完形填空 议论文整理及详细解析
高考英语考点详析专题52 完形填空议论文
考点52 完形填空议论文高考频度：★★★★★议论文是一种通过剖析事物或论述事理来提出主张或发表见解的文体。
议论文分为两种，一种是夹叙夹议型，另一种是纯议论型。
议论文是一种剖析事理、论述事物、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。
议论文的目的不仅是客观地解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。
议论文是高考完形填空题中较难的一种体裁，它一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据和结论。
做好这类题的关键在于要抓住作者的论点。
议论文中对于论点的提出通常有三种形式：1. 开门见山，直接提出论点在有些议论文中作者开头就提出论点，通过论证，最后提出自己的看法，或提出另一个话题供大家讨论。
一般来说，这种形式的议论文作者态度明确，我们也能很容易地把握作者对某一件事的看法。
2. 导入式提出论点在有些议论文中，作者并不是直接提出自己的观点，而是通过对某一现象的论述来赞扬或批评某一事物，进而提出自己的观点，然后再用具体的论据去证明自己的观点。
3. 水到渠成式得出结论在有些议论文中作者开头只是列举一系列生活中的现象，而不是表明自己的观点，通过对具体现象的分析，最后自然得出结论，而此结论就是文章的论点。
议论文形式的完形填空不像记叙文形式的完形填空那么有情景。
因此，我们对整个文章的把握相对来说也难得多。
解答这类题要遵循下列原则：1. 从首尾句入手，抓住中心议论文的写作思路一般为：提出问题→分析问题→解决问题。
因此，文章的第一、二句话通常为文章的主题句，而文章的结尾句常为文章的结论。
由此可见，我们必须充分利用文章的首尾句，推测出文章的中心，从而理解全文。
2. 紧扣信息词，把握作者观点考生要弄清文章的行文逻辑，如转折关系、因果关系、递进关系、对比关系、让步关系、指代关系等。
有时文章的第一、二段并不是作者的观点，而是对某个事物的介绍或描述，然后用信息词，如but，however，yet等将自己的观点引出，因此，阅读时一定要特别留意这些信息词。
3. 从语境入手，确定逻辑关系句与句之间总要反映出因果、假设、条件、类推等逻辑关系。
高考英语二轮复习专项突破：完形填空——议论文 (全国通用)(含高考真题分析)
完形填空——议论文距离高考还有一段时间，不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生，愈是临近高考，能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节，态度是否主动积极，安排是否科学合理，能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战，其效果往往大不一样。
以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料，希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率，希望对你有所帮助，有志者事竟成！养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。
越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。
另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。
命题探究——研试题明考向议论文是高考完形填空较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据、结论。
论点和论据形成一体，相互印证。
有时作者为了使文章脉络清楚，行文流畅，会使用一些连接词，如on the contrary、all in all、in short、generally speaking、worse still、on the other hand、in conclusion、as a consequence等。
做题时要注意以下几点：真题探究——解读命题之道(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Since our twins began learning to walk, my wife and I have kept telling them that our sliding glass door is just a window. The 41 is obvious. If we 42 it is a door, they'll want to go outside 43 . It will drive us crazy. The kids apparently know the 44 . But our insisting it's 45 a window has kept them from46 millions of requests to open the door.I hate lying to the kids. One day they'll 47 and discover that everything they've always known about windows is a 48 ．I wonder if 49 should always tell the truth no matter the 50 . I have a very strong 51 that the lie we're telling is doing 52 damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53 metaphorical (比喻) meanings. I'm telling them they can't open what they absolutely know is a door. What if later in 54 they come to a metaphorical door, like an opportunity (机会) of some sort, and 55 opening the door and taking the opportunity, they just 56 it and wonder，“What if it isn't a door？”That is，“What if it isn't a 57 opportunity？”Maybe it's an unreasonable fear. But the 58 is that I shouldn't lie to my kids. I should just 59 repeatedly having to say，“No. We can't go outside now.” Then when they come to other doors in life, be they real or metaphorical, they won't 60 to open them and walk through.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。
高考复习(英语)专项练习：完形填空说明文和议论文【含答案及解析】
文体分类练(四)——说明文和议论文Test1People always say that teenage friendships are the most precious. Kids are too 1 to understand real friendship while adults tend to relate it to fame and wealth.Things are 2with high school best friends. We share each other’s 3. We discuss news from all walks of life and begin to 4 our values. We 5 each other on the journey to the biggest challenge in our lives. We also share success and failure. The 6of friendship become deeply rooted.Many of us don’t realise this until we enter 7. One of my friends, Cora, experienced how 8 the bond with high school friends could be.“It was my high school friend who helped me get through the darkest days in my life,” Cora said.In 2018, Cora 9 her job in New York. Cora’s best friend was staying in a college dormitory and took her in. Each night the two girls squeezed into a 10 single bed, chatting and crying.“I’ll never forget her care and encouragement, which supported me out of the 11,” said Cora.I still remember my 12 days in Senior 3.At the time, I 13 a 20-page message with my best friend, both of us hoping to keep the friendship going forever.But we didn’t realise we were 14 deep in each other’s heart. During the past 10 years, whenever I’ve needed help or wanted to pour out my 15, she has always been there at the other end of a telephone line.1.A.silly B.youngC.slowD.naughty2.A.different B.familiarC.simplefortable3.A.success B.failureC.valuesD.secrets4.A.shape B.changeC.designD.discover5.A.praise B.blamermD.support6.A.flowers B.fruitsC.leavesD.seeds7.A.university B.classroomC.societyD.hotel8.A.strong B.freeC.clearD.weak9.A.got B.foundC.lostD.changed10.A.new B.narrowC.warmrge11.A.circle B.marriageC.darknessD.loneliness12.A.lonely B.busyC.sadst13.A.sent pletedC.wroteD.exchanged14.A.already B.evenC.insteadD.still15.A.excitement B.breathC.unhappinessD.joyTest2All our food comes directly or indirectly from soil. The soil which is dark in colour is humus(腐殖质). Humus includes plenty of useful materials 1 from dead plants and waste matter from animals. Soil 2 its food. If we do not 3 it with any food, plants will not grow well on it. Animal waste is the best food for soil, and chemical 4 are good, too. A change of crops every year in the same soil will also do 5.When soil is too 6, winds will blow it away, and the land will soon look like a 7. Farmers can prevent this 8 growing trees. This will weaken the 9 of the wind. After heavy rain, the 10 carries the humus down to the river. This often happens 11 the fields are on the hillsides. Farmers can level their fields and make them 12.At the beginning of the century there have been about 7,000 13 people on Earth. We now ought to 14 every bit of the soil. 15, where will such a large population grow their food?1.A.died B.madeC.broughtD.taken2.A.eats B.needsC.feedsD.enjoys3.A.give B.produceC.supplyD.develop4.A.poisons B.fertilisersC.powdersD.medicines5.A.harm B.goodC.helpD.favour6.A.light B.energeticC.dryD.thirsty7.A.desert keC.valleyD.plain8.A.from B.byC.offD.with9.A.noise B.blowC.speedD.force10.A.wind B.farmerC.treeD.water11.A.where B.inC.toD.that12.A.hill-like B.stair-likeC.bottom-likeD.gulf-like13.A.thousand B.thousandslionlions14.A.affect eC.saveD.share15.A.Otherwise B.HoweverC.ThereforeD.ThoughTest3(2021·湖北八市高三联考题改编)The best and most amazing thing about life is that no matter what happens or how hard it may be, stay 1.All you need to 2 is to do good, even if it may be the smallest thing, like greeting someone with a smile. It can 3 someone’s day, and you will have made the smallest 4 biggest difference to their life.I learned patience in the hard 5. I have been trying to rush through life, always 6 myself to my friends and wondering when my life would change. I was too busy trying to speed things up, but things just weren’t 7, so I finally gave up. However, when I continued to help people and do little things to make a difference, life 8 me back. Therefore, keep your 9 unchanged, no matter how unjust people are towards you. I believe you will be successful, 10 everything has its own special time, and yours is definitely coming. You just need to 11 a little longer.I 12 met someone worth it all, so kind and sweet, always trying to surprise me in the most 13 ways. Now, every day is something bigger and better, and that 14 is amazing.Even if you have been doing bad things until now, you can change it all. Believe me, it always gets better. It’s not easy, but it will. I know, because I have been 15 with it and I finally feel better.1.A.curious B.patientC.seriousD.generous2.A.reflect on B.set aboutC.take upD.focus on3.A.speed up B.look upC.brighten upD.turn up4.A.but B.andC.orD.so5.A.way B.timeC.pointD.problem6.A.adapting B.adjustingparingD.applying7.A.speeding B.changingC.movingD.succeeding8.A.gives B.paysC.getsD.brings9.A.intentions B.mindsC.heartsD.efforts10.A.if B.whenC.untilD.because11.A.work B.waitC.operateD.stay12.A.eventually B.occasionallyC.suddenlyD.instantly13.A.normal B.unusualmonD.unexpected14.A.thought B.viewC.feelingD.idea15.A.hunting B.strugglingC.searchingD.exploring文体分类练(四)——说明文和议论文Test1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。
高考英语二轮完形填空考点解析议论文7
议论文型完形填空专题导读议论文是高考完形填空中较难的一种文体，一般由三个要素组成：论点、论据、结论。
要做好议论文类的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的论点。
不同的议论文论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下三种情况：(1)开门见山地提出论点。
有些议论文在文章的一开始就提出论点。
然后再通过具体的论据去说明论点，论据有时候既有正面的论据，也有反面的论据，最后总结全文。
(2)导入式提出论点。
有些议论文会先通过叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点，再用具体的论据去说明自己的论点。
(3)最后提出论点。
有些议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象，不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，自然得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。
对于纯议论形式的完形填空，要在掌握全文主旨的情况下，抓好每段的首句。
抓住了每段的主旨句也就是把握了文章的脉络，理解文意就容易多了。
真题典例[2011·广东卷] It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes.The__1__is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by__2__situations that are designed for the__3__children.There can be little doubt that__4__classes can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their pl ace in life sooner.However, to take these__5__out of the regular classes may create serious problems.I observed a number of__6__children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a__7__class.In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment,relying__8__on their teachers’ directions.In the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect__9__on many problems, some of which were not on the school program.Many are concerned that gifted children become__10__and lose interest in learning.However，this__11__is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these__12__simply conclude that special classes should be setup for those who are__13__.Some top students do feel bored in class, but why they__14__so goes far beyond the work they have in school.Studies have shown that to be bored is to be anxious.The gifted child who is bored is an__15__child.( )1.A.principle B．theoryC．arguments D．classification( )2.A.designing B．grouping C．learning D．living( )3.A.smart B．curious C．mature D．average( )4.A.regular B．special C．small D．creative( )5.A.children B．programsC．graduates D．designs( )6.A.intelligent B．competentC．ordinary D．independent( )7.A.separate B．regular C．new D．boring( )8.A.specially B．slightly C．wrongly D．heavily( )9.A.directly B．cleverly C．voluntarily D．quickly( )10.A.doubted B．bored C．worried D．tired( )11.A.concern B．conclusionC．reflection D．interest( )12.A.students B．adults C．scholars D．teachers( )13.A.talented B．worriedC．learned D．intere sted( )14.A.believe B．think C．say D．feel( )15.A.outstanding B．intelligentC．anxious D．ordinary【解析】本文是一篇议论文。
议论文(完形填空)
完型填空（议论文）一、议论型完形填空的特点议论型完形填空是一种通过剖析事物，论述事理，提出主张，发表见解的文体，有以下特点：1.首句制胜，论点明确。
这类文体绝大多数都把文章主旨句作为首句，作者在这一句话中提出论点，然后在各段的首句提出分论点。
2.结构清晰，合乎逻辑。
议论型完形填空的三要素：论点、论据和论证。
论点、论据形成一体，相互印证。
为使文章脉络清楚，有逻辑性，常使用一些连接词。
如：on the contrary，generally，worse still，in conclusion，personally，further more，surely，obviously，besides，firstly等。
大家要做好议论文题材的完形填空最重要的是抓住作者的论点。
不同的议论文论点的提出方式往往不同，大体有以下三种情况：1）开门见山地提出论点。
有些议论文在文章的一开始就提出论点，然后再通过具体的论据去说明论点，论据有时候既有正面的论据，也有反面的论据，最后总结全文。
2）导入式提出论点。
有些议论文会先通过叙述生活中的一个具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的见解。
最后再用具体的论据去说明自己的论点。
3）最后提出论点。
有些议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象，而不表明自己的观点，而是通过对具体现象的分析，自然得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。
3.方法论证，合情合理。
这类文章都是按一定的论证方法来论证的。
常用的论证方法有：归纳法(分析个别事物，达到共同点，得出结论)；推理法(从原理出发，个别分析说明，得出结论)；对照法(正反对照，分析说明，得出结论)；驳论法(阐述错误观点，逐条批驳，阐明观点)。
二、议论型完形填空的应试技巧1.抓住首句，理解文意对于议论型完形填空，抓住每段的首句是做好试题的关键。
一项调查表明，英语中60％到90％的议论文的主旨句都是段落的首句。
以2006年高考安徽卷为例：【典例】Have you ever had to decide whether to go shopping or stay home and watch TV on a weekend? Now you __36___ do both at the same time. Home shopping television networks(网络)have become a ___37___ for many people to shop without __38___ having to leave their homes36.A. must B. Should C. shall D. can37.A. programme B. way C. reason D. purpose38.A. ever B. Never C. Still D. once【解析】文章以“Have you ever had to decide whethe r to go shopping or stay home and watch TV on a weekend”开篇，引出电视网络购物这一主题。
2024年新高考英语一轮复习专题 27 完形填空议论文+夹叙夹议文(含答案解析)
专题27 完形填空（议论文+夹叙夹议文）11．A．talk about B．draw upon C．react to D．fight against12．A．search B．take C．recognize D．find13．A．know B．teach C．judge D．beat14．A．distance B．line C．journey D．circle15．A．changes B．crashes C．events D．attacks【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．C 15．A【导语】本文是一篇议论文。
文章讲述了当生活中遇到波浪的时候，可以从不同的角度看问题，生活会发生变化。
1．考查动词词义辨析。
句意：当他的其他朋友一直在玩的时候，小男孩花了一整天的时间建造他的沙堡。
A. creating创造；B. picturing想象；C. drawing绘画；D. watching观看。
根据后文“He even____2____a moat (护城河) using a spoon, a bridge with a____3____,and walls for his castle.”可知，该在其他朋友一直在玩的时候，小男孩花了一整天的时间建造他的沙堡。
故选A。
2．考查动词词义辨析。
句意：他甚至用勺子造了一条护城河，用棍子造了一座桥，还为他的城堡筑了墙。
A. kept保持；B. made制作；C. crossed穿过；D. defended防御。
根据后文的“a moat (护城河) using a spoon,”可知，他用勺子制造了一条护城河。
故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。
句意：他甚至用勺子造了一条护城河，用棍子造了一座桥，还为他的城堡筑了墙。
A. bucket桶；B. stone石头；C. rope绳子；D. stick木棍。
完形填空——议论文
完形填空——议论文完形填空分层突破(三)—议论文1. 议论型完形填空的特点(1)议论形式的完形填空一般是直接提出论点, 通过论据论证, 最后, 作者提出自己的看法或提出另一个话题供大家讨论。
(2)议论形式的完形填空一般都是由论点（作者的观点, 也就是被证明的对象）、论据（用来证明论点的依据, 是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法）这三个要素构成的, 这也是一个提出问题→分析问题→解决问题的过程。
(3)英语议论文不仅需要说明自己的观点, 而且还要让读者接受自己的观点, 因此, 在词语表达上除了客观之外, 还比较注重委婉。
常用虚拟语气、让步状语从句和情态动词can, could, may, might, would, should等。
为了辩证推理的条理性和逻辑性, 往往较多地使用since, now that, therefore, in that case, because, so, but, however等过渡词和连接词。
2. 议论型完形填空的备考策略(1)遵循“首句”原则对于议论文形式的完形填空, 在掌握全文主旨的情况下, 抓好每段的首句是做好试题的基本原则之一。
有一项调查结果表明, 英语议论文有60%～90%的主旨句在文章的首句。
抓住了每段的主旨句也就“牵住了牛鼻子”, 再理解文意也就不难了。
(2)理清论点、论据、结论议论型完形填空与记叙型完形填空相比, 议论型完形填空稍微难做。
一般的记叙文是按时间顺序进行描述的, 我们只要把握事件发生、发展的过程, 就能将情景掌握好。
然而议论文形式的完形填空就不这么简单了, 如果我们对哪是论点、哪是论据、哪是结论都不清楚, 只是莽撞地选择答案, 其结果可想而知。
所以理清论点、论据和结论是做好议论型完形填空的关键。
(3)“三论”结合验证答案一般来说, 能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在论点里得到印证, 而论点里的某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来, 使论点、论据形成相辅相成的关系, 因而整个文章上下一致。
高考英语专题冲刺 专题11 完形填空之议论文(含解析)
专题卷九完形填空之议论文1.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One day, my computer wiped out all of my digital records. There were important medical 1. , as well as business records that might never be got again. What’s 2. , the data couldn’t be ret rieved.This sad story of my computer breakdown was overwhelming. I made a conscious attempt to view this optimistically. It’s 3. even though it’s increased my workload to 4. many documents I used regularly. I tell you my personal saga to 5. you to begin to view that overwhelming issue in your life 6. an opportunity to change your perspective. Easier said than done. To let me 7. you, maybe this little story will help.A young couple moves into a new neighborhood. The next morning while they are eating breakfast, the young woman sees her neighbor8.the wash outside. “That laundry is not very 9.”, she said. “She doesn’t know how to wash correctly. Perhaps she needs 10. detergent. ” Her husband looked on, but remained11. . Every time her neighbor would hang her 12. to dry, the young woman would make the same 13. . About one month later, the woman was surprised to see a nice clean wash on the line and said to her husband: “Look, she has14.how to wash correctly. I wonder who taught her this. ” The15.said, “I g ot up early this morning and 16. our windows. ”What we see 17. the window through which we look. Is there something in your life that needs a 18. of perspective: a window washed, an attitude adjustment, or a new perception of reality? It could be a job th at doesn’t meet your potential, 19. it pays the bills right now. Try to put a(n) 20. spin on your circumstance. It may require you to let go of a short term goal to free up emotional space fora long term dream.1． A. books B. patients C. records D. tests2. A. cleverer B. better C. worse D. further3. A. recovering B. working C. leaving D. playing4. A. recreate B. repeat C. recycle D. reform5. A. order B. warn C. allow D. encourage6. A. in B. at C. for D. as7. A. catch B. see C. convince D. understand8. A. hanging B. choosing C. picking D. buying9. A. white B. clean C. clear D. apparent10. A. nice B. better C. softer D. thicker11. A. cool B. calm C. still D. silent12. A. meat B. quilt C. fish D. wash13. A. promise B. plan C. comments D. difference14. A. known B. learned C. observed D. followed15. A. husbandB. writer C. son D. mother16. A. cleaned B. repaired C. exchanged D. opened17. A. takes on B. depends on C. turns on D. moves on18. A. series B. sense C. change D. way19. A. for B. and C. or D. but20. A. positive B. negative C. important D. lucky 【答案】1. C2. C3. B4. A5. D6. D7. C8. A9. B10. B11. D12. D13. C14. B15. A16. A17. B18. C19. D20. A2. C 根据下文的. . . the data can’t be retrieved. 可知, 是比上文更糟糕的。
考点21： 完形填空-议论文(解析版)
专题十三完形填空-议论文类A组课堂专项训练Cloze 1(2013浙江高考模拟)Overcoming LazinessLaziness is a state of inaction.It is something that you do,not something that you are.Being lazy means you have no 1to do anything.This is obvious but the mistake that many people make is 2 themselves as someone who is lazy.In this article,I am going to 3with you something that will help you see this state of 4in a different way.Lazy people are often seen as useless.5,are they really being lazy or are they acting lazy?There is a huge 6between saying you act lazy sometimes and you are a lazy person.One is suggesting that your laziness is 7while the other suggests that it’s permanent.This is the myth of laziness.People who are lazy aren’t lazy;they 8are people who are temporarily acting that way.So what 9 a person to be inactive?The answer is a lack of goals.If you give someone a good enough 10to do something,he will do it.People who don’t seem to do anything just haven’t found a good enough reason to do anything.11students don’t study because they don’t see the 12in studying.If you give them a reason,a strong enough reason,they will 13.For example,if you are too lazy to go to the gym,would you go if someone 14you a million dollars?If you are too lazy to clean out the garage,would someone 15 a gun to your head help you take action?The reason can be positive or negative 16it’s strong enough to induce(引起)action.The bottom line of how to 17laziness comes down to finding enough reasons to take action.Action will 18success while inaction will result in 19.Before you take action though,you need a compelling(令人信服的) reason to do so.To motivate someone who is lazy,what you need to do is help him find enough 20to work towards a certain goal.1.A.motivation B.question C.money D.courage2.A.agreeing B.denying C.identifying D.refusing3.A.argue B.share C.show D.report4.A.inaction B.attitude C.improvement D.mind5.A.Otherwise B.Besides C.However D.Therefore6.A.mistake B.similarity C.change D.difference7.A.correct B.false C.temporary D.inspirational8.A.simply B.occasionally C.often D.hardly9.A.stops B.causes C.discourages D.makes10.A.excuse B.gift C.chance D.purpose11.A.Hard-working zy C.Young D.Confused12.A.point B.success C.situation D.difficulty13.A.take notes B.take risks C.take action D.take charge14.A.loaned B.owed C.borrowed D.offered15.A.dropping B.pointing C.shooting D.hiding16.A.as long as B.as soon as C.so that D.in case17.A.win B.defend C.overcome D.ban18.A.result from B.fight for C.bring back D.lead to19.A.success B.failure C.illness D.happiness20.A.reasons B.money C.energy D.confidence【语篇解读】本文作者向大家揭示了克服懒惰的要旨,即找到达到某一目标的足够的理由。
高考英语二轮完形填空考点解析议论文2课件
7.A.separate C.new
8.A.specially C.wrongly
9.A.dired C.worried
11.A.concern C.reflection
B.regular D.boring B.slightly D.heavily B.cleverly D.quickly
答案 1～5 CCDBA 6～10 ABDCB 11～15ABADC
考题印证
Test 1 (2011·北京卷)I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn’t like attention drawn to myself.And 1 otherwise assigned(指定)a seat by the teacher，I always 2 to sit at the back of the classroom.
实例透析 (2011·广东卷)It has been argued by some that gifted
children should be grouped in special classes.The 1 根 据第一句话中的 argued 可知此处为 argument。is based on the belief
(3)“三论”结合验证答案 一般来说，能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在论点里得 到印证，而论点里的某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合 起来，使论点、论据形成相辅相成的关系，因而整个文 章上下一致。如果我们所选的答案前后矛盾，论据与论 点相悖，最后的结论与论点相矛盾，那就说明我们对于 文章的把握欠条理和系统，我们就要重新回过头来理顺 文章的各个部分，直到清楚为止，然后再依据自己对全 文的掌握及各部分的逻辑关系选出答案。
高考英语二轮完形填空考点解析议论文1
完形填空突破(三)——议论文1．议论型完形填空的特点(1)议论形式的完形填空一般是直接提出论点,通过论据论证,最后,作者提出自己的看法或提出另一个话题供大家讨论。
(2)议论形式的完形填空一般都是由论点（作者的观点,也就是被证明的对象）、论据（用来证明论点的依据,是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法）这三个要素构成的,这也是一个提出问题→分析问题→解决问题的过程。
(3)英语议论文不仅需要说明自己的观点,而且还要让读者接受自己的观点,因此,在词语表达上除了客观之外,还比较注重委婉。
常用虚拟语气、让步状语从句和情态动词can,could,may,might,would,should等。
为了辩证推理的条理性和逻辑性,往往较多地使用since,now that,therefore,in that case,because,so,but,however等过渡词和连接词。
2．议论型完形填空的备考策略(1)遵循“首句”原则对于议论文形式的完形填空,在掌握全文主旨的情况下,抓好每段的首句是做好试题的基本原则之一。
有一项调查结果表明,英语议论文有60%～90%的主旨句在文章的首句。
抓住了每段的主旨句也就“牵住了牛鼻子”,再理解文意也就不难了。
(2)理清论点、论据、结论议论型完形填空与记叙型完形填空相比,议论型完形填空稍微难做。
一般的记叙文是按时间顺序进行描述的,我们只要把握事件发生、发展的过程,就能将情景掌握好。
然而议论文形式的完形填空就不这么简单了,如果我们对哪是论点、哪是论据、哪是结论都不清楚,只是莽撞地选择答案,其结果可想而知。
所以理清论点、论据和结论是做好议论型完形填空的关键。
(3)“三论”结合验证答案一般来说,能说明论据主要内容的答案可以在论点里得到印证,而论点里的某些答案也可以与论据有机地结合起来,使论点、论据形成相辅相成的关系,因而整个文章上下一致。
如果我们所选的答案前后矛盾,论据与论点相悖,最后的结论与论点相矛盾,那就说明我们对于文章的把握欠条理和系统,我们就要重新回过头来理顺文章的各个部分,直到清楚为止,然后再依据自己对全文的掌握及各部分的逻辑关系选出答案。
完形填空专题3议论文型完形填空
练习一：社会现象分析
总结词
分析社会现象，探讨问题根源，提出 解决方案。
详细描述
针对当前社会热点问题，如教育、医 疗、环保等，进行深入剖析，挖掘问 题背后的原因，提出切实可行的解决 方案，并论证其可行性和有效性。
练习二：人生哲理思考
总结词
思考人生意义，探索生命价值，分享人生经验。
详细描述
从个人经历、感悟出发，探讨人生的意义和价值，分享对生命、成长、成功等方面的思考和见解，启 发读者对人生的深入思考。
详细描述
这类文章通常会介绍不同的教育理念和方法，如传统教育和现代教育、启发式教学和应试教育等。同时，文章也 会讨论教育的目的和意义，以及教育对个人和社会的影响。在填空时，考生需要根据文章内容，选择合适的词汇 描述教育的各个方面。
实例三：科技发展话题
总结词
科技发展话题的议论文型完形填空主要 涉及科技发展的趋势、影响和挑战等方 面。
逻辑推理
总结词
考查考生逻辑思维能力以及对文章内在逻辑关系的把握。
详细描述
议论文型完形填空中常涉及对文章内在逻辑关系的推理，如 因果关系、转折关系等。考生需根据文章中的线索和逻辑关 系，推断出正确的答案。
Part
03
议论文型完形填空实例解析
实例一：环保话题
总结词
环保话题的议论文型完形填空通常涉及环境保护、可持续发展和自然资源的保护和合理 利用。
词汇运用方面，需要掌握常见搭 配和短语，能够准确选词填空。
文章通常围绕一个观点或主题展 开，通过论证和论述来支持或反 驳某一观点。
解题时需要关注上下文语境，理 解作者的意图和立场，同时注意 逻辑关系的梳理。
学习建议
增加阅读量
多读各类英文文章，尤其是议论 文，提高语境理解和逻辑推理能 力。
专题25 完形填空(说明文和议论文类)(解析版)
专题25 完形填空（说明文和议论文类）1.(2019·全国卷III)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- ___41___ six months out of the year.Of course, we ___42___ it when the sun is shining," says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is ___43___, but down in the valley it’s darker —it’s like on a ___44___ day.”But that ___45___ when a system of high-tech ___46___ was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan ___47___ their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to ___48___. The mirrors are controlled by a computer that ___49___ them to turn along with the sun throughout the ___50___ and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central ___51___, creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light ___52___, Rjukan residents gathered together.“People have been ___53___ there and standing there and taking ___54___ of each other," Ro says. "The town square was totally ___55___. I think almost all the people in the town were there. "The 3,500 residents cannot all ___56___ the sunshine at the same time. ___57___, the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s ___58___ residents."It's not very ___59___,” she says, "but it is enough when we are ___60___.”41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows更多优质资料请关注公众号：诗酒叙华年50. A. day B. night C. month D. year51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing【答案】41—45 CDBAB 46—50 CCDBA 51—55 CADAB 56—60 CBDAD【解析】本文属于说明文，讲述北欧一个小镇长达半年没有阳光照射，为此在附近的山顶安装了一套镜子设备把阳光反射到小镇的广场。
高中英语2024届高考复习完形填空分类练习(议论文)(附参考答案和解析)
高考英语完形填空分类练习班级考号姓名总分(议论文)（一）（2023·上海·上海市民办文绮中学校考三模）The teenage years of an individual is marked by evaluating one’s values, experiencing a shift in outlooks, and a tendency to act rebellious.It can also be a time when someone becomes extremely 96 to negative influences, and is drawn towards dangerous situations.On the other hand, for parents, the period of their children’s adolescence means regularly worrying about their safety and formation as a citizen.Thus, a method of 97 teenagers’ security is needed, and curfews(宵禁)are often seen as such a measure, since they have proved their 98 .At the same time, certain peculiarities exist about establishing curfews for children.The issue of teenage curfews is widely debated in the United States, where this method is still rather 99 , and in European democracies, where this measure is yet not so widely used.The first and foremost reason for establishing curfews is children’s security. 100 curfews require teenagers under 17 years to stay out of streets starting from 11 p.m.or midnight.This is believed to protect them from crimes committed after nightfall, as well as from breaking the law, and there exists seriousevidence 101 this belief.For example, when New Orleans enabled adusk-till-dawn curfew in 1994, the rates of juvenile crime were reported to fall more than 20 percent.Even more impressive 102 were recorded in Dallas, which reported a 30-percent decrease in violent juvenile crime, and a 21-percent decrease in the overall rates of crimes committed by young people(The New York Times).On the other hand, curfews can be seen as a preventive measure that rob young people of their rights, 103 their freedom.This opinion is particularly supported by the fact that curfew violations and the respective charges are among the most often committed juvenile crimes in the United States. 104 , there were reports claiming that police arrested more non-white teenagers for curfew violations.All this can cause a teenager to believe they have crossed a psychological line dividing them as 105 ; thus, such teenagers may start to see themselves as outlaws, which can 106 committing more serious crimes than a curfew offense.What is important for a parent to remember when establishing a curfew for their chil dren is that a teenager’s misjudged view of certain107 may cause them to misbehave in some other way; this is proved by research conducted by the University of Minnesota, according to which teens tend to protest against what they seeas 108 .Considering this, parents should 109 the authoritarian style of establishing curfews; instead, they should have a conversation with their teenager that would be aimed at finding ideal conditions for a curfew thatwould 110 both sides.96.A.opposed B.subjected C.related D.restricted97.A.improving B.restoring C.ensuring D.expanding98.A.principle B.reference C.approach D.efficiency99.A.popular B.absent C.practical D.accessible100.A.Typical B.Evident C.Critical D.Specific101.A.in place of B.in honor of C.in case of D.in favor of102.A.results B.events C.patterns D.links103.A.protecting B.acknowledging C.limiting D.liberating104.A.By contrast B.In addition C.In conclusion D.In general105.A.winners B.criminals C.victims D.protectors106.A.take charge of B.contribute to C.result from D.deal with107.A.rules B.charges C.crimes D.relations108.A.impolite B.unrealistic C.inadequate D.unfair109.A.adopt B.allow C.avoid D.address110.A.satisfy B.spare C.surround D.settle（二）（2023·上海·高三校考阶段练习）Why some brilliant ideas get overlooked?In 1928, Karl Jansky, a young radio engineer at Bell Telephone Laboratories, began researching static interference that might obscure voice transmissions.Five years later, after building a large rotating antenna (天线) and investigating every possibility he could think of, he published his remarkable 111 : some of the static was coming from the Milky Way.Jansky’s theory was eye-catching enough to be published in The New York Times but scientists were 112 .Radio signals from outer space? Surely they were too weak to detect.Jansky’s ideas were largely113 for about a decade.He died at the age of 44.Thankfully, he lived long enough to see his ideas blossom into field of radio astronomy.Jansky’s story resonates with us: we all like the idea of the researcher who is so far ahead of their 114 that it takes years for the rest of the world to catch up.Gregor Mendel’s research into plant genetics is a famous example —published in 1866, it was only verified and taken seriously in 1900.The stories of Jansky and Mendel hold out some hope to anyone who feels that the world has not quite 115 their brilliance.There is even a name for such cases, coined by Anthony van Raan of Leiden University: “Sleeping Beauties”, scientific papers that receive almost no citations for years, before findingwide 116 .(Some scholars argue that the term is sexist and prefer “delayed recognition”.)So what is it about an idea that delays recognition? One view is that brilliant ideas are overlooked when delivered by obscure messengers.Jansky and Mendel were somewhat detached from (离开) the scientific 117 .In 1970, the sociologist Stephen Cole published an analysis arguing that the obstacle tended to lie inthe 118 of the idea itself, rather than the prestige of the scientist behind it.Ideas fell asleep for a hundred years because they were radical, or confusing, or both.It is difficult to be sure.Two scholars of the field, Eugene Garfield and Wolfgand Glanzel, have argued that such 119 of delayed recognition are so rare as to be hard to analyse.Studying papers published in 1980 from the vantage (优势) point of 2004, they looked for articles that were barely cited for five years, then subsequently 120 .They found just 60 examples in 450,000 cases.There areplenty of examples of research that is barely cited; what is rare is their subsequent popularity.Why, then, is this myth such a compelling one? One explanation, of course, is that we all love a story of the underdog (黑马) who triumphsagainst 121 .Immediate and sustained success is as boring as immediate and sustained failure.Another is that scientists themselves are fond of the thought that their ideas are 122 .In an essay on delayed recognition, Garfield notes mildly that one historian of science, Derek Price, believed one of his own papers was suffering delayed recognition.It is easy to chuckle, but it is also easy to empathise.Delayed recognition is rare.Much more 123 is for people simply to reach their prime late in life.David Galenson is an economist who studies the creative output of musicians, artists, directors and others.Galenson has found that while it is quite possible to 124 as a radical young conceptual artist, there are many examples of “old masters” whose later works are more admired than their youthful ones.We all need to be able to hold on to the idea that the best is yet to come.But it is too tempting to hope that what we have already produced will, one day, be recognized for its brilliance.Good things do not come to those who wait, if 125 is all they do.It is wiser to get back to work and make something better.111.A.conclusion B.device C.invention D.paper112.A.unreliable B.uncomfortable C.unimpressed D.unsatisfactory113.A.criticized B.kept C.ignored D.inspected114.A.mission B.goal C.schedule D.time115.A.caught up with B.had a good command ofC.made good use ofD.taken advantage of116.A.attention B.platform C.space D.vision117.A.data B.kingdom C.mainstream D.proof118.A.content B.origin C.popularity D.presence119.A.examples B.letters C.reports D.supporters120.A.broke off B.paid off C.switched off D.took off121.A.the authorities B.the odds C.the opposite D.the wrong122.A.underappreciated B.underdevelopedC.underequippedD.underperformed123.A.challenging mon plicated D.difficult124.A.break through B.get through C.make ends meet D.make senseplaining B.socializing C.thinking D.waiting（三）（2023·上海·卢湾高级中学校考三模）For a start, we’re not sure what artificial intelligence (AI) is, which complicates our every conversation about what effect it will have on our lives.We can’t even really 126 what intelligence is in humans, where the conversation inevitably goes away from science and into philosophy.As neither a scientist nor a philosopher, but with decades of personal experience on the front lines of both human and machine cognition (认知), I prefer to focus on the 127 .AI will be the greatest technological advance since the Internet turned the world into a living stream of data.It will eventually bemore 128 than the Internet, changing every part of our lives in seen and unseen ways.And it’s already129 .From medical diagnosis to investment banking, from hiring staff to educating our children, these increasingly 130 systems are changing the world.Whether you find this terrifying or wonderful is important, becausepublic 131 drives education, investment, and regulation, making the outcome a type of self-fulfilling promise. 132 , if people find the rapid advance of intelligent machines terrifying instead of wonderful, it won’t stop it, but it could make the outcome much worse.Powerful new technology nearly always causes distress before producing broad benefits.By slowing down our progress out ofunreasoning 133 , we lengthen the distress stage by delaying the next waves of breakthroughs needed to produce the broader benefits.There are real and immediate 134 about the increase in intelligent machines, especially autonomous ones.Rising inequality if automation hits lower-income people harder, personal data being used improperly by companies… None of these issues come anywhere close to an existential threat – the killer robots of Hollywood or the super-intelligent AI that sees no reason to 135 .It’s as if everyone were curious about how we might all one day be killed by robots.As a member of the executive board of the Foundation for Responsible Robotics and as a security ambassador for Avast Software, I’ve become all too136 the real threats we may be faced with due to these AI-enhanced machines.And I’m glad that great minds like Stephen Hawking and Elon Musk are voicing their concerns, and that top AI authorities like Nick Bostrom are mapping outthe 137 possibilities.After all, we live with nuclear power that could literally destroy the planet, and we certainly want it to be monitored andused 138 .But like all our inventions, AI is capable of being used for good orevil. 139 matters, and so making better humans will always be more important than making smarter machines.Above all, we must keep 140 , because the only solution for the problems caused by today’s technology is tomorrow’s.126.A.tell apart B.disapprove of C.glance at D.agree on127.A.theoretical B.practical C.physical D.mental128.A.specialized B.transformative C.predictable D.irrelevant129.A.happening B.misleading C.worsening D.changing130.A.intense B.annoying C.capable D.simple131.A.health B.image C.service D.opinion132.A.In short B.What’s more C.That is D.As a result133.A.fear B.deed C.manner D.passion134.A.rumors B.remarks C.mysteries D.concerns135.A.take humans in B.keep humans aroundC.give humans upD.put humans away136.A.familiar with B.ignorant of C.superior to D.unhappy about137.A.newest B.best C.oldest D.worst138.A.occasionally B.responsibly C.immediately D.genuinely139.A.Technology B.Morality C.Intelligence D.Automation140.A.moving forward B.looking upon C.calming down D.running away附：参考答案解析（一）96.B 97.C 98.D 99.A 100.A 101.D 102.A 103.C104.B 105.B 106.B 107.A 108.D 109.C 110.A 【解析】这是一篇议论文。
高考英语专项复习阅读理解《完形填空(说明文议论文)》十年真题汇总含答案
高考英语专项复习阅读理解《完形填空（说明文议论文）》十年真题汇总含答案2022年完形填空说明文、议论文Close 1【2022年全国乙卷】Young children across the globe enjoy playing games of hide and seek. For them, there’s something highly exciting about ___21___ someone else’s glance and making oneself unable to be seen.However, we all witness that preschool children are remarkably ___22___ at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies ___23___ .For a long time, this ineffective hiding method was ___24___ as evidence that children are hopelessly “egocentric” (自我中心的) creatures. But our ___25___ research results in child developmental psychology___26___ that idea.We brought young children aged 2-4 into our Minds in Development Lab at USC. Each ___27___ sat down with an adult who covered her own eyes or ___28___ . We then asked the child if she could ___29___ or hear the adult. Surprisingly, children replied that they couldn’t. The same ___30___ happened when the adult covered her own mouth: ___31___ children said that they couldn’t ___32___ to her.A number of ___33___ ruled out that the children misunderstood what they were being asked. The results were clear: Our young subjects ___34___ the questions and knew ___35___ what was asked of them. Their ___36___ to the questions reflected their true ___37___ that “I can see you only if you can see me, too.” They simply ___38___ mutual (相互的) recognition and regard. Our ___39___ suggest when a child “hides” by putting a blanket over her head, it is not a result of egocentrism. In fact, children consider this method ___40___ when others use it.21. A. following B. taking C. escaping D. directing22. A. clever B. bad C. scared D. quick23. A. exposed B. examined C. untouched D. imbalanced24. A. supported B. guaranteed C. imagined D. interpreted25. A. disappointing B. mixed C. surprising D. desired26. A. explained B. confirmed C. contradicted D. tested27. A. parent B. child C. researcher D. doctor28. A. feet B. nose C. hands D. ears29. A. see B. help C. reach D. fool30. A. event B. thing C. action D. accident31. A. Yet B. Now C. Soon D. Once32. A. speak B. listen C. turn D. wave33. A. instructions B. descriptions C. experiments D. assumptions34. A. comprehended B. predicted C. explored D. ignored35. A. partly B. honestly C. vaguely D. exactly36. A. responses B. approaches C. contribution D. sensitivity37. A. ability B. belief C. identity D. purpose38. A. hold back B. relate to C. insist on D. make up39. A. limitations B. requirements C. theories D. findings40. A. tentative B. impressive C. creative D. effective【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B31. B 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. C 39. D 40. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。
高考英语总复习完形填空专题训练3---议论文含解析
高考英语总复习完形填空专题训练3---议论文含解析高考英语总复习完形填空专题训练3议论文ATrue HappinessTruly happy and successful people get that way by becoming the best,most genuine(真实的) version of themselves.Not on the outside—on the inside.It’s not about a brand or a 1.It’s about reality:who you really are.Sounds simple,I know.The problem is,it’s very hard to do,and it can take a lifetime to 2it out.3worth doing in life is ever easy.And you’re going to have to break out of your comfort zone and take some 4that will scare you so much.But what’s the 5of life if not finding yourself and trying to become the best?That’s what Steve Jobs6when he said:Your time is 7,so don’t waste it living someone else’s life.Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions 8your own inner voice.You have to 9something—your gut(直觉),fate,life,or10.This 11has never let me down,and it has made all the difference in my life.Now,let’s for a moment be12about this.Insightful as that advice may be,it sounds a little too 13to resonate (共鸣)with today’s quick-fix culture.These days,if you can’t tell people exactly what to do and how to do it,it 14deaf ears.Not only that,but what Jobs was talking about,what I’m talking about,requires focus and discipline,two things that are very hard to15thesedays.Why?Because,focus and discipline are hard.It’s somuch easier to 16to distraction(分心).Easy and addictive.When you choose one course of action,you miss out on all the other opportunities you might have chosen to17but didn’t.People 18stop to consider that until it’s too late.And yet,the opportunity for adventure is right there in front of each and every one of us.Until you take it,you’ll never know what you might19.All you have to do is to 20the journey.So,take action!【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。
完形填空议论文及详细解析
完形填空议论文及详细解析GE GROUP system office room 【GEIHUA16H-GEIHUA GEIHUA8Q8-英语完形填空之议论文突破议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。
议论文的目的不仅是客观的解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。
英语议论文不完全等同于汉语的议论文，它涉及的范围要小得多。
有人把英语中的议论文旧理解为论证文、推理文或辩论文，还有人直接将议论文归入到了说明文当中。
但笔者认为就写作目的与写作手法而言，英语议论文与英语说明文还是有一定的区别的。
首先，英语说明文主要是对提出的主题进行“说明”和“阐述”，并不进行正反评判和推理，也不强迫读者接受作者的观点；而英语议论文主要是就某一主题，在摆出正反两方面观点的基础上，通过论证、推理辩论等手段，试图让读者最终接受作者对这一主题的某种观点。
尽管有时也不一定非常明确的交待正反观点，但力图通过推理让读者赞同自己的观点始终是英语议论文的主要目的。
不管是在汉语中，还是在英语中，议论文都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法），这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的过程。
因此，典型的议论文一般就由序论（提出问题，即what）、本论（分析问题，即why）和结论（解决问题，即how）三个部分构成，其具体的结构模式又有以下三种：模式一：引言段（提出观点）——正方论点心（支持作者的观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者的观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）在这种模式中，文章主体段（中间部分）的每一个部分论述一个论点，这些论点以其重要性按序排列，最有力、最重要的论点在最后面，以示强调。
模式二：引言段（提出观点）——反面意见（反方观点+作者的反驳）、正方论点1（支持作者观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）在这种模式中，文章立体段的一开始就提出对立方的反面意见及作者对这种意见的反驳，以后各部分仍分别陈述作者的不同论点。
高考英语二轮完形填空考点解析议论文4
议论文三、议论文【体裁诠释】议论文是高考完形填空中较难的文章。
议论文由三个要素组成：论点、论据、论证。
有着较强的说教目的和一定的语言深度。
议论文完形填空的特点：结构清晰、脉络有序。
①有些议论型完形填空的首句常常是文章的主旨句。
作者一般在文章的首段提出论点，然后在各段的首句提出分论点。
②还有些议论文先叙述生活中的一件具体的事情或描述生活中的现象，然后根据事情或现象所反映的问题提出自己的论点。
然后再用具体的论据去说明自己的论点。
③此外，也有些议论文一开始作者仅仅是列举生活中的现象，而不表明自己的观点，然后通过对具体现象的分析，自然得出一种结论，这种结论往往就是作者的论点。
抓住论点是理解议论文的关键所在。
可以从以下几个角度寻找或概括中心论点：分析论点所在的位置。
①题目。
有的文章题目本身就是中心论点；②开头。
有的文章在开头直接提出中心论点，然后逐层论述；③中间。
有的文章在论述过程中提出中心论点，这种情况较少；④结尾。
有的文章通过论述，在文章结尾处归纳出全文的中心论点。
论据是论点赖以存在的根据，一般分为事实论据和道理论据。
阅读议论文，要学会分析论点与论据的关系、论据在证明论点时所起的作用。
事实论据，应该分析作者所提供的事实，从事实中发现道理，再验证它与作者的论点的逻辑关系。
道理论据，应该从道理论据出发联系和道理对应的事实，来验证这些道理如何证明论点。
要做好高考完形填空中的议论文，最主要的是要抓住作者议论的中心，也就是要理清文章的论点、论据和论证。
【典例探究】（·广东卷）Every country has its own culture.Even though each country uses doors, doors may have_ 21 __functions and purposes which lead to ___22__ differences.When I first came to America, I noticed that a public building had two different__23___ and they had distinct functions. You have to push the door with the word “PUSH” to go out of the building and to pull the door with the word “PULL” to_ 24____the building. This was new to me, because we use the ____25__ door in South Korea. For quite a few times I failed to go out of a shopping centre and was embarrassed.The way of using school bus doors was also ____26__ to me .I used to take the school bus to classes. The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back doors, ___27 _who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on __ 28_ . In South Korea, we do not need to wait for people to get off. One morning, I hurried to the bus, and when the bus doors opened, I___ 29____tried to get on the school bus through the front door. All the students around looked at me, I was totally_ 30 _ _,and my face went red.21. A. different B. important C. practical D. unusual22. A. national B. embarrassing C. cultural D. amazing23. A. exits B. entrances C. signs D. doors24. A. enter B. leave C. open D. close25. A. main B. same C. front D. back 26. A. annoying B. hard C. satisfying D. strange27. A. parents B. students C. teachers D. drivers28. A. sooner B. later C. faster D. earlier29. A. politely B. patiently C. unconsciously D. slowly30. A. embarrassed B. annoyed C. unsatisfied D. excited【答案解析】21. 【解析】选A。
2022高考英语：完形填空-议论文类解题技巧
2022高考英语：完形填空-议论文类解题技巧一、考情分析在近几年的高考完形填空试题中，也显现了议论文体裁的完形填空。
议论文一样缺乏趣味性，因此在高考中显现的频率不是专门高，然而，议论文是考生日常生活中经常接触的文体，因此，关于这类体裁的文章的特点及解题的关键考生也应该有一个适当的了解。
一、要点突破差不多词汇经历牢，选词够贴切对词汇的考查在完形填空中占的比例最大，要紧是对实词的考查，如名词、形容词、副词、动词等。
考生要注意辨别同义词，近义词或形近词，考生一定要依照句子相关部分的意思，从含义和用法等多方面加以考虑，结合上下文内容，依照句意做出判定。
有时从单句看，看起来不止一个答案，现在必须结合上下文才能做出选择。
考生要注意固定搭配。
固定搭配以动词、形容词、副词、介词构成的词组居多。
这类题要紧靠考生平常多读来增强语感，多记词语的适应搭配等来提高做题速度。
考生应依照语感在句中查找线索，做出选择。
假如是动词，还要注意其前后名词的搭配（主谓、动宾等）；假如是名词，就要注意它是否与前后的动词或介词构成搭配。
【例1】(高考浙江卷)…For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of 25 that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasn’t 26 .Somebody had thought 27 of me to bring me a gift…25. A. relief B. loss C. achievement D. Justice26. A. blame B. loved C. forgotten D. affected27. A. highly B. little C. poorly D. enough【分析】25.A.本题考查名词辨析。
依照下文中的“I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school”可知，当“我”回到学校时，就没有必要再感到难堪了。
【中考英语总复习 考点专项练习】37 完形填空之议论文(解析版)
专项37 完形填空之议论文议论文一般缺乏趣味性，所以在中考中出现的频率不是很高，但是也偶有出现，因此对于这类题材的文章的特点及解题的关键考生也应该有适当的了解。
二、解题方法：1.完形填空的短文通常没有标题且文章的首句和尾句，一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。
2.第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。
此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一两遍，直到明确大意为止。
3.做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见森林。
由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。
因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
4.每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的，其他三项均为干扰项。
而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。
5.动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。
对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。
A（2022·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A man walked in the desert（沙漠）for two days. He ___1___ a sand storm during the trip. After the sand storm, he lost the sense of ___2___. While he was unable to hold on, he suddenly found a small old house. He pulled his ___3___ body into the house. There was only some wood inside. He walked to the corner hopelessly, but suddenly ___4___ a water pump.Excitedly, he went to draw water（抽水）, ___5___ he couldn’t pump water no matter howhard he tried. He sat on the ground ___6___. Just at that time, he saw a small bottle with a cork （瓶塞）. There was a yellow ___7___ posted on the bottle, which read, “You must put the water into the pump before you can draw water! Don’t ___8___, before you leave, refill it with water!” He pulled the cork and found the bottle was really filled with water! He could hardly believe his ___9___.At this moment, he thought, “If I only think about myself, as long as I drink the water in the bottle, I can be ___10___ to go out of this desert! If I do as the note told to put the only water into the pump and the water can’t come back, I will be ___11___ to death. Will I take the risk or not?”Finally, he made a ___12___ to do what the note told him and began to draw water with his shaking hands. Sure enough, the water really ___13___!After he drank enough water, he filled the bottle with water. He enveloped（封住）it with the cork and ___14___ his words after the note, “Believe me, it’s really ___15___. You should learn to pay before you get it!”1．A．met B．missed C．avoided D．expected 2．A．touch B．taste C．humour D．direction 3．A．light B．tired C．perfect D．strong 4．A．started B．repaired C．controlled D．discovered 5．A．so B．or C．but D．and6．A．sadly B．happily C．carefully D．patiently 7．A．map B．note C．sign D．mark8．A．cry B．lie C．shout D．forget9．A．luck B．success C．ability D．trouble 10．A．weak B．alive C．awful D．nervous 11．A．lonely B．angry C．thirsty D．hungry 12．A．wish B．rule C．mess D．decision 13．A．came out B．dried up C．cooled down D．ran away 14．A．sent B．passed C．added D．repeated 15．A．funny B．useful C．wrong D．strange【答案】1．A2．D3．B4．D5．C6．A7．B8．D9．A10．B11．C12．D13．A14．C15．B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
英语完形填空之议论文突破议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表见解或提出主张的说理性文章。
议论文的目的不仅是客观的解释事物，还力图说服读者相信并接受某一观点。
英语议论文不完全等同于汉语的议论文，它涉及的范围要小得多。
有人把英语中的议论文旧理解为论证文、推理文或辩论文，还有人直接将议论文归入到了说明文当中。
但笔者认为就写作目的与写作手法而言，英语议论文与英语说明文还是有一定的区别的。
首先，英语说明文主要是对提出的主题进行“说明”和“阐述”，并不进行正反评判和推理，也不强迫读者接受作者的观点；而英语议论文主要是就某一主题，在摆出正反两方面观点的基础上，通过论证、推理辩论等手段，试图让读者最终接受作者对这一主题的某种观点。
尽管有时也不一定非常明确的交待正反观点，但力图通过推理让读者赞同自己的观点始终是英语议论文的主要目的。
不管是在汉语中，还是在英语中，议论文都是由论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法），这三个要素构成的，这也是一个提出问题——分析问题——解决问题的过程。
因此，典型的议论文一般就由序论（提出问题，即what）、本论（分析问题，即why）和结论（解决问题，即how）三个部分构成，其具体的结构模式又有以下三种：模式一：引言段（提出观点）——正方论点心（支持作者的观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者的观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）在这种模式中，文章主体段（中间部分）的每一个部分论述一个论点，这些论点以其重要性按序排列，最有力、最重要的论点在最后面，以示强调。
模式二：引言段（提出观点）——反面意见（反方观点+作者的反驳）、正方论点1（支持作者观点的较弱论点）、正方论点2（支持作者观点的较强论点）、正方论点3（支持作者观点的最强论点）——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）在这种模式中，文章立体段的一开始就提出对立方的反面意见及作者对这种意见的反驳，以后各部分仍分别陈述作者的不同论点。
模式三：引言段（提出观点）——反方观点1+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点2+进行反驳的正方论点、反方观点3+进行反驳的正方论点——结论段（总结+解决方法，论断或建议）在这种模式中，作者在文章主体段的每一部分都先提出一个反面观点，然后再进行反驳。
议论文有自己的语言个性，它不同于记叙文的生动形象，也不同于说明文的简明易懂。
议论是对具体事物、事理作出的理论上分析与阐述，因此，它的语言自然客观的、抽象的、概括的。
同时，它的语言也很准确，合乎逻辑。
文中会较多地使用，诸如since（既然），now that（既然），therefore（因而），in that case（在那种情况下），so（所以），It follows that…（因而…），If…，we may conclude that …（如果……，我们可以这样下结论……），Should itbe the case （如果是这样的话……），Idon’t want to…,but…（我并不想……），It is true that…,but…（诚然……但是……）,Even if …（即使……）等有辩论和推理含义的连接和过渡词语与结构，以增强语言的准确性和逻辑性。
此外，作者的写作态度一般也较诚恳，在文章中通常使用的是与读者平等交流的语气，不会给人以居高临下、以势居人、逼人接受的感觉，在遣词造句方面多使用虚拟语气、让步状语从句和can, may, might, could, would, should 等情态动词。
同学们在解答议论文体的完形填空时，首先要读懂第一节，尤其是文章的第一句话，这样就可以迅速找到文章所要论证的观点，进而理解全文的主旨大意。
其次要用心体会，作者谋篇布局的方法，了解各个段落的功能，感受作者论证的过程。
最后再循着作者的思路重读全文，推敲各空答案。
（一）If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a __36__ reason, such as your job or your studies? __37__ perhaps you are interested in the __38___, films or the music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a __39___ of the language.Most people learn best using a variety of __40__, but traditional classes are an ideal（理想的）start for many people. They __41_ an environment where you can practice under the __42__ of someone who’s good at the language. We all lead __43__ lives and learning a language takes __44__. You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a __45__. It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes __46__.Many people start learning a language and soon give up. “I’m too __47__,” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more __48__ than adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any __49__. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. I’ve also heard people __50__ about the mistakes they make when __51__. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes __52__ you’re much less likely to make them again.Learning a new language is never __53__. But with some work and devotion, you’ll make progress. And you’ll be __54__ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in __55__ own language. Good luck!36. A. technical B. political C. practical D. physical37. A. After B. So C. Though D. Or38. A literature B. transport C. Agriculture D. medicine39. A view B. knowledge C. form D. database40. A paintings B. regulations C. methods D. computers41. A. protect B. change C. respect D. provide42. A. control B. command C. guidance D. pressure43. A. busy B. happy C. simple D. normal44. A. courage B. time C. energy D. place45. A. theory B. business C. routine D. project46. A. some risks B. a lot less C. some notes D. a lot more47. A. old B. nervous C. weak D. tired48. A. closely B. quickly C. privately D. quietly49. A. age B. speed C. distance D. school50. A. worry B. hesitate C. think D. quarrel51. A. singing B. working C. bargaining D. learning52. A. if B. and C. but D. before53. A. tiresome B. hard C. interesting D. easy54. A. blamed B. amazed C. interrupted D. informed55. A. their B. his C. our D, your[定文体抓主旨]：本文是一篇关于学习新语言的议论文。
首先要搞清楚学习的原因；然后谈到定期学习更容易成功，贵在坚持，不要怕犯错误，多努力，一定会取得进步的。
本篇难度：容易。
[篇章结构]：[解析]：36．C。
根据下文暗示解题。
根据下文such as your job or your studies可知是实用的（practical）理由。
其余三选项分别意为：技术的；政治的；身体的，物理的。
37．D。
把握句间的逻辑关系。
此句与前句同为第一句所提到的关于学习一种新语言的原因，两者之间为选择关系，故选or。
38．A。
利用词汇间的逻辑关系解题。
四个选项中，与语言学习关系最密切，且能和films 和music并列的，就是A选项literature（文学）。
其余三个选项分别意为：交通；农业；医药。
39．B。
考查固定结构。
have a good knowledge of something意为：精通，掌握，对…很熟悉。