大学体验英语视听说教程4unit7教师用书

Unit 7 Coping with the Climate CrisisFamous QuoteIf you want to go quickly, go alone; if you want to go far, go together. We have to go far, quickly.— Al GoreAlbert Arnold Gore Jr. （1948 — ）：US politician, former Vice President ofthe United States from the year of 1993 to 2001. He was born in WashingtonD.C. He is also a world famous environmentalist, author of New York TimesBestsellers An Inconvenient Truth , Earth In The Balance , and Assault OnReason — and co-recipient of the 2007 Nobel Peace Pr ize for “informing theworld of the dangers posed by climate change.”Unit OverviewDue to global warming, glaciers are shrinking, snow is disappearing. The global climate has apparently changed and has great impact on human life. It ’s high time that human beings began to fight against the climate crisis. In this unit, some solutions and suggestions to cope with global climate crisis will be presented. Students will consider the global climate crisis and how to cope with it through listening, watching and reading. Various activities will inspire the students to talk about the ways to cope with the impact of climate crisis on human life by using the words and expressions in this unit. And finally, they will conduct a poll on “Water Using Habits of College Students ” with their peers.In this unit, you will∙ consider global climate crisis and how to cope with it through listening, viewing and reading ∙ discuss the impact of global climate crisis on your daily life through guided activities ∙ conduct a poll of your peers on “Water Using Habits of College Students ”∙ pick up useful words and expressions∙ learn to reflect on your own learning and comment on that of your peers∙ learn to think independently, critically and creativelyBackground InformationA global climate crisis is when weather and climate conditions cause long-term changes to our environment, worldwide droughts, flooding, food supply shortages, and when these climate changes have an effect on the overall life for every person on this planet, and affect future generations. NY Times 9/13/2009. Mexico is enduring its worst drought in six decades. Crops are drying up in the fields and water is being rationed in the capital. Forty percent of the farmland has been affected by the drought, per government inspectors. Guatemala declared "a state of calamity" last week because the drought has caused large crop damages.The global climate crisis has an effect on life on earth in many respects. As for the present situation of drinking water, Al Gore says in hi s famous speech,“In the Himalayas, the third largestmass of ice, at the top you see new lakes, which a few years ago were glaciers. 40 percent of all the people in the world get half of their drinking water from that melting flow. In the Andes, this glacier is the source of drinking water for this city. The flows have increased. But when they go away, so does much of the drinking water. In California there has been a 40 percent decline in the Sierra snowpack. This is hitting the reservoirs. And the predic tions, as you've read, are serious.”There are some books and one film on global warming by Al Gore.An Inconvenient Truth: The Planetary Emergency of Global Warming and What We Can Do About It is a 2006 book released in conjunction with the film An Inconvenient Truth. In the book, Al Gore relates the fast pace and wide scope of global warming. Next, followed Our Choice: A Plan to Solve the Climate Crisis published in November 2009 in which he provides many solutions to fighting against the global climate crisis.Topic Preview1. Read the passage on page X and learn the useful expressions related to global climate change.2. Log on line and search for information concerning the new book entitled Our Choice: A Plan to Solve the Climate Crisis, written by Al Gore, and information about world water shortage.Lesson OneLead inTask 1 Describing the Picture1. When did the UN summit on climate change take place in Copenhagen?Answer: Last month, i.e. in December, 2009.2. Why is the global pressure on freshwater resources increasing?Answer:Because changes in global population and income levels have led to an increase in demand for water intensive products and the world’s apparent warming climate has caused fresh water reserves to fall across the globe.3. What is a water footprint?Answer: A water footprint is an indicator of water use that looks at both direct and indirect water use of a consumer or producer.4. What put additional stress on the provision of clean water from dwindling reserves?Answer: It is undoubted that increasing population, industry, economic growth and urbanization put additional stress on the provision of clean water from dwindling reserves.5. What does IPCC predict?Answer:It predicts that by the year 2050 around 60 percent of the world’s population will experience severe water shortages, with 33 percent thought to be already under water stress.Read through the words in the left-hand column, and match each of them with the appropriate meaning in the right-hand column.1. purification A.pipe or channel that carries away sewage or other unwanted liquid2. drain B.making sth. pure by removing dirty, harmful or foreign substances3. object to C.investigate or examine4. recycle D.respond5. look into E.say that one is not in favor6. react F.treat (used material)so that it can be used againKey: 1-B 2-A 3-E 4-F 5-C 6-DAudio StudioWord Bank1. resort v. to adopt sth. as an expedient 采取某手段或方法应急或作为对策2. viable adj. sound and workable切实可行的3. wary adj. looking out for possible danger or difficulty（对可能发生的危险或困难）留意的，小心的1. What have people done to increase water supply in Orange County?A) They have found a new source of water.B) They have built a new water purification plant.C) They have imported water from abroad.2. Where does the new water come from?A) It comes from the sea water.B) It comes from the rain water.C) It comes from the recycled water.Listen to the clip again and answer the following questions.1. Why do many Californian cities have to consider new sources of drinking water?Answer:Because of low reservoirs and dry forecasts ahead.2. Is using recycled water a viable solution, according to Mr. Mike Wehner?Answer:Yes, it is.3. Can all the people accept recycled water as drinking water in Orange County?Answer: No, some of them don’t want to take the chance.Source/templates/story/story.php?storyId=17354825Video StudioWord Bank1. destined adj.having a future which has been decided or planned beforehand注定，命中注定2. sewer n. underground pipe or passage that carries sewage away to betreated or purified 下水道，阴沟3. sanitation n.systems that protect people’s health 卫生系统4. distill v.to turn (a liquid) to vapour by heating, then collect the drops ofliquid that condense from the vapour when cooled 蒸馏5. facility n circumstances，equipment，etc. that make it possible, or easier,to do sth. 能够或易于做某事的环境、设备等6. reclamation n. recovering (raw material) from waste products (从废品中)回收（原料）7. gallon n. measure for liquids 加仑（液体单位）8. discharge v. to give or send out (liquid, gas, etc.) 排放9. sift v. to separate sth. from sth. by putting it through a sieve 筛分（某物）10. filter n. device containing paper, sand, cloth, etc. used to hold back anysolid material or impurities in a liquid or gas passed through it过滤器11. pharmaceutical n. medicine 药物12. purging adj. making clean 使洁净的13. intensity n. the state or quality of being intense or strong 强烈14. creepy adj.causing or having an unpleasant feeling of fear or horror 令人毛骨悚然的~iness n.15. outweigh v. to be greater in weight, value or importance than (sth.) 在重量、价值或重要性上超过（某事物）16. tout v. to try to get people to buy (one’s goods or services), especiallyin an annoying insistent way 兜售（货物）Complete the following statements with the phrases given below. Predict what will be talked about in the video. Then check your answers after watching the video clip.in short supply breaking down Brings upno doubt kind of1. Clean, clear water, it is in short supply here in Orange County.2. Then it runs through another filter to remove any viruses or pharmaceuticals and finally, the watergets a purging bake in high intensity light, breaking down anything that’s left. The result?3. Brings up concerns of, what we’re looking for, what we’re not looking for, what we don’t know.4. While there is no doubt Southern California needs more water, some say this is a little hard toswallow.5. Even though, I know that they’ve uh, filtered it 3 times, it’s just, just kind of creepy.1. How much does the reclamation plant cost??Answer:Nearly half billion dollars.2. How much water can it treat every day?Answer:70 million gallons.3. Is this plant the only model for the entire world?Answer: No, Singapore already has one.4. How does the water taste finally?Answer: It tastes like distilled water.5. When will the water be used?Answer: In as little as six months.Watch the video clip. Identify the incorrect information in the following statements, and make corrections where necessary.1. The plant runs sewage that would have been discharged to the sea through a 2-step purification.Correction: The plant runs sewage that would have been discharged to the sea, through a 3-step purification process.2. Any solid particle, larger than, 1/30th the size of a human hair would remain on the outside.Correction: Any solid particle, larger than, 1/300th the size of a human hair would remain on the outside.3. One environmental group has conservations about what they call the limits of such tests.Correction:One environmental group has reservations about what they call the limits of such tests.4. But many say the benefits just may be equal with the creepiness.Correction: But many say the benefits just may outweigh the creepiness.5. I think it’s about time we resettled everything.Correction: I think it’s about time we recycled everything.SourceSpeaking WorkshopExpressions & Structures to Useaudio and video clips. Then prepare an oral presentation with the help of the tips.described. You are expected to share your ideas and justify yourself in this process. Use as many phrases from the “Expressions & Structures to Use” box as possible.Situation1. Work in groups of four. One acts as a grandma, and the other three group members act as herfamily members: grandpa, son/daughter-in-law, and grandson/granddaughter. The grandma tries to persuade her family members to save water in every possible way, while the family members try to make her suggestion less important with convincing reasons.2. You have 15 minutes to discuss within your own group.3. Several groups will be selected to present their role plays. The rest of the class will vote for one ofthe families they feel happiest to support in each group’s performance.Project BulletinWork on the following real-life project with your group members and present your report in the next class.Real-life ProjectWork in a group of six to eight. As a workgroup from the University Water-Saving Committee, you are assigned to conduct a poll on “Water Using Habits of College Students”. Design a questionnaire which can gather the information on the good habits and bad habits of using water in college students’life. Ask students in your university to fill in the questionnaires. Summarize and analyze the answers. Then present a report on the poll which includes effective solutions to how to improve bad habits and save water as much as possible.Lesson TwoLead inTask 1 BrainstormingWork in pairs and answer the following questions.1. Can you list the changes caused by the climate crisis?Answers: The earth is getting warmer; glaciers are melting faster than before; the sea levels are rising; there are many natural disasters such as earthquakes, storms, droughts, floods, etc.2. What led to the climate crisis? What are the possible solutions to it?Answers: Industrialization and urbanization are likely to be the cause. Humans depend too much on fossil fuels and have emitted too much CO2 into the atmosphere and made the earth warmer.To develop alternative energy, e.g. wind power and solar power, may be the best way to solve the climate crisis.meaning in the right-hand column.1. strengthen A. use money to buy shares, property, etc. in order to earn interest or bringprofit2. campaign B. find a way of dealing with or solving a problem3. awareness C. series of planned activities with a particular social, commercial orpolitical aim4. overcome D. cause sth./sb. to become stronger5. obstacle E. having knowledge or realization of sb./sth.6. invest in F. thing in the way that either stops progress or makes it difficultKey: 1-D 2-C 3-E 4-B 5-F 6-AAudio StudioWord Bank1. signal v. to make a signal or signals 发信号2. heal v. to cure sb. (of a disease) 治愈某人（的疾病）3. alliance n. union or association formed for mutual benefit, especially betweencountries or organizations联盟4. campaign n. series of planned activities with a particular social, commercial orpolitical aim 运动（为某一社会的、商业的或政治的目的而进行的一系列有计划的活动）5. initiative n. action taken to resolve a difficulty为解决困难而采取的行动6. unify v. to form (sth.) into a single unit or make uniform使统一7. encompass v. to include or comprise sth. 包含或包括某事物8. grassroots n. ordinary people in society, as opposed to those who make decisions平民百姓9. consolidate v. to (cause sth. to) become more solid, secure, or strong 使某事情巩固；加固；加强10. solvability n. being able to be solved 可解决性Listen to the audio clip, and choose the right answers to the questions.1. What is the audio clip mainly about?A) The Alliance for Climate Protection.B) The unification of two organizations.C) The Climate Project.2. What is the purpose of this unification?A) To educate people.B) To solve the climate crisis.C) To strengthen the existing campaigns and initiatives.sentences after you have completed them.1. The unified organization will now encompass: official branches in 8 countries; more than 200staff working in 30 offices across the United States; more than 3,000 volunteers personally trained by Vice President Gore in 55 countries who have raised awareness of more than 7 million people.2. We are pleased to be joining forces at this critical time in our movement to solve the climatecrisis.3. Since 2006, The Climate Project has built an effective grassroots movement of climate changeeducators around the world.4. We look forward to consolidating our efforts and strengthening the common platform.5. Both organizations were founded in 2006 and share the common goal of educating people aboutthe urgency and solvability of the climate crisis.SourceVideo StudioWord Bank1. hoax n. mischievous trick played on sb. for a joke 恶作剧2. perpetrate v. to commit ( a crime, etc.) 犯（罪等）3. raging adj. extreme 极端的4. arcane adj. secret秘密的5. unprecedented adj. never having happened, been done or been known before 前所未有的6. destabilize v. to shake 使动摇7. unfold v. to be revealed or made known （使事物）显露，展现8. masquerade v. to pretend to be sth. one is not伪装为某事情9. abstraction n. abstract idea 抽象概念10 consensus n. agreement in opinion意见一致11. infrastructure n. stock of fixed capital equipment in a country (e.g. roads, railways,power-stations, water supply, etc.)基础设施（国家的固定基本设施，如公路、铁路、发电站、供水装置等）12. synchronize v. to operate, move, turn, etc. at the same time, speed, etc. （使某事物）同步13. emerge v. to come out or up 出来14. grid n. system of electric-power cables for distributing power evenly over alarge area 输电网15. outsource v. to obtain goods or services from an outside supplier 外包Complete the following statements with the phrases given below. Predict what will be talked about in the video. Then check your answers after watching the video clip.close to devoted to vulnerable toin terms of1. When we talk about public opinion, it’s dropped a little bit in terms of whether or not globalwarming is caused by humans.2. They’re close to getting a final agreement.3. The evergreen trees of the American west are dying by the millions because the warming trend ismaking them vulnerable to pests that they could resist in the colder weather in which theyevolved.4. Many countries devoted even far, even larger percentages of that stimulus to building greeninfrastructure.1. What happened to the north polar ice cap? Answer: The north polar ice cap is melting and 40% of it is gone.2. What do melting mountain glaciers threaten? Answer: Melting mountain glaciers threaten drinking water supplies.3. What needs to be done, according to the book Our Choice ? Answer: We have to overcome change in the way we think, the cost of carbon and the politicalobstacles.4. Which two countries did very well in building green infrastructure, according to Gore ?Answer: China and South Korea.5. In what aspects will China overtake the United States? Answer: In wind power and solar power.Watch the video clip and complete the tables.SourceSpeaking WorkshopExpressions & Structures to Useaudio and video clips. Then prepare an oral presentation with the help of the tips.Task 2 DebatingDebate on the motion Human beings should be responsible for the climate change. Pros and Cons of the motion provided in the box, and develop your own arguments. During the debate, you are expected to justify yourself, challenge the opposite view and respond to your opponents properly and skillfully.Alternative debate: Developed countries should spend more money healing the earth.Teamwork showTask 1 Team ReviewIn each group, discuss with each other how you designed and researched your project and reflect on what you have learnt in the process. You should consider the areas of agreement and disagreement Task 2 Project ReportPresent your project to the class and hand in your report. Include in your comments to the class reflections on the areas of agreement and disagreement within your group as established inTask 1 above.Task 3 Challenging & DefendingAfter each group ’s presentation, other students in the class should raise questions and make suggestions. Members of the group should respond when challenged.Home ListeningListen to the audio clip and fill in the blanks with the exact words or sentences. You are expected to do it after class and check the answers on your own.Want to help stop global warming? Here are some simple things you can do, plus the amount of carbon dioxide you’ll save.Change a light. 1) Replacing one regular light bulb with a compact fluorescent light bulb will save 150 pounds of carbon dioxide a year. Drive less. Walk, bike, 2) carpool or take mass transit more often. You’ll save one pound of carbon dioxide for every mile you don’t drive! Recycle more. You can save 2,400 pounds of carbon dioxide per year by recycling just half of your 3) household waste. Check your tires. Keeping your tires inflated properly can improve 4) gas mileage by more than 3%. Every gallon of gasoline saved keeps 20 pounds of carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere! Use less hot water. It takes a lot of energy to heat water. Use less hot water by installing a 5) low-flow showerhead and washing your clothes in cold or warm water. Avoid products with a lot of 6) packaging. You can save 1,200 pounds of carbon dioxide if you cut down your garbage by 10%. Adjust your thermostat. The simple adjustment of moving your thermostat down just 2 degrees in winter and up 2 degrees in summer could save you about 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a year. Plant a tree. A single tree will 7) absorb one ton of carbon dioxide over its lifetime. Turn off electronic devices. Simply turning off your television, DVD player, 8) stereo and computer when you’re not using them will save you thousands of pounds of carbon dioxide a year. Try Meatless Mondays. 9) Skipping meat one day per week would help save over 35,000 gallons of water. Unplug.10) Unplugging hair dryers, phone chargers, toaster ovens and power cords when not in use can save up to 20% on home energy use.Source/pdf/AIT-TwelveThingsToDo.pdfAppendix Supplementary ReadingUnit 7 Coping with the Climate CrisisSource/news/global-water-shortage/。