BPE手册
BPE管理手册知识培训
目标分解在管理中，关键绩效指标将根据管理层级层层分解在东风小康，我们将指标体系分为一级、二级、三级。
其中：一级指标：是指公司确定下达到各单位（工厂）的指标二级指标：是指各单位（工厂）确定下达到各部门的指标三级指标：是指各部门内部分解指标目标分解（范例）不要陷入指标的泥潭小朋友打酱油妈妈叫儿子去买瓶酱油回来结果小朋友贪玩，半个小时才将酱油买回来妈妈很生气，于是要求儿子下次买酱油不能超过10分钟第二次，小朋友图省事，在楼下小卖部花了十块钱买酱油妈妈又很生气，说太贵了，于是要求儿子下次买酱油不能超过5元钱第三次，小朋友兴冲冲按照妈妈的要求买到了酱油，一不小心，摔了一跤，结果摔坏了手臂，酱油也撒了一地妈妈知道后又很生气，教训儿子下次买酱油一定要注意安全小朋友认识到，妈妈要他安全、快捷、便宜地买回酱油下次妈妈再叫他打酱油时，他开始注意妈妈的嘱咐，结果小朋友过于注重价格，买了一瓶劣质酱油回来妈妈一看，这种酱油炒菜味道不好，对儿子说，下次买酱油要挑牌子小朋友迷糊了，便宜没好货，牌子货又太贵，怎么办？小朋友于是决定，下次买的时候打电话问妈妈，这样就不会犯错误了。
―――― ? 关键绩效指标是对业务目标成败具有决定意义的衡量指标内容提纲背景介绍 BPE总论推进BPE 的流程、职责&方法 BPE的关键绩效指标 BPE 运行管理 BPE项目的绩效管理：BPE评估考核 BPE运行业务计划编制业务计划报告关键绩效指标公司一级指标工厂关键绩效指标现场绩效管理工具方法现场应用效果现场改善成果问题清单改进问题清单 BPE评估是对业务管理的过程指导和改进，目的是识别差距，不断改进。
确保业务活动满足公司目标要求目视管理目视化管理的指导方针：不同层次目视不同信息。
只公布能给班组/工段/部门直接施加影响或让他们有特殊兴趣的信息。
保持并更新BPE板的信息对目视结果负责的经理应更新信息使用PDCA循环来目视信息更新要求及方法定期检查BPE目视墙(各级BPE的更新频次如下) 各单位（工厂）BPE：每月一次部门BPE：每周一次在计划上对延期、附加或改变均加以注释。
PQE工作手册3.15
PQE工作手册一.每日工作重點每日工作內容：（見附表）二.試產與量產品質管控辦法1.試產品的品質管控验证合格后，供应商生产分模穴标识，Taisol0制程依会议决定，组装搭配，外箱标识；1.PIN不導通分析：e.客户（纬创）特殊要求，多模穴组合均需提供FAI ，每组合2PCS ，PQE 需先准备样品，FQC 执行；注：考虑BASE ，Plate 多模穴，搭配组合过多，验证时间过长，PQE 可召开会议，指定组合验证；d.pin 必须与BASE/PLATE 各穴组装确认其过炉前后多阶段插卡PIN 高的变化，耐久以及PIN 与卡的接触阻抗；3.多模具多模穴必须作以下验证：a.BASE 须验证过炉前后的变异（core9030），插拔力，耐久，若PLATE/COVER 也有多模穴，必须各种组合搭配验证；b.plate 分穴组装成品做耐久及过炉前后多阶段插卡PIN 高的变化，若PIN 与BASE 也有多模穴，必须各种组合搭配验证；c.cover 必须与BASE 各穴组装成成品确认其组合间隙，耐久及过炉吃锡状况；以上試產量產品的重點工站的管控要在QC-PLAN和IPQC巡檢文件中嚴格管控2.3.空焊分析4.PUSH 功能不良分析1、制程穩定性隱患的管控第 10 頁，共 12 頁管控表格見附件3對當日所發現的品質隱患填入品質隱患追蹤表內進行追蹤(如附件4)六.PQE文件制訂規范1.文件內容的制訂：PFMEA的制訂：1)制訂PFMEA前首先應熟悉，懂得其涵義及明白表單內容.（見附件PFMEA表單1）.2) 懂得和熟悉PFMEA內容後根據產品的工程圖，試產量產問題點和相關客訴問題對應PFMEA表單來制訂具體內容3)根據隱患追蹤表裡面的內容隨時更新PFMEA,針對PFMEA每月與PEE/PE檢討一次改善。
4)PFMEA制訂時的注意事項：A.產品的失效模式和失效影響都必須真實，且對制程的管控和採取的措施都對其失效模式有針對性.B.當產品失效模式的風險指數超過100時，須有相關的改善措施並對措施進行跟進.C.失效模式改善前後其失效模式的嚴重度必須一致，不可有改善後失效模式嚴重度有變化的現象.D.PFMEA中必須有重點管控點的SPEC及說明QC PLAN的制訂：1)制訂QC PLAN前首先也必須熟悉明白其表單內容.（見附件2 QC PLAN表單）.2)根據PFMEA中制程管制計劃和改善措施與產線各工站對應制訂產品的管控方法，並簡明描述管控重點.3)QC-PLAN要根據產線和客戶的狀況隨時更新管控辦法4)QC PLAN制訂時的注意事項：A.PFMEA中對制程的管控在QC PLAN中必須得到體現.B.QC PLAN管控方法須正確且前後一致.C.QC PLAN中必須有重點管控點的SPEC及說明制程SIP的制訂：1)熟悉，明白制程SIP表單及其內容.2)根據QC PLAN中管控方法和管控點，參照《制程檢驗規范》詳細描述產品各加工工站對人機物料的管控與檢驗.3) 制程SIP的制訂時的注意事項：A.制程SIP制訂時須根據公司實際情況與客戶要求相結合.B.制程SIP中的各作業流程工站須與QC PLAN中的流程工站相對應.C.制程SIP須對QC PLAN中的管制點進行詳細的描述，且重點管制點有明確SPEC及說明.第 11 頁，共 12 頁六.報告、報表的管理與歸檔1.報告、報表管理與歸檔的順序和原則：成品SIP的制訂：.1)熟悉，明白成品SIP表單及其內容.2)按QC PLAN中管控方法和管控點及《成品檢驗規范》制訂詳細具體的檢測方法與成品檢驗標準.3)成品SIP的制訂時的注意事項：A. 制程SIP制訂時須根據公司實際情況與客戶要求相結合.B.成品檢驗中檢測標準須符合檢驗標準.4)要制定成品檢驗SOP，讓FQC的檢驗次序和方法一致，防止漏檢顯目。
bpe算法调用
BPE（Byte Pair Encoding）算法是一种用于处理NLP任务的算法，主要用于解决NMT任务中的OOV（out-of-vocabulary）问题。
以下是BPE算法的调用过程：
1. 准备数据：首先需要准备要进行分词的数据，通常是一段文本。
2. 构建词汇表：将文本中的单词统计出来，并按照单词出现的频率制作成词汇表。
3. 初始化解码器：初始化一个解码器，用于将分词结果解码成原始文本。
4. 训练模型：使用BPE算法对分词模型进行训练，通过不断地优化模型参数，提高分词的准确率。
5. 进行分词：将待分词的文本输入到训练好的分词模型中，得到分词结果。
6. 结果处理：对分词结果进行进一步的处理，例如去除停用词、词性标注等。
7. 评估效果：对分词结果进行评估，可以通过准确率、召回率等指标来衡量分词效果的好坏。
8. 优化模型：根据评估结果对分词模型进行优化，以提高分词的准确率。
以上是BPE算法的基本调用过程，具体实现可能会因不同的任务和数据集而有所不同。
需要注意的是，BPE算法需要对数据进行预处理和后处理，例如去除标点符号、大小写转换等，以确保分词
结果的准确性。
高纯度、BPE球阀安装与维护指南说明书
Contents1SCOPE (2)2INSTALLATION (2)3VALVE OPERATION (3)4DISASSEMBLY (4)5ASSEMBLY (4)6REPAIR KITS (5)7BILL OF MATERIALS (6)1SCOPE1.1CAUTION1.1.1For your safety, read this manual before installation or servicing.1.1.2Before installing or servicing, please ensure the line pressure has been relieved and any hazardous fluids havebeen drained or purged from the system.1.1.3Ensure that all Lockout and Tagout procedures for the system have been properly implemented.1.2USE1.2.1A-T Controls HP-Series Ball Valve are available in Hygienic Ferrule Ends (½” & ¾” Type A, 1”-4” Type B) orExtended Tube Butt Weld Ends.1.2.2Maximum results and optimum valve life can be maintained under normal service conditions and in accordancewith pressure/temperature ratings and corrosion data charts.2INSTALLATION2.2A-T Controls HP-Series Ball Valves are bi-directional and can be installed with the flow in either direction. Thevalve can be mounted in any position so that the handle, gear, or actuator has proper clearance, allows foroptimal drainage, can be easily accessed, and the open/close indicator can be viewed. If the gear is equipped witha chain wheel, the valve shall be mounted in a way so that the chain does not come in contact with the valve orpipeline.2.3Before installation of the valves, the pipe must be flushed clean of dirt, burrs, and welding residues. Failure to doso can cause the seats, sealing surfaces, and internal polish to be damaged.2.4The pipe must be free from tension and in proper alignment.2.5Before installation of the valves, check to ensure that all connections are free from defects.2.6Be sure to consult with supplier of your clamps and gaskets to be used on the hygienic ends for the propermaterial, pressure rating, and clamp torque for your process. Over torqueing clamps may result in damage to the ferrule end.2.7Disassembly of the valve is not necessary for tube end valves. However, caution should be taken to ensure thatthe heat source does not come in contact with the sealing components of the valve in excess of the sealingcomponent temperature limitation.3VALVE OPERATION3.1MANUAL3.1.1HandleTo open the valve, turn the handle counter-clockwise until the handle is parallel with the pipeline andthe handle has contacted the handle stop.To close the valve, turn the handle clockwise until the handle is perpendicular with the pipeline and thehandle has contact the handle stop.An optional locking device can be provided to lock out the valve in the open or closed position. Once thevalve is in the desired position, place an appropriate size lock or hasp through the holes in the lockingarm and locking plate. If it can be performed safely, try to turn to ensure that the valve has been lockedproperly.3.1.2GearTo OPEN the valve; turn the hand wheel counter-clockwise. The indicator will be pointing to the openposition and stop rotating when fully opened. The flow can be adjusted by stopping the indicatoranywhere between open and close.To CLOSE the valve; turn the hand wheel clockwise. The indicator will be pointing to the close positionand the hand wheel will stop rotating when fully closed. The flow can be adjusted by stopping theindicator anywhere between open and close.3.2AUTOMATEDA-T Controls HP-Series High Purity Ball Valves can be mounted with quarter turn actuators. Valves withactuators shall be checked for proper valve stem alignment. Angular or linear misalignments may resultin high operational torque and unnecessary wear on the valve stem. See the actuator IOM forinformation on operating the actuator.4DISASSEMBLYWARNINGCAUTION, FLUIDS CAN BE TRAPPED IN THE BODY OF THE VALVE, POSSIBILY UNDER HIGH PRESSURE. FOR YOUR SAFETY, IT IS IMPORTANT THAT PRECAUTIONS ARE TAKEN BEFORE REMOVAL OF THE VALVE FROM THE LINE OR ANY DISASSEMBLY.4.1Remove actuator or gear if equipped.4.2Care should be taken to not damage the surface finish of the valve components.4.3Remove the ends (2/3) from the body by removing the body bolts (7) and body nuts (8).4.4Remove the seat/body gasket (5) from both sides of the body (1). Once removed, with the valve in the fully closedposition, the ball (4) should slide freely out of the body (1).4.5If equipped, remove the handle nut (13), handle (15), handle stop (16), and locking device (17/18). Once removed,the locking saddle (14) should be free to remove.4.6While holding the stem (6) stationary, remove the packing nut (13). Once removed, the conical spring washers(12) and packing gland (11) should be free to remove.4.7While holding the bottom of the stem (6), push the stem (6) through the inside of the valve body (1).4.8Remove the packing set (10) and thrust bearing (9).4.9Inspect all components for damage and if necessary clean or replace.5ASSEMBLY5.1Care should be taken to not damage the surface finish of the valve components.5.2Place thrust bearing (9) on the stem (6) and install it by going through the body (1). Insert V-Style packing set (10)over stem (6) with the V pointing away from the valve (see Bill of Materials for correct orientation).5.3Install the packing gland (11), the conical spring washers (12), and packing nut (13). While holding the stem (6),tighten the packing nut (13) to the torque listed in the Fastener Torque Chart. Place the locking saddle (14) over the nut (13). Tighten further if needed in order to be able to place the locking saddle (14) over the packing nut(13).5.4Ensure that the stem (6) is in the closed position with the bottom tang parallel with the flow of the valve. Insert aseat/body gasket (5) in one side of the body (1). Carefully slide the ball (4) into body (1) and insert the otherseat/body gasket (5).5.5Assemble ends (2/3) onto body (1). Insert all body bolts (7) and nuts (8) into valve and tighten to finger tight,making sure that the ends (2/3) are flat against the body (1). Tighten all bolts (7) (on both sides for valves 2-1/2”- 4”) from the nut (8) side (if equipped) in a star pattern to 50% of the final torque shown in the Fastener Torque Chart. Using the handle (15) or an adjustable wrench, cycle the valve 3 times. Tighten all of the body bolts (7) to the final torque in a star pattern. Cycle the valve 3 times again. Check each body bolt torque (7) and tighten if needed a final time. It is acceptable for the torque to relax slightly over time due to relaxation of the polymer components, but the valve will still seal properly. If leakage is detected, repeat the steps for tightening the body bolts.5.6If required, assemble the locking device (14), handle stop (16), handle (15), and handle nut (13).Fastener Torque ChartValve SizeBody Bolt Torque (in *lbs) Packing NutTorque (in*lbs) 50% of Final Torque Final Torque1/2" 125 250 503/4" 125 250 501" 138 275 1001-1/2" 150 300 1002" 275 550 2002-1/2" 138 275 2003" 138 275 3504" 138 275 3506REPAIR KITSRepair kits are available to replace all soft goods. See Bill of Materials for components that are included in the repair kits.7BILL OF MATERIALSITEM NO. PART NAME REPAIR KIT QTY MATERIAL1 BODY 1 ASTM A182-F316L2 END CONNECTION 2 ASTM A182-F316L3 END CONNECTION 2 ASTM A182-F316L4 BALL 1 ASTM A479-316L5 SEAT/BODY GASKET X 2 TFM-1600 FDA6 STEM 1 ASTM A182-F316L7 BODY BOLT # ASTM A193 GR B88 BODY NUT & ASTM A194 GR 89 THRUST BEARING X 1 TFM-1600 FDA10 PACKING SET X 1 TFM-1600 FDA11 PACKING GLAND 1 ASTM A276-31612 CONICAL SPRING WASHER 2 ASTM A167-30213 PACKING/HANDLE NUT 2 ASTM A276-31614 LOCKING SADDLE 1 ASTM A167-30215 HANDLE 1 ASTM A240-30416 HANDLE STOP 1 ASTM A276-31617 LOCKING ARM 1 AISI 304SS18 LOCKING PLATE 1 AISI 304SS# FOR 1/2"-2" - 4 PCS; FOR 2-1/2" - 20 PCS; FOR 3" - 16 PCS, FOR 4" -24 PCS& FOR 1/2"-2" - 4 PCS; FOR 2-1/2"-4" - 0 PCSA-T Controls product, when properly selected, is designed to perform its intended function safely during its useful life. However, the purchaser or user of A-T Controls products should be aware that A-T Controls products might be used in numerous applications under a wide variety of industrial service conditions. Although A-T Controls can provide general guidelines, it cannot provide specific data and warnings for all possible applications. The purchaser / user must therefore assume the ultimate responsibility for the proper sizing and selection, installation, operation, and maintenance of A-T Controls products. The user should read and understand the installation operation maintenance (IOM) instructions included with the product and train its employees and contractors in the safe use of A-T Controls products in connection with the specific application.While the information and specifications contained in this literature are believed to be accurate, they are supplied for informative purposes only. Because A-T Controls is continually improving and upgrading its product design, the specifications, dimensions and information contained in this literature are subject to change without notice. Should any question arise concerning these specifications, the purchaser/user should contact A-T Controls.For product specifications go to https:///Downloads/A-T Controls, Inc. • 9955 International Boulevard, Cincinnati, OH 45246 • Phone: (513) 530-5175 • Fax: (513) 247-5462 • 。
基础管理之业务计划执行(BPE)培训
负责部门/人
精益办 精益委员会 精益委员会 精益办 各部门 各部门 精益办 精益委员会 精益委员会 精益办 精益委员会 公司领导及各部门
季度报告
梳理经营 思路
公司业务
计划执行
月度回顾 与改进
编制年度 业务计划
17
年度业务计划格式
目的：
三条 序 关 主线 号 键
项目内容
工厂2011年精益管理年度业务计划
19
年度业务计划发布
传 达 并 确 认 计 划：不要想当然地认为公司员工了解最 后的决策和最终计划的讨论内容。必须通过以下多种形式 传达、宣贯公司的年度业务计划：
年度业务计划启动会 公司年度业务计划的逐级宣贯会 印制年度业务计划中关键指标，并发给员工 抽查员工对关键指标的了解程度 ……
20
课程大纲
建立现场生产计划目视管理墙 建立计划交接沟通会议制度
缺员 减少缺勤
开展称职员工项目 设立全勤奖
提高员工稳定性
制定工厂出勤管理制度
提高员工技能
建立导师带徒管理办法 制定关键岗位技能培训教案并培训员工
加强团队协作
车间主任与圆环共代表谈心（1次/2周） 开展班组长/员工轮岗活动
31
部门业务计划执行BPE
基层团队
Input 投 入 Implementation 实 施
Tracking 跟 踪
9
业务计划的目的
业务计划执行的目的是在组织内部实现横向和纵向的统一 ，使我们能够以有效的方式来实现同样的目标。其结果是 我们作为一个整体而共同工作，推动业务不断改进。
VISION 宗旨
PlantManager 总经理
现场改善
宗旨
确认站 质量审计 全面客户评审 3*3*3 一分钟质量检查
《BPE管理手册》知识培训
•组织现场回顾 •整体项目状态的评估 •差距分析 •认可与激励
深圳路创企业管理咨询有限公司
Check 检查
Do 实施
•失败和错误是发 展团队成员的重要 机会 •标准化 •资源协调
13/70
充分展现PDCA原则的BPE目视墙
P：年度 业务计划 D：关键
指标
C：状态 跟进
深圳路创企业管理咨询有限公司
A：问题清单
管理层次 关键成功因素
小康精益生产成长历程
所处阶段及状态
管理发展 管理改进 问题解决
管理理念 管理目标 管理方法
系统 深入
全员 参与
精益 方法
系统化：抓领 导团队
管理理念 管理原则
以管理模式促 进公司成长
专业化：抓机制流程，
抓专业团队
业务管理流程 绩效激励机制
东风 小康
以五项原则统 领经营
规范化：抓现场、抓自主团队建 设
课长 工程课
课长
蒋明炜
支持人 周慎昶 黄建兵 黄建兵 刘良琼 蒋明炜
周林 陈武泽
刘良琼
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
支持签字
备注
公司一级指标及工厂关键指标
1.1
分解质量指标，并落实统计方法
100%量产车型
徐放明 周慎昶
方法
1.2
ISO9001体系内部审核及问题整改
1.3
ISO9001体系——完善工厂二、三级程序文件
蒋明炜 韩竖勤
韩竖勤
蒋明炜 韩竖勤 蒋明炜 韩竖勤
周林 周林 刘良琼 梁家洪
12/70
策略二：PDCA循环 PDCA是业务计划执行的基础
•差距关闭计划 •资源调度
FreedomCAR功率辅助型电池测试手册
录
3
功率辅助型混合电动车电池测试手册
3.10.2日历寿命测试程序 3.10.3日历寿命测试制度 3.10.4 可供选择的日历寿命测试 3.11参考性能测试 3.12阻抗图谱测试 3.13模块控制检验测试（模块水平测试） 3.14 热管理负荷（系统级测试） 3.15 结合寿命验证的系统水平测试 4. 测试结果的分析和报告 4.1概要 4.2静态容量测试 4.2.1 容量衰减 4.3混合脉冲功率性能测试 4.3.1开路电压 4.3.2计算作为放电深度函数的阻抗特性曲线 4.3.3脉冲功率能力 4.3.4 有效能量 4.3.5 有效功率 4.3.6 功率和能量衰减 4.3.7最小和最大DOD值 4.3.8脉冲功率性能制度电压响应 4.3.9其他实验室单体性能测试特性 4.3.10 在生产商没有提供时确定电池组的尺寸因子 4.4自放电测试 4.5冷启动测试 4.6热性能测试 4.7能量效率测试 4.8运行设置点稳定性测试 4.9循环寿命测试 4.10 日历寿命测试 4.11 参考性能测试 4.12模块控制校验测试
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功率辅助型混合电动车电池测试手册
缩略语
ac Ah ASI BOL BSF DOD EMI EOL EV HEV HPPC INEEL OCV OSPS PNGV SOC USABC 交流电 安时 比表面电阻 寿命开始 电池尺寸因子 放电深度 电磁干扰 寿命终止 电动车 混合电动车 混合脉冲功率性能 Idaho 国家工程和环境实验室 开路电压 运行设置点稳定性 新一代车辆组织 充电状态 美国先进电池联合会
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功率辅助型混合电动车电池测试手册
4.13系统级测试 CAR测试总体测试计划纲要 附录 B— FreedomCAR测试最低测试报告 附录 C— 寿命测试的SOC控制 附录 D— HPPC数据分析方法 附录 E— 有效能量的计算 附录 F— 评价热管理能量消耗的方法 附录 G— 日历寿命测试模拟和分析工具
bpe编码词汇表-概述说明以及解释
bpe编码词汇表-概述说明以及解释1.引言1.1 概述概述:BPE（Byte Pair Encoding）是一种流行的无损数据压缩技术，常用于自然语言处理领域中的词分割和子词分割任务。
本文将深入探讨BPE编码的原理、优势以及应用，希望能够为读者提供关于BPE编码的全面理解和实际应用指导。
我们将首先介绍BPE编码的基本概念，接着讨论BPE编码相对于其他编码方式的优势，最后探讨BPE编码在自然语言处理中的具体应用场景。
通过本文的阐述，读者将能够更深入地理解BPE编码的重要性，以及对未来BPE编码技术发展进行展望。
我们相信，BPE编码将在自然语言处理领域持续发挥重要作用，推动技术的不断进步。
1.2 文章结构文章结构部分的内容如下：在本文中，我们将首先介绍BPE编码是什么，其优势和应用。
随后，我们将总结BPE编码在自然语言处理领域的重要性，并展望未来的发展方向。
最后，我们将得出结论，强调BPE编码的重要性和潜力。
通过这样的结构，我们希望读者能够全面了解BPE编码，并对其在实际应用中的价值有更深入的认识。
1.3 目的本文的目的是介绍BPE编码词汇表的概念、优势以及应用。
通过深入探讨这些内容，我们希望读者能够全面了解BPE编码在自然语言处理中的重要性和实用性。
我们将详细解释BPE编码是如何帮助提高文本处理和机器翻译等任务的效率，以及它在语言模型训练和词向量表示方面的作用。
最终，我们希望读者能够认识到BPE编码在当前自然语言处理领域所扮演的关键角色，以及对未来发展的启示和指导。
2.正文2.1 什么是BPE编码:BPE编码（Byte Pair Encoding）是一种基于数据压缩算法的词汇处理技术，最初由斯坦福大学的几位研究人员提出并应用于自然语言处理领域。
BPE编码的基本思想是将原始的词汇表根据频率和规则进行合并，从而生成一个更加紧凑且高效的词汇表。
具体来说，BPE编码首先将所有的词汇按照字符划分成最小的单元，比如字母或者汉字。
最新整理ASME BPE 中文版电子教案
熔炼炉号：
受热区：贱金属未熔化部分，但是其微观结构或机械性能优于焊接或切割已经被改变。
拦截体积：在未排放之前，留在容器或管路系统中的液体体积。
水压测试：管道压力容器或受压部件的压力测试，通过注入水来测定。
用户检查员职责按照ASME B31.3 340.2部分的规定。
GR-6检查员通道
生物处理设备和部件厂商应允许在设备和部件运作时，用户和授权人员自由进入，紧急检查通知应经过厂家和检查人员的互相同意。厂家设备的组装﹑制造﹑焊接和特殊设备和部件的操作地点不允许进入。检查员有权对任何检查审核，能使用规定在设计说明（包括订购单）中的任何检查方法检查部件，能核实为满足GR-5要求的所有必要档案和证书。厂家应把工作程序更新材料提供给检察员。
自生焊接：在不增加填充物的情况下，通过对底部材料熔化进行的焊接（参考气体钨-电弧焊）。
自动焊接：在无需焊接员控制调节下进行的焊接操作，设备不用进行装卸工作（参考机械焊接）。
生物制剂：对自然资源净化而产生的诊断及治疗产品。
生物制药：经过生物处理后形成的药物。
生物处理：利用活生物体生产产品。
生物处理设备：利用活生物体生产产品所使用的设备﹑系统或器具。
GR-7厂家的质量保证程序
厂家将执行质量保证程序，对用于控制原料﹑制图﹑说明﹑制造﹑装配技术以及生物处理设备检查的系统﹑方法和程序进行描述。
GR-8公制单位
此标准的公制单位是从U.S.惯用单位变换而来，如无特殊要求，仅供参考。
GR-10术语及解释
退火：是钢处理过程中为降低硬度，提高机械加工性，促进冷加工或生产出理想的机械﹑物理以及其他性能的处理过程。
硬度计：
人造橡胶：
ASME-BPE-中文版
ASME BPE 生物加工设备GR部分一般要求GR—1 简介此标准所规定的要求，在生物处理﹑制药和私人保健品行业设备的设计非常实用.所涉及的方面包括灭菌﹑清洁﹑材质﹑尺寸﹑公差﹑表面抛光﹑原料连接和密封等。
这些应用于：（a）在制造﹑改进和提高过程中与产品﹑原料﹑产品介质直接接触的元件;（b）产品制造中主要部件系统（如WFI,清洁蒸汽,过滤和半成品贮存等）此标准不能应用于以下部分：不与成品或制造阶段介质部分直接接触的系统（如计算机系统，电气导管以及外部系统支撑结构）。
蒸汽消毒系统通常要满足压力容器设计编码.其他的设备或系统在经过厂家和用户同意下，不需要遵循这些编码。
在压力条件下操作时，系统的设计结构应分别符合ASME锅炉和压力容器编码，第VIII章节，第1部分和ASME B31.3管道处理编码，用户能对说明和要求另行规定。
当法律或强制机构（如市级,省级，州级或联邦)对此应用程序有明文规定时，最终的设计要求应符合这些法律规定。
然而，一些标准虽然不符合现在BPE标准，以前所提到的构造编码也是满足的（如焊接接受标准，检察要求,压力测试等）.GR-2 范围生物处理﹑制药﹑私人保健品行业的要求标准和其它相关的卫生高等级要求一样，覆盖物直接或间接的影响原料﹑设计﹑构造﹑压力系统(容器和管路)﹑检查﹑审核﹑测试和证明。
此标准中没有明确规定的条款和要求并不意味着禁用，工程判断一定要符合此标准的基本原理准则，不能忽略强制规定规则或此标准明确的禁用条款。
GR-3 检查此标准的每一部分都有详细的检查要求。
如果需要一个检查程序，在经过用户﹑订约人﹑检查订约人和工程师同意后要保证系统和部件满足此标准.GR—5 责任检查人员的职责包括以下部分：GR-5。
1 压力容器用户检查员职责按照ASME BPVC, VIII 章节，第1部分,UG-91规定。
GR-5.2 管路，管道系统和无编码容器用户检查员职责按照ASME B31.3 340。
ASME-BPE-中英对照
AMSE BPE Bioprocessing Equipment生物加工设备生物加工设备GR部分一般要求GR-1简介INTRODUCTION此标准所规定的要求，在生物处理﹑制药和个人保健品行业设备的设计非常实用，所涉及方面包括灭菌﹑清洁﹑材质﹑尺寸﹑公差﹑表面抛光﹑材料接合和密封等。
主要应用于：This Standard provides the requirements applicable to the design of equipment used in the bioprocessing,pharmaceutical,and personal care product industries,including aspects related to sterility and cleanability,materials,dimensions and tolerances, surface finish,material joining,and seals.These apply to:（a）在制造﹑改进和提高过程中与产品﹑原料﹑产品介质直接接触的关键部件;（b）产品制造中主要部件系统（如WFI，清洁蒸汽，过滤和半成品贮存等）(a)components that are in contact with the product,raw materials,or productintermediates during manufacturing,development,or scale-up;(b)systems that are a critical part of product manufacture[e.g.,water-for-injection(WFI),clean steam,filtration,and intermediate product storage].此标准不能应用于以下部分：不与成品或制造阶段介质部分直接接触的系统（如计算机系统，电气导管以及外部系统支撑结构）。
Bher全自动水蒸汽蒸馏装置手册剖析
behr S 5 fully automatic steam distillation apparatusOperating ManualPlease read this operating manual carefully before starting use of your new behr S 5 steam distillation apparatus! The operating manual provides clear and simple instructions in the use of the apparatus. Additional information, which is useful and important for an understanding of the operating principles of the apparatus, is denoted by a gray stripe in the margin.We wish you success in the use of thebehrS 5 Steam Distillation ApparatusSafety WarningsIn order to avoid electrical shock injury, please insure that no liquids get into the apparatus housingor come in contact with the electrical wires and connections!To avoid electrical shock injury, always remove the electrical power (mains plug before opening the apparatus housing!Repair of electrical, electronic and mechanical components is only to be performed by suitably quali-fied and authorized personnel!Please rigorously observe all pertinent safety measures to avoid injury in working with glass!Observe carefully safety procedures in working with acids and bases, which can cause burns and other injuries!During the distillation and for a short time thereafter, do not touch any parts of the distillation system behind the Plexiglas door! These components may be hot and can cause burn injury!Do not operate the S 5 steam distillation apparatus in damp or explosive atmospheres!The maximum allowable humidity is 80%The maximum allowable room temperature iS 50 °CBefore shutting the S 5 down22 Inserting the vessels22 Switching the steam distillation apparatuson22Rinsing 22 Purging program23Adapting the behr S 5 to your personal requirements24 Choosing the language24 Configur ng the level sensor24 Setting the time24 Download Software-Updates24 selecting titration unit24 Cooling Water Source Setting24 What to do if (25Problems which you can solve yourself25 Sample vessel not inserted25 Insuffi cient cooling water pressure25 Reagent level sensors25 In the event that you are not using thebehr KAS 50 canister set:25In the event that you are using the behrKAS 50 canister set:25 Titration vessel is full26 Problems requiring the attention of the behr repair service27 Technical Specifications28Overwiew: Menus and displays of the behr S 529Table of ContentsContents of Delivery5 Use of the behr S 5 in Chemical Analyses5 Operating Conditions5 Installing the behr S 57 Emplacing the steam distillation apparatus7 Connecting the hoses and tubing8 Connecting to the electrical power line8 Front view of the behr S 511 Turning the steam distillation apparatus on12 Preparations12 Switching the S 5 on12 Distilling with the behr S 513 The operating control unit13 Programming the S 513 Distilling16 (Refi lling the reagent lin es16Inserting the glass components16Switching the steam distillationapparatus on16 Performing the (refill ng17 Test run17Inserting the glass vessels17Switching the steam distillationapparatus on17 Starting the test run18Ending the test run18 Automatic Distillation with the behr S 519Inserting the vessels19Switching the steam distillationapparatus on19 Starting the automatic distillation19Interrupting or terminating thedistillationprogram19 Ending the automatic distillation19 Manual distillation with the behr S 520Inserting the sample vessel20Switching the steam distillationapparatus on20 Performing a manual distillation20Ending the manual distillation21Contents of DeliveryPlease check immediately upon receipt to see that the contents of delivery are complete and undamaged.In the event of damage in shipment, contact the ship-ping agent (mail, freight carrier, railway immediately and request an inspection of actual condition of contents and packaging.The components, which should be present, are itemized in the following list.List of Componentsbehr S 5 distillation apparatus, completely assembled Hose set:1 Water inlet hose, 10/17, with ½“ and ¾“ standard fi t-tings, 2 m1 Verprene tubing, 8/12,2 m3 PVC tubing, 4/7, 2 m2 PVC tubing, 8/12, 2 m3 PVC tube, 6 x 1, 420 mm1 PVC tube, 10 x 1, 420 mm1 Electrical (mains cable1 Cable for titrator connection1 Cable for pHelectrode1 Crucible tongs Use of the behr S 5in Chemical AnalysesThe behr S 5 is an effective automatic distillation appa-ratus for use in various applications. Principally, it fi nds application in the steam distillation of Kjeldahl ammonia solutions. In this application, the automatic addition of NaOH, H2O and H3BO3, as well as the automatic drain-ing of spent sample waste, provide for a high degree of safety and convenience in use.Be certain to carefully implement the following guidance for the sake of safety in operation and the greatest pos-sible working life of the behr S 5:— Operate the apparatus always in accordance with the instructions and warnings in this operatingmanual!Modifi cation or changes to the apparatus areunauthorized and lead to termination of the guar-antee. Modifi cations may result in serious opera-tional safety hazards and /or reduced reliability of the S 5.— Do not expose the steam distillation unit to cor-rosive vapors, such as acids, bases or organicsolvents!Operating ConditionsOperate the behr S 5 steam distillation apparatus un-der normal laboratory conditions.The S 5 steam distillation apparatus may be con-nected to a cold water tap having a standard ½“ pipe thread.Contents of Delivery– 5 –© behr Labor-Technik 20061.11.21.31.41.51.61.71.81.91.111.141.151.161.101.131.12Figure. 1: behr S 5 – rear viewRear view of the behr S 5Figure 1: Diagram Legend1.1Overpressure steam release 1.9Diaphragm pump for delivery of boric acid;Connection nipple for 4/7 PVC tubing1.2.Cooling water inlet connection with filtersieve; ¾“ connection for 10/17 PVC hose1.10Socket for electrical (Mains power cable 1.3Water outlet, 8/12 PVC tubing 1.11Socket for level monitoring1.4Peristaltic pump for sample waste disposal;-Connection nipple for 8/12 Verprene tubing1.12Printer port1.5Diaphragm pump for H2O for steam genera-tion; Connection nipple for 4/7 PVC-tubing1.13RS 232 port for titrator1.6Diaphragm pump for NaOH; Connection nip-ple for 8/12 PVC-tubing1.1425-pin port for titrator1.7Excessive temperature circuit breaker 1.15RS 232 port for software updates1.8Diaphragm pump for delivery of sample dilutionwater; Connection nipple for 4/7 PVC tubing1.16Socket for air ventInstalling the behr S 5— In installing the S 5, be certain to adhere to all building codes pertaining to plumbing and towaste water disposal regulations.— In selecting the location for installation, keep in mind that the hoses and tubing provided have a length of 2 meters.Place the behr S 5 steam distillation apparatus on a sturdy horizontal fl at laboratory bench top, with access to both water tap and drain and suffi cient space for the reagent containers below the bench top.Select a cold water tap to which you can permanently attach the hose for the cooling water supply.— Faucets providing a mixture of hot and/or cold water should not be used.— The water pressure must be at least 0.5 bar for the proper functioning of the water pressuresafety monitor.The steam distillation unit is completely assembled by the manufacturer. Please unpack it carefully.Emplacing the steam distillation apparatusPlace the apparatus on the bench top.Unpack the accessory parts.First, put the reagent containers in place:Container for distilled waterContainer for sodium hydroxide (NaOHContainer for boric acid (H3BO3Container for sample wasteThe optimal location for these containers is directly be-neath the laboratory bench top.— In no case should the reagent containers be placed at a level higher than the steam distillation apparatus.Connecting the hoses and tubing— Pay careful attention to the labels of the hose and tube connections found on the back of the S 5.Insert the ends of the three 6 x 1 PVC tubes into the three 4/7 PVC tubing segments.Next insert the end of the 10 x 1 PVC tube into an 8/12 PVC tubing segment.— Make certain that the tubes are securely inserted in the PVC tubing segments.Insert two 6x1 PVC tubes into the container for distilled water. Connect the free ends of the PVC tubing seg-ments to the following connection nipples on the rear of the S 5:H2O for steam generator (1.5,H2O sample (1.8.Insert the third 6x1 PVC tube into the container for the boric acid and connect the free end of the PVC tubingsegment to the connection nipple labelled H3BO3(1.9on the back of the S 5.After inserting the 10x1 PVC tube into the container for NaOH, connect the free end of the PVC tubing segment to the connection nipple labelled NaOH (1.6 on the rear of the S 5.Using the pressure-resistant fabric-reinforced hose, con-nect the cold water tap½“ pipe thread to the ¾“ fi tting labelled cooling water inlet with fi lter (1.2 on the rear of the S 5.Finally, connect the two discharge tubing segments:Connect the Verprene 8/12 sample waste discharge tubing segment to the connection nipple labelled pump for suction sample (1.4 and insert into the container for sample waste discharge.Connect the 8/12 PVC tube segment to the connection nipple labelled water outlet (1.3 and lead the other end to a drain.File the tubing of the titration device and the electrode cable through the opening (2.9, cf. page 10.Screw the tubing to the titration device. Connect the other side to the tirator (see user’s manual of the tirator.Electrical connectionsConnect the titrator connection cable to the appropriate port of the S 5: Depending on the type of your titrator, it will fi t into the RS 232 socket (1.13 or the 25-pin socket (1.14.Screw the pHelectrode to the electrode cable.Connect the other sides of the electrode cable and of the connection cable to the titrator.Fill some KCl solution (KCl 3 mol/l into the electrode protection vessel (2.8, page 10.Gently pull the protection cap off the electrode and put the electrode into the electrode protection vessel (2.8.When you are not doing analyses, always keepthe electrode in the protection vessel (2.8. Makesure there is enough KCl solution in the vessel soas to keep the electrode membrane wet. Do notleave the electrode dry; it would dry out andbecome useless.In case you are using the container set KAS 50:• Connect the individual sensor cables from the vari-ous reagent containers to the central junction box.Then connect the cable from the central junction box to the socket labelled LEVEL DETECTORS (1.11 on the rear of the S 5.Connecting to the electrical power lineFirst, insure that the voltage specifi cation stated on the model identifi cation sticker of your S 5 corresponds to the electrical line voltage.Insure that the electrical power MAIN SWITCH (2.11 on the front of the S 5 is set to “0“.Connect the electrical power cable to the socket on the rear of the S 5 identifi ed as MAINS (1.10..Insert the plug of the power cable into an electrical power socket.Calibrating the pHelectrodeSee user’s manual of your titrator.2.12.42.22.32.52.62.102.112.132.142.152.30 2.312.322.122.72.82.9Figure 2: behr S 5 – Front viewFront view of the behr S 5 Figure 2: Diagram legend2.1Operating control unit: Chemical-resistantplastic foil 2.17Distillate level sensors (the 2nd is hiddenbehind the stirrer2.2.Liquid crystal display (LCD 2.18Protection vessel for pH electrode 2.3Control knob 2.19Drip tray2.4Cooling water outlet 2.20PTFE steam delivery tube2.5Screw-on connectors GL 14 2.21Notch for positioning the steam delivery tubebetween distillations2.6Cooling water inlet 2.22Quick release fastener for holding the samplevessels during distillation2.7Distillate suction tube, silicone 2.23Plexiglass protective door (not shown2.8Silicone delivery tube for H3BO32.24Fastening screws for glassware mounting2.9Opening for electrode cable and titration tube 2.25Glassware mounting2.10Distillate delivery tube, silicone 8/12 2.26Viton stopper for sealing vessel mouth2.11Air release valve 2.27GL 18 screw-on connectors with silicone gaskets2.12Titration device 2.28PTFE delivery tube for NaOH2.13Stirrer 2.29Distillation head, glass2.14Titration vessel 2.30Polypropylene steam/water inlet junction withpolypropylene nut2.15Electrical power switch 2.31GL 32 screw-on connector with silicone gasket 2.16Lid opening for pHelectrode 2.32Condenserbehr S 5Turning the steam distillation apparatus onPreparationsAcids and bases can cause burns and otherinjuries!Sample vessel will become hot; it can causeburns!In working with acids and bases, observe thesafety precautions prescribed for these sub-stances in the Material Safety Data Sheets!Before switching the steam distillation appara-tus on, close the plexiglass door!Fill the reagent containers with the appropriate chemi-cals.Verify by checking the tubing connections which rea-gents are to be fi lled into which containers. The n fi ll the containers accordingly:• Distilled or deionized water (e.g. from a behropur®water deionizer• NaOH, 32%• H3BO3, 2 - 4%Provide the cooling water supplyOpen the water tap.Switching the S 5 onTurn the power on by switching the MAIN SWITCH (2.11 on the front of the S 5 to the position …I“.The electrical power switch of the S 5 fulfi lls twofunctions. It serves to turn the apparatus on andoff and also has an electrical circuit-breaker builtin.This circuit breaker operates on a similar principalto those used in homes. If too much current isdrawn, it shuts off.The operation of this circuit breaker requires thata spring within it be cocked. For this reason, asomewhat greater pressure is required on theswitch to turn it on than is required in a similarswitch without circuit breaker.After turning the apparatus on, the display (2.3 on the front will briefl y show an initialization notifi cation. Im-mediately thereafter, the pump begins fi lling the steam generator and you see the following notifi cation on the display:steam generator fi llingAn hourglass symbolizes the ongoing process. Next, the following notifi cation appears:steam generator heatingAgain, the hour glass is seen on the display.These two procedures can take a bit of time, especially when the apparatus is switched on for the fi rst time. These procedures have been completed when thedisplay switches to the …Start“ modeThe S 5 steam distillation apparatus is now ready foroperation.Figure 3: Operating control unitDistilling with the behr S 5The operating control unitProgramming the S 5After fi ll ng and heating of the steam generator you willsee the following display:This is the main menu . From here you come to all other menus and displays. The option START is pre-programmed as a default set-ting.Distilling with the behr S 5Your behr S 5 steam distillation apparatus is program-med and operated easily with a single knob.The principle remains in all cases the same:Turning the knob enables you to choose an option. The currently addressable option is recognized by being highlighted with green text on a black background.The knob may be turned in both directions. In doing this, you will pass all possible options in the display shown and will always again fi nd the de sired option on continu-ed turning. Try this for yourself.The desired option is implemented by pressing on the knob.The complete procedure of choosing by turning and im-plementing by pressing will henceforth simply be called …selecting“.The following pages will show you how to program and operate you steam distillation apparatus.behr S 5Modifying a distillation programWith the S5, you can defi ne 99 different distillation programs. This allows you to defi ne the appropriate conditions and the appropr iate quantities of reagents for different analyses and different sample concentration ranges.The 100th programm, program no. 00, is a cleaning program which purges the distillation head with steam.When defi nng a program, make a note of its purpose and the settings you made.Turn the operating control knob clockwise orcounterclockwise until the menu item Program is highlighted. Then press the knob once.You will now see the following display:You can now select which of the 99 programs of the S 5 you wish to enter or modify. Simply turn the operating control knob until Prog.Number appears in green on a black background. If you now press the knob once, you will be able to dial to another number. Turning the knob clockwise advances the display to the higher numbers, while turning counterclockwise brings you to the lowernumbers. At both ends of the number range, continued turning of the knob will bring you to the other end of the range, specifi cally turning clockwise beyond 99 will bring you back to 00turning counterclockwise from 00 will bring you to 99.By pressing on the operating control knob you will then enter the programming options of the selected program number.If you are working with the S 5 for the fi rst time, then leave the program number selection on 01.By turning the operating control knob and pressing, select the option further==>.You will now see the following menu displayed:Read the menu items as follows:Prog.Number 01You can modify the settings of program no. 01DIL.H 2ODelivery time for dilution water in seconds. Possible entry values range from 0.0 sec to 99.9 sec. The factory default setting is 3.0 sec.Delivery of the pump approx.16 ml/sec.80 ml/5 sec 965 ml/minNaOHDelivery time for sodium hydro-xide in seconds. Possible entry values range from 0.0 sec to 99.9 sec. The factory default setting is 3.0 sec.Delivery of the pump approx.10 ml/sec.51 ml/5 sec 610 ml/minDist.TimeDistillation time in seconds. Possible entry values range from 0 sec to 999 sec. The factory default setting is 300 sec.<==back ==>furtherIf you wish to change an entry, simply turn the operating control knob to highlight the value of interest and press the knob to access the entry value. Then dial the desi-redvalue by turning the operating control knob and en-ter it in memory storage by pressing the knob again.Once all entry values have been entered according to your wishes, select further ==> and press the operatingcontrol knob to bring up the following program menu.Explanation:Prog.Number 01You can modify the settings ofprogram no. 01REAC.TIME Delay time in seconds betweenthe end of NaOH addition and thestart of distillation. Possible entryvalues range from 0 sec to 999sec. The factory default settingis 0 sec. For the distillation in theKjeldahl nitrogen determination,do not change the preset defaultof 000.POWER Steam generator power. Possibleentry values range from 30% to100%. The factory preset defaultvalue is 80%. You can change theelectrical power for steam gene-ration and thereby the intensity ofsteam generation.The steam generator is switchedon and off on by a pressure sen-sor. The on/off set points of thepressure sensor cannot be adjus-ted by the user. It is only possiblefor the user to adjust the steamgeneration power. DRAINSAMPLE Run-time in seconds for the pump draining the sample waste afterdistillation. Possible entry valuesrange from 0 sec to 999 sec. Thefactory default setting is 30 sec.<==back==>furtherIf you wish to change any of the values, select the desi-red parameter by turning the operating control knob. Press on the control knob to access the numerical entry value. Then dial the desired value by turning the ope-rating control knob and enter it in memory storage by pressing the knob again.Once all entry values have been entered according to your wishes, select further ==> and press the operatingcontrol knob to bring up the following program menu:Explanation:AutoEndPt Automatic endpoint determination.Before destillation, the S 5 deter-mines the pH of the boric acid;afterwards it titrates back to thispH. If AutoEndPt is Off, titrationgoes to a fi xed endpoint. Not alltitrators allow automatic endpointdetermination!DrainTitr Run-time in seconds for the pumpdraining the distillate after titration.Possible entry values range from0 sec to 999 sec. The factorydefault setting is 30 sec.H3BO3Delivery time for boric acid into thetitration vessel in seconds.Possible entry values range from0.0 sec to 99.9 sec. The factorydefault setting is 3.0 sec.Delivery of the pump approx.1.4 ml/sec.14 ml/5 sec84 ml/min<==back==>furtherIf you wish to change any of the values, select the desi-red parameter by turning the operating control knob. Press on the control knob to access the numerical entry value.Then dial the desired value by turning the ope-rating control knob and enter it in memory storage by pressing the knob again.Distilling with the behr S 5behr S 5Once all entry values have been entered according to your wishes, select further ==> and press the operatingcontrol knob to bring up the following program menu:Explanation:SetPoint Endpoint preset for the titrati-on. Titration will go to this pH ifAutoEndPt is off.Not all titrators allow endpointsetting from the S5. With sometitrators the endpoint must be seton the titrator itself.Meas.Time Time in seconds for the endpointdetermination if AutoEndPt is onand the titrator allows automaticendpoint determination. The facto-ry default setting is 10 sec.Stirring Stirring power in % of maximum.The factory default setting is 30%. <==back==>furtherIf you wish to change any of the values, select the desi-red parameter by turning the operating control knob. Press on the control knob to access the numerical entry value. Then dial the desired value by turning the ope-rating control knob and enter it in memory storage by pressing the knob again.You have now completed program no. 01.Select <== back. By repeatedly pressing <== back you will return to the main menu.DistillingIn order to avoid electrical shock injury, pleaseinsure that no liquids get into the apparatushousing or come in contact with the electricalwires and connections!Please rigorously observe all pertinent safe-ty measures to avoid injury in working withglass!Observe carefully safety procedures in wor-king with acids and bases, which can causeburns and other injuries!During the distillation and for a short time the-reafter, do not touch any parts of the distillati-on system behind the plexiglass door. Thesecomponents may be hot and can cause burninjury!Do not operate the S 5 steam distillation ap-paratus in damp or explosive atmospheres!The maximum allowable humidity is 80%.The maximum allowable room temperature iS50 °C.(Refi lling the reagent linesBefore you use your S 5 for the fi rst time or after longer periods of disuse, the delivery pumps and tubing should be filled with the respective reagent, replacing any air or distilled water in the lines. By this you make sure all rea-gents will be delivered in the correct amounts.— Inspect the reagent containers and the tubing connections.— Open the water tap.Inserting the sample vesselGuide the PTFE steam delivery tube (2.20 into the mouth of an empty sample vessel. Seat the mouth of the vessel properly against the Viton stopper above (2.26 and secure the vessel in place from below by seating it in the recess of the quick-release fastener (2.22. Check for fi rm and complete seal of the vessel mouth against the Viton stopper.Insert the distillate delivery tube into an empty Erlen-meyer fl ask placed on the shelf beneath the condenser. Switching the steam distillation apparatus onClose the protective door and turn the apparatus on using the MAIN SWITCH(2.15.In the main menu, select Options.Performing th e (refi llingThe following menu appears:Select MANUAL ENTRY. The display will then appearas follows:Select DIL.H2O and hold the operating control knob(2.3 depressed until water fl ows into the sample vessel.Select NaOH and hold the operating control knob de-pressed until sodium hydroxide fl ows into the sample vessel.Now select further ==> to proceed to the next menu.Select H3BO3and hold the operating control knob (2.3depressed until boric acid fl ows into the titration vessel.Select DrainSample and hold the operating control knob (2.3 depressed until the liquid in the sample ves-sel has been drained.Select DrainTitr and hold the operating control knob (2.3 depressed until the liquid in the titratiopn vessel has been drained.Press the quick-release fastener (2.22 down and remove the sample vessel.Push the PTFE steam delivery tube (2.20 into its retai-ning notch (2.21.By repeatedly pressing <== back you will return to the main menu.Test runEspecially reliable and reproducible results will be obtai-ned if you performa …warm-up“ distillation without samp-le before starting your daily analyses.—In the course of this fi rst …warm-up“ distillation, the steam will come in contact with cold glasscomponents, leading to a higher degree of con-densate formation. This could lead to excessive dilution of an actual sample and to an excessive volume of liquid in the sample vessel.The introduction of steam at a temperture of ap-prox. 106°C results in noises, which can be loud.These noises are no cause for concern. With uti-lization of our high-quality behrotest® sample di-gestion vessels, models SR 3i, KJ 500 or KJ 750,the risk of glass breakage is minimal.Open the water tap.Inserting the glass vesselObserve carefully all pertinent safety measu-res to avoid injury in working with glass!Observe carefully safety procedures in wor-king with acids and bases, which can causeburns and other injuries!Insert the steam delivery tube (2.20 into an empty sample vessel. Press the quick release fastener (2.22 down and insert the sample vessel.Check to insure that the sample vessel is fi rmly seated against the Viton stopper (2.26.Switching the steam distillation apparatus on Close the protective door (2.23 and turn the apparatus on using the MAIN SWITCH (2.15.Following the initialization, the main menu appears:The menu selection Startis highlighted.Distilling with the behr S 5behr S 5Starting the test runDuring the distillation and for a short time the-reafter, do not touch any parts of the distillati-on system behind the plexiglass door. Thesecomponents may be hot and can cause burninjury!Select Options in the main menu.The following menu appears:Select MANUAL ENTRY. The display will then appearas follows:Select Steam. In this function the operating control knob (2.3 acts as an on/off switch.The introduction of steam is started by a short。
BPEL开发手册
<WiseKernel Info Inc.><BPEL 简明开发手册>版本 <0.1>目录1.前言 (3)1.1关于BPEL简明开发手册 (3)1.2名词解释 (3)2.BPEL背景知识 (4)3.与WSDL的关系 (4)4.定义业务流程 (5)4.1BPEL实例教程 (5)5.业务流程的结构 (18)5.1<基元活动---B ASIC A CTIVITY> (21)5.1.1<Activity –invoke> (21)5.1.2<Activity –receive〉 (22)5.1.3<Activity –reply〉 (23)5.1.4<Activity –assign〉 (24)5.1.5<Activity –throw〉 (25)5.1.6<Activity –wait〉 (25)5.1.7<Activity –empty〉 (25)5.1.8<Activity –terminate〉 (26)5.1.9<Activity –compensate〉 (26)5.2<结构活动---S TRUCTURE A CTIVITY> (27)5.2.1<Activity –sequence〉 (27)5.2.2<Activity –switch〉 (27)5.2.3<Activity –while〉 (28)5.2.4<Activity –flow〉 (28)5.2.5<Activity –pick〉 (29)5.3<特殊活动---S COPE> (31)6.合作伙伴链接类型、合作伙伴、服务引用 (33)6.1合作伙伴链接 (33)6.2伙伴链接 (34)6.3服务引用 (34)7.参考手册 (36)1.1 1.2BPEL简明开发手册1.前言关于BPEL简明开发手册本手册是针对SIKA用户编写的BPEL简明开发手册，对其它开发人员学习BPEL也提供了一个相对容易的入门的学习手册。
【免费下载】BPE管理手册知识培训
目标分解在管理中，关键绩效指标将根据管理层级层层分解在东风小康，我们将指标体系分为一级、二级、三级。
其中：一级指标：是指公司确定下达到各单位（工厂）的指标二级指标：是指各单位（工厂）确定下达到各部门的指标三级指标：是指各部门内部分解指标目标分解（范例）不要陷入指标的泥潭小朋友打酱油妈妈叫儿子去买瓶酱油回来结果小朋友贪玩，半个小时才将酱油买回来妈妈很生气，于是要求儿子下次买酱油不能超过10分钟第二次，小朋友图省事，在楼下小卖部花了十块钱买酱油妈妈又很生气，说太贵了，于是要求儿子下次买酱油不能超过5元钱第三次，小朋友兴冲冲按照妈妈的要求买到了酱油，一不小心，摔了一跤，结果摔坏了手臂，酱油也撒了一地妈妈知道后又很生气，教训儿子下次买酱油一定要注意安全小朋友认识到，妈妈要他安全、快捷、便宜地买回酱油下次妈妈再叫他打酱油时，他开始注意妈妈的嘱咐，结果小朋友过于注重价格，买了一瓶劣质酱油回来妈妈一看，这种酱油炒菜味道不好，对儿子说，下次买酱油要挑牌子小朋友迷糊了，便宜没好货，牌子货又太贵，怎么办？小朋友于是决定，下次买的时候打电话问妈妈，这样就不会犯错误了。
――――? 关键绩效指标是对业务目标成败具有决定意义的衡量指标内容提纲背景介绍 BPE总论推进BPE 的流程、职责&方法BPE的关键绩效指标BPE 运行管理BPE项目的绩效管理：BPE评估考核BPE运行业务计划编制业务计划报告关键绩效指标公司一级指标工厂关键绩效指标现场绩效管理工具方法现场应用效果现场改善成果问题清单改进问题清单BPE评估是对业务管理的过程指导和改进，目的是识别差距，不断改进。
确保业务活动满足公司目标要求目视管理目视化管理的指导方针：不同层次目视不同信息。
只公布能给班组/工段/部门直接施加影响或让他们有特殊兴趣的信息。
保持并更新BPE板的信息对目视结果负责的经理应更新信息使用PDCA循环来目视信息更新要求及方法定期检查BPE目视墙(各级BPE的更新频次如下) 各单位（工厂）BPE：每月一次部门BPE：每周一次在计划上对延期、附加或改变均加以注释。
《BPE管理手册》知识培训共72页
71、既然我已经踏上这条道路，那么，任何东西都不应妨碍我沿着这条路走下去。——康德 72、家庭成为快乐的种子在外也不致成为障碍物但在旅行之际却是夜间的伴侣。——西塞罗 73、坚持意志伟大的事业需要始终不渝的精神。——伏尔泰 74、路漫漫其修道远，吾将上下而求索。——屈原 75、内外相应，言行相称。——韩非
《BPE管理手册》知识培训
41、俯仰终宇宙，不乐汲于富贵。 44、欲言无予和，挥杯劝孤影。 45、盛年不重来，一日难再晨。及时 当勉励 ，岁月 不待人 。
谢谢你的阅读
bpe流程
bpe流程BPE流程简介及应用领域BPE（Byte Pair Encoding）是一种基于统计的无监督分词算法，用于将文本进行分词处理。
在自然语言处理领域，分词是一项重要的预处理任务，对于机器翻译、文本分类、命名实体识别等任务具有重要意义。
本文将介绍BPE的流程以及其在各个领域的应用。
一、BPE流程1. 初始化：将原始语料库进行字符切分，得到所有字符的集合作为初始词表。
2. 构建词频统计表：遍历语料库中的所有句子，统计词频，得到每个字符或字符序列的出现次数。
3. 合并词频最高的字符对：从词频统计表中选取出现次数最多的字符对，将其合并为一个新的字符。
4. 更新词频统计表：更新词频统计表中合并后字符对的出现次数。
5. 重复步骤3和4，直到达到指定的词表大小或者满足其他停止条件。
6. 分词：按照合并后的字符构建词表，将句子进行分词处理。
二、BPE的应用领域1. 机器翻译：BPE可以将源语言和目标语言的句子进行分词处理，提高机器翻译的准确性和翻译质量。
2. 文本分类：BPE可以将文本进行分词处理，并将分词结果作为文本特征进行分类任务，提高分类的准确性和泛化能力。
3. 命名实体识别：BPE可以将文本进行分词处理，将命名实体从文本中提取出来，为命名实体识别任务提供更准确的输入。
4. 文本生成：BPE可以将文本进行分词处理，生成更加准确和流畅的文本，提高文本生成任务的效果。
5. 信息检索：BPE可以将查询文本进行分词处理，将查询词进行扩展，提高信息检索的准确性和召回率。
6. 语音识别：BPE可以将语音转换为文本时，对文本进行分词处理，提高语音识别的准确性和鲁棒性。
7. 语言模型：BPE可以将文本进行分词处理，用于语言模型的训练，提高语言模型的预测准确性和泛化能力。
8. 情感分析：BPE可以将文本进行分词处理，提取情感词汇，用于情感分析任务，提高情感分析的准确性和情感分类效果。
总结：BPE作为一种基于统计的无监督分词算法，在自然语言处理领域具有广泛的应用。
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如果您的组织正感受到这些压力，卓越业务流程管理(BPE) 提供了解决方案，帮助业务和IT人员带领其团队，更快地获 得令人羡慕的成功。
IT实施
执行
IT
集成
新流程和应用程序的实施必须快速并兼 顾成本效益。凭借长期以来，为世界上 一些最复杂的公司组织提供大量的架构 方案，支持其实现严苛目标的经验，我 们能够很好地为不同规模的企业做到全 天候支持企业需求。
新流程必须在多个部门、应用程序、 人员和外部组织之间得以执行-仅须单 点的变化。webMethods BPMS, SOA, 集成和数据管理解决方案能够使现有 的IT投资事半功倍，迅速整合成新的 流程应用程序。
45秒
一个订单
得益于webMethds,考克斯 通讯公司(Cox Communications)可以通过网络在45秒 内处理一个订单，全天候且 零失误。
2
Software AG 是谁? 40多年来，我们一直在开发新的，更好的方法，帮 助企业更快地实现业务目标。 WEBMETHODS-世界领先的SOA和BPM集成套件。 ARIS-用于持续的流程转换、优化的集成软件。 CENTRASITE-一流的基于SOA的注册库/数据存储 器。 ADABAS-世界最全面的数据管理系统。 NATURAL-高生产率的应用程序开发和实施环境。 全球咨询服务-专业的经验帮助客户更快地达成目 标。 IDS SCHEER咨询-流程优化咨询，在SAP领域尤其优 势突出。
卓越业务流程管理
改变世界－从流程开始
流程的力量
我们让组织运行得更快更好
几乎在所有的商业活动中，无论是客户电话管理，还是包裹运 输、应用程序构建、促销活动，流程都是最核心的东西。流程 不仅是技术层面的术语，更是一个分析和组织企业核心行为的 简单方式，这些行为能让企业高效运行。
随着Software AG和IDS Scheer公司合并后经验的融合，端到端 的卓越业务流程管理(BPE)解决方案可以使业务更具战略性，让 企业和IT部门紧密有序地为共同的、且可实现的业务目标而努 力。事实上，我们可以帮助企业在各方面改进流程，实现以下 目标：
3
投资之前您需要明确什么？
在您打算投资某一款新软件之前，问一下自己下列问题：
它能支持您的愿景吗？
您能以任意顺序实施相对独立 的技术，并取得更大的价值 吗？例如，运用BPM改进企业 流程，然后准备运用企业服务 总线(Enterprise Service Bus) 建立SOA，或者检测现在的流 程，策划一个逐步改善的目标 策略。
• 业务流程分析 • 业务流程管理 • 流程智能和监控 • 业务服务数据库 • 企业架构 • 公司治理、风险控制及合规管理 • 流程驱动的SAP实施
用途
• 业务战略和流程战略 • 协同流程设计 • 流程执行和自动化 • 业务规则 • 业务行为监控 • 自动的流程识别 • 绩效管理和标杆管理 • 流程监控及报告 • 流程治理及架构 • 公司治理、风险控制及合规管理 • SAP实施、升级及运行
战略
设计
业务
紧密集成的webMethods套件可 以让流程设计迅速在BPMS中实 施。可选择使用的ARIS实施平 台，能迅速将流程传递到诸如 SAP等执行环境中。这些项目都 是业务驱动和信息技术可支持 的，实施起来更加快捷。
监控
运行实施
实施
为了改善流程，必须对现有和过 往的绩效进行审视。我们的流程 智能解决方案支持从做出决定到 开始运行的整个生命周期,分析过 往并对流程的执行实时监控,发现 问题的根本成因。这样甚至可以 预测即将发生的问题。通过在项 目起始阶段对关键绩效指标的评 估，能够把注意力集中在最重要 的问题上。
30% 节省
沃尔沃公司(Volvo)运用ARIS的流程驱动SAP管理解决方 案, 创造了一个能够让员工高效协作的空间。
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加速目标实现
三大解决方案领域，无尽的可能
三大解决方案可帮助企业实现前所未有的业务优化，调整和运行。搭建并治理业务流程，整合并交付业 务解决方案，并使要求严格的应用程序得以运行，这些我们的产品平台都能做到---而且更快！
能够使企业信息基础架构最优化地支持卓越 • 企业对企业 (B2B) 业务流程管理。应用以服务为导向的方案实 • 主数据管理 (MDM) 现最大化的重复利用和协同工作。这些解决
• 复杂事件处理 (CEP) 方案让企业更快地集成、搭建和交付业务解
投资要选领导者： Software AG
位列领导者象限
• Gartner公司 魔力象限 业务流程分析工具 2010 (IDS Scheer)
• Gartner公司 魔力象限 SOA治理技术套件, 2009
• Gartner公司 魔力象限 业务流程管理套件, 2009
• Gartner公司 魔力象限 企业架构(EA) 工具, 2009 (IDS Scheer)
500% 投资回报率
卢森堡国际航空有限公司(Cargolux)采用ARIS
分析其物流管理、员工利用率及数据工作
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流，从而帮助其“目标起飞”。
数百万的 长期节省
史泰博公司(Staples)应用webMethods集成服务器和B2B 网关，通过多样的物流网络让订单同步, 帮助他们实现订 单预约送货并长期节省成本。
随着Software AG 和 IDS Scheer 公司合并 后经验的融合，我们交付的端到端的卓越 业务流程管理能力已经超越了任何其他公 司组织-无论是规模，还是地域。
完整性 B2B 网关 后端应用程序集成 流程管理软件 (以人为中心) 流程管理软件 (以集成为中心) 业务流程分析 组合应用构架 企业架构工具 企业服务总线 (ESB) 流程智能 SOA 治理 SOA 服务生命周期管理
这些独立的组件真的是 集成的吗？
许多厂商用“集成”这个术语 来形容他们的平台，但真的是 这样吗？它能到什么程度？总 拥有成本是多少？我们能在产 品之间不断地建立协同关系， 使构建应用程序更快，管理起 来更容易，这一点让我们引以 为豪。
它是全面的吗？
我们提供唯一的端到端综合解 决方案，用于BPM流程、战 略、设计集成、可视化和控 制，没有任何厂商能比我们更 全面。
€300万 每年节省
柏林州立银行 ( Landesbank Berlin ) 运 用ARIS在内网制定发布公司政策和规 则，相比早先纸质文件更新带来的巨大 工作量，仅一年就节省运营费用300万欧 元。
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ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
业务基础架构解决方案（BIS）
简介
包括
Software AG的业务基础架构解决方案(BIS)， • 企业服务总线 (ESB)
为什么选择 Software AG? 平台独立-开放源码平台，使软件投资事半功倍， 并保证它们带来企业一直想要的结果。 快速收效-立即可用的功能和开放的基于标准的解 决方案助您实现数月，甚至数年超过行业平均水平 的投资回报率。欲了解更多我们的客户成功案例， 请登录/customers。 业务遍及全球-在70个国家拥有超过65个的全球商 务及技术合作伙伴和10,000名客户，是全球25个最 大的企业软件供应商之一。 稳定-收入增长和盈利能力在业内令人羡慕。在过 去的五年内，Software AG的收入已经翻了一倍多。
企业业务流程管理解决方案（BPM）
优化
简介
包括
企业BPM解决方案，能够使自动和非自动的 业务流程得以转换和涵盖。拥有这些解决方 案，企业能够规范、改善、评估、治理业务 流程。因为企业BPM解决方案涵盖了项目生 命周期的所有阶段并对所有流程参与者进行 协同，业务部门可以和IT部门一起在全新的 强有力的方式下驱动流程解决方案。由企业 BPM提供的灵活性使企业能够快速应对不断 变化的市场动态和新的业务需求。通过可同 时满足横向和纵向要求的预置框架， Software AG的企业BPM解决方案确保为企业 带来振奋人心的最优业绩，同时符合行业最 佳实践。
如何实现卓越业务流程管理
一个不能被定义并通过业务和IT验证行 之有效的战略，不可能是一个成功的战 略。ARIS的战略平台，能够将企业战略 转换成业务流程平衡记分卡。这使企业 清楚地看到：期望值是什么？什么时候 由谁来做？并能测量每一步的实现程 度。
ARIS设计平台，能够使企业业务流程 满足客户需求。基于对象的工作流能 够确认谁做什么，在谁的要求下，获 得了什么工作成果，实施了什么软件 系统。工作流问题得到解决，操作得 以简化。
• Gartner公司 魔力象限 B2B网关供应商, 2008
• Gartner公司 魔力象限 后端应用程序集成项目架构, 2008
• Gartner公司 魔力象限 SOA 复合应用程序项目架构, 2008
*Gartner魔力象限由Gartner公司注册版权。魔力象限,业务流程分析工具，, David Norton, Mike Blechar, Teresa Jones,2\22\2010, 魔力象限， SOA治理技术套件，L. Frank Kenney, Daryl C. Plummer,3\31\ 2009, 魔力象限，业务流程管理套件, Janelle B. Hill, Michele Cantara, Marc Kerremans, Daryl C. Plummer, 2\ 18\2009, 魔力象限，企业架构(EA) 工具, Robert A. Handler, Chris Wilson, 12 \12\2009, 魔 力象限，B2B网关供应商, Benoit J. Lheureux, Paolo Malinverno, 4\3\2008, 魔力象限，后端应用程序集成 项目的基础设施, Jess Thompson, Daniel Sholler, Yefim V. Natis, Massimo Pezzini, Kimihiko Iijima, Raffaella Favata, Paolo Malinverno,12\19\2008, 魔力象限，SOA 复合应用程序项目的基础设施, Massimo Pezzini, Yefim V. Natis, Kimihiko Iijima, Daniel Sholler, Jess Thompson, Dale Vecchio, 12\19\2008。 魔力象限是在某一特定时间内的对市场情况进行的图形化描述。它描述了Gartner公司依据标准对该市场 内的厂商所进行的分析。Gartner公司并不对在魔力象限中描述的任何厂商、产品或服务出具官方认可， 也不建议技术用户只选择那些位于“领导者”象限里的厂商。 魔力象限仅用作一种研究工具，并不意味着是行动的具体指导。Gartner公司对该项研究不承担任何明示 或默示的担保，包括适销性或适用于某一特定用途的任何担保。并可以在获得许可的情况下重复使用。 魔力象限的四个象限依次分别为领导者、挑战者、有远见者和特定领域者（Niche Players）。Gartner 公 司表示，所谓领导者，其提供的产品应包含额外的功能，且能提高市场对这些功能的重要性的认识，从 而显示出对市场的影响能力。Gartner希望一个领导者能够不断提高其市场份额、甚至占领整个市场，并 且它所提供的解决方案能够引起越来越多企业的共鸣。如广域网优化控制器（WOC）市场的领导者必须 提供一套完整的功能，包括服务质量(QoS)、通用压缩、协议加速和文件系统加速，且其中大多数功能是 经过大量实施的验证。所谓领导者还必须有能力在全球范围内开展销售并提供支持。