中考英语主谓一致全面总结

Grammar

Subject-Verb Agreement (主谓一致)

主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。

1. 语法一致原则

如果主语是单数，谓语动词则用单数形式；

如果主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。

eg. Both parties ______their own advantages.

Her job _____something to do with computers.

2. 意义一致原则

有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。

His family ______(be) a big family.

His family _______(be) listening to music

when he came back.

The population in China ______ (be) very large, and eighty of the population in China _____(be) farmers.

3. 就近原则

有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。

e.g. Either my grandsons or their father__ (be) coming.

Neither Richard nor I _____(be) going.

（一）谓语动词常用复数的情况

The teachers are respected in the world.

1）主语为复数名词或代词

The police are looking for the missing child.

The cattle are kept in his farm.

2)当people , police, cattle 等集体名词作主语，形式上为单数而意义却是复数，谓语用复数。

The Olympic Games are held once every four years.

The Rocky mountains stand in the west of the north America.

3）山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的复数名词作主语。

The rich are not always happy.

Generally speaking ,the young are eager for success.

4）the+adj. 表示一类人或物做主语时

如 blind,deaf, living,dead,

the+ wounded, poor, rich

old, young 等

但指个人或抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。

The unknown is always something to be feared.

The beautiful is always loved by people.

The Whites are going to make a trip to London.

The Greens were watching TV when a fire broke out.

5) the+姓的复数形式表一家人

（二）谓语动词常用单数的情况

1）可数名词的单数及不可数名词作主语时。

The advice is practical.

2）表示时间、距离、金钱、长度、重量等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时。

Twenty years is only a short time in human history.

3)主语从句、动词不定式、动名词形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Looking after the children is my full time job.

To die for the people is a worthy death.

When and where to hold the meeting is unknown.

Whatever was left was taken away.

4) 以-S 结尾的单数名词，形式为复数而意义为单数。如表示学科、国家、机构、书籍、报刊等名称作主语,(news, physics, maths，politics)谓语用单数。

The United states is made up of 50 states.

The Times is a newspaper for the British government

Great Expectations was written by Charles Dickens in 1860.

5)clothing, furniture, traffic, jewellery, baggage, equipment, luggage 等无生命的集合名词作主语。

Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.

6） each

neither +of + the+复数名词或代词

Either

Each of us _____ a dictionary.

Either of the books on the table _______to me.

Neither of them ___fit for the job.

7) many a / each / every

either / neither +单数名词

more than one

Many a student __________the film.

Neither story ____true.

More than one student has seen the film.

More students than one have seen the film.

注意：当each放在主语后作同位语时，不决定谓语单复数。

They each have a dictionary.=

Each of them has a dictionary.