CA6140车床微机数控系统总体设计方案

目录

摘要 (ⅰ)

Abstract (ⅱ)

绪论 (1)

第一章 CA6140车床微机数控系统总体设计方案的拟订 (3)

1-1 总体方案确定 (3)

1-2 设计X—Y数控工作台及其控制系统 (4)

第二章 CA6140车床进给伺服系统机械部分设计计算 (5)

2-1 脉冲当量的选择 (5)

2-2 切削力的计算 (5)

2-3 滚珠丝杠螺母副的计算和选型 (6)

2-4 齿轮传动比的计算 (14)

2-5 步进电机的计算与选型 (15)

2-6 设计绘制进给伺服系统机械装配图 (19)

第三章 CA6140 车床微机数控系统硬件电路的设计 (20)

3-1 单片机微机数控系统电路设计内容 (20)

3-2 MCS-51 系列单片机简介 (21)

3-3 存储器扩展电路的设计 (28)

3-4 I/O 接口电路及辅助电路设计 (37)

3-5 典型零件加工程序设计 (46)

总结 (49)

参考文献 (50)

致谢 (51)

外文资料及中文翻译 (52)

[摘要]

针对现有常规CA6140普遍车床的缺点提出数控改装方案和单片机系统设计，提高加工精度和扩大机床使用范围，并提高生产率。本论文说明了普通车床的数控化改造的设计过程，较详尽地介绍了CA6140机械改造部分的设计及数控系统部分的设计。采用以8031为CPU的控制系统对信号进行处理，由I/O接口输出步进脉冲，经一级齿轮传动减速后，带动滚动丝杠转动，从而实现纵向、横向的进给运动。

结合我国实际国情，经济型数控车床是我国从普通车床向数控车床发展的及其重要的台阶。利用现有的普通车床，对其进行数控化改造是一条低成本，高效益的途径。数控车床作为机电一体化的典型产品，在机械制造业中发挥着巨大的作用，很好地解决了现代机械制造中结构复杂、精密、批量小、多变零件的加工问题，且能稳定产品的加工质量，大幅度地提高生产效率。我国作为机床大国，数控机床的占有率还不足百分之三，但是在欧美等发达国家数控机床的占有率达到了百分之三十六以上，单从数字上来看我过和欧美等发达国家还有相当大的距离。其主要原因为数控车床价格较贵，一次性投资较大使企业心有余而力不足。对普通机床数控化改造不失为一种较好的良策。在金

属加工行业中车床在所有加工设备中占有最大比重，例如最常见的轴类零件，就是由车床加工而成本论文针对目前国内企业现状，以CA6140普通车床为例提出简易型经济数控改造思路和设计方法。

关键词：数控机床，单片机数控系统，改装设计，CA6140 伺服电机传动系统控制系统电气控制线路经济实惠数控改造，

NC overview of the application

[Abstract]

To remedy the defects of ordinary lather CA6140, a design of data processing system and its single chip microcomputer system program is put forward to raise the processing precision and extend the machine’s usage, and to improve production rate。This paper presents the process of designing numerical control reform，and explicitly introduces the design of mechanical and numerical control system reforms。We adopt control system which has 8031 as cpu to cope with the signal，and output the step pulse through the I/O interface。After transmitting

and slowing down by force 1 gear, the step pulses drive the leading screw to roll。Thus achieve the vertical movement and the crosswise movement。Keyword numerical control machine tool, single chip microcomputer system

China's actual conditions and economic CNC lathe is from the ordinary to the lathe and NC lathe important development e of existing ordinary lathe, NC transformation is its low cost and highly efficient C lathe as a typical electromechanical integration products, machinery manufacturing plays an enormous role,good solution to the structural complexity of modern machinery, precision, small batches, changeable parts processing,able to stabilize the quality of the processing products, a significant increase in production efficiency.As the big machine, CNC machine tools was less than 3.0% share.However, in Europe and the United States and other developed countries to achieve the 36% share of the CNC machine moreI can see from the figures over Europe and the United States and other developed countries there is still a considerable distance.The main reason for the higher prices of CNC lathe, a one-time investment to fill larger C transformation of the ordinary would be a better the in the metal processing industry accounts for the largest proportion of all processing equipment, for example, the most common shaft.Papers from the machining cost is the present status of domestic enterprises.Simple CA6140 made to the general economic NC lathe ideas and design methods.

Essential character numerical control machine tool, single chip microcomputer system，reform design，The CA6140 servo electrical machinery transmission system control system electricity control line economical numerical control changes

绪论

随着社会生产和科学技术的迅速发展，机械产品日趋精密复杂，且需频繁改型，普通机床已不能适应这些要求，数控机床应运而生。这种新型机床具有适应性强、加工精度高、加工质量稳定和生产效率高等优点。它综合应用了电子计算机、自动控制、伺服驱动、精密测量和新型机械结构等多方面的技术成果，是今后机床控制的发展方向。一、数控机床的产生