2012年大陆托福已考独立作文汇总(更新至11.18)
2012年托福考试阅读材料
对很多人来说，眼睛的颜色从生下来那一天开始就确定了，或黑或绿或褐，而且一辈子不变。
但对另外一些人来说，却不是这样。
究竟是什么原因会导致眼睛变色呢?下面，就请进入今天的新托福阅读材料：他的眼睛会变色。
It can bend light,bring the world into focus,and next to the human brain may be our most complicated organ.But for many people the most intriguing feature of the human eye is simply its color.In most people,the answer is no.Eye color fully matures in infancy and remains the same for life.But in a small percentage of adults,eye color can naturally become either noticeably darkerorlighter with age.What determines eye color is the pigment melanin.Eyes that have a lot of it in the connective tissue at the front of the iris,called the stroma,are darker,while those that have less tend to be lighter.The levels of melanin generally remain the same throughout life,but a few things can change them permanently.The first is a handful of ocular diseases like pigmentary glaucoma.Another is a condition called heterochromia,ormulticolored eyes,which affects about1percent of the population and is often caused by traumatic injuries.An example of this can be seen in the rock star David Bowie,who attributes his contrasting eye colors, hazel and light blue,to a blow to the face as a child.The third cause appears to be genetics.A study in1997,for example,looked at thousands of twins and found that10percent to15percent of the subjects had gradual changes in eye color throughout adolescence and adulthood,which occurred at nearly identical rates in identical twins.The bottom lines Eyes can change color in some people because of geneticsorinjury.以上就是今天的托福阅读材料，大家可以积累其中的高分词汇及句型，并且练习提升阅读速度，迅速找到托福阅读的主题句和出题点。
2012年5月20日托福测试写作范文和解析
2012年5月20日托福测试写作范文和解析
北京新东方托福研发组孙炜老师为同学们带来2012
年5月12日托福考试写作部分的范文及解析。
独立写作
2010.8.28NA
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The main purpose for people who have jobs is for money rather than social status.
[1]
/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphic
[2] Internet resource, cite needed.
[3] /wiki/Women_artists
[4] “History”, The Society of Women Artists. Retrieved 17 February 2008.
[5] “Biography - Chronology of Mary Edmonia Lewis.” Edmonia Lewis. (retrieved 24 August 2011) 综合写作
阅读：罗马崛起的原因
1、军队非常Powerful
2、君主集权
3、国家富有，税收丰富
听力观点
1、军队成员很多都不是罗马人，对君主不忠，投敌叛国，阵前倒戈
2、君主昏庸，劳民伤财搞土木建设，比如庙宇啥的，民怨沸腾
3、国土总财富值没变税收收的太多太狠，新的土地开发不好，对农民的税收又
不断增加，农民痛恨政府，寻求敌国庇护。
2012 新托福独立写作题库
2012 新托福独立写作题库（北美地区）1.13 =2012.11.02Which of the following would you change to improve your health: 1. The kind of food you eat 2. The amount of exercise 3. The amount of stress 1.21Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The opinions of celebrities, such as certain entertainment and athletes, are more important for younger people than older people.1.28=2012.10.19Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The reading that a student does on his or her own is as important as or more important than a reading assigned by teachers.2.3Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Governments and companies should share their scientific discoveries with others2.11=2012.02.11Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Talented people’s leadership is born by natural and can’t be learned by people.2.18（=111126cn=100522NA）Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Working at home using computers or telephones is better than working in the office.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Employees should follow the orders of their bosses rather than proposing new ideas.3.9=2013.01.26Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Young people now are more willing to help others than those in the past.3.23（=090322CN）Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Governments should focus more on preservation of environment rather than economic development .4.14 =2012.04.14Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is important for government to protect wild animals and wilderness areas for future generation.4.20=2013.04.14Which of the following contributes most to an enjoyable vacation: good food, good location or good friends to travel with?4.27Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Students now are more interested in politics than those in the past.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Which of the following do you think is the best way for students to make new friends: joining a sports team, participating in community activities or travelling?5.25 =100821NA=120318cn=2013.03.02Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Is there a good reason to be impolite to another person ?5.26Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is easier to maintain good health thanin the past?6.8=120520cnDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: People care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder.6.23=120114CNDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: All school teachers should take courses every five years to update their knowledge 7.6Do you agree or disagree with the following statement:Participating activities in organizations and clubs is as important as academic study for students.When you are assigned an important presentation for work or school, you prefer to work on it right away so that you can work on it a little bit every day, or wait until you have a good idea about the presentation? 8.4 =120526cnDo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Teachers now have more influence on their students than they were in the past.8.17 版本1Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People now show less respect to teachers than in the past8.17 版本2=2012.04.21=2012.11.30Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Universities should spend more money in buying facilities than hiring famous professors.8.25=091107naDo you agree or disagree with the following statement？To achieve successful development of a country，a government should spend more money on young children’s education(5-10) rather than on universities.9.7Do you agree or disagree with the following statement？Universities should spend more money supporting social activities rather than improving the food students eat.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers’ performance should be evaluated by students rather than by other teachers.9.21=2013.01.27Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Your job has more effect on your happiness than your living environment does.9.29=2013.03.17Do you agree or disagree the best leaders should admit if they made a bad decisions?10.6=2013.07.13Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Nowadays, neighbors depend on each other less than the people in the past10.12Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? the rules that the whole societies today expect to young people to follow and obey are too strict.10.19=2013.03.03Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Younger people spend more time on improving the world than in the past.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Although children’s decisions were often made by parents in the past, it is better for children to make their own decisions nowadays.11.03Should parents spend more times playing games or doing sports with their children or should they spend more time helping their children with their schoolwork?11.17Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People learn about one person from books and movies that person like12.1Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People live in the countryside are happier than those live in the city.12.8Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students can use their mobile phones to surf on the in internet or listen to the music while doing their homework.12.14Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Nowadays advertisement is more honest than it was in the past.。
2012托福测试经典阅读和考题
2012托福测试经典阅读和考题笔者英语类考试频道为网友整理托福考试，供大家参考学习。
【核物质成分】讨论地核物质成分，科学家根据地震波传导的快慢，确定了地核的成分与地表的成分不同。
然后科学家发现火山爆发出来的物质有钻石，证明地球深层是一个高温高压的环境，因为钻石只能在这种情况下产生。
然后来了一段很长的，TMD,如果他分开好了。
说根据陨石里面的材料来判定地核的材料。
因为科学家可以估计地核的密度，如果发现陨石的密度与地核密度差不多，很有可能他们的 element(元素成份)是相同的。
有一道题目问地核的构成物质最多是什么，有 iron,silicon(硅),还有两个忘记了。
【玛雅文明】玛雅文明在公元前 900 年后的发展, 主要几个region 原来是独立的，后来就有融合了，但又不是完全融合，有自己的特点。
【生物适应性】要介绍了沙漠中的动植物是如何适应极端环境的。
首先说了沙漠的问题就是缺水，如何适应这种缺水环境就是各种动植物存活的关键。
然后说了植物是如何适应缺水环境的：有些是周期性植物，只在湿度较高时才生长;常年生长的植物采取另一些办法，例如，叶子表面产生一层蜡质，减少水分蒸发;有些叶子成了刺;有些的根系特别发达;等等。
然后，另起一段将动物是如何适应的：产生高盐度的尿液，调整呼吸，等等。
随后，还对比了在沙漠和在极地生活的同一种动物的异同。
defense system 防御机制生物学：植物的 defense system ，以及科学家为证实 defense system 对于 deter animal feeding on them 有很大的用处。
有一道题是，食草东西虽然吃他们的种子，却也帮助他们传播和繁殖。
modification of weather多年来人们一直努力改变天气。
最初是发现一战期间，降雨增多(可能与武器使用有关)，美国农业部开始试验。
后来 1946 年，有个员工发现干冰能让 supercooled water become snow particles.文章给 supercool 下了定义就是低于零度但是还没有结冰。
2010-2011年大陆托福已考独立作文汇总 (2)
2010-2011年大陆托福已考独立作文汇总2010.1.16孩子们是不是应该从事和父母的工作相似的工作。
2010.1.17讲一下你是喜欢完成一件事再去做另一个，还是几件事情一起做。
2010.1.31你是否同意，体育锻炼对older people更重要，对比younger people来说2010.2.7Agree or disagree, in order to succeed, you should be more like others than be different from everyone else.成功是模仿别人比较好还是特别比较好？2010.2.21Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?2010.2.27Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? children should play sports only for fun, children should not attend competitions.2010.3.6In order to solve the problems of the present and the future, people should review the past. 2010.3.13同意否：书籍比电视对社会有更大的影响？2010.3.27人家happy了自己也可以achieve happiness2010.4.10Do you agree or disagree the following statement: if you cannot say anything nice about someone, you'd better not say anything.2010.4.24Scientists should responsible for negative impacts of their discoveries?2010.5.5你是否同意父母让孩子养个动物是培养他们责任感的最好方法。
2012年全部托福大陆考试口语1-2题汇总
2012年全部托福大陆考试口语1-2题汇总2012年大陆托福已考口语题型1&2汇总2012.1.81. Describe a celebration you recently attended? Did all people have a good time on that day?2. Teenagers under 16 years old drive cars. Agree or not?2012.1.141. Take about a person you enjoy talking with.2. Do you agree or disagree with the statement: student should learn in a quiet environment. 2012.2.051.大学应该去做什么来保护环境2.对一本书或者movie感兴趣，你是买还是租？2012.2.111. Your friend is considering keeping a pet, what kind of pet and advice you would give him?2.一些学生喜欢看小说，你是否同意。
2012.2.171. Compare 2 singers, similarities2. Some ask older people (parents, grandparents) for advice, others ask their friend (same age) 2012.2.241.在学校里喜欢什么活动2.艺术家要天分吗?2012.2.251.你认为养宠物是有益的事吗？2.是在进大学之前有个很好的职业规划好，还是在进入大学以后，经过一段时间的学习再决定自己的职业规划。
2012.3.041.为了让学生更好的了解营养和保健，学校开设厨艺课，你觉得这个决策合理吗？Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement? Students should take cooking class.2.是否认为老师和蔼可亲学生可以学到更多？Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Children will learn more if the teachers are kind and friendly.2012.3.101.你的同学想提高分数，你会劝他怎么做？2.你参加游戏或者体育运动时，你是enjoy还是想要取得胜利？2012.3.181. Are the living standards of people today better than the past?2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Internet plays an important role in your life. Use specific examples and details to support your answer.2012.3.241.在学期结束时evaluate professor的利弊2.自己亲自做的gifts要比在商店买的更meaningful2012.4.141.人们现在都在网上买东西你觉得优点是什么2.学校里有很多社团组织比如sporting什么的……有些会一开始就参加有人会等first or second semester后再参加你选哪个2012.4.221.有个朋友话说不读university，问你这个是不是一个好主意？2.问学生该不该因为晚交作业而受到惩罚。
2012托福独立写作题目汇总
2012托福独立写作题目汇总2012-01-13 NAOut of the following three things, which one would you prefer to regulate in order to improve your health? 1）The kind of food you eat 2）The amount of exercise 3）The amount of stress in your life.2012-02-05Some people have ambitious dreams and keep following them, but other people always focus on realistic goals and try to achieve them. Which do you think is better?2012-02-03 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government and corporation should share all their scientific discoveries with other countries in the world? Please use specific details and examples to support your opinion. 2012-01-21 NADo you agree with the statement that the opinions of celebrities, such as famous entertainers and athletes, are more important for the young people than they are to the olderpeople.2012-01-14Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: All school teachers should be required to attend some courses every five years to update their knowledge.2012-02-11 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Parents should allow children to make mistakes and let them learn from their own mistakes.2012-01-08Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People can solve important problems by themselves or with the help from their family members so there's no need for the government to help them.2012-02-11Do you agree or disagree with the follow statement: No one can learn to be a leader. 2012-02-17Which do you prefer, to buy new technologicaldevices immediately after they become available or to wait until many people have adopted(=accepted and started to use) them? 2012-02-18 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Working at home using computers or telephones is better than working in the office. 2012-02-24Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People holding different views cannot achieve success as a team.2012-02-25Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Two people can still be good friends if one of them has much more money than the other?2012-03-03 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Employees who follow instructions from their managers are more valuable than employees who try to find new ways to perform their tasks.2012-03-04Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Employees who follow instructions from their managers are more valuable than employees who try to find new ways to perform their tasks.2012-03-09 NAAgree or disagree, young people now are more likely to help others than young people were in the past.2012-03-10If you need to discuss upsetting or controversial problems with others, will you use e-mail/text messaging or use telephone/voice-messaging? 2012-03-18Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? There is never a reason to be impolite (rude) to another person.2012-03-23 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Governments should focus its budgets more on environmental protection thanon economic development.2012-03-24To make children do well in school, parents should limit the hours that children spend on watching TV or movies.2012-04-14Do you agree or disagree: It is important for government to protect animals and wilderness areas for future generations.2012-04-14 NADo you agree or disagree: It is important for government to protect animals and wilderness areas for future generations.2014-04-20 NAContributes on an enjoyable vacation, please select one of three selection. Good food, Good location and with good friends to travel.2012-04-22Do you agree or disagree that it is more important for universities to spend money on facilities such as libraries, computers and technology) rather than on hiring famousteachers?2012-04-27 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Students are more interested in politics than before.2012-04-28People should know events happening around the world even if they have little influence on their daily lives. Use specific reasons, examples and details to support your opinion.2012-05-05 NAWhich way do you think is the best for a student to make new friends. a. joing a sports team, b. participate in community activities, c. traveling. 2012-05-12Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to choose a university whose graduates have good job opportunities than a university who has famous professors. 2012-05-20Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People care more about publicrecognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder.2012-05-25 NAIs there a good reason to be impolite(rude) to another person?2012-05-26 NANowadays it's easier to maintain health than the past.2012-05-26Nowadays it's easier to maintain health than the past.2012-06-08 NAShould company use public recognition to reward hard working, not to use money.2012-06-09Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is often not a good thing for people to move to a new town or a new country because of the lose of old friends.2012-06-15Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement? The most important characteristics for a politician or leader is good communication skills.2012-06-15 NAMost problems can be solved by people or their families, help from the government is unnecessary.2012-06-17Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Rather than help their children do school work, parents should encourage their children to do work independently.2012-06-23 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: All school teachers should be required to attend some courses every five years to update their knowledge.2012-06-30Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to learn about a foreign country is to read the newspapers and magazines from that country.2012-07-07 NA你同不同意that 学生参加学校的organization 和activities club is as important as their academic class.2012-07-08When you are assigned an important presentation for work or school, you prefer to work on it right away so that you can work on it a little bit every day, or wait until you have a good idea about the presentation?2012-07-14Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is better for your friend to ask you for help (suppose you are good at the subject) than to turn to a tutor when he finds it hard to pass an examination.2012-07-15Is it important for government to provide money for the things that are beautiful than things that are practical.2012-07-28Which is better, having a high-salary job butliving away from your family members, or having a low-salary job but living with your family?NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Two people can still be good friends if one of them has much more money than the other?2012-08-04 NADo you think teachers have greater influence on young children in the past than today?2012-08-17 NADo you agree or disagree that universities should spend money on improving facilities (labs and general requirements) rather than hiring famous teachers?2012-08-17B NA同不同意，现在的人不如以前的人respect teachers.2012-08-19Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Car has had a great effect on the society thanthe airplane.2012-08-25 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? To achieve successful development of a country, a government should spend more money on young children’s educ ation(5-10) rather than on universities.2012-08-26Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Parents should allow children to make mistakes and let them learn from their own mistakes.2012-09-02Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The competition between friends always has negative effect.2012-09-07 NA如果学校拿到了一笔钱，improve the food of cafe in school or invest in social activity for students after school.2012-09-08Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement: The advice from the grandparents is of no use to their grandchildren because the world has changed a lot over the past 50 years. 2012-09-15 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Teachers' performance should be evaluated by students rather than by other teachers.2012-09-16Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The most important investment of a company is to improve the skills of its employees.2012-09-20Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Students are more interested in politics than before.2012-09-21 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement? Your job has more effect on your happiness than your living environment does. 2012-09-22Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Although science and technology will continue to improve, the most significant improvement for the quality of people’s lives have already taken place.2012-09-23是adapting or adjusting to the changing condition 重要还是excellent knowledge in job 重要呢？2012-09-29 NADo you agree or disagree the best leaders should admit if they made a bad dicision?2012-10-06 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: Nowadays,neighbors depend on each other less than the people in the past.2012-10-12 NADo you agree or disagree: the rules that the whole societies today expect to young people to follow and obey are too strict.2012-10-13Do you agree or disagree with the followingstatement: It is much easier for people to achieve success without their family members help now than in the past.2012-10-14To make children do well in school, parents should limit the hours that children spend on watching TV or movies.2012-10-19 NADo you agree or disagree: Younger people spend more time on improving the world than in the past.2012-10-19Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Reading a student does on his/her own is as important as, or even more important than reading a student does because it is assigned by teachers.2012-10-27Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The most important problems in today's world will be solved in our lifetime. 2012-10-27 NADo you agree or disagree: Young people in today are less dependent on their parents than in the past.2012-10-28Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government and corporation should share all their scientific discoveries with other countries in the world? Please use specific details and examples to support your opinion. 2012-11-02Out of the following three things, which one would you prefer to regulate in order to improve your health? 1）The kind of food you eat 2）The amount of exercise 3）The amount of stress in your life.2012-11-03 NA父母应该多陪孩子玩游戏或体育运动, 还是陪孩子做和学校学习有关的事情?2012-11-10Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The best way to increase students' interest in a subject is to teach them thesignificance of the subject outside of school. 2012-11-17 NADo you agree or disagree with the following statement: One can learn another person from books and movies the person likes.2012-11-18Some people think university professors should spend more time doing research while others think they should spend more time educating students. What is your view?2012-11-24Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People now are easier to become educated than in the past. Use specific reasons to support your answer.2012-11-30Do you agree university should spend more money on improving facility(technology，libraries，computer lab) than hiring famous teacher.2012-12-01 NADo you agree or disagree: People living in smallvillages are more satisfied with their life than those who live in cities.2012-12-02Agree or disagree: Movies and televisions make more negative effects than positive effects on young people’s behavior.2012-12-08Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Patience is usually not a good strategy. We should take action now rather than later.2012-12-22Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important to choose friends that can have fun with you than to choose friends that will help you when you need them.。
2012年大陆托福已考独立作文汇总 (2)
2012年大陆托福已考独立作文汇总2012.1.8Agree or disagree the food we ate in the past is health2012.1.14Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?All school teachers should take course every five years to update their knowledge.2012.2.05人是应该坚持自己的远大但不容易实现理想还是应该着眼于现实目标2012.2.11Talented people’s leadership is born by natural and can't be learned by people, agree or disagree.2012.2.17Some prefer buy new technological devices; others having them when they are well-adopted. Which do you prefer?2012.2.24同意是否：团队合作中，不能接受批评的人不会成功的。
2012.2.25Can two people be good friends if one person has more money than the other?2012.3.04Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Employees who are good at following the instructions of their managers are more valuable to their companies than employees who alwaystry to find new ways or better ways?2012.3.10当你和朋友谈论一些upsetting或者controversy的事的时候，你用e-mail\text messaging还是用phone\ voice messaging？2012.3.18People care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder人们工作是为了赚钱还是为了社会地位.2012.3.24To make children do well in school, parents should limit the hours that children spend onwatching TV or movies.2012.4.14Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are more importantthan saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Whyor why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.你是否认为濒危动物需要土地的重要性超过人类，我们是否应该认识到保护濒危动物的重要性？2012.4.22讲大学应该投资于设备还是师资。
2012.10.28托福写作机经：新托福写作真题
2012.10.28托福写作机经：新托福写作真题考试日期：2012.10.28Task 1INTEGRAED金星上出现黄光（Ashen Light）的原因阅读文章要点：1. 由于太阳的紫外线照射，氧原子变成氧分子，这个过程生成黄光；2. 闪电的原因；3. 由于望远镜的问题或者地方天气不同看见的幻像。
听力逐一反驳：1. 这个过程生产的是绿光，不是黄光；2. 闪电常常发生在白天，晚上很少发生，金星上有Day side和Night side, 在Night side也观察到了黄光。
3. 不同的人，在不同的地方用不同的仪器在相同的时间都看见了，因此不是幻像。
Task 2 INDEPENDENT 独立写作话题类别生活类考题文字：Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?The government and corporation should share all their scientific discoveries with other countries in the world.Please use specific details and examples to support your opinion.本次写作考试点评：本次新托福考试完全重复2012年2月3日北美考题。
写作总体来说难度较大，综合写作考到较难的天文学类话题，文章涉及到很多生词，教师在课堂中应多注意对分类词汇背诵的强调，关于此类题材文章，TPO里有一篇讲通古斯大爆炸的文章，建议教师可以找来课堂上给学生讲解；独立写作考题中出现了比较绝对的词”all”, 因此我们在指导学生审题的时候要引导他们此类考题不要持完全赞同的立场。
在主体段布局时仍旧可以采用三段式，每段给出一个理由，论证方式以举例和因果为主。
教师在教学时应注意对最近2, 3年中考题的收集以及思路的拓展，每个大类的题目可以帮学生归纳些理由和观点。
2012年6月15日托福考试真题
【网络综合 - 托福考试(TOEFL)试题】2012年6月26日托福考试重复出现了2011年11月20日中国大陆托福考题。
阅读部分：第一篇：讲的是地质变化对经济的影响。
首先讲了一个平原的形成，原来那个平原是一个内海，然后发生了地质变化和气候的变化使这个内海变得干涸，这种干涸的气候适合长草，而且草有助于去改善由于内海的干涸而导致的盐层的土壤，所以这个平原的形成有利于crops的成长。
其次讲的是冰川的影响，这个时期经常会出现冰川的retract和蔓延，所以导致了土壤的肥沃。
最后一段主要讲的是风的作用能使有用的矿物质分散到广阔的地域。
第二篇：主要讲了现场live戏剧的优点。
第一段主要讲了现场戏剧的流行，很多大明星都愿意出演这种戏剧，以为能与观众进行直接的交流与互动。
第二段讲了第一个优点观众与actor的互动。
第三段讲了第二个优点是讲的观众的感受好之类的（记不清楚了）最后一段讲了这种戏剧很容易出现小的差错，并且每次演出都会有所不同。
这些差错和不同是现场戏剧的另一个优点。
第三篇：农业的发展。
是早期人类就掌握了选择优良的种植。
然后农作物全球互相流通，欧洲发现了这样是有危害的。
这会导致一些疾病的传播之类的。
最后部分提到达尔文跟孟德尔的在生物界这些研究的方面。
这个位置还有词汇题。
大概意思是他俩在这方面研究是先驱。
为后来的发展奠定基础。
听力部分：听力1有一个conversation是一个教授和一个学生讨论什么American的什么问题，学生用了比较的方法，Prof夸他这个研究方向很好很特别，与众不同，还说介绍他认识Dr.Sc..那个人写了一本书就是研究学生的这个课题的，说可以通过那个Dr认识更多人。
听力2恐龙灭绝，有两种说法，第一种说法是陨石撞击（跟之前的阅读解释是一样的）是一种突然的环境变化，第二种，也是教授支持的，就是地球的火山爆发，主要的证据就是发现的化石，因为化石里面没有昆虫和鸟类，所以推断说恐龙灭绝的环境是逐步的，因为昆虫和鸟类对环境的变化十分敏感所以不可能是那种陨石撞击所导致的突然的环境变化。
2012年北美托福作文题汇总
2012年北美托福作文题汇总（为2013大陆托福作文重点重复范围）---附解题思路现在的广告越来越不honest 有的人说买产品的时候可以忽略广告同意核心结论：是否忽略广告诱发条件：广告不真实这类结论属于否定某一事物A，如果我们可以否定事物A存在的必要性，主要原因可以是：1.A自身的问题导致存在无价值 2.A有较好的替代品出现 3.A的价值无法通过各种渠道被获得由此我们有三点理由：广告一味宣传产品的好处忽略坏处——无法真正了解产品信息——可以忽略广告口碑以及产品的试用可以取代广告为消费者提供相关信息——消费者不会在购买中受骗——可以忽略广告人们每天暴露在大量的广告信息当中——其中大部分是虚假或者夸张的——消费者很难从大量的广告中发现自己需要的产品，也无法判断真实性——可以忽略广告是否同意：有些学生在学习的时候，同时使用手机，上网，听音乐？不同意核心结论：使用手机上网听音乐的坏处有哪些单纯的写坏处比较难，写作时如果遇到发现找不出3个好处，找不出3个坏处，可以使用分对象探讨的方法来解决。
对于学生自己来说使用手机会分散思维——解题思考的时候思维无法连续——影响自己学习专注度和效果对周围同学来说使用手机（如游戏）——吸引周围同学注意力——影响其他同学听课或者学习效果对老师而言使用手机发出声音——影响上课进度和授课效率Compare with the people living in cities, the people living in village and farm area are more satisfied with their lives.城市好核心结论：对生活更满意罗列对生活更满意的体现，或者说导致对生活更满意的因素。
如：娱乐活动多；物质生活水平高；医疗条件好/ 家人团聚时间多；工作压力小；生活自然环境好等。
分别反推，对应农村或者城市去写。
城市通常商业发展更繁荣，人口也更密集——有大型的娱乐中心——娱乐活动形式多样——心情愉快，对生活更满意城市公司多，发展机会多——工作的挑战性相对农村更大——收入相应也较高——物质生活水平高——满意城市科技应用更广泛——医疗卫生设施齐全，技术先进——较好的保证健康——满意Agree or disagree one can learn about one person from books and movies that person like同意核心结论：书籍和电影可以反映出一个人的哪些方面分类探讨，工作生活学习我们的工作会要求我们去获取相关专业知识——特点的某些职业还会造成一个人看的书籍的类型多局限在特点领域（如英语老师多看英语工具书）——所以书籍可以反映出一个人的工作类型范围一个人喜欢的电影类型可以反映出一个人的个性——生活当中我们会下意识的选择自己喜欢的电影，根据自己的个性特点（如喜欢冒险的人，通常喜欢动作片多余爱情片）一个人喜欢的书籍和电影可以反映出一个的兴趣爱好——我们对某事物产生兴趣，想要学习，大部分情况还是通过专业书籍或者相关影片去学习父母应该多陪孩子玩游戏或体育运动还是陪孩子做和学校学习有关的事情学校有关的事情体育和游戏VS学习选择其中一面写好处，如果写不出太多好处，就分对象探讨，对学生，对父母。
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2012年大陆托福已考独立作文汇总（更新至11.18）2012.1.8Agree or disagree the food we ate in the past is health2012.1.14Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?All school teachers should take course every five years to update their knowledge.2012.2.05人是应该坚持自己的远大但不容易实现理想还是应该着眼于现实目标2012.2.11Talented people’s leadership is born by natural and can't be learned by people, agree or disagree.2012.2.17Some prefer buy new technological devices; others having them when they are well-adopted. Which do you prefer?2012.2.24同意是否：团队合作中，不能接受批评的人不会成功的。
2012.2.25Can two people be good friends if one person has more money than the other?2012.3.04Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Employees who are good at following the instructions of their managers are more valuable to their companies than employees who always try to find new ways or better ways?2012.3.10当你和朋友谈论一些upsetting或者controversy的事的时候，你用e-mail\text messaging还是用phone\ voice messaging？2012.3.18People care more about public recognition than about money. Even if no more money is given, public recognition can still make people work harder人们工作是为了赚钱还是为了社会地位.2012.3.24To make children do well in school, parents should limit the hours that children spend on watching TV or movies.2012.4.14Some people think that human needs for farmland, housing, and industry are more important than saving land for endangered animals. Do you agree or disagree with this point of view? Why or why not? Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.你是否认为濒危动物需要土地的重要性超过人类，我们是否应该认识到保护濒危动物的重要性？2012.4.22讲大学应该投资于设备还是师资。
2012.4.28It is important to know the events happening around the world, even though they may not affect our daily life.2012.5.12Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to choose a university whose graduates have good job opportunities than a university who has famous professors.2012.5.20选大学，是选将来能找到好工作的，还是有好教授的大学2012.5.26过去的老师比现在的老师对年轻人的影响力更大。
2012.6.09Do you agree or disagree with the following statements? it's often not a good thing to a new town or a new country because of the lose of old friends?2012.6.17是对于完成作业是家长帮助的好还是学生自己独立做的好2012.6.30阅读报纸和杂志可以了解一个foreign 国家2012.7.14Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: It is better for your friend to ask you for help (suppose you are good at the subject) than to turn to a tutor when he finds it hard to pass an examination.2012.7.15It's important for the governments to provide money to things that are beautiful and not just for things that are practical.2012.7.22城市里还是农村里更适合take care of family？2012.7.28Some people think to live away from family and friends with high salaries; the other people think to stay with your family and friends with less pay问高薪但是离家很远的工作好还是底薪但是和家人在一起的工作好你选哪个？2012.8.19Cars (automobiles) have greater effect on society than airplane2012.8.251、Do you agree or disagree, for a country\'s successful development, it is more important for the government to spend money on education of very young children(5 to 10 years old) than to spend money on universities.2、Do you agree or disagree with that The pinions of celebrities, such as entertainer, athlete, are more important to younger people than they are to the older people.2012.8.26Whether parents should let children make and learn from their own mistakes2012.9.2Do you agree or disagree with the statement: Competition with friends usually have negative effect on friendship?2012.9.8现在的社会和五十年前已经不一样了，Grandparents的advice对于他们的grandchildren没有用。
你同意还是不同意这个观点。
2012.9.16Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: The most important investment for a big company is to improve the efficiency and proficiency of its employees.2012.9.20Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Students are more interested in politics today than before2012.9.22Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Although science and technology will con tinue to improve, the most significant improvement for the quality of people's lives has already ta ken place.2012.9.23Do you agree or disagree: For success in school and work, the ability to adapt or adjust to a changing condition or circumstance is more important than having excellent knowledge of a job or a field to study.2012.10.13Do you agree or disagree with the statement: It's much easier to achieve success without help from one's family than in the past.2012.10.14To make children do well in school, it is important for parents to limit the hours that children spend on watching TV programs or movies.2012.10.19Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Reading a student does on his/her own is as important as, or even more important than reading a student does because it is assigned by teachers.2012.10.27Do you agree or disagree that some important problems would be solved during your lifetime2012.10.28Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? The government and corporation should share all their scientific discoveries with other countries in the world? Please use specific details and examples to support your opinion.2012.11.2三选一，你愿意作出下列那种改变improve your health1. The kind of food you eat2. The amount of exercise3. The amount of stress2012.11.10The best way for a teacher to let student become interested in a subject is to help them know how to use it in their lives outside school.2012.11.18It is more important for professor to teach students or do researches?。