考博英语模拟试题
考博英语 模拟试题
考博英语模拟试题在准备考博英语考试时，模拟试题是非常重要的练习方法。
通过不断地做模拟试题，可以帮助考生熟悉考试形式和题型，提高应试能力并更好地应对考试考查的内容。
下面是一份考博英语的模拟试题，供大家参考。
第一部分：听力理解第一节（共5题）1. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. The benefits of studying abroad.B. The difficulties of studying abroad.C. The differences between studying at home and abroad.2. Where does the conversation most likely take place?A. In a coffee shop.B. In a university.C. In a library.3. What does the man imply about the woman?A. She needs to improve her writing skills.B. She should focus more on her grammar.C. She should seek help from a tutor.4. What does the woman think the man should do first?A. Revise his essay.B. Read the feedback.C. Talk to the professor.5. What is the man's overall opinion about the assignment?A. It was easy.B. It was challenging.C. It was interesting.第二部分：阅读理解Questions 6-10Do preset study routines work better for you when you study at night? There have been numerous studies that analyze when it is best to study. Some suggest a shift in materials shortly before sleep, before switching sleep cycles. Others believe that morning study sessions could mean higher success rates on exams. Nonetheless, the question remains about when it is best to study, rather than if it is best at all.6. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. The benefits of studying at night.B. The importance of study routines.C. The best time to study.7. According to the passage, what do some studies suggest about studying before sleep?A. It leads to higher exam scores.B. It helps with sleep cycles.C. It is not recommended.8. What is the main focus of the studies mentioned in the passage?A. The duration of study sessions.B. The time of day for studying.C. The type of material studied.9. Why do some believe morning study sessions are beneficial?A. They improve memory retention.B. They lead to better sleep.C. They result in higher success rates.10. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The best study materials to use.B. The benefits of preset study routines.C. The ongoing debate regarding when to study.......通过这份模拟试题的练习，考生可以更好地了解考博英语考试的题型和内容，从而有针对性地进行备考。
2022年考研考博-考博英语-通用考博英语考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷(带答案)试题号：100
2022年考研考博-考博英语-通用考博英语考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题Youngsters who drink and smoke, and are often absent from school are far more likely to be （） from school.问题1选项A.inducedB.disobeyedC.expelledD.forbidden【答案】C【解析】动词词义辨析。
选项A, B, D都不能与介词from搭配应用。
be expelled from school意为被学校开除, 符合句意。
句意：酗酒、吸烟、经常旷课的青少年更有可能被学校开除。
2.单选题At the press conference, the Prime Minister（）the government’s refusal to compromise with terrorists.问题1选项A.rectifiedB.recitedC.rekindledD.reiterated【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。
rectify“调整，矫正”；recite “背诵，叙述”；rekindle “复燃”；reiterate “重申，重复”。
句意：在记者招待会上，首相重申了政府拒绝向恐怖分子妥协这一申明。
选项D符合题意。
3.单选题Why be（）about that old coat? There’s no point in keeping it just because you were wearing it when you first met me.问题1选项A.sensitiveB.sensibleC.sentimentalD.sensational【答案】C【解析】be sentimental about sth.为固定搭配，意为“对....很伤感”。
4.单选题The aim of the president’s speech was to convince still reluctant countries of the great necessity of imposing sanctions against the countries that（）terrorists.问题1选项A.kidnappedB.harassedC.heckledD.harbored【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。
医学博士外语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
医学博士外语模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. 2. 3. 4. 5. PartⅢCloze 6. PartⅣReading Comprehension 7. PartⅤWritingSection A听力原文：W: How is Bill? I heard that he’ s got his ankle hurt severely. M: Well, that jolly fellow is in good shape now.Q: What do we learn about Bill from this conversation?1．A．He has hurt his uncle severely.B．He benefits a lot from doing exercises.C．He is very happy to have a better figure now.D．He is in good health now.正确答案：D解析：文中指出Bill脚踝受伤了，但现在已经in good shape即“处于良好的健康状况”，故D项正确。
听力原文：M: What kind of father am I? My only son almost died and I didn’ t even know he was ill.W: Don’ t blame yourself. You are too busy to pay attention to him. If his mother were still alive, things would have been much better. Q: Why does the man blame himself?2．A．His only son is dying.B．His mother died some years ago.C．He didn’ t look after his sick wife.D．He hasn’ t taken good care of his son.正确答案：D解析：从男子的话“I didn’t even know he was ill”可以看出他为没有照看好儿子而自责，故D项正确。
考博英语模拟试题
考博英语模拟试题一、阅读理解（共4篇，每篇5题，每题2分，共40分）阅读下列文章，然后回答后面的问题。
文章一：随着全球化的发展，英语作为国际交流的主要语言，其重要性日益凸显。
然而，对于非英语母语国家的学生来说，学习英语往往是一项挑战。
本文将探讨英语学习的难点以及应对策略。
1. 英语中存在大量的不规则动词，这些动词的过去式和过去分词形式往往没有规律可循。
例如，“go”的过去式是“went”，而“eat”的过去分词是“eaten”。
学生需要通过大量的记忆和实践来掌握这些不规则形式。
2. 英语的发音对于许多非母语者来说也是一个难题。
英语中有多种音标，而且不同地区口音的差异也会影响学习者的理解。
因此，提高听力和口语能力需要大量的听力训练和模仿练习。
3. 英语词汇量庞大，学习者需要不断扩充词汇量。
除了课本学习，阅读英文原著、观看英文电影和参加英语角等活动都是有效的学习方式。
4. 英语语法结构复杂，尤其是从句的使用。
学习者需要通过练习和分析来掌握不同从句的用法。
5. 英语文化背景知识也是学习过程中不可忽视的一部分。
了解英语国家的历史、文化和习俗可以帮助学习者更好地理解语言背后的深层含义。
问题：1. 英语中不规则动词的难点在于它们的什么？2. 为什么英语发音对于非母语者来说是一个挑战？3. 扩充英语词汇量的有效方法有哪些？4. 英语语法中哪个部分对于学习者来说较为复杂？5. 为什么了解英语国家的文化背景对学习者很重要？文章二：在现代科技的推动下，人工智能（AI）技术正迅速发展，并逐渐渗透到我们生活的方方面面。
AI技术不仅在工业生产中发挥着重要作用，也在医疗、教育、交通等领域展现出巨大的潜力。
1. AI技术在医疗领域的应用主要体现在辅助诊断、个性化治疗和远程医疗等方面。
通过深度学习算法，AI能够分析大量的医疗数据，帮助医生做出更准确的诊断。
2. 在教育领域，AI可以提供个性化学习方案，根据学生的学习进度和理解能力，调整教学内容和难度，从而提高学习效率。
考博英语模拟试卷226(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语模拟试卷226(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．He was a brilliant musician as a boy, but he never______his early promise.A．completedB．performedC．concludedD．fulfilled正确答案：D解析：本题测试动词与promise的搭配。
只有fulfill与promise搭配表示“实现诺言”。
知识模块：词汇2．Hydrogeology is the study of water and its properties, including its ______ and movement in and through land areas.A．flowB．absorptionC．distributionD．evaporation正确答案：C解析：本题空格处是说包括它的分布和运动。
C项distribution“分布”符合题意。
其他三项flow“流动”，absorption“吸收”，evaporation“蒸发”都不正确。
知识模块：词汇3．Because a circle has no beginning or end, the wedding ring is a symbol of______love.A．extravagantB．prominentC．prescientD．eternal正确答案：D解析：本题空格处是说结婚戒指是永恒爱情的象征。
D项eternal“永恒的”符合题意，如：Eternal life to the revolutionary martyrs!(革命先烈永垂不朽!)其他三项extravagant“奢侈的，浪费的”，prominent“卓越的，显著的”，prescient“预见的，先知的”都不正确。
考博英语模拟试卷118(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语模拟试卷118(题后含答案及解析) 题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Grammar 3. Reading Comprehension Structure and V ocabulary1．With her last child having left home, she felt a ______ need to fill her time.A．tenseB．thoroughC．pressingD．small正确答案：C2．it is generally thought that as teachers work with students, psychology course work is ______ to teacher-training.A．indispensableB．inviolateC．indisposedD．invariable正确答案：A3．The announcement of the death of their leader caused thereafter a feeling of great despair to ______ their lives.A．overflowB．scatterC．permeateD．manipulate正确答案：C4．Fear of pirate ______ led the French to fortify their coastline.A．excursionsB．incursionsC．transmigrationsD．transmogrifications正确答案：B5．During the oil crisis of the 1970s, many states ______ speed limits to reduce gasoline use.A．implantedB．imposedC．impairedD．impressed正确答案：B6．Over-taxation, many argue, impedes initiative, so that government income may actually ______.A．mushroomB．capsizeC．shrinkD．dispel正确答案：C7．The assassin hid himself carefully from view before ______ his future victim.A．drawing fromB．drawing upC．drawing withD．drawing on正确答案：D8．He never exerts himself to aid those trying to ______ a difficult situation.A．rectifyB．modifyC．solidifyD．verify正确答案：A9．His alibi was fishy, yet ______ to close scrutiny.A．stood stillB．withstoodC．stood upD．stood off正确答案：C10．Practitioners of law and medicine are esteemed in many countries which seems to indicate that ______ depends on profession or title.A．prestigeB．superiorityC．privilegeD．merit正确答案：A11．The majority of the observers at the conference, in contradistinction to the delegates, were opposed to ratification.A．adjournmentB．distributionC．tablingD．approval正确答案：D12．Although it was none of my business I asked her if the one she was lamenting for was in any way kin.A．speaking forB．running risks forC．pleading forD．mourning for正确答案：D13．I could never spend the time that he does pouring over sports magazines, compiling intricate lists, and calculating averages.A．delicateB．incomprehensibleC．meaninglessD．complicated正确答案：D14．In England, Latin appears never to have superseded the old Gaelic speech among the people.A．joinedB．replacedC．influencedD．given way to正确答案：B15．Landslides triggered by heavy rainfall impeded our best attempts at rescuing the victims.A．encouragedB．hinderedC．nullifiedD．crowned正确答案：B16．Death ensued as a result of suffocation.A．heart failureB．an accidentC．diseaseD．asphyxiation正确答案：D17．We must safeguard against coerced confessions.A．bribedB．emotionalC．unprofitableD．forced正确答案：D18．My attention was engaged by the article’s caption.A．graphB．authorC．contentsD．title正确答案：D19．The report was unusual in that it insinuated corruption on the part of the minister.A．deniedB．suggestedC．proposedD．stated正确答案：B20．When a newspaper prints an inaccurate date for an event, universal chagrin results.A．discomfitureB．amusementC．reprisalD．loss of profit正确答案：AGrammar21．______ sugar ______ salt is oil water.A．Not as... asB．No more than... asC．Not more than... isD．Not more than... as正确答案：B22．His mother frequently denies him permission to do things, and that is ______.A．everB．thisC．thatD．over正确答案：C23．The staff in pediatrics ______ rushed whereas the geriatric ward is not busy at all.A．is nearly alwaysB．nearly is alwaysC．always is nearlyD．is always nearly正确答案：A24．Anais Nin’s diaries are often scandalous, probably because she describes herself as she is rather than ______.A．others define herB．as others define herC．her definition by othersD．she is defined by others正确答案：B25．______ , the mayor conceded defeat in his bid for re-election.A．Having racked up a lead of some 150000 votesB．Having been racked up a lead of some 150000 votesC．His opponent having racked up a lead of some 150000 votesD．His opponent racking up a lead of some 150000 votes正确答案：C26．Never has a scientific explanation emerged, ______ someone somewhere has objected to it.A．thatB．whichC．whomD．but正确答案：D27．Your mentor and friend ______ to support me in my financial, undertaking.A．have consentedB．has consentedC．have been consentingD．are consented正确答案：B28．Due in large part to the complexity of its structure--over two hundred bones ______ together by ligaments--the human skeleton is a marvel of architectural construction.A．bindingB．boundC．boundedD．bind正确答案：B29．In as much as a year does not elapse without a certain number of villagers falling victim to the ferocity of a tiger, its roar is ______ heard by the natives ______ feelings of terror.A．not... withB．not... withoutC．seldom... withD．always... without正确答案：B30．I regret to say that your thesis requires more thinking than ______ for the problem is exceedingly complex.A．to be put inB．has been put inC．being put inD．have been put in正确答案：B31．One of the (more intriguing) theories about the destruction of Ur is his contention that the population (may destroy) their ziggurats and (abandoned) their metropolis in anger against the deities that permitted (so long) a famine.A．more intriguingB．may destroyC．abandonedD．so long正确答案：B32．In the bush, the ill (took it to be) only logical (if) the one who could dure an illness (should also possess) the ability of causing it, and (that) even at a distance.A．took it to beB．ifC．should also possessD．that正确答案：B33．Ores which (are occurred) naturally (as) elements, such as gold (are of) extreme rarity and (are occasionally) of high value.A．are occurredB．asC．are ofD．are occasionally正确答案：A34．Unless (they are so permitted) by the attending (physician), no visitors or relatives (can) enter, the (patient’s) roomA．they are so permittedB．physicianC．canD．patient’s正确答案：C35． A rigorous alertness (must be) (adhered) when (notetaking) with the inessential ignored (and) the superfluous eliminated.A．must beB．adheredC．notetakingD．and正确答案：B36．It is (largely) through perspiration, (or) the evaporation of water (through) the pores, that humans(rid them) of excess moisture.A．largelyB．orC．throughD．rid them正确答案：D37．(Provided) the computer is (given) correct information (to start), accuracy (is) another outstanding advantage.A．ProvidedB．givenC．to startD．is正确答案：C38．And (so early) every morning (therefore), but not before the infant (bathed), (did she betake) herself to the outhouse.A．so earlyB．thereforeC．bathedD．did she betake正确答案：C39．He (stood) on tiptoe, (stretching) as far as he could, (however), still, he (could not reach) the book.A．stoodB．stretchingC．howeverD．could not reach正确答案：C40．(As gentle as possible), and (with help from) an assistant, the veterinarian examined the hippo to determine (if) (she) was pregnant.A．As gentle as possibleB．with help fromC．ifD．she正确答案：AReading ComprehensionResearchers disagree whether the “use it or lose it”philosophy holds for cognitive aging, but there is one evidence that keeping mentally active can slow age-related declines. At Pennsylvania State University, Sherry Willis and her husband, K. Warner Schaie, have studied 5000 people, some since 1956. People lucky enough to avoid chronic diseases may also fare better in intellectual function, they find, perhaps because chronic diseases can restrict lifestyle and reduce mental stimulation. Similarly, those lucky enough to be relatively affluent also fare better, perhaps because money can buy intellectually stimulating things like travel. Education helps, too, researchers say because of instills the conviction that you can always learn something new. The Schaie-Willis team also has some other observations. Being in a stable marriage with a stimulating spouse, they say, helps maintain intellectual vigor. Flexibility counts too. People who stay mentally vibrant are often those who do not insist that “they must do things today as they did before”Schaie says. In neuropsychological terms, the ability to see problems in new ways often yields higher scores on tests of-mental function. And people satisfied with life also stay more mentally fit, he says. If you find your mental skills sagging, consider working on specific deficits. When Willis gave 5-hour tutorials on inductive reasoning or spatial skills to about 200 people whose skills had declined in the previous 14 years, 40 percent regained lost abilities. That advantage held up seven years late when they were retested. Other ways to stay sharp, Schaie says, are doing jigsaw puzzles to hone visuo-spatial skills, working crossword puzzles for verbal skills, playing bridge for memory and simply matching wits at home with players on TV game shows. Finally, remember this. Even though you may lose some mental skills with normal aging, you also gain in one key area: wisdom. The growth of wisdom continues throughout the 40s, 50s and even 60s.41．In the passage, the author mainly discuss ______.A．the role mental stimulation in preventing mental aging,B．gradual loss of mental skills with normal aging.C．the relationship between mental function and spatial skills.D．effective ways to keep intellectual vigor.正确答案：D42．The word “it” in the saying “use it or lose it” (paragraph 1) refer to ______.A．brain powerB．cognitive developmentC．mental stimulatingD．intellectual function正确答案：A43．According ;to the researchers, which of the following factors affects cognitive aging?A．EducationB．Chronic illnessC．Standard of livingD．All of the above正确答案：D44．From this passage we may safely infer that ______ might help prevent mental declines.A．physical exercisesB．social interconnectionsC．rigid daily routinesD．a healthy diet正确答案：A45．According to the author, all of the following can truly be said about wisdom EXCEPT that ______.A．wisdom may be thought of as a special form of abilities and knowledge completely developed with life experience.B．wisdom may still grow even when the process of mental aging started.C．wisdom is superior in importance to mental skills such as inductive reasoning and spatial skills.D．wisdom makes up an important part of brain power.正确答案：CGeneration gaps are nothing new. Imperfect communication between age groups plagued the ancient Greeks and current works alike. Many an older worker chafes at an under-30 colleague who surfs the Internet, listens to his Sony Walkman and chats on the phone or with his desk mate, all while working on a projectdue in an hour. Sometimes, of course, he isn’t corking, and that’s a whole different issue. But sometimes he is getting lots of great stuff done. In the meantime, the different work styles create a case of “Would you please shut up” vs. “Lighten up. Get a life”Marc Prensky, vice president of Bankers Trust and founder of its interactive learning subsidiary, Corporate Gameware, was on point in Across the board, a publication of the conference board. The business research organization titled Prensky’s article “Twitch Speed,”a reference to the fast pace of video game play. Today under-30 workers likely grew up in a multimedia, technology-rich, twitch-speed environment. Prensky says they simultaneously did homework, watched TV and listened to music; this exposure changed the ways they receive and process information. Baby boomers and older workers may or may not have done homework by TV, but much else has changed. Sociologists say the over-30s are more likely to want room doors close. TV off, one thing happening at a time, quiet, please! When the two heritages clash in the workplace, it pits comfort with speed and “multitasking”against comfort with deliberation and focused concentration. Sound familiar? If the gap has become a chasm in your workplace, it’s time to talk. Both work styles can be productive, but both sides need to make accommodations so the other’s productivity isn’t impaired.46．This passage is mainly talking about ______.A．generation gapsB．work styles of different age groupsC．lack of mutual understanding between the old and the youngD．imperfect communication between old and young workers正确答案：B47．From the context we may figure out that the word “plagued” (paragraph 1 ) means ______.A．annoyedB．infectedC．damagedD．affected正确答案：C48．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A．Older workers often feel annoyed about their young colleagues’attitudes towards work.B．Younger workers always do a good job of their work though they prefer to listen to music or chat with others while working.C．The different work styles may sometimes lead to an unnecessary argument.D．Older workers are used to working in a comfortable and quiet environment sothat they can fully concentrate on what they are doing.正确答案：B49．The author agrees with Marc Prensky on the point that younger workers prefer a “multitasking” style because ______.A．they are smart and energeticB．they have the special ability to perform several tasks at the same time.C．brought up in a special cultural background, they have developed a behavioral pattern different from that of their older colleagues.D．they have been trained to receive and process information in a special way.正确答案：C50．The author maintains that both sides should ______ if the two pattern work styles clash headlong.A．be patientB．realize that both work styles are productiveC．make efforts to avoid doing damage to the other’s productivityD．make compromise to bridge the gulf between them正确答案：CA child who has once been pleased with a tale likes, as a rule, to have it retold in identically the same words, but this should not lead parents to treat printed fairy stories as sacred texts. It is always much better to tell a story than read it out of a book, and if a parent can produce what, in the actual circumstances of the time and the individual child, is an improvement on the printed test, so much the better. A charge made against fairy tales is that they harm the child by frightening him or arousing his sadistic impulses. To prove the latter, one would have to show in a controlled experiment that children who have read fairy stories were more often g0.ilty of cruelty than those who had not. Every child has aggressive, destructive, sadistic impulses and, on the whole, their symbolic verbal discharge seems to be rather a safety valve than an incitement to overt action. As to fears, there are I think, well-authenticated cases of children being dangerously terrified by some fairy story. Often, however, this arises form the child having heard the story once. familiarity with the story by repetition turns the pain of fear into other pleasure of the fear faced and mastered. There are also people who object fairy stories on the grounds that they are not objectively true, that faints, witches, two-headed dragons, magic carpets, etc, do not exist, and that, instead of indulging his fantasies in fairy tales, the child should be taught how to adapt to reality by studying history and mechanics. I find such people, I must confess, so unsympathetic and peculiar that I do not know how to argue with them. If their ease were sound, the world should be full of madmen attempting to fly from New York to Philadelphia on a broomstick or covering atelephone with kisses in the belief that it was their enchanted girlfriend. No fairy story ever claimed to be a description of the external work and no sane child had ever believed that it was.51．The author considers that a fairy story is more effective when it is ______.A．repeated without variationB．treated with reverenceC．adapted by the parentD．set in the present正确答案：C52．Some people dislike fairy stories they feel that they ______.A．tempt people to be cruel to childrenB．show the primitive cruelty in childrenC．lend themselves to undesirable experiments with childrenD．increase a tendency by which children’s impulses may be正确答案：D53．Fairy stories are a means by which children’s impulses may be ______.A．beneficially channeledB．given a destructive tendencyC．held back until maturityD．effectively suppressed正确答案：A54．The advantage claimed for repeating fairy stories to young children is that it ______.A．makes them come to terms with their fearsB．develops their power of memoryC．convinces them there is nothing to be afraid ofD．encourages them not to have ridiculous beliefs正确答案：C55．The author’s mention of broomsticks and telephones is meant to suggest that ______.A．fairy stories are still being made upB．there is confusion about different kinds of truthC．people try to modernize old fairy storiesD．there is more concern for children’s fears nowadays正确答案：BNo other country spends what we do per capita for medical care. The care available is among the Best technically, even if used too lavishly and thus dangerously, but none of the countries that stand above us in health status have such a high proportion of medically disenfranchised persons. Given the evidence that medical care is not that valuable and access to care is nor that had, it seems most unlikely that our bad showing is caused By the significant proportion who are poorly served. Other hypotheses have greater explanatory power: excessive poverty, both actual and relative, and excessive affluence. Excessive poverty is probably more prevalent in the U. S. than in any of the countries that have a better infant mortality rate and female life expectancy at birth. This is probably true also for all but four or five of the countries with a longer male life expectancy. In the notably poor counties that exceed us in male survival, difficult living conditions are a more accepted way of life and in several of them, a good basic diet, basic medical care and basic education, and lifelong employment opportunities are an everyday fact of life. In the U. S. a motional unemployment level of 10 percent can be 40 percent in the ghetto while less than 4 percent elsewhere. The countries that have surpassed us in health do not have such severe or entrenched problems. Nor are such a high proportion of their people involve in them. Excessive affluence is not so obvious a cause of ill health, but, at least until recently, few other nations could afford such unhealthful ways of living, excessive intake of animal protein and fats, dangerous intake of alcohol and use of tobacco and drugs (prescribed and proscribed), and dangerous recreational sports and driving habits are all possible only because of affluence. Our heritage, desires, opportunities, and our machismo, combined with the relatively low cost of had foods and speedy vehicles, make us particularly vulnerable to our affluence. And those who are not affluent try harder. Our unacceptable health status, then, will not be improved appreciably by expanded medical resources nor by their redistribution so much as by a general attempt to improve the quality of life for all.56．All of the following are mentioned in the passage as factors affecting the health of the population EXCEPT ______.A．the availability of medical care servicesB．the genetic endowment of individualsC．the nation’s relative position in health statusD．an individual’s own behavior正确答案：C57．The author is primarily concerned with ______.A．condemning the U. S. for its failure to provide better medical care to the poor.B．evaluating the relative significance of factors contributing to the poor healthstatus in the U.S.C．comparing the general health of the U. S. population with world averagesD．advocating specific measures designed to improve the health of U. S. population正确答案：B58．The passage best supports which of the following conclusions about the relationship between per capita expenditure of the health of a population?A．The per capita expenditure for medical care has relatively little effect on the total amount of medical care available to a population.B．The genetic makeup of a population is a more powerful determinant of the health of a population than the per capital expenditure for medical care.C．A population may have very high per capita expenditures for medical care and yet have a lower health status than other populations with lower per capita expenditures.D．The higher the per capita expenditure on medical care, the more advanced is the medical technology; and the more advanced the technology, the better is the health of the population.正确答案：C59．The author refers to the excessive intake of alcohol and tobacco and drug use in order to ______.A．show that some heath problems cannot be attacked by better medical care.B．demonstrate that use of tobacco and intoxicants is detrimental to health.C．cite examples of individual behavior that have adverse consequences for health status.D．illustrate ways in which affluence may contribute to poor health status.正确答案：D60．The passage provides information m answer which of the following questions?A．Which is the most powerful influence on the health status of a population?B．Which nation in the world leads in health status?C．Is the life expectancy of males in the U. S. longer than of females?D．What are the most important genetic factors influencing the health of an individual?正确答案：AIn the 1960s, medical researchers Thomas Holmes and Richard Rahe developed a checklist of stressful events. They appreciated the tricky point that anymajor change can be stressful. Negative events like “serious illness of a family member”were high on the list but so were some positive life-changing events like marriage. When you take the Holmes-Rahe test you must remember that the score does not reflect how you deal with stress, it only shows how much you have chances of staying healthy. By the early 1970s, hundreds of similar studies had followed Holmes and Rahe. And millions of Americans who work and live under stress worried over the reports. Somehow the research got boiled down to a memorable message. Women’s magazines ran headlines like “Stress causes illness.”“If you want to stay physically and mentally healthy,” the articles said, “avoid stressful events.” But such simplistic advice is impossible to follow. Even if stressful events are dangerous, many, like the death of a loved one, are impossible to avoid. Moreover, any warning to avoid all stressful events is a prescription for staying away from opportunities as well as trouble. Since any change can be stressful, a person who wanted to be completely free of stress would never marry, have a child, take a new job or move. The notion that all stress makes you sick also ignores a lot of what we know about people. It assumes we’re all vulnerable and passive in the face of adversity. But what about human initiative and creativity? Many come through periods of stress with more physical and mental vigor than they had before. We also know that a long time without change or challenge can lead to boredom and mental strain.61．The result of Holmes-Rahe’s medical research tell us ______.A．the way you handle major events may cause stressB．what should be done to avoid stressC．what kind of event would cause stressD．how to cope with sudden changes in life正确答案：C62．The studies on stress in the early 1970’s led to ______.A．widespread concern over its harmful effectsB．great panic over the mental disorder it could causeC．intensive research into stress-related illnessesD．popular avoidance of stressful jobs正确答案：A63．The score of the Holmes-Rahe test shows ______.A．how much pressure you are underB．how positive events can change you lifeC．how stressful a major event can beD．how you can deal with life-changing events正确答案：A64．Why is “such simplistic advice” (Line Par A.3) impossible to follow?A．No one can stay on the same job for longB．No prescription is effective in relieving stressC．People have to get married somedayD．You could be missing opportunities as well正确答案：D65．According to the passage people who have experienced ups and downs may become ______.A．nervous when faced with difficultiesB．physically and mentally strainedC．more capable of coping with adversityD．indifferent toward what happens to them正确答案：C“Most episodes of absent-mindedness--forgetting where you lift something or wondering why you just entered a room--are caused by a simple lack of attention,”says Schacter, “you are supposed to remember something but you haven’t encoded deeply.” Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you are involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe. “Your memory itself isn’t failing you,” says Schacter, “rather you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”Laek of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,” says Zelinski, “may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.’ Women have slightly better memories than men possibly because they pay more attention to their environment and memory relies on just that. “Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness.”says Schacter. “But be sure the cue is clear and available,”he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table--don’t leave it in the medicine chest and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket. Another common episode of absent-mindedness like walking into a room and wondering why you’re there is most likely because you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time,’ says Zelinske. The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room and you will likely remember.66．Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important?A．It helps us understand our memory system better.B．It enables us to recall something from our memory.C．It expands our memory capacity considerably.D．It slows down the process of losing our memory.正确答案：B67．One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that ______.A．they have a wider range of interestsB．they are more reliant on the environmentC．they have an unusual power of focusing their attentionD．they are more interested in what’s happening around them正确答案：D68．A note in the pocket can hardly serve as a reminder because ______.A．it will easily get lostB．it’s not clear enough for you to readC．it’s out of your sightD．it might get mixed up with other things正确答案：C69．What do we learn from the last paragraph?A．If we focus our attention on one thing, we might forget another.B．Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment.C．Repetition helps improve our memory.D．If we keep forgetting things, we’d better return to where we were.正确答案：B70．What is the passage mainly about?A．The process of gradual memory loss.B．The causes of absent-mindedness.C．The impact of the environment on memory.D．A way of encoding and recalling.正确答案：BIt is hard to track the blue whale, the ocean’s largest creature, Which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling and is now listed as an endangered species. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior. So biologists were delighted early this year when with the help of the Navy they were able to track a particular blue whale for 43。
考博英语模拟试题及答案解析
考博英语模拟试题Part I Cloze (0. 5 x 20 = 10%)Directions: In this part you are asked to choose the best word for each blank in the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet.The most famous painter in Victoria's history is Emily Carr. When she was a child，she discovered that walking in the woods 1 more to her than playing with other children, and that she was more interested in 2 the streets of old Victoria than playing at home with 3 and spending her time making up.Emily was a cute little girl who spent 4 of her childhood in Beacon Hill Park 5 was very close to her home. Drawing 6 her, and she also liked to play with the pets. She had ducks and chickens, and even 7 a monkey. She was 8 interested in the First Nations people and the Chinese people she saw in Victoria's Chinatown. Their culture and way of dressing seemed so 9 from her own.As she became a young, strong and 10 woman, Emily began to go on long trips into the forests to11 and draw what she saw. She loved the free and simple 12 of the First Nations people. In the summer of 1895 she went on 13 with two other women to 14 the wilderness along the Cowichan River that runs through Duncan, 15 north of Victoria.She knew more about their lifestyle and the forests of B. C. than 16 other European woman.When you look at her paintings you can sense the 17 of these dark mysterious forests. Her paintings are now very famous and, 18 the dark colors may not be attractive to some people, they19 the beauty and mystery of the deep woods and the skill of a great artist. Emily was a very brave and independent woman. She walked through the woods alone, even though she knew that bears and wolves might be her only 201. A. attracted B. appealed C. allured D. induced2. A. dashing B. strolling C. jogging D. roaming3. A. friends B. mates C. dolls D. parents4. A. much B. lots C. more D. many5. A. where B. which C. since D. it6. A. fascinated B. bewildered C. captured D. indulged7. A. fed B. domesticated C. trained D. confined8. A.particularly B.almost C. constantly D. intrinsically9. A. diverse B.various C. distinct D.outstanding10. A. special B. independent C. lonely D. unaided11. A. paint B. record C. describe D. take12. A. society B. work C. lifestyle D. pace13. A. an adventure B. an exploitation C. a tour D. an expedition14. A. check B. explore C. examine D. search15. A. only B. just C. much D. in16. A. any B. some C. certain D. none17. A. mood B. tone C. taste D. atmosphereI8. A. if B. otherwise C. though D. but19. A. evoke B. arouse C. remind D. raise20. A.enemies B. foods C. companions D. friendsⅡ. Reading comprehension (20 x 2 = 40% )Directions: There are four passages in this part. After each passage, there are five questions, you are to choose the best answer for each question. Write your answers on the answer sheet.Passage OneFast food, a mainstay of American eating for decades, may have reached a plateau in the United States as the maturing baby-boom generation looks for a more varied menu. Fast food still represents a $ 102 billion a year industry, but growth has turned sluggish recently amid tough competition from retail food stores and a more affluent population willing to try new things and spend more, analysts say. Signs of trouble in fast food include price-cutting by industry leaders, including efforts by McDonald's to attract customers with a 55 cent hamburger, and major players pulling out or selling. O'Pepsico, for example, is selling its fast-food restaurant division that includes Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and KFC."It's becoming harder and harder for these firms to grow," said Jim Brown, a professor of marketing at Virginia Tech University. "I think in the United States fast food has reached a saturation (饱和) point because of the number of competitors and the number of outlets."Fast-food restaurant revenues grew 2. 5 percent in 1996 according to industry figures, the slowest since the recession of 1991. That is for cry from (大不相同于) the levels of the 1970s and 1980s. According to the Food Marketing Institute, consumers are using supermarkets for 21 percent of take-home food, nearly double the level of a year ago. While fast-food restaurants still lead, their share slipped significantly, from 48 percent in 1996 to 41 percent in 1997."Consumers have never been more demanding than they are today," said Michael Sansolo, senior vice president of the Supermarket Trade Group. "They are pressed for time. Money is still an issue.-, but their tastes are increasingly diverse -- whether it's gourmet foods, ethnic foods or organic offerings."Meanwhile, the aging of the baby-boom population -- and the growth in the number of so-called "empty nesters" with grown children -- has meant a surge in the number of people willing to spend more for upscale items. This generation "will have the luxury of being more discriminating" as their children leave home, notes Harry Balzer, vice president of the Chicago-based NPD consulting group. Balzer said some 18 million baby boomers will become empty-nesters in the next 10 years, leaving them with more disposable income to spend on dining out. "Fast and cheap will still be driving factors.., but our definitions of fast and cheap may be changing."Various reports suggest industry leader McDonald's is struggling, losing market share, with lower same-store sales while cutting back the number of new outlets in the United States, partly due to pressure from franchisers who don't want to be squeezed. The company replaced the head of its 12,000 US restaurant chain last October amid a slump in US market share.21. What does the passage mainly tell about?A. Fast food disappoints consumers.B. People prefer less expensive food.C. McDonald's dominates the market of fast food.D. Fast food is losing its attraction.22. What can we learn from the passage?A. O'Pepsico goes bankrupt.B. The number of supermarkets doubles.C. Jim Brown takes a negative attitude towards the development of fast food.D. McDonald's survives from the competition with retail food stores.23. What is NOT true about baby-boom generation?A. They seek a variety of food.B. They have come of age.C. They will spend more money on food.D. They tend to have luxurious food.24. Which of the following is not mentioned as an influence on people's choices of food?A. Speed and price of the food.B. Diversity of the food.C. Tastes of the consumers.D. Age of the consumers.25. What brings trouble to fast food industry?A. Customers' demand and competition with retailers.B. The aging baby-boomer and diversity of food.C. Competition with retailers and diversity of food.D. Customers' demand and the aging of baby-boomer.Passage TwoParents of wailing (哀号) babies, take comfort: You are not alone. Chimpanzee babies fuss. Sea gull chicks squawk. Burying beetle larvae tap their parents' legs. Throughout the animal kingdom, babies know how to get their parents' attention. Exactly why evolution has produced all this fussing, squawking and tapping is a question many biologists are trying to answer.Someday, that answer may shed some light on the mystery of crying in human babies. "It may point researchers in the right direction to find the cause of excessive crying," said Joseph Soltis, a bioacoustics expert at Disney's Animal Kingdom in Lake Buena Vista. Florida. Soltis published an article on the evolution of crying in the current issue of Behavioral and Brain Sciences.Young animals vary in how much they cry, squawk or otherwise communicate with their parents, and studies with mice, beetles and monkeys show that this variation is partly based on genes. Some level of crying in humans, of course, is based on gas pains and messy diapers. But as for the genetic contribution, you might expect that natural selection would favor genes for noisier children, since they would get more attention.Before long, however, this sort of deception may be ruinous. If the signals of offspring became totally unreliable, parents would no longer benefit from paying attention. Some evolutionary biologists have proposed that natural selection should therefore favor so-called honest advertisements. Some biologists have speculated that these honest advertisements may not just tell a parent which offspring are hungry. They might also show their parent that they are healthy and vigorous and therefore worth some extra investment. The babies of monkeys cry out to their mothers and tend to cry even more around the time their mothers wean (断奶) them. The mothers, in response, begin to ignore most of their babies' distress calls, since most turn out to be false alarms."Initially, mothers respond any time an infant cries," said Dario Maestripieri, a primatologist at the University of Chicago. "But as the cries increase, they respond less and less. They become more skeptical. So infants start crying less. So they go through these cycles, adjusting their responses."Kim Bard, a primatologist at the University of Plymouth in England, has spent more than a decade observing chimpanzee babies. "Chimps can cry for a long time if something terrible is happening to them, but when you pick them up, they stop," Bard said. "I've never seen anychimpanzees in the first three months of life be inconsolable."Maestripieri and other researchers say these evolutionary forces may have also shaped the cries of human babies. "All primate infants cry." Maestripieri said. "It'sa very conserved behavior. It's not something humans have evolved on their own."26. What can be the most probable title of this passage?A. Parents Bothered by Babies' CryB. Infants Crying for Parents' AttentionC. Clues from Animals on Why Babies CryD. False Cry27. Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?A. Scientists discovered why animal infants cry.B. The difference in the amount of children's cry is somewhat due to genes.C. Babies have a violent reaction to the mother's ignorance.D. Chimpanzees' annoyance can hardly be alleviated.28. What is implied in Paragraph 4?A. Children with truthful cry may eventually draw their mothers' attention.B. Noisy infants are preferred by their mothers for their health and strength.C. Mothers would rather nurse the obedient babies.D. Mothers tend to ignore the deceitful cry.29. How do the parents respond to babies' cry?A. They come to doubt it.B. They take it seriously.C. They are indifferent to it.D. They are weary of it.30. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as the reason for babies' cry?A. Discomfort.B. Hungry.C. Consolation.D. Thirsty.Passage ThreeWhenever I hear a weather report declaring it's the hottest June 10 on record or whatever, I can't take it too seriously, because "ever" really means "as long as the records go back", which is only as far as the late 1800s. Scientists have other ways of measuring temperatures before that, though -- not for individual dates, but they can ten the average temperature of a given year by such proxy measurements as growth marks incorals, deposits in ocean and lake sediments, and cores drilled into glacial ice. They can even use drawings of glaciers as there were hundreds of years ago compared with today.And in the most comprehensive compilation of such data to date, says a new report from the National Research Council, it looks pretty certain that the last few decades have been hotter than any comparable period in the last 400 years. That's a blow to those who claim the current warm spell is just part of the natural up and down of average temperatures -- a frequent assertion of the global -- warming-doubters crowd.The report was triggered by doubts about past-climate claims made last year by climatologist Michael Mann, of the University of Virginia (he's the creator of the "hockey stick" graph A1 Gore used in "An Inconvenient Truth" to dramatize the rise in carbon dioxide in recent years). Mann claimed that the recent warming was unprecedented in the past thousand years -- that led Congress to order up an assessment by the prestigious Research Council. Their conclusion was that a thousand years was reasonable, but not overwhelmingly supported by the data. But the past 400 was -- so resoundingly that it fully supports the claim that today's temperatures ale unnaturally warm, just as global warming theory has been predicting for a hundred years. And if there's any doubt about whether these proxy measurements are really legitimate, the NRC scientists comparedthem with actual temperature data from the most recent century, when real thermometers were in widespread use. The match was more or less right on.In the past nearly two decades since TIME first put global warming on the cover, then, the argument against it has gone from "it isn't happening" to "it's happening, but it's natural", to "it's mostly natural" --\and now, it seems, that assertion too is going to have to drop away. Indeed. Rep. Sherwood Boehert, the New York Republican who chairs the House Science Committee and who asked for the report declared that it did nothing to support the notion of a controversy over global warming science -- a controversy that opponents keep insisting is alive. Whether President Bush will finally take serious action to deal with the warming, however,is a much less settled question.31. What does this passage mainly deal with?A. The tendency of earth's becoming hotter.B. The assessment of earth's temperature.C. The menace of global warming.D.The measurement of tackling global warming.32. What is "proxy measurement" in Paragraph 1 likely to refer to?A. Studying the characteristics of glaciers.B. Measuring the growth signs of aquatic organism.C. Taking advantage of previous pictures.D. Using clues left from the past.33. What does the report from NRC indicate?A. The earth will become warmer.B. It is somewhat suspicious of Michael Mann's assertion.C. The earth reaches the highest temperature in the history.D. The proxy measurements are reliable.34. Which statement is NOT true concerning the controversy about global warming?A. The new report from NRC is motivated by the controversy over Michael Mann's claim.B. Those who doubt global warming consider that warming is a natural phenomenon.C. Those suspicious of global warming take an inconsistent stance on the issue.D. The argument ends in the defeat of global-warming-doubters.35. What is the author's attitude towards global warming theory?A. Negative.B. Indifferent.C. Favorable.D. Neutral.Passage FourA proposed Russian ban on European Union meat exports could jeopardize Russia's aspirations to join the World Trade Organization next year, the EU trade commissioner, Peter Mandelson, warned Friday. He warned that several of the 25 EU member states were growing weary of Russia's trade tactics and could move to block its WTO bid.He emphasized that the European Union supported Russia's WTO accession in principle and that he did not want to link the Russian meat ban to Russia's WTO prospects ,though EU states could do so. in order to join the organization,Russia must reach agreement with each of the 149 WTO members."Issues like this will affect the attitude of member states toward signing off on accession," Mandelson said. "This is not the only trade irritant between us and Russia -- there are at least half a dozen -- and this latest ban is bound to affect the attitude of member states," toward Russia's aim of joining the WTO. "We can't have so many of these trade irritants hanging over us."Mandelson said he would work to get Russia to back off from its current plans to ban all EUanimal products as of Jan. 1, which would affect C = $ 1.7 billion, or $ 2. 2 billion, in exports to RussiaMoscow has justified the ban on the grounds that Bulgaria and Romania, which will join the European Union on that day, do not have adequate food safety measures. But Mandelson warned that if Moscow refused to back down, it could sour overall trade relations with the European Union, which is already concerned about fair access to Moscow's energy resources. "Russia is acting in a disproportionate way," he said.President Vladimir Putin has made WTO membership one of his key economic objectives. He is keen to improve access to world markets for Russian exports and to provide a lift to the country's neglected aghculrural sector. European resistance would add to reservations by trade negotiators in Washington who want Russia to make more progress on reducing tariffs on U. S. meat imports and protecting intellectual property before joining the world trade body.Trade disputes cast a shadow over the summit meeting, which was supposed to mark the start of talks on a partnership agreement between the European Union and Russia covering energy, trade and human rights. But Poland -- in a separate dispute with Moscow over a Russian ban on Polish farm exports -- used its veto to stop the talks on Friday.Putin defended the Russian ban after earlier complaining that the European Commission had failed to consult him before agreeing to admit Bulgaria and Romania, whose food safety practices he called into question.EU officials said privately that Putin's stance suggested he was suffering from a Cold War hangover because the former Soviet satellites will soon become EU members.36. What is the theme of this passage?A. Russia conflicts with EU members in meat trade.B. Russia may risk WTO entry with EU meat ban.C. Russia prepares to enter WTO.D. Russia complains about food security of Bulgaria and Romania.37. Which statement is NOT true about EU?A. EU has not signed partnership agreement with Russia.B. EU is disappointed with at Russia's trade strategy.C. EU wants Russia to cut down on tariffs on its meat imports.D. EU may connect the trade conflict with Russia's entry into WTO.38. Which word has the similar meaning to "imtant" in Paragraph 3?A. disagreementB. misunderstandingC. annoyanceD.interference39. What can be implied from the last paragraph?A. Russia will soon suffer from isolation.B. Russia will soon lose its satellites.C. Former Soviet satellites resist Russia's entering WTO.D. Some EU officials understand Russia's position.40. What is the author's attitude towards Russia?A. Suggestive.B. Prejudicial.C. Sympathetic.D. Objective.Part UI Translation (30%)Section A : From Chinese into English (15%)每个人心中都该有个志向，否则他的经历就会被浪费掉。
考博英语模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语模拟试卷10(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Grammar 3. Cloze 4. Reading Comprehension 5. English-Chinese Translation 6. Chinese-English Translation 7. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．He seemed reluctant to send his troops in an effort to discourage the ______ peasants.A．animatedB．rebelliousC．creasedD．impassive正确答案：B解析：句意：他似乎不太愿意用他的军队去阻止起义的农民。
rebellious反叛的，反抗的；animated活泼的，生动的；creased有折痕的；impassive冷漠的。
2．The company will ______ to its agreement, no matter how costly the process may be.A．retainB．alterC．abandonD．adhere正确答案：D解析：句意：该公司将信守协议，不论这一过程的代价有多大。
adhere坚持，与to构成常用词组；retain保持，保留；alter改变；abandon放弃，遗弃。
3．The drug store at the comer of our street sells aspirins and ______ penicillin prescriptions.A．dispensesB．disposesC．dispersesD．dispatches正确答案：B解析：句意：街角上的药店出售aspirins和处方penicillin。
dispose处理；dispense分配，分发；disperse(使)分散，(使)分开；dispatch分派，派遣。
博士英语模拟试题
博士英语模拟试题一、听力理解（每题1分，共20分）1. 听对话，选择正确答案：- A: What's the weather like today?- B: It's quite sunny, but it's not too hot.- 问题：What is the weather like?- A) It's very hot.- B) It's raining.- C) It's sunny.2. 听短文，选择正确答案：- In the short passage, the speaker talks about the importance of water conservation. He mentions that water is a precious resource and we should take measures to save it.- 问题：What is the speaker mainly discussing?- A) The scarcity of water.- B) The importance of water conservation.- C) How to purify water.二、阅读理解（每题2分，共30分）Passage 1:In recent years, the number of students pursuing their doctorate degrees has been on the rise. This trend is attributed to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals in various fields. However, the journey towards a Ph.D. is not an easy one, as it requires a significantamount of dedication, hard work, and time investment.Questions:1. Why is the number of students pursuing doctorate degrees increasing?A) Because of the decreasing demand for skilled professionals.B) Due to the increasing demand for highly skilled professionals.C) Because of the ease of the Ph.D. journey.2. What does the passage imply about the Ph.D. journey?A) It is an easy path.B) It requires a lot of dedication and hard work.C) It is a short-term commitment.Passage 2:The advancement in technology has revolutionized the way we communicate and share information. Social media platforms,for instance, have become an integral part of our daily lives, connecting people across the globe. However, with the rise of these platforms, concerns about privacy and data securityhave also grown.Questions:1. What has the advancement in technology led to?A) A decline in communication.B) A revolution in communication and information sharing.C) A decrease in the use of social media.2. What concerns have grown with the rise of social mediaplatforms?A) Concerns about the quality of communication.B) Concerns about privacy and data security.C) Concerns about the decline in the use of traditional media.三、词汇与结构（每题1分，共20分）1. The research team is currently _______ a new drug that could treat this disease.- A) developing- B) discovering- C) inventing2. Despite the heavy rain, the construction work _______ on schedule.- A) proceeded- B) progressed- C) continued四、写作（共30分）Task: Write an essay of about 250 words on the topic "The Role of Technology in Education."Sample Essay:The integration of technology in education has transformed the way students learn and teachers teach. With the advent of digital tools and online resources, education has become more accessible and interactive. Technology provides a platformfor personalized learning, allowing students to learn attheir own pace and style. It also enables teachers to track student progress and adapt their teaching methods accordingly. However, it is crucial to ensure that the use of technologyin education is balanced with traditional teaching methods to foster a holistic learning experience. While technology can enhance learning, it should not replace the human touch andthe critical thinking skills that are nurtured through face-to-face interactions.注意：以上内容为模拟试题示例，实际考试内容可能会有所不同。
博士研究生考试考博英语模拟题2020年(79)_真题-无答案
博士研究生考试考博英语模拟题2020年(79)(总分150,考试时间150分钟)Structure and V ocabulary1. 1.The mayor was asked to______his speech in order to allow his audience to raise questions.A. constrainB. conductC. condenseD. converge2. 2.The new technological revolution in American newspapers has brought increased ______, a wider range of publications and an expansion of newspaper jobs.A. circulationB. reproductionC. manipulationD. penetration3. 3.If I had a car of my own, I______it to your sister yesterday.A. will lendB. would lendC. should lendD. would have lent4. 4.The newcomers found it impossible to______themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country.A. suitB. adaptC. regulateD. coordinate5. 5.It's a program designed to______mainly to 16 to 25 year olds.A. includeB. appreciateC. appealD. conduct6. 6.The actress lives in a very fashionable______of town.A. positionB. componentC. quarterD. zone7. 7.The store displayed its most______products in the front window.A. modelB. presentC. distinctiveD. favorite8. 8.Bob fails to attend the evening school. He______sick, because he never asks for leave.A. may beB. can beC. must beD. is9. 9.______that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.A. ForB. NowC. SinceD. Despite10. 10.Sometimes the student may be asked to write about his______to a certain book or article that has some bearing on the subject being studied.A. commentB. reactionC. impressionD. comprehension11. 11.Although the accident did very little______to the car, I still suggest that you drive more carefully next time.A. demolishmentB. ruinC. destructionD. damage12. 12.We had to______a lot of noise when the children were at home.A. go in forB. hold on toC. put up withD. keep pace with13. 13.Criticism and self-criticism are necessary______they help us to find and correct our mistakes.A. by thatB. at thatC. on thatD. in that14. 14.However, at times this balance in nature is______, resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.A. troubledB. disturbedC. confusedD. puzzled15. 15.He offered to______her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to carry.A. helpB. showC. lendD. borrow16. 16.The patient's health failed to such an extent that he was put into______ care.A. tenseB. rigidC. intensiveD. tight17. 17.A person's calorie requirements vary______his life.A. acrossB. throughoutC. overD. within18. 18.Generous public funding of basic science would______considerable benefits for the country's health, wealth and security.A. lead toB. result fromC. lie inD. settle down19. 19.In a time of social reform, people's state of mind tends to keep______with the rapid changes of society.A. stepB. progressC. paceD. touch20. 20.Harry was______by a bee when he was collecting the honey.A. stungB. stuckC. bittenD. scratchedClozeIn the past few decades, remarkable findings have been made in ethology, the study of animal social behavior. Earlier scientists had【C1】______that nonhuman social life was almost totally instinctive or fixed by genetics. Much more careful observation has shown that【C2】______variation occurs among the social ties of most species, showing that learning is a part of social life. That is, the【C3】______are not solely fixed by the genes.【C4】______, the learning that occurs is often at an early age in a process that is called imprinting. Imprinting is clearly【C5】______instinctive, but it is not quite like the learning of humans; it is something in between the two. An illustration best【C6】______the nature of imprinting. Once, biologists thought that ducklings followed the mother duck because of instincts. Now we know that, shortly【C7】______they hatch, ducklings fix【C8】______any object about the size of a duck and will henceforth follow it. So ducklings may follow a basketball or a briefcase if these are【C9】______for the mother duck at the time when imprinting occurs. Thus, social ties can be considerably【C10】______, even ones that have a considerable base【C11】______by genetics.Even among the social insects something like imprinting【C12】______influence socialbehavior. For example, biologists once thought **municated with others purely 【C13】______instinct. But, in examining a "dance" that bees do to indicate the distance and direction of a pollen source, observers found that bees raised in isolation could **municate effectively. At a higher level, the genetic base seems to be much more for an all-purpose learning rather than the more specific responses of imprinting. Chimpanzees, for instance, generally【C14】______very good mother but Jane Goodall reports that some chimps carry the infant upside down or【C15】______fail to nurture the young.21. 21.【C1】A. assumedB. adoptedC. believedD. surmised22. 22.【C2】A. considerateB. consideredC. considerableD. considering23. 23.【C3】A. statuesB. statusesC. statutesD. statures24. 24.【C4】A. What's moreB. HenceC. ButD. However25. 25.【C5】A. notB. onlyC. butD. solely26. 26.【C6】A. clarifiesB. classifiesC. definesD. outlines27. 27.【C7】A. thanB. beforeC. whenD. after28. 28.【C8】A. onB. withC. inD. within29. 29.【C9】A. appropriatedB. substitutedC. assignedD. distributed30. 30.【C10】A. variedB. deviatedC. differedD. altered31. 31.【C11】A. fashionedB. modifiedC. influencedD. affected32. 32.【C12】A. mayB. shouldC. mustD. can33. 33.【C13】A. byB. out ofC. fromD. through34. 34.【C14】A. proveB. makeC. turnD. create35. 35.【C15】A. otherwiseB. stillC. yetD. evenReading ComprehensionHumanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide. Yet occurrences of shortages and droughts are causing famine and distress in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. Since the world's population is expected to double in the next 50 years, many experts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis.But that doesn't have to be the outcome. Water shortages do not have to trouble the world—if we start valuing water more than we have in the past. Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic perspective. We can no longer afford to consider water a virtually free resource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want.Instead, for all used except the domestic demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its actual value. This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs.Governments should also protect this resource by providing water in more economically and environmentally sound ways. For example, often the cheapest way to provide irrigation water in the dry tropics is through small-scale projects, such as gathering rainfall in depressions andpumping it to nearby cropland.No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their institutional and legal approaches to water use. Rather than spread control among hundreds or even thousands of local, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of water use, countries should set up central authorities to coordinate water policy.36. 36.What is the real cause of the potential water crisis?A. Only half of the world's water can be used.B. The world population is increasing faster and faster.C. Half of the world's water resources have been seriously polluted.D. Humanity has not placed sufficient value on water resources.37. 37.As indicated in the passage, the water problem______.A. is already serious in certain parts of the worldB. has been exaggerated by some experts in the fieldC. poses a challenge to the technology of building reservoirsD. is underestimated by government organizations at different levels38. 38.According to the author, the water price should______.A. be reduced to the minimumB. stimulate domestic demandC. correspond to its real valueD. take into account the occurrences of droughts39. 39.The author says that in some hot and dry areas it is advisable to______.A. build big lakes to store waterB. construct big pumping stationsC. build small and cheap irrigation systemsD. channel water from nearby rivers to cropland40. 40.In order to raise the efficiency of the water supply, measures should be taken to______.A. guarantee full protection of the environmentB. centralize the management of water resourcesC. increase the sense of responsibility of agencies at all levelsD. encourage local and regional protection of water resourcesEvery night she listened to her father going around the house, locking the doors and windows. She listened; the back door closed; she could hear the fastener of the kitchen window's click, and the restless pad of his feet going back to try the front door. It wasn't only the outside doors he locked; he locked the empty kitchen too. He was looking something out, but obviously it was something capable of entering into his first defenses. He raised his second line all the way up to bed.In fourteen years, she thought unhappily, the house will be his; he had paid twenty-five pounds down and the rest he was paying month by month as rent. "Of course," he was in the habit of saying, "I've improved the property. " "Yes," he repeated, "I've improved the property," looking around for a nail to drive in, a weed to uproot. It was more than a sense of property; it was a sense of honesty. Some people who bought their homes through the society let them go to rack and ruin and then cleared out.She stood with her ear against the wall, a small, dark, angry, immature figure. There was no more to be heard from the other room; but in her inner ear she still heard the footsteps of aproperty owner, the tap-tap of a hammer, the scrape of a spade, the whistle of radiator steam, a key turning, a bolt pushed home, the little busy sounds of men building barriers. She stood planning.41. 41.Which of the following is TRUE of the father in the passage?A. He thought a lot about his daughter's future.B. He saved a lot of money for his daughter.C. He thought that he was secure.D. He avoided his neighbors on purpose.42. 42.From the passage we can see that the father is______.A. kind to his daughter and neighborsB. cruel to his daughter and neighborsC. systematical in his actionsD. careful about his appearance43. 43.According to the passage, the daughter's attitude toward her father is of______.A. slight dislikeB. great disapprovalC. strong loveD. grateful acceptance44. 44.Which of the following feelings is conveyed in the passage?A. Tenseness.B. Peace.C. Nervousness.D. Happiness.45. 45.All of the following are true EXCEPT that______.A. the father built his defenses carefullyB. some property owners let their homes go worseC. the daughter was thin and very youngD. the father punished the girl when she was youngThe Internet is a global network that connects **puter networks, together with software and protocols for controlling the movement of data. The Internet, often referred to as "the Net", was initiated in 1969 by a group of universities and private research groups funded by the US Department of Defense. It now covers almost every country in the world. Its organization is informal and deliberately nonpolitical; its controllers tend to concentrate on technical aspects rather than on administrative control.The Internet offers users a number of basic services including data transfer, electronic mail, and the ability to access information in remote databases. A notable feature is the existence of user groups, which allow people to exchange information and debate specific subjects of interest. In addition, there are a number of high-level services. For example, MBONE allows the transmission of messages to more than one destination. It is used in videoconferencing. The World Wide Web, known as "the Web", is another high level Internet service, developed in the 1990s in Geneva. It is a service for distributing multimedia information, including graphics, pictures, sounds, and video as well as text. A feature of the World Wide Web is that it allows links to other related documents elsewhere on the Internet. Documents for publication on the Web are presented in a form known as HTML(hypertext mark up language). This allows a specification of the page layout and typography as it will appear on the screen. It also allows the inclusion of active links to otherdocuments. Generally, these appear on the screen display as highlighted text or as additional icons. Typically, the user can use a mouse to "click" on one of these points to load and view a related document. **mercial and public organizations now have their own Web site(specified by an address code)and publish a "home page", giving information about the organization.Up to the mid-1990s, the major users of the Internet were academic and research organizations. This has begun to change rapidly with individual home users linking in **mercial access providers and with a growing interest by companies in using the Internet for publicity, sales, and as a medium for electronic publishing. At the same time, there are problems with the flow of information across national borders, bringing in debates about copyright protection, data protection, the publication of pornography, and ultimately political control and censorship.46. 46.From the first paragraph, we learn that the Internet______.A. was initiated by the US Department of Defense in 1969B. was only able to **puters into networks at its beginningC. has not any kind of organization behind it at allD. works independently of any governmental control47. 47.Access to remote information______.A. is a high level service provided by the InternetB. is the most notable feature with the InternetC. is a basic function performed by the InternetD. can only be achieved by the Internet48. 48.It can be inferred that the development of HTML prepared the way for______.A. even farther information transferB. **mercial promotionsC. academic usesD. distributing multimedia information49. 49.Which of the following is not a problem brought in by the popularization of the Internet?A. Difficulty in inspecting the content of publications.B. Difficulty in protecting copyright across national borders.C. Difficulty in promoting sales of superior products.D. The possibility that potentially harmful content may be published.50. 50.This passage focuses on______.A. the instructions for the Internet usersB. the historical development of the InternetC. the kinds of data transferred through the InternetD. the problems brought about by the InternetPublication of this survey had originally been intended to coincide with the annual meetings of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, scheduled for September 29th—30th in Washington, D. C. Those meetings, and the big anti-globalization protests that had been planned to accompany them, were among the least significant casualties of the terrorist atrocities of September 11th.You might have thought that the anti-capitalist protesters, after contemplating those horrors and their aftermath, would be regretting more than just the loss of a venue for their marches. Many are, no doubt. But judging by the response of some of their leaders and many of the activists(if Internet chat rooms are any guide), grief is not always the prevailing mood. Some anti-globalistshave found a kind of consolation even a cause of satisfaction, in these terrible events—that of having been as they see it, proved right.To its fiercest critics, globalization, the march of international capitalism, is a force for oppression, exploitation and injustice. The rage that drove the terrorists to commit their obscene crime was in part, it is argued, a response to that. At the very least, it is suggested, terrorism thrives on poverty and international capitalism, the protesters say, thrives on poverty too.These may be extreme positions, but the minority that holds them is not tiny, by any means. Far more important, the anti-globalists have lately drawn tacit support if nothing else, reluctance to condemn—from a broad range of public opinion. As a result, they have been, and are likely to remain, politically influential. At a time such as this, sorting through issues of political economy may seem very far removed from what matters. In one sense, it is. But when many in the West are contemplating their future with new foreboding, it is important to understand why the skeptics are wrong; why economic integration is a force for good; and why globalization, far from being the greatest cause of poverty, is its only feasible cure.Undeniably, popular support for that view is lacking. In the developed economies, support for further trade liberalization is uncertain; in some countries, voters are downright hostile to it. Starting a new round of global trade talks this year will be struggle, and seeing it through to a useful conclusion will be. The institutions that in most people's eyes represent the global economy—the IMF, the World Bank and the World Trade Organization are reviled far more widely than they are admired; the best they can expect from opinion at large is grudging acceptance. Governments, meanwhile, are accused of bowing down to business: globalization leaves them no choice. Private capital moves across the planet unchecked. Wherever it goes, it bleeds democracy of content and puts "profits before people".51. 51.In your opinion, what may be the main topic of this passage?A. Anti-capitalist and their supporter.B. The terrorist.C. International capitalism.D. The critics.52. 52.From the passage, you may infer that the survey was planned to be published on September 29th— 30th______.A. to coincide with the annual meetings of the world Bank and the International Monetary FundB. to persuade the anti-capitalist to abandon their opinionC. to show protest to globalizationD. to coincide with the terrorist atrocities of September 11th53. 53.After September 11th, what may NOT be the response of the anti-capitalist protesters?A. Some of them may see the attack as something right.B. Some anti-globalists have found a kind of consolation, even a cause of satisfaction, in these terrible events.C. Grief will be the mood of some of them.D. All the anti-capitalist protesters, after contemplating those horrors and their aftermath, would be regretting more than just the loss of venue for their marches.54. 54.Among the description of the fiercest critics, which one may NOT be right?A. To them, globalization is the only feasible cure of poverty.B. In their opinion, the rage that drove the terrorists to commit their obscene crime was in part aresponse to globalization.C. In their opinion, terrorism thrives on poverty.D. International capitalism thrives on poverty.55. 55.According to the passage, which of the following statements may be incorrect?A. It is no doubt that supports for the view that globalization is the only feasible cure for poverty are lacking.B. In some countries, voters are obviously hostile to globalization.C. It will be difficult to guarantee a useful conclusion of the world trade talk this year.D. Governments are bowing down to business: globalization leaves them no choice.English-Chinese Translation56. 56.In 1959 Jacoues Cousteau sounded the alarm: the Mediterranean was dying. Diving off France's southern coast, Cousteau found a marine desert that a few years earlier had teemed with fish and plants. He blamed poisons from the large urban and **plexes built near the sea. Cousteau crystallized growing public concern over pollution of the world's seas and oceans. By the 1960s oil spills, chemicals and sewage were turning areas of the Baltic into toxic cesspools; heavy metals and DDT had accumulated in fish and shellfish from the Atlantic to the China Sea, causing carnage among birds that ate them and poisoning people.Writing57. 57.Write an essay of no less than 200 words on the topic given below. Use the proper space on your ANSWER SHEET 2. Topic:There have been instances of students humiliating(侮辱)their teacher at school. What do you think is the cause for such happenings?。
考博英语(阅读理解)模拟试卷116(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语（阅读理解）模拟试卷116(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionReading ComprehensionThat people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “first-night”effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect. Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did. Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.1．What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?A．To what extent it can trouble people.B．What role it has played in evolution.C．What circumstances may trigger it.D．In what way it can be beneficial.正确答案：D解析：本题可参照文章的第2段。
2023考博英语模拟151(考卷附答案)
2012考博英语模拟151(考卷附答案)一、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.1. What is the main idea of the first paragraph?A. The fashion industry is highly profitable.B. Fast fashion causes environmental problems.C. Sustainable fashion is gaining popularity.D. The oil industry is the largest polluter in the world.2. Which of the following is NOT a consequence of fast fashion?A. High demand for stylish and affordable clothing.B. Environmental pollution.C. Ethical concerns.D. Increased job opportunities in the fashion industry.Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.6. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?B. The Internet has led to a loss of privacy.C. People are more aware of privacy issues.D. Personal data is valuable on the Internet.7. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of the Internet?B. Access to information.C. Improved privacy protection.D. Global connectivity.Section BDirections: In this section, there is one passage followed five questions or unfinished statements. For each question or unfinished statement, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.11. What is the author's attitude towards ?A. Optimistic.B. Pessimistic.C. Neutral.D. Indifferent.12. Which of the following is a potential benefit of ?A. Increased unemployment.B. Improved efficiency.C. Reduced creativity.D. Higher crime rates.二、完型填空（每题1分，共15分）Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.Passage 4The impact of social media on society has been a topic of (16) ______ for many years. While some people argue thatsocial media has (17) ______ our lives, others believe it has (18) ______ negative consequences. One of the main concernsis the (19) ______ of mental health among users. Spending too much time on social media can lead to feelings of (20) ______ and loneliness.三、翻译（每题5分，共30分）Section ADirections: Translate the following sentences into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.26. 随着科技的发展，人们的生活越来越便利。
北京大学考博英语模拟试卷7(题后含答案及解析)
北京大学考博英语模拟试卷7(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Reading Comprehension 3. Cloze 4. Proofreading 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．I don’t mind____the decision as long as it is not too late.A．you delay to makeB．your delaying to makeC．you to delay makingD．your delaying making正确答案：D解析：动词mind“介意，在乎”，主要用于疑问句和否定句，后面要求跟动词-ing形式，表示这个一ing的动作是由句子主语发出的；如果-ing的施动者不是句子主语而是另一人，就需用物主代词my／your／his／her等修饰；如果这个另一人以其名字出现(如John／Ann)或以普通名词出现(如the boy/the child)，就以这个名字或名词的主格-ing复合结构作mind的宾语。
2．The speed of communications today, as opposed to____, has greatly altered the manner in which business is conducted.A．one of yesterdayB．those of yesterdayC．that of yesterdayD．the ones of yesterday正确答案：C解析：as opposed to that of yesterday“与昨天的相对比”，that是代词，代替前面刚提到过的名词(特指)，相当于the+名词，以避免重复，此处的that代表前面的the speed of communications，如．My seat was nextto that(=the seat)of the mayor．如果前面的名词是复数，后面就要用those代替，如:The objects of thisgroup were nearly so drastic as those(=the objects)of the republicans．如果前面提到的是可数名词，后面再出现表示泛指意义的这个可数名词单数时可用泛指代词one代替；如果是特指可用the ones代替。
考博英语模拟试卷50(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语模拟试卷50(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Sentence Transformation 3. Cloze 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. Chinese-English Translation 6. WritingReading ComprehensionFor farmers hoping for a healthy harvest, the best place to turn for help these days is the Monsanto Corp. One of the world’s leading biotechnology companies and lately a pioneer in genetically engineered seeds--Monsanto has been incorporating flashy traits like herbicide and pest resistance into everything from canola to corn. But such super crops don’t come cheap. Farmers pay a premium for Monsanto seeds, and to make sure they keep paying, the company requires them to sign an agreement promising not to plant seeds their crops produce. If farmers want the same bountiful harvest next year, they must return to the company for a new load of seeds. While this arrangement makes sense for Monsanto, it works only if farmers honor it--something that’s difficult to police in the U. S. and almost impossible in the developing world. Now, however, Monsanto hopes to enforce biologically what it cannot enforce contractually. With the help of clever genes currently in development, future Monsanto crops may be designed with a new feature in mind: sterility (不育). No sooner will the company’s plants mature than the seeds they carry, will lose the ability to reproduce. From Monsanto’s point of view, the set of new genes--which others have nicknamed Terminator--is a perfectly legitimate way to protect their intellectual-property rights. Not everybody agrees. Let the new science take hold, opponents ware darkly, and farmers could find themselves coming to Monsanto, seed cup in hand, paying whatever the company demands before they can plant that season’s crop. Worse still, some doomsday stories suggest, pollen (花粉)from Terminator plants could drift with the wind like a toxic cloud, cross with ordinary crops or wild plants, and spread from species to species until flora all around the world had been suddenly and irreversibly sterilized. No serious scientist thinks anything so disastrous will come to pass. For Monsanto, however, with a technology in its pocket and a fight on its hands, the situation is about as grim as it can get- at least in terms of public relations. “From a marketing perspective, it’s pathological (病态的). This is a question of who controls the seeds of life.”1．Before Terminator, farmers ______.A．are required to buy new load of seeds every yearB．axe often caught by the police replanting the seedsC．can replant the seeds under the permission from MonsantoD．obey the agreements signed with Monsanto正确答案：B解析：在Monsanto发明新品种Terminator之前，第二段提到it works only if farmers honor it—something that’s difficult to police in the U.S.，表明农民们并未按照协议重新购买种子，而是留原来植物的种子，这使得美国警察很苦恼。
博士研究生考试考博英语模拟题2020年(96)_真题-无答案
博士研究生考试考博英语模拟题2020年(96)(总分150,考试时间150分钟)Structure and V ocabulary1. 1.The music aroused an______feeling of homesickness in him.A. intentionalB. intermittentC. intenseD. intrinsic2. 2.The medicine______his pain but did not cure his illness.A. activatedB. alleviatedC. mediatedD. deteriorated3. 3.In no______should you do this without help and advice from your doctor—restricting the diet of small children can be very dangerous.A. perspectivesB. restrictionsC. circumstancesD. consequences4. 4.The idea was just beginning to______in America and we knew that it was going to become the way that **panies were run.A. show upB. catch onC. open outD. get by5. 5.Without Bob's testimony, evidence of bribery is lacking and______in the case will be impossible.A. verdictB. sentenceC. convictionD. acquittal6. 6.Pupils often want to sit next to their particular friend and many classroom activities involve moving about, but even relatively small alterations can make______to the **fort of pupils with sight defects.A. a differenceB. an interferenceC. a modificationD. an impact7. 7.Most of them had visited the invalid often during the past few months, marveling at his______spirit and his unfailing good temper.A. variantB. gallantC. pertinentD. solitary8. 8.Individuals may at various points in their lives experience discrimination in the allocation of resources either______of being too old or too young.A. at the riskB. to the pointC. in the caseD. on the ground9. 9.When a system is unjust to the______, abolition, not reform, is what respect for justice demands.A. endB. excessC. coreD. bottom10. 10.The custom is______in the belief that a new pregnancy—through its detrimental effect on breastfeeding—would endanger the mother's health.A. celebratedB. observedC. viewedD. presented11. 11.But, in our enthusiasm to discover our heritage, we are mining the very scenery we go to enjoy, damaging natural habitats, ______ down footpaths, disturbing wildlife, polluting the air and dropping litter.A. wearingB. treadingC. fallingD. cutting12. 12.Any person who is in______while awaiting trial is considered innocent until he has been declared guilty.A. jeopardyB. custodyC. suspicionD. probation13. 13.Now, don't tell anyone else what I've just told you. Remember, it's______.A. controversialB. secretiveC. confidentialD. sacred14. 14.The Freedom of Information Act gives private citizen______government files.A. release fromB. excess ofC. redress ofD. access to15. 15.The oil price rise reactivated the boom in commodity prices and______inflation, which reached an annual rate of 15 percent in the spring of 1974.A. boostedB. harnessedC. staggeredD. embarked16. 16.Did he really expect her to smile now and______with his plans, treat all this deception as no more than an unusual diversion?A. fall inB. put offC. agree toD. stand up17. 17.The Commission found instances where police officers had lied under oath, ______evidence, neglected black prisoners and wrongly imprisoned Aborigines.A. entailedB. fabricatedC. cleansedD. precluded18. 18.She______the words, not knowing what to say, how to put into plain speech her decision to finish their love.A. passed ontoB. stumbled overC. burst outD. dropped down19. 19.The ink has faded with time and so parts of the letter were______.A. illegibleB. indelibleC. illegitimateD. inscrutable20. 20.The bishop preached a farewell sermon to a______that filled the church to overflowing.A. processionB. reunionC. rallyD. congregationClozeAssuming that a constant travel-time budget, geographic constraints and short-term infrastructure constraints persist as fundamental features of global mobility, what long-term results can one expect? In high-income regions, 【C1】______North America, our picture suggests that the share of traffic【C2】______supplied by buses and automobiles will decline as high-speedtransport rises sharply. In developing countries, we【C3】______the strongest increase to be in the shares first for buses and later for automobiles. Globally, these【C4】______in bus and automobile transport are partially offsetting. In all regions, the share of low-speed mil transport will probably continue its strongly【C5】______decline.We expect that throughout the period 1990—2050, the【C6】______North American will continue to devote most of his or her 1. 1-hour travel-time【C7】______to automobile travel. The very large demand【C8】______air travel(or high-speed mil travel)that will be manifest in 2050【C9】______to only 12 minutes per person a day; a little time goes a long way in the air. In several developing regions, most travel【C10】______in 2050 will still be devoted to nonmotorized modes. Buses will persist【C11】______the primary form of motorized transportation in developing countries for decades.【C12】______important air travel becomes, buses, automobiles and【C13】______low-speed trains will surely go on serving vital functions.【C14】______of the super-rich **mute and shop in aircraft, but average people will continue to spend most of their travel time on the【C15】______.21. 21.【C1】A. franklyB. exceptionallyC. unfortunatelyD. notably22. 22.【C2】A. volumeB. bodyC. measureD. funds23. 23.【C3】A. admireB. assureC. assertD. anticipate24. 24.【C4】A. outcomesB. trendsC. declinesD. impacts25. 25.【C5】A. inherentB. evidentC. large-scaleD. hidden26. 26.【C6】A. generalB. commonC. localD. average27. 27.【C7】A. profitB. costC. budgetD. facility28. 28.【C8】A. inB. ofC. atD. for29. 29.【C9】A. works outB. leaves outC. runs outD. puts out30. 30.【C10】A. timeB. desireC. agencyD. means31. 31.【C11】A. toB. asC. withD. over32. 32.【C12】A. Despite the factB. Whatever it isC. No matter howD. Whether or not33. 33.【C13】A. plusB. includingC. evenD. as well as34. 34.【C14】A. FewB. AllC. NoneD. Some35. 35.【C15】A. mountainB. groundC. skyD. landReading ComprehensionCan animals have a sense of humor? Sally Blanchard, publisher of a newsletter called the Pet Bird Report, thinks a pet parrot may have pulled her leg. That's one explanation for the time herAfrican gray parrot, named Bongo Marie, seemed to feign distress at the possible death of an Amazon parrot named Paco.It happened one day when Blanchard was making Cornish game hen for dinner. As Blanchard lifted her knife, the African gray threw back its head and said, "Oh, no! Paco!" Trying not to laugh, Blanchard said, "That's not Paco," and showed Bongo Marie that the Amazon was alive and well. Mimicking a disappointed tone, Bongo Marie said, "Oh, no," and launched into a hoarse laugh.Was the parrot joking when it seemed to believe the other bird was a goner? Did Bongo **prehend Blanchard's response? Studies of African grays have shown that they can understand the meaning of words—for example, that red refers to a color, not just a particular red object. Parrots also enjoy getting a reaction out of humans, and so, whether or not Bongo Marie's crocodile tears were intentional, the episode was thoroughly satisfying from the parrot's point of view.36. 36.When Blanchard was making Cornish game hen for dinner, Bongo Marie acted as if Paco was______.A. gone and couldn't eat the mealB. dead and being cut for the mealC. deadly ill and discarded by the hostessD. away and should be back to join them37. 37.Why did Sally Blanchard believe Bongo Marie made a joke that day?A. It showed sadness and deceived her.B. It shed crocodile tears intentionally.C. It pretended to understand her words.D. It burst into laughter after a distressed tone.38. 38.In the last sentence, the clause "the episode was...point of view" suggests that Bongo Marie was______.A. quite content with its own performanceB. believed to have a sense of humorC. trying to win its host's favorD. successful in getting a human responseDon't call him just a college professor. Internet entrepreneur, TV personality, advisor to presidents, and friend to the rich and powerful would be more accurate.Henry Louis "Skip" Gates Jr. is better known for his activities outside the academy. This week he sold Africana. com, a website he created with a fellow Harvard University professor, to Time Warner. Terms of the deal weren't revealed, though the Wall Street Journal pegged the price at more than $ 10 million, with Gates reaping up to $ 1 million. Time Warner will incorporate the site, a portal with news and information about people of African descent, into America Online when the two merge as expected. The sense is that Gates got a very good deal. The site is a rich source of scholarship but hardly a rich source of revenue.As recently as the late 1980s Gates, who turns 50 this week, was an obscure professor, penning books on literary theory only a graduate student could love. Now he can't be avoided: He hosted a series about Africa on public television, writes occasional articles for the New Yorker, and even advises the Gore presidential campaign. He counts director Steven Spielberg, Microsoft's Bill Gates and President Clinton as friends. "They're not intimate friends," he insists.Indeed, Gates has evolved into a kind of expert on everything African-American. "Heremains the go-to person on the state of African-American affairs," said Perry Steinberg, head of American Program Bureau, a lecture agency. The 30 or so speeches Gates delivers each year are another source of income for the professor.With **es controversy. Several other black intellectuals have taken him to task for not being confrontational enough. Gates has heard it before. "Me? Critics? Oh, what a shock. " But he considers himself more a descendent of historian and educator W. E. B. Du Bois than of Malcolm X. His ultimate goal is to build the field of Afro-American studies. "Fifty years from now I want there to be at least 10 great centers of Afro-American studies," he says.If working as a consultant on Spielberg's historical film Amistad or giving Al Gore advice helps, so be it.39. 39.What can we learn about Africana. com?A. It may be financially mediocre to Time Warner.B. It is maintained by Gates for Time Warner.C. It becomes a sister website of America Online.D. It is meant for the U. S. general public.40. 40.What is true about Henry Louis "Skip" Gates Jr. ?A. He is barely qualified to teach in Harvard.B. He is an American of African descent.C. History and education are his minors.D. President Gore is among his friends.41. 41.In Paragraph 5, the phrase "have taken him to task for..." most probably means______.A. have blamed him for a certain faultB. have made him pay for his mistakeC. have had him do an assignmentD. have trusted him with a certain job42. 42.From Gates's mention of W. E.B.Du Bois and Malcolm X we can infer that______.A. Gates is reluctant to take the latter as his ancestorB. Gates regards the former as more successful than the latterC. Gates remains a follower of the former instead of the latterD. Gates claims to have a similar career to that of the former43. 43.According to Henry Louis "Skip" Gates Jr. himself, giving advice to Al Gore is______.A. out of some academic concernB. for some financial purposesC. in the interest of Afro-AmericansD. of some political consequence44. 44.In this passage the author expresses a tone of______.A. admirationB. sarcasmC. objectivityD. disapprovalForget football. At many high schools, the **petition is between Coke and Pepsi over exclusive "pouring rights" to sell on campus. But last week Jeffrey Dunn, president of Coca-Cola Americas, called a timeout: Coke's machines will now also stock water, juice, and other healthful options—even rival brands and their facades will feature school scenes and other "noncommercialgraphics" instead of Coke's vivid red logo. "The pendulum needs to swing back" on school-based marketing, said Dunn.Coke's about-face—particularly the call to end the exclusive deals that bottlers make with school **es amid rising concern over kids' health. American children are growing ever more obese and developing weight-related diseases usually found in adults. While inactivity and huge helpings factor heavily, a recent study in the Lancet fingered soda pop as a likely culprit. Communities—and legislators—are already on the case. Last year, for instance, parents in Philadelphia detailed a proposed contract with Coca-Cola that would have netted the school system $ 43 million over 10 years. And in a searing report to congress last month, the U. S. Department of Agriculture recommended that all snacks sold in schools meet federal nutrition standards(the requirements are loose enough that Snickers bars qualify).Spare change? Activists hope Coke's capitulation will help **mercialism in schools altogether. From ads on Channel One, which broadcasts current-affairs programs on classroom TV, to middle-school math texts that cite Nike and other brand-name products in their word problems, to company-sponsored scoreboards on football fields, American pupils are bombarded. But Andrew Hagelshaw, executive director of the Oakland, Calif. -based Center for Commercial-Free Public Education, views Coca-Cola's policy shift as a "partial victory". Schools sign contracts with local bottlers; the **pany can only urge them to back off. Moreover, Coke's machines will remain in place, although with healthier options.And don't expect teenagers to suddenly swear off the stuff—or school districts to give up the revenue. At Wheeler High School in Marietta, Ga., where students arrive before 7 a. m. and stay as late as 11 o'clock at night, they rely on the machines. And the $ 50,000 in annual vending revenues have enabled Principal Joe Boland to refinish the gym floor, install a new high-jump pit, and pay $ 7,000 for two buses. "If someone made an offer to me to take the machines out, I'd consider it," says Boland. "But nobody's offering me any money. "45. 45."Forget football" in Paragraph 1 suggests that football has been______.A. the **petition at high schoolsB. thought to have ill impact on studentsC. competing **mercials on campusD. brought into disrepute by Coke and Pepsi46. st week Jeffrey Dunn, president of Coca-Cola Americas, made an important decision to______.A. defend its red logo on a still larger scaleB. agree to negotiate with Pepsi over new termsC. modify its sales engineering at high schoolsD. give up its exclusive "pouring rights" on campus47. 47.Coca-Cola is to take new action most probably because______.A. it will sacrifice itself for children's healthB. it will not get involved in some law suitsC. it is unable to beat so many opponentsD. it is reluctant to fall behind **pany48. 48.Supporters of Coca-Cola would say that its new practice will______.A. set a moral example for **mercialism on campusB. stop **mercialism in school in the near futureC. help the business prevail over others in schoolD. gain a wide acclaim from all the students49. 49.The phrase "back off" in boldface in this context probably means______.A. to keep promise of fulfilling the contractsB. to avoid making as many deals as beforeC. to refrain from doing business with schoolsD. to yield in claims while making a contract50. 50.It is hard to move the Coke machine out of school because______.A. it always brings in money more than students' tuitionB. it is likely to cause students to become Coke addictsC. it can never be ignored as it brings funds to schoolD. it serves as the largest portion in school's businessWithin hours of appearing on television to announce the end of conscription, President Jacques Chirac moved quickly to prevent any dissent from within the military establishment. Addressing more than 500 military staff officers at the military academy in Paris yesterday, Mr. Chirac said clearly that he "expected" their loyalty in the work of rebuilding France's national defense.He understood their "legitimate concerns, questions and emotions" at the reforms, but added: "You must understand that there is not and never has been any rigid model for French defense. Military service has **pulsory for less than a century. Realism required that our armed forces should now be professional. "The president's decision to abolish conscription over a period of six years removes a rite of passage for young Frenchmen that has existed since the Revolution, even though obligatory national service only became law in 1905. As recently as 1993, an opinion poll showed that more than 60% of French people said they feared the abolition of conscription could endanger national security. A poll conducted this month, however, showed that 70% of those asked favored ending of practice, and on the streets and in offices yesterday, the response to Mr. Chirac's announcement was generally positive.Among people **pleted their 10-month period of national service in the last few years or were contemplating the prospect, there was almost universal approval, tempered by a sense that something hard to define—mixing with people from other backgrounds, a formative experience, a process that encouraged national or social cohesion—might be lost.Patrick, who spent his year in the French city of Valance assigning and collecting uniforms, and is now a computer manager, said he was in tears for his first week, and hated most of his time. He thought it was "useless" as a form of military training— "I only fired a rifle twice"—but, in retrospect, useful for learning how to get on with people and instilling patriotism.As many as 25% of those liable for military service in France somehow avoid it—the percentage is probably much greater in the more educated and higher social classes.According to Geoffroy, a 26-year-old reporter, who spent his time in the navy with the information office in central Paris, the injustice is a good reason for abolishing it. People with money or connections, he said, can get well-paid assignments abroad. "It's not fair: some do it, some don't. "Several expressed support for the idea of a new socially-oriented voluntary service that would be open to both men and women. But the idea seemed less popular among women. Atpresent, women have the option of voluntary service and a small number choose to take it.51. 51.President Chirac's decision, announced on TV, on ending conscription seemed to______.A. have got no consensus from military officersB. have curbed disagreement among the officersC. be an apology made to the military academyD. be an understanding of all military officers52. 52.In place of military service, president Chirac proposed the establishment of______.A. a new military academyB. a rite of passage for young FrenchmenC. conscription over a period of six yearsD. professional armed forces53. 53.Conscription in France has existed______.A. since 1993B. since the French RevolutionC. nearly fifty yearsD. almost a century54. 54.What worries people who have **pleted their military service about the reform?A. A lack of experience that helps build national morale.B. The injustice arising from voluntary military service.C. A shortage of recruit.D. The weakening of national defense.55. 55.When Patrick considered his time in the army "in retrospect," he______.A. regretted his waste of time serving in the armyB. corrected his previous view on military serviceC. still felt sorrow for those under a forced serviceD. revealed his failure to get on with people56. 56.We learn from the passage that French women______.A. are greeting the reform with enthusiasmB. are not eligible to serve in the armyC. do not **pulsory military serviceD. hate to be exempted from military service57. 57.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?A. Fairness in Conscription Is DesirableB. Chirac's Administration Meets ObjectionsC. Soul of France Is to Be Kept with ArmsD. Few French Regret the Farewell to ArmsMost people who develop Lyme disease, a tick-born infection that's endemic in parts of the Northeast and Midwest, are easily cured by taking an antibiotic like doxycycline for a couple of weeks. But for years a debate has raged over what to do about patients whose symptoms(fatigue, mental confusion, joint pain)never seem to clear up. One small but vocal group of doctors and patient advocates believes that Lyme's corkscrew-shaped spirochetes have tunneled deep into their victims' bodies and can be eradicated only with intensive antibiotic treatment over many months. Another group believes, just as adamantly, that the bacteria are long gone, making further treatment with powerful antibiotics—which can lead to potentially fatal infections or bloodclots—positively dangerous.**es word of two studies in the New England Journal of Medicine that show that long-term antibiotic treatment is no better than a placebo for folks with chronic Lyme disease. Originally scheduled for publication in July, the research is part of a group of findings made public last week—just in time for the peak Lyme months of June and July. If confirmed by another major study that's looking at chronic Lyme and antibiotics from a slightly different perspective, the results would seem to settle the question once and for all.Researchers from Boston, New Haven, Conn., and V alhalla, N. Y., followed 129 patients who had previously been treated for well-documented cases of Lyme disease. Sixty-four were given antibiotics directly into their veins for a month, followed by two months of oral antibiotics. The others received dummy medications. A third of the chronic Lyme patients got better while taking the antibiotics. But so did a third of those on the placebo. Indeed, the results were so similar that a monitoring board decided to cut the trials short rather than add more subjects to the test groups.Unfortunately, the debate over chronic Lyme has become so heated that no one expects the controversy to go away. But both sides may **fort in the other findings that were released by the New England Journal last week. After studying 482 subjects bitten by deer ticks in a part of New York with a lot of Lyme disease, researchers concluded that a singly 200-mg dose of doxycycline dramatically cut the risk of contracting the disease. That good news is tempered somewhat by the fact that 80% of patients who develop the infection don't remember ever being bitten by a tick.(The bugs inject an anesthetic into the skin to mask the pain and in their nymph stage are so small—about the size of a poppy seed—that they are easily overlooked.)There's still plenty you can do to protect yourself in a Lyme-infested neighborhood: tuck your pants in your socks, spray DEET on your clothing, check yourself and your kids for ticks. And if you develop a spreading red rash—particularly if it's accompanied by joint pain, chills or confusion—make sure you see a doctor right away. The trick, as always, is to be vigilant without overreacting.58. 58.According to the passage, Lyme disease______.A. is one of the contagious diseasesB. is spread by a kind of tiny bugsC. causes infection all over the bodyD. develops against any painkillers59. 59.With respect to treating chronic Lyme, ______.A. even the patients doubt the antibiotic treatmentB. doxycycline has been regarded as the most effectiveC. doctors disagree as to the effect of strong antibioticsD. moderate antibiotics are better than intensive ones60. 60.The word "adamantly"(in boldface)is closest in meaning to______.A. unprejudicedlyB. undoubtedlyC. understandablyD. unyieldingly61. 61.As the contest shows, a placebo is______.A. a dummy medicationB. a chronic Lyme patientC. one peak Lyme monthD. better than an antibiotic62. 62.How is the experiment with 129 patients related to the argument stated in Paragraph 2?A. It aims to look at the problem from a different perspective.B. The experiment result shows the contrary to the argument.C. The experiment result gives a support to the argument.D. It aims to provide an alternative solution to the problem.63. 63.The good news to both sides of the debate is that______.A. an infected majority didn't sense any tick bitingB. one dose of antibiotics may prevent the infectionC. doxycycline is strong enough to end the infectionD. antibiotics live up to their reputation to cure Lyme64. 64.What useful information can be drawn from the passage by a chronic Lyme patient?A. We are still not out of the woods in curing the disease.B. They should take cautions against being further infection.C. We have both traditional and new ways to treat the disease.D. They should keep alert while traveling in a Lyme-infected area.65. 65.In what kind of style is the passage written?A. Narrative.B. Argumentative.C. Informative.D. Descriptive.English-Chinese TranslationAs Apple prepares to report what(analysts project)may be **pany's first year-over-year quarterly earnings decline in a decade on Tuesday, it is also grappling with jittery investors and a recent share-price plunge that has wiped about $ 280 billion off its market capitalization since its stock reached a high of $ 702. 10 last September.【T1】Much of the investor nervousness is rooted in how Wall Street is treating and valuing the Cupertino, Calif. , company as a traditional hardware maker. One camp of analysts and some investors said there is strong evidence that Apple should be viewed in a different light: as a software-hardware hybrid.The distinction matters. If it continues to be seen as a hardware business, Apple's streak—driven by products like the iPhone and iPad—could run out quickly as smartphones and tablets **moditized and consumer tastes change. 【T2】It is a lesson learned by companies like BlackBerry-maker Research In Motion Ltd. , whose tech hardware was quickly eclipsed by products from Apple itself.If Apple is classified as a software-hardware hybrid, **pany could be valued more like Internet and software makers that have recurring revenue streams and that often trade at higher price-to-earnings ratios than hardware firms."The market views Apple as a consumer **pany tied to product cycles that drive volatile revenue and earnings streams," says Morgan Stanley analyst Katy Huber-ty. 【T3】But that view isn't complete, she says, since "Apple customers buy into a brand that offers ease of use similar to。
考博英语模拟试题及答案
考博英语模拟试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 教育是社会进步的关键。
B. 技术发展对教育的影响是负面的。
C. 教育改革需要更多的创新思维。
D. 教育应该更加注重实践能力的培养。
答案：A2. 文章中提到的“终身学习”的概念，主要强调了什么？A. 学习是个人发展的终身任务。
B. 学习应该在学校之外进行。
C. 学习是职业发展的必要条件。
D. 学习是社会进步的驱动力。
答案：A3. 作者认为教育改革应该包括哪些方面？A. 教学方法和课程内容的更新。
B. 学校管理体制的改革。
C. 教师培训和学生评价体系的改进。
D. 所有上述选项。
答案：D4. 文章中提到的“批判性思维”在教育中的作用是什么？A. 帮助学生更好地理解知识。
B. 培养学生的独立思考能力。
C. 提高学生解决问题的能力。
D. 促进学生对知识的深入探究。
答案：B5. 根据文章，以下哪项不是教育改革的挑战？A. 资金不足。
B. 教师资源的缺乏。
C. 学生对新教学方法的抵触。
D. 社会对教育改革的误解。
答案：C二、完形填空（共15分，每题1.5分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In recent years, the popularity of online education has been growing rapidly. It offers a convenient way for students to learn __6__ the comfort of their own homes. However, there are also some __7__ to consider.6. A. in B. at C. on D. from答案：A7. A. benefits B. drawbacks C. opportunities D. challenges答案：D8. The main advantage of online education is that it allows for __8__ flexibility in scheduling.A. personalB. individualC. uniqueD. specific答案：B9. Despite the convenience, some students may find it difficult to __9__ in an online environment.A. interactB. participateC. engageD. connect答案：B10. Online courses often require a high level of __10__ and self-discipline.A. motivationB. inspirationC. encouragementD. stimulation答案：A三、翻译（共15分，每题5分）1. 教育不仅仅是知识的传授，更是价值观和道德观的培养。
考博英语模拟试卷26(题后含答案及解析)
考博英语模拟试卷26(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Reading Comprehension 2. Structure and V ocabulary 3. Cloze 4. Chinese-English Translation 5. WritingReading ComprehensionOne of the greatest mysteries in the study of Cetacea [aquatic mammals] has always been that the creatures found in the stomachs of toothed whales show no teeth marks. Now a University of California at Santa Cruz professor thinks he may have solved the enigma with what he calls the “big bang”theory of cetacean predation. Ken Norris, natural history professor, believes that rather than use their teeth to attack their victims, toothed whales stun their prey with intense bursts of sound. He points out that all 68 species of odontocetes (a sub-order that includes dolphins) use sound to locate their victims, and suggests this ability may have evolved to the point where it could be used as a weapon. Millions of years ago, the ancestors of whales had a narrow tapered jaw, streamlined for speed and bristling with long rows of sharp teeth. Today odontocetes are not adapted to surprising their prey or trapping it quickly. Most are more bulky than their forebearers; their teeth are short and unevenly spaced when they exist at all. Norris suggests that because of their sonar ability, whales’ teeth have become vestigial, like the human appendix. It is difficult to test the big bang theory because in captivity, cetaceans tend to moderate their sonar so as not to deafen other creatures in their small, highly reflective tanks. Dolphins are known to politely turn off their echolocation systems when passing one another. And in the wild it’s hard to tell whether a sound came from a nearby animal or form another very far away. But Norris points to the male narwhal as tacit proof of his theory. This whale has no teeth, and the single spiral tusk that extends about eight feet in front of him would seem to be more of an impediment than an aid in catching shrimp, his preferred feed. “You look at these animals and you wonder what’s going on.”1．The underlined word enigma means ______.A．debateB．factC．mysteryD．proof正确答案：C解析：enigma难于理解的问题、人、物、情况等；奥秘2．The primary purpose of this passage is to ______.A．argue for a ban on the capture of whales and dolphinsB．describe the evolution of whalesC．report a possible explanation for the lack of teeth marks on whales’ victims D．reveal the flaws in the “big bang” theory of cetacean predation正确答案：C解析：文章第一段第一句”One of the greatest mysteries in the study of Cetacea(aquatic mammals)has always been that the creatures found in the stomachs of toothed whales show no teeth marks”描述了一个难以解释的现象，即在有牙齿的鲸鱼腹内发现的生物身上并没有齿痕；接下来第二句“Now a University of California at Santa Cruz professor thinks he may have solved the enigma with what he calls the” big bang “theory of cetacean predation”，针对前面的现象提出了一种理论”big bang” theory来予以解释，后面几段一直在围绕这种理论展开介绍和评论，因此选C。
2023考博英语模拟67(考卷附答案)
2023考博英语模拟67(考卷附答案)一、阅读理解（每题2分，共40分）Section ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed ten questions or unfinished statements. For each question or statement, there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.Proponents of argue that while it may displace certain jobs, it will also create new opportunities. They believethat will enable humans to focus on more creative and strategic tasks, there enhancing productivity and innovation. Moreover, the development of can lead to the creation of new industries and job roles that we cannot even imagine today.1. What is the main concern about the rapid development of ?A) It will improve efficiency and reduce costs.B) It will lead to widespread job losses.C) It will create new industries and job roles.D) It will displace certain jobs but create new opportunities.2. Which of the following industries is most likely to be affected ?A) EducationB) ManufacturingC) HealthcareD) Entertainment3. What is the primary argument in favor of ?A) It will enable humans to focus on more creative tasks.B) It will replace all human jobs.C) It will lead to a decrease in productivity.4. According to the passage, what should policymakers do to address the impact of on employment?B) Ban the development of .C) Ignore the potential negative impact of .D) Invest in education and training programs for all workers.5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a measure to address the impact of on employment?A) Investing in education and training programsD) Banning the development ofPassage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage.Climate change is one of the most pressing issues facing the world today. The Earth's average temperature has been rising steadily over the past century, primarily due to the increase in greenhouse gas emissions. This phenomenon has farreaching consequences for our planet, including more frequent and severe weather events, rising sea levels, and the loss of biodiversity.To mitigate the effects of climate change, it is crucial to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. One effective way to achieve this is through the adoption of renewable energy sources, such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. These sources produce little to no carbon emissions and can help reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.However, the transition to renewable energy is not without challenges. One major obstacle is the high initial cost of implementing renewable energy infrastructure. Additionally, the intermittent nature of some renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, makes them less reliable than traditional energy sources.Governments around the world have implemented various policies to promote the use of renewable energy. These include providing subsidies for renewable energy projects, setting renewable energy targets, and imposing carbon taxes on industries that emit large amounts of greenhouse gases.6. What is the primary cause of climate change?A) The increase in greenhouse gas emissionsB) The adoption of renewable energy sourcesC) The loss of biodiversityD) The rising sea levels7. Which of the following is a consequence of climate change?A) More frequent and severe weather eventsB) The transition to renewable energyC) The high initial cost of implementing renewable energy infrastructureD) The imposition of carbon taxes8. What is one effective way to mitigate the effects of climate change?A) Increasing greenhouse gas emissionsB) Adopting renewable energy sourcesC)一、阅读理解答案Section A1. B2. B3. A4. A5. D6. A7. A8. B1. 理论基础部分（2）气候变化的原因、后果及应对措施（3）可再生能源的优势与挑战2. 各题型知识点详解及示例（1）阅读理解考察学生对长篇文章的整体理解、细节把握和推理判断能力。
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考博英语模拟试题：考博英语阅读训练（4）以下是小编为大家整理的关于《考博英语模拟试题：考博英语阅读训练（4）》，供大家学习参考！China reins in economic expansionChina's growth in fixed-asset investment and its money supply slowed considerably in August，providing firm evidence that the government's tightening measures were reining in the country's rapid economic expansion.examda Urban fixed-asset investment in August rose 21.5 per cent compared with a year ago，a marked slowdown from the 30.5 per cent expansion from January through July and the slowest for a single month since December 2004. M2，the broad indicator for money supply， rose 17.9 per cent last month compared with 18.4 per cent in July and June.China's economy has been growing at a record pace，expanding by 11.3 per cent in the second quarter. Beijing officials and many economists are concerned that such growth rates are not sustainable in the longer term.The latest economic data，which were released by Qiu Xiaohua，commissioner of China's National Bureau of Statistics，suggest Beijing has been able to control excessive lending and investment to sectors such as real estate that are especially at risk of overheating.Beijing is using a combination of monetary and administrative controls in its attempts to moderate growth. Since late April，China's central bank has twice raised benchmark lending rates and bank reserve requirements. Yesterday it also mopped up a record Rmb225bn （$28.3bn）in its regular open market operations.examdaSu Ning，the deputy central bank governor，said this week at an international conference in Beijing that the country's money supply was slowing dramatically as a result of these measures.At the same time，China's leaders are trying to control unnecessary production - for instance by limiting land rights and enforcing environmental standards in key industries such as steel，cement and automobiles.Beijing is also worried about overlending to urban property projects，including residences，offices and industrial parks，and the threat it could lead to artificially high prices and excess supply.While trying to temper credit and investment growth，Beijing is also attempting to stimulate consumer spending，since it believes a strong middle class will be a key driver of future growth.China's statistics body said August retail sales were up 13.8 per cent，a rate consistent with that of the previous two months. Demand for oil products，jewellery，automobiles and building has been particularly strong.一、参考译文：8月份中国固定资产投资及货币供应量增长速度明显放缓，这有力地证明，政府的紧缩举措，正在抑制中国经济的迅速扩张。
8月份，中国城市固定资产投资较上年同期增长21.5%，与1至7月份期间30.5%的扩张速度相比，有明显放缓；同时也是自2004年12月以来，单月增幅最低的一个月。
广义货币供应量M2上月增长17.9%，而7月份和6月份的增幅均为18.4%.中国经济一直在以创纪录的速度增长，第二季度的增幅为11.3%.中国政府官员和许多经济学家担心，长远而言，这样的增长速度难以维持。
中国国家统计局（National Bureau of Statistics）局长邱晓华发布的最新经济数据显示，中国政府能够控制对房地产等行业的过渡放贷和投资，这些行业尤其存在过热风险。
中国政府正通过货币和行政调控手段相结合的方式，努力缓和经济增长。
自4月底以来，中国央行已两度上调基准贷款利率和银行存款准备金比率。
昨日，央行还在其例行的公开市场操作中，创纪录地完成2250亿元人民币（合283亿美元）的资金回笼工作。
本周，中国央行副行长苏宁在北京举行的一个国际会议上表示，由于上述措施，中国的货币供应“明显”放缓。
与此同时，中国领导人正试图控制非必要的生产——例如，在钢铁、水泥和汽车等关键行业，限制土地使用权并强制执行各种环保标准。
中国政府还对城市地产项目（包括住宅、写字楼和工业园区）上的过度放贷，以及可能由此导致的人为高价和供应过度感到担忧。
考试大在努力遏制信贷和投资增长的同时，中国政府还试图刺激消费支出，因为它认为，一个强大的中产阶层，将成为未来经济增长的关键驱动力。
中国国家统计局表示，8月份，社会消费品零售总额较上年同期增长13.8%，这一幅度与前两个月持平。
石油产品、珠宝、汽车和建筑方面的需求一直特别强劲。
二、重点词汇：investment n.投资，可获利的东西evidence n.明显，显著，明白，迹象，根据， [物]证据，证物indicator n.指示器， [化]指示剂sustainable adj.可以忍受的，足可支撑的，养得起的excessive adj.过多的，过分的，额外benchmark[计]基准deputyn.代理人，代表dramatically adv.戏剧地，引人注目地artificially adv.人工（考试大）credit n.信任，信用，声望，荣誉， [财务]贷方，银行存款vt.相信，信任，把……归给previous adj.在前的，早先的adv.（1）在……以前；（2）返回上一级菜单考博英语模拟试题：考博英语阅读训练（3）以下是小编为大家整理的关于《考博英语模拟试题：考博英语阅读训练（3）》，供大家学习参考！Ringtones no longer ringing the tillsThe days of making easy money from ringtones short clips of music for mobile phones are over.What has been a hugely profitable business is coming under pressure from a narrowing of the craze to a smaller group of mostly younger people， a shift in the nature of ringtones themselves， and growing competition among distributors.In the UK and other European countries， where the fad first took hold， many of the people who once paid￡2 （$3.5） or more for a 10-second clip have given up buyingringtones，said Chris Jones， an analyst at Canalys，a technology industry consultancy： People were doing it because it was a new thing to do. That has worn off with a big part of the market. In the US， where the business is at a much earlier stage，the craze appears to have stalled even before it has reached a mass market. Only about one in 10 mobile subscribers is buying ringtones. That is the same proportion as a year ago，according to InfoSpace，a US ringtone company that claims 47 percent of the US market，though it adds that reliable statistics about the market are difficult to come by.examdaAt the same time， the new band of distributors that sprang up to sell ringtones is finding the fat profits much harder to come by. Users are starting to switch away from the familiar polyphonic renditions of famous tunes to short clips of the original music known in the industry as truetones or realtones.Most of the profits from these go straight to the record labels， not the middlemen who made a killing from earlier， cruder versions.一、参考译文靠一小段手机音乐铃声轻松赚钱的日子已经过去了。