《货币金融学》课程习题参考答案-第四章-201009[1]
《货币金融学》课程习题参考答案-第四章-201009[1]
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第四章利息与利息率1. 资本使用权 机会成本 风险2. 资本化3. 基准利率4. 厘5. 利润 利润6. 利润7. 复利& 低于9. 联邦基金利率10 .年利率 月利率 日利率11.名义利率实际利率12 .固定利率 浮动利率13 .竞价拍卖14 .平均利润率 借贷双方的竞争 传统习惯、法律规定15 .总出产 总需求 货币供给货币需求16 .单利 复利17 .经济贫困 资本严重不足18 .利率期限结构19 .利率期限结构20 .资本边际收益_、 判断1. 错 2 . 对 3.对 4 .错5 .错 7. 错8 . 对9.对10 .错三、 单选1. D 2 D 3 . A 4 . C 7. A& B9 . B10.C四、 多选1. ABCD 2 . ABCD、填空5.均衡产出水平6.对五、问答1•简述马克思的利息实质观。
答：马克思针对资本主义经济中利息指出：“贷出者和借入者双方都是把同一货币额作为资本支出的。
……它所以能对双方都作为资本执行职能， 只是由于利润的分割， 其中归贷出者的部分叫做利息。
”这样的分析论证了利息实质上是利润的一部分，是利润在贷放货币 的资本家与从事经营的资本家之间的分割。
以剩余价值论的观点概括为： 在典型的资本主义社会中， 利息体现了贷放货币资本的资 本家与从事产业经营的资本家共同占有剩余价值以及瓜分剩余价值的关系。
2 •简述马克思的利率决定理论。
答：马克思的利率决定论是以剩余价值在不同资本家之间的分割为起点的。
利息是贷出资本的资本家从借入资本的资本家那里分割来的一部分剩余价值。
剩余价值表现为利润。
所以，利润本身就成为利息的最高限，达到这个最高限，归执行职能的资本家的那部分就会等于零。
利息不可以为零，否则有资本而未运营的资本家就不会把资本贷出。
因此，利息率的变化范围是在零”与平均利润率之间。
至于在这中间，定位于何处，马克思认为这取决于借贷双方的竞争，也取决于传统习惯、法律规定等因素。
(完整word版)货币金融学习题集(附答案)
第一章货币与货币制度一、填空题1。
货币是长期发展的产物，是表现形式发展的必然结果.2。
在货币产生的过程中,商品价值形式的发展经过、、、等四个阶段。
3。
当人们选择用作一般等价物时，货币就产生了。
4. 货币作为一种特殊的商品，具有两个重要特征：一是,二是.5.货币币材和形制经历了从、、、到等五个阶段的发展过程。
6.金属货币主要沿着两个方向演变：一是经历了由到贵金属的演变；二是经历了由到铸币的演变。
7.货币要成为普遍接受的交换媒介，必须具备两个基本条件：一是；二是.8。
货币在表现和衡量商品价值时，货币执行职能；在商品的赊销赊购过程，货币执行职能；在退出流通时执行职能；在世界市场上发挥一般等价物作用时执行职能。
9。
本位币的面值与金属本身的实际价值是一致的，是货币，是法偿货币。
10.在金属货币流通条件下，流通中的货币量能被,使得与保持相互适应。
11。
货币制度相继经历了、、、等四个阶段。
12。
银行券是银行发行的一种，即银行保证持有人可以随时向签发银行兑换相应的一种凭证,通常以作为发行准备。
13.铸币的发展有一个从足值到的过程.14.国家垄断辅币铸造，归国家所有，构成重要的财政收入来源。
15。
在金本位制下，一国汇率围绕上下波动，汇率波动界限是。
16。
平行本位制下，金币和银币是按照比价流通，双本位制下，金币和银币则按照比价流通。
17。
在跛行本位制下，可以自由铸造而不能自由铸造。
18.在金汇兑本位制下，本币只能先兑换，再兑换。
19。
存储于银行电子计算机系统内可利用银行卡随时提取现金或支付的存款货币称为。
20。
货币金本位制有、、等三种形式。
21.金币本位制的三大特征是指、、。
22。
信用货币主要由现金和存款组成，其中现金是对公众的负债，存款则是对存款人的负债。
23。
人民币的发行权属于，是全国惟一的货币发行机关.24。
信用货币的形式有、纸币和等形式。
25。
货币成为普遍接受的交换媒介须具备两个基本条件：一是，二是 .26。
《货币金融学》课后习题答案
《货币金融学》课后习题参考答案第一章货币与货币制度1.解释下列概念:狭义货币、广义货币、准货币、实物货币、格雷欣法则。
答:(1)狭义货币,通常由现金和活期存款组成。
这里的现金是指流通中的通货。
活期存款,在国外是指全部的活期存款,在我国只包括支票类和信用类活期存款。
狭义货币是现实购买力的代表,是各国货币政策调控的主要对象。
(2)广义货币,通常由现金、活期存款、储蓄存款、定期存款及某些短期流动性金融资产组成。
这里的短期流动性金融资产是指那些人们接受程度较高的可在一定程度上执行货币某些职能的信用工具,如商业票据、可转让存单、国库券、金融债券、保险单、契约等。
广义货币扩大了货币的范围,包括了一切可能成为现实购买力的货币形式。
对于研究货币流通整体状况和对未来货币流通的预测都有独特作用。
(3)准货币,也称亚货币。
一般将广义货币口径中除狭义货币以外的部分称为准货币或亚货币。
包括活期存款、储蓄存款、定期存款及某些短期流动性金融资产组成。
这里的短期流动性金融资产是指那些人们接受程度较高的可在一定程度上执行货币某些职能的信用工具,如商业票据、可转让存单、国库券、金融债券、保险单、契约等。
准货币本身虽非真正的货币,但由于它们在经过一定的手续后,能比较容易地转化为现实的购买力,加大流通中的货币供应量。
所以,也称为近似货币。
(4)实物货币,是指以自然界存在的某种物品或人们生产出来的某种物品来充当的货币。
最初的实物货币形式五花八门,各地、各国和各个时期各不相同。
例如,在中国历史上,充当过实物货币的物品种类就有:龟壳、海贝、布匹、农具、耕牛等。
实物货币的缺点在于:不易分割和保存、不便携带,而且价值不稳定,很难满足商品交换的需要。
所以,它不是理想的货币形式,随后被金属货币所取代。
(5)格雷欣法则,是指两种实际价值不同而法定价值相同的货币同时流通时,实际价值高.2.如何理解货币的定义?它与日常生活中的通货、财富和收入概念有何不同?答:(1)货币是日常生活中人们经常使用的一个词,它的含义丰富,在不同的场合有不同的意义。
货币金融学练习第四章答案
货币金融学(米什金教材) 第四章理解利率配套习题答案本章概要、填空1现值 2 负3固定支付4 息票利率5 贴现6 息票7 长8 增加9 回报率10到期期限11 利率12 信用市场练习练习1（a）50/(1+i) (b) 50/ (1+i)2 (c) 50 (1+i)2 (d) 50 (1+i)练习21. 435.51=500/(1+0.05) 22. 413.22=500/(1+0.10) 23. 341.51=500/(1+0.10) 44. 现值下跌5现值下跌练习3Part A1. 1000=600/(1+i)+600/(1+i) 22. 1041美元3高于4. 975美元5.低于Part B1低于，因为债券价格高于面值2 1079=100/(1+i) + 100/(1+i) 2 +1100/(1+i)3 3。
1052美元4 低于5 1136美元6 高于练习4该表格说明，随着贴现债券到期期限的缩短，贴现基础上的收益率对到期收益率的低估程度缩小。
练习52030年到期的6 1/4、2026年11月到期的6 1/2、2005年5月到期的6 3/4的债券，这三种债券当期收益率能够较好地衡量利率。
原因是，这三种债券出售的价格接近于面值，而且2026年11月到期的6 1/2、2030年到期的6 1/4的到期期限很长。
练习61．110%。
计算过程如下：永续债券年初的价格为1000美元=100美元/0.10，下一年的价格为2000美元=100美元/0/05.因此，回报率等于110%=1.10=（2000美元-1000美元+100美元）/1000美元2. 14.8%。
计算过程如下：息票债券年初价格为1000美元，因为债券平价出售，所以利率等于息票利率。
下一年，因为债券还有1年到期，价格为1048美元=100美元/（1+0.05）+1000美元/(1+0.05)。
因此，回报率等于14.9%=0.148=（1048美元-1000美元+100美元）/1000美元永续债券是更好的投资，因为如果两种债券的利率同样下跌，到期期限较长的债券，即永续债券的价格上升幅度更大。
货币金融学课后习题答案
第一章课后习题答案一、关键词1.货币（money；currency）从商品中分离出来固定地充当一般等价物的商品。
现代货币：是指以某一权力机构为依托，在一定时期一定地域内推行的一种可以执行交换媒介、价值尺度、延期支付标准及作为完全流动的财富的储藏手段等功能的凭证。
一般可以分为纸凭证及电子凭证，就是人们常说的纸币及电子货币。
2.信用货币（credit money）由国家法律规定的，强制流通不以任何贵金属为基础的独立发挥货币职能的货币。
目前世界各国发行的货币，基本都属于信用货币。
3.货币职能（monetary functions）货币本质所决定的内在功能。
货币的职能主要包括了价值尺度、流通手段、贮藏手段、支付手段和国际货币这五大职能。
4.货币层次（monetary levels）货币层次的划分：M1=现金+活期存款；M2=M1+储蓄存款+定期存款；M3=M2+其他所有存款；M4=M3+短期流动性金融资产。
这样划分的依据是货币的流动性。
5.流动性（liquidity）资产能够以一个合理的价格顺利变现的能力，它是一种所投资的时间尺度（卖出它所需多长时间）和价格尺度（与公平市场价格相比的折扣）之间的关系。
6.货币制度（monetary system）国家对货币的有关要素、货币流通的组织与管理等加以规定所形成的制度，完善的货币制度能够保证货币和货币流通的稳定，保障货币正常发挥各项职能。
二、重要概念1.价值形式商品的价值表现形式。
商品的价值不能自我表现，必须在两种商品的交换中通过另一种商品表现出来。
2.一般等价物从商品中分离出来的充当其它一切商品的统一价值表现材料的商品，它的出现，是商品生产和交换发展的必然结果。
3.银行券由银行（尤指中央银行）发行的一种票据，俗称钞票。
早期银行券由商业银行分散发行，代替金属货币流通，通过与金属货币的兑现维持其价值。
中央银行产生以后，银行券由中央银行垄断发行，金属货币制度崩溃后，银行券成为不兑现的纸制信用货币。
(完整word版)货币金融学_朱新蓉__课后习题答案(修改后)
第一章课后习题答案三、思考题1.为什么说货币形式从实物货币到金属再到信用货币是必然规律？货币形式的演变过程体现着一个基本规律，即货币形式的发展必须适应生产力水平的发展。
在所有经济因素中，生产力因素是决定性的，货币同其他因素一样，都要适应生产力海水平。
不管是形式多样的实物货币，还是曾经发挥过巨大促进作用的金属货币，都不可避免地被淘汰，而信用货币则是适合当前生产力水平的货币形式。
2.支付手段职能导致货币危机性的原因何在？它与通货膨胀有何关系？⑴支付手段可能引发债务链条，从而导致货币流通和商品流通的不正常。
并且，货币具有相对独立运行的能力，在无发行信用保证时，可能引发货币的超量发行从而导致货币危机的发生。
⑵从表面上看，支付手段是货币进行单方面的转移，与商品脱离了关系，所以容易给人一种错觉，认为货币本身就是一种财富，货币越多财富就越多，导致货币量急剧增长，严重偏离商品和劳务总量，最终的结果只可能是物价上涨引致通货膨胀。
3.金属货币的贮藏手段职能为什么可以自发调节货币流通量，而信用货币不能？在金属货币条件下，当经济中出现一定的物价上涨时，人们会倾向于收藏货币等待物价回落，而金属货币“窖藏”的贮藏方式可以使流通中货币实实在在地减少，从而使物价回落；在信用货币的条件下，由于信用货币本身是价值符号，人们面对物价上涨就会尽可能地将货币换成商品，而且即便人们愿意贮藏，信用货币的主要贮藏方式是存款，存款不仅不会减少流通中货币量，相反还可能通过银行信用创造出更多货币，所以，自发调节货币流通量的功能就不存在了。
4.电子货币的发展会对货币层次和货币范围产生怎样的影响？在传统的货币理论中，根据金融资产流动性的高低，将货币划分为四个不同的层次，然而，对货币层次进行划分要具备两个基本的前提：一是要客观存在具有明显不同流动性和收益的金融资产；二是各种金融资产之间的界限十分明显并且在统计时点前后的一段时间内保持相对稳定性。
在电子货币条件下，传统货币层次的划分前提受到了挑战。
《货币金融学》课后习题答案
《货币金融学》课后习题答案《货币金融学》课后习题答案一、论述题1、什么是货币？货币的职能是什么？答：货币是一种在商品和劳务交易中充当等价物，具有一定形状和形式的财富。
它的职能包括交换媒介、计价单位、价值储藏和延期支付标准。
2、解释并评价三种货币定义：交换媒介、偿债工具和价值储藏。
答：交换媒介是货币最基本的功能，它使商品和劳务的交换变得更加便利。
偿债工具是指货币可以用来偿还债务，例如债券和票据等。
价值储藏是将货币作为一种保存价值的手段，在将来进行使用。
这三种定义各有优缺点，需要根据实际情况进行综合评价。
3、论述货币需求的主要影响因素。
答：货币需求的主要影响因素包括经济增长、利率、物价水平、金融市场发展程度、消费倾向等。
其中，经济增长和利率对货币需求有显著影响，物价水平和金融市场发展程度也会对货币需求产生影响。
二、分析题1、分析货币供给的主要决定因素。
答：货币供给的主要决定因素包括中央银行的基础货币、商业银行的存款创造能力、金融市场的发达程度、利率、物价水平等。
其中，中央银行的基础货币是影响货币供给的最重要因素，商业银行的存款创造能力也会对货币供给产生显著影响。
此外，金融市场的发展程度和利率也会对货币供给产生影响。
2、分析货币政策的影响因素及其传导机制。
答：货币政策的影响因素包括经济增长、通货膨胀、就业情况、国际收支状况等。
其传导机制包括货币渠道和信用渠道。
其中，货币渠道是通过调整货币供应量来影响利率，进而影响投资和总产出。
信用渠道则是通过影响银行贷款的可得性来影响投资和总产出。
三、计算题1、假设某国基础货币为1000亿美元，活期存款的法定准备金率为0.1%，现金漏损率为0.2%，请计算该国商业银行的存款创造能力。
答：根据商业银行的存款创造能力公式，存款=1/法定准备金率 - 现金漏损率，可计算出该国商业银行的存款创造能力为990亿美元。
2、假设某国经济增长率为3%，物价上涨率为2%，请计算该国的实际经济增长率。
米什金《货币金融学》(第11版)章节题库-第4章 理解利率【圣才出品】
第4章 理解利率一、概念题1．利息与利率答：利息指借入方因取得资金使用权而支付给贷出方的报酬，是利润的一部分，伴随着信用关系的发展而产生。
一方面，利息是借入者取得资金使用权所付出的代价；另一方面，利息是贷出者让渡资金使用权而应当获得的报酬。
利率即利息率，是一定时期内利息额与贷出资本额的比率，是衡量生息资本增值程度的尺度。
按照不同的划分标准，利率可以分为基准利率、差别利率、官定利率、公定利率、市场利率、固定利率、浮动利率等。
在现代经济生活中，各国政府都通过调节利率来调控宏观经济。
2．基准利率答：基准利率是指通过市场机制形成的无风险利率，是在多种利率并存的条件下起决定作用的利率，即这种利率发生变动，其他利率也会相应变动。
在市场经济国家，政府发行的债券利率，即国债利率可看作为无风险利率。
基准利率必须是市场化的利率：一方面，只有市场机制才能形成整个社会的无风险利率；另一方面，也只有市场机制中的市场化的无风险利率，其变化才可以使全社会其他利率按照同样的方向和幅度发生变化。
基准利率在实际生活中也有另一种用法。
如中国人民银行对商业银行等金融机构的存、贷利率叫基准利率；美国主要是联邦储备系统确定“联邦基金利率”，该系统也同时发布贴现率；欧洲中央银行则发布三个指导利率；有价证券回购利率、央行对商业银行的隔夜贷款利率和商业银行在央行的隔夜存款利率。
3．单利和复利答：单利指本金所生利息后不再加入本金重复计息的计算方式。
即在计算下一时间单位的利息时，本金中不包括上一时间单位所生的利息，而仅按原始的本金和借贷时间的长短来计算。
用单利法计算利息，优点是简便易行，有利于减轻借款人的利息负担。
其计算公式为：I＝P×R×n，S＝P（1＋R×n）。
式中，S为终值，I为利息，P为本金，R为利率，n为期限。
复利指本金所生利息加入本金重复计息的计算方式。
即在计算利息时，分期计息，在一定时期内按本金计息，随即将所得到的利息加入本金，作为计算下一期利息的基础，俗称“利滚利”。
货币金融单元试题集与答案
货币金融单元试题集与答案（18 个章节）第一章货币金融学是一门什么样的学科？习题练习思考题1．简述货币金融学的发展和演化过程。
2．说明你对货币金融学定义的理解。
3．说明货币金融学与金融学、货币经济学、货币银行学之间的关系。
4．货币金融学有什么特殊的研究和学习方法？5．学习货币金融学的意义是什么？第二章货币与货币制度习题练习（一）单项选择题1．实物货币是指（）A．没有内在价值的货币B 不能分割的货币C 专指贵金属货币D 作为货币价值与普通商品价值相等的价值2．货币作为价值尺度所要解决的是（）A 实现商品的交换B 表现特定商品的价值C 在商品之间进行价值比较的难题D 使人们不必对商品进行比较3．商品流通与物物交换的区别在于（）A 前者包括许多商品的交换，而后者只包括两种商品B 前者是指以货币为媒介的商品交换的总体，后者则是指包括两种商品C 前者是指以货币为媒介的商品交换的总体，后者则是不以某种商品为媒介的各种商品之间的交换D．前者是指不以货币为媒介的商品交换的总体，后者则是没有货币的两种商品之间的交换4．劣币是指实际价值（）的货币。
A 等于零B 等于名义价值C 高于名义价值D 低于名义价值5．本位货币是（）A 是一个国家货币制度规定的标准货币B 本国货币当局发行的货币C 以黄金为基础的货币D 可以与黄金兑换的货币6．典型的金银复本位制是（）A 金银比价由政府和市场共同决定的金银两本位制B 金银的比价由市场决定的金银两本位制C 金银的比价由政府规定的金银两本位制D 金银比价由银行规定的金银两本位制7．跛行本位制是指（）A 银币的铸造受到控制的金银两本位制B 金币的铸造受到控制的金银两本位制C 以金币为本位货币的金银复本位制D 以银币为本位货币的金银复本位制8．纸币本位制是以（）的货币制度。
A 银行券为本位货币B 可以自由兑换黄金的本位货币C 信用货币为本位货币D 纸币为本位货币9．典型的金本位制是（）A 金块本位制B 金汇兑本位制C 虚金本位制D 金币本位制10．本位货币在商品流通和债务支付中具有（）的特点。
《金融学》答案第四章 货币的时间价值与现金流贴现分析
CHAPTER 4THE TIME VALUE OF MONEY AND DISCOUNTED CASH FLOW ANALYSISObjectives∙To explain the concepts of compounding and discounting, future value and present value.∙To show how these concepts are applied to making financial decisions.Outline4.1Compounding4.2The Frequency of Compounding4.3Present Value and Discounting4.4Alternative Discounted Cash Flow Decision Rules4.5Multiple Cash Flows4.6Annuities4.7Perpetual Annuities4.8Loan Amortization4.9Exchange Rates and Time Value of Money4.10Inflation and Discounted Cash Flow Analysis4.11Taxes and Investment DecisionsSummary∙Compounding is the process of going from present value (PV) to future value (FV). The future value of $1 earning interest at rate i per period for n periods is (1+i)n.∙Discounting is finding the present value of some future amount. The present value of $1 discounted at rate i per period for n periods is 1/(1+i)n.∙One can make financial decisions by comparing the present values of streams of expected future cash flows resulting from alternative courses of action. The present value of cash inflows less the present value of cash outflows is called net present value (NPV). If a course of action has a positive NPV, it is worth undertaking.∙In any time value of money calculation, the cash flows and the interest rate must be denominated in the same currency.∙Never use a nominal interest rate when discounting real cash flows or a real interest rate when discounting nominal cash flows.How to Do TVM Calculations in MS ExcelAssume you have the following cash flows set up in a spreadsheet:A B1t CF20-1003150426053706NPV7IRRMove the cursor to cell B6 in the spreadsheet. Click the function wizard f x in the tool bar and when a menu appears, select financial and then NPV. Then follow the instructions for inputting the discount rate and cash flows. You can input the column of cash flows by selecting and moving it with your mouse. Ultimately cell B6should contain the following:=NPV(0.1,B3:B5)+B2The first variable in parenthesis is the discount rate. Make sure to input the discount rate as a decimal fraction (i.e., 10% is .1). Note that the NPV function in Excel treats the cash flows as occurring at the end of each period, and therefore the initial cash flow of 100 in cell B2 is added after the closing parenthesis. When you hit the ENTER key, the result should be $47.63.Now move the cursor to cell B7to compute IRR. This time select IRR from the list of financial functions appearing in the menu. Ultimately cell B7 should contain the following:=IRR(B2:B5)When you hit the ENTER key, the result should be 34%.Your spreadsheet should look like this when you have finished:A B1t CF20-1003150426053706NPV47.637IRR34%Solutions to Problems at End of Chapter1.If you invest $1000 today at an interest rate of 10% per year, how much will you have 20 years from now,assuming no withdrawals in the interim?2. a. If you invest $100 every year for the next 20 years, starting one year from today and you earninterest of 10% per year, how much will you have at the end of the 20 years?b.How much must you invest each year if you want to have $50,000 at the end of the 20 years?3.What is the present value of the following cash flows at an interest rate of 10% per year?a.$100 received five years from now.b.$100 received 60 years from now.c.$100 received each year beginning one year from now and ending 10 years from now.d.$100 received each year for 10 years beginning now.e.$100 each year beginning one year from now and continuing forever.e.PV = $100 = $1,000.104.You want to establish a “wasting” fund which will provide you with $1000 per year for four years, at which time the fund will be exhausted. How much must you put in the fund now if you can earn 10% interest per year?SOLUTION:5.You take a one-year installment loan of $1000 at an interest rate of 12% per year (1% per month) to be repaid in 12 equal monthly payments.a.What is the monthly payment?b.What is the total amount of interest paid over the 12-month term of the loan?SOLUTION:b. 12 x $88.85 - $1,000 = $66.206.You are taking out a $100,000 mortgage loan to be repaid over 25 years in 300 monthly payments.a.If the interest rate is 16% per year what is the amount of the monthly payment?b.If you can only afford to pay $1000 per month, how large a loan could you take?c.If you can afford to pay $1500 per month and need to borrow $100,000, how many months would it taketo pay off the mortgage?d.If you can pay $1500 per month, need to borrow $100,000, and want a 25 year mortgage, what is thehighest interest rate you can pay?SOLUTION:a.Note: Do not round off the interest rate when computing the monthly rate or you will not get the same answerreported here. Divide 16 by 12 and then press the i key.b.Note: You must input PMT and PV with opposite signs.c.Note: You must input PMT and PV with opposite signs.7.In 1626 Peter Minuit purchased Manhattan Island from the Native Americans for about $24 worth of trinkets. If the tribe had taken cash instead and invested it to earn 6% per year compounded annually, how much would the Indians have had in 1986, 360 years later?SOLUTION:8.You win a $1 million lottery which pays you $50,000 per year for 20 years, beginning one year from now. How much is your prize really worth assuming an interest rate of 8% per year?SOLUTION:9.Your great-aunt left you $20,000 when she died. You can invest the money to earn 12% per year. If you spend $3,540 per year out of this inheritance, how long will the money last?SOLUTION:10.You borrow $100,000 from a bank for 30 years at an APR of 10.5%. What is the monthly payment? If you must pay two points up front, meaning that you only get $98,000 from the bank, what is the true APR on the mortgage loan?SOLUTION:If you must pay 2 points up front, the bank is in effect lending you only $98,000. Keying in 98000 as PV and computing i, we get:11.Suppose that the mortgage loan described in question 10 is a one-year adjustable rate mortgage (ARM), which means that the 10.5% interest applies for only the first year. If the interest rate goes up to 12% in the second year of the loan, what will your new monthly payment be?SOLUTION:Step 2 is to compute the new monthly payment at an interest rate of 1% per month:12.You just received a gift of $500 from your grandmother and you are thinking about saving this money for graduation which is four years away. You have your choice between Bank A which is paying 7% for one-year deposits and Bank B which is paying 6% on one-year deposits. Each bank compounds interest annually. What is the future value of your savings one year from today if you save your money in Bank A? Bank B? Which is the better decision? What savings decision will most individuals make? What likely reaction will Bank B have? SOLUTION:$500 x (1.07) = $535Formula:$500 x (1.06) = $530a.You will decide to save your money in Bank A because you will have more money at the end of the year. Youmade an extra $5 because of your savings decision. That is an increase in value of 1%. Because interestcompounded only once per year and your money was left in the account for only one year, the increase in value is strictly due to the 1% difference in interest rates.b.Most individuals will make the same decision and eventually Bank B will have to raise its rates. However, it isalso possible that Bank A is paying a high rate just to attract depositors even though this rate is not profitable for the bank. Eventually Bank A will have to lower its rate to Bank B’s rate in order to make money.13.Sue Consultant has just been given a bonus of $2,500 by her employer. She is thinking about using the money to start saving for the future. She can invest to earn an annual rate of interest of 10%.a.According to the Rule of 72, approximately how long will it take for Sue to increase her wealth to $5,000?b.Exactly how long does it actually take?SOLUTION:a.According to the Rule of 72: n = 72/10 = 7.2 yearsIt will take approximately 7.2 years for Sue’s $2,500 to double to $5,000 at 10% interest.b.At 10% interestFormula:$2,500 x (1.10)n = $5,000Hence, (1.10)n = 2.0n log 1.10 = log 2.0n = .693147 = 7.27 Years.095310rry’s bank account has a “floating” interest rate on certain deposits. Every year the interest rate is adjusted. Larry deposited $20,000 three years ago, when interest rates were 7% (annual compounding). Last year the rate was only 6%, and this year the rate fell again to 5%. How much will be in his account at the end of this year?SOLUTION:$20,000 x 1.07 x 1.06 x 1.05 = $23,818.2015.You have your choice between investing in a bank savings account which pays 8% compounded annually (BankAnnual) and one which pays 7.5% compounded daily (BankDaily).a.Based on effective annual rates, which bank would you prefer?b.Suppose BankAnnual is only offering one-year Certificates of Deposit and if you withdraw your moneyearly you lose all interest. How would you evaluate this additional piece of information when making your decision?SOLUTION:a.Effective Annual Rate: BankAnnual = 8%.Effective Annual Rate BankDaily = [1 + .075]365 - 1 = .07788 = 7.788%365Based on effective annual rates, you would prefer BankAnnual (you will earn more money.)b.If BankAnnual’s 8% annual return is conditioned upon leaving the money in for one full year, I would need tobe sure that I did not need my money within the one year period. If I were unsure of when I might need the money, it might be safer to go for BankDaily. The option to withdraw my money whenever I might need it will cost me the potential difference in interest:FV (BankAnnual) = $1,000 x 1.08 = $1,080FV (BankDaily) = $1,000 x 1.07788 = $1,077.88Difference = $2.12.16.What are the effective annual rates of the following:a.12% APR compounded monthly?b.10% APR compounded annually?c.6% APR compounded daily?SOLUTION:Effective Annual Rate (EFF) = [1 + APR] m - 1ma.(1 + .12)12 - 1 = .1268 = 12.68%12b.(1 + .10)- 1 = .10 = 10%1c.(1 + .06)365 - 1 = .0618 = 6.18%36517.Harry promises that an investment in his firm will double in six years. Interest is assumed to be paid quarterly and reinvested. What effective annual yield does this represent?EAR=(1.029302)4-1=12.25%18.Suppose you know that you will need $2,500 two years from now in order to make a down payment on a car.a.BankOne is offering 4% interest (compounded annually) for two-year accounts, and BankTwo is offering4.5% (compounded annually) for two-year accounts. If you know you need $2,500 two years from today,how much will you need to invest in BankOne to reach your goal? Alternatively, how much will you need to invest in BankTwo? Which Bank account do you prefer?b.Now suppose you do not need the money for three years, how much will you need to deposit today inBankOne? BankTwo?SOLUTION:PV = $2,500= $2,311.39(1.04)2PV = $2,500= $2,289.32(1.045)2You would prefer BankTwo because you earn more; therefore, you can deposit fewer dollars today in order to reach your goal of $2,500 two years from today.b.PV = $2,500= $2,222.49(1.04)3PV = $2,500= $2,190.74(1.045)3Again, you would prefer BankTwo because you earn more; therefore, you can deposit fewer dollars today in order to reach your goal of $2,500 three years from today.19.Lucky Lynn has a choice between receiving $1,000 from her great-uncle one year from today or $900 from her great-aunt today. She believes she could invest the $900 at a one-year return of 12%.a.What is the future value of the gift from her great-uncle upon receipt? From her great-aunt?b.Which gift should she choose?c.How does your answer change if you believed she could invest the $900 from her great-aunt at only 10%?At what rate is she indifferent?SOLUTION:a. Future Value of gift from great-uncle is simply equal to what she will receive one year from today ($1000). Sheearns no interest as she doesn’t receive the money until next year.b. Future Value of gift from great-aunt: $900 x (1.12) = $1,008.c. She should choose the gift from her great-aunt because it has future value of $1008 one year from today. Thegift from her great-uncle has a future value of $1,000. This assumes that she will able to earn 12% interest on the $900 deposited at the bank today.d. If she could invest the money at only 10%, the future value of her investment from her great-aunt would only be$990: $900 x (1.10) = $990. Therefore she would choose the $1,000 one year from today. Lucky Lynn would be indifferent at an annual interest rate of 11.11%:$1000 = $900 or (1+i) = 1,000 = 1.1111(1+i)900i = .1111 = 11.11%20.As manager of short-term projects, you are trying to decide whether or not to invest in a short-term project that pays one cash flow of $1,000 one year from today. The total cost of the project is $950. Your alternative investment is to deposit the money in a one-year bank Certificate of Deposit which will pay 4% compounded annually.a.Assuming the cash flow of $1,000 is guaranteed (there is no risk you will not receive it) what would be alogical discount rate to use to determine the present value of the cash flows of the project?b.What is the present value of the project if you discount the cash flow at 4% per year? What is the netpresent value of that investment? Should you invest in the project?c.What would you do if the bank increases its quoted rate on one-year CDs to 5.5%?d.At what bank one-year CD rate would you be indifferent between the two investments?SOLUTION:a.Because alternative investments are earning 4%, a logical choice would be to discount the project’s cash flowsat 4%. This is because 4% can be considered as your opportunity cost for taking the project; hence, it is your cost of funds.b.Present Value of Project Cash Flows:PV = $1,000= $961.54(1.04)The net present value of the project = $961.54 - $950 (cost) = $11.54The net present value is positive so you should go ahead and invest in the project.c.If the bank increased its one-year CD rate to 5.5%, then the present value changes to:PV = $1,000= $947.87(1.055)Now the net present value is negative: $947.87 - $950 = - $2.13. Therefore you would not want to invest in the project.d.You would be indifferent between the two investments when the bank is paying the following one-year interestrate:$1,000 = $950 hence i = 5.26%(1+i)21.Calculate the net present value of the following cash flows: you invest $2,000 today and receive $200 one year from now, $800 two years from now, and $1,000 a year for 10 years starting four years from now. Assume that the interest rate is 8%.SOLUTION:Since there are a number of different cash flows, it is easiest to do this problem using cash flow keys on the calculator:22.Your cousin has asked for your advice on whether or not to buy a bond for $995 which will make one payment of $1,200 five years from today or invest in a local bank account.a.What is the internal rate of return on the bond’s cash flows? What additional information do you need tomake a choice?b.What advice would you give her if you learned the bank is paying 3.5% per year for five years(compounded annually?)c.How would your advice change if the bank were paying 5% annually for five years? If the price of thebond were $900 and the bank pays 5% annually?SOLUTION:a.$995 x (1+i)5 = $1,200.(1+i)5 = $1,200$995Take 5th root of both sides:(1+i) =1.0382i = .0382 = 3.82%In order to make a choice, you need to know what interest rate is being offered by the local bank.b.Upon learning that the bank is paying 3.5%, you would tell her to choose the bond because it is earning a higherrate of return of 3.82% .c.If the bank were paying 5% per year, you would tell her to deposit her money in the bank. She would earn ahigher rate of return.5.92% is higher than the rate the bank is paying (5%); hence, she should choose to buy the bond.23.You and your sister have just inherited $300 and a US savings bond from your great-grandfather who had left them in a safe deposit box. Because you are the oldest, you get to choose whether you want the cash or the bond. The bond has only four years left to maturity at which time it will pay the holder $500.a.If you took the $300 today and invested it at an interest rate 6% per year, how long (in years) would ittake for your $300 to grow to $500? (Hint: you want to solve for n or number of periods. Given these circumstances, which are you going to choose?b.Would your answer change if you could invest the $300 at 10% per year? At 15% per year? What otherDecision Rules could you use to analyze this decision?SOLUTION:a.$300 x (1.06)n = $500(1.06)n = 1.6667n log 1.06 = log 1.6667n = .510845 = 8.77 Years.0582689You would choose the bond because it will increase in value to $500 in 4 years. If you tookthe $300 today, it would take more than 8 years to grow to $500.b.You could also analyze this decision by computing the NPV of the bond investment at the different interest rates:In the calculations of the NPV, $300 can be considered your “cost” for acquiring the bond since you will give up $300 in cash by choosing the bond. Note that the first two interest rates give positive NPVs for the bond, i.e. you should go for the bond, while the last NPV is negative, hence choose the cash instead. These results confirm the previous method’s results.24.Suppose you have three personal loans outstanding to your friend Elizabeth. A payment of $1,000 is due today, a $500 payment is due one year from now and a $250 payment is due two years from now. You would like to consolidate the three loans into one, with 36 equal monthly payments, beginning one month from today. Assume the agreed interest rate is 8% (effective annual rate) per year.a.What is the annual percentage rate you will be paying?b.How large will the new monthly payment be?SOLUTION:a.To find the APR, you must first compute the monthly interest rate that corresponds to an effective annual rate of8% and then multiply it by 12:1.08 = (1+ i)12Take 12th root of both sides:1.006434 = 1+ ii = .006434 or .6434% per monthOr using the financial calculator:b.The method is to first compute the PV of the 3 loans and then compute a 36 month annuity payment with thesame PV. Most financial calculators have keys which allow you to enter several cash flows at once. This approach will give the user the PV of the 3 loans.Note: The APR used to discount the cash flows is the effective rate in this case, because this method is assuming annual compounding.25.As CEO of ToysRFun, you are offered the chance to participate, without initial charge, in a project that produces cash flows of $5,000 at the end of the first period, $4,000 at the end of the next period and a loss of $11,000 at the end of the third and final year.a.What is the net present value if the relevant discount rate (the company’s cost of capital) is 10%?b.Would you accept the offer?c.What is the internal rate of return? Can you explain why you would reject a project which has aninternal rate of return greater than its cost of capital?SOLUTION:At 10% discount rate:Net Present Value = - 0 + $5,000 + $4,000 - $11,000 = - 413.22(1.10)(1.10)2 (1.10)3c.This example is a project with cash flows that begin positive and then turn negative--it is like a loan. The 13.6% IRR is therefore like an interest rate on that loan. The opportunity to take a loan at 13.6% when the cost of capital is only 10% is not worthwhile.26.You must pay a creditor $6,000 one year from now, $5,000 two years from now, $4,000 three years from now, $2,000 four years from now, and a final $1,000 five years from now. You would like to restructure the loan into five equal annual payments due at the end of each year. If the agreed interest rate is 6% compounded annually, what is the payment?SOLUTION:Since there are a number of different cash flows, it is easiest to do the first step of this problem using cash flow keys on the calculator. To find the present value of the current loan payments:27.Find the future value of the following ordinary annuities (payments begin one year from today and all interest rates compound annually):a.$100 per year for 10 years at 9%.b.$500 per year for 8 years at 15%.c.$800 per year for 20 years at 7%.d.$1,000 per year for 5 years at 0%.e.Now find the present values of the annuities in a-d.f.What is the relationship between present values and future values?SOLUTION:Future Value of Annuity:e.f.The relationship between present value and future value is the following:FV = PV x (1+i)n28.Suppose you will need $50,000 ten years from now. You plan to make seven equal annual deposits beginning three years from today in an account that yields 11% compounded annually. How large should the annual deposit be?SOLUTION:You will be making 7 payments beginning 3 years from today. So, we need to find the value of an immediate annuity with 7 payments whose FV is $50,000:29.Suppose an investment offers $100 per year for five years at 5% beginning one year from today.a.What is the present value? How does the present value calculation change if one additional payment isadded today?b.What is the future value of this ordinary annuity? How does the future value change if one additionalpayment is added today?SOLUTION:$100 x [(1.05)5] - 1 = $552.56.05If you were to add one additional payment of $100 today, the future value would increase by:$100 x (1.05)5 = $127.63. Total future value = $552.56 + $127.63 = $680.19.Another way to do it would be to use the BGN mode for 5 payments of $100 at 5%, find the future value of that, and then add $100. The same $680.19 is obtained.30.You are buying a $20,000 car. The dealer offers you two alternatives: (1) pay the full $20,000 purchase price and finance it with a loan at 4.0% APR over 3 years or (2) receive $1,500 cash back and finance the rest at a bank rate of 9.5% APR. Both loans have monthly payments over three years. Which should you choose? SOLUTION:31.You are looking to buy a sports car costing $23,000. One dealer is offering a special reduced financing rate of 2.9% APR on new car purchases for three year loans, with monthly payments. A second dealer is offering a cash rebate. Any customer taking the cash rebate would of course be ineligible for the special loan rate and would have to borrow the balance of the purchase price from the local bank at the 9%annual rate. How large must the cash rebate be on this $23,000 car to entice a customer away from the dealer who is offering the special 2.9% financing?SOLUTION:of the 2.9% financing.32.Show proof that investing $475.48 today at 10% allows you to withdraw $150 at the end of each of the next 4 years and have nothing remaining.SOLUTION:You deposit $475.48 and earn 10% interest after one year. Then you withdraw $150. The table shows what happensAnother way to do it is simply to compute the PV of the $150 annual withdrawals at 10% : it turns out to be exactly $475.48, hence both amounts are equal.33.As a pension manager, you are considering investing in a preferred stock which pays $5,000,000 per year forever beginning one year from now. If your alternative investment choice is yielding 10% per year, what is the present value of this investment? What is the highest price you would be willing to pay for this investment? If you paid this price, what would be the dividend yield on this investment?SOLUTION:Present Value of Investment:PV = $5,000,000 = $50,000,000.10Highest price you would be willing to pay is $50,000,000.Dividend yield = $5,000,000 = 10%.$50,000,00034. A new lottery game offers a choice for the grand prize winner. You can receive either a lump sum of $1,000,000 immediately or a perpetuity of $100,000 per year forever, with the first payment today. (If you die, your estate will still continue to receive payments). If the relevant interest rate is 9.5% compounded annually, what is the difference in value between the two prizes?SOLUTION:The present value of the perpetuity assuming that payments begin at the end of the year is:$100,000/.095 = $1,052,631.58If the payments begin immediately, you need to add the first payment. $100,000 + 1,052,632 = $1,152,632.So the annuity has a PV which is greater than the lump sum by $152,632.35.Find the future value of a $1,000 lump sum investment under the following compounding assumptions:a.7% compounded annually for 10 yearsb.7% compounded semiannually for 10 yearsc.7% compounded monthly for 10 yearsd.7% compounded daily for 10 yearse.7% compounded continuously for 10 yearsa.$1,000 x (1.07)10 = $1,967.15b.$1,000 x (1.035)20 = $1,989.79c.$1,000 x (1.0058)120 = $2,009.66d.$1,000 x (1.0019178)3650 = $2,013.62e.$1,000 x e.07x10 = $2,013.7536.Sammy Jo charged $1,000 worth of merchandise one year ago on her MasterCard which has a stated interest rate of 18% APR compounded monthly. She made 12 regular monthly payments of $50, at the end of each month, and refrained from using the card for the past year. How much does she still owe? SOLUTION:Sammy Jo has taken a $1,000 loan at 1.5% per month and is paying it off in monthly installments of $50. We could work out the amortization schedule to find out how much she still owes after 12 payments, but a shortcut on the financial calculator is to solve for FV as follows:37.Suppose you are considering borrowing $120,000 to finance your dream house. The annual percentage rate is 9% and payments are made monthly,a.If the mortgage has a 30 year amortization schedule, what are the monthly payments?b.What effective annual rate would you be paying?c.How do your answers to parts a and b change if the loan amortizes over 15 years rather than 30?EFF = [1 + .09]1238.Suppose last year you took out the loan described in problem #37a. Now interest rates have declined to 8% per year. Assume there will be no refinancing fees.a.What is the remaining balance of your current mortgage after 12 payments?b.What would be your payment if you refinanced your mortgage at the lower rate for 29 years? SOLUTION:Exchange Rates and the Time Value of Money39.The exchange rate between the pound sterling and the dollar is currently $1.50 per pound, the dollar interest rate is 7% per year, and the pound interest rate is 9% per year. You have $100,000 in a one-year account that allows you to choose between either currency, and it pays the corresponding interest rate.a.If you expect the dollar/pound exchange rate to be $1.40 per pound a year from now and are indifferentto risk, which currency should you choose?b.What is the “break-even” value of the dollar/pound exchange rate one year from now?SOLUTION:a.You could invest $1 today in dollar-denominated bonds and have $1.07 one year from now. Or you couldconvert the dollar today into 2/3 (i.e., 1/1.5) of a pound and invest in pound-denominated bonds to have .726667(i.e., 2/3 x 1.09) pounds one year from now. At an exchange rate of $1.4 per pound, this would yield 0.726667(1.4) = $1.017 (this is lower than $1.07), so you would choose the dollar currency.b.For you to break-even the .726667 pounds would have to be worth $1.07 one year from now, so the break-evenexchange rate is $1.07/.726667 or $1.4725 per pound. So for exchange rates lower than $1.4725 per pound one year from now, the dollar currency will give a better return.。
《货币金融学》课后习题参考答案
《货币金融学》课后习题参考答案第一章货币与货币制度1.解释下列概念：狭义货币、广义货币、准货币、实物货币、格雷欣法则（1）狭义货币，通常由现金和活期存款组成。
这里的现金是指流通中的通货。
活期存款，在国外是指全部的活期存款，在我国只包括支票类和信用类活期存款。
狭义货币是现实购买力的代表，是各国货币政策调控的主要对象。
（2）广义货币，通常由现金、活期存款、储蓄存款、定期存款及某些短期流动性金融资产组成。
这里的短期流动性金融资产是指那些人们接受程度较高的可在一定程度上执行货币某些职能的信用工具，如商业票据、可转让存单、国库券、金融债券、保险单、契约等。
广义货币扩大了货币的范围，包括了一切可能成为现实购买力的货币形式。
对于研究货币流通整体状况和对未来货币流通的预测都有独特作用。
（3）准货币，也称亚货币。
一般将广义货币口径中除狭义货币以外的部分称为准货币或亚货币。
包括活期存款、储蓄存款、定期存款及某些短期流动性金融资产组成。
这里的短期流动性金融资产是指那些人们接受程度较高的可在一定程度上执行货币某些职能的信用工具，如商业票据、可转让存单、国库券、金融债券、保险单、契约等。
准货币本身虽非真正的货币，但由于它们在经过一定的手续后，能比较容易地转化为现实的购买力，加大流通中的货币供应量。
所以，也称为近似货币。
（4）实物货币，是指以自然界存在的某种物品或人们生产出来的某种物品来充当的货币。
最初的实物货币形式五花八门，各地、各国和各个时期各不相同。
例如，在中国历史上，充当过实物货币的物品种类就有：龟壳、海贝、布匹、农具、耕牛等。
实物货币的缺点在于：不易分割和保存、不便携带，而且价值不稳定，很难满足商品交换的需要。
所以，它不是理想的货币形式，随后被金属货币所取代。
2.如何理解货币的定义？它与日常生活中的通货、财富和收入概念有何不同？答：（1）货币是日常生活中人们经常使用的一个词，它的涵义丰富，在不同的场合有不同的意义。
《货币金融学》章节测试题与答案
《货币金融学》章节测试题与答案第1章单元测试1、货币仅仅是财富的一部分，这句话对吗？答案：对2、货币价值尺度的特点有哪些？（）答案：不需要现实的货币、具有完全的排他性、价格标准3、货币与收入概念的区别是（）答案：货币是指存量而收入是指流量。
4、支付货币体系演变的过程是（）答案：实物货币—>金属货币—>纸币—>支票货币—>电子货币。
5、实物货币的主要缺点有哪些？（）答案：质量不一，不易分割成较小的单位。
、体积笨重，价小量大，携带运输不方便。
、容易磨损、变质，不易作为价值储藏手段。
、供给不稳定，导致价值不稳定。
第2章单元测试1、信用的特征有哪些？（）答案：偿还和付息2、与商业信用相比，银行信用有哪些特点？（）答案：银行信用是一种间接信用。
、银行信用的客体是货币资本。
、银行信用与产业资本的变动保持着一定的独立性。
3、消费信用的主要形式是（）答案：分期付款、消费贷款、信用卡4、经营租赁的特点是（）答案：可撤销性、不完全支付性、租赁物件由出租人批量采购5、为什么股份具有信用特征，原因可能包括（）答案：股份分散化、股权空心化、支付股利、股票回购6、通常情况下，安全性．流动性与收益性三者关系正确的有（）。
答案：证券的安全性与流动性呈正相关，与收益性负相关第3章单元测试1、金融机构的功能都包括哪些（）答案：存款功能。
、经纪和交易功能。
、承销功能。
、咨询和信托功能。
2、直接金融机构包括（）答案：投资银行。
、证券公司。
、证券交易所。
3、逆向选择角度解释金融中介存在的合理性包括（）答案：逆向选择是由于事前的信息不对称所导致的市场资源配置扭曲的现象。
、逆向选择问题源于信息不对称。
、逆向选择问题通常也被称为“二手车现象”或“柠檬问题”。
、证券市场上的逆向选择问题抑制了通过发行股票筹集资金的活动的正常展开。
4、由于信息不对称，交易发生前存在的（）将会使直接融资交易成本提高。
答案：逆向选择5、投资银行在英国被称为（）答案：商人银行。
货币金融学课后习题全部答案浙江大学出版社藤莉莉李国英版
货币金融学课后习题全部答案浙江大学出版社藤莉莉李国英版第1章能力训练参考答案：一、选择题1.B2. D3.A4. B5. A6.A7. D8. B9. ACDE 10. BCD二、名称解释货币：货币是由国家法律规定的，在商品劳务交易中或债务清偿中被社会普遍接受的物品。
一般等价物：实物货币：实物货币是指作为货币的价值与作为普通商品的价值相等的货币。
实物货币是货币最原始、最朴素的形式。
它本身既作为商品，同时又作为货币在充当交换媒介。
代用货币：是黄金等贵金属货币的替代品，代替黄金等贵金属发挥货币的职能。
代用货币本身的价值低于它作为货币的价值。
货币层次：各国中央银行在确定货币供给的统计口径时，以金融资产流动性的大小作为标准，并根据自身政策目的的特点和需要，划分为不同的货币层次。
货币层次的划分有利于中央银行进行宏观经济运行监测和货币政策操作。
货币制度：是一个国家以法律形式确定的货币流通准则和规范。
在内容上包括：规定本位货币和辅币的材料；确定货币单位；规定货币的发行程序和流通办法；确定发行准备和货币的对外联系。
本位货币：是一国货币制度规定的标准货币。
其特点是具有无限法偿的能力，即用它作为流通手段和支付手段，债权人不能拒绝接受。
而非本位货币不具有这种能力。
三、问答题1．货币的基本职能有哪些？在发达的商品经济中，货币具有价值尺度、流通手段、储藏手段、支付手段和世界货币五种职能。
2．什么是劣币驱逐良币？（1）劣币是指其作为货币的价值高于其作为普通商品的价值的货币。
（2）良币是作为货币的价值和其作为普通价值相等的货币。
（3）在两种货币可以自由铸造，自由兑换，自由熔化，自由输出入的情况下，作为货币价值高于其作为普通商品价值的货币商品就会被人们纷纷铸造为货币，而作为货币价值与普通价值相等的货币商品就会被人们熔化、输出而被储藏起来从而退出流通。
3．什么是“跛行本位制”（1）“跛行本位”是金银双本位制的一种演变形式。
其背景是由于世界白银供应激增，市场银价下跌，使得实行复本位制的国家银币充斥流通，金币减少。
《货币金融学》课程习题参考答案-第二章-201009[1]
![《货币金融学》课程习题参考答案-第二章-201009[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/d59d0e3d0912a216147929f9.png)
第二章信用一、填空1．偿还性2．私有3．极高的利率4．盈余超过（大于）5．赊销方式6．消费者个人7．国外商业性借贷国外直接投资8．有限责任公司9．银行信用二、判断1．对2．对3．错4．对三、单选1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．B四、多选1．BD 2．CD 3．AC 4．AB 5．BD 6．ABCD 7．BCD 8．ABD 9．AC五、问答1．如何理解信用的形式特征？答：信用的形式特征是以收回为条件的付出，或以归还为义务的取得；而且贷者之所以贷出，是因为有权取得利息，借着之所以可能借入，是因为承担了支付利息的义务。
现实生活中有时也有无利息的借贷，但这是由于某种政治目的或经济目的而采取的免除利息的优惠，是一般中的特殊。
西方不少国家的银行对企业的活期存款也往往不支付利息，但存款者可以享受银行的有关服务和取得贷款的某些权利，实际上还是隐含有利息的。
2．简述民间信用的特点及其在我国经济中的地位。
答：从1979年我国经济改革与开放政策开始执行直至今天，特别是农村地区，民间借贷相当活跃，而且利率较高。
但其产生基础并非全是迫于丧葬嫁娶、天灾人祸乃至赌博挥霍之类的紧急需要，有相当大的部分是为了解决经营方面的资金需要。
改革开放为私人的经营活动提供了极大的余地。
他们极其需要货币资金，而高的投资回报又使其有可能支付高水平的利息；换言之，这里的高利率并未达到阻碍经营活动发展的水平。
在相当大的程度上具有高利贷性质的民间借贷，之所以活跃，是由于现代的信用体系尚不足以满足经济生活中的借贷需求。
面对这种情况，显然不应简单排斥、禁止，而应采取积极的方针。
3．为什么说现代经济是信用经济？答：现代经济可以称之为“信用经济”，理由是债权债务关系无所不在，相互交织，形成网络，覆盖着整个经济生活。
对于企业经营单位，时时有借入与贷出。
政府，几乎没有不发行债券的，而各国政府对外国政府，有时是既借债又放债。
个人同样是如此。
就我国来说，如果银行不办理储蓄业务，那将是不可想象的。
货币金融学习题及参考答案
货币金融学习题及参考答案一.单项选择题1.信用起源于（）A、商品交换B、货币流通C、生产社会化Ｄ、私有制２．在信用关系的价值运动中,货币执行的职能是（ )A、价值尺度Ｂ、流通手段Ｃ、支付手段 D、储藏手段3．美国同业拆借市场也称（)A、贴现市场Ｂ、承兑市场Ｃ、联邦基金市场 D、外汇交易市场4.资本市场是指（）A、短期市场B、一级市场C、发行市场D、长期市场5．劣币是指实际价值( )的货币A、等于零Ｂ、等于名义价值 C、高于名义价值Ｄ、低于名义价值6．( )是提供金融服务和产品的企业。
A、金融市场B、金融体系Ｃ、金融中介 D、金融工具７．货币市场交易与资本市场交易相比较,具有( )的特点。
Ａ、期限短B、流动性低 C、收益率高 D、风险大8．同业拆借市场是金融机构之间为( )而相互融通的市场。
A、减少风险Ｂ、提高流动性 C、增加收入Ｄ、调剂短期资金余缺9．政策性金融机构是（）的金融机构。
Ａ、与商业银行没有区别B、不以营利为目的Ｃ、由政府支持不完全以营利为目的Ｄ、代表国家财10．本位货币是指( )A、一个国家货币制度规定的标准货币B、本国货币当局发行的货币B、以黄金为基础的货币D、可以与黄金兑换的货币11、由政府或政府金融机构确定并强令执行的利率是（)A、公定利率Ｂ、一般利率C、官定利率D、固定利率12．信托最突出的特征是对信托财产(）的分割A、使用权B、租赁权C、所有权Ｄ、代理权13．世界上第一家现代银行――英格兰银行产生于( )A、16９0年B、1６９4年C、1580年D、1５87年14．金融监管按大类分可分为证券、保险、( ）等监管机构A、信托B、银行Ｃ、基金Ｄ、投资15．"格雷欣法则"这一现象一般发生在(）A、银本位制B、金银复本位制C、双本位制Ｄ、平行本位制１６．假定原始存款为200万元，法定准备率为20%,存款总额可扩大为（)A、4000万元B、３600万元Ｃ、3000万元D、5000万元１７．一张面额为100０元的一年期的汇票,３个月后到期。
2020年秋冬智慧树知道网课《货币金融学(同济大学)》课后章节测试满分答案
第一章测试1【单选题】(10分)货币作为价值尺度所要解决的是（）。
A.使人们不必对商品进行比较B.在商品之间进行价值比较C.实现商品的交换D.表现特定商品的价值2【单选题】(10分)商品流通与物物交换的区别在于（）。
A.前者是指以货币为媒介的商品交换的总体，后者则是不以某种商品为媒介的各种商品之间的交换。
B.前者是指以货币为媒介的商品交换的总体，后者则是只包括两种商品。
C.前者是指不以货币为媒介的商品交换的总体，后者则是没有货币的两种商品之间的交换。
D.前者包括许多商品的交换3【单选题】(10分)劣币是指实际价值（）的货币。
A.等于名义价值B.高于名义价值C.低于名义价值D.等于零【单选题】(10分)金银复本位制是（）。
A.金银比价由政府和市场共同决定的金银两本位制。
B.金银比价由银行决定的金银两本位制。
C.金银的比价由市场决定的金银两本位制。
D.金银的比价由政府规定的金银两本位制。
5【单选题】(10分)跛行本位制是指（）。
A.金币的铸造受到控制的金银两本位制B.以银币为本位货币的金银两本位制。
C.以金币为本位货币的金银两本位制。
D.银币的铸造受到控制的金银两本位制6【多选题】(10分)货币的支付手段只能（）。
A.使进入流通的商品增加时，流通所需要的货币可能不会增加B.使商品交易双方的价值的相向运动有一个时间间隔C.加剧了商品流通过程中爆发危机的可能性D.克服了现款交易对商品生产和流通的限制7【多选题】(10分)现代信用货币可以是（）等形式。
A.电子货币B.信用卡C.钞票D.支票存款E.定期存款8【多选题】(10分)货币制度的内容包括：（）。
A.确定本位货币和辅币的材料B.确定本国货币的发行准备和对外关系C.确定不同种类的货币的铸造、发行和流通方法D.确定本位货币的单位E.确定货币的价值9【判断题】(10分)作为价值尺度，货币解决了在商品和劳务之间进行价值比较的难题。
A.错B.对10【判断题】(10分)信用货币价值稳定的基础是中央银行提供给社会公众的信用。
米什金《货币金融学》笔记和课后习题详解(理解利率)【圣才出品】
第4章理解利率4.1 复习笔记1．利率的计量（1）现值在普通贷款中，用利息除以贷款额是计量借款成本的标准，这种成本计量称为单利。
计算将来一笔货币收入相当于今天多少数额的过程可以称为对未来的贴现。
现值是从现在算起数年后能够收到的某笔收入的贴现价值。
如果i代表利率水平，PV 代表现值，CF代表未来现金流量，n代表年限，那么计算公式如下：PV＝CF/（1＋i）n （2）四种类型的信用市场工具①普通贷款普通贷款中，借款人获得一定数量的资金（本金），到期归还并向贷款人支付额外的一定量金额，也就是利息。
发放给企业的商业贷款通常属于此种类型。
②固定支付贷款（也称分期偿还贷款）这种贷款给借款人提供一笔资金，在数年以内，借款人每月都必须偿还固定数量的资金（包括部分本金及利息）。
分期付款贷款和抵押贷款通常属于固定支付贷款。
③息票债券息票债券是一种每年向其持有人支付固定利息、到期偿还本金的债券。
息票债券的四要素：面值、发行人、到期日和息票利率。
④贴现发行债券贴现发行债券，也称零息债券，以低于面值的价格购入（贴现），到期日按票面价值偿还。
与息票债券不同，贴现债券不支付任何利息，仅支付票面价值。
这四种类型的信用市场工具对清偿时间的要求不同：普通贷款和贴现发行债券仅要求在其到期日进行支付，而固定支付贷款和息票债券则要求在其期限内定期进行支付。
（3）到期收益率到期收益率，即恰好使债券工具带来的回报的现值与其现在的价值相等的利率。
理解到期收益率计算的关键是使债券工具带来的回报的现值与其现在的价值相等。
①普通贷款普通贷款到期收益率的计算公式：LV ＝（LV ＋I ）/（1＋i ）n ，其中，LV ＝贷款金额，I ＝利息支付额，n ＝贷款年限，i ＝到期收益率。
对于普通贷款，单利率等于到期收益率。
因此，在普通贷款中，同一个i 既用来表示单利率，也用来表示到期收益率。
②固定支付贷款固定支付贷款的到期收益率计算公式：23=1(1)(1)(1)n FP FP FP FPLV i i i i ++++++++其中，LV ＝贷款金额，FP ＝年固定偿付额，n ＝贷款年限，i ＝到期收益率。
米什金货币银行学第九版中文课后题答案
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第四章利息与利息率
一、填空
1．资本使用权机会成本风险
2．资本化
3．基准利率
4．厘
5．利润利润
6．利润
7．复利
8．低于
9．联邦基金利率
10．年利率月利率日利率
11．名义利率实际利率
12．固定利率浮动利率
13．竞价拍卖
14．平均利润率借贷双方的竞争传统习惯、法律规定
15．总出产总需求货币供给货币需求均衡产出水平
16．单利复利
17．经济贫困资本严重不足
18．利率期限结构
19．利率期限结构
20．资本边际收益
二、判断
1．错2．对3．对4．错5．错6．对
7．错8．对9．对10．错
三、单选
1．D 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C
四、多选
1．ABCD 2．ABCD
五、问答
1．简述马克思的利息实质观。
答：马克思针对资本主义经济中利息指出：“贷出者和借入者双方都是把同一货币额作为资本支出的。
……它所以能对双方都作为资本执行职能，只是由于利润的分割，其中归贷出者的部分叫做利息。
”这样的分析论证了利息实质上是利润的一部分，是利润在贷放货币的资本家与从事经营的资本家之间的分割。
以剩余价值论的观点概括为：在典型的资本主义社会中，利息体现了贷放货币资本的资本家与从事产业经营的资本家共同占有剩余价值以及瓜分剩余价值的关系。
2．简述马克思的利率决定理论。
答：马克思的利率决定论是以剩余价值在不同资本家之间的分割为起点的。
利息是贷出资本的资本家从借入资本的资本家那里分割来的一部分剩余价值。
剩余价值表现为利润。
所以，利润本身就成为利息的最高限，达到这个最高限，归执行职能的资本家的那部分就会等于零。
利息不可以为零，否则有资本而未运营的资本家就不会把资本贷出。
因此，利息率的变化范围是在“零”与平均利润率之间。
至于在这中间，定位于何处，马克思认为这取决于借贷双方的竞争，也取决于传统习惯、法律规定等因素。
3．简述实际利率理论。
答；实际利率理论强调非货币的实际因素在利率的决定中的作用，注重的实际因素是生产率和节约。
生产率用边际投资倾向表示，节约用边际储蓄倾向表示。
投资流量会因利率的提高而减少，储蓄会因利率的提高而增加。
故投资是利率的递减函数，储蓄是利率的递增函数。
而利率的变化则取决于投资流量与储蓄流量的均衡。
在投资不变的情况下，储蓄的增加会使利率下降；若储蓄不变，投资增加则有均衡利率的上升。
4．简述凯恩斯的利率决定理论
答：凯恩斯的利率决定理论认为，利率决定于货币供求数量，而货币需求量取决于人们的流动性偏好。
如果人们对流动性的偏好强，愿意持有的货币量就增加，当货币的需求大于货币的供给时，利率上升；反之，人们的流动性偏好转弱时，将对货币的需求下降。
因此，利率是由流动性偏好曲线与货币供给曲线共同决定的。
货币供给曲线M，由货币当局决定，货币需求曲线L=L1+L2是一条由上而下、由左到右的曲线，越向右，越与横轴平行。
当货币供给与货币需求曲线的平行部分相交时，利率将不在变动，即无论怎样增加货币供给，货币均会被存储起来，不会对利率产生任何影响。
这就是凯恩斯利率理论中的“流动性陷阱”。
5．简述可贷资金理论
答：罗伯特和俄林提出“可贷资金理论”。
一方面反对古典学派对货币因素的忽视，认为仅以储蓄、投资分析利率过于片面，同时也抨击凯恩斯完全否定非货币因素在利率决定的作用观点。
按可贷资金理论，借贷资金的需求与供给均包括两个方面：借贷资金需求来自某期间投资流量和该期间人们希望保有的货币余额；借贷资金供给则来自于同一期间的储蓄流量和该期间货币供应量的变动。
作为借贷资金供给一项内容的货币供给与利率呈正相关；而作为借贷资金需求一项内容的货币需求与利率则呈负相关关系。
均衡条件为：I+△M D=S+△M S 如果投资与储蓄这一对实际因素的力量对比不变，按照这一理论，则货币供需力量对比的变化即足以改变利率，因此，利率在一定程度上是货币现象。
6．新古典综合学派是如何分析利率的决定的？
答：新古典综合学派对于利率的分析运用了著名的IS-LM模型。
IS曲线刻画任意给定的利率水平所对应的总产出均衡水平的位置，或者说商品市场处于均衡状态时的利率与产出的组合。
建立这一曲线的基本出发点是利率r对市场总需求的负相关作用，以及总需求对产出，也即对收入Y的决定作用。
LM曲线刻画任意给定的利率水平所对应的货币供需均衡的位置，或货币市场处于均衡状态时的利率与产出组合。
建立这一曲线的基本出发点是凯恩斯发展的货币需求函数。
IS曲线给出了相对于任一利率水平所对应的确定均衡产出的位置，但是它并不能确定
任一利率水平本身是否是均衡利率。
而LM曲线给出了相对于任一产出水平的确定均衡利率的位置，但是它并不能确定任一产出水平的本身是否是均衡产出。
IS曲线与LM曲线都是由利率和收入水平确定的。
两条曲线的交点表明：在产品市场上，总产出等于总需求；在货币市场上，货币供给等于货币需求。
也就是说，这一点上，既决定了均衡产出水平Y，也决定了均衡利率水平r e。
7．简述利率在经济中的作用。
答：在市场经济中，利率的作用相当广泛：
从微观角度说，对个人收入在消费与储蓄之间的分配，对企业的经营管理和投资决策，利率的影响非常直接；
从宏观角度说，对货币需求与供给，对市场总供给与总需求，对物价水平，对国民收入分配，对汇率和资本的国际流动，进而对经济成长和就业等，利率都是重要的经济杠杆。