中国饮食文化翻译
中国饮食文化翻译
一、官方译名的翻译原则中餐菜单的翻译涉及内容颇多。
不仅要考虑菜品的原料、烹饪方法,还要照顾到人名、地名和一些特有品名的叫法。
北京市外办公布的官方菜单译名中,对中文菜单的英译都采用了什么样的翻译原则呢?以主料为主,配料或配汁为辅的翻译原则1. 菜肴的主料和配料主料(名称/形状)+ with + 配料如:松仁香菇Chinese Mushrooms with Pine Nuts2. 菜肴的主料和配汁主料+ with / in + 汤汁(Sauce) 如:冰梅凉瓜Bitter Melon in Plum Sauce以烹制方法为主,原料为辅的翻译原则1. 菜肴的做法和主料做法(动词过去分词)+ 主料(名称/形状) 如:拌双耳Tossed Black and White Fungus2. 菜肴的做法、主料和配料做法(动词过去分词) + 主料(名称/形状)+ 配料如:豌豆辣牛肉Sautéed Spicy Beef and Green Peas3. 菜肴的做法、主料和汤汁做法(动词过去分词) + 主料(名称/形状)+ with / in + 汤汁如:川北凉粉Tossed Clear Noodles with Chili Sauce以形状、口感为主,原料为辅的翻译原则1. 菜肴形状或口感以及主配料形状/口感+ 主料如:玉兔馒头Rabbit-Shaped Mantou2. 菜肴的做法、形状或口感、做法以及主配料做法(动词过去分词)+ 形状/口感+ 主料+ 配料如:小炒黑山羊Sautéed Sliced Lamb with Pepper and Parsley以人名、地名为主,原料为辅的翻译原则1. 菜肴的创始人(发源地)和主料人名(地名)+ 主料如:麻婆豆腐Mapo Tofu (Sautéed Tofu in Hot and Spicy Sauce) 2. 介绍菜肴的创始人(发源地)、主配料及做法做法(动词过去式)+ 主辅料+ 人名/地名+ Style 如:四川辣子鸡Spicy Chicken, Sichuan Style体现中国餐饮文化,使用汉语拼音命名或音译的翻译原则1. 具有中国特色且被外国人接受的传统食品,本着推广汉语及中国餐饮文化的原则,使用汉语拼音。
中国美食英汉翻译 ppt课件(1)
毛血旺
Kung Pao Chicken 宫保鸡丁
Guangdong cuisine 粤菜
Wax Gourd Soup 冬瓜盅
illustrating 龙虎斗
Crispy suckling pig
脆皮乳猪
Jiangsu cuisine 苏菜/淮扬菜
Yangzhou Fried Rice
扬州炒饭
Meatball 狮子头
中国地域辽阔,民族众多,因此各种中 国饮食口味不同,却都味美,令人垂涎。因为 中国地方菜肴各具特色,总体来讲,中国饮食 可以大致分为八大地方菜系,这种分类已被广 为接受。当然,还有其他很多著名的地方菜系, 例如北京菜和上海菜。
中国饮食文化的特点
•
China is a
civilization is Chinese
Taiwanese taro rice
Eight Regional Cuisines in China
中国八大菜系
鲁菜 Shandong
Cuisine
苏菜 Jiangsu Cuisine
湘菜 Hunan cuisine
川菜 Sichuan Cuisine
Eight Cuisines
徽菜 Anhui Cuisine
粤菜 Cantonese
年节、饮食文化翻译
年节、饮食文化翻译
不同文化的不同国家都有自己的节日、 节日习俗以及反映这些习俗的词语。在翻译 时,如果原文涉及到这方面的知识,译者在 这方面的知识准备不够,翻译时会遇到困难, 而导致译文不知所云。
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5)“典故型”。译法为“直(意)译+解释性 翻译”。中国菜名多同中华民族的历史、传统 和风俗相联系。例如:传说让皇帝病愈康复的 安徽名点:“大救驾”;反映妻子对丈夫一片 体贴之情的“过桥米线”:以蟹黄和燕窝象征 楚汉相争的“鸿门宴”等。最好能给这类菜式 撒点“文化作料”。在英译名之外简短地补充 说明。最大程度上保留具有中国文化特色的典 故。提起客人的食欲与兴趣,无形中加深其对 中国饮食文化的理解。
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3)“半‘写实’半‘写意’型”。翻译出主料 和大体上的加工方式。例如: 芙蓉鸡丁 Chicken Cubes with Egg White 4)“地方风味型”,如:“北京鸭”,译法为 “菜名前加地名”或在“菜名后加……style” 北京鸭 Peking Duck 成都子鸡 Stir-fried chicken,Chengdu style
2
May Flower roast turkey pumpkin pie
All Saints’ Day trick-or-treat Jack’s lantern
3
16th-century 1582
Thanksgiving Day is closely connected with the earliest history of the United States. In 1620, the settlers sailed to America on the May flower, seeking a place where they could have freedom of religion. During their first winter, over half of the settlers died of starvation or illness. Those who survived began sowing in the first spring. All summer long they waited for the harvests with great anxiety, knowing that their lives and the future depended on the coming harvest. Finally the fields produced a big harvest. And therefore it was decided that a day of thanksgiving to the God be fixed. Years later, President of the United States proclaimed the fourth Thursday of November as Thanksgiving Day every year. The pattern of the Thanksgiving celebration has never changed through the years. The big family dinner is planned months ahead. On the dinner table, the best and most attractive food are roast turkey and pumpkin pie.
中国传统饮食文化英文版
HappyBaby
陈梦珠
PPT demonstration
Poster
Content
• Happy • baby
1.Group introduction
•2.Topic introduction
3.conclusion
Topic introduce
The traditional staple food. The traditional festival food Eight regional cuisines Table manners
On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, the Dragon Boat Festival, zongzi, or glutinous rice cake wrapped in reed leaf is the festivity food. The Dragon Boat Festival has had more than 2,000 years of history in China.
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事实上,中国北方人常说,广东人 吃天上飞的,除了飞机;地上爬的,除 了火车;水里游的,除了船儿。
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• ZheJiang Cuisine 浙江菜系
Comprising local cuisines of Hangzhou, Ningbo and Shaoxing, Zhejiang Cuisine, not greasy, wins its reputation for
freshness, tenderness, softness, smoothness of its
dishes with mellow fragrance. Hangzhou
中国美食(英汉翻译)
food characteristics, is
also a long position of
diet culture. I exist in the
world, to eat and to drink
more than 20 years, has
experience aware,
induces the following
中国地域辽阔,民族众多,因此各种中 国饮食口味不同,却都味美,令人垂涎。因为 中国地方菜肴各具特色,总体来讲,中国饮食 可以大致分为八大地方菜系,这种分类已被广 为接受。当然,还有其他很多著名的地方菜系, 例如北京菜和上海菜。
中国饮食文化vilization is Chinese
中国美食(英汉 翻译)
China covers a large territory and has many nationalities, hence a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor. Since China's local dishes have their own typical characteristics, generally, Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines, which has been widely accepted around. Certainly, there are many other local cuisines that are famous, such as Beijing Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine.
最新中国饮食文化中英文
China covers a large territory and has many nationalities, hence a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor. 中国地域辽阔,民族众多,因此各种中国饮食口味不同,却都味美,令人垂涎 Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines : 中国饮食可以大致分为八大地方菜系 : Shandon g Cuisine 山东菜系 Jiangsu Cuisine 江苏菜系 Sichuan Cuisine 四川菜系 ZheJiang Cuisine 浙江菜系 Cantonese food 广东菜系 Hunan cuisine 湖南菜系 Fujian Cuisine 福建菜系 Anhui Cuisine 安徽菜系
Festival eating habit
Since ancient times, all Chinese ethnic groups like to combine food with festivals, and are very particular about what to eat in the festival. During the festivals, they organized appropriate eating activities to strengthen kinship ties, showed their best wishes and pursuit of hope, and commemorate the ancestors.
From the History, China's food culture stretching more than 170 million years, is divided into raw food, cooked food, natural cooking, science and cooking four stages of development, introduction of more than 60,000 kinds of traditional dishes point, more than 20,000 kinds of industrial food, access to "Cooking kingdom" in the world. 从历史、中国食品文化延伸超过1.7亿 年,分为生食、熟食、自然烹饪、科学 烹饪4个发展阶段,推出60000多种传统 菜肴,20000多种工业食物,获得“烹饪 王国”。
英语翻译话题词汇:历史文化类(二)
历史文化类(二)1. 中国传统节日中国传统节日traditional Chinese festival ★★★过节celebrate a festival ★★☆放假have a holiday / vacation ★★☆文化积淀cultural accumulation ★★☆文化凝聚cultural cohesion ★★☆记录社会文化生活record the moments of social and cultural life ★★☆节气solar term ★★☆季节变迁seasonal change / transition ★★☆公历历法solar calendar ★★☆地球绕太阳公转的周期period of the Earth’s revolution around the Sun ★☆☆农历历法lunar calendar ★★☆月球绕地球公转的周期period of the Moon’s revolution around the Earth ★☆☆农业生产agricultural product ion ★★☆科学指导scientific guidance / instruction ★★☆日常社会生活everyday social life ★★☆祭祀活动ritual / sacrificial activity ★★☆庆祝活动celebratory activity; celebration ★★☆春节the Spring Festival ★★★元宵节the (Spring) Lantern Festival ★★★清明节the Qingming Festival; Tomb-Sweeping Day ★★★端午节the Dragon Boat Festival ★★★七夕节the Qixi Festival; the Double Seventh Festival; the Chinese Valentine’s Day ★★★ 中秋节the Mid-Autumn Festival ★★★重阳节the Double Ninth Festival ★★★农历几月几日fall on the+序数词+day of the+序数词+luna r month ★★★追溯到date back to; be traced back to ★★★有……年历史have a history of XX years ★★★传说……According to legend, … / Legend has it that… ★★★为了庆祝in celebration of ★★★为了纪念in honour / memory of ★★★风俗习惯social customs and habits ★★★中国农历新年Chinese lunar new year ★★★腊月the twelfth month of the lunar year ★★☆正月the first month of the lunar year ★★☆迎接新年的到来welcome the arrival of the new year ★★☆除尘clean the house ★★☆沐浴更衣take a bath and put on clean clothes ★★☆理发have a haircut ★★☆祛除晦气和霉运get rid of one’s bad luck / ill-fortune ★★☆置办年货purchase necessities for the new year ★★☆招待亲朋好友entertain relatives and friends ★★☆烘托节日的气氛add an air of festivity ★★☆大年三十Chinese New Year’s Eve ★★★贴春联paste Spring Festival couplets ★★☆贴“福”字paste the Chinese character “Fu” ★★☆贴窗花paste window paper-cuts ★★☆吃团圆年夜饭have New Year Eve reunion dinner ★★☆看春晚watch the Spring Festival Gala ★★☆燃放烟花爆竹set off fireworks and firecrackers ★★☆辞旧迎新ring out the Old Year; ring in the New Ye ar ★★☆正月初一the first day of the lunar new year ★★★穿上新衣新鞋put on new clothes and shoes ★★☆祈求新的开始pray for a new beginning in life ★★☆新年贺礼New Year gifts / presents ★★☆走亲访友visit / call on relatives and friends ★★☆给……拜年give sb. New Year greetings ★★☆红包red packet / envelope ★★★压岁钱money given to children as a New Year gift ★★☆好运good luck / fortune ★★★长寿longevity ★★★ 幸福happiness ★★★喜庆场合festive occasion ★★☆灯会lantern show / exhibition ★★☆赏花灯appreciate colourful lanterns ★★☆猜灯谜guess lantern riddles ★★☆观看舞龙舞狮表演watch the dragon-lion dance performances ★★☆悠久历史文化time-honoured history and culture ★★★精神文化遗产spiritual and cultural heritage ★★☆全球化飞速发展的今天in this rapidly globalizing world ★★☆西方文化思想Western cultures and thoughts ★★☆过洋节celebrate the Western festivals ★★☆传统节日的传承inheritance of traditional festivals ★★☆弘扬中国传统文化carry forward traditional Chinese culture ★★☆传承中华传统美德inherit the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation ★★☆ 增强民族凝聚力e nhance / strengthen national cohesion ★★☆2. 中国饮食文化饮食文化food culture ★★★春卷Chinese spring roll ★☆☆汤圆tangyuan (sweet rice dumpling) ★☆☆青团qingtuan (sweet green rice ball) ★☆☆粽子zongzi (Chinese rice-pudding) ★★★月饼mooncake ★★★重阳糕Double-Ninth cake ★☆☆饮食习惯eating / dietary habits ★★★主食staple food ★★☆大米/水稻rice ★★★馒头steamed bun ★★★面条noodles ★★★农作物crop ★★★小麦wheat ★★★副食non-staple / subsidiary food ★★☆鸡肉chicken ★★★鸭肉duck ★★★鱼肉fish ★★★水果fruit ★★★蔬菜vegetable ★★★维持均衡的膳食maintain a well-balanced diet ★★☆摄取所需的营养obtain adequate nourishment ★★☆确保健康secure physical health ★★☆避免疾病avoid / prevent diseases ★★☆传统待客之道traditional hospitality ★★★菜品种类丰富a rich / wide variety of dishes ★★☆宴席feast / banquet ★★★凉菜cold dish ★★★开胃菜appetizer ★★☆味蕾taste bud ★★☆主菜main course ★★★热菜hot dish ★★★肉类meat ★★★家禽poultry ★★★海鲜seafood ★★★时蔬seasonal vegetable ★★★甜点dessert ★★★清淡食物light food ★★☆解油腻get rid of the greasy feeling after eating fatty / oily food ★☆☆ 助消化help / facilitate digestion ★★☆食材ingredient ★★☆烹饪风格cooking style ★★★菜系cuisine ★★★家乡菜hometown dish ★★☆八大菜系China’s 8 major regional cuisines ★★☆川菜Sichuan cuisine ★★☆鲁菜Sh andong cuisine ★★☆粤菜Cantonese cuisine ★★☆苏菜Jiangsu cuisine ★★☆浙菜Zhejiang cuisine ★★☆闽菜Fujian cuisine ★★☆湘菜Hunan cuisine ★★☆徽菜Anhui cuisine ★★☆特色菜speciality ★★☆色、香、味俱全a perfect combination of appearance, aroma and flavour ★★☆ 酸sour ★★☆甜sweet ★★☆苦bitter ★★☆辣spicy ★★☆咸salty ★★☆大厨chef ★★☆佐料seasoning ★★☆柴firewood ★★☆米rice ★★☆油cooking oil ★★☆盐salt ★★☆酱sauce ★★☆醋vinegar ★★☆茶tea ★★☆神农氏Shennong ★☆☆尝百草taste hundreds of herbs ★☆☆解毒clear away toxic materials; get rid of the poisoning effect ★☆☆茶馆teahouse ★★☆茶树tea tree ★★☆种植在山上plant on hills ★★☆茶叶的质量quality of tea leaves ★★☆得名于get name because… ★★☆浓郁strong ★★☆持久long-lasting ★★☆清淡faint ★★☆香甜sweet ★★☆唇齿留香f eel the flavour in mouth / on lips for a long time ★★☆修身养性cultivate moral characters ★★☆陶冶情操cultivate sentiments ★★☆去除杂念remove distracting thoughts ★★☆【补充词汇】1. 二十四节气立春spring begins ★☆☆雨水more rain than snow ★☆☆惊蛰hibernating insects awake n ★☆☆春分spring center ★☆☆清明clear and bright ★☆☆谷雨wheat rain ★☆☆立夏summer begins ★☆☆小满creatures plentish ★☆☆芒种seeding millet ★☆☆夏至summer maximum (solstice) ★☆☆小暑a bit sweltering ★☆☆大暑most sweltering ★☆☆立秋autumn begins ★☆☆处暑heat withdraws ★☆☆白露dews ★☆☆秋分autumn center ★☆☆寒露cold dews ★☆☆霜降frost ★☆☆立冬winter begins ★☆☆小雪snows a bit ★☆☆大雪snows a lot ★☆☆冬至winter maximum ★☆☆小寒a bit frigid ★☆☆大寒most frigid ★☆☆2. 中国传统节日黄金周golden week ★★★国家法定假日official national holiday ★★★烧香burning incense ★☆☆纸钱joss paper ★☆☆祭祖宗offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors ★★☆ 孔明灯Kongming lantern ★☆☆子孙后代offspring ★★☆纪念碑memorial tablet ★☆☆悼文memorial essay ★☆☆网上祭扫online tomb-sweeping ★★☆扫墓sweep tombs ★★☆扫墓者tomb sweeper ★★☆踏青spring outing ★★☆绿柳green willow ★★☆伟大的爱国诗人great patriotic poet ★★☆楚国the state of Chu ★★☆爱国主义patriotism ★★☆奉献精神dedication ★★☆不朽的著作immortal masterpiece ★★☆赛龙舟dragon-boat racing ★★★带香囊wear perfu med medicine bags ★☆☆鹊桥the bridge of magpies ★☆☆王母娘娘Goddess of Heaven ★☆☆银河the Milky Way ★★☆庆祝丰收celebrate harvest ★★☆拜月worship the moon ★★☆赏月enjoy the moon’s beauty; appreciate the full moon ★★☆合家团聚family reunion ★★★嫦娥奔月Chang’e Flying to the Moon ★☆☆登高/爬山mountain climbing ★★☆去除厄运dispel bad luck ★★☆去除恶灵dispel evil spirits ★★☆带来好运bring good fortune ★★★尊敬老人show respect for elders ★★★3. 中国饮食文化谷物grain ★★★面粉flour ★★☆面包bread ★★★糕点pastry ★★☆小吃snack ★★★菜谱recipe ★★☆菜单menu ★★★全鱼the whole fish ★★★汤soup ★★★美食家gourmet ★★☆餐具tableware ★★☆菜肴的装盘和摆放the layout and design of the dishes ★★☆ 佐料的搭配the blending of seasoning ★★☆调味的艺术the art of proper seasoning ★★☆烹饪艺术culinary art ★★☆煮boil ★★☆清蒸steam ★★☆ 清炒plain-fry ★☆☆油炸deep-fry ★☆☆ 烘培roast ★★☆刀工slicing technique ★☆☆烹饪餐具cooking utensil ★★☆饮料beverage ★★☆茶具tea set ★★☆茶壶teapot ★★☆茶杯teacup ★★☆茶托saucer ★★☆紫砂purple sand ★☆☆陶器pottery ★★☆瓷器porcelain ★★☆茶道tea ce remony ★☆☆食疗Chinese food therapy ★★☆食补保健maintain good health through the intake of nourishing food ★★☆4. 其它文化类词汇文化多样性cultural diversity ★★★多元文化社会multicultural society ★★★跨文化交流cross-cultural communication ★★★文化交流与合作cultural exchange and cooperation ★★★文化繁荣cultural prosperity ★★★东方文化Eastern / Oriental culture ★★★民俗文化folk culture ★★☆传统意识形态traditional ideology ★★☆丰富文化生活enrich cultural life ★★☆中国结Chinese knot ★★☆手工艺handicrafts ★★☆手工艺人handicraftsman ★★☆祈求好运pray for good luck ★★☆辟邪ward off evil spirits ★★☆中医traditional Chinese medicine ★★★针灸acupuncture ★☆☆穴位acupuncture point ★☆☆推拿medical massage ★☆☆拔火罐疗法cupping therapy ★☆☆理疗physical therapy ★☆☆医疗保健health care ★★★心heart ★★☆肝liver ★★☆脾spleen ★★☆胃stomach ★★☆肺lung ★★☆肾kidney ★★☆中草药Chinese herbal medicine ★★☆副作用side effect ★★☆切脉feel the pulse ★☆☆偏方folk prescription ★☆☆秘方secret prescription ★☆☆传统中国画traditional Chinese painting ★★★饮茶下棋drink tea and play chess ★★☆耕耘收割plough and harvest ★★☆织布缝衣weave and sew ★★☆砍柴采药cut firewood and gather herbs ★★☆吟诗作画compose poems and draw pictures ★★☆中国书画Chinese painting and calligraphy ★★★山水画Chinese landscape painting ★☆☆水墨画Chines e ink and wash painting ★☆☆汉字Chinese character ★★★文房四宝the four treasures of the Chinese study ★★☆ 笔墨纸砚brush, ink, paper and ink stone ★★☆中国传统体育运动traditional Chinese sports ★★★功夫/武术kung fu; Chinese martial arts ★★★自卫self-defence ★★☆国宝nation al treasure ★★☆太极拳Tai Chi; shadow boxing ★★★中国传统服饰traditional Chinese costume ★★★民族服饰national costume ★★★宽松长袍loose robe ★★☆女性美women’s beauty ★★☆时装秀fashion show ★★☆社交聚会social gathering ★★☆中国民乐Chinese folk music ★★☆乐器musical instrument ★★☆中国传统戏曲traditional Chinese opera ★★☆中国生肖Chinese zodiac ★★☆。
中国饮食文化和翻译 Chinese Diet Culture and Translation
第一节 我国饮食结构及调制法
Nutrition of Chinese diet 扁鹊------安身之本,必资于食。救疾之
速,必凭于药。
Food is the essential supply for one’s health while medicine serves as a rapid solution to one’s sickness.
第二节 中国驰名菜系
我国e 鲁菜——Shandong Style 闽菜——Fujian Style 苏菜——Jiangsu Style 徽菜——Anhui Style 湘菜——Hunan Style 川菜——Sichuan Style 粤菜——Cantonese Style
第一节 我国饮食结构及调制法
常用食用菜肴的制作方法: 1、制作精细。讲究刀工 用到的方法和技巧主要有: 切、削——cutting 去皮——skinning/peeling 切片——slicing 刮鳞——scaling 切丝——shredding 剁末——mashing 切碎——mincing‘ 刻、雕——carving 切丁——dicing 酿——stuffing 切柳——filleting 腌——pickling/salting 去骨——boning 浸、泡——marinating 去壳——shelling
红烧青鱼 stewed black carp with brown sauce
第三节 中式菜肴的翻译法
3、烹调法+主料名+with/in+配料名
冬笋炒鱿鱼 fried squid with fresh bamboo shoots 炖栗子鸡 stewed chicken with chestnuts 咖喱牛肉 fried beef with curry 荷叶粉蒸鸡 steamed chicken in lotus leaf packets 冬菇菜心 fried winter mushrooms with green cabbage
中国饮食文化与翻译
L/O/G/O
2010.12.6
1.
Importance of Diet in Chinese culture
亚当和夏娃
美国人吃牡蛎不吃蜗牛,法国 人吃蜗牛不吃蝗虫,非洲的祖鲁人 吃蝗虫不吃鱼,他们都有所不吃, 而中国人是全世界最大的吃家,什 么都吃。 -------伊安罗伯逊
When frying, proper fire and seasonings are two key elements for cooks to produce certain flavors.
2.3. nutrition of Chinese diet
神农氏 扁鹊------安身之本,必资于食。救疾之速, 必凭于药。 Food is the essential supply for one’s health while medicine serves as a rapid solution to one’s sickness.
Sichuan Style It emphasizes on the quality of cooking materials and seasonings, especially chili and pepper, and is characterized by the thick spicy taste.
4. Major Styles of Chinese Diet
Beijing Style Shandong Style Fujian Style Jiangzhe Style Huaiyang Style Hunan Style Sichuan Style Cantonese Style
中国美食(英汉翻译)
characteristics will now
diet culture
中国饮食特点中国是 文明是国,亦是悠久饮食文 化之境地。吾存于世,吃喝 二十余年,有所心得有所感 悟,现将饮食文化归纳出以 下几个特点
Second, the four seasons. All the year round, according to season and eat, is another big features of Chinese cuisine. Since the ancient times, our country has been according to season changes to taste, dishes, green in winter, summer light cool; More youdun braised heat in winter, summer cold freezing.
There are so many traditional and special Chinese foods, according to the folk culture, district, religion, and festival. For the famous classes divided by district, there are style of Guangdong, Beijing, Shanghai, Sichuan, North-West, and so on…or by folk, there are kajia, Yunan, Fujian, etc. These all above mentioned styles are well-known in the worldwide. Here, introduce some special dishes, perhaps you have had it, or you have never heard :(因民族、地域、信仰、节日等的不同,中国传统饮食丰富多 彩。从地域划分上看,有粤菜、北京菜、上海菜、川菜、东北菜等,从人 群上看,有客家菜,福建菜(闽南菜)等,这些都享誉世界
中国食物翻译(Chinesefoodtranslation)
中国食物翻译(Chinesefoodtranslation)一、美食文化的桥梁:中国食物翻译的重要性中华美食文化博大精深,独具魅力。
在全球化的今天,越来越多的外国友人渴望了解和品尝中国美食。
然而,美食的传播离不开精准的翻译。
中国食物翻译不仅是一种语言转换,更是沟通中外文化的桥梁,让世界各地的人们都能感受到中华美食的魅力。
二、常见中国美食翻译实例1. 传统小吃炸酱面:Fried Sauce Noodles豆腐脑:Tofu Pudding糖葫芦:Candied Haws2. 主食类饺子:Dumplings米饭:Rice馒头:Steamed Buns3. 菜肴类宫保鸡丁:Kung Pao Chicken红烧肉:Braised Pork Belly麻婆豆腐:Mapo Tofu三、中国食物翻译技巧与注意事项1. 注重文化差异:在翻译过程中,要充分考虑中外文化差异,尽量找到合适的对应词汇,避免直译导致的误解。
2. 保留特色词汇:对于一些具有中国特色的食物,如“月饼”、“粽子”等,可以保留原名,并在翻译时加以解释。
3. 生动形象:在翻译美食时,尽量使用生动、形象的词汇,让读者产生食欲。
4. 精准表达:注意食材、烹饪方法和口味的准确表达,避免歧义。
四、提升中国食物翻译水平的建议1. 深入了解中华美食文化:翻译者应具备一定的中华美食文化底蕴,才能更好地传递美食的魅力。
2. 学习烹饪术语:掌握一定的烹饪术语,有助于提高翻译的准确性。
3. 多实践、多交流:在实际翻译过程中,不断积累经验,与同行交流,提高翻译水平。
4. 关注行业动态:关注美食行业的发展,了解新兴美食及流行趋势,为翻译工作提供有力支持。
五、中国食物翻译中的挑战与对策1. 地域性差异带来的挑战对策:研究不同地区的饮食特点,了解地方特色美食的背景,以便在翻译时准确传达其独特性。
2. 食材名称的多变对策:积累丰富的食材词汇,对于一些特殊的食材,可以附上拉丁学名或英文名称,以便于读者理解。
中国饮食文化中英文
Exquisite cooking skills
Knife craftsmanship
Chinese chefs are skilled at using various knife techniques to cut ingredients into different shapes and sizes, in order to enhance the beauty and taste of dishes.
02
Characteristics of Chinese Food Culture
Diversity of cuisine
Eight cuisines
Local snacks
The eight most famous cuisines in Chinese food culture, including Sichuan cuisine, Shandong cuisine, Guangdong cuisine, Jiangsu cuisine, Zhejiang cuisine, Fujian cuisine, Hunan cuisine and Anhui Cuisine cuisine, have their own characteristics and flavors.
中国饮食文化中英文
汇报人:XX
2024-01-24
• introduction • Characteristics of Chinese Food Culture • Comparison of Chinese and Western Food
Cultures • The Influence of Chinese Food Culture on
VS
中国饮食文化 英语作文
中国饮食文化英语作文Chinese food culture is incredibly diverse and rich in history. From the spicy flavors of Sichuan cuisine to the delicate dim sum of Cantonese cooking, there is somethingfor everyone to enjoy. The use of fresh ingredients and a balance of flavors are key elements in Chinese cooking, making it a truly unique and delicious experience.One of the most important aspects of Chinese foodculture is the concept of balance. This can be seen in the way that dishes often incorporate a combination of flavors such as sweet and sour, or salty and spicy. This balance is not only important for the taste of the food, but also for the overall health benefits that Chinese cuisine is known for.In addition to balance, Chinese food culture alsoplaces a strong emphasis on the importance of communal dining. Many dishes are designed to be shared among a group, encouraging a sense of togetherness and community. Thiscommunal aspect of Chinese dining is a reflection of the value that Chinese culture places on family and relationships.Another unique aspect of Chinese food culture is the use of traditional cooking techniques such as stir-frying, steaming, and braising. These methods have been passed down through generations and are still widely used today. They not only contribute to the distinct flavors of Chinese cuisine, but also reflect the deep-rooted traditions and history of the culture.Finally, Chinese food culture is also closely tied to the concept of food as medicine. Many traditional Chinese ingredients are believed to have healing properties and are used in dishes to promote health and well-being. This holistic approach to food and health is an integral part of Chinese culture and is something that sets it apart from other culinary traditions.In conclusion, Chinese food culture is a vibrant and diverse part of Chinese society. From the emphasis onbalance and communal dining to the use of traditional cooking techniques and the belief in food as medicine, there is much to be appreciated and enjoyed in Chinese cuisine. It is truly a reflection of the rich history and values of Chinese culture.。
中国饮食文化英文介绍
Chinese Food Culture1.Characteristics of cuisines in southern part of ChinaChinese cuisine has a number of different genres, but the most influential and typical known by the public are the 'Eight Cuisines'. These are as follows: Shandong Cuisine, Guangdong Cuisine, Sichuan Cuisine, Hunan Cuisine, Jiangsu Cuisine, Zhejiang Cuisine, Fujian Cuisine and Anhui Cuisine.We have roughly separated Chinese cuisine into two genres. They are Cuisines of the north part and the southern part. Cuisines of the southern part of China are really featured. They have various differences with northern cuisine.Firstly, abundant rain drops and sunlight in South China provide favorable conditions for the growth of millet and rice. Compared with people in North China who have to spend much time in cold weather, people in South China are less preferable to meat diet, which contains lots of fat and protein. Southern Chinese prefer plant diet quite a lot. Many people are accustomed to drink soup both before and after the meal. Guangdong Soup(老火靓汤)Secondly, South China is one of the most developed areas in China. It welcomes people from the entire world. As a result, Southern Cuisine, especially Guangdong Cuisine, emphasizes a flavor which is clear but not light, refreshing but not common, tender but not crude.Thirdly,People in South China tend to be more careful and sensitive than northern people. As a result, their dishes as well as appearance are really cute and attractive. Just like dim sum(点心), which means “touch the heart”, is one of the most famous Cantonese meal. It consists of a variety of delicacies and is usually served for breakfast or dinner.Spicy-hot Fish麻辣鱼Mapo Tofu (Stir-Fried Tofu in Hot Sauce)麻婆豆腐Pork Rips排骨)Penaeus orientalis对虾2.Characteristics of cuisines in northern part of ChinaCuisines of the north part of China have several characteristics.people in the north tend to eat cooked wheaten food. Or in other words, people eat more food made of flour. This is because the climate here is temperate continental climate, which means there are less rain drops and sunlight. And this climate provides favorable conditions for the growth of wheat.First,When it comes to cooked wheaten food, there is a place many people are familiar with. That is Shanxi(山西). As the saying goes, “east or west, Shanxi cooked wheaten food is best”. Shanxi is famous for its diverse and delicious cooked wheaten food. With a history of 2000years, Shanxi cooked wheaten food is gaining more and more popularity at home and even abroad.Cooked wheaten food in Shanxi,there are round 280 kinds of cooked wheaten food, among which the sliced noodles is the most renowned one.Apart from the sliced noodles刀削面, boiled food also includes hand-pulled noodles拉面, He lao饸饹)Tijian,剔尖Maoerduo猫耳朵, Jiupian(揪片) ,which are all delicious and tasty.As for the cooked food, it includes fried cake(炸糕)、Yi wo su(一窝酥)、fried dough twist (麻花),Shuai bing(甩饼) and so on.Other steamed wheaten food includes steamed bun、You mian kao lao(莜面栲栳)、Gao liang mian yu(高粱面鱼).Second, food in the north is often more salty and greasy than that in the south.Because people like to add more ingredient to dishes even the soup.Shandong cuisine and Beijing cuisines are two famous cuisines of the eight cuisines in china. And they are also representatives of the northern cuisines. Beijing cuisine is famous for its Beijing roast duck and instant-boiled mutton. Shandong food is always pure, fresh, tender, salty and crisp.Chinese people pay much attention to eating, not just to fulfill our basic needs, but deep within, it contains the measures Chinese people take to understand things. For example, when a child was born, relatives and friends would eat eggs painted in red color to celebrate. Eggs symbolize new lives, eating red eggs embodies the high expectations of the Chinese to carry on the family line. We have feasts in the weddings; we celebrate our birthdays with gatherings and delicious food; we gather with our friends or families to eat, which is a good way to enhance our intimacy.People gathering to celebrate with big feastsIn sum, Chinese food culture has gained much popularity throughout the world, and in the modern era, the popularity still thrives. Food culture, which has great influence to Chinese people’s personalities, has already become one of the fine traditional cultures in China. With the enhancement of the globalization, Chinese food culture would become better known across the world.。
关于中国饮食文化的片段英语50词左右作文
关于中国饮食文化的片段英语50词左右作文English:Chinese cuisine is known for its diversity and rich flavors, with a long history of culinary traditions. Chinese people believe in the concept of harmony and balance in food, incorporating a variety of ingredients such as meat, vegetables, and grains to create well-rounded meals. Many popular dishes like Kung Pao chicken, dumplings, and Peking duck have gained international recognition for their unique taste and presentation. In addition, Chinese dining etiquette plays a significant role in the culture, with practices such as using chopsticks, sharing dishes, and serving tea as a sign of respect and hospitality.中文翻译:中国饮食以其多样性和丰富的口味而闻名,具有悠久的烹饪传统。
中国人相信食物的和谐和平衡概念,融合了肉类、蔬菜和谷物等各种食材,创造出均衡的饮食。
许多知名的菜肴,如宫保鸡丁、饺子和北京烤鸭因其独特的口味和精美的呈现方式而获得国际认可。
此外,中国的餐桌礼仪在文化中也扮演着重要角色,如使用筷子、共享菜肴和倒茶等做法,被视为尊重和热情款待的象征。
中国饮食文化__
Cattail in milky soup奶汤蒲菜
奶汤蒲菜
Szechuan cuisine
It has bold flavours, particularly the pungency and spiciness resulting from liberal use of garlic and chili, as well as the unique flavour of the Sichuan pepper. (花椒)Peanuts, sesame paste (芝麻酱), and ginger(生姜) are also prominent ingredients in Szechuan cooking.[ Use of hot and numbing flavor (麻辣味 型) is a typical element of Sichuan cooking.
川菜
粤菜
闽菜
苏菜
浙菜
湘菜
徽菜
Lu cuisine
consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, characterized by its emphasis on aroma 香, freshness 新, crispness 脆 and tenderness 嫩. tasting pungent with shallot and garlic soups are given much emphasis in Shandong dishes. Jiaodong: cooking seafood with fresh and light taste.
What do you know about Chinese cuisine ?
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浅谈中国饮食文化翻译
摘要:本文以饮食文化翻译的本质为基础,总结在饮食文化翻译中常见的问题,并结合跨文化交际和翻译实践, 从几个不同的角度探讨了饮食文化的翻译方法和技巧, 对翻译教学和研究中国饮食文化的翻译有一定的价值和意义。
关键词:饮食文化翻译
一、中国饮食文化与翻译
中华民族的饮食文化历来以历史悠久、特征鲜明、百味百格而著称于世,随着中国对外开放与交流的加强,中华民族的饮食文化也逐步走出国门,吸引了越来越多的外国朋友的关注并得到他们的青睐。
饮食文化是民族文化的一种,因而对于饮食文化的翻译应该置于文化交流的背景之下,也就是说,通过翻译,传递出中国饮食文化的内涵以及博大精深,而不应该仅仅是语言的转换。
目前,在翻译界对于文化的研究与实践大多是在宏观的领域内进行,很少有人专门进行某一分支的研讨。
以饮食文化为例,通过翻译可以让更多的外国人了解中国饮食文化,进而深入了解中国的传统文化。
据悉,北京为了迎接2008奥运,针对菜单翻译问题,向社会各界征集对《中文菜单英文译法》的意见,,收录了2700多条菜单及酒水的英文,另外,还专门组织了专家研究讨论有关菜名的翻译,旨在让国外旅客更方便地了解中国饮食文化。
那么,翻译作为跨文化传通,如何才能发挥其本质价值,让世界人民都认识中华饮食文化,是值得探讨的一个重要问题。
二、中国饮食文化翻译中存在的问题
(一)语义模糊
因为中式菜肴本身蕴含的浓重的文化气息,导致在翻译的过程中译者往往拘泥于字面意思,而没有深入考虑到文化的传达,从而翻译后的菜名意思僵硬,甚至不知所云。
比如“水煮鳝片”翻译成”the water boils the shan slice”,如此按字面来翻译成的英文实在令人啼笑皆非。
还有把”麻婆豆腐”翻译成”满脸雀斑的女人制作的豆腐”,”红烧狮子头”翻译成”烧红了的狮子头”,”四喜丸子”翻译成”四个高兴的肉团”,看了都会叫人跑掉。
因此,对于菜名的翻译,译者切忌没理解清楚其真正的含义而直接用字对字的方法来译。
这些翻译或是有明显的语法错误,或是严重歪曲原名的意思,使外国人读后感到一头雾水,这不能达到通过翻译进行交流的目的。
(二)表达不一
在中国饮食文化翻译中,往往会看到一些用词不一致的现象。
由于不同的英语单词,它所指代的事物,表达的意思都是有所差别的。
这个问题主要出现在对点心类的翻译上。
如:把”馒头”译成:steamed bread,steamed bun;把”汤圆”译成:pudding,dumpling,ball;把”粥”译成:gruel,soft rice,porridge 。
一个食品竟然派生出好几样不同的东西来,确实让人费解。
因此,翻译此类食品时,译者一定要理解清楚各种食品的性质特点,找准相关的词来翻译,不能张冠李戴,更不能顺手牵羊,东拉西扯一个词来凑合,
此做法是对文化极大的不尊重。
对此,尽管译者可以采用多种方法进行翻译,因为翻译方法是灵活的,但应尽可能地保持原文化的意义与内涵。
(三)不够准确
由于文化上的差异,在饮食翻译上,我们不难发现,有不少中国特有的东西是不能在英语字典里找到相关的词来表示的。
另外,有些食品,我们可以用英语表达出其基本意思--一个笼统的意思,而不能道出其细节。
如:中国菜当中,有很多是以”肉丸”为主材料而做成的。
可是一个”丸”字,都用”meat ball”来译的话,笔者认为十分不准确。
难道外国人天生来就会知道中国制作”meat ball”里头究竟是猪肉,牛肉,鸡肉还是鱼肉?而且,这种笼统的翻译,往往会失掉地方饮食文化的特殊性--文化身份。
三、中国饮食文化翻译的方法和技巧
从翻译的内容和本质来看,笔者认为与文艺性的翻译相比,饮食文化的翻译更多的属于科学翻译,因为它是以传达实用信息为主的翻译活动,以求信息量相似的思维活动和语际活动。
而且,饮食文化翻译有很明显的”准确性,有效性,程式化”等科学翻译的特征。
至于怎样译,就要由译者面对文本,综合各种因素做出最后决定,基于此特征与目的,笔者对饮食文化翻译的方法归纳如下:
(一)直译法
用直译法来突出菜肴的原材料以及烹调方式。
对于中外两国都有的食物或食品,就用现有相应的词或表达来翻译。
如各种蔬菜、水
果、肉类等名称可从字典中找到相应的词来翻译。
如果是一些外国有而本国没有的食物,我们也可以找出相应的英语单词来翻译。
可是对于一些本国有而外国没有的食物,如果外国人有现成的说法,翻译时就可直接采用。
比如红烧全鱼可以直译成fish with brown sauce,清蒸甲鱼可以翻译成steamed turtle 等。
这是因为这样的翻译方法可以让海外食客通过菜名来了解中国的饮食文化,了解他们在日常生活中从未接触到的饮食原料以及独特的烹调方式。
(二)注释法
饮食翻译中也存在这样的问题,在菜名食品名的翻译中普遍存在着语义不对等。
例如,”火锅”这道菜就很难给出精确的菜名译文。
中国人一讲到”火锅”便会联想到炉子上放着热气腾腾的锅子,里面是以辣味为主的各种调料制成的沸腾的汤,食客们将各种蔬菜和切成薄片的各种肉片涮进锅内,即刻便食。
但是英文词典中对”火锅”的翻译为chafing dish,意思是”a container with a heater underneath,used for cooking or keeping food warm,esp.at the table”显然,该译文没有完整呈现我国火锅的特点。
因此,翻译时,笔者认为应该采用注释法,即将未能表达出的意思用圆括号在菜名的后面加以解释。
例如:火锅译为:chafing dish(instant boiled mutton,beef,and vegetables with chilli sauce),琥珀核桃译为:frittered walnuts(in amber color)。
叫花鸡译为:beggar’s chicken(baked mud--coated chicken)。
如此处理后的菜名即完整传达了菜肴的特色,又弘扬了中国博大的饮食文化。
音译法可以用来翻译一些本国或本地特有的食品。
事实上,国内许多食品的名称如”香槟”(champagne)”芝士”(cheese)”吐司”(toast)”汉堡包”(hamburger)等都是从地道的英语所翻译
过来的,久而久之中国人都知道那是什么东西了。
那么,我们也可以直接用我们的读音来翻译本国特有的食品,让外国人都熟悉中国的说法及认识它们,据了解,在美国和欧洲的中餐馆中,中文菜单翻译英文最直接的方法就是”音译”,这种方法简洁而直接也很有特色,如豆腐,更多的用’tofu’来翻译,美国人点菜时已经会正解地说”tofu”这才真正做到了传播本国饮食文化精髓的目的。
诸如此类的,又如”驴打滚”(ludagun),”狗不理”(goubuli,后来据此读音定为:gobelive);再如”馒头”,”饺子”,”汤圆”不如直接音译为:mantou, jiaozi, tangyuan,这样一来,外国朋友也就知道这是地道的中国风味小吃了。
(四)意译法
以写实手法命名的菜名,往往其体现了菜肴的很多基本信息,因此比较多地采用意译,主要把菜肴的主料,口味,口感,烹法等基本信息翻译出来,或者再加用’with+辅作料’。
如:红烧牛肉(braised beef with brown sauce)、水煮嫩鱼(tender stweed fish)、茄汁鱼片(sliced fish with tomato sauce)、葱爆羊肉片(satuteed slice mutton with scallion)、火腿煎蛋(fried eggs with ham)。
用意译法来翻译菜名,使翻译有更高的准确性和更强的有效性,但有时候会显得过长,不简洁。
为此,笔者认为可以用简洁的翻译加附上相应的图片,这样的效果会更佳。
而对于一些含有历史典故的菜名,更好的是通过服务人员现场解说,或者让外国朋友翻译出有关背景资料供阅读。
四、结语
翻译是信息在目标语和译入语之间传递的过程。
中国丰富多彩的饮食文化给中式菜名的翻译带来了不同程度的影响和难度。
受中西方饮食观念、饮食传统及饮食习惯等诸多因素的影响,中式菜名在英译时很难在语义信息、文化内容及文字风格上做到完全对等。
但是,只要译者努力就不难发现,在采用了相应的翻译方法和技巧后,就可以在某种程度上弥补语义信息和文化信息的缺失,使翻译真正实现交流,传承,沟通,创造与发展的本质价值。