定语从句 知识结构图
最新定语从句知识结构图解
12定语从句知识结构图解3概念：定语可以由形容词,名词,代词,分词,不定式以及介词短语等来担任，也可以由一个句子来充当，4充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
①指5人的先行词6⒈先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词7②指物的先行词8★先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
9He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. 0(which替代前面所叙述的事情)1先行词2①替代前面的先行词3（替代作用）4关系词的作用②连接主句和定语从5句（连接作用）6③在定语从句中作句子成分7（成分作用）8定语从句“三要素”⒉关系词: 引导定语的词9标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类12关系词的分类关系代词：在从句中做主,宾，表，3定45（that/which/who/whom/whose/as）6关系副词：在从句中作状语7(When/where/why)8⒊定语从句：用来做定语，修饰限定先行词的句子。
9①限制性定语从句：对先行词起限定修饰作用。
1定 He is a teacher who works at our school.2定语从句的分类②非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用 (先行词与定语从句之3间有逗号隔开)4语Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with 5a long history.6比较: He has two sons, who work in the same company. (He has only 7two sons.)8从He has two sons who work in the same company. (Perhaps he 9has two more sons)1句①关系代词在定语从句中作宾语2She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)3②关系代词在定语从句中作表语⒈关系代词的省略 He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that) 4 限定性定语从句 ③ 关系代词作介词宾语，介词在从句句尾时可以省略5Housing price is a problem (that/which) people 6are interested in.7比较: Housing price is a problem in which people are 8interested.9（此时只能用which 且不能省略）1① 以疑问词who 开头的句子中 2定语从句几个难点 Who is the man that is 3shouting there?4② 关系代词在从句中作表语时 5用that 的情况 She is not the girl that she used 6to be.7③ 先行词被the very, the right, the only 修饰8This is the very person that we are looking for.9⒉先行词是人that/who 的1区别 ①先行词是one, 2 ones, anybody, all, none, those 等34 Those who want to go to the cinema5 will have to6wait at the gate of the school.7②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了8 that,另外一9用who 的情况 个用who1 Who is the boy that won the gold medal?2③在there be 结构中3There are many young men who 4 are against him.5④ 在非限定性定语从句当中 6Tom, who is my best friend, has gone 7abroad to study.89① 在非限定性定语从句中.1She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.2②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语. 3 The pen with which you write is 4Jack ’s.5③先行词是that 或定语从句中套67Let me show you the novel that 890 ①先行词是不定代词如all, little,12few, much,3⒊先行词是物 anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等4that / which的区别She did all that she could to 5help us.67②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, 8much, the only, the very, the right，9the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I 1want.2③先行词中既有人又有物时3She described in her 4compositions the people and5用that的情况 the places that impressed her 6most.7④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级8修饰时。
定语从句讲解图表
October 1st is the day __w__h_e_n__ ( new China was founded).
The window ( _w_h_i_c_h_ was opened this morning) has been broken. that
Morning is the best time _w__h_e_n_ (y_o_u_ practise _re_a_d_i_n_g aloud).
Do you remember the lake w__h_e_r_e (y_o_u_ first met your g_i_r_lf_r_i_en__d.）
Complex sentence 复合句：
由连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子 的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作 某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语）。
复合句 = 主句
+
定语从句
一个主谓结构是句子 另一个或一个以上的主谓结构 的主要部分（主句） 只在句子中作某个成分（定语）
Attributive clause:
限制性定语从句 restrictive
非限制性定语从句non-restrictive
是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉， 主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从 句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。
和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说 明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。
1958 was the year _w__h_e_n_ (S_p_i_e_lb__er_g made his first real f_il_m_).
定语从句框架图
定语从句框架图 Prepared on 22 November 2020限制性定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制的作用分类非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用，与主句往往用逗号隔开Who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语仅用于指认Whom 在定语从句中作宾语仅用于指物：which在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语That 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语指人、物Whose 在定语从句中作定语指人、物：as 在定语从句中作主、宾语、表语当先行词是不定代词all, little, few, much, everything, anything 等时定语当先行词前面有the only, the very, any, every, some, no, all, few, little ,much, the right, the last, just等修饰词时从句当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时用that不关系用which代词当先行词是序数词或先行词前面有序数词修饰时当先行词即有人又有物时当主句的主语是疑问词who或者which时有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，另外一个宜用that当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时在非限制性定语从句中，且先行词指物当定语从句中的介词提前时用which用法不用that先行词后面有插入语时先行词本身就是that时先行词为主句的一部分甚至是整个主句时先行词是指认的不定代词，如：one, ones, anyone, no one, those 等时用who不用that 在there be 结构中，先行词指人时在分隔性定语从句中When: 先行词为时间名词，在定语从句中作时间状语关系副词 Where: 先行词为地点名词，（有时地点会被”模糊化”），在定语从句中作地点状语Why: 先行词为the reason, 在定语从句中作原因状语。
英语：定语从句演示图
I have lost the watch t_h_a_t_/_w_h_i_c_h_/_--my father gave me. Do you remember the day _w__h_e_n_/_o_n__w_h_i_c_h_ Beijing was liberated.
句子种类 一、简单句
五种类型 1. 主 + 系 + 表 2. 主 + 谓(vi) 3. 主 + 谓(vt) + 宾 4. 主 + 谓(vt) + 宾 + 双宾 5. 主 + 谓(vt) + 宾 + 宾补 二、并列句 = 简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句
and, but, for, so, while, or, as well as, rather than, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also…, besides, however, otherwise, therefore
三、复合句 = 主句 + 从句 （主从复合句）
主语从句
从句
宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句
名词性从句
状语从句（八种）
被修饰词
1.代替先行词
2.作从句成分
先行词+ 关系词+ 从句
1.分类：a.关系代词 b.关系副词 2.选择：a.先行词——指人、物？
b.据从句——句子成分？
麦穗般的眉毛，配着青远山色轨道模样的鼻子。有着水蓝色砂锅造型的眼睛，和紫罗兰色灯笼般的耳朵，一张水蓝色话筒般的嘴唇，怪叫时露出淡紫色火舌般的牙齿，变态的 嫩黄色轻盈样的舌头很是恐怖，水绿色竹竿形态的下巴非常离奇。这巨魔有着酷似玩具般的肩胛和活像刀峰模样的翅膀，这巨魔轻灵的米黄色香肠样的胸脯闪着冷光，极似高
定语从句框架图
限制性定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制的作用分类非限制性定语从句：对先行词起补充说明作用，与主句往往用逗号隔开Who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语仅用于指认Whom 在定语从句中作宾语仅用于指物：which在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语That 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语指人、物Whose 在定语从句中作定语指人、物：as 在定语从句中作主、宾语、表语当先行词是不定代词all, little, few, much, everything, anything 等时定语当先行词前面有the only, the very, any, every, some, no, all, few,little ,much, the right, the last, just 等修饰词时从句当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时用that不关系用which代词当先行词是序数词或先行词前面有序数词修饰时当先行词即有人又有物时当主句的主语是疑问词who或者which时有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词宜用which，另外一个宜用that当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语时在非限制性定语从句中，且先行词指物当定语从句中的介词提前时用which用法不用that先行词后面有插入语时先行词本身就是that时先行词为主句的一部分甚至是整个主句时先行词是指认的不定代词，如：one, ones, anyone, no one, those 等时用who不用that 在there be 结构中，先行词指人时在分隔性定语从句中When: 先行词为时间名词，在定语从句中作时间状语关系副词 Where: 先行词为地点名词，（有时地点会被”模糊化”），在定语从句中作地点状语Why: 先行词为the reason, 在定语从句中作原因状语。
定语从句讲解图表
考点三：as与which引导的定语从句
※对这两个词作如下归纳： 1、如果定语放主句后，即引用as也可以用which. He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural. Grammar is not a dead rule, which (=as) I have said before.
e.g. There are 60 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.
This is the first composition (that) he has written in English.
④先行词被the only, the very, the last 修饰时。 That white flower is the only one (that) I really like. This is the very book (that) I want to find. ⑤ 当有两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的先行词时，这个定语从 句要用that而不用who (whom)和which引导。如： He talked about the teachers and schools （that） he had visited.
4.as代表前面主句意思时，有“正如…”之意，而which没有此意 思，从句中的动词常是expect, know, see, think, want, suppose等。
He won the match, as we had expected. He agreed to the plan, as was to be expected.
3.用于the same…as…,such…as…，as…as…, so…as…中，一般用as。 e.g. Such books as you tell me are interesting. This is the same book as I lent you yesterday.
定语从句讲解PPT图表
定 语 从 句 的 引 导 词
关系 代词
指人
指物
where (地点状语) 关系 副词 when (时间状语)
D、which; that
why (原因状语)
10、This is the last factory ___ he used to work at, many workers of _____ still have a good relationship with him.
C
A、that; it
B、which; whom
C、that; which
一个主谓结构是句子 的主要部分（主句）
The students (who do not study hard )will not pass the exam.
主句主语 从句主语 从句谓语结构
主句谓语结构
Attributive clause:
在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词 或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。 定语从句还叫做嵌入句， 因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。
Complex sentence 复合句：
由连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子 的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作 某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语）。 复合句 = 主句 + 定语从句 另一个或一个以上的主谓结构 只在句子中作某个成分（定语）
定语从句思维导图
1.解①在主从句中找出定语从句题②看先行词是指人还是指物步③分析定语从句中缺少什么成分：主语/宾语/表语/定语/状语骤④确定关系词①几个概念定义：用来修饰名词或代词的句子先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词关系词：引导定语从句,分为关系代词和关系副词分类：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别②基本用法关系代词：指人：that、who、whom、whose、as主宾表主宾宾定主宾表指物：that、which、whose、as主宾表主宾定主宾表③具体用法先行词是不定代词先行词被不定代词修饰或被only、very、just修饰先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰★只用that不用which 先行词指人又指物主句已有疑问词主句中的先行词是表语或定语从句缺表语非限制性定语从句中★只用which不用that定语从句中介词提到先行词前面,且先行词为物whose既可指人又可指物后面紧跟名词★whose的用法whose+n. = the +n. +of which/whom= of which/whom+the +n.定 2. 考the same…as…语点限制性定语从句中,as的三个搭配such…as…从归so…as…句纳★as的用法as引导的定语从句可位于主句前或后,which只能位于主句后非限制性定语从句中as译为“正如”,which译为“这一点”、as和which的区别“这件事”、“这”when: 先行词是表示时间的名词,且在定语从句中作时间状语★关系副词=介词+ whichwhere：先行词是表示地点的名词,且在定语从句中作地点状语=介词+ whichwhy: 先行词是表示原因的名词,且在定语从句中作原因状语=for + which★先行词是way, 定语从句的引导词定语从句中缺少方式状语时,用in which、that 或者省略;定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时,用that、which 或者省略;。
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语法专题五：定语从句
定语从句在复合句中作定语，由关系代词和关系副词引导，被修饰的词为先行词。
一. 关系代词的用法
指代对象人事物人+事物主格who/that which/that that
宾格who/that/whom which/that that
所有格Whose whose/of which
注意
1．只用that 不用which
•(1)介词+which+从句，在此结构中因介词提前不能用that代替which，当介
词不提前时方可。
此结构可用关系副词代替“介词+which
The chair on which she sat is made of wood.
The chair which /that she sat on is made of wood.
•(2)先行词本身是that /those
What’s that which flashed in the sky just now
2.关系代词只能用that
•（1）先行词为“all”，“everything”,“nothing”，“little”，“much”等不定代词。
•eg. There is something that you can borrow.
•(2)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰。
•eg.This is the very place that I want to find.
•The last place that we visited was a factory.
•(3)先行词被形容词的最高级修饰。
•eg.This is the best book that I have ever read.
•(4）先行词为两种或两种以上不同的事物。
先行词若为分别表
示人和事物的名词，也只能用that引导定语从句。
•eg.She gave me some books and a pen that I need.
•(5)先行词被序数词修饰。
•eg.This is the second article that I wrote in English.
•(6)主句是以who或which开头的特殊问句时。
•eg.Who is the person that is standing at the door?
（1）as做关系代词、关系副词引导限制性定语从句，在从句中充当主语、表语、状语，常使用的有以下结构：the same...as，such...as, as many...as, as much...as, as...as。
•He bought such a book as I have.(as做宾语)
•You should do it the same way as I did.(as做状语)
（2）as引导非限制性定语从句，常见习语：
•as anybody can see(正如人人都能看到的那样)•as we all know(众所周知)
•as is known to all(众所周知)
•as we had expected(正如我们预料的那样)
•as is reported in the newspaper(正如报纸报道的那样)
•as is often the case(正如经常发生的那样
二. .关系副词的用法
关系副词when, where, why分别表示时间、地点、原因，
在从句中作状语，其先行词一般是分别表示时间、地点、
原因的名词。
•I'll tell you the time when I reach your school.
•The reason why he didn’t come is that he was ill.
•The reason why you failed is clear.
•This is the room where they held the meeting.
•I will never forget the day when I joined the party.
•The reason why he didn’t come is that he caught a
fever.
1.situation后常用where,in which引导定语从句
2.way(方式，方法)后常用in which或that或how引导定语从句，也可省略
3."the same＋名词"such＋名词”,“as＋名词”后通常用as引导定语从句•Can you imagine a situation where/in which you can use the word?•Do you know the way(in which/that/how) he worked out the problem?
•I have the same dictionary as you(have) ./Such a book as you bought is interesting。