医学英语期末复习提纲

201401 医学英语期末考试复习

题型：翻译、名词匹配、词汇和语法、阅读

复习范围：医学英语课本1-12课A课文、单词、课后练习

部分重点如下：

一.熟悉以下段落的英汉互译

1. “In my view,”wrote Thomas Jefferson in 1814, “no knowledge can be more satisfactory to a man

than that of his own frame, its parts, their functions and actions.” Disti nguished thinkers before and since Jefferson have held this belief, but curiously, it is not one that the average person wholehearted shares. Man’s attitude toward his own body ---- his single most precious possession ---- is decidedly ambivalent, at one and the same time his is fascinated by it and fearful of it, partly in echo of ancient taboo, partly in the conviction that the body is too complicated to understand.

“在我看来，”托马斯·杰斐逊在1814年写道,“对一个人来说，没有什么知识可以比了解自身的架构，他自身的部件，他们的功能和动作更能满足他的了。”在杰斐逊之前和之后的伟大思想学家就已经持有这个观点，但奇怪的是，这不是一个能令每一个人都心悦诚服的看法。人对自己的身体（他个人最珍贵的财产）的态度，在同一时刻内既被它吸引着又感到害怕，这是明显矛盾的。产生这个矛盾的部分原因是古代禁忌的影响，部分原因则是（人们）深信人体过于复杂而不可理解

2.The study of disease should not make students feel fragile and vulnerable. It is important to remember

that the human body has a remarkable ability to protect itself against disease and to cure itself when illness or injury does occur. Moreover, when serious illness strikes, modern medicine has extremely sophisticated tools for fighting back.

疾病的研究不能让学生感到（对疾病的）无能为力和难以防御。当疾病或意外发生时，记住人体有保护自身抵御疾病和自我治愈的卓越能力是非常重要的。此外，受到严重疾病侵袭时，现代医学已经有非常尖端的手段来抵御疾病。

3. Obviously, the use of megadoses of vitamin C is not an entirely harmless practice. The public needs

information with which they may recognize counterfeit claims, so as to avoid the potential dangers of self-medication in the absence of sound knowledge. This is true with any substances used in large amounts. Nonetheless, the sky seems to be brightening for vitamin C. On the basis of increasing knowledge of its antioxidant strength, especially in prevention of trouble rather than just in treating it after it has happened, vitamin C may yet clear its name.

显然，大剂量使用维生素C不是一个完全无害的实践。公众需要有能让他们能够识别假冒声称的知识，以便使他们在缺乏健全知识的自我用药的情况下避免潜在的危险。对于大量使用任何物质

来说这都是真理。尽管如此，世界还是应为维生素C而变得更加明亮。在随着维生素C抗氧化能力的知识不断积累的基础上，特别是在对疾病的预防而不仅仅是在对疾病发生后的治疗的这一基础上，维生素C仍然可能为自己洗刷罪名。

4. Some commonplace back pain is probably related to stress. A study established recently revealed a

connection between stressful life events and occurrences of back pain. Previous work found that patients without a definite physical reason for low-back pain perceived life as more stressful than a control group of back pain patients when had definite physical damage.

一些司空见惯的背痛可能与压力有关。最近成立的一项研究揭露了压力生活事件与后背疼痛的发生之间的关联。先前的研究发现，下腰背疼痛而无明确体征的病人比作为对照组的有明显身体伤害的腰背痛病人感觉生活的压力更加沉重。

5. We humans do amazing things with food. Somewhere in the world, one person might eat only raw

whale blubber in a given day, another might eat only rice, and still another might eat only pizza and bananas, or drink dandelion wine. Through its metabolic magic, the human body converts these and dizzying variety of other substances into usable energy and tissues of its own.

我们人类对食物做出令人惊叹的事情。在世界的某个地方，一个人在特定的一天可能只能吃到生的鲸脂，另一个人可能只吃米饭，还有一个可能只吃披萨和香蕉，或饮用蒲公英酒。通过他（人体）神奇的代谢过程，人体将这些物质和其它令人眼花缭乱的各种物质转化为可用的能量和其自身的组织。

二、熟悉以下专业名词的双语表达

Physicochemical property Pathogenesis

leukemia

prognosis rheumatology hypertension epidemiology orthopedics diagnostician

solubility

exocrine

parathyroid cholesterol

electrocardiogram

bicarbonate

small intestine

antibody

urination

chloride anemia

hepatitis

leucocyte

malignancy

nephritis

cardiovascular system

congenial heart

antigen

drain excrete

renal calculus

hemodialysis

diabetes

digestive enzyme

osteoporosis disease

melanin

endocrine system

skeletal-muscular system

angina pectoris

bronchitis pneumonia pulmonitis repiratory system