presentation——美国文化
英美概况presentation美国饮食文化
Even desserts(甜食) (except ice cream) are
eaten with a fork if at all possible, and the spoon you see by your dessert is meant to be for coffee (but if you use it for your dessert no one will say anything).
and eat it in the car from a tray hooked over the door through the open window．
❖ You may be asked if your order is “for here” or “to go ”（i．e．to take away）．In some
❖ Second, towards the end of a course,
since only one implement(器具) is being
used, food has to be chased around the plate with the fork — and for the last mouthful the thumb has to be used to keep the food in place, although one is not supposed to do this.
国外访学心得体会
国外访学心得体会范文一在美国的游学历程中，我用以下五个部分来简述归纳我的体会。
我的选择是华盛顿大学，在西雅图。
选学校的时候还是一二月份的事情，后来因为《北京遇上西雅图》的走红，本来并不算特别的一个选择，倒成了颇具意境的一个行程，于是我们上演了一次《北大遇上西雅图》，我也便用这个作为感想的题目。
一、学习体会我们在华盛顿大学的Foster商学院进行交换访学，老实说，短期的访学要学到太多东西是不现实的，更多的是体验不同的文化、方式、感受。
与北大光华相比较，其实国外的商学院从教授、教授内容等方面不一定有质的差别。
但是从西方的沟通习惯，教室直接是U字形排布，教授走到学生中间;鼓励思考鼓励对话;即时互动积极探讨没有正确答案等等方面，确实是一种不同的文化和方式，很好的鼓励了大家独立思考。
我们就是在这样的氛围中，体会了国外的MBA教学。
课堂中，教授们随时可能发起互动游戏，让同学的在参与中体验和分享，并鼓励同学们非常独立的思维，不受束缚，这可能是最深刻的一个感受。
同时，大家用极短的时间，分组完成了美国一个著名服装品牌A&F （就是那个著名的肌肉男赤裸上身招揽顾客的牌子）进军亚洲市场的案例。
这些案例的分析，没有对错，只讲逻辑和方法，美国的孩子从很小的时候就经历这样的思维锻炼，因此确实更加思维活跃和开放。
二、企业参观访学安排中另一重要内容是企业参观。
西雅图虽然并非美国最繁华的的城市，但是是美国最宜居的城市，同样集中了不少美国著名企业，其中最有名的四大企业总部是波音、星巴克、亚马逊、微软。
访学的正式安排我们走进了波音、星巴克，还跟随同学驱车到了微软的总部。
还是那句话，更多的体验教给你更多的生活。
在波音，我们主要体会了大工业时代，人类挑战极限的恢弘，而在星巴克，则是一个咖啡文化和星巴克文化之旅，用各种方式让你体验其文化内涵。
三、美式生活既然在美国居住，自然有机会体验美国人的生活。
除了体验吃、环境、购物外，我最大的收获周三意外发现的一个在UniversityVillage 举办的社区Party,比如美国人那种对生活的积极参与的态度，沉浸在音乐中欢快的起舞，非常自由的享受生活。
有关美国的英语作文
有关美国的英语作文在英语中，亚美利加和美利坚为同一词“America”，只是汉译不同，前者指全美洲，后者指美国。
下面是店铺给大家整理的一些英语范文，供大家参阅!有关美国的英语作文篇1：The United States of AmericaThe United States of America (also referred to as the United States, the U.S., the USA, or America) is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district. The country is situated mostly in central North America, where its forty-eight contiguous states and Washington, D.C., the capital district, lie between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, bordered by Canada to the north and Mexico to the south. The state of Alaska is in the northwest of the continent, with Canada to the east and Russia to the west across the Bering Strait. The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific. The country also possesses several territories in the Caribbean and Pacific.At 3.79 million square miles and with over 310 million people, the United States is the third or fourth largest country by total area. It is one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, theproduct of large-scale immigration from many countries. The U.S. economy is the world's largest national economy.The national flag of the United States consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the canton (referred to specifically as the "union") bearing fifty small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars. The fifty stars on the flag represent the 50 states and the 13 stripes represent thethirteen colonies that rebelled against the British monarchy and became the first states in the Union. Nicknames for the flag include the "Stars and Stripes", "Old Glory," and "The Star-Spangled Banner" (also the name of the national anthem).Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, "the District", or simply D.C., is the capital of the United States, filled with major museums and monuments, along withmulti-cultural communities.New York is the most populous city in the United States and one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. New York exerts a significant impact upon global commerce, finance, media, art, fashion, research, technology, education, and entertainment. As the home of the United Nations Headquarters, it is an important center for international affairs and is widely deemed the cultural capital of the world. The city is also referred to as New York City or the City of New York to distinguish it from the state of New York, of which it is a part. Many districts and landmarks in New York City have become well known to outsiders. Times Square, iconified as "The Crossroads of the World", is the brightly illuminated hub of the Broadway theater district, one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections, and a major center of the world's entertainment industry. The city hosts many world renowned bridges, skyscrapers, and parks.Los Angeles is one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world and the second largest in the United States. Nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is a world center of business, international trade, entertainment, culture, media, fashion, science, technology, and education. As the home base of Hollywood, it is known as the "Entertainment Capital of theWorld", leading the world in the creation of motion pictures, television production, video games, and recorded music.The United States is extraordinarily diverse in its array of attractions. There are various places of interest in the county, such as Niagara Falls, Yellowstone National Park, Statue of Liberty, Times Square, The White House, Central Park, Grand Canyon, the Golden Gate Bridge, etc.Out of all of America's symbols, none has proved more enduring or evocative than the Statue of Liberty. This giant figure, torch in hand and clutching a stone tablet, has for a century acted as a figurehead for theAmerican Dream.The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay onto the Pacific Ocean. It connects the city of San Francisco on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula to Marin County. It has become an internationallyrecognized symbol of San Francisco and California.The United States is a multicultural nation, home to a wide variety of ethnic groups, traditions, and values. Aside from the now small Native American and Native Hawaiian populations, nearly all Americans or their ancestors immigrated within the past five centuries. The culture held in common by most Americans—mainstream American culture—is a Western culture largely derived from the traditions of European immigrants with influences from many other sources, such as traditions brought by slaves from Africa. More recent immigration from Asia and especially Latin America has added to a cultural mix that has been described as both a homogenizing melting pot and a heterogeneous salad bowl in which immigrants and theirdescendants retain distinctive cultural characteristics.Americans celebrate a variety of federal holidays and other national observances throughout the year, such as New Year's Day, Easter, Memorial Day, Independence Day, Labor Day, Thanksgiving, and Christmas. American holidays can be secular, religious, international, or uniquely American.Traditional American cuisine uses indigenous ingredients, such as turkey, venison, potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, squash, and maple syrup, which were consumed by Native Americans and early European settlers. Characteristic dishes such as apple pie, fried chicken, pizza, hamburgers, and hot dogs derive from the recipes of various immigrants. French fries, Mexican dishes such as pasta dishes freely adapted from Italian sources are widely consumed.Baseball has been regarded as the national sport since the late 19th century. Basketball and ice hockey are the country's next two leading professional team sports. Boxing and horse racing were once the most watched individual sports, but they have been eclipsed by golf and auto racing. Soccer is played widely at the youth and amateur levels. Tennis and many outdoor sports are popular as well.有关美国的英语作文篇2：the american heritage festival1. united states is a cultural powers. short but rich history and unique it makes for an ethnic melting pot, and bring together the worlds culture. if the thought of this huge social and human treasures of get in, we may wish to take a short cut, that is, on his holiday to be a general understanding of the culture, because it is a microcosm of the festival.2. day(情人节情人节)(february valentines day(情人节)(february 14)3.november 1, halloween is the traditional festival of the west. halloween, namely 31 october night, children enjoy a good time to play. as night fell, the children put on colorful costume, and wore a mask of all sorts, put on a pumpkin lampran out to play.packed with parity, the demons were dressed up as children of mobile pumpkin lamp, ran to a neighbors door, intimidation, like shouting: to trick or treat and give money or to eat. if the adults do not have to change for the hospitality they candy, and those naughty boy just talk the talk: well, youre not playing entertaining, i you.4. november 4th thursday is thanksgiving. on thanksgiving day, the united states the whole fun, people follow the customs of the prayer of thanksgiving to the church, and rural towns are nearby, theatrical performances or sporting events, etc. continues for another year of relatives will return from many, one family luck, taste the delicious thanksgiving turkey.christmas is the most typical christmas tree decorations, people in a small fir or pine filled with gifts and lantern, the top of the tree with a big star.有关美国的英语作文篇3：美国文化i’m glad to sho w you mine presentation today. and now let’s see some pictures. what are they? maybe you’ll say “ads”. but do you see the slogans on them? just as this one “obey your thirst”.advertisements give latest information about products. but some people think tha t advertisements don’t give much information but only try to persuade customers to buy. may be what mentioned above is the citizens’ view about advertisement.so, what i want to say is that we can pay more attention onadvertising slogans, and some of them give us some inspiration.we might as well take a look.first i want to share my favorite slogan with you. it’s the slogan of the hennessy. “to me, the past is black and white, but the future is always color.” just as the slogan said, i hold the view that a person can’t be always lost in the past, and no matter how happy or terrible the past is, the future is worthy to be expected. this slogan gives a clear picture of the life that every successful person who want to realize the dream.besides, there’s another slogan, “start ahead”. i believe that most of us are familiar with its chinese meaning “成功之路，从头开始”. iargue that wherever we go and whatever we meet, this sentence is full of power and wisdom.the other one is the slogan of canon. as it said, “impossib le made possible.” whenwe are in case of emergency or we meet difficulties at the critical stage of our life, it’s a good choice for us to use the slogan for encouragement.there’re also many slogans which deserve to be thought about. for example, “intelligence everywhere,” “the relentless pursuit of perfection,” and the most famous one “just do it”.maybe we’ll forget them after the first time we heard them or maybe we could seldom remember them unless in a special situation. in my opinion, since we have so many excellent advertising slogans, we have every reason to make full use of the social resources.in other words, after we enjoy the happiness and know about the introduction of the products, we should take in the wisdom and the truth which behind them. thank you, it’s all my presentation.有关美国的英语作文篇4：Governments of China and America In a word, the government of China and America are both democratic. China’s NPC system is consist of many representatives elected from everywhere in china, while America’s government is also consists of elected people from different states. Though both two are democratic, they are still different in many ways.China has more than four times of population comparing to America. Several NPC members are elected from 1.3 billion people; they must be representative and capable enough. However, many of them are rich people. Though we require democratic, the absolute democratic is actually difficult to achieve. They are not able to care for people of every status. The NPC will be held once in 5 years, and during the 5 years, the power of government is used by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.While in America, the power of government is divided into three parts. They are the legislation part, whose name is the Congress, the president, and the judicial part, which is also described as 3 branches, whose name is the Supreme Court. For the power is divided into 3 parts, different parts have counterbalance against each other, the government can be democratic and just enough, though sometimes the division can cause many redundant procedures and make something more complex,which would make the government less efficiency. At least, the resident is the commander of the U.S. army. The president is able to command the army directly when the country is facing emergencies.There cannot be absolute democratic in the world.Sometimes even democratic can also be ridiculous and make awful decisions. We cannot be democratic in everything, but for now democratic is the most effective and fair way. There must be unavoidable troubles in each government, what we need to do is to find it, and then improve it.。
美国文化 时间灵活
Time: Key PointsFlexible Time (Polychronic)Fluid, elastic timeCultures differ in terms of how they view time. Many cultures, including India and many Middle Eastern cultures, have a polychronic orientation to time. People view time as fluid or elastic, expanding to accommodate all that needs to be done. Deadlines may be seen as desirable objectives rather than firm commitments. Emphasis on people and relationshipsEmphasis is placed on people and relationships, through which everything is accomplished, and it is more important to take the time necessary to maintain relationships than it is to keep to a specified deadline or schedule.Tolerance for interruptionsPolychronic people have a high tolerance for interruptions and can handle competing tasks simultaneously. In discussions, they may have a tendency to jump from one topic to another rather than follow a step-by-step, linear progression from one topic to the next. Their approach might be characterized as holistic rather than partial or linear.Linear Time (Monochronic)Fixed, linear timeThe U.S. is a monochronic culture. In monochronic cultures, time is seen as fixed and linear. It is a limited resource that can be spent, saved, or wasted; in fact, Americans often say, "Time is money." People take schedules and deadlines seriously, and prefer to execute tasks one at a time, in sequence. Managers manage through schedules and timelines.Schedules and deadlinesIn monochronic cultures, people take schedules and deadlines seriously, and prefer to execute tasks one at a time, in sequence. Managers manage through schedules and timelines.Punctuality, efficiency, and resultsMonochronic people value punctuality and efficiency, and tend to be very task- and results-oriented."The early bird gets the worm."Urgency and competitionThere is a well-known saying in the U.S.: "The early bird gets the worm." This saying reflects the American sense of urgency and competition, and the belief that by being proactive and faster than others, you will be rewarded.Time: Business ImplicationsAmericans value efficiency in meetings and presentations.Though they may not always succeed, people in the U.S. generally value meetings and presentations that start on time, stay on track, and end on time. It's customary for the meeting facilitator or presenter to let participants or audience members know how long a meeting or presentation will run.Each agenda item in a meeting may have an allotted time to help stay on schedule. If it seems that a topic requires more time, the discussion may be cut off and postponed to a future meeting.There is also a linear progression through the agenda; once a topic has been closed, it is not considered desirable to go back and reopen it. It is therefore important to express your opinions and ideas when the topic is being discussed – not later.Schedules and deadlines are closely tracked.Schedules and deadlines are taken seriously. Projects are managed through setting measurable milestones or concrete deliverables and then regularly tracking progress through status updates.A standard part of a status update is a discussion of issues and next steps. Meetings often include troubleshooting to resolve issues so that the schedule is not delayed. Decisions may be made relatively quickly in the U.S.Decisions may be made more quickly in the U.S. than in many other cultures. Although input is often sought, people generally do not feel that it is necessary to take the time to get consensus. People may therefore "disagree but commit" if they are outvoted.Although decisions may be reached quickly, implementation sometimes takes longer as all parties need to be persuaded and problems need to be resolved as they arise.Americans value speed over thoroughness and often take a trial-and-error approach.Reflecting a preference for speed over thoroughness and preparation, U.S. Americans will often take a "trial and error" approach. In order to maintain forward movement, they are willing to troubleshoot problems as they arise rather than spending a long time in the planning stages, trying to avoid or prevent problems before they happen. Taking the time to perfect a product may be seen as less important than getting it to market quickly and capturing market share before the competition.。
美国文化英语ppt
Yellowstone National Park is in Wyoming (怀俄明州）, is the oldest national park in the world，and also is the United States'first and most famous national park.
old faithful geyser
If you tour to America,shopping is indispensable
Santa Monica High Street 【圣莫尼卡主街】
High-quality goods
Society people Antique (古董） Furniture Personalized
• • • • • • • Generally Introduction --康晓翔 American Food --薛志壮 The Accommodation --李贤青 automobile culture in the USA --吴贤宫 The Sightseeing in the USA --黄荣荣 Shopping --郭秀芬 Entertainment :TV drama --吴桐
When it founded?
June 6,1925.
Achievement:
It is one of American famous Auto company.
Some types of chrysler：
Empire State Building
• The Empire State Building is a famous skyscraper located in New York , USA,a total of 102 layers, high about 448.7 meters. • It is a high-rise modern office buildings, and together with Statue of Liberty is known as the symbol of New York.
Presentation - VXI
维音中国2目录维音企业概况卓越团队协作诚信34维音企业概况全球分布16全球运营基地20+语言支持2006-2014年度最佳产品15000+全球坐席§VXI 1998年成立于洛杉矶§提供专业化多语种服务—支持超过20种语种服务§多家电信运营商和网络电视供应商的战略合作伙伴§在美州,亚洲有16个客服中心§超过15.000 个坐席§从2006年开始至今，年收入稳定增长达30%/年§2006-2013年，多个产品荣获“客户互动解决方案年度最佳产品”奖项For Vision Suite §VisionCRM §VisionLog §VisionQA §VisionIVR §Vision Quiz §VisionCTI§VisionTraining §VisionChat §VisionView美国亚洲全国服务中心分布维音企业概况中国区分布4800+全中国坐席2005-2013最佳联络中心服务供应商2001超过10年中国本地联络中心运营交付Vision 系列v4.1.1全套的联络中心应用软件研发能力125+已成功实施并安装Vision 系列上海总公司n 完整的服务产品n 国际触角n 研发中心n 12+种语言n7x24h成都中心n 完整的服务产品n 流失率低n 人才库n 普通话n7x24h广州中心n 完整的服务产品n香港文化n 多种语言n7*24h河北中心n 专注于运营商行业n 大量的人力储备n 普通话n 7x24h n成本效率高北京中心n 完整的服务产品n 国际触角n 强大的人力储备n 多种语言n7x24h$32 M $60 M$90 M$120 M$160 M$180 M$220 M$250M$300M200620072008200920102011201220132014的收入目标•多站点灾备上海/广州/成都/北京/河北互为灾备热备份中国/菲利宾/美国数据互联•7*24小时不间断运营能力•复杂流程的知识管理能力•大规模呼叫中心运营能力•超过十年的本土呼叫中心运营经验•多语种支持Ý英语Ý菲律宾语Ý中文Ý广东话Ý越南语Ý韩语Ý闽南话Ý泰语Ý印尼、马来语Ý印度语Ý日语维音企业概况呼叫中心管理能力综合运营管理能力呼入&呼出电话营销数据录入& 数据处理账户管理客户关怀数据清洗&衍生营销服务热线&技术支持售后支持客户挽留产品和服务VXI 中国客户数码产品Life-style生活金融其他简介：Ø维音中国总部Ø维音软件研发中心Ø24 x 7 运营Ø12+ 语种支持Ø丰富的人力资源每年超过18万大专院校毕业生Ø上海是中国的金融中心，90% 的跨国公司总部设在上海简介：Ø坐落于市中心Ø通过香港与西方品牌紧密相连Ø国内的冗余备份计划中心Ø丰富的人才市场每年15万以上的大专院校毕业生Ø10+ 语种支持简介：Ø四川省省会城市Ø50所大学，52万在册大学生Ø流失率低Ø潮湿的亚热带气候Ø主要产业：信息、服务、食品和机械Ø成都高科技园区有超过30家500强企业入驻上海（总部）广州成都座席容量：1800+座席容量：600+座席容量：800+连接和备份我们将各个运营中心用专线进行了独立的连接,避免因为单点的系统问题影响运营，同时为客户提供全球无缝运营链接。
Welcome to our presentation
从文体学和风格学上看，戏仿可以简赅地界定为 “不协调的模仿”，是“滑稽”(Bur-lesque)的一 种手法或变体。其目的在于通过突出形式和风格同 题材之间的悬殊或落差，造成一种滑稽可笑的效果。 戏仿所模仿的或者是一部特定文学作品的严肃素材 和手法，或者是一个特定作者的独特的文体风格， 抑或是某种严肃文学样式的风格和其他特征，把它 们应用于一个诙谐的或者不相协调的主题，以取得 上述效果。一般说来，这种效果的取得需要通过对 被模仿者的某些特征的变形、夸大，行文往往采用 漫画式的手法或笔触。因此，严格地讲，戏仿作品 难以写得十分出色，只有在极富独创性的大手笔底 下才有希望成功，因为，在与“原作”取得极端相 似以及对其主要特征予以有意识的歪曲、夸大之间， 必须保持一种微妙的平衡。而文学史也告诉我们， 大多数出类拔萃的戏仿作品，事实上也都是出自资 禀聪颖的作家手中。就这种意义而言，戏仿是文学 艺术中一种次要的样式。
2. Wittman’s Monkey Bussiness
Theater
Seventy- two forms
A
loafer→ a salesman → a playwright → a show producer → a story-teller → an actor → a husband → King Kong → A pacifist
Wittman Ah Sing “Ah” → Ah Smith → Ah Sing Ah Jones Family name ; Personal name The affectionate overtones of a diminutive in southern Chinese tradition Selfhood → I, Smith/ Ah Smith I, Jones/ Ah Jones I, Sing/ Ah Sing
Recycling-presentation
环保漫画
西安市环保局长扮卡通,倡导" 低碳生活"(图) 新郎骑车8公里接新娘 60多车友助阵办环保婚礼
周 迅
环保达人
中国环保大使
两年前出任了中国环 境大使 杨澜
中国环保大使 பைடு நூலகம்迅
宋祖英
徐静蕾
广州市第五中学高 一级女生中国环保 大使
李喆慧
日本生态标章
（ECO-Mark）图样之涵义在以 双手拥抱着地球，象征“用我们 的手来保护地球和环境”，以两 只手拼出一个英文自母“e”，代 表 “Environment”“Earth”“Ecolog y”。标章的颜色，原则使用蓝色 单色印刷，但可因包装色系的不 同而改用其他颜色单色印刷。标 章的大小，至少以字能看清楚为 原则。另在标章的上方书写（爱 护地球），下方则标明该产品环 境保护的效用。
. 地球之友（Friends of Earth） 在香港地区创立的地球 之友(Friends of the Earth International)是著名的环境非政 府组织之一，还是反全球化运动 的一支重要力量。与其他环境组 织一样,地球之友近年来也改变了 就环境问题谈环境的做法，转而 将环境问题与社会问题及发展问 题联系起来，既扩大了活动领域， 也扩大了影响。自1983年成立以 来，“地球之友”曾经走过一段 艰辛的路。在香港的超级物质主 义的大潮流下，“地球之友”仍 然坚守使命，捍卫公众利益，维 护环境公义，不屈不挠地推动环 保，反对扩充发电厂、滥用杀虫 剂、侵占郊野土地、关注过度消 费、城市空气污染、水质污染、 填海和环境管理失误等问题
中国环境保护徽 章
中国环境标志
中国环境标志证书
我国于1993年发布了环境标志图形，即“十环标识”。 图形由青山、绿水、太阳及十个环组成。环境标志图 形的中心结构表示人类赖以生存环境，外围的十个环 紧密结合，环环相扣，表示公众参与，共同保护环境； 同时十个环的“环”字与环境的“环”同字，其寓意 为“全民联合起来，共同保护人类赖以生存的环境”。
广告业常用英文名词解释
广告业常用英文名词解释Radio broadcasting advertising ——广播广告Television advertising ——电视广告Yellow page advertising ——黄页广告OD广告(Out Door)——户外广告DM（Direct Mail）——直邮广告MD（Managing Director的缩写）——广告公司内的最高统帅，中文惯例译为总经理CD（Creative Director的缩写）——创作总监。
CD的前身，不是撰稿人便是美术设计，因为积累了丰富的经验，并有优异的创作成绩而成为督导ACD（associated Creative Director）——副创作总监Account Director——客户服务总监（客户部经理）Media Director——媒介总监（媒介部经理）AD（Art Director）——美术指导（在创作部可以独挡一面执行美术指导工作的美术监督）Account Group——业务小组。
广告公司内负责某特定客户之工作小组。
以AE为中心，成员包括行销企划、创意、媒体等工作人员，替客户执行广告企划设定、广告表现制作、媒体安排等业务。
AE（Account Executive）——客户代表，或客户执行。
代表广告公司接受广告主各种业务，并负责整体执行的人。
Appeal Point——诉求点。
广告讯息中，最能打动消费者心理，并引起行动的重点。
Brain Storming——动脑会议。
可自由发想，不受限制的讨论会议。
Brand Image——品牌形象。
消费者对商品品牌之印象。
CF（Commercial Film）——广告影片。
Commercial Script是电视广告脚本。
Competitive Presentation——比稿。
有的广告主不会将广告计划立即委托一家广告公司，而是让多家广告公司彼此竞争，再从中选择最优秀、最满意的广告公司。
Copywriter——文案（撰文人员）。
论美国文化的英语演讲稿
论美国文化的英语演讲稿篇一：介绍美国文化的英语演讲稿the american heritage festival1. united states is a cultural powers. short but rich history and unique itmakes for an ethnic melting pot, and bring together the worlds culture. if the thought of this huge social and human treasures of getin, we may wish to take a short cut, that is, on his holiday to be a generalunderstanding of the culture, because it is a microcosm of the festival.2. day(情人节情人节)(february valentines day(情人节)(february 14)(the first sunday after the first full moon following3.november 1, halloween is the traditional festival of the west. halloween,namely 31 october night, children enjoy a good time to play. as night fell, thechildren put on colorful costume, and wore a mask of all sorts, put on a pumpkinlamp ran out to play.packed with parity, the demonswere dressed up as children ofmobile pumpkin lamp, ran to a neighbors door, intimidation, like shouting: to trickor treat and give money or to eat. if the adults do not have to change for thehospitality they candy, and those naughty boy just talk the talk: well, youre notplaying entertaining, i you.4. november 4th thursday is thanksgiving. on thanksgiving day, the united statesthe whole fun, people follow the customs of the prayer of thanksgiving to the church,and rural towns are nearby, theatrical performances or sporting events, etc.continues for another year of relatives will return from many, one family luck, tastethe delicious thanksgiving turkey. team growing, they sung from the houses, joyful atmosphere continue to increase,and often continue until dawn.christmas is the most typical christmas tree decorations, people in a small firor pine filled with gifts and lantern, the top of the tree with a big star.篇二：美国文化演讲稿,英文版 presentationi’m glad to show you mine presentation today. and now let’s see some pictures.what are they? maybe you’ll say “ads”. but do you see the slogans on them? justas this one “obey your thirst”. advertisements give latest information about products. but some people think thatadvertisements don’t give much information but only try to persuade customers tobuy. may be what mentioned above is the citizens’view about advertisement. so, what i want to say is that we can pay more attention on advertising slogans, and some of themgive us some inspiration. we might as well take a look. first i want to share my favorite slogan with you. it’s the slogan of the hennessy.“to me, the past is black and white, but the future is always color.” just as theslogan said, i hold the view that a person can’t be always lost in the past, andno matter how happy or terrible the past is, the future is worthy to be expected.this slogan gives a clear picture of the life that every successful person who wantto realize the dream.besides, there’s another slogan, “start ahead”.i believe that most of us arefamiliar with its chinese meaning “成功之路，从头开始”. iargue that wherever we go and whatever we meet, this sentence is full of powerand wisdom.the other one is the slogan of canon. as it said, “impossible made possible.”when we are in case of emergency or we meet difficulties at the critical stage ofour life, it’s a good choice for us to use the slogan for encouragement. there’re also many slogans which deserve to be thought about. for example,“intelligence everywhere,”“the relentless pursuit of perfection,” and the mostfamous one “just do it”.maybe we’ll forget themafter the first time we heard them or maybe we could seldom remember them unless in a special situation. in my opinion, since we have somany excellent advertising slogans, we have every reason to make full use of the socialresources.in other words, after we enjoy the happiness and know about the introduction ofthe products, we should take in the wisdom and the truth which behind them. thank you, it’s all my presentation.篇三：关于中国文化的英语演讲关于中国文化的英语演讲众所周知，功夫熊猫2所示最近，很快成为中国的热门话题。
谈presentation在国际市场营销教学中的应用
谈presentation在国际市场营销教学中的应用摘要：presentation 这种教学方法最早来自于英国、美国、澳大利亚等西方国家，在被引入中国后主要应用于英语教学中较多，这种方法的应用对于学生的独立思考、语言表达和团队协作能力的提高都有很大的帮助。
本文详细介绍了如何选择适用目标学生群体、presentation教学方法在国际市场营销学中具体使用步骤和方法，并对一个学期的国际市场营销学中presentation教学效果进行了评估和总结。
关键词：国际市场营销学；presentation教学方法；自主学习引言presentation 在英文中的意思是报告和陈述，最早在国内被应用于英语语言的教学中，具体步骤是先把一个班级为单位的学生分成若干个小组，每个小组已5个人左右为最佳，以周为单位，每周提出一个英文的话题，让小组同学自己讨论、查找资料、安排任务、制作ppt，到下一周的周一每组都要派一个同学上讲台使用ppt把上一周的话题演讲出来，但每周的上讲台的演讲的同学不能重复，要求到课程结束时每个同学都有上台演讲的机会，目的是提高学生的英语口语表达能力。
笔者在澳大利亚 uts 攻读硕士学位时发现，presentation这种教学方法不仅仅是应用于语言教学中，而是几乎被应用到了笔者所学的每一门课中，而且presentation的成绩往往占到了最终成绩的20%，因此可以看出国外教学对presentation的重视。
反观通过对国内大学生的问卷调查发现，90%以上同学在大学四年里没有上过一次讲台，甚至大多数同学在大学四年里没有在课堂上发过一次言或是回答过一次问题。
因此在回国任教后，笔者决定在教学方法上进行改革，引入presentation的教学方法。
一、目标课程的选择和目标学生群体的选择对于课程的选择，笔者首先选择了国际市场营销学这门课作为实验对象。
首先，因为国际市场营销学本身是国内市场营销向国际方向的引申，那么顺其自然的引入国外的教学方式更容易使学生们接受；其次，作为市场营销专业的学生将来最直接的就业方向肯定是市场营销人员，而市场营销人员的一个最基本的素质要求就是要很强的语言表达和逻辑思维能力。
美国文化教案
Part Two: USAUnit One: GeographyI. Objectives•In this chapter we will look at some general features of America and set the scene for the more detailed examination of particular aspects of life there which are dealt with in later chapters.II. Focal Questions•What is the full name of the American state?•What are the physiographic features of America?•What are the natural resources in America?III. Procedures•Presentation by Students – Focal questions•Lectures by the teacher•Class discussion – Exploitation Activities•On class exercises•Assignment for the next chapterIV. Teaching hours:3 hoursV. ContentsIntroduction to US①The Land Area●The total land area of the USA is 9,372,615 square kilometers●the fourth largest country in the world②The Capital●Washington, D.C. is the capital of the United States of America.●Named after the first U.S. president, George Washington.●It is the heart of a dynamic metropolitan region.③The National Flag , Emblem and Anthem●The flag of the United States of America consists of 13 equal horizontal stripes ofred (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle (长方形) in the canton bearing 50 small, white, five-pointed stars arranged in nine offset horizontal rows of six stars (top and bottom) alternating with rows of five stars.●The bald eagle was chosen on June 20, 1782 as the emblem (徽章) of the UnitedStates of America.●“The Star-Spangled Banner” was recognized for official use by the Navy in 1889and the President in 1916, and was made the national anthem (国歌) by a congressional resolution on March 3, 1931, which was signed by President Herbert Hoover.④National Flower, Stone and Bird●September 23, 1986, the House of Representatives passed a joint resolutionnaming the rose as the “national floral emblem” of the United States.●The national stone of the United States is blue sapphire (蓝宝石).●The national bird of the United States is the bald eagle.1)Physiographic Features①Geographic Divisions●The eastern United States is broad, flat coastal plain.●The Great Plains lie west of the Mississippi River and east of the RockyMountains.●In the west of the Rocky Mountains lies the Intermontane Plateaus (高原).●The Intermontane Plateaus come to an end at the Cascade Range and the SierraNevada.●Alaska contains some of the most dramatic and untapped scenery in the country.②Rivers in the US●The Missouri River is 4,090km long and its tributaries cover an area of about1,502,200 sq km.●The Mississippi River flows about 3,730km which drains all the central area of theUSA and has a wide delta (三角洲), and many tributaries. The river was named by the Indians the Mississippi, meaning “Father of Waters”, or the “Old Man River”.●The Ohio River, 1,579km long and its tributaries is about 490,603 sq km.●The Colorado River flows 2,330km which drains an area of 629,100 sq km●The Rio Grande River runs about 3,034km which forms the border between Texasand Mexico.●The Columbia River, about 2,000km long, rises in British Columbia on the westernslope of the Rocky Mountains.●The Potomac River is famous not only because Washington D.C. is located on itsbank but also because it is the dividing line between the South and the North.●The Hudson River is famous because New York stands at its estuary.③Lakes in the US●The most important lakes in America are the Great Lakes which include five biglakes: Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.●Only Lake Michigan is wholly in the United States; the other four are shared withCanada.●The Great Lakes cover more than 764,000 sq km.●The Great Salt Lake is the largest inland salt lake in North America.●The Great Salt Lake is several times more saline (咸的) than seawater whichcontains about 4.4 billion tons of minerals.④Mountains in the US●The Rocky Mountains is a chain of mountains in the west of North America,running from the border of the USA and Mexico up to Canada. Several peaks are 4,000m high.●T he Appalachian Mountains’ highest peak is Mountain Mitchell, 2,038m..2)Climate and Natural Disasters①Climate●Taking the country as a whole, the climate of the United States can be classifiedas temperate with some mild subtropical zones (亚热带) and the southern Florida and Hawaii being tropical.●The climate of New England is relatively cold.●The climate of the Middle Atlantic States region is generally pleasant. There arefour definite seasons.●The South enjoys a warm climate and abundant rainfall. Some states in thisregion are sometimes harassed by the disaster of hurricanes (飓风).●Since the Great Plains stretch from the Canadian border to Texas, the climate inthis region varies widely.●The climate of the Midwest is temperate. This is a largely open country, and thewind blows freely, often bringing sudden and extreme changes in temperature.Midwest summers are sometimes very hot; winters are sometimes extremely cold.●The states west of the Rocky Mountains have sharply different climatic conditions.The part of Washington near the Pacific Ocean has the largest rainfall in the country. But after crossing these mountains, very little rain falls and deserts appear.②Natural Disasters●More recently, the western U.S. experienced widespread drought from 1999 to2004, and signs of a major, long-term drought across the Great Plains have developed.●The United States also experiences the most frequent and powerful tornadoes(龙卷风) in the world.●Another natural disaster are hurricanes, which can hit anywhere along the GulfCoast or the Atlantic Coast as well as Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. Hurricane season runs from June 1 to November 30, with a peak from mid-August through early October.●The Great Mississippi Flood happened in 1927.●The Great Flood happened in 1993.●The American Northwest sees the highest concentration of active volcanoes inthe United States. There are several active volcanoes located in the islands of Hawaii.3)Natural Resources●The United States is a land rich in natural resources, such as coal, copper (铜),lead, molybdenum (钼), phosphates (磷酸盐), uranium (铀), bauxite (矾土), gold, iron, mercury, nickel (镍), potash (碳酸钾), silver, tungsten (钨), zinc, petroleum, natural gas, timber (木材), are especially plentiful in the country.●America has a large deposit of iron ore (铁矿石).●Coal is another major natural resource found in large quantities in the U. S. whichcan last for hundreds of years.●America, very rich in oil, was once the largest oil producing country in the world.●Other basic metals and minerals mined on a large scale in America include zinc,copper, silver, and phosphate rock.●America enjoys abundant water resources.●America also has plenty of fertile soil.Unit Two:HistoryI. Objectives•In this chapter we mainly concentrate on the history of United States, which dates from 1607 to the present. Teachers should try to make students familiar with some outstanding figures and historic events that have great impacts on the whole country, even the whole world.II. Focal Questions•How was the New World discovered? Why was it important?•Why was the Declaration of Independence important?•What was the significance of the Civil War?•Why was the prosperity in 1920s false?•Search for more materials and state briefly the relations between the United States and China from 1990 to the present.III. Procedures•Presentation by Students – Focal questions•Lectures by the teacher•Class discussion – Exploitation Activities•Assignment for the next chapterIV. Teaching hours: 4 hoursV. Contents1. Colonial period (1607-1776)The period of colonization is from the first settlement of English colonists to the independence of America.1) American IndiansThe earliest inhabitants in North and South Americas were the American Indians, who had lived and labored there for thousands of years before Christopher Columbus, an Italian navigator, discovered the New World in 1492.The American Indians were divided into hundreds of tribes, enormously varied in physical appearance, language and civilization. Some tribes made their living by hunting, others by fishing, farming or gathering rye seeds. Later, the sea covered the land bridge from Asia to America and separated the two Americas from the rest of the world. The Indians and the people of the rest of the world knew little about each other until the New World was discovered in 1492.2) Discovery of AmericaBy the end of 15th century, the modern European world was to be formed. In the mid 15th century, a great number of long ocean voyages took place. History will always remember two names —Christopher Columbus and Amerigo Vespucci. It was they who discovered and identified the new continents.3) Colonization of North AmericaThe New World was a great and rich land. North and South Americas together made up an area almost as large as Africa and Europe combined.The ruling class of Europe fell upon this rich land greedily. Only 50 years after Columbus’ first voyage, the Spanish and Portuguese had overrun the vast land of what is now called Latin America. For about 100 years after Columbus’ crossing of the Atlantic, only explorers and traders visited North America. But at the beginning of 17th century, European settlers began to arrive. Portugal set up colonies in Brazil, while Spain explored and colonized much of South America and Mexico.The settling of present United States and Canada by the English and French went moreslowly, though quite cruelly. During the reign of Queen ElizabethⅠ(1588-1603), the English in growing numbers realized that the New World was their best place to make their fortunes, and to worship and live according to their beliefs.In April 1607, three ships with 104 English settlers arrived off the Virginia coast. They built the first successful settlement called Jamestown. In 1620 the first group of Puritans arrived from England. In order to escape from religious persecution at home, a group of Puritans set sail for America on a ship called the Mayflower.Later more Puritans arrived in the nearby areas of Massachusetts. By 1679 they set up four New England colonies: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New Hampshire. The colonies of New York, New Jersey, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and Delaware were called the Middle Colonies.By the mid 18th century North America had been actually divided out among the European colonists. Most of the east coast, south of the St. Lawrence River, north of Florida and stretching inland as far as the Appalachians in the west were in the hands of the British.4)Thirteen coloniesBy the time when Georgia was set up, the 13 colonies had had a population of 629,000. By 1750 it increased to 1,171,000. In terms of their political administration, the 13 colonies could be divided into three types: the proprietary colonies, which belonged to a person or a group of persons; the Royal colonies, those controlled directly by the King of England and the English Government; and self-governing colonies, which were ruled by the colonists living in them. Most of the proprietary colonies soon became Royal ones. Only Connecticut and Rhode Island were self-governing colonies.Society in the 13 British colonies was like a pyramid, the top of which was made up of foreign merchants and landlords, and the base refugees from Europe, black slaves from Africa and the American Indians. The Africans were out-and-out slaves, who were sold like animals. As for the Indians, they would not put up with slavery. If any Indian was enslaved, his fellow tribe members would fight to free him. So the colonists soon gave up the attempt to use them as slave labor. Instead they seized the land of the Indians and drove them away or killed them. Slaves, indentured servants and workers who found themselves unable to bear their conditions used to run away to the frontier where they cleared the forests and opened up farms of their own. Uprisings or rebellions often took place against the Royal Government of the colonies.2. War of independence1) Britain’s policy t oward American colonies1763 Royal Order, forbidding the colonists to buy any more land from the Indians in the west beyond a certain line, and vesting in the Crown the sole power to hold and dispose of such lands.1764 Sugar Act, imposing import duties on non-English goods to the American colonies in order to raise more money for supporting British Government in the colonies.1764 Currency Act, forbidding the colonies to issue paper money.1765 Stamp Act, taxing numerous articles and transactions in America to help pay the costs of British Government in the colonies.1765 Quartering Act, requiring colonists to help house and feed British regular troops stationed in the colonies.1766 Declaratory Act, asserting the supremacy of the British Parliament in making laws for the colonies.1767 Customs Collecting Act, establishing British commissioners in the colonies to collect customs and other duties.1767 Revenue Act, laying taxes on lead, paint and other articles imported into the colonies.1767 Tea Act, regulating importation of tea in British dominions in America in favor of the British East India Company.2) Unity of the coloniesThe contradiction between England and her 13 colonies became more acute, and the colonies began to unite.In September 1774, 55 representatives from all the colonies except Georgia held a meeting in Philadelphia to talk about their troubles with their mother country. The meeting was called the First Continental Congress. At the meeting the majority of representatives still thought they could settle their quarrel with the British by peaceful means. They agreed to refuse to buy British goods, hoping in this way to force the British Government to give in to their demands. They also agreed to raise a volunteer army to protect the colonies if Britain used force to break the boycott.3) The outbreak of war and the Declaration of IndependenceIt was here in Lexington that the first shot in the American War of Independence was fired.Immediately after this, in May 1775, the Second Continental Congress was held with representatives from all the 13 colonies.At the beginning of 1776, Thomas Paine, an American patriot published a pamphlet entitled Common Sense. Finally a committee, composed of Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, John Adams and some other members, was appointed to draw up a Declaration of Independence. After three weeks of discussion, the committee prepared the famous document which was formally adopted on July 4, 1776, a day which has been celebrated each year as Independence Day or National Day in US.4)Progress of the warThe War of Independence started in 1775 and ended in 1783, lasting about eight years.The war did not go well for Americans at first who suffered repeated setback. It was under such unfavorable circumstances that George Washington, with his intelligence and determination, won a great victory in the battle of Trenton.The victory at Saratoga was the turning point of the war. But then the American army was still not strong enough to beat the British; it won some battles but lost others. Finally in 1781, the Americans, with the help of the French navy, won a decisive victory at Yorktown in Virginia.5) The significance of the warThe American War of Independence was of great historical importance and influence. A new republic emerged, which marked a new beginning of American history. It told the world that a just cause would sooner or later win while the evil cause would certainly lose. The victory of the American people also greatly encouraged the people in the colonies ruled by the Spanish andpromoted the national liberation struggle of the other colonies in the world.5)The Constitutional ConventionBefore and during the Independent War, US had not been named yet, but near the end of the war, a committee was appointed to draw up a constitution which was to stipulate how US should be governed. It resulted in the Articles of the Confederation and in 1781 it was accepted by all the states. Thus US were officially founded.But the Articles of the Confederation gave too little power to the central government, so a series of attempts to organize a movement to outline and press reforms culminated in the Congress calling the Philadelphia Convention in 1787.After many heated debates and countless compromises, the delegates found a satisfactory solution. Congress should be made up of two houses, a House of Representatives and a Senate. The big states had more members in the House of Representatives than the small ones, but all states had the same number in the Senate. Finally, the Constitution took its shape and won its ratification in 1788.The appearance of the American Constitution was a great event in American history. It established the federal system which was the first in the world at that time, making the birth of US possible.3. Westward expansion era1) The new government and Louisiana PurchaseAfter the Constitution was ratified by the states, the nation began to organize her first Federal Government. As had been expected, Washington was elected the first President of US by a unanimous vote which has never happened again in this country.Washington’s Administration achieved much success. His vice president John Adams succeeded him in presidency. Adams was a member of the Federalist Party. However, the Federalists became divided after Adams sent a peace mission to France despite ongoing disputes with that nation. Thomas Jefferson, a Democratic-Republican, defeated Adams for the presidency in the 1800 election.The most glorious achievement of Jefferson as President was the Louisiana Purchase. The Louisiana Purchase, in 1803, gave western farmers use of the important Mississippi River waterway, removed the French presence from the western border of US, provided US farmers with vast expanses of land, and furthered American leaders’vision of creating a “Great Nation”. 2) The war against England (1812-1814)Britain was not reconciled to the loss of their 13 colonies. British warships were often placed outside American harbors to keep a watch on shipping that came and went. Congress, therefore, had to declare war against British in June, 1812.The war continued for about three years without decisive victory for either side. Then both sides agreed to negotiate a peace settlement and signed the Peace Treaty of Ghent on the Christmas Eve of 1814. The War of 1812 had been called the Second War of Independence, which not only greatly influenced the American history, but also promoted the development of economy. It was only after this war that US completely got rid of the British control and began a new period of rapid development from a semi-colonial economy to an independent and self-reliant capitalist economy.3) American expansion①The territorial expansionIn 1845, US annexed the Mexican territory of Texas after the US settlers there had first formed an “independent government” with Washington’s support. Further US provocations on the border resulted in the Mexican-US War (1846-1848). In consequence of the Mexican War, US added to itself a territory of approximately 2,446,000 square kilometers, embracing the present state of Texas, California, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, Colorado, and part of Wyoming.In the same year, US forced England to cede the Oregon region, which includes the present states of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, and part of Montana and Wyoming.In 1867, US purchased from Czarist Russia the territory of Alaska and the off-lying Aleutian Islands for $ 7.2 million. This territory is twice as large as the original 13 colonies.By the middle of 19th century, the national territory of US had reached over nine million sq km, about 10 times the size of the total area of the original 13 colonies.②The economic expansionAfter the War of Independence the American national economy was growing rapidly. Its industrial revolution began in 1807 with its textile industry. New equipment and technology were introduced from Europe, and modern industries were established. Its total value of the industrial production in 1860 was increased by about 10 times that of 1810.In the 1820s there came a flood of new immigrants from Europe to US because labor was needed with the rapid development of industry in America and most European countries were ina very bad state.③Economic antagonism between North and SouthIn the north, the capitalist economy developed rapidly and industrial production advanced at an amazing speed. The output value of manufacture increased almost three times from 1840 to 1869. Coal and iron production were greatly increased. Transportation was also improved. Many canals were dug and thousands of miles of railways were built. All this stimulated the further development of industry. By 1860, American industry had ranked fourth in the world.The South was agricultural and had a large number of plantations, which were making huge profits out of tobacco and cotton with slave labor. The South insisted that slavery be kept, and furthermore, that more states in the Union be turned into slave states. Meanwhile the South exported each year plenty of cotton to England and Europe and imported a large quantity of manufactured goods from abroad. So the southerners wished to have a low tariff, as a high tariff would raise the prices of imported goods. On the contrary, the North had a different view. The northern industrialists wanted a high tariff to protect the industries in the North.4. The American civil war1) Causes of the warBy 1860, there were nearly four million slaves residing in US, nearly eight times as many from 1790; within the same period, cotton production in US boomed from less than 1,000 tons to nearly one million tons per year. There were some slave rebellions, including by Gabriel Prosser (1800), Denmark Vesey (1822), and Nat Turner (1831), but they all failed and led totighter slave oversight in the South. White abolitionist John Brown tried and failed to free a group of black slaves in Harpers Ferry, Virginia and was therefore executed for his actions. Harriet Beecher Stowe, daughter of Minister Lyman Beecher, published her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin in 1852 in response to the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act. The novel intended to express her views of the cruelty of slavery and nearly 300,000 copies were sold during its first year of publication. Numerous slaves also escaped their masters through the Underground Railroad, a term defining secret routes where abolitionists confidentially transported runaway slaves to “free state” territory; its most famous leader was Harriet Tubman.2) Progress of the warThe Civil War began when Confederate General Pierre Beauregard opened fire upon Fort Sumter, in the Confederate State of South Carolina. The war lasted four years from 1861 to 1865.In material resources, the North enjoyed a decided advantage. Strong as the North was, the South also had advantages, most of them military.There were two main arenas of war, the Eastern Arena and the Western Arena. The basic battleground for the Eastern Arena was Virginia. The Western Arena included the areas west to the Appalachian Range and the Mississippi River area.In order to change the situation and win the war, several measures were taken by Lincoln’s Administration in 1862: (1) in May 1862, Congress passed the Homestead Act; (2) on September 22, 1862, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation; (3) black slaves were allowed to serve in the Union Army from August 1862.3) The significance of the warThe Civil War is of great significance in American history, which preserved the Union and solved the agrarian problem.The Civil War, in fact, was a struggle of life and death between two social systems, between the progressive and the backward, between the one that could push history forward and the one that would drag history to the old times.The Civil War also extended its far-reaching influence to the European revolutions.5. The US imperialism and WWI1) Formation of US imperialism①IndustrializationThe period from the Civil War to the beginning of the 20th century was a period of rapid industrial growth and urban development. Towards the end of 19th century US had already become a highly developed capitalist country and reached the stage of imperialism.②Concentration of capitalThe rapid concentration of capital was also accelerated after the Civil War. The small and medium enterprises were swallowed up by the bigger ones. Big monopolies first appeared in the heavy industries.③Working-class movementA rising working-class movement accompanied the growth of monopoly capital. The first labor organization came into being in the 1870s. Strikes often took place in the industrial cities in those days.The Pennsylvania railway workers’ strike of 1877 was the first large-scale struggle of its kindin the American history. On May 1, 1886, hundreds of thousands of workers went on simultaneous strikes in Chicago, Washington, New York and other large cities. They fought for an eight-hour working day, higher wages and better working conditions. Two days later, the police opened fire on the strikers at Chicago’s Haymarket, inflicting many casualties.④Overseas expansionWith the emergence of industrial America came the emergence of imperial US and US as a world power. The growing industrial might of the nation was reflected clearly in the US mad policy of aggression and expansion abroad.●US-Spanish warThe US-Spanish War broke out in April, 1898, lasted for only 70 days and ended with US as the victor. A peace treaty was signed in December 1898 in Paris. As a result of the war, Spain was forced to cede her former colonies Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines to US; US agreed to pay 20 million dollars for them in an attempt to put a good face on its foreign expansion. Cuba remained a US “protectorate”for some years, while the Philippines were not granted its independence until after the end of WWI. US seized Hawaii from Spain after the US-Spanish War.●Theodore Roosevelt’s policyBy the early years of 20th century, Theodore Roosevelt who became President in 1901 carried out the aggressive policy in a most faithful and open manner. Wielding the Big Stick in the name of Monroe Doctrine, he carried out the policy in Latin America and brought most of the Caribbean countries under US control. During Theodore Roosevelt’s Administration, he got the control of Panama Canal. In Sino-American relations, Theodore Roosevelt pushed the so-called Open Door Policy which demanded that all the imperialist powers should enjoy equal chance in China as freely as other aggressors. In 1900, America joined the Eight-Power Alliance to suppress the anti-imperialist Boxers Movement of the Chinese people. They forced the Qing Government to sign another unequal treaty in 1901 and to pay a large sum of money by way of indemnity. America got from the spoils its dividend of the 24 million dollars. In 1906, US put down the Cuban uprising. All those showed that US was exercising a policy of domination.2)America in WWIWWI took place primarily in Europe between 1914 and 1918. It came as an inevitable explosion of the major contradictions racking the capitalist world. The war was waged between two groups of imperialist powers, Allies and the Central European Power. The Allies or the Entente consisted of England, France, Russia, US and other countries. The central European Powers consisted of Germany, Austria Hungary, and later Turkey and Bulgaria. The basic causes of the war lay in the political, economic and colonial rivalries of the great powers, stretching back into the late 19th century.①American diplomacy of neutralitySince the beginning of WWI in 1914, US, under President Woodrow Wilson, had maintained strict neutrality. Even in May 1915, when a German submarine sank the British ocean liner Lusitania, killing 128 US citizens out of total 1,200 dead, US, though in uproar, remained neutral. In 1916, Wilson was reelected after running largely on a platform of antiwar, pro-neutrality rhetoric.②America’s entrance into the warThere might be a number of factors which contributed to America’s entrance into the war.。
介绍美国英文演讲稿
介绍美国英文演讲稿篇一：介绍美国英文演讲稿篇一：美国文化之节日介绍演讲稿(英文版)the american heritage festival1. united states is a cultural powers. short but rich history and unique it makes for an ethnic melting pot, and bring together theworlds culture. if the thought of this huge social and human treasures of get in, we may wish to take a short cut, that is, on his holiday to be a general understanding of the culture, because it is a microcosm of the festival.2. day(情人节情人节)(february valentines day(情人节)(february 14)1, halloween is the traditional festival of the west. halloween, namely 31 october night, children enjoy a good time to play. as night fell, the children put on colorful costume, and wore a mask of all sorts, put on a pumpkin lampran out to with parity, the demons were dressed up as children of mobile pumpkin lamp, ranto a neighbors door, intimidation, like shouting: to trick or treat and give money or to eat. if the adults do not have to change for the hospitality they candy, and those naughty boy just talk the talk: well, youre not playing entertaining, i you.4. november 4th thursday is thanksgiving. on thanksgiving day, the united states the whole fun, people follow the customs of the prayer of thanksgiving to the church, and rural towns are nearby, theatrical performances or sporting events, etc. continues for another year of relatives will return from many, one family luck, taste the delicious thanksgiving turkey.christmas is the most typical christmas tree decorations, people in a small fir or pine filled with gifts and lantern, the top of the tree with a big star.篇二：美国文化演讲稿,英文版presentationi’m glad to show you mine presentation today. and now let’s see some pictures. what are they maybe you’ll say “ads”. but do you see the slogans on them just as this one “obey your thirst”.advertisements give latest information about products. but some people think that advertisements don’t give much information but only try to persuade customers to buy. may be what mentioned above is the citizens’ view about advertisement.so, what i want to say is that we can pay more attention on advertising slogans, and some of them give us some inspiration.we might as well take a look.first i want to share my favorite slogan with you. it’s the slogan of the hennessy. “to me, the past is black and white, but the future is always color.” just as the slogan said, i hold the view that a person can’t be always lost in the past, and no matter how happy or terrible the past is, the future is worthy to be expected. this slogan gives a clear picture of the life that every successful person who want to realize the dream.besides, there’s another slogan, “start ahead”.i believe that most of us are familiar with its chinese meaning “成功之路，从头开始”. iargue that whereverwe go and whatever we meet, this sentence is full of power and wisdom.the other one is the slogan of canon. as it said, “impossible made possible.” whenwe are in case of emergency or we meet difficulties at the critical stage of our life, it’s a good choice for us to use the slogan for encouragement.there’re also many slogans which deserve to be thought about. for example, “intelligence everywhere,”“the relentless pursuit of perfection,” and the most famous one “just do it”.maybe we’ll forget them after the first time we heard them or maybe we could seldom remember them unless in a special situation. in my opinion, since we have so many excellent advertising slogans, we have every reason to make full use of the social resources.in other words, after we enjoy the happiness and know about the introduction of the products, we should take in the wisdom and the truth which behind them. thank you, it’s all my presentation.篇三：美国经典英文演讲100篇美国经典英文演讲100篇您的位置：首页 > 英语口语 > 美国经典英文演讲100篇美国经典英文演讲100篇，附mp3和英文演讲稿！美国经典英文演讲100篇：oklahoma bombing memorial addressXX-04-04thank you very much, governor keating and mrs. keating, reverend graham, to the families of those who have been lost and wounded, to the people of oklahoma city, who have endured so much, and the people of this wonderful state, to all of you who are here as our fellow americans.美国经典英文演讲100篇：brandenburg gate addressXX-04-03美国经典英文演讲100篇：message to the grass rootsXX-04-03so we are all black people, so-called negroes, second-classcitizens, ex-slaves. you are nothing but a [sic] ex-slave. you dont like to be told that. but what elseare you you are ex-slaves. 美国经典英文演讲100篇：address on taking the oath of officeXX-04-02 the oath that i have taken is the same oath that was taken by george washington and by every president under the constitution. but i assume the presidency under extraordinary circumstances never before experienced by americans. this is an hour of history that troubles our minds and hurts our hearts.美国经典英文演讲100篇：a crisis of confidenceXX-04-02this a special night for me. exactly three years ago, on july 15, 1976, i accepted the nomination of my party to run for president of the united states. i promised you a president who is not isolated from the people, who feels your pain, and who shares your dreams, and who draws his strength and his wisdom from you.美国经典英文演讲100篇：on vietnam and not seeking re-electionXX-04-01tonight i want to speak to you of peace in vietnam and southeast asia. no other question so preoccupiesour people. no other dream so absorbs the 250 million human beings who live in that part of the world. no other goal motivates american policy in southeast asia.美国经典英文演讲100篇：statement to the senate judiciary...XX-04-01my name is anita f. hill, and i am a professor of law at theuniversity of oklahoma. i was born on a farm in okmulgee county, oklahoma, in 1956. i am the youngest of 13 children. i had my earlyeducation in okmulgee county. my father, albert hill, is a farmer in that area. my mothers name is irma hill. she is also afarmer and a housewife.美国经典英文演讲100篇：television and the public interestXX-03-31governor collins, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen. governor collins youre much too kind, as all of you have been to me the last few days. its been a great pleasure and an honor for me to meet so many of you. and i want to thank you for this opportunity tomeet with you today.美国经典英文演讲100篇：eulogy for robert francis kennedyXX-03-31on behalf of mrs. kennedy, her children, the parents and sisters of robert kennedy, i want to express what we feel to those who mourn with us today in this cathedral and around the world.美国经典英文演讲100篇：black powerXX-03-30thank you very much. it’s a privilege and an honor to be in the white intellectual ghetto of the west. we wanted to do a couple of things before we started. 美国经典英文演讲100篇：chappaquiddickXX-03-30 on the weekend of july 18, i was on marthas vineyard island美国经典英文演讲100篇：religious belief and public moralityXX-03-29the catholic churchs actions with respect to the interplay of religious values and public policy make clear that there is no inflexible moral principle which determines what our political conduct should be.美国经典英文演讲100篇：presidential nomination acceptance..XX-03-29i have not sought the honor you have done me. i could not seek it, because i aspired to another office, which was the full measure of my ambition, and one does not treat the highest office within the gift of the people of illinois as an alternative or as a consolation prize.《美国经典英文演讲100篇》音频打包下载XX-03-28美国经典英文演讲100篇：vice-presidential nomination...XX-03-28my heart is filled with pride. my fellow citizens, i proudly accept your nomination for vice president of the united states.美国经典英文演讲100篇：the marshall planXX-03-28 美国经典英文演讲100篇：the great societyXX-03-27 how do i document that case seven years later, the richest 1 percent of our society pays 20 percent less in taxes. the poorest 10 percent pay 20 percent more: reaganomics. 美国经典英文演讲100篇：1988 dnc address(上)XX-03-26tonight, we pause and give praise and honor to god for being good enough to allow us to be at this place at this time. when i look out at this convention, i see the face of america: red, yellow, brown, black and white. we are all precious in gods sight -- the real rainbow coalition.美国经典英文演讲100篇：a whisper of aidsXX-03-25incidentally, that he spent weeks in the preparation of -- his words and policies were subjected to instant analysis and querulous criticism.美国经典英文演讲100篇：civil rights addressXX-03-24upon receiving the first preliminary hard information of this nature last tuesday morning at 9 , i directed that ourthank you very, very much, president keohane. mrs. gorbachev, trustees, faculty,parents, and i should say, julia porter, class president, and certainly my new best friend, christine bicknell -- and, of course, the class of 1990. i amreally thrilled to be here today, and very excited, as i know all of you must be, that mrs. gorbachev could join us.篇二：介绍美国文化的英语演讲稿the american heritage festival1. united states is a cultural powers. short but rich history and unique itmakes for an ethnic melting pot, and bring together the worlds culture. if the thought of this huge social and human treasures of getin, we may wish to take a short cut, that is, on his holiday to be a generalunderstanding of the culture, because it is a microcosm of the festival.2. day(情人节情人节)(february valentines day(情人节)(february 14)(the first sunday after the first full moon following1, halloween is the traditional festival of the west. halloween,namely 31 october night, children enjoy a good time to play. as night fell, thechildren put on colorful costume, and wore a mask of all sorts, put on a pumpkinlamp ran out to with parity, the demons were dressed up as children ofmobile pumpkin lamp, ran to a neighbors door, intimidation, like shouting: to trickor treat and give money or to eat. if the adults do not have to change for thehospitality they candy, and those naughty boy just talk the talk: well, youre notplaying entertaining, i you.4. november 4th thursday is thanksgiving. on thanksgiving day, the united statesthe whole fun, people follow the customs of the prayer of thanksgiving to the church,and rural towns are nearby, theatrical performances or sporting events, etc.continues for another year of relatives will return from many, one family luck, tastethe delicious thanksgiving turkey. team growing, they sung from the houses, joyful atmosphere continue to increase,and often continue until is the most typical christmas tree decorations, people in a small fir or pine filled with gifts and lantern, the top of the tree with a big star.篇二：美国文化演讲稿,英文版 presentationi’m glad to show you mine presentation today. and now let’s see some pictures.what are they maybe you’ll say “ads”. but do you see the slogans on them justas this one “obey your thirst”. advertisements give latest information about products. but some people think thatadvertisements don’t give much information but only try to persuade customers tobuy. may be what mentioned above is the citizens’view about advertisement. so, what i want to say is that we can pay more attention on advertising slogans, and some of them give us some inspiration. we might as well take a look. first i want to share my favorite slogan with you. it’s the slogan of the hennessy.“to me, the past is black and white, but the future is always color.” just as theslogan said, i hold the view that a person can’t be always lost in the past, andno matter how happy or terrible the past is, the future is worthy to be expected.this slogan gives a clear picture of the life that every successful person who wantto realize the dream.besides, there’s another slogan, “start ahead”.i believe that most of us arefamiliar with its chinese meaning “成功之路，从头开始”. iargue that wherever we go and whatever we meet, this sentence is full of powerand wisdom.the other one is the slogan of canon. as it said, “impossible made possible.”when we are in case of emergency or we meet difficulties at the critical stage ofour life, it’s a good choice for us to use the slogan for encouragement. there’re also many slogans which deserve to be thought about. for example,“intelligence everywhere,”“the relentless pursuit of perfection,” and the mostfamous one “just do it”.maybe we’ll forget them after the first time we heard them or maybe we could seldom remember them unless in a special situation. in my opinion, since we have somany excellent advertising slogans, we have every reason to make full use of the socialresources.in other words, after we enjoy the happiness and know about the introduction ofthe products, we should take in the wisdom and the truth which behind them. thank you, it’s all my presentation.篇三：关于中国文化的英语演讲关于中国文化的英语演讲众所周知，功夫熊猫2所示最近，很快成为中国的热门话题。
中西文化差异小故事
中西文化差异小故事第一幕：一位学校领导向教师们介绍新来的美国老师Ladies and gentlemen, I’m delighted to introduce to you a very pretty girl, Miss Brown. She is a very good teacher from the USA.对这番话，美国女教师一脸难堪的样子。
文化差异：中国人介绍来宾，喜欢用褒扬的话语言辞。
但美国人认为，初次结识，相互介绍，不必评头论足。
凡是主观性的评论，尽管是美言，也会给人唐突、强加的感觉。
对以上那番话，美国女教师感到难堪的是pretty和good两个词。
在那种场合，介绍应该突出被介绍人的身份、学历、职务等，而不应该是外貌和抽象的评论。
相比之下，如果把pretty和good改成实际教育背景和经历，这样的介绍句比较客观，令人容易接受。
比较下面改变措辞的介绍：Ladies and gentlemen, I’m delighted to introduce to you a new teacher from the USA., Miss Ann Brown. She is a doctor of American Literature with experience of teaching English as a Foreign Language.特别忠告：介绍客人要介绍客观事实，不要主观评论。
要注重身份，不要着眼外貌。
第二幕：一位美国同事感冒了，中国同事表示关心Chinese: You look pale. What’s the matter?American: I’m feeling sick. A cold, maybe.Chinese: Go and see the doctor. Drink more water. Did you take any pills? Chinese medicine works wonderful. Would you like to try? Put on more clothes. Have a good rest.American: You are not my mother, are you?文化差异：美国人比较看中个人的独立性。
体验文化教学法
体验文化教学法Performance体验文化教学法学习手记：（美国）虞莉美国中文教师学会发源地俄亥俄州立大学东亚语言文学系，十多年来探索出了一套独特的体验文化教学法（PerformedCultureApproach），在美国中文教学领域引起不小的语教学领域变得几乎水火不容，在汉语教学界更是形成两大彼此对峙的阵营。
其实各种教学法各有长处，实在没有必要各立门户、一争雌雄。
每一位有经验的语言教师都能汲各种教学法的长处，针对学生的特殊情况及不同语言教学项目的宗旨来调整教学策略，形成自己的教学风格。
本文并不介绍体验文化教学法的整个理论体系，而是从一个教学法学习者和实践者的角度，对体验文化教学法中的关键概念performance作一些初步的阐发，也对其在实际教学及教师培训模式中的体现作一些述评。
震动。
该方法在理论上主张扩展传统外语教学意义上对文化的定义，将行为文化的教学①融于语言教学中。
在实践上（包括课程设计、教材设计和教法设计方面），该方法结合lingualapproach）和交际功了听说法（Audio－能法（Communicativeapproach）的长处，兼顾语言结构使用的正确性（accuracy）和交际功能的畅通性（fluency）。
体验文化教学法的教学目标是让学习者能在目的语文化环境中得体、自如地运用目的语同目的语国家的人交流，所以在教材及课堂中为学习者创造目的语文化语境，让学生学习并熟练运用目的语的结构及功能。
虽然已经有十多年的历史，体验文化教学法还是比较年轻的一种教学理论。
跟所有的外语教学法一样，其理论体系及实践仍然处于不断完善与发展之中。
对其中的新理念、新思维，即使是美国汉语教学的很多圈中人都会产生误解。
由于其教学实践中有很多类似听说法和交际功能法的课堂活动技巧，比如对话背诵和角色扮演等形式，常常让一些不明就里的外语教师将它草率地归入听说法或交际功能法的一种。
使问题更为复杂的80年代中期成熟是，在美国70年代末兴起、Performance的多重内涵一、90年代中期中国大陆的对外汉语教学法研究还刚起步，而美国在教学法研究上却非常兴盛，特别是俄亥俄州立大学的东亚系已经设立了全美惟一的汉语教学法博士点。
美国文学史名词解释
1、t h e L o s t G e n e r a t i o n In general, the post-World War I generation, but specifically a group of U.S. writers who came of age during the war and established their literary reputations in the 1920s. The term stems from a remark made by Gertrude Stein to Ernest Hemingway, “You are all a lost generation.” Hemingway used it as an epigraph to The Sun Also Rises (1926). The generation was “lost” in the sense that its inherited values were no longer relevant in the postwar world and because of its spiritual alienation from a U.S. that, b asking under President Harding's “back to normalcy” policy, seemed to its members to be hopelessly provincial, materialistic, and emotionally barren. The term embraces Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, John Dos Passos, e.e. cummings and many other writers who made Paris the centre of their literary activities in the '20s. They were never a literary school. In the 1930s, as these writers turned in different directions, their works lost the distinctive stamp of the postwar period. The last representative works of the era were Fitzgerald's TenderLost generationThe lost generation is a term first used by Stein to describe the post-war I generation of American writers: men and women haunted by a sense of betrayal and emptiness brought about by the destructiveness of the war.2>full of youthful idealism, these individuals sought the meaning of life, drank excessively, had love affairs and created some of the finest American literature to date.3>the three best-known representatives of lost generation are F.Scott Fitzgerald, Hemingway and John dos Passos.Lost generationThe Lost Generation is a group of expatriate American writers residing primarily in Paris during the 1920s and 1930s. The group was given its name by the American writer Gertrude Stein, who used “a lost generation” to refer to expatriate Americans bitter about their World War I experiences and disillusioned with American society. Hemingway later used the phrase as an epigraph for his novel The Sun Also Rises. It consisted of many influential American writers, including Ernest Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, William Carlos Williams and Archibald MacLeish.2、Iceberg TheoryIt is a term used to describe the writing style of American writer Ernest Hemingway. The meaning of a piece is not immediately evident, because the crux of the story lies below the surface, just as most of the mass of a real iceberg similarly lies beneath the surface.Iceberg TheoryErnest Hemingway’s “iceberg theory” suggest s that the writer include in the text only a small portion of what he knows, leaving about ninety percent of the content a mystery that grows beneath the surface of the writing. If a writer of prose knows enough about what he is writing about he may omit things that will have a feeling of those things as strongly as though the writer had stated them. The dignity of movement of an iceberg is due to only one-eighth of it being above water. A good writer does not need to reveal every detail of a character or actionThere is seven-eighths of it under water for every part that shows. Anything you knowyou can eliminate and it only strengthens your iceberg. It is the part that doesn’t show. (1938)（PPT）3、Code heroThe Hemingway hero is an average man of decidedly masculine tastes, sensitive and intelligent, a man of action, and one of few words. That is an individualist keeping emotions under control, stoic and self-disciplined in a dreadful place. These people are usually spiritual strong, people of certain skills, and most of them encounter death many times. The heroes in his book are all have something in common which Hemingway values: they have seen the cold world and for one cause or another, they boldly and courageously face the reality; whatever the result is, they are ready to live with grace under pressure. The Hemingway code hero has an indestructible spirit for his optimistic view of life, though he is pessimistic that is Hemingway.4、Stream?of?consciousness?The?continuous?flow?of?sense-perceptions,?thoughts,?feelings,?and?memories?in?th e?human?mind:?or?a?literary?method?of?representing?such?a?blending?of?mental?p rocesses?infictional?characters,?usually?in?an?unpunctuated?or?disjoint?form?of?int erior?monologue.注：sense-perceptions：认知，观念?blending：混合物?unpunctuated:未加标点的?Disjoint：脱节5、ImagismA poetic movement of England and the U.S. that flourished from 1909 to 1917. The movement insists on the creation of images in poetry by “the direct treatment of the thing” and the economy of wording. “poetic techniques to record exactly the momentary impressions”The leaders of this movement were Ezra Pound and Amy Lowell.Three main principles of the Imagist Movement (1912) :[1] direct treatment of poetic subjects[2] elimination of merely ornamental or superfluous words, to use no word that does not contribute to the presentation.[3] rhythmical composition in the sequence of the musical phrase rather than in the sequence of a metronome.[4]pound’s In a Station of the M etro is a well-known poem.Major features:--- it was one of the most essential technique of writing poetry in modern period.--- with a spirit of revolt against conventions, imagism was anti—romantic and anti-victorian--- In a sense, imagism was equivalent to naturalism in fiction--- it produced free verse without imposing a rhythmical pattern.--- Imagism tried to record objective observations of an object or a situation without interpretation or comment by the poet.--- it produced free verse without imposing a rhythmical pattern.--- Imagism tried to record objective observations of an object or a situation without interpretation or comment by the poet.The most outstanding figures:Ezra Pound Amy Lowell Hilda DoolittleThe form of free verse (Ezra Loomis Pound)影响its influence1)the imagist theories call for brief language, describing the precise picture in as few words as possible. This new way of poetry composition has a lasting influence in the 20th century poetry.2)the second lasting influence of Imagism is the form of free verse. There are no metrical rules. There are apparent indiscriminate line breaks, which reflects the discontinuity of life itself. That is art of the poem. The poet uses the length of the lines and the strange groupings of words to show how life itself can be broken up into somehow meaningless clusters6、ModernismModern writing is marked by a strong and conscious break with traditional forms and techniques of expression; it believes that we create the world in the act of perceiving it. Modernism implies historical discontinuity, a sense of alienation, of loss, and of despair. It elevates the individual and his inner being over social man and prefers the unconscious to the self-conscious.Modernism（来自老师的PPT)A general term applied retrospectively to the wide range of experimental and avant-garde trends in the literature and other arts of the early 20th century, including Symbolism, Futurism, Expressionism, Imagism, V orticism, Dada, and Surrealism, along with the innovations of unaffiliated writers.7、The Harlem RenaissanceThe Harlem Renaissance, a flowering of literature (and to a lesser extent other arts) in New York City during the 1920s and 1930s, has long been considered by many to be the high point in African American writing. It probably had its foundation in the works of W.E. B. Du Bois who believed that an educated Black elite should lead Blacks to liberation. He further believed that his people could not achieve social equality by emulating white ideals; that equality could be achieved only by teaching Black racial pride with an emphasis on an African cultural heritage. Although the Renaissance was not a school, nor did the writers associated with it share a common purpose, nevertheless they had a common bond: they dealt with Black life from a Black perspective. Among the major writers who are usually viewed as part of the Harlem Renaissance are Claude McKay, Countee Cullen, Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston, Rudolph Fisher, James Weldon Johnson, and Jean Toomer.Harlem Renaissance主要作品：The Weary Blues, The Dream keeper and Other Poems, Fine Clothes to the Jew8、Postmodernism(From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia)Postmodernism is a term which describes the postmodernist movement in the arts, its set of cultural tendencies and associated cultural movements. It is in general the era that follows Modernism.It frequently serves as an ambiguous overarching term forskeptical interpretations of culture, literature, art, philosophy, economics,architecture, fiction, and literary criticism. It is often associated with deconstruction and post-structuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentieth-century post-structural thought.后现代主义是一个术语，它描述了后现代主义运动在艺术，文化倾向和相关的文化运动。
美式思维
2014年的考研英语进入冲刺复习阶段，考生们需要在冲刺复习的同时学会重点复习，英语阅读是考研英语的“半壁江山”，在复习阅读时考生们要学会逐渐培养自己的美式阅读思维从而培养语感，提高阅读理解的做题正确率。
西方人更注重个性，喜欢追求新颖的观点，也许这种新奇的观点特别的荒谬，但西方人愿意花心思来证明自己的观点，也许这种证明很荒谬，但在他们的文化中，这就是主流文化。
在东方文化中，我们讲大局与传统，另类的东西往往受到排斥，所以一些非主流往往遭到大家的抵触。
因而我们在考研阅读中碰到怪异的主题和荒诞的观点，大家不要先入为主的排斥，作者的观点应被临时当作“真理”，大家也做做非主流吧。
在考研阅读开始，我们要强调一种严谨的思维方式，这种思维方式不同于中国文章的意识流，也不同于散文的形散神不散。
西方思维必会保持文章形体的逻辑性，每句与上下文都会存在逻辑上的联系，或总分、或主次、或并列。
近年考研阅读多为议论文，一些常用的论证方式大家也需了然于胸。
于是在我们的考试中，碰到需要结合上下文的问题，就需通过这种逻辑迅速做出判断，也许有人认为做这种判断多此一举，但在实战中逻辑确实对答题有很大的帮助。
这里以一道历年考研真题为例：问文中一段提到印度富人的某问题的一个例子为了说明什么？例子句式复杂，看了许久还是很费解，但通过逻辑判断可得例子是为了例证上文中的一个观点。
于是令人费解的例子不用看，直接定位观点，答案得出，节省了时间，也可提升正确率。
重理求真和重智求善分别是西方文化和东方文化的本质追求。
西方文化强调没有主观介入之前的物性本原，而东方文化则侧重经过主观梳理的客观事物的表现，这是东西方对于事物认识的差异。
我们阅读英文的时候最好先把脑袋清空，因为咱们东方人会不自觉的将生活中的经验和一些常识加入到文章中成为作者的观点。
其实干扰答案的拟定经常会以此为依据，混淆概念。
不注意这点就会很轻易的掉入到出题人设计的陷阱之中。
这种陷阱往往会出现在同义句替换的问题中。