2021年新高考英语 阅读理解之议论文(江苏专用) 解析Word版
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2021年新高考英语阅读理解（江苏专用） 解析版
议论文 考前押题
一、阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
As a high school student, I learned this the hard way last year, when a student I didn't expect to bested me on the math PSAT. He soon admitted the secret to his success: the CAS calculator. He made clear that the CAS was able to solve all of his SAT equations (方程式). He claimed all he needed was his knowledge of seventh-grade math and the calculator did the rest.
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It's unfair to allow such an incredibly helpful advanced calculator unless every student has access to it.(除非每个学生都能使用，否则允许使用如此有用的高级计算器是不公平的)”可知，作者觉得学生使用CAS计算器不公平，是因为不是每个学生都能在SAT中使用一个CAS计算器。故选A项。
1．The example of a student doing better than the writer in the math PSAT is used to________.
A．introduce the topic
B．compare their math achievements
C．show the writer's envy
4．主旨大意题。结合最后一段中“The simplest solution would be to leave out the math section that allows calculator use or permit test-takers to use only the most basic calculators, provided by the College Board.(最简单的解决办法是跳过允许使用计算器的数学部分，或者只允许考生使用由College Board提供的最基本的计算器)”可知，本文通过在数学PSAT中，一个学生比作者做得好的例子来引出主题：考试中学生是否可以使用计算器。作者列举了使用计算器的弊端，呼吁禁止使用计算器。C项“呼吁禁止使用计算器”适合作为文章标题。故选C项。
B
For today’s increasingly interconnected food supply chains, “efficient” is what it’s supposed to be: Each country specializes in what it’s best, at and puts it on the global market. Producers and processors within countries specialize, too, as a way to minimize costs. As a result, at least in theory, prices stay low, the world gets fed and everyone wins.
If all students had access to a better calculator, how many could improve their test scores enough to get into their dream school? How many students get into better schools because of this privilege hack? It isn't right and shouldn't stand.
However, the coronavirus crisis demonstrates what is wrong with this approach. When barriers prevent food from reaching its markets, or demand suddenly drops — both of which are happening now — the system falls apart.
3．What's the College Board's attitude towards banning the CAS calculators?
A．Favorable.
B．Disapproving.
C．Ambiguous.
D．Cautious.
4．What's the best title of the passage?
The simplest solution w来自百度文库uld be to leave out the math section that allows calculator use or permit test-takers to use only the most basic calculators, provided by the College Board. The equation for fairness is simple: You know it when you see it, and this calculator inequity (不公) isn't it.
From experience, I know it isn't that simple. A fancy calculator that costs about＄150 is not that useful if you don't understand what the question is asking. But it does feel like cheating. Aside from being financially out of reach of many students，CAS calculators have the potential to misrepresent math ability and problem-solving skills.
1．推理判断题。第一段中“As a high school student, I learned this the hard way last year, when a student I didn't expect to bested me on the math PSAT. He soon admitted the secret to his success: the CAS calculator.”提到，作为一名高中学生，我去年学到了这一点，当时有个学生，我没有想到会在PSAT数学考试中打败我。他很快承认了自己成功的秘诀：CAS计算器。作者在下文讨论了考试中是否应该使用计算器，由此可知，作者提到这个例子是为了介绍主题。故选A项。
It's unfair to allow such an incredibly helpful advanced calculator unless every student has access to it. Especially when the test has the potential to affect a student's educational path. In response to an email asking whether the College Board, which owns the SAT, is aware that the CAS is seen as greatly helping those who use it and whether it has considered banning such calculators, a communications officer sent a link to the SAT calculator policy, which spells out the permitted calculators, CAS among them.
B．Because he didn't use one as early as others.
C．Because his model was less powerful than others'.
D．Because the College Board didn't provide one to him.
Specialization of the food system makes it hard to shift into different markets when disruptions arise. Belgium, a leading exporter of potatoes, lost sales not only to local restaurants but also to other countries because of lockdowns（封锁）. At least the Belgians can try to eat the potatoes at home. That strategy won't work for every crop: Ghana, the world’s top cocoa exporter, lost markets when people stalled focusing on buying essential items instead of chocolate.
D．blame his cheating in the exam
2．Why did the writer feel it unfair for students to use CAS calculators?
A．Because every student can not use one in SAT.
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In response to an email asking whether the College Board, which owns the SAT, is aware that the CAS is seen as greatly helping those who use it and whether it has considered banning such calculators, a communications officer sent a link to the SAT calculator policy, which spells out the permitted calculators, CAS among them.”可知，一封邮件询问负责SAT的美国大学董事会是否意识到CAS计算器帮助使用者及是否考虑禁止这样的计算器，一位通信官员对此作出回应，发了一个链接到SAT计算器政策，其中详细说明了允许使用的计算器，CAS就是其中之一。由此可知，大学董事会对禁止使用CAS计算器持的态度是不赞成的。故选B项。
A．CAS calculators-cheating in SAT
B．Solution to stopping cheating in SAT
C．Calls on banning the calculators
D．Calls on using basic calculators
【答案】AABC
【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文通过在数学PSAT中，一个学生比作者做得好的例子来引出主题：考试中学生是否可以使用计算器。作者列举了使用计算器的弊端，呼吁禁止使用计算器。
议论文 考前押题
一、阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
As a high school student, I learned this the hard way last year, when a student I didn't expect to bested me on the math PSAT. He soon admitted the secret to his success: the CAS calculator. He made clear that the CAS was able to solve all of his SAT equations (方程式). He claimed all he needed was his knowledge of seventh-grade math and the calculator did the rest.
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“It's unfair to allow such an incredibly helpful advanced calculator unless every student has access to it.(除非每个学生都能使用，否则允许使用如此有用的高级计算器是不公平的)”可知，作者觉得学生使用CAS计算器不公平，是因为不是每个学生都能在SAT中使用一个CAS计算器。故选A项。
1．The example of a student doing better than the writer in the math PSAT is used to________.
A．introduce the topic
B．compare their math achievements
C．show the writer's envy
4．主旨大意题。结合最后一段中“The simplest solution would be to leave out the math section that allows calculator use or permit test-takers to use only the most basic calculators, provided by the College Board.(最简单的解决办法是跳过允许使用计算器的数学部分，或者只允许考生使用由College Board提供的最基本的计算器)”可知，本文通过在数学PSAT中，一个学生比作者做得好的例子来引出主题：考试中学生是否可以使用计算器。作者列举了使用计算器的弊端，呼吁禁止使用计算器。C项“呼吁禁止使用计算器”适合作为文章标题。故选C项。
B
For today’s increasingly interconnected food supply chains, “efficient” is what it’s supposed to be: Each country specializes in what it’s best, at and puts it on the global market. Producers and processors within countries specialize, too, as a way to minimize costs. As a result, at least in theory, prices stay low, the world gets fed and everyone wins.
If all students had access to a better calculator, how many could improve their test scores enough to get into their dream school? How many students get into better schools because of this privilege hack? It isn't right and shouldn't stand.
However, the coronavirus crisis demonstrates what is wrong with this approach. When barriers prevent food from reaching its markets, or demand suddenly drops — both of which are happening now — the system falls apart.
3．What's the College Board's attitude towards banning the CAS calculators?
A．Favorable.
B．Disapproving.
C．Ambiguous.
D．Cautious.
4．What's the best title of the passage?
The simplest solution w来自百度文库uld be to leave out the math section that allows calculator use or permit test-takers to use only the most basic calculators, provided by the College Board. The equation for fairness is simple: You know it when you see it, and this calculator inequity (不公) isn't it.
From experience, I know it isn't that simple. A fancy calculator that costs about＄150 is not that useful if you don't understand what the question is asking. But it does feel like cheating. Aside from being financially out of reach of many students，CAS calculators have the potential to misrepresent math ability and problem-solving skills.
1．推理判断题。第一段中“As a high school student, I learned this the hard way last year, when a student I didn't expect to bested me on the math PSAT. He soon admitted the secret to his success: the CAS calculator.”提到，作为一名高中学生，我去年学到了这一点，当时有个学生，我没有想到会在PSAT数学考试中打败我。他很快承认了自己成功的秘诀：CAS计算器。作者在下文讨论了考试中是否应该使用计算器，由此可知，作者提到这个例子是为了介绍主题。故选A项。
It's unfair to allow such an incredibly helpful advanced calculator unless every student has access to it. Especially when the test has the potential to affect a student's educational path. In response to an email asking whether the College Board, which owns the SAT, is aware that the CAS is seen as greatly helping those who use it and whether it has considered banning such calculators, a communications officer sent a link to the SAT calculator policy, which spells out the permitted calculators, CAS among them.
B．Because he didn't use one as early as others.
C．Because his model was less powerful than others'.
D．Because the College Board didn't provide one to him.
Specialization of the food system makes it hard to shift into different markets when disruptions arise. Belgium, a leading exporter of potatoes, lost sales not only to local restaurants but also to other countries because of lockdowns（封锁）. At least the Belgians can try to eat the potatoes at home. That strategy won't work for every crop: Ghana, the world’s top cocoa exporter, lost markets when people stalled focusing on buying essential items instead of chocolate.
D．blame his cheating in the exam
2．Why did the writer feel it unfair for students to use CAS calculators?
A．Because every student can not use one in SAT.
3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“In response to an email asking whether the College Board, which owns the SAT, is aware that the CAS is seen as greatly helping those who use it and whether it has considered banning such calculators, a communications officer sent a link to the SAT calculator policy, which spells out the permitted calculators, CAS among them.”可知，一封邮件询问负责SAT的美国大学董事会是否意识到CAS计算器帮助使用者及是否考虑禁止这样的计算器，一位通信官员对此作出回应，发了一个链接到SAT计算器政策，其中详细说明了允许使用的计算器，CAS就是其中之一。由此可知，大学董事会对禁止使用CAS计算器持的态度是不赞成的。故选B项。
A．CAS calculators-cheating in SAT
B．Solution to stopping cheating in SAT
C．Calls on banning the calculators
D．Calls on using basic calculators
【答案】AABC
【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文通过在数学PSAT中，一个学生比作者做得好的例子来引出主题：考试中学生是否可以使用计算器。作者列举了使用计算器的弊端，呼吁禁止使用计算器。