英美文学作品中的女性形象研究外文文献翻译

文献出处: Allison D. The research on female image in British and American literature [J]. Feminist Formations, 2016, 1(5), 62-76.原文The research on female image in British and American literatureAllison DAbstractBritish and American modern literary works created many images of women, in America and Britain in the gallery of modern literature and art, become the one unique. These female characters in literary works have different background and experience of the writer, present a different spirit and personality characteristics. At the same time, on each of the characters, also with the cultural background of the era and social customs. Through reading the female image of modern British and American literature, for us to better understand that an era and the modern American and British women is of great significance. Modern British and American literary works created a large female image give time characteristics, unique as a female image of the period.Keywords: Modern times; British and American literature; Female image1 The evolution of the female imageWe can trace the origin of the earliest women's literature image back to ancient Greek and Roman literature, then, have a medieval knight love, from the proud lady to up-to-datedness or oppression of women, the pursuit of individuality liberation from the Renaissance to the romantic period new female independent personality, the pursuit of equality, to the period of realism emphasizes self-awareness of women, the whole is also a history of women's development and growth. In these literary works, with the development of the society and ideological progress, female image more and more rich, also more and more independent personality. Interpretation of women in literary history, it is in a better understanding of the female's woes, history of the growth and maturity.1.1 The renaissance periodThe Renaissance is British and American literature history a great liberation ofhuman thought. During this period, people's self-consciousness awakening, especially women, thousands of years in the discipline of the shackles of feudal ideas, finally got a personality the great liberation of thought. Therefore, women in this period, simple is good, loyal to love, has strong against tradition, theological ideology, and even many senators, miss also brave enough to break the bondage of family to pursue their own ideal love.The feminine features of this period, has a good performance in Shakespeare's works. In Shakespeare's works, his basic shape on the front of the image of women is kind, sincere, and beautiful and other characteristics, in order to love, can give up everything, boldly with social, family resistance. The most typical example is for the people of the world are familiar with "Romeo and Juliet”. In order to pursue their own love, Juliet can put your own family feuds aside, can give up his life for his lover. On Juliet, reflected the typical European Renaissance period women pursuit of freedom of marriage the personality characteristics of love, so much so that many years later, when Juliet's image, is still standing in the world as another name for young men and women love literature and art gallery. Women in this period, however, are not pure, beautiful, such as Juliet loyalty to the new woman of love. As a typical form of opposite, the Renaissance liberated humanity, also make some people go to the extreme desire to indulge. Performance in Shakespeare's works, which is the lady Macbeth, Macbeth general in King Lear. These women have high social status and great freedom, their behavior rather than the pursuit of free love, but a kind of human nature, even under the huge ambition, under the drive of the greedy desire, they will be very ugly in human nature and immortality. They use their own rights and status, to indulge oneself follow one's inclination sly, to drown in the sea of desire, cannot extricate oneself, also do not want to extricate themselves.1.2 The romantic periodExperienced a Renaissance humanism thought liberation, to enter at the end of the 18th century early 19th century, the bourgeoisie to rise on the European continent, profoundly affected the change of humanistic thought. The emergence of a large number of independent women writers, add a series of rich image three-dimensionalliterature for literature of women. Among them, the most typical is the British writer Jane Austen; her most famous women pursue independent writing consciousness, the novel "pride and prejudice", successfully recorded at the time the humanities state of female independent self-esteem, learn about life planning thought, the condition of existence.Jane Austen's pride and prejudice, the middle-class women's image on behalf of Elizabeth. The heroine Elizabeth was born in the town of the landlord class society, miss family not very rich, but also the general working people family appears high. Due to birth class surfaces, her mother and sister to hold the class of typical chasing vanity mentality. Elizabeth grew up under such environment, the pursuit of the arrogant rich Darcy, showed clearly alienation. And Elizabeth image contrast, Elizabeth's sister and mother of rich kids Darcy are very warm. And Elizabeth for Darcy arrogance he filled with prejudice. Later, with the help of the Darcy, Elizabeth through the test of time, for their own like of the person as well as Darcy changed consistently arrogance, and two people finally happy marriage. In the novel of Jane Austen, shaped the life Elizabeth successfully in bourgeois emergence period of female image, and Elizabeth, the female image has strong representative. On her body, vividly reflects the independence of the values, marriage, they opposed to money matter and concluded the marriage relationship, but they also objected to a marriage without material foundation. It shows the social ideology when the rise of the bourgeoisie, has strong characteristics of pragmatism. "Pride and prejudice" of the heroine Elizabeth has marriage independent consciousness, she opposed marriage, love based marriage mansion, and is always stressed the importance of marriage for women. In marriage relationship, Elizabeth has always insisted on his independence, women's status of self-esteem; require equality in marriage love relationship. But, we can also see, Elizabeth is still not women's economic independence, in the love based marriage, Elizabeth on the economy is in the attachment. And economic independence or not, it will directly affect the status of women in the social family.1.3 The realism periodThe 18th and 19th century British and American society, along with the growingstrength of the bourgeoisie, the change of the social and political power, also affects the deep development of the humanities. Among them, the American and British to the prosperity of historical materialism, dialectics, has a great influence for literature. Women in this period, under the impetus of the bourgeois ideology, also have a strong sense of self, they from European Renaissance period of the "people" to the enlightenment of "female", from the power of the spirit world as the essence of the women, have a qualitative leap. Strong times breath infection the ideology of the female, they went through the agonies of ideological fission, finally new women appeared as an independent self-esteem, self-improvement and self-reliance in the history of Britain and the United States.Changes of The Times, with the changes is in the social consciousness of women is bound to affect the literary works of the change of aesthetic values. Among them, the women image to represent the period characteristic of the most typical literature is charlotte Bronte's Jane Eyre. Jane Eyre was born is quite low, and looks ordinary, there is no general literature in the literary beauty of external image. She is just a humble weak without any external characteristics of ordinary woman. But that is how it is, a woman looks no survival advantage, on the way to grow on your own, but always adhere to the clear goal in life. Her self-respect, independence, in the face is stronger than his many Mr. Rochester; she also displays a strong independence. She never thought of marriage by relying on men to change their living conditions. In love with Rochester, Jane Eyre, maintained distinct independence from beginning to end, from the personality independence to economic independence, she bear with their weak life bravely to bear all, maintained his humble but independent self-esteem, it is in this strong sense of independent self-esteem, Jane Eyre become the early nineteenth century at the end of the eighteenth century realism, the female image in literary works.2 Female image shaping in British and American literatureAnalysis of English and American literature works of the humanities image creation, through modern literary works of British and American women's image comparison, we to more deeply understand the modern British and American femaleimage in literary works.2.1 Women appearance shapeBecause of the influence of the traditional history and culture, British and American cultural environment, aesthetic interest has a big difference. Therefore, characters reflected in literary works, the British and American literature and art aesthetics focus on simulations of the external form and representation for something, so characters in the works of British and American literature appearance description also focus on the description of its external appearance. Such as Dumas la dame aux camellias, for appearance, La Travolta is specific to her eyes. The nose did very figurative description form appearance, and so on. Traditional aesthetic imagery in Anglo-American culture, shaping the characters, the focus is on "and" external characters, therefore, in shaping the character image, is focused more on details of the characters.2.2 Women image language differencesExperienced a Renaissance, enlightenment individuality liberation thoughts flushing of British and American women, had a bold personality and emotional expression, independent directness and so on the personality characteristics of directly, therefore, manifested in literary works, is more than women in the form of opera direct displays of emotion, the inner world. The traditional Oriental culture has always been Investigate implicative. Therefore, performance in the literature on the characterization of how much is the emotional expression of the characters and inner monologue by euphemism scene foil, such as environment description way to express.3 ConclusionsTo sum up, through the female images in the modern American and British and American literature works reading in depth, we more deeply feel the Anglo-American cultural traditions, for American and British women's personality, also have a more profound understanding. They have experienced the zeitgeist of influence, is reflected in their body. For eastern female image shaping the contrast of English and American literature works, has enabled us to more deeply understand the British and American culture, the influence of the formation for humanities character role.译文英美文学作品中的女性形象研究Allison D摘要英美近代文学作品中塑造了诸多的女性形象，在英美近代文学艺术的长廊中，成为独特的那一个。