被动语态——八种时态

被动语态

被动语态的最基本构成是：be + done（动词的过去分词形式）被动语态和时态是分不开的。很多时态都有其被动语态形式。总结如下：

1) 一般现在时

一般现在时主要由动词原形表示，但第三人称单数后要加词尾-s，其方法与名词单数变复数的方法相同。另外，be和have有特殊的人称形式，be在I后为am；在he，she，it后为is；在we，you，they后为are；have在第三人称单数后为has，在其他人称后仍为have。被动语态：be(am/is/are) + done (by)

主动语态：Everyone likes her.

被动语态：She is liked by everyone.

2) 现在进行时

现在进行时由“be(am/is/are) +现在分词”构成，其否定式是在be后加not，疑问式是将be提前。They are building a new school in our village.

She is cleaning the classroom.

被动语态：be(am/is/are) being done

A new school is being built in our village.

The classroom is being cleaned (by her).

3) 现在完成时

现在完成时由“have (has)+过去分词”构成。否定式在have (has)后加not，疑问式将have (has)提前。

They have built a new school in our village.

I have taught English for 20 years.

被动语态：have/has been + done

A new school has been built in our village.

5) 一般过去时

由动词的过去式表示，其变化是在动词后加-ed，但英语中有大量动词的变化是不规则的，需特别记忆。

Tom broke the glass this morning.

被动语态：was/were + done

The glass was broken by Tom this morning.

e.f.: The glass was broken.（这只玻璃杯是破的。非被动语态）

6) 过去进行时

由“was (were) +现在分词”构成。第一人称单数和第三人称单数后用was，其他人称后用wer e。

He was watching TV when I came in.我进来时他正在看电视。

被动语态：was/were + being + done

She said that the bicycle was being repaired by her father.

7) 过去完成时

过去完成时由“had +过去分词”构成，主要表示过去某时或某一动作之前已经发生的动作，既表示“过去的过去”，常带有时间状语。

They had already left when we got to the station.

我们到达车站时他们已经离开了。

He said that he had bought a new car.

他说他买了一辆新车。

被动语态：had been done

She told me that the bicycle had been repaired by her

father.她告诉我说自行车是她爸爸修的。

8) 一般将来时

主要由“will +动词原形”构成，第一人称后有时用shall。其否定式是在will后加not，缩写为won’t；疑问是将will提前。表示从现在看将要发生的动作或情况，通常带有表示将来的时间状语。其它表达方式有：be going to do; be to do; be about to do; be doing+将来时间；do +将来时间

He will come to see you tomorrow.他明天将来看你。

They will build a new airport inBeijing.

被动语态：will be done

A new airport will be built inBeijing.