必修三unit1语法
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2.在疑问句中,用于第一、三人称，用来表 示请求或征求意见。
Shall I open the window for you？（征求意见） Shall he fetch some water for you？（请求）
3. should常表示劝告、建议、命令， 与ought to意义相近，但ought to多表 示责任、义务，语气强烈。在疑问句中 通常用should代替ought to。
2.can只用于现在式和过去式(could) be able to可以用于各种时态 We’ll be able to finish the work soon. I haven’t been able to see the film.
3.表示特定的某一过去能力或表示成功 地做了某事时，只能用 was/were able to， 不能用could
Can you give me a hand? 3.表客观可能性
Man cannot live without air.
4.表怀疑、不肯定 can not have done sth. 不可能做了… Eg. He cannot have been to the town.
Can he have got the book? 5.can have done 本来可以做而没做......
Young people should learn how to use computers. Every citizen ought to obey law. You ought not to go.
4.should/ought to have done表示责备或 批评,意为“本应该做到…但没有做到…”,用 于否定则表示“本不该…但”ought to的语 气更强烈.
3） 情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要 标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式 形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。
can 1.表能力 “能够” can’t “不能够” Eg. She can speak four foreign languages. 2.表许可或请求 Eg. You can’t park your car in the street.
8. ---When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
---They _B____be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. should C. might D. need
9. With so much work on hand, you _D___to see the game last night. A. mustn’t go B. could have gone C. shouldn’t go D. shouldn’t have gone
May you succeed! May God bless you!
must 和have to
1.Must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must 否定式用 needn’t或don’t have to， 做 “不必”,mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许”
— Must I finish all assignments at a time? —Yes, you must.
A. will B. could C. may D. might 6. Sorry, I ’m late. I _A__ have turned off
the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A.might B. should C. can D. will
Eg. He can have come earlier.
Could 1.用于表示泛指过去的能力 Eg. I could read when I was four.
2.表请求（较委婉） Eg. Could you please give me a hand?
3.表示推测 could have done 本来能够做而没做…… 4.couldn’t have done 不可能做了……
10.Johnny, you __B____play with the knife, you ____hurt
yourself. ( )
A. won't ; can't
B. mustn't ; may
C. shouldn't ; must D. can't ; wouldn't
11.There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone
You should/ought to have told her the truth earlier.
She shouldn’t have left without saying a word.
1.---There were already five people in the car
but they managed to take me as well.
---May I use your pencil? ---Yes, you may./ No, you mustn’t.
2. may和might表示“可能性”, may/might + v 指现在或将来可能发生的动作情况。might 暗示的可能性更小
She may not be working now. John might be at home now.
Unit1 Festivals around the world
Grammar
Modal verbs 情态动词 (I)
பைடு நூலகம்
·情态动词的语法特征
1） 情态动词 不能单独做谓语，除ought 和have 外， 后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
2） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动 词，如can、will也有一般式和过去式的变化。
He was able to flee（逃离） Europe
before the war broke out.
He was able to swim halfway
before he got tired.
may和might
1. may和might 用于一般问句中表示委婉的 请求,肯定回答用may,否定用mustn’t
---It ____a comfortable journey. ( D)
A. can't be
B. mustn't have been
C. shouldn't be D. couldn't have been
2.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ___ get out. ( D )
Eg. She couldn’t have done such a thing.
1.can, be able to都可表示“能力” can的主语是人或物,be able to的主语是人
She can/is able to sing the song in English. This machine can make you feel comfortable.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
4. Peter _C__ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure.
A.must B. can C. may D. will 5. --- Could I call you by your first name? --- Yes, you__C__.
7.--Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report. --You _A___ have my computer if you don’t take care of it. A. shan’t B. might not C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
3.must表示对某人某事的猜测， 用must have done
You must be the new teacher.
He must be joking. There is nobody here. They must have all gone home.
Will 和 would
1.will和would表示意愿、意志，可用于 各种人称
to the lecture, _D____? ( )
A. didn’t they
B. don’t they
C. mustn’t they
D. haven’t they
12. I missed the bus, so I D___ go home on foot. A. must B. may C. can D. had to
shall ,should 和ought to
1.shall用于第二、三人称表示允诺、警告、 命令、决心等。
You shall do as I say. (命令)
Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.
(允诺) Nothing shall stop me doing it. (决心)
3.对过去发生的事情的可能性作出判断 用may/might have done,用might比 用may的可能性更小
She may/might have gone to the cinema. They may/might not have received our telephone. 4.may 放在句首祈使句，表示祝愿。
If you will help me with my English, I will be very happy.
I promised that I would do my best.
2.在疑问句中,will用于第二人称,表示请求 或征求意见,would则语气更委婉
Will you tell him the news as soon as he comes back？ Would you please speak again more slowly？
No, you needn't. You mustn’t get down while the car is still moving.
2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must 和 have to 稍有区别。must着重说明主观看 法，have to 强调客观需要。
*时态方面
I don’t like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.
Shall I open the window for you？（征求意见） Shall he fetch some water for you？（请求）
3. should常表示劝告、建议、命令， 与ought to意义相近，但ought to多表 示责任、义务，语气强烈。在疑问句中 通常用should代替ought to。
2.can只用于现在式和过去式(could) be able to可以用于各种时态 We’ll be able to finish the work soon. I haven’t been able to see the film.
3.表示特定的某一过去能力或表示成功 地做了某事时，只能用 was/were able to， 不能用could
Can you give me a hand? 3.表客观可能性
Man cannot live without air.
4.表怀疑、不肯定 can not have done sth. 不可能做了… Eg. He cannot have been to the town.
Can he have got the book? 5.can have done 本来可以做而没做......
Young people should learn how to use computers. Every citizen ought to obey law. You ought not to go.
4.should/ought to have done表示责备或 批评,意为“本应该做到…但没有做到…”,用 于否定则表示“本不该…但”ought to的语 气更强烈.
3） 情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要 标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式 形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。
can 1.表能力 “能够” can’t “不能够” Eg. She can speak four foreign languages. 2.表许可或请求 Eg. You can’t park your car in the street.
8. ---When can I come for the photos ? I need them tomorrow afternoon.
---They _B____be ready by 12 : 00 . A. can B. should C. might D. need
9. With so much work on hand, you _D___to see the game last night. A. mustn’t go B. could have gone C. shouldn’t go D. shouldn’t have gone
May you succeed! May God bless you!
must 和have to
1.Must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must 否定式用 needn’t或don’t have to， 做 “不必”,mustn’t表示“禁止，不允许”
— Must I finish all assignments at a time? —Yes, you must.
A. will B. could C. may D. might 6. Sorry, I ’m late. I _A__ have turned off
the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.
A.might B. should C. can D. will
Eg. He can have come earlier.
Could 1.用于表示泛指过去的能力 Eg. I could read when I was four.
2.表请求（较委婉） Eg. Could you please give me a hand?
3.表示推测 could have done 本来能够做而没做…… 4.couldn’t have done 不可能做了……
10.Johnny, you __B____play with the knife, you ____hurt
yourself. ( )
A. won't ; can't
B. mustn't ; may
C. shouldn't ; must D. can't ; wouldn't
11.There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone
You should/ought to have told her the truth earlier.
She shouldn’t have left without saying a word.
1.---There were already five people in the car
but they managed to take me as well.
---May I use your pencil? ---Yes, you may./ No, you mustn’t.
2. may和might表示“可能性”, may/might + v 指现在或将来可能发生的动作情况。might 暗示的可能性更小
She may not be working now. John might be at home now.
Unit1 Festivals around the world
Grammar
Modal verbs 情态动词 (I)
பைடு நூலகம்
·情态动词的语法特征
1） 情态动词 不能单独做谓语，除ought 和have 外， 后面只能接不带to 的不定式。
2） 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动 词，如can、will也有一般式和过去式的变化。
He was able to flee（逃离） Europe
before the war broke out.
He was able to swim halfway
before he got tired.
may和might
1. may和might 用于一般问句中表示委婉的 请求,肯定回答用may,否定用mustn’t
---It ____a comfortable journey. ( D)
A. can't be
B. mustn't have been
C. shouldn't be D. couldn't have been
2.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ___ get out. ( D )
Eg. She couldn’t have done such a thing.
1.can, be able to都可表示“能力” can的主语是人或物,be able to的主语是人
She can/is able to sing the song in English. This machine can make you feel comfortable.
A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
4. Peter _C__ come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure.
A.must B. can C. may D. will 5. --- Could I call you by your first name? --- Yes, you__C__.
7.--Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report. --You _A___ have my computer if you don’t take care of it. A. shan’t B. might not C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
3.must表示对某人某事的猜测， 用must have done
You must be the new teacher.
He must be joking. There is nobody here. They must have all gone home.
Will 和 would
1.will和would表示意愿、意志，可用于 各种人称
to the lecture, _D____? ( )
A. didn’t they
B. don’t they
C. mustn’t they
D. haven’t they
12. I missed the bus, so I D___ go home on foot. A. must B. may C. can D. had to
shall ,should 和ought to
1.shall用于第二、三人称表示允诺、警告、 命令、决心等。
You shall do as I say. (命令)
Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.
(允诺) Nothing shall stop me doing it. (决心)
3.对过去发生的事情的可能性作出判断 用may/might have done,用might比 用may的可能性更小
She may/might have gone to the cinema. They may/might not have received our telephone. 4.may 放在句首祈使句，表示祝愿。
If you will help me with my English, I will be very happy.
I promised that I would do my best.
2.在疑问句中,will用于第二人称,表示请求 或征求意见,would则语气更委婉
Will you tell him the news as soon as he comes back？ Would you please speak again more slowly？
No, you needn't. You mustn’t get down while the car is still moving.
2.表示“必须”这个意思时，must 和 have to 稍有区别。must着重说明主观看 法，have to 强调客观需要。
*时态方面
I don’t like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.