Lecture7PPT课件
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Lecture7.ppt
IO- + ClTS = {IOClH-}
d[IO# ] [I # ][OCl# ] = k' = k''[I # ][HOCl] dt [OH # ]
OCl- + H2O
!
HOCl + OHHOI + ClH2O + IOIO- + ClSlow (rds)
I- + HOCl OH- + HOl IO- + OCl-
Rate decreases with [H+] !
H: Similar to A: Again Preq of the form (but now X- is low [ ] reactive species): All of these ideas can also HX = X- + H+ I: Similar to B: has [HX] and [X-] in separate rds
10. A sum of n terms in the denominator indicates a succession of n steps with the first n-1 reversible Non integral order REQUIRES intermediates
VERY USEFUL PAPER!
Rate law
Mechanism
You have collected and plotted the data and have the rate law: Now what?
rate = k[A]x [B]y + ......
Some “rules” for interpreting rate laws (i.e. converting the rate ! law to a mechanism) If it is of simple form (x = 1 or 2) you are essentially done:
lecture 7---NOESY
H
H
NO2
H 3C S
NO 2 H 3C S
H
7 .9 8
NO2
H 3C S
6.29
H
NO 2 H 3C S
2D NOESY
2D NOESY
8 - 7, 12 7 - 18, 18' 3 - 5, 10 5 - 11, 16, 18'
9 - 10, 17, 17'
10 - 16 11 - 18, 16, 14, 18' 18 - 13, 18' 16 - 14, 17 13 - 14, 17, 17' 13' - 17, 17' 17 - 17'
当两个核AX在空间上很接近时，可以通过偶极－－偶 极作用相互影响。选择A的频率照射，会影响X的能级 分布，从而改变其信号强度。
Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE)
bb
ba X2 A1 单量子数驰豫W1不产生NOE效应。 A2 ab X1 双量子数驰豫W2和零量子数驰豫W0 W2
2D NOESY
2D NOESY
2D NOESY
TOCSY (solid lines) and NOESY (dotted lines)
AVANCE 900
2.0 mM Lysozyme NOESY
Nuclear Overhauser Effect (NOE)
NOE实验对环境变化非常敏感，为了得到高质量的谱图， 有如下建议
NMR
PBu3 PiBu3 -32.5 ppm -45.3 ppm
PsBu3
PtBu3
7.9 ppm
63 ppm
I=1/2 Natural abundance Reference compound 100% 85% H3PO4 in H2O = 0 ppm 6.67 × 10-3 37.7
Lecture-7-商务信函的翻译(翻转课件)
第8页，共30页。
2. 英语商务信函的文体特点
2.1．词汇特点：(2)表意准确，专业性强
• 主要表现在使用大量的专业术语、行话、外来词、缩略语以 及一般词语在商务英语语境中的特殊用法
• We shall cover TPND on your order. 我们将为你方的货物投保盗窃和提货不着险。
• It would be appreciated if you would let us know by returning your lowest possible price for the following goods on FOB London.
Chapter Three
商务信函的翻译
第1页，共30页。
Business Letters
知识目标： 1. 了解商务信函的行文方式、格式和文体特点。 2. 掌握商务信函的常用翻译技巧。
能力目标： 1. 能够正确翻译商务信函常用词汇和句型。
2. 能够熟练地翻译各类商务信函。
第2页，共30页。
商务信函（business letters） 商务信函涉及商务活动的各个环节，贯
称呼(Salutation)
事由/标题(Subject or Caption) Subject: Invoice No. 201 BY05 正文(Body of the Letter) 结束语(Complimentary Close) 签名(Signature) (签字,打印 ,职务) 姓名首字母(Initials) (发信人及打字员 ) SW/JM 附件(Enclosure)，Encl.: sample 抄送/副本(Carbon Copy)，C.C.: General Manager 附言(Postscript)，P.S.:
2. 英语商务信函的文体特点
2.1．词汇特点：(2)表意准确，专业性强
• 主要表现在使用大量的专业术语、行话、外来词、缩略语以 及一般词语在商务英语语境中的特殊用法
• We shall cover TPND on your order. 我们将为你方的货物投保盗窃和提货不着险。
• It would be appreciated if you would let us know by returning your lowest possible price for the following goods on FOB London.
Chapter Three
商务信函的翻译
第1页，共30页。
Business Letters
知识目标： 1. 了解商务信函的行文方式、格式和文体特点。 2. 掌握商务信函的常用翻译技巧。
能力目标： 1. 能够正确翻译商务信函常用词汇和句型。
2. 能够熟练地翻译各类商务信函。
第2页，共30页。
商务信函（business letters） 商务信函涉及商务活动的各个环节，贯
称呼(Salutation)
事由/标题(Subject or Caption) Subject: Invoice No. 201 BY05 正文(Body of the Letter) 结束语(Complimentary Close) 签名(Signature) (签字,打印 ,职务) 姓名首字母(Initials) (发信人及打字员 ) SW/JM 附件(Enclosure)，Encl.: sample 抄送/副本(Carbon Copy)，C.C.: General Manager 附言(Postscript)，P.S.:
Lecture7范畴词的翻译.ppt
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✓ 干热环境 dry heat
✓ 计划生育工作 family planning
✓ 落后状态 backwardness
✓ 中国的现代化建设 China’s modernization
✓ 促进和平统一事业 promote peaceful reunification
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was very sad and his eyes at times were
dim. 他讲话时，态度坚定，但面带愁容， 时而眼神黯淡。
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7) This is the day for our two peoples to rise to the heights of greatness which can build a new and a better world.
They failed to capture Changsha. (T)
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采取……态度
5）我们必须采取"知之为知之,不知为不知" 的态度. In all matters we must assume the attitude of admitting what we know and do not know. （F）
现在该是我们两国人民为缔造一个崭新 的、更加美好的世界而攀登这一伟大境 界高峰的时候了。
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8） stillness confusion measurement purification repetition management calculation accommodation joint saturation preparation remedies modification
Lecture_7
2
Introduction
• The monetary or fiscal policy may be expansionary or
contractionary, as judged from the effect on the short-run equilibrium output level
It follows that monetary policy has no impact on either the interest rate or the level of income, i.e. the monetary policy becomes powerless. Possibility of a liquidity trap is mentioned by John Maynard Keynes. That possibility had some times become real in some countries.
3
Monetary Policy
• The monetary policy is specifically the government’s
policy regarding the money supply.
The policy may be seen alternatively as to achieve a target interest rate (recall from IS-LM model how interest rate is affected by the money supply)
disequilibrium
– At the prevailing interest rate and level of income, people are holding more money than they want – Portfolio holders attempt to reduce their money holdings by buying other assets → changes asset prices and yields – The change in money supply changes interest rates 2. A change in interest rates affects aggregate demand, e.g.
lecture 7 布里渊区.ppt
Homework
1.
考虑一个ABAB…AB原子线，A-B键长为
a 2
A，B原子的散射因子分别为 f A 和 f B
，入射X射线垂直于原子线。
(1) 给出θ方向（θ是衍射光束与原子线之间的夹角）衍射加
强条件；
（2）计算衍射强度；
（3）讨论
f A f B 情况。
A
B
A
B
a/2
a/2
2. 用波长为λ 的X射线，照射晶格常数为a 的金刚石结构晶体， 问要得到衍射面指数为（220）的衍射斑点，对应的布拉格 角应是多少？
如图2.7所示是一个十二面体。
第一布里渊区种典型 对称点的坐标为：
: 2 (0, 0, 0)
a
H : 2 (1, 0, 0)
a
N : 2 (1 , 1 , 0)
a 22
P : 2 (1 , 1 , 1)
a 222
图2.7 体心立方正格子的第一布里渊区
（5）面心立方结构晶体点阵的布里渊区 取面心立方的原胞基矢为：
布里渊散射条件和布里渊区（Brillouin zone）
1、布里渊散射条件（Brillouin’s diffraction condition ）
如图2.4所示是倒空间的二维格子。
r k
r G
1
r G
2ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
图2.4 倒空间的二维格子
O 点是到空间的原点，考虑连接原点和任意一个倒格点的倒格 矢。作垂直平分线（三维情形将是垂直平分面），如果入射波 矢满足（2.3.2）式，将（2.3.2）式两边同除以4，散射条件 则可写成
对于三维简立方结构晶格点阵来说，其正格子基矢为
r a1
r ai
Lecture 7 Affirmation and negation 汉英翻译 教学课件
no, not, none, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere, neither, nor, etc.
2) “semi negatives”– 半否定
hardly, scarcely, seldom, barely, few, little, etc. 3) “partial negatives”— 部分否定
3. Such a chance was denied (to) me.
我没有得到这样一个机会。(negation)
4. I have read your article and expected to meet an older man.
拜读了你的大作，没想到你这样年轻。
2) Adverbs
(1) we may safely say so.
Negative words and structures sometimes should be readjusted in translation according to contexts. That is to say, depending on the context, we can use either negation or affirmation to translate negatives.
这些飞机留在后方保卫本岛，而没有（不是）用
在急需的地方。
5) Conjunctions
1. Little Emma would rather walk than take a bus.
小艾玛愿意走路而不愿意坐公交车。
2. I will not go unless I hear from him.
如果不接到他的信我就不去。
-- “If the weather holds a couple of days.”
2) “semi negatives”– 半否定
hardly, scarcely, seldom, barely, few, little, etc. 3) “partial negatives”— 部分否定
3. Such a chance was denied (to) me.
我没有得到这样一个机会。(negation)
4. I have read your article and expected to meet an older man.
拜读了你的大作，没想到你这样年轻。
2) Adverbs
(1) we may safely say so.
Negative words and structures sometimes should be readjusted in translation according to contexts. That is to say, depending on the context, we can use either negation or affirmation to translate negatives.
这些飞机留在后方保卫本岛，而没有（不是）用
在急需的地方。
5) Conjunctions
1. Little Emma would rather walk than take a bus.
小艾玛愿意走路而不愿意坐公交车。
2. I will not go unless I hear from him.
如果不接到他的信我就不去。
-- “If the weather holds a couple of days.”
Lecture 7
• Things unattempted yet in prose or rhyme. --Paradise Lost, Book I, l 16
•
• I may assert eternal Providence, And justify the ways of God to men. • --Paradise Lost, Book I, l 18
•
•
Bending to look on me, I started back, It started back, but pleas'd I soon returnd, Pleas'd it returnd as soon with answering looks Of sympathie and love; there I had fixt Mine eyes till now, and pin'd with vain desire, Had not a voice thus warnd me, What thou seest, What there thou seest fair Creature is thy self, With thee it came and goes: but follow me, And I will bring thee where no shadow staies Thy coming, and thy soft imbraces, hee Whose image thou art, him thou shalt enjoy Inseparablie thine, to him shalt beare Multitudes like thy self, and thence be call'd Mother of human Race
•
• I may assert eternal Providence, And justify the ways of God to men. • --Paradise Lost, Book I, l 18
•
•
Bending to look on me, I started back, It started back, but pleas'd I soon returnd, Pleas'd it returnd as soon with answering looks Of sympathie and love; there I had fixt Mine eyes till now, and pin'd with vain desire, Had not a voice thus warnd me, What thou seest, What there thou seest fair Creature is thy self, With thee it came and goes: but follow me, And I will bring thee where no shadow staies Thy coming, and thy soft imbraces, hee Whose image thou art, him thou shalt enjoy Inseparablie thine, to him shalt beare Multitudes like thy self, and thence be call'd Mother of human Race
lecture 7 how to cite
Widdowson (1979),"there is a good deal of argument in favour of extending the concept of competence to cover the ability to use language to communicative effect" (p. 5).
According to one researcher, "there is a good deal of argument in favour of extending the concept of competence to cover the ability to use language to communicative effect" (Widdowson, 1979, p. 5).
精选完整ppt课件
12
(In all cases at end of essay)
References Widdowson, H. G. Explorations in applied linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.1979.
精选完整ppt课件
精选完整ppt课件
15
The first one is Brown's point of view with no indication about your point of view. The second one is Brown's point of view, which you agree with, and the third is your point of view, which is supported by Brown.
According to one researcher, "there is a good deal of argument in favour of extending the concept of competence to cover the ability to use language to communicative effect" (Widdowson, 1979, p. 5).
精选完整ppt课件
12
(In all cases at end of essay)
References Widdowson, H. G. Explorations in applied linguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.1979.
精选完整ppt课件
精选完整ppt课件
15
The first one is Brown's point of view with no indication about your point of view. The second one is Brown's point of view, which you agree with, and the third is your point of view, which is supported by Brown.
Lecture-7
光驱
光驱的基本组成
通常，一台光驱由主体主架、光盘托架系 统、激光头组件（也称光驱机芯）和控制 板四大部分组成。
激光头的工作原理
激光头的工作原理
发射激光束A—>打在前方的棱镜上B—>径折射后 到达棱镜C—>径折射及聚焦透镜D，使激光束会聚 后，打在光盘上。 经光盘反射回来的激光束，通过聚焦透镜打C棱镜， 折射到B前方棱镜上—>折射回激光接收器内。 当束姿态发生变化时，打在光盘上的光束为椭圆 点，正常情况，打在光盘上的光束为圆点。
CD—ROM的日常维护
正确安装好光驱 光驱是否正确连接到主板上 要长时间打开CD—ROM的仓门，避免大量灰尘进入光驱 CD—ROM不用时，里面不要放光盘（有光盘电机转，加速电机老化） 每次关机把光盘拿出来。（开机光盘停在激光头很近的地方，突然电 机一转，光盘会刮伤光头） 用VCD清洁光盘来清洁光驱 使用正版光盘：盗版制造工艺差 不要在电脑上看碟片：轻微划伤VCD可放，在读取过程中突然失去信 号VCD伺服机构会自动跳过（所谓纠错VCD能跳过能力）。而光驱是数 据机，要求数据完整突然失去信号，激光头会不断寻找读不出的部分， 直到寻到为止，若３０秒仍找不到，CPU会给出寻找失效，光驱停止 读好盘时完全正常，说明， 机械动作平稳，机械聚焦部分没什么大问 题。 检修：
用相机擦镜纸加小量无水酒精，清擦聚焦透镜、 棱镜和折射棱镜上的灰尘 调激光发射限流电阻——微调电位器 调聚焦透镜姿态
光驱的保养
激光头是最怕灰尘的，很多光驱长期使用后，识盘率下降 就是因为尘土过多，所以平时不要把托架留在外面。 不用光驱时，尽量不要把光盘留在驱动器内，因为光驱要 保持“一定的随机访问速度”，盘片在其内会保持一定的 转速，这样就加快了电机老化。 在关机时，如果光盘留在离激光头很近的地方，那当电机 转起来后很容易划伤光头。 散热问题也是非常重要的，一定要注意电脑的通风条件及 环境温度的高低， 机箱的摆放一定要保证光驱保持在水平位置，否则光驱高 速运行时，光盘可能会对激光头产生致命的碰撞而损坏
光驱的基本组成
通常，一台光驱由主体主架、光盘托架系 统、激光头组件（也称光驱机芯）和控制 板四大部分组成。
激光头的工作原理
激光头的工作原理
发射激光束A—>打在前方的棱镜上B—>径折射后 到达棱镜C—>径折射及聚焦透镜D，使激光束会聚 后，打在光盘上。 经光盘反射回来的激光束，通过聚焦透镜打C棱镜， 折射到B前方棱镜上—>折射回激光接收器内。 当束姿态发生变化时，打在光盘上的光束为椭圆 点，正常情况，打在光盘上的光束为圆点。
CD—ROM的日常维护
正确安装好光驱 光驱是否正确连接到主板上 要长时间打开CD—ROM的仓门，避免大量灰尘进入光驱 CD—ROM不用时，里面不要放光盘（有光盘电机转，加速电机老化） 每次关机把光盘拿出来。（开机光盘停在激光头很近的地方，突然电 机一转，光盘会刮伤光头） 用VCD清洁光盘来清洁光驱 使用正版光盘：盗版制造工艺差 不要在电脑上看碟片：轻微划伤VCD可放，在读取过程中突然失去信 号VCD伺服机构会自动跳过（所谓纠错VCD能跳过能力）。而光驱是数 据机，要求数据完整突然失去信号，激光头会不断寻找读不出的部分， 直到寻到为止，若３０秒仍找不到，CPU会给出寻找失效，光驱停止 读好盘时完全正常，说明， 机械动作平稳，机械聚焦部分没什么大问 题。 检修：
用相机擦镜纸加小量无水酒精，清擦聚焦透镜、 棱镜和折射棱镜上的灰尘 调激光发射限流电阻——微调电位器 调聚焦透镜姿态
光驱的保养
激光头是最怕灰尘的，很多光驱长期使用后，识盘率下降 就是因为尘土过多，所以平时不要把托架留在外面。 不用光驱时，尽量不要把光盘留在驱动器内，因为光驱要 保持“一定的随机访问速度”，盘片在其内会保持一定的 转速，这样就加快了电机老化。 在关机时，如果光盘留在离激光头很近的地方，那当电机 转起来后很容易划伤光头。 散热问题也是非常重要的，一定要注意电脑的通风条件及 环境温度的高低， 机箱的摆放一定要保证光驱保持在水平位置，否则光驱高 速运行时，光盘可能会对激光头产生致命的碰撞而损坏
Lecture 7
VI. Major Literary Figures in This Age 1. Neoclassicism Alexander Pope: Essay on Criticism, The Rape of the Lock, Essays on Man, The Dunciad 2. Novel Denial Defoe: Robinson Crusoe Jonathan Swift: The Battle of the Books, A Tale of a Tub, Gulliver’s Travels Henry Fielding: Joseph Andrews, Jonathan Wild, Amelia , Tom Jones
VII. Enlightenment (1) a progressive intellectual movement (2) flourished in France and swept through the whole Western Europe (3) aims at enlightening the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas; celebrated reason (4) called for a reference to order, reason and rules The 18th century England is known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason.
III. Literature in This Age
The 18th century marked the beginning of an intellectual movement throughout in Europe known as Enlightenment. It was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century and Russia in the 19th Century. In late 17th and early 18th century England, there was a change of taste, which was part of a general movement in Europe, seen perhaps most impressive in 17th century France. The dominant literary theory of this period was “Neoclassicism”.
Lecture 7 Language change语言变化PPT课件
▪ ● economy of memory ▪ ● the increase of international contact
▪
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▪ Sound Change
▪ Why the pronunciation of sounds should have changed remains a mystery. However, there are some factors that contribute to the formation of new pronunciation.
▪ Hath---------------has
▪ Sayd--------------said
▪ Saith--------------says
▪ Eg. “purple” from “purpre”
▪ “marble” from “marbre”
2020/1 and
syntactic change
▪ Morphological change
▪ 1. derivation
▪ Didst--------------did
▪ 雷，考碗族，婚奴，基盲，K客吧，晒一族，太空 旅游机，海量版，刷书客，一拿通，土食主义 三 莓，声波炉，掏空族，裸退，过装，宅，龟了
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▪ 大多说学者都同意，一种语言发生可见的 变化时，就是它有活力的表现。如果这是 真得话，那英语可谓精力充沛。这种变化， 在任何语言中都可体现于语法和读音，但 最明显的则见于词汇中。
▪ Modern English from 1500 to the present.
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▪ Causes of Language Change ▪ Sound Change ▪ Morphological ▪ Syntactical Change ▪ Semantic change
▪
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▪ Sound Change
▪ Why the pronunciation of sounds should have changed remains a mystery. However, there are some factors that contribute to the formation of new pronunciation.
▪ Hath---------------has
▪ Sayd--------------said
▪ Saith--------------says
▪ Eg. “purple” from “purpre”
▪ “marble” from “marbre”
2020/1 and
syntactic change
▪ Morphological change
▪ 1. derivation
▪ Didst--------------did
▪ 雷，考碗族，婚奴，基盲，K客吧，晒一族，太空 旅游机，海量版，刷书客，一拿通，土食主义 三 莓，声波炉，掏空族，裸退，过装，宅，龟了
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2
▪ 大多说学者都同意，一种语言发生可见的 变化时，就是它有活力的表现。如果这是 真得话，那英语可谓精力充沛。这种变化， 在任何语言中都可体现于语法和读音，但 最明显的则见于词汇中。
▪ Modern English from 1500 to the present.
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▪ Causes of Language Change ▪ Sound Change ▪ Morphological ▪ Syntactical Change ▪ Semantic change
Lecture_7_William_Makepeace_Thackeray
The situation satisfies her ,after deciding when to reject Robbin. “She slept, therefore, very soundly that evening…and was more than ordinary happy.”
Becky Sharp
Snob ,immoral ,money-grabbing Determination, intelligence, hard work, talent She appreciates and enjoys the comfort and simplicity of the Sedley household,for”wanderer as she was by force and inclination, there were moments when rest was pleasant to her.”
“My object is not to make a perfect character or anything like it. Don’t you see how odious behind whom all there lies a dark moral I hope.”
Reveal the truth
2. The History of Pendennis 《彭 登尼斯》 登尼斯》 3. The Newcomes 《纽克姆一家》 纽克姆一家》
4. The History of Henry Esmond《亨利 •埃斯蒙德》 埃斯蒙德》 埃斯蒙德 5. The Virginians 弗吉尼亚人》 《弗吉尼亚人》 historical novels
Promote caring
Lecture-7-How-to-Write-a-ConclusionPPT课件全文
.
6
The Conclusion
Remind your reader why you have been writing this essay!
It’s been a long while since your Topic Sentence!
So, rephrase your Topic Sentence.
this paper I have explained...")
.
9
Sample Conclusion:
Macbeth started off as a hero and ended up a hated tyrant. Such power-hungry people are still around today and continue to cause great instability in society. That is why we continue to have political unrest and wars and we hear about them daily in the news. Sadly, Shakespeare has shown us that selfish, naked ambition is one of humanity’s timeless vices.
If your introduction went from general to specific, make your conclusion go from specific to general.
Think globally.
.
13
Suggestions
4. Echoing the introduction: Echoing your introduction can be a good
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do they interact with the rest of the system? How is domain-speciቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱic hardware and/or software incorporated into the system? How is functionality partitioned into product releases? How does the system incorporate portions of the prior generations of the product
2020/10/13
Conceptual View
3
Tied most closely to the application domain
The functionality of the system is mapped to architecture elements called conceptual components, with coordination and data exchange handled by elements called connectors.
E.g
Pipe and filter style i.e. filters are components and the pipes are connectors.
In conceptual view, problems and solutions are viewed primarily in domain terms.
and how will it support future generations? How can the impact of changes in requirements or the domain be minimized?
2020/10/13
Module View
6
Mapping of components and connectors to sub systems and modules Realization of conceptual model i.e. here the architect addresses how the
conceptual solution can be realized with today’s software platforms and technologies. Engineering Concerns-Module View
How is the product mapped to the software platform? What system support/services does it use, and exactly where? How can testing be supported? How can dependencies between modules be minimized? How can reuse of modules and subsystems be maximized? What techniques can be used to insulate the product from changes in COTS software,
2020/10/13
Conceptual View (Continuous)
4
They should be relatively independent of particular software and hardware techniques.
E.g.
Requirements fulfillment Integration of COTS Incorporation of Domain-Specific Hardware/Software Product Release Partitioning of Functionality Incorporation of Prior Generations, Support for Future Generations Support for Product Lines Impact of Domain requirement changes
.
1
Software Architecture Usman Farooq
2020/10/13
Siemens Four View Model
2
Similar to Kruchten 4+1
Four different architecture view
Conceptual View (Logical View) Module View (Development View) Code View (==??) Execution View (Physical View and process view) Global Analysis (Scenarios)
2020/10/13
Engineering Concerns-Conceptual View
5
These concerns should be addressed by the documentation!
How does the system fulfill the requirements? How are the commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components to be integrated and how
in the software platform, or changes to standards?
2020/10/13
Execution view
7
Describes how modules are mapped to the elements provided by the runtime platform, and how these are mapped to the hardware architecture.
2020/10/13
Conceptual View
3
Tied most closely to the application domain
The functionality of the system is mapped to architecture elements called conceptual components, with coordination and data exchange handled by elements called connectors.
E.g
Pipe and filter style i.e. filters are components and the pipes are connectors.
In conceptual view, problems and solutions are viewed primarily in domain terms.
and how will it support future generations? How can the impact of changes in requirements or the domain be minimized?
2020/10/13
Module View
6
Mapping of components and connectors to sub systems and modules Realization of conceptual model i.e. here the architect addresses how the
conceptual solution can be realized with today’s software platforms and technologies. Engineering Concerns-Module View
How is the product mapped to the software platform? What system support/services does it use, and exactly where? How can testing be supported? How can dependencies between modules be minimized? How can reuse of modules and subsystems be maximized? What techniques can be used to insulate the product from changes in COTS software,
2020/10/13
Conceptual View (Continuous)
4
They should be relatively independent of particular software and hardware techniques.
E.g.
Requirements fulfillment Integration of COTS Incorporation of Domain-Specific Hardware/Software Product Release Partitioning of Functionality Incorporation of Prior Generations, Support for Future Generations Support for Product Lines Impact of Domain requirement changes
.
1
Software Architecture Usman Farooq
2020/10/13
Siemens Four View Model
2
Similar to Kruchten 4+1
Four different architecture view
Conceptual View (Logical View) Module View (Development View) Code View (==??) Execution View (Physical View and process view) Global Analysis (Scenarios)
2020/10/13
Engineering Concerns-Conceptual View
5
These concerns should be addressed by the documentation!
How does the system fulfill the requirements? How are the commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components to be integrated and how
in the software platform, or changes to standards?
2020/10/13
Execution view
7
Describes how modules are mapped to the elements provided by the runtime platform, and how these are mapped to the hardware architecture.