2017青浦一模英语卷
上海市各区2017届高三英语一模汇编：阅读理解A篇(带答案精准校对)
Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)You are checking your emails when you start daydreaming about where to go on your summer holiday. This reminds you to compare the cost of local gyms. Then you suddenly decide to look up some place for your birthday party.You may think you are browsing the Internet in a slightly absent-minded manner. You are, in fact, “wilfing”. According to a survey for a financial website, almost seven in ten Internet users admit to the newly named habit. The study of 2400 people carried out by YouGov found that more than a quarter of Internet users wilf ---- a rough acronym of What Was I Looking For? ---- for two days every month.Pete Cohen, GMTV‟s resident life coach and motivator, said, “Stopping yourself wilfing takes a mixture of planning and willpower. These days there are all manners of website attracting our attention. Internet users need to set themselves a specific surfing goal and a time limit to keep on track.”Shopping in the online activity is most likely to make users wilf. Men are more likely to admit to being wilfers than women. A third of the men questioned said the habit had damaged their relationship with a partner. The good news is that wilfing is a habit people tend to grow out of. Internet users aged 55 or over were three times less likely to wilf than those aged under 25.Jason LIoyed, from ,said, “The Internet was designed to make it easier for people to access the information they need quickly and conveniently. Although people log on with a purpose, they are now being offered so much choice and online distractions that many forget what they are there for, and spend hours aimlessly wilfing instead. It‟s important that people do not allow unnecessary online distractions to get in the way when surfing in the Internet, as it can affect produ ctivity in the workplace and relationship at home.”Are you a wilfer, lost in the Internet?56. The underlined word “acronym” in Para. 2 most probably means ______.A. a phenomenon that makes people daydreamB. a summary of the book “What Was I Looking For?”C. an expression meaning taking people‟s attention awayD. a word composed of the first letters of the words in a phrase57. What is an efficient way to stop wilfing according to the passage?A. Stopping taking a mixture of planning and willpower to keep on track.B. Trying to focus on different subjects at the same time.C. Trying to set a surfing goal and a time limit.D. Logging on the Internet all the time.58. It can be concluded from paragraph 4 that ______.A. men are less likely to be wilfing than womenB. wilfing damages the relationship between partnersC. as you grow older, you‟ll become more and more wilfingD. one third of Internet users will be wilfers lost on the Internet59. What can be called “wilfing” according to the passage?A. You spend hours aimlessly surfing the Internet every day.B. You suddenly decide to look up some information about clothes.C. You are accessing the information you need quickly and conveniently.D. You are browsing some of your emails which haven‟t been checked for months.Keys:56-59: DCBASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)①Did English football finally find a new star? At the age of 19, Theo Walcott came onto the scene by scoring a hat-trick for England in a 4-1 victory over Croatia in 2010 World Cup.②Walcott‟s lightning speed and accurate shooting turned the teenager into an overnight star. Many thought he was a new dawn for the England team. He was building his fame for his fast pace, with former Barcelona manager Pep declaring that “you would need a gun to stop him.” FIFA World Player of the Year winner Lionel Messi once also described Walcott as “one of the most dangerous players I have ever played against.” In addition to his speed, Walcott also possessed good balance, movement and technique.③It was symbolic that Walcott‟s goals came from the right-wing. The position had been played by “golden boy” David Beckham for more than 10 years. No longer were the cheers for Beckham. The fans‟ hopes now rested on the shoulders of Walcott.④Walcott was born in London to a black British Jamaican father and a white English mother. He grew up as a Liverpool fan due to his father‟s support of Liverpool. When Chelsea asked him to be a ball boy, he used the opportunity to meet his Liverpool idols.⑤The teenager‟s rise to fame was not completely out of blue. He was part of England‟s World Cup team in 2006, but he did not get to play a match. He also spent over two years at Arsenal, where he was fast becoming a key player.⑥But that year, few were expecting the wonderful performance between England and Croatia. The teenager was the first England player to score three goals in a game since Michael Owen did so seven years before.⑦Although England was full of superstars, they had a poor record in major tournaments. But things were beginning to change. The win against Croatia was sweet revenge. Croatia was the team which knocked England out of Euro 2008.⑧Walco tt‟s wonderful performance lighted England fans‟ hope for World Cup victory in South Africa in 2010, since England had not lifted the cup since 1966.⑨But before England fans got too carried away, our reflection on the past history told us that placing a c ountry‟s hopes on one teenager was dangerous.56. Which of the following CANNOT account for Walcott‟s increasing fame?A. Fast speed.B. Masterly skills.C. Positional sense.D. Unusual family.57. Why did the author mention David Beckham in the 3rd paragraph?A. To show that England football once had a glorious history.B. To illustrate that Walcott could be entitled “golden boy”.C. To indicate that England fans were difficult to please.D. To imply that people had high expectation on Walcott.58. In the 5th paragraph, the underlined phrase “out of blue” most probably means “________”.A. impoliteB. unexpectedC. impossibleD. unintentional59. What is the author most likely to agree with?A. Walcott might not live up to fa ns‟ expectation.B. Walcott might transfer from Arsenal to Liverpool.C. Croatia might change the history of the World Cup.D. England might be defeated by the opponent in the next round.Keys:56-59 DDBASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)Jeremy Baras remembers the first time heever saw a pop-up a restaurant. The 26-year-oldentrepreneur（企业家）was on vacation inEngland four years ago and had to look up at theLondon Eye Ferries wheel to see it. Hanging abovehim was a capsule full of diners who were served anew course each time a revolution was made.“I thought that was the coolest thing ever”, he says. Baras, who founded in 2012 to promote the idea of pop-up restaurants in USA, has been studying them ever since.Pop-ups, which have been around since at least the early 2000s, are open anywhere from a few hours to several months, but their defining feature is that they are temporary. They may beonly a tiny part of the $709 billion U.S. restaurant industry, but popups have gotten a boost in recent years as a lower-cost, lower- risk way for entrepreneurs to test the waters. Some restaurant owners see them as a way to renew interest in existing locations. And some struggling cities, like Oakland, Calif., have turned to them to help revitalize local economies impacted by the recession （衰退）.The concept has been especially popular with up-and-coming chefs who want to test-drive as a menu concept without investing a fortune in a permanent space. “Your cooks and chefs are really talented, but they‟re stuck in the back of somebody else‟s kitchen cooking somebody else‟s menu,” says Zach Kupperman, chief businessman officer and co-founder of Dinner Lab.Chefs in Dinner Lab cook in the middle of space, give a brief introduction about the menu and themselves — and then bravely listen to diner feedback afterward. Pop-ups‟ temporary nature also allows restaurateurs to charge a deposit to make sure the diners will show up.Of course, trends in the food industry come and go quickly, and there is no guarantee that diners won‟t tire of the concept. Some en trepreneurs have resorted to even a weirder locations —in a former limestone mine, say, or at the top of a crane — to keep customers interested. Says Baras, “It's not quite part of the mainstream economy yet.”56. What does the underlined part “a revolution wasmade” in Paragraph One possibly mean?A. Chefs designed creative dishes.B. Diners tasted food in an innovative way.C. The capsule containing diners made a circle.D. Great changes were made in the food industry.57. Which of the following might NOT be the reasons for pop-up restaurants‟ fast development?A. Being temporary features pop-up restaurants.B. Pop-up restaurant can restore local economy to prosperity.C. Business owners venture into the business with fewer risks and investments.D. Restaurant owners can make diners interested in the original restaurants again.58. Perspective chefs are drawn to pop-ups due to the fact that__________________.A. pop-ups are becoming increasingly popular with diners worldwideB. they have the desire to explore a safer way to make a livingC. their investment in pop-ups will bring them a fortune on a permanent basisD. pop-ups provide a flexible test field for talented chefs‟ originality59. The writer‟s propose of writing the passenger is to___________________.A. appeal to people to dine out in pop-up restaurantsB. give a brief introduction of pop-up restaurantsC. warn business owners of the appearance of pop-up restaurantsD. foresee the future of pop-up restaurants‟ developmentKeys:56—59 CADBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)In Michael Morpurgo‟s novel War Horse, the horse is not only the principal character,he is the teller of his own story.Set in England and France 100 years ago War Horse tells the story of Joey, a handsome young horse who strikes up a close relationship with Albert, the teenage son of Joey‟s owner.But war breaks out and they are separated and plunged into the horrors of the war in France.Both survive and are finally reunited after a remarkable series of events seen through the eyes of the splendid war horse, Joey.The following cutting comes from near the beginning of the book after Albert, much to his56. What amazed Albert‟s father was that Joey could_______.A. help turn the soilB. survive the horrible warC. tell his own storiesD. make friends with people57. As for the coming war,Mother said that________.A. their village would get involved very soon.B. both Albert and Joey could be tough fightersC. the old duke‟s death maybe meant nothing to themD. Albert was not grown up enough to join the army58. Which of the following best describes Albert according to Joey‟s account in war horse?A. Imaginative but timidB. Innocent but braveC. Quiet but thoughtfulD. Ambitious but coldKeys: 56-58 ADBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.ALate one autumn day at the aquatic center(水上运动中心）in Ancenis, France, something wentquietly, horribly wrong. An 18-year-old named Jean-Francois LeRoy was a regular, coming often in the early evenings to swim in the 25-meter pool. Drownings are often difficult to spot. Most are near-silent incidents where the victim quickly sinks out of view. On this particular day maybe the lifeguards weren't paying as close attention as they should have been. Certainly they believed the tall athletic LeRoy was not a high-risk swimmer.But on this evening LeRoy was practicing apnea(屏气）swimming—testing how far he could swim underwater on one breath—and at some point, without making any visible or audible disturbance on the water's surface, he lost consciousness. The guards failed to notice as he stopped swimming and sank to the bottom of the deep end of the pool. With his arms crossed over his head and his feet twitching (抽搐),he was unconscious and drowning. It would lake him as little as four minutes to die.Although the human lifeguards watching the pool were unaware, 12 large machine eyes deep underwater were watching the whole thing and taking notice. Just nine months earlier the center had installed a state-of-the-art electronic surveillance system called Poseidon, a network of cameras that feeds a computer programmed to use a set of complex mathematical procedure to distinguish between normal and distressed swimming. Poseidon covers a pool's entire swimming area and can distinguish among dim reflections, shadows, and actual swimmers. It can also tell when real swimmers are moving in a way they're not supposed to. When the computer detects a possible problem, it instantly activates a beeper to warn lifeguards and displays the exact incident location on a monitor. The rest is up to the humans above the water.Sixteen seconds after Poseidon noticed the large, sinking lump that was Jean-Francois LeRoy, lifeguards had LeRoy out of the pool and gave him first aid. He started breathing again. After one night in the local hospital, he was released with no permanent damage. Poseidon had saved his life.56.People sometimes fail to detect accidents in the swimming pool because _______ .A.lifeguards neglect their dutiesB. drowning men don‟t struggle in waterC.there is no electronic surveillance system installedD.drownings often occur quietly and quickly57.Which of the following statements in NOT true?A.Lifeguards will give way to Poseidon system.B.Poseidon system can locate drowning incidents.C.Poseidon system can pick out unusual swimmers.D.Lifeguards will count on Poseidon system.58.The purpose of this passage is to ______________ .A.publicize a machine which can watch out for swimmers in distressB.tell people what may happen in a swimming poolC.warn swimmers not to swim underwater aloneD.advertise an aquatic center equipped with state-of-the-art devicesKeys: 56-58 D AASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)They swim lovely along the shore, looking for underwater greens to feed on. But these days, along Florida‟s western coast, something is mixing with the sea grass that manatees(海牛) like to eat. And it‟s making them sick - even killing them.It‟s a poisonous form of algae, usually called “red tide” because of its color. Algae are plant-like organisms that live mainly in water. Most are harmless, but not red tide. When it gets mixed in with the grass and the manatees eat it, they get so sick th at they can‟t even swim.“They‟re basically paralyzed(瘫痪的), and they become unconscious,”said Virginia Edmonds, an animal care manager. Manatees are mammals and they need to surface often to breathe in air. If a manatee is paralyzed, it can‟t swim and will drown.As of Monday, the current red tide outbreak has killed at least 174 manatees since the beginning of this year. That has already beaten Florida‟s record-high number for manatee deaths in a single year - and we still have nearly nine months to go!T he experts aren‟t sure when the red tide outbreak will end. So many more manatees are in danger. The situation has gotten so desperate that Florida zoos have rescued at least a dozen manatees. You can find manatees anywhere from Brazil up to Florida - and throughout much ofthe Caribbean Sea.In fact, the manatee is officially considered an endangered species. Thanks to the US government‟s protection, Florida‟s manatee population has grown to approximately 5,000 in recent years. But the red tide is threatening their survival. Some experts suspect that pollution from farms even might be fueling the red tide outbreak, because fertilizer that‟s used on farms often winds up in water. And when that fertilized water runs off into the Gulf of Mexico, it makes things grow faster - just like on land.56. The word “them”(in the 1st paragraph) probably refers to “________”.A. underwater greensB. algaeC.manateesD.endangered animals57. We can learn from the passage that the red tide ________.A.causes 174 manatees‟ deaths every month.B.disables manatees‟ ability to surface to breathe.C.has destroyed most of the underwater greens.D.helps to fertilize farm lands.58. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The experts‟ efforts to keep the red tide from spreading.B. The potential cause of the expansion of the red tide.C. The present situation of manatees in Florida.D. The deadly effect of the poisonous red tide on manatees.59. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. The red tide has been changing the manatees‟ habitant.B. The manatee is officially an endangered species.C. More efforts should be made to save the manatees.D. The red tide has been threatening the manatees.Keys: 56-59 CBADSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)They say a cat has nine lives, and I think that possible since I am now living my third life and Pm not even a cat. My father died when T was 15, and we had a hard struggle to make a living. And my mother, who was seriously ill in her last years, died while still in her 60s. My sister married soon after, and I followed her example within the year.This was when I began to enjoy my first life. T was very happy, in excellent health. I had a good job in San Jose and a beautiful home up the peninsula in San Carlos. Life was a pleasant dream. Then the dream ended. I became afflicted（使苦恼）with a slowly progressive disease of the motornerves, affecting first my right arm and leg, and then my other side. Thus began my second life....In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day, with the aid of special equipment installed in my car. And I managed to keep my health and optimism, to a degree, because of 14 steps. Crazy? Not at all. Our home was an affair with 14 steps leading up from the garage to the kitchen door. Those steps were a standard measure of life. They were my yardstick, my challenge to continue living. I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it ---repeating the process 14 times, I would be through---1 could then admit defeat and lie down and die.Then on a dark night in August, 1971, I began my third life. It was raining when I started home that night; strong winds and slashing rain beat down on the car as I drove slowly down one of the less-traveled roads. Suddenly the steering wheel jerked（猝然一动） . In the same instant I heard thebang of a blowout. It was impossible for me to change that tire! Utterly impossible!I started the engine and thumped slowly along until I came to the dirt road, where I turned in and where I found lighted windows welcomed me to a house and pulled into the driveway and blared the horn.The door opened and a little girl stood there. When she knew what happened to me, she went into the house and a moment later came out, followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting. I sat there comfortable and dry, and felt a bit sorry for the man and the little girl working so hard in the storm.About an hour later, the man's voice was heard, “This is a bad night for car trouble, but you're all set now. ” “Thanks，” I said. “How much do I owe you?” He shook his head, “Nothing. Cynthia told me you were a cripple. Glad to be of help. 1 know you'd do the same for me. There‟s no charge, friend.” I held out a five-dollar bill，“No! I like to pay my way.” He made no effort to take it and the little girl stepped closer to the window and said quietly, “Grandpa can‟t see it. ”56. “A cat has nine lives” here means _________.A. a cat can live nine times longer than any other animalB. a cat can die ninthC. a lucky man cannot die easilyD. the writer will live nine times57. What do you think of the man who helped change the tire? .A. Warm-hearted but pitiableB. Warm-hearted and happyC. A blind old man that has nothing to do every dayD. A poor old man that is always ready to help others58. How will the story be ended?A. The writer paid the little girl but the old man did not accept.B. The writer drove away with tears running down his cheek.C. The writer stayed there, without knowing what to do and how to do.D. In the next few frozen seconds the writer felt the shame and astonishment he had never feltbefore.59. The best title for this passage perhaps will be ___________.A. The Old Man and His DaughterB. Heart Leaping UpC. Never Lose HeartD. Good Will Be Rewarded GoodKeys:56-59 CBDBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）The Hawthorne experiment was conducted in the late 1920s and early 1930s. The management of Western Electric‟s Hawthorne plant, located near Chicago, wanted to find out if environmental factors, such as lighting, could affect workers‟ productivity and mora le. A team of social scientists experimented with a small group of employees who were set apart from their coworkers. The environmental conditions of this group‟s work area were controlled, and the subjects themselves were closely observed. To the great surprise of the researchers, the productivity of these workers increased in response to any change in their environmental conditions. The rate of work increased even when the changes (such as a sharp decrease in the level of light in the workplace) seemed unlikely to have such an effect.It was concluded that the presence of the observers had caused the workers in the experimental group to feel special. As a result, the employees came to know and trust one another, and they developed a strong belief in the importance of their job. The researchers believed that this, not the changes in the work environment, accounted for the increased productivity.A later reanalysis of the study data challenged the Hawthorne conclusions on the grounds that the changes in patterns of human relations, considered so important by the original researchers, were never measured. However, even if the original conclusions must be revised, they nonetheless raise a problem for social scientists: Research subjects who know they are being studied can change their behavior. Throughout the social sciences, this phenomenon has come to be called the Hawthorne effect.56. The author implies that a sharp decrease in light increased workers‟ output because ________.A. the workers experienced less eyestrain in a dark working placeB. the workers had to pay more attention to what they were doingC. the workers knew they were being observed, and this motivated themD. the workers in the experiment were paid more than other workers57. The pattern of organization of the second paragraph is__________.A. list of itemsB. time orderC. definition and exampleD. cause and effect58. The Hawthorne experiment suggests that___________.A. workers‟ attitudes are more important than thei r environmentB. social scientists are good workersC. productivity in electric plants tends to be lowD. even those who were not in the experiment improved their productivity59. The author‟s main purpose is_____________.A. to explain the Hawthorne effectB. to prove the importance of researchC. to amuse with a surprising experimentD. to suggest ideas for future researchKeys:56-59 CDAASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）A woman standing over six feet tall and weighing about 200 pounds isbound to make an impression. But in Mary Fields‟ case, these features wereoutmatched by a heart of gold that made her legendary (传奇的).Born into slavery in Tennessee in 1832 or 1833, Mary had nothing, noteven a date of birth. However, in her early years, she found something of trulylasting value—a friend named Dolly. In addition to friendship, Dolly also may have taught Mary to read and write, an invaluable advantage for slaves. At the end of America‟s Civil War, Mary finally received her freedom and made her own way out into the world.Mary was employed on a steamboat as a maid when she received word from Dolly, now a nun(修女) in Ohio called Mother Amadeus. Mary arrived in Ohio in 1878 and worked at Amadeus‟ girls‟ school, managing the kitchen and garden. She became known as a gun-carrying, cigar-smoking woman, but also as an example of kindness and reliability. After a few years,though, Amadeus was sent to another school out West in Montana, becoming the first black woman to settle in central Montana.When Mary was in her 50s, a sick Mother Amadeus called her West. So Mary made her way to the small town of Cascade, Montana, to nurse Amadeus to health. She did this and more, running supplies and visitors to St. Peter‟s Mission where Amadeus lived. Once when her wagon (四轮马车) overturned, she guarded the delivery from wolves through the night.But Mary‟s rough edges caused the local bishop (主教) to prohibit her from working at the mission. Mother Amadeus then set her up as the first African-American female employee of the U.S. Postal Service. Though in her 60s, Mary was such a dependable mail carrier that she earned the name “Stagecoach” Mar y. She became a beloved figure in Cascade. She was the only woman allowed in the saloon (酒馆), was the baseball team‟s biggest fan and was given free meals in the town hotel.Nearly 70, Mary quit delivering the mail but remained in Cascade. The town‟s schoo l closed to celebrate her unknown birthday twice a year. When she passed away in 1914, a simple cross was placed to mark her grave and her legend in the Wild West.56. What about Mary Fields impressed people most?A. Her tall and fat figure.B. Her reputation as an educated slave.C. Her friendliness and responsibility.D. Her habit of carrying a gun and smoking.57. Which of the following shows Mary‟s life experience in the order of time?①Mary began to deliver mail in Cascade.②Mary worked in a school in Montana.③Mary was taught to read and write.④Mary took care of sick Amadeus.⑤Mary worked on a steamed boat.A. ⑤①③②④B. ⑤④②①③C. ②④⑤③①D. ③⑤②④①58. Mary became a mail carrier because ________.A. people in Cascade loved herB. she once worked at St. Peter‟s MissionC. Mother Amadeus recommended herD. the US Postal Service needed a female employee59. In th e last paragraph, “her legend” most probably refers to ________.A. her high social statusB. her unusual life as a pioneerC. her friendship with Amadeus.D. her role in the liberation of slaves。
2017年上海青浦区高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷
2017年上海青浦区高三一模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）1、【来源】 2017年上海青浦区高三一模第21~30题One day a professor entered the classroom and told the students about a surprise test. After hearing that, all students1（seat） and waited for the test to begin. The professor gave the test papers to all students with the text2（face） down at the desk. Once he handed out the test papers to all students, he asked them to turn the test pages and begin.Students were confused to see there was not a question3just a black dot in the center of the page. The professor noticed the students' face expression and told them, "I want you to write about what you see there."The students were even4（confused） but started the test by then. At the end of the class, the professor took all answer sheets and started reading each answer in front of all students. All of them described about the black dot,5position they tried to explain. After the professor finished reading, the whole class was silent.The professor explained, "Don't worry. I am not going to give you grades but I just want you to think about something. Here6focused on the black dot but no one wrote about the white paper, and the same is with our lives. The white paper represents our whole life and the black spot represents problems in our life.7our life is a gift given to us by God, with love and care, we have every reason to celebrate. Still we just focus on problems like health issues, problems in relationships etc., but we never see these problems are very small comparedwith8we have in our lives.”So there is the moral lesson: we9try to take eyes off our problems and enjoy each moment that life10（give） us. Be happy and live the life positively.二、选词填空（共10小题，每题1分，满分10分）2、【来源】 2017年上海青浦区高三一模第31~40题Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Have you ever watched a television show or a movie and felt like you were watching a really long commercial? If so, then you've fallen1to bad product placement （产品植入）. Clever marketing folks want their products to be2within a scene, butnot the focus. When done correctly, product placement can add a sense of realism to a movie or television show.Product placement3from as early as 1950s when a drinks company paid to have a character in the movie The African Queen toss loads of their product overboard. Since then, there have been countless placements in thousands of movies.Sometimes product placement just happens. A set dresser （布景人员）might think of something that4the level of credibility or realism of the story. One example is the use of a can of ant killer in a violent fight scene in the popular television programme The Sopranos. A spokeswoman for the manufacturer said if the company had not been5about the use of their product, they would not have given it a thumbs-up.Arranged product placement deals are more prevailing. The most common type is a simple exchange of the product for the placement. A deal is made; in exchange for the airtime, the cast and crew are provided with a（n）6supply of the company's products.Sometimes, a gift of the product isn't an appropriate form of compensation, and then thedeal,7with money, works well. Someone from a manufacturer's marketing team hears about a movie project, and approaches the set dresser with a（n）8attractive proposal. They come to an agreement, and the product makes a number of9casual appearances. Both teams are happy.Before product placement really saw a rapid growth in the mid-1980s, it was pretty much a do-it-yourself10. Now there are entire agencies that can handle the job. Some larger corporations will dedicate personnel to seek out opportunities for placement within films, television shows — even games and music.A. approachedB. generousC. financiallyD. effortE. datesF. victimG. closedH. substitutingI. boostsJ. visibleK. seemingly三、完形填空（共15小题，每题1分，满分15分）3、【来源】 2017年上海青浦区高三一模第41~55题2018~2019学年上海杨浦区上海市杨浦高级中学高二上学期期中第41~45题15分(每题1分) Traditionally uniforms were manufactured to protect the worker. When they were first designed, it is also likely that all uniforms made symbolic sense—those for the military, for example, wereoriginally1to impress and even terrify the enemy; other uniforms indicated a distinction in2chefs wore white because they worked with flour, but the main chef wore a black hat to show he inspected and supervised.The last 30 years, however, have seen an increasing3on their role in mirroring the image of an organization and in uniting the workforce, particularly in "customer facing" industries. From uniforms and workwear has emerged "4clothing" . "The people you employ are your ambassadors （大使），'' says Peter Griffin, managing director of a major retailer in the UK. “What they say, how they look, and how they behave is of vital importance." From being a simple means of5who is a member of staff, the uniform is emerging as a new channel of marketing communication.Truly effective marketing through6images such as uniforms is a subtle art, however. How we look sends all sorts of powerful messages to other people. Dark colors give a sense of7while lighter color shades suggest approachability. Certain dress style creates a sense of conservatism （守旧），while others a sense of8to new ideas. If the company is selling quality, then it must have quality uniforms. If it is selling style, its uniforms must be stylish. If it wants to appear9, everybody can't look exactly the same.But turning corporate philosophies into the right combination of color, style, degree of branding and uniformity is not always10. According to Company Clothing magazine, there are 1000 companies supplying the workwear and corporate clothing market. Of these,2211for 85% of total sales一£380 million in 1994.A successful uniform needs to12two key sets of needs. On the one hand, no uniform will work if staff feel uncomfortable or ugly. On the other hand, itis13if the look doesn't express the business's marketing strategy. The greatest challenge in this respect is time. When it comes to human awareness, first impressions count. Customerswill assess the way staff look in just a few seconds, and that few secondswill14their attitudes from then on. Those few seconds can be so important that big companies are prepared to15years, and millions of pounds, getting them right.A. intendedB. tendedC. extendedD. attendedA. statueB. stabilityC. statusD. statisticsA. preferenceB. argumentC. complimentD. emphasisA. cooperateB. politicalC. corporateD. academicA. exposingB. identifyingC. qualifyingD. requestingA. studioB. audioC. visualD. casualA. clarityB. authorityC. availabilityD. accessibilityA. exposureB. rejectionC. reluctanceD. opennessA. stableB. uniformC. innovativeD. similarA. smoothB. disagreeableC. objectiveD. complexA. exchangeB. callC. standD. accountA. establishB. balanceC. neglectD. desertA. pointlessB. significantC. usefulD. carelessA. maintainB. shapeC. drawD. valueA. commitB. commandC. dedicateD. invest四、阅读理解（共11小题，每题2分，满分22分）4、【来源】 2017年上海青浦区高三一模（A篇）第56~59题St Kilda is a tiny archipelago （群岛）of the North Atlantic Ocean. The islands are among the most spectacular, but the greatest fascination is that, for over a thousand years, people lived there and possessed a sense of community. Cut off from the mainland, the islanders had a distinct way of living their lives, mainly eating the seabirds that returned to breed on the rocks.Isolation also had a big effect upon St kildans attitudes and ideas. The people sacrificed themselves year in and year out, in a constant battle to secure a livelihood. In such harsh conditions, life was only possible because the whole community worked together.In the 19th century St Kilda was subject to pressures from the outside world. Education, religion and tourism all attempted to throw the St Kildans5 way of life into doubt. In the early 20th century, the strength of the community became weakened as contact with the rest of Britain increased. When disease cut their numbers, and wind and sea made it difficult to get adequate food, the St Kildans were forced to turn to the mainland for assistance.In 1930, the St Kildans finally agreed to abandon their homes. They settled on the Scottish mainland, not realizing it meant throwing themselves into the 20th century. As adults, they had to accept those values most Scots believe in. For instance, the islanders found it difficult to' base their existence upon money. They had never lived in a world where they bought goods and services from each other.The islanders showed themselves indifferent to the jobs they were given on the mainland. The labours asked of them were unskilled compared with the spectacular skills they had once performed in order to kill seabirds. Moreover, killing birds had once provided the community with food to survive. On the mainland, however, the tasks they were asked to perform did not provide them immediately with what was needed to keep them fed and warm.The history of the St Kildans after the evacuation （撤离），of their inability and lack of resolution to fit into urban society, makes sad reading. When they were resettled on the mainland, the St Kildans were forced to live in a society whose values were unacceptable and incomprehensible to the majority of them. For many, the move was a tragedy.(1) According to Paragraph 3, the following factors lead to St kildans seeking help from outside EXCEPT.A. unbearable windB. insufficient food supplyC. contact with BritainD. worsening health(2) After the St Kildans inhabited Scotland, they .A. soon learned how to buy goods and services from othersB. had trouble adapting to the value of dominant society.C. exhibited willingness to carry out their given jobs.D. had the opportunity to show their skills of killing seabirds.(3) Which of the following is NOT about how people used to live on St Kilda?A. The major source of food was found locally.B. It was essential for people to help each other.C. Very few people had visited mainland Scotland.D. Money played an insignificant role in life.(4) What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. The role of money in modern communities.B. How a community adapted to a different form of life.C. The destruction of an old-fashioned community.D. How a small community fight against opposite conditions.5、【来源】 2017年上海青浦区高三一模第60~62题The following safety risks may result in serious injury or death to the user of the MINI Cooper S:• This product contains small parts that are for adult assembly （组装）only. Keep small children away when assembling. Remove all protective materials before assembly. Be sure to remove all packaging materials and parts from underneath the car body.• Battery posts contain lead known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Never open the battery.• Body parts such as hands, legs, hair and clothing can get caught in moving parts. Never place a body part near a moving part or wear loose clothingwhile using the vehicle. Always wear shoes when using the vehicle.• Using the vehicle near streets, motor vehicles, drop-offs such as steps, water (swimming pools) or other bodies of water, hills, wet areas, in small lanes, at night or in the dark could result in an unexpected accident. Instead, use the vehicle on the highway. Always use the vehicle in a safe, secure environment.• Using the vehicle in unsafe conditions such as snow, rain, loose dirt, mud, or sand may result in unexpected action, for example tip over.•Using the vehicle in an unsafe manner. Examples include but are not limited to:—Pulling the vehicle with another vehicle or similar device—Allowing more than two riders—Pushing the user from the back—Traveling at an unsafe speed• Always use common sense and safe practices when using the vehicle.• Store the vehicle indoors or cover it to protect it from weather. Water will damage the motor, electric system, and battery.(1) When assembling, you should.A. open the battery on the spotB. ignore the packaging materialsC. make sure kids are not presentD. start from underneath the car(2) According to the text, it is safer to.A. use batteries containing leadB. drive in small lanes at midnightC. drive on the highway instead of on hillsD. wear loose clothes while driving(3) Where can you probably find the text?A. In an official report.B. In a medical journal.C. In a physics textbook.D. In a product handbook.6、【来源】 2017年上海青浦区高三一模第63~66题CIn a land swept by typhoons and shaken by earthquakes, how have Japan's tallest and seemingly most breakable old buildings — 500 or so wooden pagodas, tower-shaped buildings — remained standing for centuries? Japanese scholars have been confused for ages about their stability.For centuries, many attributed the resilience（抗震性）of pagodas to the massive trunk-like central columns known as shinbashira, which bends and swings during a typhoon or earthquake, just like a tall tree. But the amazing thing is that the shinbashira actually does not carry any load at all but is suspended from the top of the pagoda — hanging loosely down through the middle of the building. The weight of the building is supported entirely by twelve outer and four inner columns.And what is the role of the shinbashira, the central column? The best way to understand the shinbashira's role is to watch a video made by Shuzo Ishida, a structural engineer at Kyoto Institute of Technology. Mr. Ishida, known to his students as "Professor Pagoda" has built a series of models and tested them on a "shake-table" in his laboratory. In short, the shinbashira was acting like an enormous pendulum（钟摆）. Under pressure, a pagoda's loose floors could be made to slide back and forth independently. Viewed from the side, the pagoda seemed to be doing a snake dance — with each floor moving in the opposite direction to its neighbours above and below. The shinbashira, running up through a hole in the centre of the building, made it unlikely that individual storeys moved too far because, after moving a certain distance, they banged into it, passing on energy away along the column.Another strange feature of the Japanese pagoda is that, because of the building tapers（锥形）, with each floor plan being smaller than the one below, none of the vertical（垂直的）columns that carry the weight of the building is connected to its corresponding column above. In other words, a five-storey pagoda contains not even one column that travels right up through the building. More surprising is the fact that the individual storeys of a Japanese pagoda are not actually connected to each other. They are simply stacked one on top of another like a pile of hats.The extra-wide eaves（屋檐）also play a part. Think of them as a balancing pole of tightrope-walkers. The bigger the mass at each end of the pole, the easier it is for the tightrope walker to maintain his balance. The same holds true for a pagoda. With the eaves extending out on all sides like balancing poles, the building responds to even the most powerful earthquake with a graceful swinging, never an abrupt shaking.(1) In a Japanese pagoda, the shinbashira is designed to.A. bear certain amount of weight of the pagodaB. bend under pressure the way a tall tree doesC. connect the floors with pagoda's baseD. stop the floors from moving too far(2) Shuzo Ishida performs experiments in order to.A. apply the pendulum into practiceB. gain insight into the "shake-table" modelC. learn about the mechanisms of pagodasD. locate shinbashira exact position in a pagoda(3) Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the article?A. Some columns may extend from the bottom to the top of a pagoda.B. The functions of extra eaves and balancing poles are similar.C. The storeys of a Japanese pagoda are fitted loosely.D. Pagodas5 amazing capacity to resist impact has long puzzled scholars.(4) What is the best title for the passage?A. How Shinbashira Plays Its RoleB. Why Pagodas Do Not Fall DownC. Distinct Features of Japanese ArchitectureD. Shuzo Ishida, a Distinguished Engineer五、信息匹配（共4小题，每题2分，满分8分）7、【来源】 2017年上海青浦区高三一模第67~70题Why should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments?1. The wider the distribution of a species, the better its chance of survival.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be located. Additional resources are always beneficial when used wisely, and can increase our chances of survival. Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society atlarge.2. Also, we have already benefited from other by-products, including improvements in earthquake prediction — which has saved many lives — in satellites used for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick saucepans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products of technological developments in the space industry!3. The chances of a large comet（彗星）hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction of dinosaurs and other species. Human technology is reaching the point where it might be able to detect the possibility of this happening, and enable us to minimize the damage, or prevent it completely, allowing us as a species to avoid extinction.In certain circumstances, life on Earth may become impossible: over-population or wide spread diseases, for instance, might eventually force us to find other places to live. While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.4A. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives.B. Space allows us to expand and succeed: for the sake of everyone on the earth, now and in the future, space exploration is essential.C. The mysterious space objects varying in size have been fascinated scientists and scholars for years.D. It appears that we are driven to ensure the success and continuation of not just our own genes, but of the species as a whole.E. Therefore it still poses a problem for us human beings whether to explore the space at the cost of our own homelandsF. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers.六、任务型阅读（满分10分）8、【来源】 2017年上海青浦区高三一模第71题Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Last year my company was bought by a large corporation and most of the managers lost their jobs. That was when I decided to do something I'd always wanted to do ——become a freelance writer（自由作家）.Changing professions has meant that my lifestyle has changed in a number of ways.I work about as much as I did before ——between 45 and 50 hours a week —~ but my schedule is much less fixed than it used to be. Before, I worked from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. every day, with a few extra hours on weekends. Now, however, 1 work when I feel like it. For instance, sometimes I work until midnight or 2 a.m., then sleep until noon. I really prefer this kind of schedule.While I was working as a manager, I never exercised. I already felt tired after work, so I just came home in the evening and watched TV. However, last year I joined a health club and began to do regular exercise. As a result I have lost over 10 pounds and I feel much better. Tve also started to eat more healthfully. I used to eat a lot of fast food, but now I do my own shopping. I buy lots of fruits and vegetables and cook them at home.Of course, not all the changes have been that easy. For example, I don't feel as safe financially as I used to. When I was working as a manager, I never worried much about money. I could always count ongetting my paycheck every two weeks. Working freelance, I don't have a regular paycheck. So now I have to make sure that there's enough money until the next check arrives.All in all, I really like my current lifestyle. Of course, that doesn't mean I'll never want to have a "regular" job. But for me, at least, it suits me.七、句子翻译（满分15分）9、【来源】 2017年上海青浦区高三一模第72~75题Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.(1) 中午的欢迎会已推迟到下周三。
英语中考说明文选题试题及答案
英语中考说明文选题试题及答案1.(2017·青浦·一模)A.simpleB.aloneC.warmD.protectE.at the same timeHiking is a great way to travel.You will get close to nature and take exercise(1)_____.It is easy to do and doesn't have to be very expensive.You can hike close to home or travel to other places.The basic equipment you need for hiking is(2)_____:good shoes,clothes and a backpack.You can hike in the mountains,in a forest or along the river.You can also go for a hike in the city.Hiking is interesting and exciting,but you shouldn't forget safety.Here are some basic tips for successful hiking:1.Don't hike(3)_____.2.Tell someone where you are going.3.Bring water and a good map.4.Watch out for dangers,such as spiders,snakes,or poisonous(有毒的)plants.5.Wear a hat to(4)_____yourself from the sun.6.Bring a mobile phone if you have one.A.skillsB.perfectC.unlessD.succeedes fromAnother exciting adventure is rafting.A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams.Rafting is a good way to experience nature.If you want a(5)_____rafting trip,choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few trees and other dangers:The name“whitewater”(6)_____the fact that the water in t hese streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.As with rafting,you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes.You also need to learn the basic(7)_____of rafting,such as how to handle the raft,how to paddle and how to get in and out of the raft.You should not go rafting(8)_____you know how to swim,and you should wear a life jacket.2.(2017·闵行·二模)A.cleanmpC.changedD.specialE.On the other handThere have been some strange laws in the past.In the times of Peter Great in Russia,rich people weren't allowed to have beards(胡子).If they wanted to keep their beards,they had to pay a(1)_____tax(税)to the government.In eighteenth-century England,people had to pay“window tax”for each window in their houses.However,this law was finally(2)_____because many people chose to live in houses without windows so that they didn't have to pay!In the nineteenth century,female teachers in the USA couldn't get married,or even go out with men.If they got engaged(订婚),they had to give up their jobs immediately.(3)_____,male teachers could get married and have children without any problems!If you travelled in any motor vehicle in nineteenth-century Britain,the law said that there must be someone in front of you,waving a red flag,or at night time a red(4)_____.This meant,in practice,that you couldn't travel at more than about eight kilometers per hour!A.onlyB.problemC.hotD.leaveE.stayedIn the Midwest of the USA in the 1880s,you were not allowed to eat ice cream sodas on Sunday.Restaurant owners solved this(5)_____by serving ice cream without soda,which became known as a“Sunday”or“sundae”.Also there are some more unusual laws from around the world.In Singapore,people who like to chew gum(口香糖)must(6)_____Singapore.The government really wants to keep the city clean and will fine you for chewing gum.In Thailand it's against the law to drive a car or motorcycle without a shirt on,no matter how(7)_____it is.Punishments(惩罚)are different in different areas and can include warnings and tickets costing about$10.No joke—the local police will stop you.Don't buy things using coins in Canada.The Law of 1985 doesn't allow using(8)_____coins to buy things.Even the use of the dollar-coin is limited.The shop owner has the right to choose whether to take your coins or not.3.(2018·徐汇·一模)A.cultureB.includedC.healthyD.existedE.homeOff the coast of Xiamen in Fujian Province,Kulangsu is no longer an ordinary Chinese village.On July 8,it was(1)_____in the UNESCO's World Heritage List(《世界遗产名录》).It makes China the country with the second most world heritage sites in the world with 52.The island might be small,but it's(2)_____to many big-name musicians;among them are pianist Xu Feiping and violinist Yang Jing.It also has the highest per capita(人均)ownership of pianos in China.Therefore,it is called China's“Piano Island”.“Western classical instruments rarely(3)_____in China before the end of the mid-1800s,”explains Robin Goldstein,tourism spokesperson for Kulangsu.“Kulangsu used to be a place for Westerners to live and work.Thus they brought(4)_____from Europe.As a result,Kulangsu became one of the first places in China to play and hear Western classical music.”A.viewsB.performanceC.EuropeanpletelyE.especiallyThe largest in the world—and the only one in China—the Gulangyu Piano Museum is hard to miss,thanks to an eye-catching figure that looks like piano keys.Inside,more than 100 shining pianos,(5)_____a precious old-plated piano and an antique(古董的)hand piano,provide the island's musical heritage.The tiny island is(6)_____free of cars and bikes,except the tourist trolleys(电车).Then there are the 19th-century buildings of(7)_____style and leafy seaside footpath.The beaches of Kulangsu might not be the same as the Philippines',but they're very clean—with white sand and palm trees.The highest point on the island offers(8)_____of the island's red rooftops and of downtown Xiamen across the river.Climbing to its top is great in the evening because the crowds are thinner,and you can watch the sunset and skyline of Xiamen begin to twinkle.4.(2018·浦东·一模)A.continuesB.seriousC.applyD.strongE.wildAnimal bitesIf an animal bites you,you can wash the part with soap and water and(1)_____the wound with a clean cloth if it is bleeding.Bites by(2)_____animals like bats,rats and foxes may cause terrible diseases.If this happens,ask for advice from a doctor.Nosebleeds(流鼻血)Although they are scary,nosebleeds are not strange in children and they usually aren't(3)_____.Let the person sit up with his or her head forward.Do not let the person lean back as this may cause coughing.Press the soft part of the nose for at least 10 minutes.If the nosebleed(4)_____after this,ask for advice from a doctor.A.gentlyB.ambulanceC.immediatelyD.careE.agentInsect stings(虫叮)Although insect stings can be awful,they usually don't require treatment by a doctor.They still need emergency(紧急)medical(5)_____.If a bee stings the person,remove it(6)_____with a hand.Wash the part with soap and e ice or a cool wet cloth to make it less painful.If there are any signs of getting worse,call a(n)(7)_____.pagenumber_ebook=145,pagenumber_book=136Knocked-out tooth(碰落的牙)Find the knocked-out tooth.Wash the tooth in milk or salt water.Store it in milk until you get to the dentist.Ask for help from a dentist or go to an emergency room(8)_____.It may help you save the tooth.5.(2018·虹口·二模)A.directlyB.eventpetedD.provedE.an ideaIn April,if you want to have a great time celebrating the arrival of spring,you can join the biggest kite(1)______in North America.The AKA(American Kitefliers Association)and the KTAI(Kite Trade Association International)have declared April to be the National Kite Month.Five people who flew kites and changed historyBenjamin FranklinIn June,1752,Benjamin Franklin began using kites to study the atmosphere.He flew a kite in the storm and(2)_____that lightning is electricity.Homan WalshDo you know Niagara Fall(尼亚加拉大瀑布)?In 1848,people decided to build a bridge over the great gorge(峡谷),but they didn't know how to get the very first line across the gorge.They finally had(3)_____.If someone could fly a kite across the gorge,they would have that line.A lot of people tried,but only 10-year-old Homan Walsh succeeded.Alexander Graham BellIn the early years of the twentieth century,Alexander Graham Bell,the inventor of the telephone,built huge man-carrying kites.Wright BrothersWilbur and Orville Wright invented the first airplane in 1903.They were also skilled in kite-flying and riding.Their years of kite-flying(4)_______led to the invention of the airplane.A.mediumB.watchC.attractedD.expectedE.fieldsRight kite-flying conditionsBecause we can't control the wind,we learn to(5)______for the right kite flying conditions.Wind that is too strong or too light is difficult to fly in.A flag or windsock(风向袋)can help you see the wind.The wind that is at the speed of about 5～25 mph is best for most kites.Kite-flying is most fun when the wind is(6)_____.You can do more than just hold on.You can make your kite dance across the sky by pulling in and letting out the line.The flying space should be a clear and open area.Stay away from roads,power lines or airports.Open(7)_____,parks and beaches are great for flying kites.The more room you have,the more line you can let out.Remember that as the wind goes over and around trees and buildings,it gets bumpy and difficult to fly kites in.Watch out for kite eating trees!Never fly in rain or lightning.Electricity in the clouds is(8)_____to wet kite lines and foolish kite fliers.6.(2018·奉贤·二模)A.calculateB.endC.equalD.throughoutE.similarOn March 14,maths and science lovers around the world celebrated a special day:Pi Day.Pi is(1)_____to about 3.14,but the number goes on endlessly.It is sometimes written in Greek,π.With the help of computers,mathematicians have been able to(2)_____pi out to over trillion(万亿)decimal places,but there is still no(3)______to the number.This makes pi puzzling,even for the most famous scientists and mathematicians.Pi Day is celebrated around the world on March 14,since how we write this date,3/14,looks just like the number pi.For some people,the appeal(吸引力)of Pi Day goes far beyond maths and science.Pi shows up(4)_____popular culture.You can see it in movies,comics,music and more.“In modern movies,any time the filmmaker wants to evoke(产生)a sense of mystery,often the symbol pi is used,”says David Blatner,Jewish American writer of The Joy of Pi.A.contestspetingC.concertsD.fallsE.recitingPeople also love trying to memorize the digits of pi and(5)_____against others to see who can remember the most.Many teachers hold class(6)______to see how many numbers their students can memorize.The Guinness World Record for(7)_____the most digits of pi is held by Suresh Kumar Sharma of India,who successfully recited pi out to 70,030 decimal places.Above all,pi is about having fun with the number.People celebrate Pi Day by eating or throwing pie and with pi-related games and activities.This year,Princeton,New Jersey,held a birthday party for Albert Einstein whose birthday also(8)_____on March 14.There was also a“Walk a Pi Event”where people walked 3.14 miles together.Just like the number itself,thepossibilities for Pi Day are truly endless.7.(2018·松江·二模)A.spaceB.fashionableC.realizeD.solutionE.inventionAs more and more food safety problems are reported,Chinese people start to(1)_____them.Many families stop dining out and choose to cook at home.However,we are still worrying about the safety of the ingredients we are cooking with.Brazilians show us a good(2)_____.In Sao Paulo(巴西圣保罗市),the biggest city in Brazil,growing vegetables on one's own balcony has become(3)_____.Since most people in the city live in apartments,they don't have a garden.But if you make good use of the(4)_____on your balcony,it's enough to grow vegetables for a family of three.The new“urban(城市)farmers”all say that vegetables planted by themselves taste the best.What's more,they are safe and fresh.A.fresherB.heavilyC.tryD.pollutedE.togetherA scientist at the University of Sao Paulo has listed the good points of growing vegetables personally:they won't be(5)_____by pesticides or fertilizer(肥料);they contain more nutrients(营养物)and they are(6)_____;they can make the indoor air clean and they allow all family members to work(7)_____.Do you want to have a(8)_____after knowing all these advantages?I believe it would be rather easy if one of your family members has a green thumb.But if not,look for some tips.Here is a book we recommend:Growing Vegetables on the Balcony.8.(2018·静安·二模)A.physicalB.successfullyC.surviveD.exitE.existPlaying it cool with bullies(恃强凌弱)Have you ever met with bullies?They(1)_____in every school.Some use words,and others use(2)_____attack.No matter what method is used,the result is the same:bullies cause you to feel bad and make going to school a lot more difficult.Bullies can be a serious problem.However,if you act quickly,you can almost always keep them from bothering you.What can you do about them?Luckily,dealing with bullies is not as hard as you think.Just follow these simple steps,and there is a good chance you will(3)_____the bullies at your school.The first step to take when dealing with bullies is to understand them.Most bullies make others feel bad so they feel better about themselves.The best way to deal with this is to avoid them all together.Don't walk near them,change your seat in class,or if they come up to you,walkaway.If you can(4)_____ignore a bully for a few days,you will probably be left alone.A.pretendB.presentC.staffD.goalE.get in troubleWhen it is impossible to ignore the bully,you will have to take more powerful steps.Bullies tend to target kids who they think are weak and easy to attack.Their main(5)_____is to make you upset so they feel in control.The next time you see a bully,(6)_____to feel very brave and confident.If the bully says something to you,say“Stop it!”in a strong voice and walk away.If you see a bully picking on someone else,do the same.Bullies normally do not like confrontation(对抗).If the problem continues,the next step is to report the bully to a teacher.Then the bully will(7)_____.Bullies have been around for a long time,so experienced teachers will know how to deal with them and they can alarm school(8)_____to be on watch for future problems.Just remember to never get in a fight with a bully.Fighting will almost always make the situation worse.Be smart when dealing with bullies and you will be safe.9.(2018·黄浦·二模)A.sleepingB.nervousC.normalD.bodyE.problemIt happens every night—bedtime.But what if you're not sleepy?Should you still go to bed if you are just going to lie there with your eyes wide open?It's a(1)_____that has been around as long as there have been people trying to sleep.For many,thinking about(2)_____only keeps them awake.You might be excited by everything you did that day.Maybe you can't sleep because you don't like sleeping all alone in your room.Maybe you have a frightening dream that keeps coming back every time you close your eyes.All of these feelings are(3)_____.One thing that can help is talking to a parent about what you're thinking about.If you're(4)_____about taking a test,or upset about being laughed at in school,it can really help to tell somebody.Knowing that somebody has heard you can help your thoughts rest so that you can too.A.calm downB.evenC.alsoD.uncomfortableE.solutionThere's not just one reason why kids can't fall asleep,though,so there's also more than one(5)_____.If there's anything about your room that makes you feel(6)_____at night,like a picture that looks strange in the dark,or a noisy tap that leaks drop after drop,be sure to ask one of your parents if it can be moved or fixed.It may not(7)_____make sense why something bothers you,but if it's keeping you from sleeping,it should be changed.Another idea could be getting ready for bed earlier than usual.Try to take more time to(8)_____by taking a warm bath,or listening to a bedtime story at least 30 minutes before you want to go to sleep.10.(2019·闵行·一模)A.carried outB.probablyC.characterD.hobbiesmonUntil the early twentieth century,it was always unsuccessful to transfuse blood(输血)from one person to another person.Then in 1901,Karl Landsteiner,an Austrian scientist,discovered that there are four types of blood.These four blood types were named A,B,AB,and O.People have one of these four types.Blood type O is the most(1)_____around the world because the number of the people with type O is the largest,while type AB is the least.If people with type A blood are given type B blood,or people with type B blood are given type A blood,they will(2)_____die.Karl Landsteiner's research made it possible to be sure that people who need blood get the correct type.The study of blood didn't stop.In 1927,a Japanese doctor,Furukawa Takeji,(3)_____another research about blood.And he came up with the idea that it was possible to tell one person's(4)_____only by his blood type,which can help you know about the person quickly.A.suggestionsB.matchesugh atD.calmE.care forFor example,people with type A blood are usually serious.They always have a(5)_____and careful attitude when they deal with many things;people with type B blood are cheerful,and outgoing;people with type O blood are generous and honest;while those with type AB blood are often caring and helpful.They are always willing to(6)_____others.Last year,a doctor in the United States wrote a book that links blood types and what people eat.For example,his book gives some(7)_____,like people with type O blood should eat more meat and less bread.A diet for people with type A blood includes more vegetables.His book,Eat Right for Your Type,has been a hit with people who want to lose weight.What's more,the book says eating food that(8)_____a person's blood type can not only help them lose weight but also make them healthier.11.(2019·浦东·一模)A.proudB.tellC.customsD.proveE.reasonsIt's said there are two types of people in the world—cat people and dog people.Take a look at many posts written by dog lovers and cat lovers on social media.Both groups try to(1)_____why their preference is better.And both groups have good(2)_____.Dog lovers saythat“man's best friend”is faithful,active and sweet.On the other hand,cats are(3)_____“masters”,while their owners are more like their“servants”.But this is about more than just what kind of pet someone prefers.Someone's preference can also(4)_____you more about them as a person.A.outdoorB.livelyC.selectD.sadE.characterA new study from Carroll University shows that people may(5)_____pets based on their own personality.For example,cats are seen as independent animals that keep to themselves and are cautious(警惕的)of others.“If you are a cat lover,you're supposed to have the similar(6)_____,”said Denise,one of the psychologists(心理学家)who led the study.Denise's study shows that there are other personality differences between dog lovers and cat lovers.The former tend to be outgoing and(7)_____while the latter are quiet and openminded.Besides,Denise mentioned that people and their dogs prefer to do(8)_____activities,but if you're cat people,you're more likely to stay indoors with your cats.12.(2019·杨浦·一模)A.beatB.powerC.actuallyD.responseE.responsiblepagenumber_ebook=151,pagenumber_book=142We're hearing a lot these days about something called AI,or artificial intelligence.Put simply,AI is intelligence that is displayed by machines.In the beginning of computer technology,machines were(1)_____quite stupid.They could only do what people told them to do,and computers didn't have the(2)_____to do anything complex.Slowly,that began to change.In 1989,two AI programs,HiTech and Deep Thought,showed advanced problem-solving skills after they(3)_____human masters in the game of chess.It was then that people began to see the true potential(潜能)of AI.Today,AI can be used at work in our factories,online,and in our daily lives.Siri,the iPhone's digital assistant,is a good ers can say almost anything to Siri and get a surprisingly humanlike(4)_____.A.situationsB.operateC.amazingD.recentlyE.amazedThere are other intelligent personal assistants,like Google Assistant,which is an app that works with smart devices in your home.When it is given commands,it will connect to your other devices,allowing users to(5)_____their home appliances remotely.In late 2017,the world was(6)_____when Sophia,a human-like robot,made the news again.Developed by Hong Kong's Hanson Robotics,she was designed to work with humans and adapt to their behavior.She was interviewed by the press and was even given Saudi Arabiancitizenship.And more(7)_____,Sophia spoke at Brain Bar,which describes itself as“The Biggest European Festival of the Future”.It is clear from the video that Sophia continues to improve and update.The r obot even says that“Just a few months ago,I couldn't tell a dog's face from a human's face,but now I can.It's already saved me from a few embarrassing(8)_____.”13.(2019·长宁·一模)A.properlyB.suddenlyC.simpleD.depend onE.throughoutThere is an old story about a king and his daughter.The king asked his daughter how much she loved him.She said that she loved him as much as she loved salt.Her answer upset the king.Salt is a(1)_____thing,and it is very common.So the king thought his daughter didn't care about him.But the king was wrong.Salt might be common,but it is very important.Salt has caused wars and revolutions(2)_____history.So why do people care so much about salt?Salt has many uses.Our bodies need salt.If we don't have enough,our muscles,nerves and organs can't function(3)_____.We put salt on icy roads to make them safe.We also use salt to produce other products.Products like plastic,paper,glass,rubber and soap(4)_____salt.One kind of salt is even an important part of gunpowder.But for many years,salt's most important job was preserving food.A.businesspareC.modernD.ancientE.surviveLike other living things,most bacteria(细菌)that cause food to go bad need water to(5)_____.Salt takes in large amounts of water,so most bacteria cannot live in a salty environment.As a result,salt has the ability to preserve almost anything.For much of human history,this ability has made salt treasured and indispensable.Every(6)_____culture from Egypt to China rely on salt.Even today,we(7)_____hardwo rking,useful people to salt by calling them“the salt of the earth”.Since almost everyone needed salt,the salt trade was an important(8)_____.Salt could even be used like money.In fact,the word salary comes from the word salt.And valuable people are still said to be“worth their salt”.Today,salt is easy to get.It is no longer expensive,but it is still both important and useful.14.(2019·奉贤·二模)A.projectB.situationC.terribleD.wholeE.worriedDo you know where your food comes from?Does the pork you eat come from pigs that lived in good conditions?Does the chicken you buy come from free-range chickens?These days,ethical(伦理的)eating is getting popular as many famous people are helping to promote it.Some animals live in very(1)_____conditions.Hundreds of chickens stay in a cage,pigs haveto live in spaces that are not big enough for them to turn around in,and cows are kept in darkened places for the(2)_____of their unnatural lives.Now more and more people are(3)_____about the conditions of livestock animals.Jamie Oliver,a British chef,took part in a(4)_____focusing on pigs.The“Save Our Bacon”campaign showed the public what pig farming is like.He also questioned the actual quality of the meat from these farms.A.affectsB.attentionC.effectsD.activeE.realizeEnglish singer and song writer Paul Mc Cartney has been an(5)______promoter of vegetarianism(素食主义).He gave up meat in the mid 1970s.His wife Linda wrote vegetarian cookbooks.Paul and his daughters,designer Stella and photographer Mary,started their “Meat-free Monday”campaign and call on people to stop eating meat once a week.TV chef Hugh Whittingstall started a campaign called“Chicken out”!He wanted to make the public(6)_____how bad the conditions are for factory-farmed chickens.The film The End of the Line looked at the fishing industry.It is the world's first film on this topic.It shows that overfishing(7)_____the balance of life in the oceans.English actor Richard E.Grant,and film director Terry Gilliam appeared in advertisements to promote this film.Hope these campaigns will draw(8)_____to eating ethically and saving nature.15.(2019·静安·二模)A.enoughB.seriousC.resourceD.centuriesE.preciousFrom deserts to beaches to playgrounds,sand is found almost everywhere.It is a common sight.But you might not know that it is very(1)_____.Sand is widely used in glass-making and road-building.It is the second most-used(2)_____after water in the world,the BBC reported.However,the UN said that sand is not limitless and that we might be running out of it.Sand is made up of very small pieces of rock,soil and minerals.It can take thousands of(3)_____to form,but now we are using sand too quickly.According to the BBC,we use about fifteen billion tons of sand every year to build houses,roads,etc.That is(4)_____to build a 20-meter-high by 20-meter-wide wall around the equator(赤道)every year.Can you believe it?A.disappearB.probablyC.continueD.sometimesE.seldomPeople(5)_____put sand into the sea to make new islands.Singapore,for example,is now 20 percent bigger than it was in 1965.Palm islands are three large man-made islands in Dubai,UnitedArab Emirates.They took 94 million cubic meters of sand to build.If people(6)_____using this much sand,it will run out in many places.For example,Vietnam may run out of construction sand by 2020,Live Science noted.Since people need so much sand,they are trying to mine(开采)more of it.But this is bad for the environment.Mining sand may cause beaches to(7)_____and more floods to happen in places close to the sea.Also,this will(8)_____affect the habitats(栖息地)of many plants and animals.16.(2019·闵行·二模)A.stood forB.actuallyC.good luckD.directlyE.easierpagenumber_ebook=154,pagenumber_book=1452019 is the Year of the Pig according to Chinese tradition.Do you know what pigs are really like?People sometimes say,“You are as stupid as a pig.”But pigs are not stupid.They are(1)_____one of the 10 smartest animals.They have a good memory and can tell different shapes apart.Many experts think pigs are(2)_____to train than dogs or cats.In France,people teach pigs to find truffles(松露).With their good sense of smell,they can find truffles even faster than dogs.People in ancient China really liked pigs.People thought the pig's big head and ears were a symbol of(3)_____.If someone had a round and chubby face,he or she was thought to be blessed(有福气的).People also believed the animal(4)_____wealth.Piggy banks are a symbol of this.Most children have piggy banks that they can use to save money.A.materialsB.proud ofC.happinessD.appearE.familiar withPeople born in the Year of the Pig are said to be fun,patient and understanding.But some say they care for others too much and are willing to sacrifice their own(5)_____.They also forget things quickly.Many famous people were born in the Year of the Pig,such as US writer Earnest Hemingway and Chinese athlete Liu Xiang.Pigs often(6)_____in fairy tales,cartoons and movies.In the story The Three Little Pigs,a mother pig sends her three children to live on their own.Each of them builds a house with different(7)_____.When the big bad wolf comes,each pig hides in his own house.Whose house will survive?Another popular pig is Mc Dull.He is a little pink pig who lives in Hong Kong.He is not bright,but he works hard.One of his simple wishes is to make his mother(8)_____him.He also wants to go to the Maldives and have a turkey dinner for Christmas.17.(2019·松江·二模)A.eatB.partC.servingD.placemonYou may have seen many pumpkins(南瓜)in TV recently since Halloween(万圣节)came on nterns made of pumpkins,also known as jack-o'-lanterns,are often seen during Halloween.Many people in the U.S.like to make them and put them in front of their。
2017届上海市青浦区高考英语一模试卷
2017届上海市青浦区高考英语一模试卷(考试时间120分钟，满分140分）I.Listening Comprehension Section A Short ConversationsDirections. In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end ofeach conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.D. Five.2. A. In a clinic. B.In a cinema.C. In an electronics store.D.In a bookstore.3. A. A salesperson. B. A pilot. C. A waitress. D. A firefighter.4. A. To work in July. B.To print a form.C. To go back to school.D.To take a vocation.5. A. He dropped his phone. B.He hates long-distance calls.C. His call got cut off.D.His mobile is too long.6. A. He is consulting. B.He is arguing with the woman.C. He is complaining.D.He is giving advice.7. A. People are waiting at the automatic ticket machine.B.The man will not stay in line for the tickets.C.The woman will exchange tickets at the machine.D.They are waiting in line buying tickets for a movie.8. A. She has confidence in her job.B. She has just got a job promotion.C. She is excited to see the man.D. She will make greater efforts.9. A. Find a paper in the copy machine.B.Fill out an application form.C.Show her library card.D.Sit at the table next to her.10.A. The posters are not as good as the stalls.B.The stall could have been more amazing.C.The charity event was a copy of the past.D.She was having hearing problems.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To show one’s love. B. To comfort someone.C. To identify an old friend.D. To congratulate someone.12. A. France. B. America.C. China. D. Britain.13.A. A comparison between the west and the east.B.People hug each other for many reasons.C.The French is a nation fond of hugging.D. A study on IQ and hugs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.12.A. To save time for laws to take effect.B.To weaken the government’s check.C.To give himself more power.D.To change the country’s political system.13.A. A category. B. A measurement.B.An activity. D. An airport.14. A. The major industrial growth. B. The number of people at the airport.C. The side effect of an emergency.D. The unhealthy level of pollution.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.15.A. Aging process. B. A talk show.C. Job hunting.D. Work pressure.16.A. He will be in a talk show in the afternoon.B.He used to be an actor but now a manager.C.He noticed the woman was under stress long ago.D.He suggests the woman do something different.17. A. Hungry.B. Exhausted. C. Energetic. D. Relaxed.18. A. The woman feels stressed because she is aging.B.The woman feels sick, so she doesn,t want to have lunch.C.Payday makes the woman feel better despite the great pressure.D.The man was happy that he was not given the job he applied for II. Grammar and vocabulary II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One day a professor entered the classroom and told the students about a surprise test. After hearing that, all students ____21____ (seat) and waited for the test to begin. The professor gave the test papers to all students with the text____22_____ (face) down at the desk. Once he handed out the test papers to all students, he asked them to turn the test pages and begin.Students’ were confused to see there was not a question ____23_____just a black dot in the center of the page. The professor noticed the students’ face expression and told them, “I want you to write about what you see there.”The students were even __24__ (confused) but started the test by then. At the end of the class,. the professor took all answer sheets and started reading each answer in front of all students. All of them described about the black dot, ___25______ position they tried to explain. After the professor finished reading, the whole class was silent.The professor explained, "Don't worry. I am not going to give you grades but I just want you to think about something. Here ___26______ focused on the black dot but no one wrote about the white paper, and the same is with our lives. The white paper represents our whole life and the black spot represents problems in our life. ___27___ our life is a gift given to us by God, with love and care, we have every reason to celebrate. Still we just focus on problems like healthissues, problems in relationships etc., but we never see these problems are very small compared with___28___ we have in our lives.”So there is the moral lesson: we ___29______ try to take eyes off our problems and enjoy each moment that life _____30____ (give) us. Be happy and live the life positively.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.B. generousC. financiallyD. effortE. datesF. victimG. closed H. substituting I .boostsHave you ever watched a television show or a movie and felt like you were watching a really long commercial? If so, then you’ve fallen ___31______to bad product placement (产植入）.Clever marketing folks want their products to be __32_ within a scene, but not the focus. When done correctly, product placement can add a sense of realism to a movie or television show.Product placement ___33______ from as early as 1950s when a drinks company paid to have a character in the movie The African Queen toss loads of their product overboard. Since then, there have been countless placements in thousands of movies.Sometimes product placement just happens. A set dresser (布景人员）might think of something that _34— the level of credibility or realism of the story. One example is the use of a can of ant killer in a violent fight scene in the popular television programme The Sopranos. A spokeswoman for the manufacturer said if the company had not been —35— about the use of their product, they would not have given it a thumbs-up.Arranged product placement deals are more prevailing. The most common type is a simple exchange of the product for the placement. A deal is made; in exchange for the airtime, the cast and crew are provided with a(n)___36______supply of the company's products.Sometimes, a gift of the product isn’t an appropriate form of compensation, and then the deal, ____37___with money, works well. Someone from a manufacturer's marketing team hears about a movie project, and approaches the set dresser with a(n) _38_ attractive proposal. They come to an agreement, and the product makes a number of 39— casual appearances. Both teams are happy.Before product placement really saw a rapid growth in the mid-1980s, it was pretty much a do-it-yourself ___40___. Now there are entire agencies that can handle the job. Some larger corporations will dedicate personnel to seek out opportunities for placement within films, television shows ——even games and music.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Traditionally uniforms were manufactured to protect the worker. When they were first designed, it is also likely that all uniforms made symbolic sense — those for the military, forexample, were originally____41_____to impress and even terrify the enemy; other uniforms indicated a distinction in ____42_____ chefs wore white because they worked with flour, but the main chef wore a black hat to show he inspected and supervised.The last 30 years, however, have seen an increasing____43_____ on their role in mirroring the image of an organization and in uniting the workforce, particularly in “customer facing” industries. From uniforms and workwear has emerged “___44______ clothing”. “The people you employ are your ambassadors (大使），’’ says Peter Griffin, managing director of a major retailer in the UK. “What they say, how they look, and how they behave is of vital importance.” From being a simple means of ___45___ who is a member of staff, the uniform is emerging as a new channel of marketing communication.Truly effective marketing through____46_____ images such as uniforms is a subtle art, however. How we look sends all sorts of powerful messages to other people. Dark colors give a sense of ____47_____ while lighter color shades suggest approachability. Certain dress style creates a sense of conservatism (守旧），while others a sense of___48______ to new ideas. If the company is selling quality, then it must have quality uniforms. If it is selling style, its uniforms must be stylish. If it wants to appear ____49____, everybody can’t look exactly the same.But turning corporate philosophies into the right combination of color, style, degree of branding and uniformity is not always ____50_____. According to Company Clothing magazine, there are 1000 companies supplying the workwear and corporate clothing market. Of these, 22 ____51_____for 85% of total sales 一£380 million in 1994.A successful uniform needs to___52______two key sets of needs. On the one hand, no uniform will work if staff feel uncomfortable or ugly. On the other hand, it is ___53______ if the look doesn't express the business's marketing strategy. The greatest challenge in this respect is time. When it comes to human awareness, first impressions count. Customers will assess the way staff look in just a few seconds, and that few seconds will____54_____ their attitudes from then on. Those few seconds can be so important that big companies are prepared to____55_____ years, and millions of pounds, getting them right.41. A. intended B. tended C. extended D. attended42. A. statue B. stability C. status D. statistics43. A. preference B. argument C. compliment D. emphasis44. A. cooperate B. political C. corporate D. academic45. A. exposing B. identifying C. qualifying D. requesting46. A. studio B. audio C. visual D. casual47. A. clarity B. authority C. availability D. accessibility48. A. exposure B. rejection C. reluctance D. openness49. A. stable B. uniform C. innovative D. similar50. A. smooth B. disagreeable C. objective D. complex51. A. exchange B. call C. stand D. account52. A. establish B. balance C. neglect D. desert53. A. pointless B. significant C. useful D. careless54. A. maintain C. draw D. value55. A. commit B. command C. dedicate D. investSection CDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)St Kilda is a tiny archipelago (群岛）of the North Atlantic Ocean. The islands are among the most spectacular, but the greatest fascination is that, for over a thousand years, people lived there and possessed a sense of community. Cut off from the mainland, the islanders had a distinct way of living their lives, mainly eating the seabirds that returned to breed on the rocks.Isolation also had a big effect upon St kildans attitudes and ideas. The people sacrificed themselves year in and year out, in a constant battle to secure a livelihood. In such harsh conditions, life was only possible because the whole community worked together.In the 19th century St Kilda was subject to pressures from the outside world. Education, religion and tourism all attempted to throw the St Kildans5 way of life into doubt. In the early 20th century, the strength of the community became weakened as contact with the rest of Britain increased. When disease cut their numbers, and wind and sea made it difficult to get adequate food, the St Kildans were forced to turn to the mainland for assistance.In 1930, the St Kildans finally agreed to abandon their homes. They settled on the Scottish mainland, not realizing it meant throwing themselves into the 20th century. As adults, they had to accept those values most Scots believe in. For instance, the islanders found it difficult to' base their existence upon money. They had never lived in a world where they bought goods and services from each other.The islanders showed themselves indifferent to the jobs they were given on the mainland. The labours asked of them were unskilled compared with the spectacular skills they had once performed in order to kill seabirds. Moreover, killing birds had once provided the community with food to survive. On the mainland, however, the tasks they were asked to perform did not provide them immediately with what was needed to keep them fed and warm.The history of the St Kildans after the evacuation (撤离），of their inability and lack of resolution to fit into urban society, makes sad reading. When they were resettled on the mainland, the St Kildans were forced to live in a society whose values were unacceptable and incomprehensible to the majority of them. For many, the move was a tragedy.56.According to Paragraph 3, the following factors lead to St kildans seeking help from outside EXCEPT______________.A.unbearable windB. insufficient food supplyC. contact with BritainD. worsening health57.After the St Kildans inhabited Scotland, they.A.soon learned how to buy goods and services from othersB.had trouble adapting to the value of dominant society.C.exhibited willingness to carry out their given jobs.D.had the opportunity to show their skills of killing seabirds.58.Which of the following is NOT about how people used to live on St Kilda?A.The major source of food was found locally.B.It was essential for people to help each other.C.Very few people had visited mainland Scotland.D.Money played an insignificant role in life.59.What is the passage mainly concerned with?A.The role of money in modem communities.B.How a community adapted to a different form of life.C.The destruction of an old-fashioned community.D.How a small community fight against opposite conditions.(B)The following safety risks may result in serious injury or death to the user of the MINI Cooper S:•This product contains small parts that arc for adult assembly (组装）only. Keep small children away when assembling. Remove all protective materials before assembly. Be sure to remove all packaging materials and parts from underneath the car body.•Battery posts contain lead known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Never open the battery.•Body parts such as hands, legs, hair and clothing can get caught in moving parts. Never place a body part near a moving part or wear loose clothingwhile using the vehicle. Always wear shoes when using the vehicle.•Using the vehicle near streets, motor vehicles, drop-offs such as steps, water (swimming pools) or other bodies of water, hills, wet areas, in small lanes, at night or in the dark could result in an unexpected accident. Instead, use the vehicle on the highway. Always use the vehicle in a safe, secure environment.•Using the vehicle in unsafe conditions such as snow, rain, loose dirt, mud, or sand may result in unexpected action, for example tip over.•Using the vehicle in an unsafe manner. Examples include but are not limited to:•Pulling the vehicle with another vehicle or similar device •Allowing more than two riders •Pushing the user from the back •Traveling at an unsafe speed•Always use common sense and safe practices when using the vehicle.•Store the vehicle indoors or cover it to protect it from weather. Water will damage the motor, electric system, and battery.60.When assembling, you should______________________.A. open the battery on the spotB. ignore the packaging materialsC. make sure kids are not presentD. start from underneath the car61.According to the text, it is safer to______________________.A. use batteries containing leadB. drive in small lanes at midnightC. drive on the highway instead of on hillsD. wear loose clothes while driving61.Where can you probably find the text?A.In an official report.B. In a medical journal.C. In a physics textbook.D. In a product handbook.(C)In a land swept by typhoons and shaken by earthquakes，how have Japan’s tallest and seemingly most breakable old buildings 一500 or so wooden pagodas, tower-shaped buildings — remained standing for centuries? Japanese scholars have been confused for ages about their stability.For centuries，many attributed the resilience (抗震’性）of pagodas to the massive trunk-like central columns known as shinbashira, which bends and swings during a typhoon or earthquake, just like a tall tree. But the amazing thing is that the shinbashira actually does not carry any load at all but is suspended from the top of the pagoda — hanging loosely downthrough the middle of the building. The weight of the building is supported entirely by twelve outer and four inner columns.And what is the role of the shinbashira, the central column? The best way to understand the shinbashira's role is to watch a video made by Shuzo Ishida, a structural engineer at Kyoto Institute of Technology. Mr. Ishida, known to his students as “Professor Pagoda” has built a series of models and tested them on a “shake-table” in his laboratory. In short, the shinbashira was acting like an enormous pendulum (钟摆).Under pressure, a pagoda’s loose floors could be made to slide back and forth independently. Viewed from the side, the pagoda seemed to be doing a snake dance — with each floor moving in the opposite direction to its neighbours above and below. The shinbashira, running up through a hole in the centre of the building, made it unlikely that individual storeys moved too far because, after moving a certain distance, they banged into it, passing on energy away along the column.Another strange feature of the Japanese pagoda is that, because of the building tapers (锥形), with each floor plan being smaller than the one below, none of the vertical (垂直的）columns that carry the weight of the building is connected to its corresponding column above. In other words, a five-storey pagoda contains not even one column that travels right up through the building. More surprising is the fact that the individual storeys of a Japanese pagoda are not actually connected to each other. They are simply stacked one on top of another like a pile of hats.The extra-wide eaves (屋檐）also play a part. Think of them as a balancing pole of tightrope-walkers. The bigger the mass at each end of the pole, the easier it is for the tightrope walker to maintain his balance. The same holds true for a pagoda. With the eaves extending out on all sides like balancing poles, the building responds to even the most powerful earthquake with a graceful swinging, never an abrupt shaking.62.In a Japanese pagoda, the shinbashira is designed to______________.A.bear certain amount of weight of the pagodaB.bend under pressure the way a tall tree doesC.connect the floors with pagoda’s baseD.stop the floors from moving too far58.Shuzo Ishida performs experiments in order to___________________.A.apply the pendulum into practiceB.gain insight into the “shake-table” modelC.learn about the mechanisms of pagodasD.locate shinbashira^ exact position in a pagoda59.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the article?A.Some columns may extend from the bottom to the top of a pagoda.B.The functions of extra eaves and balancing poles are similar.C.The storeys of a Japanese pagoda are fitted loosely.D.Pagodas5 amazing capacity to resist impact has long puzzled scholars.60.What is the best title for the passage?A.How Shinbashira Plays Its RoleB.Why Pagodas Do Not Fall DownC.Distinct Features of Japanese ArchitectureD.Shuzo Ishida, a Distinguished EngineerSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Why should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments?67________________. The wider the distribution of a species, thebetter its chance of survival.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be located. Additional resources are always beneficial when used wisely, and can increase our chances of survival. Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society at large. 68_______. Also, we have already benefited from other by-products, including improvements in earthquake prediction — which has saved many lives — in satellites used for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick saucepans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products of technological developments in the space industry!chances of a large comet (彗星）hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction of dinosaurs and other species. Human technology is reaching the point where it might be able to detect the possibility of this happening, and enable us to minimize the damage, or prevent it completely, allowing us as a species to avoid extinction.In certain circumstances, life on Earth may become impossible: over-population or wide spread diseases, for instance, might eventually force us to find other places to live. While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in theA.The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives.B.Space allows us to expand and succeed: for the sake of everyone on the earth, now and in the future, space exploration is essential.C.The mysterious space objects varying in size have been fascinated scientists and scholars for years.D.It appears that we are driven to ensure the success and continuation of not just our own genes, but of the species as a whole.E.Therefore it still poses a problem for us human beings whether to explore the space at the cost of our own homelandsF.While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers.II.Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Last year my company was bought by a large corporation and most of the managers lost their jobs. That was when I decided to do something I’d always wanted to do ——become a freelance writer (自由作家).Changing professions has meant that my lifestyle has changed in anumber of ways.I work about as much as I did before ——between 45 and 50 hours a week —~ but my schedule is much less fixed than it used to be. Before, I worked from 8 . to 5 . every day, with a few extra hours on weekends. Now, however, 1 work when I feel like it. For instance, sometimes I work until midnight or 2 ., then sleep until noon. I really prefer this kind of schedule.While I was working as a manager, I never exercised. I already felt tired after work, so I just came home in the evening and watched TV. However, last year I joined a health club and began to do regular exercise. As a result I have lost over 10 pounds and I feel much better. Tve also started to eat more healthfully. I used to eat a lot of fast food, but now I do my own shopping. I buy lots of fruits and vegetables and cook them at home.Of course, not all the changes have been that easy. For example, I don't feel as safe financially as I used to. When I was working as a manager, I never worried much about money. I could always count on getting my paycheck every two weeks. Working freelance, I don't have a regular paycheck. So now I have to make sure that there’s enough money until the next check arrives.All in all, I really like my current lifestyle. Of course, that doesn’t mean I’ll never want to have a “regular” job. But for me, at least, it suits me.III.TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.中午的欢迎会已推迟到下周三。
2017年青浦高级中学高三开学考(含答案)
上海市青浦高级中学2017学年第一学期质量检测（9月）高三英语试卷（考试时间120分钟，满分140份）I. Listening Comprehension （略）II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper from of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Looking back at my younger years, I am sometimes amazed at how life has turned out. Nothing is exactly what I had originally planned for. The only thing（21）__________that stays the same is who I am, my values, and my interests. If I could go back in time and hang out with my younger self for a day, here's what I （22）__________( tell )her.1. Everything happens for a reason.（23）__________ mistakes and failure, you would never have learned. Without pain, you would never have grown. Once you understand this，you will know that everything comes in （24）__________( serve )a purpose. So don't stress or think that life is unfair, because everything happens for a reason. And only time will tell what it will teach us.2. Focus on one thing at a time. You can have it all but not all at once.（25）__________ is not surprising that many of us are doing too many things at once. We need to make ends meet. But if you are working three jobs at a time, it is not likely that you will succeed at any of them. You have to keep your eyes on the big picture. You have to ask yourself what exactly do you want to achieve for the next 10 years? Focus on one thing at a time. Achieve your goals one by one.3. Y ou can plan ahead, but your plan will definitely change when the time comes.You can plan ahead because sometimes planning ahead can give you a clearer direction of（26）__________ you want to go. However, plans will almost always change, so be prepared!4. Trust your instincts.Don't worry too much about a decision you （27）__________ __________ make. Just do what feels right. You know what you want. You might consult other people. But deep down, you know what you want. Do what makes you happy. Because at the end of the day, （28）__________ __________ you follow logic, you will want to quit and follow your heart.5. It's okay to be unsure about your purpose in life.You might be graduating or have hit a turning point with your career. You might feel a bit （29）__________(lose)and unsure of where to go. It's okay. Go out there and try as many different things as you can. Don't ever feel like you're wasting your time. Enjoy the journey. Don't rush. Every little path will lead you somewhere. And （30）__________(look) back, you will be able to connect the dots. It will all make sense.Section BDirections:Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one word more than you need.A. aggressiveB. slightlyC. psychologicalD. shelterE. withdrawnF. sufferedG. subjectedH. coping J. surprising K. fatesThe age at which kids first fall victim to bullying (欺侮）could influence how strongly they are affected, suggests a new study. And, _____31_____, it is not the youngest kids who are hurt the most in the long term.Bullying can have long-lasting effects，but particularly when it begins in adolescence，the researchers say. People _____32_____ to either verbal ( 口头上的）or physical bullying are known to be at greater risk of developing depression, anxiety disorders or to behave violently. But not everyone reacts in this way.Children bullied for the first time before they hit adolescence seem to get over it, but those who are bullied for the first time later on in adolescence seem to become more ____33______or are more likely to turn to drink as a means of _____34_____. These are the conclusions of psychologist Matthew Newman and colleagues from the University of Texas at Austin, US.The team gave questionnaires to nearly 1,500 college students regarding their experience of physical and ____35______ bullying before adolescence—before high school—and in late adolescence—at high school. They assessed mood and mental state, ___36______ by signs of anxiety or depression, such as sleeplessness. The group was also questioned about how they would react to certain challenges, such as humiliation.People who were bullied all revealed ____37______higher levels of stress. But while those bullied earlier in life seemed to respond normally to provocation (挑衅),people bullied for the first time late in adolescence are more _____38_____and sensitive to violence.There are also sex differences between those bullied for the first time during adolescence，with females more likely to react aggressively when provoked and males are much more likely to turn to alcohol to escape bad situations.The best solution in all cases was strong social support, whether from friends, family or school. Those with no one to share their problems with____39______ the most.So perhaps it is best not to ____40______ children completely from bullying early on，suggests Newman. “They may get stressed，,but unhealthy coping really jumps out when they are bullied for the first time later on. “III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or Phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Whether or not you believe Professor Stephen Hawking’s alarming theory that building a “strong” artificial intelligence (AI) could lead to the end of the human race, it’s clear that AI is reaching the point where soon it will affect almost every aspect of how we work with computers. We must get used to computers that ______41____ back.Last year, investment bank Deep V entures attracted much media attention when itannounced that it had _____42_____ an AI computer to its board of directors to help make important business decisions. What ______43____ happened was that the company used a program called VITAL to_____44_____ potential investments (授资) in different businesses. But VITAL doesn't attend board meetings or vote - it's just a ____45______. While it's not quite the evil robot we see in science fiction movies, it shows us how far computers and AI have _____46_____.Soon AI systems will be driving our vehicles, _____47_____ our facial expressions as we perform complex tasks, translating our voices into different languages and building other machines for us in factories around the world. But they won't look like us or pretend to be ____48______.In the new film Ex Machina, a computer scientist is asked to _____49_____ whether a beautiful human-looking robot called Ava has human intelligence. I won't ____50______the film for you, but it occurred to me that one of the reasons we believe other human beings are conscious and have intelligence is that we're told they are______51____. Indeed, if you stopped believing other people have _____52_____, you would quickly find yourself unable to function in the world.Google's Eric Schmidt argues that we shouldn't worry about AI, and that we need _____53_____ to redesign our education systems so that we learn how to get on with the machines. As powerful computer-based intelligences continue developing, we must _____54_____the belief that only humans have intelligence and consciousness. Just as we have accepted the reality that the self-awareness that makes minds possible exists within the animal world, we may soon accept that it can also exist within the_____55_____ world.41. A. stare · B. fight C. feed D. talk42. A. devoted B. contributed C. connected D. appointed43. A. actually B. undoubtedly C. surprisingly D. secretly44. A. operate B. analyze C. determine D. report45. A. computer B. robot C. program D. shown46. A. achieved B. advanced C. grown D. risen47. A. explaining B. interrupting C. interpreting D. directing’48. A. smart B. mature C. complicated D. human49. A. assess B. wonder C. question D. suspect50. A. harm B. spoil C. damage D. make51. A.at one time B.in time C. all the time D. behind the time52. A. opinions B. character C. ideas D. minds53. A. instead B.thus C. nevertheless D. likewise54. A. make up with B. hold to C. let go of D. take care of55. A. human B. unknown C. foreign D. machineSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Yes, I admit it. I’m a true, incurable book abuser(施虐人). I like to fold dog ears. I like to break my books open so that their backs crack.I had a friend, who loved rubbing all the pages. I have another friend who is the exact opposite. She needs to keep her books completely new. I understand her. But once I get to know the book, I can’t help but show it some tough love. Because, believe me, although it sounds like I’m an abuser without a heart, that’s what it’s all about. Not hidden aggressions, or a lack of respect; not at all. Let me explain.I have one book by my favorite author Diana Gabaldon that looks like rubbish. It’s completely wrinkled up from rain, and on its way to falling apart. I brought it like that to have her sign it. I hope she’s realized what an honor it is to her as a writer. It means, basically, that I’ve read the book to bits. I wouldn’t bother to mistreat books that don’t mean anything to me. Only the best books get read well, carried everywhere, worth intense reading where I’m so caught up with words that I will spill coffee over it.For my further defense, I would like to call in a witness. I have a cook book. Like almost all my other cook books, it’s worn, and there are dirty marks of food in it. The book is called Tex-Mex—Food, Music and the Joy of Life from Texas. Just as the title suggests, this is more than a cook book.These are the words on the very first page:Tex-Max hasn’t been trendy for over 30 years. Considering it’s anything but cheap in calories, it probably never will be, either. Tacos(墨西哥卷) are instead all about such an untrendy things as a love for life. It’s something you enjoy while spending time with your loved ones. …We hope, therefore, that this cook book will soon be as dirty as a really old and used cook book should be.Oh, how true! How wonderfully put! And it’s the same thing for books: whether you’re a book preserver or a book abuser, the approach is based on love and a joy for life. Because I believe all who are passionate about books, are passionate people.56. According to the passage, the writer often does the following to his book except______.A. have it dog-earedB. carry it everywhereC. keep it tidyD. have dirty marks in it57. Why does the writer treat his favorite books badly?A. To cover up his disrespect for its author.B. To conceal his aggressions to things around.C. To express his objection to the book preserver.D. To show his strong affection for the book.58. The book Tex-Mex—Food, Music and the Joy of Life from Texas is mentioned by thewriter to show that __________________.A. it is really common to have dirty marks in the cook bookB. Tex-Max is not popular mainly because it’s low in caloriesC. the writer is not alone with the view that books should be abusedD. one must try some food like Tex-Max to experience the love for life59. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. The defense of one who treats books badly.B. The reasons why a certain book is preferred.C. The book lovers’ different habits of reading.D. The different ways to treat different books.( B)About PISAThe Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a triennial(每三年一次的) international survey which aims to evaluate education systems worldwide by testing the skills and knowledge of 15-year-old students. To date, students representing more than 70 economies have participated in the assessment.What makes PISA differentPISA is unique because it develops tests which are not directly linked to the school curriculum. The tests are designed to assess to what extent students at the end of compulsory education, can apply their knowledge to real-life situations and be equipped for full participation in society. The information collected through background questionnaires also provides context which can help analysts interpret the results.What the assessment involvesSince the year 2000, every three years, fifteen-year-old students from randomly selected schools worldwide take tests in the key subjects: reading, mathematics and science, with a focus on one subject in each year of assessment. The students take a test that lasts 2 hours. The tests are a mixture of open-ended and multiple-choice questions that are organized in groups based on a passage setting out a real-life situation. A total of about 390 minutes of test items are covered. Students take different combinations of different tests.Additional PISA initiativesPISA-based Test for Schools(PTS)As interest in PISA has grown, school and local educators have been wanting to know how their individual schools compare with students and schools in education systems worldwide. To address this need, the OECD(The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development) has developed the PISA-based test for schools. It is currently available in the United States and the OECD is in discussions with governments to make the test available in other countries such as England and Spain.60 . PISA is different from other programmes because __________.A. its test is closely related to the school curriculum.B. its test aims to assess whether students can solve real-life problems.C. its test can equip students for full participation in school.D. test scores directly determine the analysis of the test.61. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Test-takers are carefully selected.B. Test-takers answer the same questions.C. Test-takers are tested on three key subjects.D. Test-takers spend about 390 minutes on the test.62 . What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. Students of all ages will be able to take PTS in the future.B. More countries are likely to have PTS in the future.C. School and local educators show little interest in PISA at present.D. PISA provides evaluation of education system within a certain country.( C)The Oxford dictionary has announced its word of the year. It’sspelled ... Actually, it isn’t spelled at all, because it contains no letters,just a “face with tears of joy” emoji.“The fact that English alone is proving not enough to meet theneeds of 21st-century digital communication is a huge change,” says Caspar Grathwohl, president of Oxford Dictionaries. When one of his dictionary colleagues suggested using an emoji instead of the word “emoji”, “lightbulbs went off”. Until recently, Grathwohl, who is 44, avoided using emojis altogether because he worried that he would look as if he “was trying to get in on teen culture”. “I felt inauthentic. But I think there was a tipping point this year. It’s now moved into the mainstream.”Some 76% of the UK adult population owns a smartphone, and of those, between 80% and 90% use emojis. Worldwide, six billion are sent daily. The “face with tears of joy” is the most used, representing 20% of all UK and 17% of all US emoji use. It has overtaken the standard smiley-face emoji in popularity, which may mean that emoji users are moving towards exaggeration or irony or fun, or that all this emoji use has brought everyone to a higher emotional plane. Even if you don’t send emojis yourself, you will probably receive the m.How far do emojis function as a language? “There’s a lot of prejudice against emojis,” Vyvyan Evans, a professor in linguistics at Bangor University, says. “A lot of people think they are a backward step, but this misunderstands the nature of human comm unication.” The picture is more complicated, with emojis offering both greater freedom and limitations than verbal language. “Emoji isn’t a language as such. They don’t develop in the way that the natural language does. But they are working according to the same principles of communication as the spoken language. What is the value of an emoji? I think I can prove this with an ordinary sentence.” There is a pause. “I love you,” he says. “Crikey(哎呀), I love you.” He says it again. The first time I think he me ans it; the second time we both know he doesn’t. “The meaning is coming from extra-languagefactors,” he says. “Emojis are performing the same function in digital speech.”Like any sort-of language, emoji is evolving. “I do think they are subtle(微妙) and r ich,” Grathwohl says. “They can mean different things to different people. The fact that we are using emoji in combination to express more complex ideas and experiences is one of the most fun and playful parts of the whole words. Will emoji finally come to look something more like traditional language that we understand?” he asks. “That would be interesting.”63. The sentence “lightbulbs went off” (Para 2) means that ______________.A. the president became embarrassed and annoyedB. the president suddenly realized he was outdatedC. the suggestion was immediately adoptedD. the suggestion started a heated discussion64. The “face with tears of joy” is more popular than smiley-face emoji, which means that _______________.A. emoji is changing constantlyB. smiley-face emoji is too traditionalC. adults have more sorrow than joy in their daily lifeD. people like to express their emotions in a richer way65. Vyvyan Evans uses the sentence “I love you” as an example (Para 4) to prove that _____.A. emoji can express the real meaning behind wordsB. emoji is different from the natural languageC. people feel free to use emoji in communicationD. emoji will limit people in expressing their feelings66. Which of the following statement might Grathwohl agree with?A. emoji is too childish for adultsB. people have the same explanation for an emojiC. using emoji can add fun to communicationD. emoji won’t develop into a languageSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. How is it possible for sauropod necks to get so long then?B. On the average, t he dinosaurs’ necks reached up to 15 meters in lengthC. The special anatomy of sauropods makes neck movements more efficient.D. This may have helped sauropods get vital oxygen down their long necks to their lungs.E. The long hollow necks helped sauropods to see farther objects and find food more easily.F. In contrast, nearly all mammals have no more than 7, from mice to whales to giraffes, limiting how long their necks can get.How did the largest of all dinosaurs evolve necks longer than any other creature that has ever lived? One secret: mostly hollow neck bones, researchers say.The largest creatures to ever walk the Earth were the long-necked, sauropods(蜥脚类恐龙). These vegetarians had the longest necks of any known animal.___________67______________. Their necks were six times longer than that of the current world-recorder holder, the giraffe.“They were really oversized,” said researcher Michael Taylor. “We’re used to thinking of elephants as big, but sauropods reached 10 times the size elephants do. They were the size of walking whal es.”_________68__________, scientists studied sauropod’s body structure and analyzed other long-necked creatures such as giraffes and ostriches. In their study, Taylor and his colleagues found that the neck bones of sauropods possessed a number of characteristics that supported such long necks. For instance, air often made up 60 percent of these animals’ necks, with some as light as birds’ bones, making it easier to support long chains of the bones.Sauropods also had plenty of neck vertebrae, up to 19. __________69______. And sauropods had small, light heads that were easy to support.Furthermore, sauropods and other dinosaurs probably could breathe like birds, drawing fresh air through their lungs continuously. Instead, mammals have to breathe out before breathing in to fill their lungs with fresh air ________70______.IV Summary WritingDirection:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main file of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it. Doesn't it? If you think so, you're not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades, What is it we want independence from, exactly? Most people would probably say that they want to beindependent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that old from elsewhere.The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle(涓涓细流)of biofuel available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.Second, Americans have basically decided that they don't really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don't read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices, At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.V. TranslationDirection: Translate the following sentences into English ,using the words given in the brackets.71. 他不顾新颁布的法律，坚持在春节期间燃放烟花。
2017届上海市青浦区高考英语一模试卷学生版
上海高考英语一模试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One day a professor entered the classroom and told the students about a surprise test. After hearing that, all students ____21____ (seat) and waited for the test to begin. The professor gave the test papers to all students with the text____22_____ (face) down at the desk. Once he handed out the test papers to all students, he asked them to turn the test pages and begin.Students’ were confused to see there was not a question ____23_____j ust a black dot in the center of the page. The professor noticed the students’ face expression and told them, “I want you to write about what you see there.”The students were even __24__ (confused) but started the test by then. At the end of the class,. the professor took all answer sheets and started reading each answer in front of all students. All of them described about the black dot, ___25______ position they tried to explain. After the professor finished reading, the whole class was silent.The professor explained, "Don't worry. I am not going to give you grades but I just want you to think about something. Here ___26______ focused on the black dot but no one wrote about the white paper, and the same is with our lives. The white paper represents our whole life and the black spot represents problems in our life. ___27___ our life is a gift given to us by God, with love and care, we have every reason to celebrate. Still we just focus on problems like health issues, problems in relationships etc., but we never see these problems are very small compared with___28___ we have in our lives.”So there is the moral lesson: we ___29______ try to take eyes off our problems and enjoy each moment that life _____30____ (give) us. Be happy and live the life positively.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A.approachedB. generousC. financiallyD. effortE. datesF. victimG. closed H. substituting I .boosts J.visible K.seeminglyHave you ever watched a television show or a movie and felt like you were watching a really long commercial? If so, then you’ve fallen ___31______to bad product placement (产植入）.Clever marketing folks want their products to be __32_ within a scene, but not the focus. When done correctly, product placement can add a sense of realism to a movie or television show.Product placement ___33______ from as early as 1950s when a drinks company paid to have a character in the movie The African Queen toss loads of their product overboard. Since then, there have been countless placements in thousands of movies.Sometimes product placement just happens. A set dresser (布景人员）might think of something that _34— the level of credibility or realism of the story. One example is the use of a can of ant killer in a violent fight scene in the popular television programme The Sopranos. A spokeswoman for the manufacturer said if the company had not been —35— about the use of their product, they would not have given it a thumbs-up.Arranged product placement deals are more prevailing. The most common type is a simple exchange of the product for the placement. A deal is made; in exchange for the airtime, the cast and crew are provided with a(n)___36______supply of the company's products.Sometimes, a gift of the product isn’t an appropriate form of compensation, and then the deal, ____37___with money, works well. Someone from a manufacturer's marketing team hears about a movie project, and approaches the set dresser with a(n) _38_ attractive proposal. They come to an agreement, and the product makes a number of 39— casual appearances. Both teams are happy.Before product placement really saw a rapid growth in the mid-1980s, it was pretty much a do-it-yourself ___40___. Now there are entire agencies that can handle the job. Some larger corporations will dedicate personnel to seek out opportunities for placement within films, television shows ——even games and music.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Traditionally uniforms were manufactured to protect the worker. When they were first designed, it is also likely that all uniforms made symbolic sense — those for the military, for example, were originally____41_____to impress and even terrify the enemy; other uniforms indicated a distinction in ____42_____ chefs wore white because they worked with flour, but the main chef wore a black hat to show he inspected and supervised.The last 30 years, however, have seen an increasing____43_____ on their role in mirroring the image of an organization and i n uniting the workforce, particularly in “customer facing” industries. From uniforms and workwear has emerged “___44______ clothing”. “The people you employ are your ambassadors (大使），’’ says Peter Griffin, managing director of a major retailer in the UK. “What they say, how they look, and how they behave is of vital importance.” From being a simple means of ___45___ who is a member of staff, the uniform is emerging as a new channel of marketing communication.Truly effective marketing through____46_____ images such as uniforms is a subtle art, however. How we look sends all sorts of powerful messages to other people. Dark colors give a sense of ____47_____ while lighter color shades suggest approachability. Certain dress style creates a sense of conservatism (守旧），while others a sense of___48______ to new ideas. If the company is selling quality, then it must have quality uniforms. If it is selling style, its uniforms must be stylish. If it wants to appear ____49____, everybody can’t look exactly the same.But turning corporate philosophies into the right combination of color, style, degree of branding and uniformity is not always ____50_____. According to Company Clothing magazine, there are 1000 companies supplying the workwear and corporate clothing market. Of these, 22 ____51_____for 85% of total sales 一£380 million in 1994.A successful uniform needs to___52______two key sets of needs. On the one hand, nouniform will work if staff feel uncomfortable or ugly. On the other hand, it is ___53______ if the look doesn't express the business's marketing strategy. The greatest challenge in this respect is time. When it comes to human awareness, first impressions count. Customers will assess the way staff look in just a few seconds, and that few seconds will____54_____ their attitudes from then on. Those few seconds can be so important that big companies are prepared to____55_____ years, and millions of pounds, getting them right.41. A. intended B. tended C. extended D. attended42. A. statue B. stability C. status D. statistics43. A. preference B. argument C. compliment D. emphasis44. A. cooperate B. political C. corporate D. academic45. A. exposing B. identifying C. qualifying D. requesting46. A. studio B. audio C. visual D. casual47. A. clarity B. authority C. availability D. accessibility48. A. exposure B. rejection C. reluctance D. openness49. A. stable B. uniform C. innovative D. similar50. A. smooth B. disagreeable C. objective D. complex51. A. exchange B. call C. stand D. account52. A. establish B. balance C. neglect D. desert53. A. pointless B. significant C. useful D. careless54. A. maintain B.shape C. draw D. value55. A. commit B. command C. dedicate D. investSection CDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)St Kilda is a tiny archipelago (群岛）of the North Atlantic Ocean. The islands are among the most spectacular, but the greatest fascination is that, for over a thousand years, people lived there and possessed a sense of community. Cut off from the mainland, the islanders had a distinct way of living their lives, mainly eating the seabirds that returned to breed on the rocks.Isolation also had a big effect upon St kildans attitudes and ideas. The people sacrificed themselves year in and year out, in a constant battle to secure a livelihood. In such harsh conditions, life was only possible because the whole community worked together.In the 19th century St Kilda was subject to pressures from the outside world. Education, religion and tourism all attempted to throw the St Kildans5 way of life into doubt. In the early 20th century, the strength of the community became weakened as contact with the rest of Britain increased. When disease cut their numbers, and wind and sea made it difficult to get adequate food, the St Kildans were forced to turn to the mainland for assistance.In 1930, the St Kildans finally agreed to abandon their homes. They settled on the Scottish mainland, not realizing it meant throwing themselves into the 20th century. As adults, they had to accept those values most Scots believe in. For instance, the islanders found it difficult to' base their existence upon money. They had never lived in a world where they bought goods and services from each other.The islanders showed themselves indifferent to the jobs they were given on the mainland. The labours asked of them were unskilled compared with the spectacular skills they had once performed in order to kill seabirds. Moreover, killing birds had once provided the community with food to survive. On the mainland, however, the tasks they were asked to perform did not provide them immediately with what was needed to keep them fed and warm.The history of the St Kildans after the evacuation (撤离），of their inability and lack of resolution to fit into urban society, makes sad reading. When they were resettled on the mainland, the St Kildans were forced to live in a society whose values were unacceptable and incomprehensible to the majority of them. For many, the move was a tragedy.56. According to Paragraph 3, the following factors lead to St kildans seeking help from outside EXCEPT______________.A. unbearable windB. insufficient food supplyC. contact with BritainD. worsening health57. After the St Kildans inhabited Scotland, they .A. soon learned how to buy goods and services from othersB. had trouble adapting to the value of dominant society.C. exhibited willingness to carry out their given jobs.D. had the opportunity to show their skills of killing seabirds.58. Which of the following is NOT about how people used to live on St Kilda?A. The major source of food was found locally.B. It was essential for people to help each other.C. Very few people had visited mainland Scotland.D. Money played an insignificant role in life.59. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. The role of money in modem communities.B. How a community adapted to a different form of life.C. The destruction of an old-fashioned community.D. How a small community fight against opposite conditions.(B)The following safety risks may result in serious injury or death to the user of the MINI Cooper S: •This product contains small parts that arc for adult assembly (组装）only. Keep small children away when assembling. Remove all protective materials before assembly. Be sure to remove all packaging materials and parts from underneath the car body.•Battery posts contain lead known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Never open the battery.•Body parts such as hands, legs, hair and clothing can get caught in moving parts. Never place a body part near a moving part or wear loose clothingwhile using the vehicle. Always wear shoes when using the vehicle.•Using the vehicle near streets, motor vehicles, drop-offs such as steps, water (swimming pools) or other bodies of water, hills, wet areas, in small lanes, at night or in the dark could result in an unexpected accident. Instead, use the vehicle on the highway. Always use the vehicle in a safe, secure environment.•Using the vehicle in unsafe conditions such as snow, rain, loose dirt, mud, or sand may result in unexpected action, for example tip over.•Using the vehicle in an unsafe manner. Examples include but are not limited to:•Pulling the vehicle with another vehicle or similar device •Allowing more than two riders •Pushing the user from the back •Traveling at an unsafe speed•Always use common sense and safe practices when using the vehicle.•Store the vehicle indoors or cover it to protect it from weather. Water will damage the motor, electric system, and battery.60. When assembling, you should______________________.A. open the battery on the spotB. ignore the packaging materialsC. make sure kids are not presentD. start from underneath the car61. According to the text, it is safer to______________________.A. use batteries containing leadB. drive in small lanes at midnightC. drive on the highway instead of on hillsD. wear loose clothes while driving61. Where can you probably find the text?A. In an official report.B. In a medical journal.C. In a physics textbook.D. In a product handbook.(C)In a land swept by typhoons and shaken by earthquakes，how have Japan’s tallest and seemingly most breakable old buildings 一500 or so wooden pagodas, tower-shaped buildings — remained standing for centuries? Japanese scholars have been confused for ages about their stability.For centuries，many attributed the resilience (抗震’性）of pagodas to the massive trunk-like central columns known as shinbashira, which bends and swings during a typhoon or earthquake, just like a tall tree. But the amazing thing is that the shinbashira actually does not carry any load at all but is suspended from the top of the pagoda —hanging loosely down through the middle of the building. The weight of the building is supported entirely by twelve outer and four inner columns.And what is the role of the shinbashira, the central column? The best way to understand the shinbashira's role is to watch a video made by Shuzo Ishida, a structural engineer at Kyoto Institute of Technology. Mr. Ishida, known to his students a s “Professor Pagoda” has built a series of models and tested them on a “shake-table” in his laboratory. In short, the shinbashira was acting like an enormous pendulum (钟摆).Under pressure, a pagoda’s loose floors could be made to slide back and forth independently. Viewed from the side, the pagoda seemed to be doing a snake dance — with each floor moving in the opposite direction to its neighbours above and below. The shinbashira, running up through a hole in the centre of the building, made it unlikely that individual storeys moved too far because, after moving a certain distance, they banged into it, passing on energy away along the column.Another strange feature of the Japanese pagoda is that, because of the building tapers (锥形), with each floor plan being smaller than the one below, none of the vertical (垂直的）columns that carry the weight of the building is connected to its corresponding column above. In other words, a five-storey pagoda contains not even one column that travels right up through the building. More surprising is the fact that the individual storeys of a Japanese pagoda are not actually connected to each other. They are simply stacked one on top of another like a pile of hats.The extra-wide eaves (屋檐）also play a part. Think of them as a balancing pole of tightrope-walkers. The bigger the mass at each end of the pole, the easier it is for the tightrope walker to maintain his balance. The same holds true for a pagoda. With the eaves extending outon all sides like balancing poles, the building responds to even the most powerful earthquake with a graceful swinging, never an abrupt shaking.62. In a Japanese pagoda, the shinbashira is designed to______________.A. bear certain amount of weight of the pagodaB. bend under pressure the way a tall tree doesC. connect the floors with pagoda’s baseD. stop the floors from moving too far58. Shuzo Ishida performs experiments in order to___________________.A. apply the pendulum into practiceB. gain insight into the “shake-table” modelC. learn about the mechanisms of pagodasD. locate shinbashira^ exact position in a pagoda59. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the article?A. Some columns may extend from the bottom to the top of a pagoda.B. The functions of extra eaves and balancing poles are similar.C. The storeys of a Japanese pagoda are fitted loosely.D. Pagodas5 amazing capacity to resist impact has long puzzled scholars.60. What is the best title for the passage?A. How Shinbashira Plays Its RoleB. Why Pagodas Do Not Fall DownC. Distinct Features of Japanese ArchitectureD. Shuzo Ishida, a Distinguished EngineerSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Why should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? 67________________ . The wider the distribution of a species, thebetter its chance of survival.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be located. Additional resources are always beneficial when used wisely, and can increase our chances of survival. Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society at large. 68_______. Also, we have already benefited from other by-products, including improvements in earthquake prediction — which has saved many lives —in satellites used for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick saucepans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products of technological developments in the space industry!_____69___________.The chances of a large comet (彗星）hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction of dinosaurs and other species. Human technology is reaching the point where it might be able to detect the possibility of this happening, and enable us to minimize the damage, or prevent it completely, allowing us as a species to avoid extinction.In certain circumstances, life on Earth may become impossible: over-population or wide spread diseases, for instance, might eventually force us to find other places to live. While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.______70___________A. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives.B. Space allows us to expand and succeed: for the sake of everyone on the earth, now and in the future, space exploration is essential.C. The mysterious space objects varying in size have been fascinated scientists and scholars for years.D. It appears that we are driven to ensure the success and continuation of not just our own genes, but of the species as a whole.E. Therefore it still poses a problem for us human beings whether to explore the space at the cost of our own homelandsF. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers.II. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Last year my company was bought by a large corporation and most of the managers lost their jobs. That was when I decided to do something I’d always wanted to do ——become a freelance writer (自由作家).Changing professions has meant that my lifestyle has changed in a number of ways.I work about as much as I did before ——between 45 and 50 hours a week —~ but my schedule is much less fixed than it used to be. Before, I worked from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. every day, with a few extra hours on weekends. Now, however, 1 work when I feel like it. For instance, sometimes I work until midnight or 2 a.m., then sleep until noon. I really prefer this kind of schedule.While I was working as a manager, I never exercised. I already felt tired after work, so I just came home in the evening and watched TV. However, last year I joined a health club and began to do regular exercise. As a result I have lost over 10 pounds and I feel much better. Tve also started to eat more healthfully. I used to eat a lot of fast food, but now I do my own shopping. I buy lots of fruits and vegetables and cook them at home.Of course, not all the changes have been that easy. For example, I don't feel as safe financially as I used to. When I was working as a manager, I never worried much about money. I could always count on getting my paycheck every two weeks. Working freelance, I don't have a regular paycheck. So now I have to make sure that there’s enough money until the next check arrives.All in all, I really like my current lifesty le. Of course, that doesn’t mean I’ll never want to have a “regular” job. But for me, at least, it suits me.III. TranslationDirections:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 中午的欢迎会已推迟到下周三。
2017上海高考英语一模---翻译部分
上海高考英语一模：翻译部分青浦区：.中午地欢迎会已推迟到下周三.().专家建议推销活动要面向农村地区.().每年八月这个摄影师都去海外寻找美丽地瞬间.().无论是短途旅行还是参加体育比赛，你最好把健康保险考虑在内.()..., ’.宝山区：. 顾客购物时总是注重品牌形象.（）. 我再也抑制不住看篮球比赛地冲动.（）. 这本书备受推崇地原因是它给人以希望和启迪.（……）. 她地有关个人奋斗地演讲很真诚，让我们感动得几乎流泪.（………）....崇明区：. 你是否赞成为贫困学生设立一项基金？（). 不可否认地是上海迪斯尼乐园每天人满为患.（). 那个专门研究家庭教育地教授将受邀给这些家长做讲座.（). 垃圾分类不仅有助于环境保护还有利于废物循环利用，所以人人要行动起来.（) ?.., , .奉贤区：.环保组织呼叮公众投票反对这个项目.().人生最重要地不是我们置身何处，而是我们将前往何处.().只有充分利用你遇到地每个机会，你才能实现自己地梦想.（).随着各种支付方式地出现，许多人越来越担心地是，和现金或信用卡相比，他们地电子钱包是否足够安全.（)., .., , .虹口区：.干嘛不去看场电影放松一下自己？（）.全市所有地公园都应对市民免费开放.（）.杰克难得去老师那儿寻求帮助，他觉得自学会使自己受益更多.（）.现代互联网技术地发展越先进，人们在现实生活中地人际关系可能就会越疏远.（）?., ., ’.黄浦区：.这款手表不防水.().这是他第一次出国，是吗？().他从来都是毫不犹豫地提出那些他认为对别人有帮助地批评.().这篇文章值得下载，它不仅给读者提供了很多该课程地相关信息，而且还有大量地实用网址.()., ’ ?., .静安区：.互联网经济在为中国地国内外贸易提供新地机遇.( ).这段分钟地视频上传网上只有两小时，就有成千上万地人观看过.( ).就孩子报考哪所大学，很多父母煞费苦心地做仔细调查，咨询专家.( ).有时我们发现自己处于这样地窘境：即便觉得自己所做地不对，也要勉强为之.( ) ’..., .普陀区：.三轮激烈地电视辩论之后，当选为美国总统.（).无论多忙，我们都应该花点时间锻炼身体.（).手机在人们日常生活中起着如此重要地作用，没有人敢不带手机去旅行.（...).最近上映地这部电影旨在唤起公众对于边防警察地关注，他们冒着生命危险，不惜一切代价捍卫国家尊严.（), ., .’.’ .徐汇区：.我以为你会和我一起乘高铁去北京.().每月她都会留出一部分钱以备不时之需.( ).站在山顶，极目远望，大自然地壮美让我们惊叹不已.().被称为“发展中国家”并不一定是坏事，只有这样我们才能永远在发展地路上前进，追求更为高远地目标.().., .“”, .杨浦区：. 为了赶时髦，一些年轻人花费一个月地工资去购买新发行地电子产品.(). 人们理所当然地认为颜值高地人有可能受到雇主地青睐.(). 网购存在风险，因此下单之前地深思熟虑有助于避免不必要地损失.(). 消息传来在新西兰发生地震后，中国政府立即租用直升机实施救援，为此国人感到十分自豪.(), .’., ., .嘉定区：. 保持身体健康是硬道理.（）. 货到后，你应该立即付款.（）. 圣诞节来临，购物中心里人潮涌动，这已经不足为奇了.（）. 据真实故事改编地电影“深海浩劫”（), 以其逼真地特效，吸引了许多观众.（）..., , .松江区：.任何为实现梦想而付诸行动地人都应受到尊敬.（).他高中一毕业就迫不及待地出国旅游去了. ().听到两位宇航员安然无恙地返回地球地消息，人们欣喜若狂.().务必保管好你地密码，否则别人会获取你储存在电脑中地重要信息. ().’., ., .金山区：.她经常在周末带她儿子去音乐会，让他受到艺术地熏陶.（）.我做梦也想不到会在这次化学竞赛中获一等奖.（）.对于越来越多地城市居民而言，有车意味着得拼命去找一个停车位.().有些动物灭绝地原因是它们无法适应新地环境，因此我们必须注意保持生态平衡.（）, .., .’, .闵行区：.你认为谁该为这起严重地事故负责？().他伤得很严重，应该马上送医院.(...).不管学生提出什么问题，这位老师总是耐心回答.().这款电子产品存在严重地质量问题，几乎无消费者问津.().这家饭店虽然地段不佳，但因菜肴丰富，服务优良而深受食客青睐.()?., .., .浦东新区：.解除病人地痛苦是医生地职责.().先进地电脑技术正在逐渐改变我们地购物方式.().大多数孩子很少与父母和老师之外地成年人有密切地接触，他们对大人地生活鲜有概念.().志愿者活动不仅能使青少年学到如何帮助残疾人，还可以提高他们与陌生人合作地意识.( …)’’ ..., ’.。
上海市青浦区2017-2018学年高三第一学期期终学业质量调研测试英语试卷
青浦区2017学年第一学期高三年级期终学业质量调研测试英语学科试卷Q2017.12(时间120分钟，满分140分）考生注意：1.本试卷共13页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
2.答题前，考生务必在答题卡（纸）上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3.答案必须全部涂写在答题卡（纸）上。
如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Much traffic. B. Inconvenient location.C. Living in town.D. Expensive vehicles.2. A. 5 pounds. B. 7 pounds.C. 8 pounds.D. 10 pounds.3. A. In a shopping mall. B. In a car showroom.C. At a car repair shop.D. At a parking lot.4. A. Whether the man has attended the conference.B. Whether the conference is successful.C. Whether the photos are ready.D. Whether the quality of the pictures is good.5. A. It is looked down upon. B. The room prices have dropped.C. The rooms are beyond the beach.D. It is over-crowded.6. A. Most people killed in traffic accidents are heavy drinkers.B. Innocent people are unlikely to be drunk drivers.C. Drivers run high risk of losing lives.D. The danger of drunk driving deserves much attention.7. A. Stay in bed. B. Go to a clinic.C. Buy some medicine.D. Go to a drugstore.8. A. Surfing the net. B. Watching a TV programme.C. Looking for a fashion site.D. Making a new dress.9. A. She liked the poor children on TV.B. She worked for the Hope Project.C. She felt obliged to donate.D. She hoped to be a millionaire.10. A. The man should consult his dancing teacher.B. The man should take other interesting courses.C. The man should continue his dancing class.D. The man should improve his dancing skills first.Section BDirections: In Section B，you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It can cultivate their love for music.C. It can control their shopping habits.B. It can reduce work pressure.D. It can encourage job creation.12. A. Fast music. B. Slow music. C. Rock music. D. Relating music.13. A. Background music has no effect.C. Muzak is a music supplier.B. Milliam experimented on traffic flow.D .Background music makes a difference.14. A. They support human life. B. They cure human diseases.C. They estimate species.D. They stop plant extinction.15. A. Polluting the environment. B. Destroying wildlife habitat.C. Organizing activities.D. Introducing new species16. A. To analyze the main causes of the disappearing of wildlife.B. To appeal to people to protect wildlife.C. To emphasize the importance of the earth.D. To describe different ways to stop pollution.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. She goes jogging. B. She exercises in the gym.C. She exercises at home.D. She goes swimming.18. A. Because she can’t fall asleep at night.C. Because of the weather condition.B. Because she can’t get up in the morning.D. Because of her tight schedule.20. A. How the woman stays healthy.C. How the woman loses weight.B. How the woman has a balanced diet.D. How the woman changes habits.19. A. Vegetables. B. Meat. C. Fish. D. Cakes.II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Rescue in the RapidsON A BREEZY Saturday in April 2014, former police officer Kevin O’Connor and his son, Ryan, were standing in a park near the Fox River in Geneva, Illinois. As Kevin gazed at the river, he caught sight of several people on the bank (21)_________(motion) toward the water. When he looked in that direction, he noticed a bright red boat turning in a spinning circle in the stormy water at the base of the Geneva Dam，300 feet away.Kevin assumed the person on the boat (22) _________ (jump) out of it. “Then I heard a warning signal with a loud sound,” says Kevin, now 42. “That’s (23) _________I realized somebody was in trouble.”He couldn’t see anyone in the river, (24) _________he sped toward the bank and dashed into thefreezing water. About 150 feet from shore, he spied an object moving downriver. “I thought it was a life jacket,” he says. “When I caught up to it, I realized it (25) _________ (attach) to a person.”Now in water up to his neck, Kevin grabbed the man, (26) _________was floating on his back unconscious, under both armpits and held his head above the surface. Kevin struck the man’s chest again and again. After five hits, the man coughed up water and began speaking incoherently. Just back to life, the man was still weak. Battling the current, Kevin sidestepped his way (27) _________the shoreline, repeatedly digging his shoes into the river’s rocky bottom. When he reached the bank, someone jumped into the river and helped Kevin lift the 200-pound drowning man over a six-foot brick retaining wall to waiting doctors, who took him away in an ambulance. The man recovered, but a friend who was boating with him died after being trapped underwater near the dam.Kevin pulled (28) _________up to sit on the shore beside Ryan, who had followed his father’s path down the river. “When I caught my breath, I realized I saved someone’s life, which is what I (29)_________do.” Kevin says.In December 2015, Kevin received an award from the Carnegie Hero Fund Commission. “Lots of honour-receivers lost their lives saving someone,” he says. “(30) _________ (put) in the same category is very humbling.”Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. coversB. processC. accomplishD. grandE. consumeF. physicsG. consistently H. spare I. overcomes J. continue K. especiallyHow to Stick to Good Habits by Using the “2-Minute Rule”Most of the tasks that you procrastinate on (that is to say, you postpone doing what you should be doing,) aren’t actually difficult to do — you have the talent and skills to _____31____ them- you just avoid starting them for one reason or another. The 2-Minute Rule ____32_____ procrastination and laziness by making it so easy to start taking act ion that you can’t say no. It might sound like this strategy is too basic for your ____33_____ life goals, but I beg to differ. It works for any goal because of one simple reason: the_____34____of real life.As Sir Isaac Newton taught us a long time ago, objects at rest tend to stay at rest and objects in motion tend to stay in motion. This is just as true for humans as it is for falling apples. Once you startdoing something, it，s easier to ___35______ doing it. I love the 2-Minute Rule because it takes up the idea that all sorts of good things happen once you get started.The most important part of any new habit is getting started — not just the first time, but each time. It’s not about performance, it’s about ____36_____ taking action. In many ways, getting started is more important than succeeding. This is ____37_____ true in- the beginning because there will be plenty of time to improve your performance later on. The 2-Minute Rule isn’t about the results you achieve, but rather about the _____38____ of actually doing the work. I can，t guarantee whether or not the 2-Minute Rule will work for you. But, I can guarantee that it will never work if you never try it.The problem with most articles you read, podcasts you listen to, or videos you watch is that you____39_____ the information but never put it into practice. I want this article to be different. I want you to actually use this information, right now. What’s something you can do that will take you less than two minutes? Do it right now. Anyone can ____40_____ the next 120 seconds. Use this time to get one thing done.Go.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Travel, a home coming tourIn the UK travel is an enriching life experience that will make your resume stand out amongst other applicants. Travel is not simply a pursuit of___41___ but also “character-building”，“defining” and potentially “career-boosting”.Most of the people I know here at university ___42__ the desire to travel and escape the stress surrounding us. But I don’t think, as UK students, we can blame our addiction to international travel simply on a stressful life. Yes, I have a lot to handle and it’s a fine___43___ act managing my part-time job, my degree and my social life to a perfect level. In a truly open world, we can get anywhere, see anything and experience every culture under the sun, at the click of a button, the purchase of a ___44____Many people I met while working in China were surprised at the number of countries I’d t ravelled to. Compared to friends and family I consider myself vastly ___45___. I’ve never set foot across the pond in the U.S.A and Canada, let alone South America and even within Europe my checklist of destinations is far from____46___. I was also met by___47___at how little travelling I had done within my own borders. This was something I had not really considered before. How much of my own country had I really seen and experienced? To those from a place as vast and varied as China, Britain was really so ___48___in comparison and so to have spent 20 years there and not seen every part of it was quitesurprising.I had a conversation with a Chinese colleague over the reasoning behind our use of golden Cotswold stone, which sounds dull for most people. As a student of history, I found anything___49____fascinating. However it was not the stone within British cities I found interesting. What was curious was that it was something I had never even considered, and yet here was someone___50____on something I had simply taken for granted.We continued our discussion, yet I was left___51___that I could not answer her question. In China, as well as a wealth of new culture that fascinated me, I discovered that there were parts of the UK’s culture, history, the very structure of my identity that were so different, so unique from China that I also___52____a newly found interest in my own heritage.In this respect, travelling enables you with two things. Firstly you develop a(n) ___53___with new cultures, understanding customs, experiencing cuisines and absorbing the sights and smells of every new city. For many employers this___54___to new locations is seen as tremendous in your personal resume. But alongside increased employability, through international, cross-cultural conversations, you develop an interest in your own history, culture, and customs. You return to your home___55___ an understanding of other people’s fascination with it and your own sense of love for its peculiarities.41. A. leisure B. wealth C. company D. personality42. A. question B. refuse C. detect D. experience43. A. balancing B. forcing C. judging D. disturbing44. A. course B. stamp C. diploma D. ticket45. A. under-stuffed B. under-travelledC. under-usedD. under-expanded46. A. official B. vacant C. complete D. accurate47. A. excitement B. hatred C. astonishment D. disgust48. A .young B. beautiful C. remote D. small49. A. historical B. dramatic C. religious D. perfect50. A. piled B. hooked C. relied D. carried51. A. exhausted B. embarrassed C. puzzled D. convinced52. A. exchanged B. lost C. gained D. traded53. A. observation B. resolution C. fascination D. illustration54. A. relation B. preference C. agreement D. adaptability55. A. objecting to B. filled with C. bothered by D. searching forSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the onethat fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.(A)The Christmas of 1988, my husband and I had four children. Peter was eleven, Leigh-Ann nine, Laura six and Matthew only two. When Santa arrived, Mat thew parked himself on Santa’s lap and remained impressed greatly by him for the rest of the evening. Anyone who had their picture taken with Santa that Christmas also had their picture taken with little Matthew.Little did any of us know how precious those photos with Santa and Matthew would become. Five days after Christmas, our sweet little Matthew died in an accident. When our first Christmas without Matthew approached, it was hard for us to get into the holiday spirit.Then, on December 13, we were just finishing dinner when we heard a knock on the front door. When we went to answer it, no one was there. On the front porch was a card and gift. The gift-giver just wanted to help us get through a rough time by cheering us up with his or her name unknown, like a fairy.In the gift bag was a cassette of favorite Christmas music, which was in a little cardboard Christmas tree. We put the cassette in our player and, song by song, the spirit of Christmas began to warm ourhearts, and the thoughtfulness of our “fairy，touched our hearts.That was the beginning of a series of gifts from the clever giver, one for each day until Christmas. Each gift followed the theme of “The Twelve Days of Christmas” in a creative way. The kids especially liked “seven swans a-swimm ing,” which was a basket of swan-shaped soaps plus passes to the local swimming pool. “Eight maids a-milking” included eight bottles of chocolate milk in glass bottles with paper faces. Every day was something very special.The ingenuity and thoughtfulness shocked us as we enjoyed each surprise. We were so caught up in the excitement and curiosity of what would possibly come next, that our grief didn’t have much of a chance to rob us of the spirit of Christmas. What our fairy did was absolutely miraculous.We give thanks for our fairy who was, we finally realized, our very own Christmas angel. We never did find out who it was, although we have our guess. We actually prefer to keep it that way.56. The photos taken with little Mathew became valued becauseA. Mathew is the youngest child of our familyB. they are the photos taken on Christmas EveC. Mathew seated himself on Santa’s legsD. we lost Mathew five days after the Christmas of 198857. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. “Seven Swans a-swimming” was a soap with swans coined.B. We received 12 gifts before the very first Christmas without Mathew.C. We were still in no mood for preparing for Christmas with a cassette.D. It was Santa who secretly sent us the unexpected gifts.58. The phrase “ingenuity” (paragraph 6) can be best replaced by “ ”A. delicacyB. responsibilityC. originalityD. attraction59. Which of the following serves as the best title for the passage?A. Mathew’s Present.B. An Angel among Us.C. Christmas Day.D. Five Golden Rings.(B)A Language Programme for TeenagersWelcome to Teenagers Abroad! We invite you to join us on an amazing journey of language learning. Our CoursesRegardless of your choice of course, you’ll develop your language ability both quickly and effectively. Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language, with focused teaching in all 4 skill areas — speaking, listening, reading and writing.Our Intensive Course builds on our Standard Course, with 10 additional lessons per week, guaranteeing the fastest possible language learning (see table below).EvaluationStudents are placed into classes according to their current language skills. The majority of them take an online language test before their programme. However, if this is not available, students sit the exam on the first Monday of their course.Learning materials are provided to students throughout their course, and there will never be more than 15 participants in each class.Arrivals and TransferCourse TypeDays Number of Lessons Course TimetableStandardCourseMon-Fri 20 lessons 9:00-12:30IntensiveCourseMon-Fri 20 lessons 9:00-12:30 10 lessons 13:00-14:30Our programme offers the full package — students are taken good care of from the start through to the very end. They are collected from the airport upon arrival and brought to their accommodation in comfort. We require the student’s full flight details at least 4 weeks in advance.Meals/Special Dietary RequirementsStudents are provided with breakfast, dinner and either a cooked or packed lunch (which consists of a sandwich, a drink and a dessert). Snacks outside of mealtimes may be purchased by the student individually.We ask that you let us know of any dietary requirements as well as information about any medicines you take. Depending on the type of dietary requirements, an extra charge may be made for providing special food.60. When can a student attend Standard Course?A.13:00-14:30 Monday.B. 13:00-14:30 Friday.C.9:00-12:30 Tuesday.D. 9:00-12:30 Saturday.61. With the full package, the programme organizer is supposed to .A. inform students of their full flight detailB. look after students throughout the programmeC. offer students free medical careD. collect students，luggage in advance62. Which of the following may require an extra payment?A. Cooked dinnerB. Mealtime dessert.C. Packed lunchD. Special diet.(C)I plan to remember this year’s vacation season with just two words: NEVER AGAIN. Never again, that is, will I take all my technology along. The Internet has ruined summer vacations.Instead of reading dog-eared summerhouse mystery novels, this year we browsed the Internet. Instead of long evenings of crossword puzzles or board games, we checked our Twitter feeds andupdated our Facebook pages. And that, of course, is the problem with the Internet: It，s so easy that,unless you’re equipped with massive self-control, you use it if it’s there.For several years, I kept my Internet addiction under control by using inconvenient technology: a laptop which is old and not in good condition and a slow dial-up connection. But this year, the combination of a new iPad and very good Wi-Fi turned out to be fatal. The magical iPad signaled silently from the picnic table: What harm could it be to give the e-mail a quick check? But once that attractive touch screen lights up, who can resist?I’m not the first to get lost across this problem, of course. I，m a late adopter. As early as 2008,Nicholas Carr, author of The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains, was warning that broadband Internet was reducing our attention spans and making us stupid. The Web, he said,encourages us to get stuck into our “natural state of distractedness.” Even before that, in 2000，Harvard’s Robert Putnam warned that television 一 and, more broadly, staring into any kind of screen — had reduced the amount of time families spent in social interactions. And last year, researchers at UC-Irvine reported that employees who were unplugged from their e-mail got more work done 一 andexperienced far less stress.Access to the Web is unquestionably a wonderful thing. I love having a bottomless library at my fingertips; I love having the world’s newspapers on my electronic doorstep. I love being able to pay bills and make airplane reservations online. And, thanks to those ugly cell phone towers in the woods, we now have a way to call f or help if we need an ambulance or a fire truck. It’s also nice to have an app thatidentifies the constellations (星座）when you hold the iPad up to the night sky. But then, you have toremember to put the screen down and simply drink in the stars — the original, uncut version.And that’s the point: It’s important not to let the convenience of the Internet get in the way of simpler beauties. It，s our fault instead of the Internet, for failing to control the urge to browse. Myproblem is learning how to limit the time I spend on it. So now I have one more thing to look forward to next summer: More time reading old novels; more time playing crossword puzzles and chasing frogs. Next year, I promise to unplug. Except, of course, when we need to find a new bike trail, or Google a recipe for wild blueberry pie.63. Throughout the passage, what evidence does the author provide to support the claims he makes in paragraph 2?A. Scientific studies and statistics about Internet use.B. Historical facts regarding the effects of television and the Internet.C. Personal accounts and opinions of those who have studied the Internet.D. Results of opinion polls about Internet use.64. According to the passage, how does the writer keep himself from getting addicted to the Internet?A. By using outdated laptops with poor Internet access.B. By only giving the e-mail a quick look.C. By keeping the electronic devices out of reach.D. By accessing new iPad and good Wi-Fi.65. In the article, UC-Irvine research functions as .A. a personal account that illustrates an idea about social lifeB. a restatement of the author’s main argumentC. historical context to allow the reader to understand the article’s settingD. evidence to support a point made by Nicolas Carr66. Which of the following statement will the author probably agree to?A. people should not rely simply on the Internet to provide them with news and other informationB. people can have meaningful vacations only if they leave all electronic devices at homeC. although the Internet is often useful, it can become addictive and prevent human interactionD. even though there are some good things about the Internet, overall it has affected civilization for the worseSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. Watling Street’s origins are lost in prehistory.B. But Shakespeare can still be connected to the road.C. In fact, it is hard to find a character from the British imagination who cannot be linked toWatling Street in some way.D. It is one of the few permanent fixtures of this island and one of the first lines on the map.E. Here characters including Sherlock Holmes and Batman have been brought to life.F. It is Watling Street — and there is no road in the English-speaking world more steeped instories.The road that led to 1,000 storiesIn his new book Watling Street, John Higgs explores one of Britain’s oldest roads — and how it inspired countless stories, from the Canterbury Tales to Great Expectations to Star Wars.Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, written in the late 14th Century, tells the story of a group of medieval pi lgrims travelling from London to Canterbury. Six hundred years later, the Star Wars movies were filmed on the same road.67 .We now think of Watling Street as the A2 and the A5 motorways, which run across Britain from Anglesey in north-west Wales to Dover in south-east England in a way that joins two opposite sides at an angle. But the road has existed throughout all of British history. 68 . It has been a Neolithic (新石器时代的）pathway, a Roman road, one of the four medieval (中世纪的）royal highways, a main road in the age of coach travel and a road today usually withtraffic jams.It is a place that reflects its own history, always being rewritten. 69 . James Bond drives along the road in Ian Fleming’s novel Moonraker. Doctor Who appears suddenly a t different points along it in different historical eras. It is part of Robin Hood’s plans in the medieval narrative poem A Little Geste of Robin Hood and his Meiny. Miss Havisham’s decaying Gothic house in Charles Dickens’ Great Expectations is based on R estoration House in Rochester, which stands just yards from Watling Street. In the 12th-Century Histories of the Kings of Britain, Geoffrey of Monmouth tells how a young Merlin released the dragons that caused King V ortigem’s tower to fall. This was at Dinas Emrys in Snowdonia, on the route of the original, pre-Roman road through Wales.For many years it was believed that William Shakespeare wrote a play called The Widow of Watling Street', it was included in early collections of his work. It is now thought that the real author of that play was Thomas Middleton.70 .Before the Romans bridged the Thames, the original route of Watling Street crossed the river where Westminster Palace now stands. The route would have run close to where Shakespeare’s Glob e Theatre in Southwark later stood.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Reading the world in 195 boobsIn 2012, I set myself the challenge of trying to read a book from every country of all 195 UN- recognized states in a year. With no idea how to find publications, I decided to ask the planet’s readers for help. I created a blog called A Year of Reading the World and put out an appeal for suggestions of titles that I could read in English.The response was amazing. Before I knew it, people all over the planet were getting in touch with ideas and offers of help. Some posted me books. Others did hours of research on my behalf. In addition, several writers, like Turkmenistan’s Ak Welsapar and Panama’s Juan David Morgan, sent me unpublished translations of their novels. Even with such an extraordinary team behind me, however, sourcing books was no easy task.But th e effort was worth it. As I made my way through the planet’s literary landscapes, extraordinary things started to happen. Far from simply armchair travelling, I found I was inhabiting the mental space of the storytellers. I discovered, book packing offered something that a physical traveller could hope to experience only rarely: it took me inside the thoughts of individuals living far away and showed me the world through their eyes. More powerful than a thousand news reports, these stories not only opened my mind to basic information of life in other places, but opened my heart to the way people there might feel. And that in turn changed my thinking. Through reading the stories shared with me by bookish strangers around the globe, I realized I was not an isolated person, but part of a network that stretched all over the planet.One by one, the country names on the list that had begun as an intellectual exercise transformedinto places filled with laughter, love, anger, hope and fear. Lands that had once seemed foreign and remote became close and familiar to me — places I could identify with. At its best, I learned, fiction makes the world real.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.这位专家应对变化的能力令人赞不绝口。
2017年上海各区高考英语一模单项汇总(翻译部分)
2017年宝山区高考一模翻译部分V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.顾客购物时总是注重品牌形象。
(focus)73.我再也抑制不住看篮球比赛的冲动。
(no longer)74.这本书备受推崇的原因是它给人以希望和启迪。
(…why…)75.她的有关个人奋斗的演讲很真诚，让我们感动得几乎流泪。
（…such …that…）2017年崇明区高考一模翻译部分V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.你是否赞成为贫困学生设立一项基金？（approve)73. 不可否认的是上海迪斯尼乐园每天人满为患。
（deny)74. 那个专门研究家庭教育的教授将受邀给这些家长做讲座。
（expert)75. 垃圾分类不仅有助于环境保护还有利于废物循环利用，所以人人要行动起来。
（Not only)2017年奉贤区高考一模I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 环保组织呼叮公众投票反对这个项目。
(appeal)73. 人生最重要的不是我们置身何处，而是我们将前往何处。
(matter)74. 只有充分利用你遇到的每个机会，你才能实现自己的梦想。
（Only)75. 随着各种支付方式的出现，许多人越来越担心的是，和现金或信用卡相比，他们的电子钱包是否足够安全。
（concern)2017年虹口高考一模I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、干嘛不去看场电影放松一下自己？（Why）2、全市所有的公园都应对市民免费开放。
上海市各区2016-2017年高三英语一模汇编----选词填空-老师版(已经校对)
Why Aren’t Women Happier?Why aren’t women happier these days?That’s the question raised by a thought-provoking study, The Paradox of Declining Female Happiness, __31__ last month. The research showed that over the past 35 years women’s happiness has declined, both __32__ to the past and relative to men even though the lives of women in the US have improved in recent decades by most __33__ measures.The research, by University of Pennsylvania economists Stevenson and Wolfers, and made __34__ by the National Bureau of Economic Research, found the decline in happiness to be widespread among women across a variety of demographic (人口统计的) groups. The researchers, for instance, measured similar declines in happiness among women who were single parents and married parents, “__35__ doubt on the hypothesis (假设) that trends in marriage and divorce, single parenthood or work/family __36__ are at the root of the happiness declines among women,” they wrote.One theory for the decline in happiness is that expectations for workplace and general advancement were raised too high by the women’s movement and women might feel __37__ for not “having it all,” as a Los Angeles Times columnist recently put it.The researchers acknowledge that’s a __38__:“If the women’s movement raised women’s expectations faster than society was ab le to meet them,” the paper says, “they would be more likely to experience __39__ in their lives.” But they add things could change for the better: “As women’s expectations move into adjustment with their experiences, this decline in happiness may reverse.”Readers, why do you think women are unhappier than in the past? Do you think that if expectations for “having it all” were __40__ to “move into adjustment with experiences,” women might be happier?31-40:DKHAF JBGECFirst Aid: Difference between Death and LifeFirst aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. It may save a life or improve certain ___31___ signs including pulse, temperature, and breathing. First aid must be ___32___ as quickly as possible. In the case of the critically injured, a few minutes can make the difference between complete recovery and loss of life.First-aid ___33___ depend upon a victim’s needs and the provider’s level of knowledge and skill. Knowing what not to do in an emergency is as important as knowing what to do. For example, ___34___ moving a person with a neck injury can lead to permanent health problems.Despite the variety of injuries possible, several ___35___ of first aid apply to all emergencies. The first step is to call for professional medical help. The victim, if conscious, should be reassured that medical aid has been requested, and asked for permission to provide any first aid. Next, ___36___ the scene, asking other people or the injured person’s family or friends about details of the injury or illness, any care that may have already been given, and ___37___ conditions such as heart trouble. Unless the accident scene becomes unsafe or the victim may suffer further injury, do not move the victim.First aid requires rapid assessment of victims to determine whether ___38___ conditions exist. One method for ___39___ a victim’s condition is known by the acronym ABC, which stands for:A – Airway: is it open and clear?B – Breathing: is the person breathing? Look, listen and feel for breathing.C –Circulation: is there a pulse? Is the person bleeding ___40___? Check skin color and temperature for additional indications of circulation problems.31-40 KAGEJ BIFCDImagine an urban neighborhood where most of the cars are self-driving. What would it be like to be a pedestrian?Actually, pretty good. In fact, pedestrians might end up with the run of the place. In a new study published in the Journal of Planning Education and Research, Millard-Ball looks at the __31__ of urban areas where a majority of vehicles are “autonomous” or self-driving. It’s a phenomenon that’s not as far off as one might think.“Autonomous vehicles have the potential to __32__ travel behavior,” Millard-Ball says. He uses game theory to __33__ the interactions between pedestrians and self-driving vehicles, with a focus on yielding at crosswalks.Because autonomous vehicles are by design risk-averse, Millard-Ball's model suggests that pedestrians will be able to act with impunity, and he thinks autonomous vehicles may facilitate a shift towards pedestrian-oriented urban neighborhoods. However, Millard-Ball also finds that the __34__ of autonomous vehicles may be hampered by their strategic disadvantage that slows them down in urban traffic.“Pedestrians routinely play the game of chicken,” Millard-Ball writes. Crossing the street, even at a marked crosswalk without a traffic signal, requires a probability calculation: what are the odds of survival?The benefit of crossing the street __35__, instead of waiting for a gap in traffic, is traded off against the probability of injury or even death. Pedestrians know that drivers are not interested in running them down -- usually. But there is the chance a driver may be __36__, or drunk.Self-driving cars are __37__ to obey the rules of the road, including waiting for pedestrians to cross. They could provide the most __38__ transformation in urban transportation systems. Parking, street design, and transportation service networks are likely to be revolutionized. In his latest study, Millard-Ball suggests that the potential benefits of self-driving cars -- avoiding __39__ of traffic and traffic accidents -- may be outweighed by the drawbacks of an always play-it-safe vehicle that slows traffic for everybody.“From the point of view of a passenger in an automated car, it would be like driving down a street filled with __40__ five-year-old children,” Millard-Ball writes.Alternatively, planners could seize the opportunity to create more pedestrian-oriented streets. Autonomous vehicles could start a new era of pedestrian domination.31—40 K H B D A I C G E FThis invention, commonly used in offices and households throughout the world, came about as a result of a series of accidents. In 1968 Spencer Silver, who was working for a company called 3M at the time, was trying to produce super-strong adhesive, a substance making things sticky together, to be used in the building of plane s. This, however, wasn’t successful and instead he succeeded in creating an extremely weak adhesive that was 31 to pressure. This new adhesive had two advantages: it could be removed from surfaces quite easily and it could be reused. In spite of these two 32 features, nobody could see any practical use for it. In the end, the invention was 33 .A few years later, Art Fry, a product development engineer working for 3M, decided to use this adhesive for 34 use. He stuck strips of paper in a book as page marker and a whole new concept was born. However, the idea still wasn’t without35 . The challenge was to make the glue stay on the sticky note itself, rather than peeling off and staying on the surface it was 36 to. Two more 3M employees were brought in and set the task of producing a coating for the adhesive so that it wouldn’t come off and they37 just that.Unfortunately, 3M bosses still believed that this invention wasn’t going to be 38 successful and people would continue to use crap paper(小纸条) for their notes rather than sticky notes. This is why sticky notes were only tested within the company, where they became extremely popular. It wasn’t until many years later that 3M bosses finally decided to give out a vast amount of free 39 to other companies to see if anyone would be interested in buying them. To their surprise, 90 per cent of the companies approached went on to order more stickynotes. This went beyond anybody’s 40 . Nowadays, sticky notes come in a variety of shapes and colours and are sold in more than 100 countries.31-35 JGKFE 36-40 ADBICThe rise in stories describing events that never happened, often involving fake people in fake places, has led to Facebook and Google’s (31) ____ to deal with them. But are we really so easy to fool? According to several studies, the answer is yes: even the most obvious fake news starts to become believable if it’s (32)_____ enough times.In the months running up to the US election there was a surge(大浪) in fake news. According to an analysis by Craig Silverman, a journalist, during this time the top 20 fake stories in circulation (33)_____ the top 20 stories from 19 mainstream publishers.Paul Horner, a creative publisher of fake news, has said he believes Donald Trump was elected because of him. “My sites were picked up by Trump supporters all the time… His followers don’t fact-check anything –they’ll post everything, believe anything,” he told the Washington Post.Silverman previously (34)_____ rumours circulating online in 2014 and found that shares and social interactions around fake news articles dwarfed(使...相形见绌) those of the articles that exposed them. According to Silverman, fake news stories are engineered to appeal to people’s hopes and fears, and aren’t (35)_____ by reality, which gives them the edge in creating shareable content.You might think you’re immune to falling for these lies, but a wealth of research disagrees. Back in the 1940s, researchers found that “the more a rumour is told, the more (36)_____ it sounds”. They suggested this means that a rumour born out of mild suspicion can, by gaining currency, shift public thinking and opinion.This false impression of truth was (37)_____ practically in 1977 when researchers in the US quizzed college students on the actuality of statements that they were told may be true or false. The researchers found that simply repeating the statements at a later date was enough to increasethe (38)______ of the students believing them.Last year, Lisa Fazio at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee and her team found that students become more likely to believe a statement that they know must be false if it is repeated.“Our research suggests that false news can and likely does affect people’s (39)_____. Even if people are conscious that a headline is false, reading it multiple times will make it seem more trustworthy,” Fazio says.Reassuringly, the team found that a person’s knowledge still has a large influence over their beliefs, but it’s still a worryin g (40)______ given that falsehoods appear repeatedly in our newsfeeds every day.31-40：BEAJF HKCGIThere is distinction between reading for information and reading for understanding. Thus we can ____31____ the word “reading” in two distinct senses.The first sense is the one in which we read newspapers, magazines, or anything else. We can get ____32____ to the content of those materials easily. Such materials may increase our store of information, but they cannot improve our understanding. And clearly we don’t have any difficulty in gaining the new information, for our understanding was ____33____ to them before we started. Otherwise, we would have felt the shock of puzzlement.The second sense is the one in which we read something that at first we do not completely understand. Here the thing to be read is at the first sight better or higher than the reader. The writer is communicating something that can ____34____ the reader’s understanding. Such communication between unequals must be possible. Otherwise one person could never learn from another. Here “learning” means understanding more, not remembering more information.What are the ____35____ in this kind of reading? First, there is inequality in understanding. The writer must be “____36____” to the reader in understanding. Besides, his book must ____37____ something he possesses and his potential readers lack. Second, the readermust be able to overcome this inequality in some degree. And he should always try to ____38____ the same level of understanding with the writer. If the equality is ____39____, success of communication is achieved.Besides gaining information and understanding, there’s another goal of reading - entertainment. It is the least ____40____ and requires the least amount of effort. Everyone who knows how to read can read for entertainment if he wants to. In fact, any book that can be read for understanding or information can probably be read for entertainment as well.31-40 DGAFI JHEKBThe meaning of silence varies among cultural group. Silence may be 31___, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every 32 with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it. as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.Many native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of 33 among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these culture is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be 34 is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these culture, silence is a call for 35____.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with 36 among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show 37 between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an cider or a person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the 38 meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not39 too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing 40 of silencecan use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures 31-40: EIACB KGJDFIn late February, a mainland tourist caused a disturbance on a Hong Kong subway. Thereason? Eating in public.In Hong Kong it is 31._____ to eat on the subway, and when the tourist was scolded by a Hong Kong local, the situation escalated（升级）into a verbal slinging match.In New York City, eating on the subway is also controversial. No law bans the practice, buta Democratic state senator (参议员) introduced one last week. The 32._____ law would ban eating on the subway system and 33._____ first time violators $250 (1,579 yuan), according to the New York Times. Proponents of the bill argue that eating on the subway attracts rats. Others say the broader target should be litterbugs, rather than those who carefully sip their coffee and eat their bread on the way to work. They also argue that "street food" is an important part of New York's culture and history. Banning its 34.______ in public areas such as the subway would have negative effects.Street food, and eating in public places is a deep-rooted cultural practice in cities as diverse as New York, Beijing and Paris. While 35______, it has been traditionally thought of as the behavior of the lower classes. Eating in public was (and in some places, still is) associated with 36______, poorer people. In the 19th century, eating in public was seen as a threat to morality and public health. Putnam's (a popular magazine at the time) stated: "Eating in public may cause a certain 37._______ofmanner and disinterest in little ladies and gentlemen. It was something people in the Victorian era did not want to 38._____. A recent New York Times article drew a link between this moral 39.______ about street food and concern over the growing populations of Irish, German, Italian and Jewish 40.____ who ran food carts in the 1800s.Whether you love eating street food, or have to eat your breakfast on the run, it's best to beconsiderate when enjoying a bite in public.31-40 EFKHB CIAGDSmart Phone Application Tracks Mental HealthMilitary service is obviously rough on a service member’s mental health. According to some 31____, 30 percent of service members develop some type of mental health issue within four months of returning home after leaving the army.The military is spending more money than ever to 32____mental health issues within the ranks, and their latest attempt is a smart phone application called the T2 MoodTracker application, which helps service members keep track of their mental health after leaving the army. The app works like a high-tech diary, allowing users to 33____ emotions and behaviors that result from therapy, medication, daily experiences or changes happening at work or in the home. The smart phone app isn’t supposed to be a pocket 34 ____, though. It serves more as an extremely accurate and 35 ____record of a service member’s mental health.Perry Bosmajian is a psychologist with the National Center for TeleHealth and Technology, where this smart phone app was created. He says this smart phone app will produce much more accurate results on the 36 ____conditions of service members who have returned home. “Therapists and physicians often have to rely on patient 37____ when trying to gather information about sympt oms over the previous weeks or months,”Bosmajian said. “Research has shown that information collected after the fact, especially about mood, tends to be 38____. The best record of an experience is when it’s recorded at the time and place it happens.”The app specifically tracks anxiety, depression, general well-being, life stress, post-traumatic (受伤后的）stress and brain injury. The daily expressions add up over time to produce a(n) 39____ that can be observed by physicians and therapists.The app has been downloaded more than 5,000 times since it became 40____ on the Android Market a year ago. Users of iPhones can also have access to the app some time next year.31-40 DJFIC BKGHACould It Be a Work by Rembrandt（伦勃朗）Rembrandt is the most famous of the seventeenth-century Dutchpainters.However, there are 31 whether some paintings attributed (归属）to Rembrandt were actually painted by him. One such painting isknown as attributed to Rembrandt because of its style, and indeed therepresentation of the woman’s face is very much like that of portraitsknown to be by Rembrandt. But there are problems with the painting that32 it could not be a work by Rembrandt.First, there is something inconsistent（不一致） about the way the woman in the 33 is dressed. She is wearing a white linen cap of a kind that only servants would wear—-yet the coat she is wearing has a 34 fur collar that no servant could afford. Rembrandt, who was known for his attention to the details of his subjects' clothing, would not have been 35 of such an inconsistency.Second, Rembrandt was a master of painting light and 36 ____ , but in this painting these elements do not fit together. The face appears to be illuminated（照亮）by light 37 onto it from below. But below the face is the dark fur collar, which would absorb light rather than reflect it. So the face should appear partially in shadow, which is not how it appears. Rembrandt would never have made such an error.Finally, examination of the back of the painting 38 that it was painted on a panel made of several pieces of wood ___39___ together. Although Rembrandt often painted on wood panels (面板)s no painting known to be by Rembrandt was painted in this way.For these reasons, the painting was _____ 40 ___ from the official catalog of Rembrandt’s paintings in the 1930s.31-40 HKDCB JFIAGNINE people died and 43 were injured in two rear-end crashes on Shanghai’s S32 Expressway that occurred during heavy fog yesterday morning.Two were 31 dead at the scene in one of the accidents, and five were found dead in the other. Two more people died in hospital, police said.Police first received a report at 5:54 am that 32 vehicles had crashed on the S32, near a ramp of S2. The S32 links Shanghai with Zhejinag Province’s Jiaxing and Huzhou.Two people were killed after getting out of their vehicle to see what was causing congestion ahead. They were hit by an out of control tanker, police said.When police arrived at that scene, they found a further five people had been killed when a construction vehicle was crushed by two large vehicles from both front and back. The crash was about three kilometers away from the accident that killed the two people on the expressway. The injured were sent to local hospitals.Some drivers reported that the road was very 33 and braking had led to vehicles losing control. “The fog was very heavy,” an unidentified driver told Shangh ai Television Station. “When I saw the accident ahead, I wanted to slow down and 34 . But once I hit the brake, the vehicle went out of control.”Zhoupu Hospital treated 12 people. “One of the 35 died on the road to the hospital,” Ding Fuhao, a doctor with the hospital, told the television station. “Three were 36 injured.”The city’s meteorological authority 37 an orange alert on heavy fog at 6:06 am, meaning 38 would be lower than 200 meters in some areas.The dense fog hit coastal areas in particular, including Chongming Island, Pudong New Area, Baoshan and Fengxian districts. The alert was 39 at 9:44am. This was Shanghai’sfirst orange alert of heavy fog since the arrival of autumn.Several expressways in the city were closed or subject to speed limits yesterday morning. Pudong International Airport was also affected by the bad weather. The airport’s traffic was about 60 percent less than normal in the morning but picked up the 40 after the orange alert was canceled, the city’s television station said.31-35 DCIAB 36-40 HCKJEGood news for giant panda lovers: the cute and cuddly creature has just been brought back from the edge of extinction.The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) __31__ the species from “endangered” to “vulnerable” as the union released its updated Red List on Sept. 4 at Hawaii with their __32__ growing by 17 percent in the decade leading up to 2014.Chinese conservation efforts, including forest protection and reforestation, are considered to be the __33__ force behind the animal's re-prosperity. The number of panda __34__ in China has also jumped to 67, from 13 in 1992. Nearly two-thirds of all wild pandas live there. Restoring the panda’s habitat has given them back their space wit h food available to them.Apart from giant pandas, the Tibetan Antelope has also moved from “endangered” to “near threatened”. According to a statement from IUCN, the animal's numbers have shrunk severely - dropping from around 1 million to a(n) __35__ 65,000 -- 72,500 in the 1980s and early 1990s - due to commercial poaching (偷猎). Rigorous protection has since been __36__ to protect the beasts and the population is now likely to be between 100,000 and 150,000.Despite the improved __37__，wild animals like the giant panda and the Tibetan Antelope still face challenges. The IUCN warned, for example, that ongoing threats from climate change could eliminate more than 35 percent of the panda's bamboo habitat in the next 80 years, which would __38__ the species recent gains.Good progress has been made but there is still work to do. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is devoted to __39__ species from around the world and their statuses in relation to theirrisk of extinction. The list currently has eight categories, including extinct, extinct in the wild, __40__ endangered, endangered, vulnerable, near threatened, least concern and data deficient. These categories are based on criteria relating to population trends, size and structure, and geographic range.31---40 G E H C F J A K D IDonald Trump 31 his place as the United States’ 45th president after crossing the 270 electoral vote threshold (门槛) on November 9. The 70-year-old Republican will take over from Barack Obama, a two-term president to occupy the White House.The rise of Trump, a celebrity businessman with no previous experience in the 32 or elected office, surprised nearly everyone in politics. Trump’s victory over Clinton will end eight years of Democratic 33 of the White House. He will govern with Congress fully under Republican control and lead a country deeply 34 by his campaign against Clinton. Given the numerous Republicans who never backed him, Trump will have to face divisions within his own party, too.As he claimed victory, Trump 35 Americans to “come together as one united people.” “I pledge to every citizen of our land that I will be president for all Americans,” he said in his victory speech. Striking a gentle tone, Trump continued that he would reach out to a few of those who had chosen not to support him for 36 an d help so that “we can work together and unify our great country.”As president, Trump’s government agenda remains unclear. The president-elect has promised to bring changes to the United States. He said he would build a wall along the U.S-Mexico border to stop immigrants from coming into the country 37 , 38 immigration from countries with ties to terrorist groups, and bargain with foreign governments such as those of Russia and China. Trump has also promised to prioritize the economic growth that creates jobs and 39 incomes for all Americans.Trump is a wild card, many voters said, but the definitely has a chance to be a successful president as long as recognizes the responsibilities he 40 and follows through on his promises.31---40 JFACE HKGBDHave you ever watched a television show or a movie and felt like you were watching a really long commercial? If so, then you’ve fallen __31__ to bad product placement (产品植入). Clever marketing folks want their products to be __32__ within a scene, but not the focus. When done correctly, product placement can add a sense of realism to a movie or television show.Product placement __33__ from as early as 1950s when a drinks company paid to have a character in the movie The African Queen toss loads of their product overboard. Since then, there have been countless placements in thousands of movies.Sometimes product placement just happens. A set dresser (布景人员) might think of something that __34__ the level of credibility or realism of the story. One example is the use of a can of ant killer in a violent fight scene in the popular television programme The Sopranos. A spokeswoman for the manufacturer said if the company had not been __35__ about the use of their product, they would not have given it a thumbs-up.Arranged product placement deals are more prevailing. The most common type is a simple exchange of the product for the placement. A deal is made; in exchange for the airtime, the cast and crew are provided with a(n) __36__ supply of the company's products.Sometimes, a gift of the product isn’t an appropriate form of compensation, so the deal __37__ with money works well. Someone from a manufacturer’s marketing team hears about a movie project, and approaches the set dresser with a(n) __38__ attractive proposal. They come to an agreement, and the product makes a number of __39__ casual appearances. Both teams are happy.Before product placement really saw a rapid growth in the mid-1980s, it was pretty much ado-it-yourself __40__. Now there are entire agencies that can handle the job. Some larger corporations will dedicate personnel to seek out opportunities for placement within films, television shows —even games and music.keys:31-40 FJEIA BGCKDIn recent years, there has been a growing emphasis on developing stronger science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) curriculum(课程) and programs, as these discipline are widely ___31____ as the means to help innovation and support national economies.This trend reflects a shift in how school discipline are being looked at; schools are ____32____ on subject that have traditionally been isolated from each other -----science, mathematics, and art --- in favor of deeper, interdisciplinary learning. K-12 education leaders are pioneering new methods for combing the arts with STEMS activities, ____33____ the ways in which subjects naturally connect in the real world. While this new movement is being discussed almost clearly and directly in an education context, its roots are planted across nearly every industry. In many ways, technology is the connective tissue. Similarly, engineering new transportation technologies requires artful design. The growing ___34____ of the important unions between different skills is paving that way for STEAM in schools.Some doubts of this movement have dismissed_____35_____ as a mere fashion driven by artists who are concerned their profession is losing critical support in an increasingly technology-focused society. However, the Hilburn Academy argues that STEAM is not just a contemporary program of learning, but an important life philosophy----____36_____ for higher education and career success. Schools should provide students plentiful opportunities ____37_____the complexities and complicated layers that indicate concrete knowledge. Early examples of STEAM learning include teaching students how mathematical concepts such as geometry(几何学) are rooted in artworks.While the rise of STEAM learning is relatively new, there are already figures that prove the。
青浦区英语一模卷
第一学期期末考试试卷高三英语（考试时间120分钟，满分150分。
请将答案填写在答题纸上）第Ⅰ卷(共103分)II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)I was always glad when the sun hung low in the west, for then my mother sent me to invite the neighboring old people to eat supper with us. "Yes, yes, gladly, gladly I shall come!" each replied. My mission done, I ran back, (28) (skip) and jumping with delight.Then my mother said aloud, "My little daughter is anxious to hear your stories." As each in turn began to tell a legend, I pillowed my head in my mother's lap; and lying flat upon my back, I watched (31) stars one by one. The increasing interest of the tale aroused me, and I sat up eagerly listening for every word. The old women made funny remarks, and laughed so heartily (32) I could not help joining them.(B)The 43rd U.S. president George W. Bush stepped back into the spotlight when a library and museum dedicated to him opened to the public on May 1. the George W. Bush Presidential Library and Museum is dedicated (33) the campus of Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas. The library and museum is plentiful with exhibits on the historical events. “About 3000,000 visitors (34) (expect)”,said the library and museum spokesman.Presidential libraries are not libraries in the traditional sense. People cannot go to the George W. Bush Presidential library (35) (check) out a book. They are facilities that preserve documents and items of a president and his act of governing. (36) is preserved at a presidential library is available to the public to see and study because presidential libraries are public property (37) (belong) to the American people.The Presidential library system began in 1939 when President Franklin Roosevelt ,during(38) second term in office, donated his personal and presidential papers to the government. Up until that point, presidential papers were destroyed, sold for profit, ruined by poor storage conditions, (39) were simply lost to the history.Roosevelt believed that presidential documents were an important part of the nation’s heritage. He also donated a potion of his estate in Hyde PARK, New York, (40) his library and museum would be built. This began a tradition that would carry on with every president that followed.Section BSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Seven-year-old Jordan Lisle, in Mill Valley, California,joined his family at a packed after-hours school event last month aimed at inspiring anew interest: computer programming.The event was part of a national educational ___51____ in computer coding instruction that is growing at Internet speeds. Since December, 20,000 teachers from kindergarten through 12thgrade have___52_____ coding lessons, according to , a group backed by the techindustry that offer s free curriculums. ___53_____, some 30 school districts have agreed to addcoding classes in the fall. And policy makers innine states have begun awarding the same ___54____ for co mputer science classes that they do for basic math and science courses, rather than treating them as optional courses.It is a remarkable change for computer science. Smartphones and apps are commonplace now,and engineering careers are __55____. To many parents, coding looks more like a basiclife skill, one that might someday __56____ a great job or even instant riches.The spread of coding instruction, ___57____ just new, is “never known—there’s neverbeen a move this fast in education,” said Elliot Soloway, a professor of education and computerscience at the University of Michigan. He sees it as very positive, ___58____ inspiring studentsto develop a new passion, perhaps the way that teaching frog dissection (解剖) may inspire future surgeons and biologists.But the exposure to early coding comes with __59__, too. It is not clear that teaching basiccomputer science in grade school will beget future jobs or encourage __60___ creativity andlogical thinking. And particularly foryounger children, Dr. Soloway said, the activity is more like a video game, but not likely to impart actual pr ogramming skills. A coding curriculum, ___61___ by Code. Org., combines basic instruction with videogames involving Angry Birds and hungry zombies.The lessons do not __62____ traditional computer la nguage. Rather, they use simple wordcommands — like “move forward” or “turn right”— that children can click on and move around, to ___63____ an Angry Bird to capture a pig.The movement comes with no shortage of “we’re changing the world” marketing passion from Silicon Valley.“This is strategically ___64____for the economy of the United States,” said JohnPearce, a tec hnology businessman who has started a nonprofit, MV Gate, with Jeff Leane,to bring youth and family coding courses developed by to MillValley.Parents love the idea of giving children something to do with computers that they see as____65___, Mr. Pearce said.“I can’t take my kid playing one more hour of video games,but if the children are exploring coding, I tell him I can live with that all night long.”51. A. temptation B. movement C. motion D. proposition52. A. introduced B. appealed C. recognized D. calculated53. A. In addition B. However C. Therefore D. Thus54. A. rewards B. prizes C. credits D. funds55. A. costly B. critical C. insecure D. hot56. A. result from B. work out C. pick up D. lead to57. A. before B. while C. when D. after58. A. virtually B. extensively C. potentially D. annoyingly59. A. warnings B. responsibility C. admission D. compliments60. A. superior B. inferior C. fiercer D. broader61. A. collected B. developed C. mentioned D. sacrificed62. A. declare B. cover C. call D. deepen63. A. forbid B. resist C. urge D. direct64. A. sensible B. reliable C. significant D. common65. A. efficient B. measurable C. productive D. stableSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)POETRY BY HEART By Andrew Motion (Viking £16.99)For three years, a terrific national competition has encouraged pupils aged 14 to 18 to learn and recite poetry — and this fat collection is the pool of 200 poems from which they have to make their choice. This anthology makes a fine present for anyone interested in poetry, ranging from the earliest English poem through every century to current poetry with many themes and from different ethnic backgrounds. Some of the choices seem odd to me —but that’s part of the fun, as you wonder why. The notes make the book really useful. Every home should have a copy.POEMS THAT MAKE GROWN MEN CRYEdited by Anthony and Ben Holden (Simon & Schuster £16.99)This is a fascinating, wide-ranging selection of poems chosen by 100 well-known men — simply because they find them deeply moving. But grown men aren’t supposed to cry, are they?Some of the poems are about loss, as you’d expect, but others are about deeply held political passions or intense observations of nature. Each is introduced by the chooser, usually with frank personal detail.BLACK COUNTRY by Liz Berry (Chatto £10)This is a writer I’m thrilled to discover — someone who takes a pride in the Midlands, where she lives. Berry uses some of the dialect words she heard as a child, turning ordinariness into something direct, tender and beautiful.The disagreeable Brummie accent becomes music in the hands of this fine young poet.LEARNING TO MAKE AN OUD IN NAZARETH byRuth Padel (Chatto £10)Padel is one of our most talented writers. Poet,naturalist, musician and travel writer, she turns hermulti-layered poetic attention to the Middle East,seeking peace and harmony through sensitive andmoving poems that offer hope even as they reflectupon struggle.Her prolific and passionate creativity is proof that‘making is our defence against the dark’.66. Of the four books mentioned above, who are the creators of the poems?A. Andrew Motion and Liz BerryB. Liz Berry and Ruth PadelC. Anthony and Ben HoldenD. Ruth Padel and Ben Holden67. Which of the following statements is true?A. Students aged 14 to 18 can choose a poem from Black Country to take part in a competition.B. Liz Berry can change the unpleasant Brummie accent into a beautiful song.C. Men will cry after they read the poems written by 100 distinguished persons.D. You will read personal perspectives in Poems That Make Grown Men Cry.68. My cousin is obsessed with poetry of different kinds, so my first choice as a gift for him would be ______.A. Learning to Make an Oud in NazarethB. Black CountryC. Poetry by HeartD. Poems that Make Grown Men Cry69. Which of the four books may probably give the people living in psychological suffering comfort and relief?A. Poems that Make Grown Men CryB. Poetry by HeartC. Black CountryD. Learning to Make an Oud in Nazareth(B)Emergency rooms (ER) are supposed to cure people but Dr. John Stemgold wonders if working in an ER in Willits made him sick. The ER was downwind of the Remco chrome plant. “I used to sit facing that window and kind of daydream out the window, looking at Remco, looking at the fog coming out of there. Then I would cough and cough.” Stemgold said.What Dr.Stemgold didn’t know was that Remco was flowing out Chromium VI into the air--- a chemical known to cause cancer and breathing problems in humans. A recent state health department study found that people who were in Willits when Remco was in operation from 1964 to 1995 are at higher risk for cancer because of Chromium VI exposure.In the battle to balance public health and a healthy economy, laws often favor business, Alan Ramo is a professor of law at Golden Gate University. “There is a real drive to make money, to have employment. When there’s a real job that’s available and a theoretical risk of a chemical, jobs win out, business wins out.”And chemicals are allowed to flood the marketplace and the government requires strict testing before any drugs can be sold. But the vast majority of industrial chemicals are put into use little testing of any kind Chemicals that people like us, you and me might be exposed to. Marilyn Underwood is with California state health department. “ You need to have the convincing evidence that something is bad to then start regulating it.” However, in most cases, chemicals are not tested until someone reports the abnormal, unnatural condition of the environment in general.“I think that if people really knew what really goes on with environmental protection I think they would be shocked and they should be.” Says Professor Ramo. “It might be valuable for other people to know what has happened to me, not for me but for them.” He said “because they might be in a similar situation because of where they work.”70. What happened to the people who lived in Willits from 1964-1995?A. most of them were forced to move away.B. They earn a lot of fortune from the factory or the profit it brought about.C. employees from local area all got sick and lost their jobs at the plant.D. They have a greater chance of having severe disease.71. What can we infer from the scientists’ finding twenty years ago?A. Chromium VI surroundings help surgeons have more casual life.B. More skillful and capable doctors were needed.C. There is no safe level of Chromium VI exposure.D. A group of scientists were trying proper ways to solve the problems.72. When are new chemicals for industry tested?A. When they make smog-forming gases.B. When some problem is noticed.C. Ten years after they are first used.D. When the plant faces collapse.73. One of the important issues in the story is______.A. The dangers of emergency rooms that create health problem downwind.B. Doctors prescribing too many drugs.C. The battle to balance public health and a healthy economyD. Why scientists restricted chemical, like Chromium VI(C)The vast majority of fitness trackers count your ste ps and are worn around the wrist, but now there’s a device that’s designed to be worn like a necklace and monitors tiny movements to improve your posture.The Fineck device aims to address neck pain by tracking tiny movement, spotting bad habits and suggesting exercises via an accompanying app. Made from silicone(硅)and titanium(钛), Fineck monitors a wearer’s movement, balance, posture and movement thanks to sensors inside. The Mountain View California-based firm says that a high percentage of people suffer from neck pain and associated problems, probably caused by more individuals doing office jobs, which generally involve leaning over computer keyboard.The device contains sensors, several different types of instruments to monitor movement, plus a monitor to shake. It connects to an iOS app via Bluetooth so that wearers can see their bad habits and play “neck training” games. The app warns of health risks and records a user’s activity to build up a customer personal health description. The necklace shakes to give smart advice, such as reminding wearers to sit up straight. The app also allows users to set goals, like many other wearables do. “Fineck is the first wearable device for your neck that tracks your neck activity and warn you when you are in a bad posture for too long. You can also exercise your neck with Fineck’s interactive games.” The company writes on Kickstarter. “No matter where you are and what you are doing at office, on the go, or simply just feeling bored, Fineck will bring you enriched exer cise experience through motion sensing games and therapies.”It also claims that it is “the world’s first titanium wearable device”. The metal is widely used in fashion stuff that you can wear or carry to match your clothes because it is lightweight, durable and does not tend to cause allergic(过敏的)reactions. It also offers additional features such as shaking to indicate alerts on a user’s smartphone, but it is not currently clear whether it can also be used like bands, to count steps, and so on.The Fineck has a battery life of around seven days and takes one hour to charge. It is available to pre-order via Kickstarter from ＄69(￡44)and is due to ship in March next year.74. What helps the Fineck device to deal with neck pain?A. An accompanying app.B. A necklace75. Besides allowiong people to set goals, the iOS app also_____.A. improves your posture and suggests exercisesB. exercise your neck and does office jobsC. alerts you to health risk and records your activityD. counts your steps and addresses neck pain76. Which of the following statements is true?B. Movie stars like to wear necklace made of silicone to match their clothes.C. The device count the steps to help wearers to see their bad habits.D. Neck-ache is something caused by using computers too much.77. We can infer from the passage that the Fineck device will_____.A. actually not cause allergic reactions.B. enrich your life by providing “neck training” gamesC. monitor a wearer’s movement due to the material it is made ofD. help to correct your improper posturesSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.The one place you really don’t want to be on weekend is in hospital. Last week, it was revealed in the research by Guy’s and St Thomas’ hospital in London, that stroke patients admitted on a Saturday or Sunday are up to 16 percent more likely to die .Meanwhile , a report earlier this year from NHS England found that all patients are 12 percent more likely to die if admitted to hospital at the weekend ------this was because fewer senior staff were available and there was a lack of access to key physical examination tests, such as scans.But even if you’re not in hospital, weekend s can be a health danger. You might have thought it was your chance to recover after a hard week ,but as we reveal, while they won’t kill you, weekends may be bad for your health.Caffeine withdrawal may be another factor, if you usually drink three or four cups of tea or coffee on week days to help you concentrate at work, but don’t at the weekend, your body can go into withdrawal . it’s thought caffeine also influences the chemical messenger that widens blood vessels in the brain----without it, these vessels narrow again, triggering a headache.Lying on the sofa in front of TV for hours watching your favorites after a week of running around can make heartburn worse----or even cause it to happen, as sitting with the head and shoulders bent forward puts pressure on the stomach, forcing acid up the gullet, the tube through which food passes from the mouth to the stomach, say Steven Mann, a gastroenterologist at the Royal Free London Trust.(note: Answer the question or complete the statements in NOT MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS)78. besides fewer staff available, why are weekend patients admitted to hospitals more likely to die?79. what are the two factors which may cause headaches?81. we can infer from the passage that the final straw in the last paragraph means___________________________________.第Ⅱ卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.Translation.1.这项慈善基金的设立旨在中国推广青山年足球。
2017年上海各区高考英语一模单项汇总(翻译部分)
2017年宝山区高考一模翻译部分V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.顾客购物时总是注重品牌形象。
(focus)73.我再也抑制不住看篮球比赛的冲动。
(no longer)74.这本书备受推崇的原因是它给人以希望和启迪。
(…why…)75.她的有关个人奋斗的演讲很真诚，让我们感动得几乎流泪。
（…such …that…）2017年崇明区高考一模翻译部分V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.你是否赞成为贫困学生设立一项基金？（approve)73. 不可否认的是上海迪斯尼乐园每天人满为患。
（deny)74. 那个专门研究家庭教育的教授将受邀给这些家长做讲座。
（expert)75. 垃圾分类不仅有助于环境保护还有利于废物循环利用，所以人人要行动起来。
（Not only)2017年奉贤区高考一模I.TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 环保组织呼叮公众投票反对这个项目。
(appeal)73. 人生最重要的不是我们置身何处，而是我们将前往何处。
(matter)74. 只有充分利用你遇到的每个机会，你才能实现自己的梦想。
（Only)75. 随着各种支付方式的出现，许多人越来越担心的是，和现金或信用卡相比，他们的电子钱包是否足够安全。
（concern)2017年虹口高考一模I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、干嘛不去看场电影放松一下自己？（Why）2、全市所有的公园都应对市民免费开放。
2016~2017学年上海市青浦区英语高考一模卷
2017年青浦区高考英语一模卷(考试时间120分钟，满分140分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.2. A. In a clinic. B. In a cinema.C. In an electronics store.D. In a bookstore.3. A. A salesperson. B. A pilot. C. A waitress. D. A firefighter.4. A. To work in July. B. To print a form.C. To go back to school.D. To take a vocation.5. A. He dropped his phone. B. He hates long-distance calls.C. His call got cut off.D. His mobile is too long.6. A. He is consulting. B. He is arguing with the woman.C. He is complaining.D. He is giving advice.7. A. People are waiting at the automatic ticket machine.B. The man will not stay in line for the tickets.C. The woman will exchange tickets at the machine.D. They are waiting in line buying tickets for a movie.8. A. She has confidence in her job. B. She has just got a job promotion.C. She is excited to see the man.D. She will make greater efforts.9. A. Find a paper in the copy machine.B. Fill out an application form.C. Show her library card.D. Sit at the table next to her.10. A. The posters are not as good as the stalls.B. The stall could have been more amazing.C. The charity event was a copy of the past.D. She was having hearing problems.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. To show one’s love. B. To comfort someone.C. To identify an old friend.D. To congratulate someone.12. A. France. B. America. C. China. D. Britain.13. A. A comparison between the west and the east.C. The French is a nation fond of hugging.D. A study on IQ and hugs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.12. A. To save time for laws to take effect.B. To weaken the government’s check.C. To give himself more power.D. To change the country’s political system.13. A. A category. B. A measurement.C. An activity.D. An airport.14. A. The major industrial growth. B. The number of people at the airport.C. The side effect of an emergency.D. The unhealthy level of pollution.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.15. A. Aging process. B. A talk show.C. Job hunting.D. Work pressure.16. A. He will be in a talk show in the afternoon.B. He used to be an actor but now a manager.C. He noticed the woman was under stress long ago.D. He suggests the woman do something different.17. A. Hungry. B. Exhausted. C. Energetic. D. Relaxed.18. A. The woman feels stressed because she is aging.B. The woman feels sick, so she doesn’t want to have lunch.C. Payday makes the woman feel better despite the great pressure.D. The man was happy that he was not given the job he applied for II. Grammar and vocabularyII. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One day a professor entered the classroom and told the students about a surprise test. After hearing that, all students ____21____ (seat) and waited for the test to begin. The professor gave the test papers to all students with the text____22_____ (face) down at the desk. Once he handed out the test papers to all students, he asked them to turn the test pages and begin.Students’ were confused to see there was not a question ____23_____just a black dot in the center of the page. The professor noticed the students’ face expression and told them, “I want you to write about what you s ee there.”The students were even __24__ (confused) but started the test by then. At the end of the class,. the professor took all answer sheets and started reading each answer in front of all students. All of them described about the black dot, ___25______ position they tried to explain. After the professor finished reading, the whole class was silent.The professor explained, "Don't worry. I am not going to give you grades but I just want you to think about something. Here ___26______ focused on the black dot but no one wrote about the white paper, and the same is with our lives. The white paper represents our whole life and the black spot represents problems in our life. ___27___ our life is a gift given to us by God, with love and care, we have every reason to celebrate. Still we just focus on problems like health issues, problemsin relationships etc., but we never see these problems are very small compared with___28___ we have in our lives.”So there is the moral lesson: we ___29______ try to take eyes off our problems and enjoy each moment that life _____30____ (give) us. Be happy and live the life positively.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. approachedB. generousC. financiallyD. effortE. datesF. victimG. closed H. substituting I .boosts J. visible K. seeminglyHave you ever watched a television show or a movie and felt like you were watching a really long commercial? If so, then you’ve fallen ___31______to bad product placement (产植入）.Clever marketing folks want their products to be __32_ within a scene, but not the focus. When done correctly, product placement can add a sense of realism to a movie or television show.Product placement ___33______ from as early as 1950s when a drinks company paid to have a character in the movie The African Queen toss loads of their product overboard. Since then, there have been countless placements in thousands of movies.Sometimes product placement just happens. A set dresser (布景人员）might think of something that _34— the level of credibility or realism of the story. One example is the use of a can of ant killer in a violent fight scene in the popular television programme The Sopranos. A spokeswoman for the manufacturer said if the company had not been —35— about the use of their product, they would not have given it a thumbs-up.Arranged product placement deals are more prevailing. The most common type is a simple exchange of the product for the placement. A deal is made; in exchange for the airtime, the cast and crew are provided with a(n)___36______supply of the company's products.Sometimes, a gift of the product isn’t an appropriate form of comp ensation, and then the deal, ____37___with money, works well. Someone from a manufacturer's marketing team hears about a movie project, and approaches the set dresser with a(n) _38_ attractive proposal. They come to an agreement, and the product makes a number of 39— casual appearances. Both teams are happy.Before product placement really saw a rapid growth in the mid-1980s, it was pretty much a do-it-yourself ___40___. Now there are entire agencies that can handle the job. Some larger corporations will dedicate personnel to seek out opportunities for placement within films, television shows ——even games and music.III.Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Traditionally uniforms were manufactured to protect the worker. When they were first designed, it is also likely that all uniforms made symbolic sense —those for the military, for example, were originally____41_____to impress and even terrify the enemy; other uniforms indicated a distinction in ____42_____ chefs wore white because they worked with flour, but themain chef wore a black hat to show he inspected and supervised.The last 30 years, however, have seen an increasing____43_____ on their role in mirroring the image of an organization and in uniting the workforce, particularly in “customer facing” industries. From uniforms and workwear has emerged “___44______ clothing”. “The pe ople you employ are your ambassadors (大使），’’ says Peter Griffin, managing director of a major retailer in the UK. “What they say, how they look, and how they behave is of vital importance.” From being a simple means of ___45___ who is a member of staff, the uniform is emerging as a new channel of marketing communication.Truly effective marketing through____46_____ images such as uniforms is a subtle art, however. How we look sends all sorts of powerful messages to other people. Dark colors give a sense of ____47_____ while lighter color shades suggest approachability. Certain dress style creates a sense of conservatism (守旧），while others a sense of___48______ to new ideas. If the company is selling quality, then it must have quality uniforms. If it is selling style, its uniforms must be stylish. If it wants to appear ____49____, everybody can’t look exactly the same.But turning corporate philosophies into the right combination of color, style, degree of branding and uniformity is not always ____50_____. According to Company Clothing magazine, there are 1000 companies supplying the workwear and corporate clothing market. Of these, 22 ____51_____for 85% of total sales 一£380 million in 1994.A successful uniform needs to___52______two key sets of needs. On the one hand, no uniform will work if staff feel uncomfortable or ugly. On the other hand, it is ___53______ if the look doesn't express the business's marketing strategy. The greatest challenge in this respect is time. When it comes to human awareness, first impressions count. Customers will assess the way staff look in just a few seconds, and that few seconds will____54_____ their attitudes from then on. Those few seconds can be so important that big companies are prepared to____55_____ years, and millions of pounds, getting them right.41. A. intended B. tended C. extended D. attended42. A. statue B. stability C. status D. statistics43. A. preference B. argument C. compliment D. emphasis44. A. cooperate B. political C. corporate D. academic45. A. exposing B. identifying C. qualifying D. requesting46. A. studio B. audio C. visual D. casual47. A. clarity B. authority C. availability D. accessibility48. A. exposure B. rejection C. reluctance D. openness49. A. stable B. uniform C. innovative D. similar50. A. smooth B. disagreeable C. objective D. complex51. A. exchange B. call C. stand D. account52. A. establish B. balance C. neglect D. desert53. A. pointless B. significant C. useful D. careless54. A. maintain B.shape C. draw D. value55. A. commit B. command C. dedicate D. investSection CDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)St Kilda is a tiny archipelago (群岛）of the North Atlantic Ocean. The islands are among the most spectacular, but the greatest fascination is that, for over a thousand years, people lived there and possessed a sense of community. Cut off from the mainland, the islanders had a distinct way of living their lives, mainly eating the seabirds that returned to breed on the rocks.Isolation also had a big effect upon St kildans attitudes and ideas. The people sacrificed themselves year in and year out, in a constant battle to secure a livelihood. In such harsh conditions, life was only possible because the whole community worked together.In the 19th century St Kilda was subject to pressures from the outside world. Education, religion and tourism all attempted to throw the St Kildans5 way of life into doubt. In the early 20th century, the strength of the community became weakened as contact with the rest of Britain increased. When disease cut their numbers, and wind and sea made it difficult to get adequate food, the St Kildans were forced to turn to the mainland for assistance.In 1930, the St Kildans finally agreed to abandon their homes. They settled on the Scottish mainland, not realizing it meant throwing themselves into the 20th century. As adults, they had to accept those values most Scots believe in. For instance, the islanders found it difficult to' base their existence upon money. They had never lived in a world where they bought goods and services from each other.The islanders showed themselves indifferent to the jobs they were given on the mainland. The labours asked of them were unskilled compared with the spectacular skills they had once performed in order to kill seabirds. Moreover, killing birds had once provided the community with food to survive. On the mainland, however, the tasks they were asked to perform did not provide them immediately with what was needed to keep them fed and warm.The history of the St Kildans after the evacuation (撤离），of their inability and lack of resolution to fit into urban society, makes sad reading. When they were resettled on the mainland, the St Kildans were forced to live in a society whose values were unacceptable and incomprehensible to the majority of them. For many, the move was a tragedy.56. According to Paragraph 3, the following factors lead to St kildans seeking help from outside EXCEPT______________.A. unbearable windB. insufficient food supplyC. contact with BritainD. worsening health57. After the St Kildans inhabited Scotland, they .A. soon learned how to buy goods and services from othersB. had trouble adapting to the value of dominant society.C. exhibited willingness to carry out their given jobs.D. had the opportunity to show their skills of killing seabirds.58. Which of the following is NOT about how people used to live on St Kilda?A. The major source of food was found locally.B. It was essential for people to help each other.C. Very few people had visited mainland Scotland.D. Money played an insignificant role in life.59. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. The role of money in modem communities.B. How a community adapted to a different form of life.C. The destruction of an old-fashioned community.D. How a small community fight against opposite conditions.(B)The following safety risks may result in serious injury or death to the user of the MINI Cooper S: •This product contains small parts that arc for adult assembly (组装）only. Keep small children away when assembling. Remove all protective materials before assembly. Be sure to remove all packaging materials and parts from underneath the car body.•Battery posts contain lead known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Never open the battery.•Body parts such as hands, legs, hair and clothing can get caught in moving parts. Never place a body part near a moving part or wear loose clothingwhile using the vehicle. Always wear shoes when using the vehicle.•Using the vehicle near streets, motor vehicles, drop-offs such as steps, water (swimming pools) or other bodies of water, hills, wet areas, in small lanes, at night or in the dark could result in an unexpected accident. Instead, use the vehicle on the highway. Always use the vehicle in a safe, secure environment.•Using the vehicle in unsafe conditions such as snow, rain, loose dirt, mud, or sand may result in unexpected action, for example tip over.•Using the vehicle in an unsafe manner. Examples include but are not limited to:•Pulling the vehicle with another vehicle or similar device •Allowing more than two riders •Pushing the user from the back •Traveling at an unsafe speed•Always use common sense and safe practices when using the vehicle.•Store the vehicle indoors or cover it to protect it from weather. Water will damage the motor, electric system, and battery.60. When assembling, you should______________________.A. open the battery on the spotB. ignore the packaging materialsC. make sure kids are not presentD. start from underneath the car61. According to the text, it is safer to______________________.A. use batteries containing leadB. drive in small lanes at midnightC. drive on the highway instead of on hillsD. wear loose clothes while driving61. Where can you probably find the text?A. In an official report.B. In a medical journal.C. In a physics textbook.D. In a product handbook.(C)In a land swept by typhoons and shaken by earthquakes，how have Japan’s tallest and seemingly most breakable old buildings---500 or so wooden pagodas, tower-shaped buildings —remained standing for centuries? Japanese scholars have been confused for ages about their stability.For centuries，many attributed the resilience (抗震性）of pagodas to the massive trunk-like central columns known as shinbashira, which bends and swings during a typhoon or earthquake, just like a tall tree. But the amazing thing is that the shinbashira actually does not carry any load at all but is suspended from the top of the pagoda — hanging loosely down through the middle of the building. The weight of the building is supported entirely by twelve outer and four inner columns.And what is the role of the shinbashira, the central column? The best way to understand theshinbashira's role is to watch a video made by Shuzo Ishida, a structural engineer at Kyoto Institute of Technology. Mr. Ishida, known to his students as “Professor Pagoda” has built a series of models and tested them on a “shake-table” in his laboratory. In short, the shinbashira was acting like an enormous pendulum (钟摆).Under pressure, a pagoda’s loose floors could be made to slide back and forth independently. Viewed from the side, the pagoda seemed to be doing a snake dance — with each floor moving in the opposite direction to its neighbours above and below. The shinbashira, running up through a hole in the centre of the building, made it unlikely that individual storeys moved too far because, after moving a certain distance, they banged into it, passing on energy away along the column.Another strange feature of the Japanese pagoda is that, because of the building tapers (锥形), with each floor plan being smaller than the one below, none of the vertical (垂直的）columns that carry the weight of the building is connected to its corresponding column above. In other words, a five-storey pagoda contains not even one column that travels right up through the building. More surprising is the fact that the individual storeys of a Japanese pagoda are not actually connected to each other. They are simply stacked one on top of another like a pile of hats.The extra-wide eaves(屋檐）also play a part. Think of them as a balancing pole of tightrope-walkers. The bigger the mass at each end of the pole, the easier it is for the tightrope walker to maintain his balance. The same holds true for a pagoda. With the eaves extending out on all sides like balancing poles, the building responds to even the most powerful earthquake with a graceful swinging, never an abrupt shaking.62. In a Japanese pagoda, the shinbashira is designed to______________.A. bear certain amount of weight of the pagodaB. bend under pressure the way a tall tree doesC. connect the floors with pagoda’s baseD. stop the floors from moving too far58. Shuzo Ishida performs experiments in order to___________________.A. apply the pendulum into practiceB. gain insight into the “shake-table” modelC. learn about the mechanisms of pagodasD. locate shinbashira^ exact position in a pagoda59. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the article?A. Some columns may extend from the bottom to the top of a pagoda.B. The functions of extra eaves and balancing poles are similar.C. The storeys of a Japanese pagoda are fitted loosely.D. Pagodas5 amazing capacity to resist impact has long puzzled scholars.60. What is the best title for the passage?A. How Shinbashira Plays Its RoleB. Why Pagodas Do Not Fall DownC. Distinct Features of Japanese ArchitectureD. Shuzo Ishida, a Distinguished EngineerSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of ourlives.B. Space allows us to expand and succeed: for the sake of everyone on the earth, now and in thefuture, space exploration is essential.C. The mysterious space objects varying in size have been fascinated scientists and scholars foryears.D. It appears that we are driven to ensure the success and continuation of not just our own genes,but of the species as a whole.E. Therefore it still poses a problem for us human beings whether to explore the space at the costof our own homelandsF. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed orhow it works, it also holds dangers.Why should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? 67________________ . The wider the distribution of a species, the better its chance of survival.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be located. Additional resources are always beneficial when used wisely, and can increase our chances of survival. Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society at large. 68_______. Also, we have already benefited from other by-products, including improvements in earthquake prediction — which has saved many lives — in satellites used for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick saucepans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products of technological developments in the space industry!_____69___________.The chances of a large comet (彗星）hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction of dinosaurs and other species. Human technology is reaching the point where it might be able to detect the possibility of this happening, and enable us to minimize the damage, or prevent it completely, allowing us as a species to avoid extinction.In certain circumstances, life on Earth may become impossible: over-population or wide spread diseases, for instance, might eventually force us to find other places to live. While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.______70___________II. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Last year my company was bought by a large corporation and most of the managers lost their jobs. That was when I decided to do something I’d always wanted to do ——become a freelance writer (自由作家).Changing professions has meant that my lifestyle has changed in a number of ways.I work about as much as I did before ——between 45 and 50 hours a week —~ but my schedule is much less fixed than it used to be. Before, I worked from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. every day, with a few extra hours on weekends. Now, however, 1 work when I feel like it. For instance, sometimes I workuntil midnight or 2 a.m., then sleep until noon. I really prefer this kind of schedule.While I was working as a manager, I never exercised. I already felt tired after work, so I just came home in the evening and watched TV. However, last year I joined a health club and began to do regular exercise. As a result I have lost over 10 pounds and I feel much better. Tve also started to eat more healthfully. I used to eat a lot of fast food, but now I do my own shopping. I buy lots of fruits and vegetables and cook them at home.Of course, not all the changes have been that easy. For example, I don't feel as safe financially as I used to. When I was working as a manager, I never worried much about money. I could always count on getting my paycheck every two weeks. Working freelance, I don't have a regular paycheck. So now I have to make sure that there’s enough money until the next check arrives.All in all, I really like my current life style. Of course, that doesn’t mean I’ll never want to have a “regular” job. But for me, at least, it suits me.III. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 中午的欢迎会已推迟到下周三。
2020届上海市青浦区2017级高三一模考试英语试卷及解析
2020届上海市青浦区2017级高三一模考试英语试卷★祝考试顺利★I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. 10. B. 20. C. 30. D. 40.2. A. A teacher. B. A coach. C. A judge. D. A doctor.3. A. In the school clinic. B. In the bookstore.C. In the teacher’s office.D. In the theatre.4. A. The man didn’t even know Jenny. B. Jenny changed the color of her hair.C. The woman dialed Jenny last week.D. The man didn’t notice Jenny’s hair.5. A. He kept awake last night, feeling hot.B. He stayed up late last night, working hard.C. He didn’t have an air conditioner in his room.D. He didn’t go to work last night because he was tired.6. A. Checking in. B. Giving suggestions.C. Making complaints.D. Looking for the toilet.7. A. Reasonable. B. Practical. C. Serious. D. Ridiculous.8. A. He was attracted. B. He was puzzled.C. He was bored.D. He was unconscious.9. A. The man is already fed up with playing the piano.B. The piece of music the man played is very popular.C The woman came to the concert at the man’s request.D. The man’s unique talents are the envy of many people.10. A. Whether the houses are for sale.B. Whether the article is worth reading.C. Whether the house developers are negative.D. Whether paying a visit to the house is helpful.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Sunlight exposure. B. Stress level. C. Health risks. D. Lifestyle.12. A. Because fatty fish contain Vitamin A & D.B. Because eyes have special needs for nutrition.C. Because eye maintenance mainly relies on foods.D. Because leafy green vegetables are rich in nutrition.13. A. By using computers with 24-inch screens. B. By glaring at the screen.C. By reducing exposure to blue light.D. By rubbing the eye every two hours.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Contented and relieved. B. Anxious and depressed.C. Proud but a bit nervous.D. Excited but a bit sad.15. A. Choose the right school for them. B. Help them to learn by themselves.C. Read books and magazines to them.D. Set an example for them to follow.16. A. Their intelligence. B. The quality of their school.。
2017年度青浦高三英语一模卷
青浦区2016学年第一学期高三年级期终学业质量调研测试英语试卷（时间120分钟，满分140分）Q2016.12考生注意：1．本试卷共12页。
满分140分。
考试时间120分钟。
2．答题前，考生务必在答题卡（纸）上用钢笔或水笔清楚填写姓名、准考证号，并用铅笔正确涂写准考证号。
3．答案必须全部涂写在答题卡（纸）上。
第1-20小题, 第31-70小题，均由机器阅卷，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题纸编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
第21-30小题，第IV、V大题（即第72-75小题）和VI大题，其答案用钢笔或水笔写在答题纸上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
I. Listening ComprehensionSection A Short ConversationsDirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.2. A. In a clinic. B. In a cinema.C. In an electronics store.D. In a bookstore.3. A. A salesperson. B. A pilot. C. A waitress. D. A firefighter.4. A. T o work in July. B. To print a form.C. To go back to school.D. T o take a vacation.5. A. He dropped his phone. B. He hates long-distance calls.C. His call got cut off.D. His mobile is too long.6. A. He is consulting. B. He is arguing with the woman.C. He is complaining.D. He is giving advice.7. A. People are waiting at the automatic ticket machine.B. The man will not stay in line for the tickets.C. The woman will exchange tickets at the machine.D. They are waiting in line buying tickets for a movie.8. A. She has confidence in her job. B. She has just got a job promotion.C. She is excited to see the man.D. She will make greater efforts.9. A. Find a paper in the copy machine.B. Fill out an application form.C. Show her library card.D. Sit at the table next to her.10. A. The posters are not as good as the stalls.B. The stall could have been more amazing.C. The charity event was a copy of the past.D. She was not listening carefully.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) andthe passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. T o show one’s love. B. To comfort someone.C. To identify an old friend.D. T o congratulate someone.12. A. France. B. America. C. Italy. D. Britain.13. A. A comparison between the west and the east.B. People hug each other for many reasons.C. The French is a nation fond of hugging.D. A study on IQ and hugs.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. T o save time for laws to take effect.B. To weaken the government’s check.C. To give himself more power.D. T o change the country’s political system.15. A. A category. B. A measurement.C. An activity.D. An airport.16. A. The major industrial growth.B. The number of people at the airport.C. The side effect of an emergency.D. The unhealthy level of pollution.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Aging process. B. A talk show.C. Job hunting.D. Work pressure.18. A. He will be in a talk show in the afternoon.B. He used to be an actor but now a manager.C. He noticed the woman was under stress long ago.D. He suggests the woman do something different.19. A. Hungry. B. Relaxed. C. Energetic. D. Exhausted.20. A. The woman feels stressed because she is aging.B. The woman feels sick, so she doesn’t want to have lunch.C. Payday makes the woman feel better despite the great pressure.D. The man was happy that he was not given the job he applied for.II. Grammar and vocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One day a professor entered the classroom and told the students about a surprisetest. After hearing that, all students __21__ (seat) and waited for the test to begin. The professor gave the test papers to all students with the text __22__ (face) down at the desk. Once he handed out the test papers to all students, he asked them to turn the test pages and begin.Students’were confused to see there was not a question __23__ just a black dot in the center of the page. The professor noticed the students’face expression and told them, “I want you to write about what you see there.”The students were __24__ (confused) but started the test by then. At the end of the class, the professor took all answer sheets and started reading each answer in front of all students. All of them described about the black dot, __25__ position they tried to explain. After the professor finished reading, the whole class was silent.The professor explained, “Don’t worry. I am not going to give you grades but I just want you to think about something. Here __26__ focused on the black dot but no one wrote about the white paper, and the same is with our lives. The white paper represents our whole life and the black spot represents problems in our life. __27__ our life is a gift given to us by God, with love and care, we have every reason to celebrate. Still we just focus on problems like health issues, problems in relationships etc., but we never see these problems are very small compared with __28__ we have in our lives.”So there is the moral lesson: we __29__ try to take eyes off our problems and enjoyeach moment that life __30__ (give) us. Be happy and live the life positively.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Have you ever watched a television show or a movie and felt like you were watching a really long commercial? If so, then you’ve fallen __31__ to bad product placement (产品植入). Clever marketing folks want their products to be __32__ within a scene, but not the focus. When done correctly, product placement can add a sense of realism to a movie or television show.Product placement __33__ from as early as 1950s when a drinks company paid to have a character in the movie The African Queen toss loads of their product overboard. Since then, there have been countless placements in thousands of movies.Sometimes product placement just happens. A set dresser (布景人员) might think of something that __34__ the level of credibility or realism of the story. One example is the use of a can of ant killer in a violent fight scene in the popular television programme The Sopranos. A spokeswoman for the manufacturer said if the company had not been __35__ about the use of their product, they would not have given it a thumbs-up.Arranged product placement deals are more prevailing. The most common type is a simple exchange of the product for the placement. A deal is made; in exchange for the airtime, the cast and crew are provided with a(n) __36__ supply of the company's products.Sometimes, a gift of the product isn’t an appropriate form of compensation, so the deal __37__ with money works well. Someone from a manufacturer’s marketing team hears about a movie project, and approaches the set dresser with a(n) __38__ attractive proposal. They come to an agreement, and the product makes a number of __39__ casual appearances. Both teams are happy.Before product placement really saw a rapid growth in the mid-1980s, it was pretty much a do-it-yourself __40__. Now there are entire agencies that can handle the job. Some larger corporations will dedicate personnel to seek out opportunities for placement within films, television shows —even games and music.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Traditionally uniforms were manufactured to protect the worker. When they were first designed, it is also likely that all uniforms made symbolic sense —those for the military, for example, were originally __41__ to impress and even terrify the enemy; other uniforms indicated a distinction in __42__ —chefs wore white because they worked with flour, but the main chef wore a black hat to show he inspected and supervised.The last 30 years, however, have seen an increasing __43__ on their role in mirroring the image of an organization and in uniting the workforce, particularly in “customer facing”industries. From uniforms and workwear has emerged “__44__ clothing”. “The people you employ are your ambassadors (大使),”says Peter Griffin, managing director of a major retailer in the UK. “What they say, how they look, and how they behave is of vital importance.”From being a simple means of __45__ who is a member of staff, the uniform is emerging as a new channel of marketing communication.Truly effective marketing through __46__ images such as uniforms is a subtle art, however. How we look sends all sorts of powerful messages to other people. Dark colours give a sense of __47__ while lighter colour shades suggest approachability. Certain dress style creates a sense of conservatism (守旧), while others a sense of __48__ to new ideas. If the company is selling quality, then it must have quality uniforms. If it is selling style, its uniforms must be stylish. If it wants to appear __49__, everybody can’t look exactly the same.But turning corporate philosophies into the right combination of colour, style, degree of branding and uniformity is not always __50__. According to Company Clothing magazine, there are 1000 companies supplying the workwear and corporate clothing market. Of these, 22 __51__ for 85% of total sales —£380 million in 1994.A successful uniform needs to __52__ two key sets of needs. On the one hand, no uniform will work if staff feel uncomfortable or ugly. On the other hand, it is __53__ if the look doesn’t express the business’s marketing strategy. The greatest challenge in this respect is time. When it comes to human awareness, first impressions count. Customers will assess the way staff look in just a few seconds, and that few seconds will __54__ their attitudes from then on. Those few seconds can be so important that big companies are prepared to __55__ years, and millions of pounds, getting them right.41. A. intended B. tended C. extended D. attended42. A. statue B. stability C. status D. statistics43. A. preference B. argument C. compliment D. emphasis44. A. cooperate B. political C. corporate D. academic45. A. exposing B. identifying C. qualifying D. requesting46. A. studio B. audio C. visual D. casual47. A. clarity B. authority C. availability D. accessibility48. A. exposure B. rejection C. reluctance D. openness49. A. stable B. uniform C. innovative D. similar50. A. smooth B. disagreeable C. objective D. complex51. A. exchange B. call C. stand D. account52. A. establish B. balance C. neglect D. desert53. A. pointless B. significant C. useful D. careless54. A. maintain B. shape C. draw D. value55. A. commit B. command C. dedicate D. investSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)St Kilda is a tiny archipelago (群岛) of the North Atlantic Ocean. The islands are among the most spectacular, but the greatest fascination is that, for over a thousand years, people lived there and possessed a sense of community. Cut off from the mainland, the islanders had a distinct way of living their lives, mainly eating the seabirds that returned to breed on the rocks.Isolation also had a big effect upon St Kildas’attitudes and ideas. The people sacrificed themselves year in and year out, in a constant battle to secure a livelihood. In such harsh conditions, life was only possible because the whole community worked together.In the 19th century St Kilda was subject to pressures from the outside world. Education, religion and tourism all attempted to throw the St Kildans’way of life into doubt. In the early 20th century, the strength of the community became weakened as contact with the rest of Britain increased. When disease cut their numbers, and wind and sea made it difficult to get adequate food, the St Kildans were forced to turn to the mainland for assistance.In 1930, the St Kildans finally agreed to abandon their homes. They settled on the Scottish mainland, not realizing it meant throwing themselves into the 20th century. As adults, they had to accept those values most Scots believe in. For instance, the islanders found it difficult to base their existence upon money. They had never lived in a world where they bought goods and services from each other.The islanders showed themselves indifferent to the jobs they were given on the mainland. The labours asked of them were unskilled compared with the spectacular skills they had once performed in order to kill seabirds. Moreover, killing birds had once provided the community with food to survive. On the mainland, however, the tasks they were asked to perform did not provide them immediately with what was needed to keep them fed and warm.The history of the St Kildans after the evacuation (撤离), of their inability and lack of resolution to fit into urban society, makes sad reading. When they were resettled on the mainland, the St Kildans were forced to live in a society whose values were unacceptable and incomprehensible to the majority of them. For many, the move was a tragedy.56. According to Paragraph 3, the following factors lead to St kildas seeking help from outside EXCEPT ______.A. unbearable windB. insufficient food supplyC. contact with BritainD. worsening health57. After the St Kildans inhabited Scotland, they ________.A. soon learned how to buy goods and services from othersB. had troubles adapting to the value of dominant society.C. exhibited willingness to carry out their given jobs.D. had the opportunity to show their skills of killing seabirds.58. Which of the following is NOT about how people used to live on St Kilda?A. The chief source of food was found locally.B. It was essential for people to help each other.C. Very few people had visited mainland Scotland.D. Money played an insignificant role in life.59. What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. The role of money in modern communities.B. How a community adapted to a different form of life.C. The destruction of an old-fashioned community.D. How a small community resisted opposite conditions.(B)The following safety risks may result in serious injury or death to the user of the MINI Cooper S:●This product contains small parts that are for adult assembly (组装) only. Keep small children away when assembling. Remove allprotective materials before assembly. Be sure to remove allpackaging materials and parts from underneath the car body.●Battery posts contain lead known to the state of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Never open the battery.●Body parts such as hands, legs, hair and clothing can get caught in moving parts. Never place a body part near a moving part or wear loose clothing while using the vehicle. Always wear shoes when using the vehicle.●Using the vehicle near streets, motor vehicles, drop-offs such as steps, water (swimming pools) or other bodies of water, hills, wet areas, in small lanes, at night or in the dark could result in an unexpected accident. Instead, use the vehicle on the highway. Always use the vehicle in a safe, secure environment.●Using the vehicle in unsafe conditions such as snow, rain, loose dirt, mud, or sand may result in unexpected action, for example tip over.●Using the vehicle in an unsafe manner. Examples include but are not limited to:·Pulling the vehicle with another vehicle or similar device·Allowing more than two riders·Pushing the user from the back·Traveling at an unsafe speed●Always use common sense and safe practices when using the vehicle.●Store the vehicle indoors or cover it to protect it from weather. Water will damage the motor, electric system, and battery.60. When assembling, you should ______.A. open the battery on the spotB. ignore the packaging materialsC. keep small children off the spotD. take away all protective materials61. According to the text, it is safer to ______.A. use batteries containing leadB. drive in small lanes at midnightC. drive on the highway instead of on hillsD. use the vehicle in loose clothes62. Where can you probably find the text?A. An official report.B. A popular magazine.C. A physics textbook.D. A product handbook.(C)In a land swept by typhoons and shaken by earthquakes, how haveJapan’s tallest and seemingly most breakable old buildings —500 or so wooden pagodas, tower-shaped buildings —remained standing for centuries? Japanese scholars have been confused for ages about their stability.For centuries, many attributed the resilience (抗震性) of pagodas to the massive trunk-like central columns known as shinbashira, which bends and swings during a typhoon or earthquake, just like a tall tree. But the amazing thing is that the shinbashira actually does not carry any load at all but is suspended from the top of the pagoda —hanging loosely down through the middle of the building. The weight of the building is supported entirely by twelve outer and four inner columns.And what is the role of the shinbashira, the central column? The best way to understand the shinbashira’s role is to watch a video made by Shuzo Ishida, a structural engineer at Kyoto Institute of Technology. Mr. Ishida, known to his students as “Professor Pagoda”has built a series of models and tested them on a “shake-table”in his laboratory. In short, the shinbashira was acting like an enormous pendulum (钟摆). Under pressure, a pagoda’s loose floors could be made to slide back and forth independently. Viewed from the side, the pagoda seemed to be doing a snake dance —with each floor moving in the opposite direction to its neighbours above and below. The shinbashira, running up through a hole in the centre of the building, made it unlikely that individual storeys moved too far because, after moving a certain distance,they banged into it, passing on energy away along the column.Another strange feature of the Japanese pagoda is that, because of the building tapers (锥形), with each floor plan being smaller than the one below, none of the vertical (垂直的) columns that carry the weight of the building is connected to its corresponding column above. In other words, a five-storey pagoda contains not even one column that travels right up through the building. More surprising is the fact that the individual storeys of a Japanese pagoda are not actually connected to each other. They are simply stacked one on top of another like a pile of hats.The extra-wide eaves (屋檐) also play a part. Think of them as a balancing pole of tightrope-walkers. The bigger the mass at each end of the pole, the easier it is for the tightrope walker to maintain his balance. The same holds true for a pagoda. With the eaves extending out on all sides like balancing poles, the building responds to even the most powerful earthquake with a graceful swinging, never an abrupt shaking.63. In a Japanese pagoda, the shinbashira is designed to ________.A. bears certain amount of weight of the pagodaB. bends under pressure the way a tall tree doesC. connects the floors with pagoda’s baseD. stops the floors from moving too far64. Shuzo Ishida performs experiments in order to ________.A. apply the pendulum into practiceB. gain insight into the “shake-table”modelC. learn about the mechanisms of pagodasD. confirm shinbashira’s exact position in a pagoda65. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the article?A. Some columns may extend from the bottom to the top of a pagoda.B. The functions of extra eaves and balancing poles are similar.C. The storeys of a Japanese pagoda are fitted loosely.D. Pagodas’amazing capacity to resist impact has long puzzled scholars.66. The best title for the passage is ________.A. How Shinbashira Plays Its RoleB. Why Pagodas Do Not Fall DownC. Distinct Features of Japanese ArchitectureD. Shuzo Ishida, a Distinguished EngineerSection CDirections:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Why should mankind explore space? Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup as human beings. What prompted our distant ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? _____67_____. The wider the distribution of a species, the better its chance of survival.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential resources to be located. Additional resources are always beneficial when used wisely, and can increase our chances of survival. Knowledge or techniques acquired through exploration, or preparing to explore, filter from the developers into society at large. _____68_____. Also, we have already benefited from other by-products, including improvements in earthquake prediction —which has saved many lives —in satellites used for weather forecasting and in communications systems. Even non-stick saucepans and mirrored sunglasses are by-products of technological developments in the space industry!_____69_____. The chances of a large comet (彗星) hitting the Earth are small, but it could happen in time. Such strikes in the past may account for the extinction ofdinosaurs and other species. Human technology is reaching the point where it might be able to detect the possibility of this happening, and enable us to minimize the damage, or prevent it completely, allowing us as a species to avoid extinction.In certain circumstances, life on Earth may become impossible: over-population or wide spread diseases, for instance, might eventually force us to find other places to live. While the earth is the only planet known to sustain life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to inhabit other planets and moons. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future. _____70_____.A. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives.B. Space allows us to expand and succeed: for the sake of everyone on the earth, now and in the future, space exploration is essential.C. The mysterious space objects varying in size have been fascinated scientists and scholars for years.D. It appears that we are driven to ensure the success and continuation of not just our own genes, but of the species as a whole.E. Therefore it still poses a problem for us human beings whether to explore the spaceat the cost of our own homelandsF. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers.IV. Summary WritingDirections: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Last year my company was bought by a large corporation and most of the managers lost their jobs. That was when I decided to do something I’d always wanted to do —become a freelance writer (自由作家). Changing professions has meant that my lifestyle has changed in a number of ways.I work about as much as I did before —between 45 and 50 hours a week —but my schedule is much less fixed than it used to be. Before, I worked from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. every day, with a few extra hours on weekends. Now, however, I work when I feel like it. For instance, sometimes I work until midnight or 2 a.m., then sleep until noon. I really prefer this kind of schedule.While I was working as a manager, I never exercised. I already felt tired after work, so I just came home in the evening and watched TV. However, last year I joined a healthclub and began to do regular exercise. As a result I have lost over 10 pounds and I feel much better. I’ve also started to eat more healthfully. I used to eat a lot of fast food, but now I do my own shopping. I buy lots of fruits and vegetables and cook them at home.Of course, not all the changes have been that easy. For example, I don’t feel as safe financially as I used to. When I was working as a manager, I never worried much about money. I could always count on getting my paycheck every two weeks. Working freelance, I don’t have a regular paycheck. So now I have to make sure that there’s enough money until the next check arrives.All in all, I really like my current lifestyle. Of course, that doesn’t mean I’ll never want to have a “regular”job. But for me, at least, it suits me.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72．中午的新生欢迎会推迟到下周三。
10. 2017青浦初三英语一模卷
2017.1 青浦区初三英语第一学期期末质量抽查试卷（满分150分，完卷时间100分钟）考生注意：本卷有7大题，共94小题。
试题均采用连续编号，所有答案务必按照规定在答题卡上完成，做在试卷上不给分。
Part 1 Listening （第一部分听力）I. Listening comprehension (听力理解) (共30 分)A. Listen and choose the right picture (根据你听到的内容，选出相应的图片) (6 分)1. ______2. ______3. ______4. ______5. ______6. ______B. Listen to the dialogue and choose the best answer to the question you hear(根据你听到的对话和问题，选出最恰当的答案)：(8分)7. A) Rainy. B) Cloudy. C) Sunny. D) Stormy.8. A) Chemistry. B) Geography. C) Maths. D) Physics.9. A) Half an hour. B) One hour. C) Two hours. D) one and a half hour.10. A) Stay at home. B) Take a lesson.C) See a movie.D) Learn Chinese.11. A) Because her grandpa hurt his leg.B) Because she needs to see a doctor.C) Because her grandpa talks with the boss.D) Because she has found the task.12. A) In a hospital.B) In a library. C) In a supermarket. D) In a restaurant.13. A) He will work for another three hours.B) He is too tired and he will stop working.C) He’s glad to have a cup of coffee when he finishes his report.D) He will have a cup of coffee before going on working.14. A) The sports team. B) The plan for the new year.C) The school newspaper. D) The new tennis club.C. Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are true or false (判断下列句子是否符合你听到的短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示）（6分）15. The speech is about the agreements for the Swimming Competition next Saturday.16. The students will meet at the school library before going to the city Swimming Pool.17. The school will prepare the sports uniforms and sports shoes for the students that day.18. The students need to bring their own food and drinks because the shop nearby is too small.19. When the students get there, they should remember to run around the pool first.20. From the speech we can know that the speaker is responsible for the swimmers.D. Listen to the passage and complete the following sentences (听短文，完成下列句子。