最新和房屋各个结构有关的英语单词
建筑结构英语常用词汇
- --. 优质专业.总体设计General design 设计依据 Design basis 建筑红线 Building line 建筑系数Coefficient of building occupation 界区Battery limited 有效面积 Effective area 使用面积 Usable area 结构面积 Structural area 建筑面积 Building area 建筑面积密度Density of building area 竖向布置 Vertical planning 高程 Altitude 等高线 Contour line 相对标高Relative elevation 绝对标高 Absolute altitude 地震基本烈度Basic earthquake intensity 抗震设防烈度 Fortification intensity 风玫瑰Wind rose 建筑朝向Building orientation 建筑间距 Building distance 公顷 Hectare 指北针 North arrow 测北Geophical north 建北 Plant north 气象 Meteorology 日照 Sunshine 天然采光 Natural lighting 人工照明Artificant light; artificial illumination 照度Degree of illumination 通风 Ventilation 正压通风Positive ventilating 噪声 Noise 隔声Sound insulation 吸声Sound absorption 保温隔热 Heat insulation露点Dewpoint冷桥Cold-bridge遮阳Sunshade恒温恒湿Constant temperature & constant humidity消声Noise elimination; noise reduction防振antivibration4.2 建筑一般词汇Conventional terms of architecture案Scheme; draft草图Sketch透视图Perspective drawing建筑构图Architectural composition坐标Coordinate纵坐标Ordinate横坐标Abscissa跨度Span开关Bay进深Depth 层高Floor height净高Clear height; headroom横数Module; modulus裙房Skirt building楼梯Stair梯段Stair slab楼梯平台Stair landing安全出口Safety exit疏散楼梯Escape staircase楼梯间Stair well封闭楼梯间Enclosure staircase防烟楼梯间Smoke prevention stair well 消防电梯间Emergency elevators well 自动扶梯Escalator中庭Atrium疏散走道Escape corridor; escape way 耐火等级Fire-resistive grade生产类别Classification of production耐火极限Duration of fire-resistance防火间距File-break distance泄压面积Area of pressure release闷顶Mezanine; mezzanine砖标号Grade of brick; strength of brick承重墙Bearing wall非承重墙Non-bearing wall挡土墙Retaining wall填充墙Filler wall围护墙Curtain wall; cladding wall; enclosure wall女儿墙Parapet wall隔墙Partition（浴室、厕所）隔断Stall窗间墙Pier墙垛Pillar过梁Lintel圈梁Gird; girt; girth防潮层Damp-proof course勒脚Plinth横梁Transverse beam纵横Longitudinal wall山墙Gable; gable wall防火墙Fire wall压顶Coping勾缝Pointing砖砌平拱Brick flat arch预埋件Embedded inserts直抓梯Ladder栏杆Railing防腐蚀Corrosion resistant; Anticorrosion 化学溶蚀Chemical erosion膨胀腐蚀Expansion corrosion化学腐蚀Chemical corrosion电化学腐蚀Electro-chemical corrosion晶间腐蚀Intergranular corrosion气相腐蚀Gaseous corrosion液相腐蚀Liquidoid corrosion固相腐蚀Solid corrosion腐蚀裕度Allowance for corrosion锈蚀rusting4.3 建筑材料Building materials级配砂Graded sand & gravel素土夯实Rammed earth灰土Lime-soil素混凝土Plain concrete钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete(R.C)细混凝土Fine aggregate concrete轻质混凝土Lightweight concrete加气混凝土Aerocrete; Aerocrete concrete 粒混凝土Ceramsite concrete水泥膨胀珍珠岩Cement & expended pearlite 岩棉Mineral wool; mine wool沥青asphalt卷材Felt玛蹄脂Asphalt mastic粘土砖Clay brick釉面砖Porcelain enamel brick空心砖Hollow brick砌块Block缸砖guarry brick锦砖mosac地面砖paving brick防滑地砖non-slip brick耐酸砖（板）acidbrick (acidtile)胶泥mastic粘土瓦Cloy tile玻璃瓦enamelled tile波形镀锌钢板galvanized corrugate steel sheet玻璃钢瓦glass-fiber reinforced plastic tile彩色压型钢（铅）板coloured corrugate steel (aluminium) plat;profiuing coloured stccl (aluminium) plat棉水泥瓦ashestos-cement sheet水磨terrajjo水刷granite plaster花岗granite磨光花岗polished granite剁斧artificial stonemarble水泥砂浆抹面cement plaster灰砂浆抹面lime plaster水泥灰砂浆抹面cement-lime plaster刀灰打底hemp-cut and lime as base 原木Log木square timber板材plank胶合板plywood三夹板3plywood五夹板5plywood平板玻璃flat glass浮法玻璃float-process glass磨砂玻璃ground glass; frosted glass起玻璃prism glass夹丝玻璃Wire glass夹层玻璃sandwich glass中空玻璃hollow glass钢化玻璃reinforced glass镀膜玻璃coating glass有机玻璃organic glass4.4 建筑构造及配件Building construction & component 铺砌paving地坪grade基层bedding素土夯实rammed earth垫层base结合层bonding course面层Covering隔离层insulation course活动地板raising floor; movable floor; access floor篦子板grating地面提示块ground prompt遮阳板sunshade窗套Window moulding护角curb guard防水层water-proof course找平层Leveling course隔热层heat insulation course保温层thermal insulation course檩条purlin天窗skylight天棚ceiling吊顶suspending ceiling吊顶龙骨ceiling joist雨水口drain gulley水斗Lead head雨水管Leader; downspout天沟Valley挑檐overhanging eave檐口eave泛水flashing分水线watershed檐沟eave gutter汇水面积catchment area雨罩canopy散水apron坡道ramp台阶entrance steps保温门thermal insulation door隔声门（窗）sound insulation door (window); acoustical door (window)防火门（窗）fire door (window)冷藏门freezer door安全门exit door防护门（窗）protection door (window)屏蔽门（窗）Shield door (window)防风砂门radiation resisting door (window) 密闭门（窗）weather tight door泄压门（窗）pressure release door (window) 壁柜门closet door变压器间门transformer room door围墙门gate车库门garage door保险门safe door引风门ventilation door检修门access door平开门（窗）side-hung door推拉门（窗）sliding door弹簧门swing door折迭门folding door卷帘门rolling door转门revolving door夹板门plywood door拼板门FLB door (framed, Ledged and battened door);matchboard door实拼门solid door镶板门panel door镶玻璃门glazed door玻璃门glass door钢木门steel & wooden door百页门shutter door连窗门door with side window传递窗delivery window观察窗observation window换气窗vent sast上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window下悬窗bottom-hung window立转窗vertically pivoted window固定窗fixed window单层窗single window双层窗double window百页窗shutter带形窗continuous window子母扇窗attached sash window组合窗composite window落地窗French window玻璃幕墙glazed curtain wall门（窗）框door (window) frame拼樘料transom （横），mullion （竖）门（窗）扇door (window) leaf(平开窗扇casement sash)纱扇screen sash亮子transom, fanlight门心板pancl披水板weather board贴脸板trim筒子板Lining窗台板sill plate防护铁栅barricade; iron grille; grating 合页butts; hinges; butt hinges执手knob撑档catch滑道sliding track插销bolt拉手pull推板push plate门锁mortice lock; door lock执手锁mortice lock with knob4.5 建筑结构Building structure4.5.1 荷载Load活荷载Live load静荷载，恒载Dead load静力荷载Static load移动荷载Moving load动力荷载Dynamic load冲击荷载impact load附加荷载Superimposed load规定荷载（又称标准荷载）Specified Load集中荷载Concentrated Load分布荷载Distributed Load设计荷载Design Load轴向荷载Axial Load偏心荷载Eccentric Load风荷载Wind Load风力、风压Wind force、Wind Pressure 雪荷载Snow Load屋面积灰荷载Roof ash Load（吊车）最大轮压Maximum Wheel Load吊车荷载Crane Load安装荷载Erection Load施工荷载Construction Load不对称荷载Unsymmetrical Loading重复荷载Repeated Load刚性荷载Rigid Load柔性荷载Flexible Load临界荷载Critical Load容荷载Admissible Load, Allowable Load safe Load极限荷载Ultimate Load条形荷载Strip Load破坏荷载Failure Load, Load at failure地震荷载Seismic Load; Earthquake load荷载组合Combination of load4.5.2 地基和基础Soil and foundation地基(Bed)soil天然地基Natural ground人工地基Artificial ground混凝土基础Concrete foundation; Concrete footing毛基础Rubble masonry footing;(Rubble) stone footing砖基础Brickwork footing桩基础Pile foundation设备基础Equipment foundation机器基础Machine foundation独立基础Individual footing, Isolated foundation Pad foundation联合基础Combined footing大块式基础Massive foundation条形基础Strip foundation; Strip footingStrap footing; Continuous footing形基础Square footing杯形基础Footing socket板式基础Slab-foundation; Mat footing阶梯形基础Stepped foundation; Benched foundation (Stepped footing)扩展基础spread footing扩底基础Under-reamed foundation浮伐基地Raft foundation; Buoyant foundation Floating foundation沉箱（井）基础Caisson foundation构架式基础Frame foundation深基础Deep foundation基础Footing Foundation基槽Foundation ditch; Foundation trench 基坑Foundation pit基础板Foundation slab基础梁Foundation beam Footing beam基础底面Foundation base基础底板Foundation mat基础垫层Foundation-bed基础埋置深度Depth of embedment foundation地下连续墙Undelground continuous wall打桩Pile driving打桩机Pile engine; Pile driver; Ram mactuine 钢桩Steel pile水桩Wood pile; Timber pile钢筋混凝土桩Reinforced concrete pile砂桩Sand pile灰桩Lime pile; Lime column; Quicklime pile 单桩Single pile群桩Pile group; Pile cluster斜桩Batter pile预制桩precast pile灌注桩In-situ pile; Cast-in-place pileCast-in-situ pile; Filling pile板桩sheet pile拆密桩Compaction pile挤密砂桩Sand compaction pile灰土挤密桩Line-soil compaction pile钻桩Bored pile打入桩Driuen pile摩擦桩Friction pile; Buoyant pile端承桩End bearing pile; Point bearing pile; Column pile (柱桩）支承桩Bearing pile抗拔桩Tension pile; Uplift pile;抗滑桩Anti-slicle pile桩承台Pile cap桩帽Pile cap; pile couel桩头Pile crown; pile head桩端Pile tip桩身Pile shaft桩距Pile spacing桩钢筋笼Pile cage试桩Test pile桩荷载试验Pile load test桩的动荷载试验Dynamic load test of pile桩的侧向荷载试验Lateral pile load test桩的极限荷载Ultimate pile load桩承载能力Pile capacity; Bearing capacity of a pileCarrying capacity of a pile土压力Earth pressure主动土压力Active earth pressure被动土压力Passive earth pressure静止土压力Earth pressure at rest容地耐力Allowable bearing strength冰冻深度Frozen depth; Frost depth;Frost penetration depth of frost penetration防冻深度Frost-proof depth粘土类土Clayey soil轻亚粘土Sandy loam亚粘土Sandy clay; Loam砂质土Sandy soil砂砾Sandy gravel stratum膨胀土Expansive soil硬质土，硬盘岩，硬土层Hard pan液限Liquid limit塑限Plastic limit塑料指数Index of plasticity松软土Mellow soil; spongy soil回填土Backfill Refilling杂填土Miscellaneous fill地表水Surface water;地下水Groundwater地下水位Groundwater eltualion; Groundwater level; Groundwater table 容重Unit weight干容重Dry unit weight湿容重Wet unit weight饱和容重Saturated unit weight不均匀沉降Unequal settlement;Differential settlement地基处理Ground treatment地基加固Ground stabilization; soil improvement 土质查勘Soil exploration地质勘察Geological exploration沉陷Settlement倾斜obliquity; Inclination滑移Sliding夯实土Compacted soil夯实填土Compacted fill夯实回填土Tamped backfill夯实分层厚度Compacted lift持力层Bearing stratum; Supporting; Course 管道与基础相碰Pipeline interferes with foundation 4.5.3 一般结构用语Terms for general structures建筑结构Building structure建筑物Building结构形式Structural type混凝土（砼）结构Concrete structure砌体结构Masonry structure砖砌结构Brick structure砌结构Stone structure砖砼结构Brick and concrete structure 钢结构Steel structure结构型钢Shape steel木结构Timber structure组合结构Composite structure框架结构Frame structure梁板结构Beam and slab structure构件Member承重构件Load-bearing member结构构件Structure member肋形屋盖Ribbed roof 肋形楼板Ribbed floor slab无梁楼板Flat plate; Flat slab桁架；屋架Truss; Roof truss三角形屋（桁）架Triangular truss梯形屋（桁）架Trapezoidal truss拱形屋架Arch roof truss折线形屋架Segmental roof truss弓形桁架Bowstring truss框架Frame排架Bent frame刚架Rigid frame门架Portal frame抗风构架Wind frame抗震构架Aseismic frame梁Beam; Girder大梁Girder主梁Principal beam; Primary beam 次梁Secondary beam加腋梁Haunched beam筒支梁Simply beam固端梁Fixed beam悬臂梁Cantilever beam连续梁Continuous beam托梁Spandrel圈梁girth过梁Lintel曲梁Curved beam bow beam 基础梁Foundation beam吊车梁Crane girderT形梁T-beam柱Column组合柱Combination column立柱Post吊车柱Crane column抗风柱End panel column墙wall 板slab plate承重墙Bearing walls柱网Column grid支撑系统Brace system柱间支撑Portal bracing between columns 屋支撑Roof bracing垂直支撑Vertical bracing水平支撑Horizontal bracing剪刀撑Cross bracing临时顶撑,支撑Shoring桁架式支撑Trussed bracing斜撑Kneel-brace上弦Top chord下弦Bottom chord节间Panel节点Panel point压杆Compression member; strut拉杆Tension member; Tie-beam 腹杆Web member斜杆Diagonal member斜腹杆Diagonal web member吊杆Hanged rod; sag rod系杆，拉杆Tie bar; sag rod天窗架Skylight frame天窗Monitor; Skylight托座、牛腿Bracket檀条Purlin连接Connection接点Joint铰接点Hinged point固接点Fixed Joint安装接点Erection joint拼接接点Splice joint节点板、连接板Gusset plate; connecting plate 加劲板Stiffener plate支撑板Bearing plate填隙板Filler plate梁柱接头Beam-column connections截面Cross section拱Arch壳Shell伸缩缝Expansion joint沉降缝Settlement joint施工缝Construction joint防震缝Aseismic joint4.5.4 结构理论用语Terms for theory of slructures a) 设计法术语Terms for design method结构设计Structure design按极限强度设计Ultimate strength design按可应力设计Working stress design按承载能力设计Loading capacity design按稳定性设计Design according to stability按变形设计Design according to deformation 结构分析Structural analysis结构计算Structural calculation静定结构Statically determinate structures 超静定结构Statically indeterminste structures 精确计算Rigorous calculation近似计算Approximate calculation安全等级Safety classes极限状态Limit states摩擦系数Coefficient of friction质量密度Mass density重力密度Weight (Force) densityb) 结构的作用效应术语轴向力Normal force剪力Shear force弯矩Bending moment扭矩Torque水平推力Horizontal thrust水平拉力Horizontal pull水平（垂直）分力Horizontal (vertical) component合力Resultant正应力Normal stress剪应力Shear stress主应力Principal stress次应力Secondary stress预应力Prestress位移Displacement挠度Deflection变形Deformation弯曲Bending; Flexure扭转Torsionc) 材料性能、结构抗力术语Terms of property of material and resistamle of structure抗力Resistancc抵抗力矩Resistante moment强度Strength刚度Stiffness; Rigidity抗裂度Crack resistance抗压强度Compressiue strength抗拉强度Tensile strength抗剪强度Shear strength抗变强度Flcxural strength抗扭强度Torsional strength抗裂强度Cracking strength屈服强度Yield strength疲劳强度Fatigue strength弹性模量Modulus of elasticity剪切模量Shear modulus变形模量Modulus of deformation稳定性Stabilith泊松比Poisson ratiod) 几参数术语Terma of geometry parameter 截面高度Height of section截面有效高度Effective depth of section载面宽度Breadth of section 截面厚度Thickness of section截面面积Area of section截面面积矩First moment of area截面惯性矩Second moment of area截面抵抗矩模量规中用词Section modulus回转半径Radius of gyration偏心距eccentricity长度Length跨度Span矢高Rvse长细比Slenderness ratio4.5.5 砖结构Masonry construction砖砌体Brickwork砌筑Laying砖标号Grade of brick; Strength of brick 毛砌体Rubble masonry毛砼砌体Grouted rubble masonry水泥砂浆Cement mortar灰砂浆Lime mortar水泥灰砂浆cement-lime mortar砂浆找平Mortar leveling4.5.6 钢筋砼结构Reinforced concrete structure素混凝土Plain concrete钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete预应力砼Prestressed concrete砼标号Grade of concrete钢号Grade of steel整体式结构Monolithic structure装配式结构Assembled structure预制构件Precast element; Fabricated element 现浇Cast-in-site; Placed-in-site浇灌砼Concreting; Costion; Pouring; Placing 一次浇灌At one pouring分二次浇灌Pours in two operations二次灌浆Final grouting钢筋保护层Reinforcement protective course 模板Formwork; shuttering拆模Form stripping预埋件Embedded inserts预留槽（洞）Groove (Hole) to be provided垫层Bedding course找平层Leveling course; Trowelling course 4.5.7 配筋Reinforcement配筋率Percentage of reinforcement主筋Main reinforlement分布筋Distributing reinforcement腹筋Web reinforcement开口箍筋U-stirrups闭口箍筋Closed stirrups环筋Hoops弯起钢筋Bent-up bar附加钢筋Additional reinforcement搭接接头Lapped splice焊接接头Welded splice钢筋间距Spacing of reinforcement吊筋Suspender双向配筋Two-way reinforced螺旋筋Spiral bar温度筋Temperature reinforcement锚固长度Anchor length埋入长度Built-in length螺直径Diameter of bolt hole螺中心线Center line of bolt hole锚栓、地脚螺栓Anchor bolt基础螺栓Foundation bolt安装螺栓Erection bolt普通螺栓Common bolt高强螺栓High strength bolt4.5.8 焊接Welding电弧焊Electric arc welding气焊，氧—乙炔焊Gas welding; oxy-acetylene welding 焊条Welding electrode; Welding-rod 手工焊Manual welding自动焊Automatic welding车间焊接Shop-welding现场焊接（工地焊接）Field-welded满焊Full weld搭接焊Lap weld贴角焊Fillet weld点焊Spot weld对接焊Butt weld仰焊Overhead weld双面贴角焊Flat fillet weld in front and back 连续贴角焊Continuous fillet weld间断贴角焊Intermittent fillet weld安装焊缝Erection weld单V形对接焊Single V butt weld双V形对接焊Double V butt weld4.5.9 特种结构Special structures水塔Water tower高烟筒Tall chimney冷却水塔Cooling tower 油罐Oil tank蓄水池Water reservoir 管廊Pipe rack管架Pipe support球罐Spherical tank 裂解炉cracking furnace 起重机、吊车Crane; Hoist。
建筑专业英语词汇
●房屋各部分Parts of house 墙壁wall 花岗岩granite屋面roof 承重墙bearing wall 水磨石terrazzo 屋脊ridge 隔间partition 砌块masonry坡屋顶pitched roof 空心墙cavity wall 混凝土concrete单坡屋顶pent roof, lean-to roof 防火隔断(分区) compartmentation 预制混凝土pre-cast concrete 人字屋顶gable roof 剪力墙shear panel 钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete 四坡顶hipped roof 墙裙wainscot 钢筋steel reinforcement 屋面排水沟valley 窗间墙pier 水泥cement卷材防水屋面membrane roof 幕墙curtain wall 抹灰，灰泥plaster, stucco 找平层screed-coat 电梯elevator, lift 熟石灰hydrate of lime, slaked-lime 防水层damp-proof course 自动扶梯escalator 砂浆mortar泛水flashing 地板，楼面floor 抹灰层floated coat屋顶层garret 夹层楼面entresol，mezzanine 饰面finish阁楼penthouse, loft, attic 楼座balcony 木砖grounds, timber brick 天台roof-deck 楼板slab 石膏gypsum晒台drying stage 天花板ceiling 石膏板plaster slab组合烟囱chimney stack 壁炉andiron，fireplace，grate 夹胶玻璃plyglass屋檐eave 地下室basement 胶合板plywood, clip-board 屋面排水roofing drainage 防火fire-cut 脚手架scaffolding 檐沟，明沟gutter 防火门fire door 悬臂cantilever水落管down-pipe, downspout 耐热涂料heat-resisting paints 叠涩，牛腿corbel雨棚canopy, awning 绝热heat insulation 遮阳sun shading柱廊colonnade 门槛head-rail, sill●制图与构图用语走廊corridor 柱子column，post，pillar 草图sketch, draft中庭atrium 柱头column cap, head 图纸drawing山墙gable 斜撑knee brace 施工图working drawings女儿墙parapet 悬索catenary 工程project山花pediment 梁beam 方案plan隅石砌quoins 基础梁grade beam 总图grid阳台balcony, veranda 钢板梁plate girder 总平面site 阳台栏杆balustrade 工字梁I-beam 平面floor阳台栏杆柱baluster, banister 过梁lintel, lintol, head 立面elevation平台terrace 椽子purlin 正立面facade台阶steps 基础foundation 剖面section梯子ladder 碎石垫层hard core 详图detail 梯级step 混凝土地基concrete foundation 门厅上部upper foyer楼梯staircase(＝step) 基座、柱础pedestal 比例尺scale= 楼梯踏步平板tread 独立基础isolated footing 透视图，表现图rendering 楼梯踏步竖板riser 放大基础spreading footing 透视perspective 楼梯休息平台landing 条形基础strip footing 轴测isometric perspective直角转弯平台quarter-space landing 梯宽run of stair 筏式基础mat foundation浮筏基础floating foundationAxonometric projection轴线axis建筑面积floor area, architecture area 梯高rise of stair 沉箱基础caisson相对标高relative elevation/level 楼梯扶手rail, railing 化粪池cesspool, septic tank 层高，净空headroom, headway 回转梯corkscrew staircase，caracole 伸缩缝expansion joint室内interior 踏步突沿nosing 冷桥thermal bridge室外exterior 窗子window 散水wash, apron 室内装修interior decoration 百叶窗blinds, louvers 披水板weathering-board 装饰ornament 旋转窗balance window 桁架truss广场square, plaza, public square 平开窗，窗叶casement 组合桁架composite truss 流线circulation 窗扇sash 框架framework中旋窗awning window 模板formwork 解构deconstruction 空间space, spatial 上下推拉窗double-hung window 拱券arch比例proportion 屋顶通气窗clerestory 穹顶dome门窗亮子transom窗框window frame 窗台sill，cill采光顶sunroof天窗sunlight老虎窗dormer-window 通风窗ventlight 平拱flat arch筒拱vault, vaulted roof半圆穹顶concha瓦shingle, tile砖brick瓷砖ceramic tile玻璃砖glass blocks统一unity均衡balance协调harmony尺度scale韵律rhythm风格style功能function关系relationship 落地窗French window 大理石marble1●房屋House 服务入口service entry ●冷暖气Cooling and heating高层建筑high-rise building 换鞋处mud room 电风扇electric fan社区housing complex 游艺室games room 煤气暖炉gas heater (stove)家舍house 活动室activities room 石油暖炉kerosene heater(=stove) 茅舍cottage 音乐室music alcove 电暖炉electric heater(=stove) 平房one-story house，bungalow，工人房maid bedroom 暖气片panel heating plain-house 台球室billiards room 散热器radiator二楼two-story house温室greenhouse 冷气机air cooler 公寓(建筑) apartment house●家具Furniture 空调机air-conditioner 公寓(房间) apartment(flat)(英)方桌square table 中央暖气central heating(system) 别墅villa圆桌round table 局部暖气space heating花园洋房garden house长方桌rectangle table●几何名词寄宿舍dormitory( 美)伸缩桌extension table 直线line 供膳出租房间board and lodging小桌side table 曲线curve出租房间room for rent( 美)凳子stool 圆弧arc 乡村旅舍country inn有肘的椅子armchair 圆circle 供膳寄宿舍boardinghouse摇椅，安乐椅rocking chair 椭圆ellipse 大厦mansions, edifice藤椅rattan chair 三角形triangle大楼building塑料椅plastic chair 正方形square 预制装配式房屋pre-fabricate house帆布椅deck chair 矩形rectangle 小木屋shack折椅folding chair 多边形polygon 一个单元one unit沙发sofa 螺旋线spiral 车库garage长椅couch 平行六面体parallelepiped 报告厅auditorium, lecture hall桌子，餐桌table 球体sphere 多功能厅multi-use hall玻璃桌子glass table 半球hemisphere阅览室browsing room, reading room塑料桌子acrylic table●相关专业名称茶室refreshment room木制饭桌wooden-table 结构structure 操作间cab, utility room●庭院Yard 电气electric work ●居住Dwelling家宅院messuage 给排水plumbing 套房suit门廊porch, covered porch 暖通HVAC,主人套房master suit 门厅，前厅lobby 敞廊loggia前院front yard( 美)；forecourtHeating/Ventilation/Air Condition城市规划city planning大厅hall, main hall 中院(英) court yard●其他过厅gallery后院back-yard(美) GRC 玻璃纤维增强复合材料起居间living RM，family RM (Glass-fiber Reinforced Composite)侧院quiet yard聚会厅gathering RM，keeping RM PVC 聚氯乙烯小庭院garth休息厅lounge, sitting RM客厅parlor衣帽间cloakroom更衣、衣橱间walk-in-closet, W.I.C. 厨房kitchen餐厅dinning room早餐厅nook, breakfast room 食品、餐具间pantry, butlery浴室，洗手间bathroom盥洗室toilet room卫生间water closet,W.C.前室，门厅foyer寝室，卧房bedroom主人房master bedroom书斋，书房study, library工作室，画室studio私室，书斋den化妆室boudoir, dressing RM ,powder RM婴儿室nursery客房guestroom壁厨closet, ambry洗衣间laundry room地窖cellar储藏室storage 天井patio, patios, hypaethral花园garden树篱hedge围场enclosure花架arbor bower草坪lawn花坛flowerbed灌木bush, brush撒水器sprinkler假山rockery亭子，阁楼pavillion小径path车道driveway游泳池pool围墙fence●前门Front door会发谐音钟声的门door chime警报器buzzer门铃doorbell门环doorknocker窥孔peephole门把knob门柱doorjamb锁眼keyhole转门swinging door建构tectonic风格style古典主义Classicalism哥特复兴式Gothic Revival巴洛克风格Baroque洛可可Rococo文艺复兴Renaissance帕拉迪奥风格Palladian新艺术运动Art Nouveau理性主义Rationalism折衷主义Eclecticism粗野主义Brutalism风格主义Mannerism构成主义Constructivism国际主义风格International Style功能主义Functionalism表现主义Expressionism现代主义Modernism新古典主义Neo-Classicism可持续建筑Sustainable Architecture健身房exercise RM折门fold-away (accordion) door2。
与房屋有关的英文单词
与房屋有关的英文单词1. house (房屋)2. home (家)3. property (房地产)4. apartment (公寓)5. condominium (公寓大厦)6. villa (别墅)7. cottage (小屋)8. bungalow (平房)9. mansion (公馆)10. duplex (复式住宅)11. townhouse (联排别墅)12. studio (工作室/单间公寓)13. penthouse (顶层公寓)14. loft (阁楼)15. bedroom (卧室)16. living room (客厅)17. kitchen (厨房)18. bathroom (浴室)19. garden (花园)20. balcony (阳台)21. garage (车库)22. basement (地下室)23. attic (阁楼)24. roof (屋顶)25. floor (楼层)26. ceiling (天花板)27. wall (墙壁)28. window (窗户)29. door (门)30. key (钥匙)31. lease (租约)32. rent (房租/租金)33. landlord (房东)34. tenant (房客)35. real estate agent (房地产经纪人)36. mortgage (抵押贷款)37. foreclosure (抵押赎回权)38. deposit (押金)39. inspection (房屋检验)40. renovation (翻新/改造)41. furniture (家具)42. appliances (家电)43. utilities (公用事业)44. neighborhood (社区/附近环境)45. property value (房产价值)46. housing market (房市)47. mortgage rate (贷款利率)48. property tax (房产税)49. insurance (保险)50. real estate development (房地产开发)。
建筑结构英语常用词汇
岩棉
胶泥
Allowance for corrosion
Mineral wool; mine wool
mastic
锈蚀
沥青
粘土瓦
rusting
asphalt
Cloy tile
4.3建筑材料
卷材
玻璃瓦
Building materials
Felt
enamelled tile
级配砂石
玛蹄脂
波形镀锌钢板
Fine aggregate concrete
guarry brick
晶间腐蚀
轻质混凝土
锦砖
Intergranular corrosion
Lightweight concrete
mosac
气相腐蚀
加气混凝土
地面砖
Gaseous corrosion
Aerocrete; Aerocrete concrete
梯段耐火极限
Stair slabDuration of fire-resistance
楼梯平台防火间距
Stair landingFile-break distance
安全出口泄压面积
Safety exitArea of pressure release
疏散楼梯闷顶
Escape staircaseMezanine; mezzanine
连窗门
door with side window
传递窗
delivery window
5
观察窗
observation window
换气窗
vent sast
上悬窗
top-hung window
中悬窗
center-pivoted window
建筑英语词汇大全
建筑英语词汇大全一、建筑基础词汇1.1 建筑类型（Building Types）•Building: 建筑物•House: 房屋•Office Building: 办公楼•Skyscraper: 摩天大楼•Warehouse: 仓库•Hospital: 医院•School: 学校•Hotel: 酒店•Shopping Mall: 购物中心•Museum: 博物馆1.2 建筑组成（Building Components）•Foundation: 基础•Wall: 墙体•Roof: 屋顶•Floor: 地板•Staircase: 楼梯•Ceiling: 天花板•Window: 窗户•Door: 门•Column: 柱子•Beam: 横梁1.3 建筑结构（Building Structures）•Structure: 结构•Frame: 框架•Wall Structure: 墙体结构•Roof Structure: 屋顶结构•Reinforced Concrete: 钢筋混凝土•Steel Frame: 钢结构•Timber Frame: 木结构•Masonry: 砌体结构二、建筑施工词汇2.1 建筑施工工艺（Construction Techniques）•Excavation: 挖掘•Concrete Pouring: 浇筑混凝土•Formwork: 模板•Reinforcement: 钢筋•Masonry Work: 砌筑工作•Roofing: 屋面施工•Plumbing: 水暖工程•Electrical Wiring: 电气布线•Finishing Work: 室内装饰2.2 施工机械设备（Construction Machinery）•Excavator: 挖掘机•Bulldozer: 推土机•Crane: 起重机•Concrete Mixer: 混凝土搅拌机•Scaffolding: 脚手架•Jackhammer: 打桩机•Generator: 发电机•Welding Machine: 焊接机2.3 施工人员（Construction Personnel）•Engineer: 工程师•Architect: 建筑师•Foreman: 领班•Construction Worker: 建筑工人•Electrician: 电工•Plumber: 水电工•Carpenter: 木工•Painter: 油漆工三、建筑材料词汇3.1 建筑常用材料（Common Building Materials）•Concrete: 混凝土•Brick: 砖块•Steel: 钢材•Wood: 木材•Glass: 玻璃•Tiles: 瓷砖•Cement: 水泥•Asphalt: 沥青•Insulation: 绝缘材料3.2 建筑涂料材料（Building Coating Materials）•Paint: 油漆•Varnish: 清漆•Primer: 底漆•Solvent: 溶剂•Pigment: 颜料•Resin: 树脂•Sealer: 封孔剂•Epoxy: 环氧树脂3.3 建筑装饰材料（Building Decorative Materials）•Wallpaper: 壁纸•Tile: 瓷砖•Laminate: 层压板•Carpet: 地毯•Curtain: 窗帘•Ceiling Tile: 吊顶板•Molding: 装饰线条•Chandelier: 吊灯•Decoration: 装饰品四、建筑项目管理词汇4.1 建筑项目管理流程（Construction Project Management Process）•Planning: 规划•Design: 设计•Budgeting: 预算•Procurement: 采购•Construction: 施工•Quality Control: 质量控制•Project Schedule: 项目进度•Risk Management: 风险管理•Project Closeout: 项目收尾4.2 建筑项目管理人员（Construction Project Management Personnel）•Project Manager: 项目经理•Project Coordinator: 项目协调员•Quantity Surveyor: 工料测量员•Site Supervisor: 现场主管•Contract Administrator: 合同管理员•Safety Officer: 安全员•Quality Inspector: 质量检验员•Stakeholder: 利益相关者以上是一份简要的建筑英语词汇大全，涵盖了建筑基础、建筑施工、建筑材料和建筑项目管理等方面的词汇。
与房屋有关的词汇汇总
与房屋有关的词汇汇总Housesemi-detached house 半独立式房子detached house 独立式房子terraced houses/ row houses 连栋房屋fence 篱笆front door 房子前门garage 车库driveway 车库通向马路的空地Flat/Apartmentblock of flats 公寓楼ground floor 第一层first floor 第二层lift/elevator 电梯stairs 楼梯steps 楼外的台阶balcony 阳台Renting你如果打算租房子，不妨看一下这些词汇，看房的时候就知道跟房东说什么了：landlord 房东rent 房租House Leasing Contract 房屋合同deposit 定金furnished house/ apartment有家具的房子/公寓unfurnished house/ apartment 无家具的房子/公寓a vacant room/ a spare room 空房single room 单人间double room 双人间utilities 水、电、煤气和垃圾处理等费用flatmate 合住一套公寓的人；合租者letting agency 房屋中介agency fee 中介费海外留学租房三攻略home stay 寄宿家庭university accommodation 学校宿舍private accommodation 私人住房Roomcozy 温馨的living room/lounge 起居室；客厅bedroom 卧室main bedroom 主卧carpet 地毯coffee table 茶几armchair 单人沙发sofa 沙发remote control 遥控器radiator 暖气片central heating 中央供暖fridge/ freezer 冰箱kettle 电烧水壶stool 厨房高脚椅oven 烤箱dishwasher 洗碗机tap 水龙头sink 洗碗池cupboard 橱柜shower 淋浴/冲凉bath 浴缸bathroom 卫生间main bathroom 主卫toilet 马桶Buy a flat/ apartment 买房real estate 房地产mortgage 按揭down payment 首付completed apartment/flat 现房forward housing delivery 期房resold apartment 二手房affordable housing 经济适用房housing price 房价中国日报网站。
和房屋各个结构有关的英语单词
和房屋各个结构有关的英语单词梁beam檐口eave窗台window sillarch 拱vault 穹顶ogive 葱形饰;尖形拱顶facade 侧面frontispiece 三角墙,山墙column 柱pilaster 壁柱,半露柱pediment 山墙饰,山花fronton 山墙ground plan 平面图floor, storey 层ground floor 第一层(美作:first floor)flat 套(美作:apartment)stair well 楼梯间lift shaft 电梯,升降梯(美作:elevator shaft)fire escape 防火梯staircase 楼梯lift 电梯(美作:elevator)goods lift 公务电梯(美作:freight elevator)central heating 暖气ventilation shaft 通风井air conditioning 空调air-conditioned 带空调的flooring (一块)地板floorboard 地板(总称)parquet 木条地板herringbone parquet 人字形木条地板tile 瓷砖terrazzo 磨石子地wall 墙main wall 承重墙partition wall 隔断墙plastering 抹灰skirting board 壁脚板to whitewash 粉刷facade 建筑物正面window 窗basement 地下室penthouse 遮檐,披屋attic, garret 阁楼kitchen 厨房dining room 饭厅living room 起居室lounge 吸烟室,大厅bathroom 浴室toilet 卫生间chimney 烟囱fireplace 壁炉gutter 排水沟drainpipe 雨水管,落水管ceiling 天花板flat roof, roof garden 屋顶平台,屋顶花园roof 屋瓦顶tile, roof tile 瓦房屋：house/buildings；门槛：threshold；窗台：window sill;窗户：window；房檐（复数）：eaves;屋脊：ridge;屋顶：roof/housetop;梁：roof beamC。
建筑结构常用专业外语词汇
建筑结构常用词汇：钢筋：reinforcing steel bar钢筋混凝土：reinforced concrete（RC）钢筋混凝土结构：reinforced concrete structure 板式楼梯：cranked slab stairs刚度：rigidity ,stiffness徐变：creep水泥：cement钢筋保护层：cover to reinforcement梁：beam柱：column板：slab ,plate剪力墙：shear wall基础：foundation剪力：shear剪切变形：shear deformation剪切模量：shear modulus拉力：tension压力：pressure延伸率：percentage of elongation位移：displacement应力：stress应变：strain应力集中：concentration of stresses应力松弛：stress relaxation应力图：stress diagram应力应变曲线：stress-strain curve应力状态：state of stress钢丝：steel wire箍筋：hoop reinforcement ,stirrup箍筋间距：stirrup spacing加载：loading抗压强度：compressive strength抗弯强度：bending strength抗扭强度：torsional strength抗拉强度：tensile strength裂缝：crack屈服：yield屈服点：yield point屈服荷载：yield load屈服极限：limit of yielding屈服强度：yield strength屈服强度下限：lower limit of yield荷载：load横截面：cross section承载力：bearing capacity承重结构：bearing structure弹性模量：elastic modulus预应力钢筋混凝土：prestressed reinforced concrete预应力钢筋：prestressed reinforcement预应力损失：loss of prestress预制板：precast slab现浇钢筋混凝土结构：cast-in-place reinforced concrete 双向配筋：two-way reinforcement主梁：main beam次梁：secondary beam ,joist beam弯矩：moment悬臂梁：cantilever beam延性：ductility受弯构件：member in bending受拉区：tensile region受压区：compressive region塑性：plasticity轴向压力：axial pressure轴向拉力：axial tension吊车梁：crane beam可靠性：reliability粘结力：cohesive force外力：external force弯起钢筋：bent-up bar弯曲破坏：bending failure屋架：roof truss素混凝土：non-reinforced concrete, plain concrete无梁楼盖：flat slab配筋率：reinforcement ratio配箍率：stirrup ratio泊松比：Poisson’s ratio偏心受拉：eccentric tension偏心受压：eccentric compression偏心距：eccentric distance偏心荷载：eccentric load疲劳强度：fatigue strength跨度：span跨高比：span-to-depth ratio跨中荷载：midspan load框架结构：frame structure集中荷载：concentrated load分布荷载：distribution load 分布钢筋：distribution steel 挠度：deflection设计荷载：design load设计强度：design strength构造：construction简支梁：simple beam截面面积：area of section浇注：pouring浇注混凝土：concreting钢筋搭接：bar splicing刚架：rigid frame脆性：brittleness脆性破坏：brittle failure。
建筑常用英文词汇
建筑常用英文词汇一、基础词汇。
1. building（[ˈbɪldɪŋ]，名词） - 建筑物；大楼。
- This is a very tall building.（这是一座非常高的大楼。
）2. architect（[ˈɑːkɪtekt]，名词） - 建筑师。
- The architect designed a beautiful house.（这位建筑师设计了一座漂亮的房子。
）3. structure（[ˈstrʌktʃə(r)]，名词/动词）- 名词：结构；构造。
例如：The structure of the bridge is very strong.（这座桥的结构非常坚固。
）- 动词：构造；组织。
例如：They structure the company in a new way.（他们以一种新的方式组建公司。
）4. foundation（[faʊnˈdeɪʃn]，名词） - 基础；地基；基金会。
- The foundation of the building is very deep.（这栋建筑物的地基很深。
）5. wall（[wɔːl]，名词） - 墙。
- There is a picture on the wall.（墙上有一幅画。
）6. floor（[flɔː(r)]，名词/动词）- 名词：地板；楼层。
例如：The floor is made of wood.（地板是木制的。
）I live on the fifth floor.（我住在五楼。
）- 动词：铺地板。
例如：They floor the room with tiles.（他们用瓷砖铺房间的地板。
）7. ceiling（[ˈsiːlɪŋ]，名词） - 天花板。
- There is a lamp on the ceiling.（天花板上有一盏灯。
）8. window（[ˈwɪndəʊ]，名词） - 窗户。
- Open the window, please.（请打开窗户。
建筑的结构英语常用词汇
.总体设计Altitude Plant north Heat insulation General design等高线气象露点设计依据Contour line Meteorology DewpointDesign basis相对标高冷桥建筑红线Relative elevation日照Cold-bridgeBuilding line绝对标高Sunshine遮阳建筑系数Absolute altitude天然采光SunshadeCoefficient ofbuilding地震根本烈度Natural lighting恒温恒湿occupation Basic earthquake intensity人工照明Constant temperature&界区抗震设防烈度Artificantlight; artificial constant humidityBattery limited Fortification intensity illumination消声有效面积风玫瑰照度Noiseelimination;noise Effective area Wind rose Degree of illumination reduction使用面积建筑朝向通风Usable area Building orientation Ventilation防振结构面积建筑间距正压通风antivibrationStructural area Building distance Positive ventilating 4.2 建筑一般词汇建筑面积公顷噪声Conventional terms of Building area Hectare Noise architecture建筑面积密度指北针隔声方案Density of building area North arrow Sound insulation Scheme; draft竖向布置测北吸声草图Vertical planning Geophical north Sound absorption Sketch高程建北保温隔热透视图.Perspective drawing Stair Fire-resistive grade enclosure wall建筑构图梯段生产类别女儿墙Architectural composition Stair slab Classificationof production Parapet wall坐标楼梯平台耐火极限隔墙Coordinate Stair landing Duration of fire-resistance Partition纵坐标平安出口防火间距〔浴室、厕所〕隔断Ordinate Safety exit File-break distance Stall横坐标疏散楼梯泄压面积窗间墙Abscissa Escape staircase Area of pressure release Pier跨度楼梯间闷顶墙垛Span Stair well Mezanine; mezzanine Pillar开关封闭楼梯间砖标号过梁Bay Enclosure staircase Grade of brick; strength of Lintel进深防烟楼梯间brick圈梁Depth Smoke prevention stair well承重墙Gird; girt; girth层高消防电梯间Bearing wall防潮层Floor height Emergency elevators well非承重墙Damp-proof course 净高自动扶梯Non-bearing wall勒脚Clear height; headroom Escalator挡土墙Plinth横数中庭Retaining wall横梁Module; modulus Atrium填充墙Transverse beam 裙房疏散走道Filler wall纵横Skirt building Escape corridor; escape way围护墙Longitudinal wall楼梯耐火等级Curtain wall; cladding wall;山墙Gable; gable wall电化学腐蚀钢筋混凝土Porcelain enamel brick 防火墙Electro-chemical corrosion Reinforced concrete(R.C)空心砖Fire wall晶间腐蚀细石混凝土Hollow brick压顶Intergranular corrosion Fine aggregate concrete砌块Coping气相腐蚀轻质混凝土Block勾缝Gaseous corrosion Lightweight concrete缸砖Pointing液相腐蚀加气混凝土guarry brick砖砌平拱Liquidoid corrosion Aerocrete;Aerocrete锦砖Brick flat arch固相腐蚀concrete mosac预埋件Solid corrosion陶粒混凝土地面砖Embedded inserts腐蚀裕度Ceramsite concrete paving brick直抓梯Allowance for corrosion水泥膨胀珍珠岩防滑地砖Ladder锈蚀Cement & expended pearlite non-slip brick栏杆rusting岩棉耐酸砖〔板〕Railing 4.3 建筑材料Mineral wool; mine wool acidbrick (acidtile)防腐蚀Building materials沥青胶泥Corrosion resistant;级配砂石asphalt masticAnticorrosion Graded sand & gravel卷材粘土瓦化学溶蚀素土夯实Felt Cloy tileChemical erosion Rammed earth玛蹄脂玻璃瓦膨胀腐蚀灰土Asphalt mastic enamelled tileExpansion corrosion Lime-soil粘土砖波形镀锌钢板化学腐蚀素混凝土Clay brick galvanizedcorrugatesteel Chemical corrosion Plain concrete釉面砖sheet玻璃钢瓦石灰砂浆抹面起玻璃素土夯实glass-fiber reinforced lime plaster prism glass rammed earthplastic tile水泥石灰砂浆抹面夹丝玻璃垫层彩色压型钢〔铅〕板cement-lime plaster Wire glass basecoloured corrugate steel刀灰打底结合层(aluminium) plat;hemp-cut and lime as base夹层玻璃bonding course profiuing coloured stccl原木sandwich glass面层(aluminium) plat Log中空玻璃Covering 石棉水泥瓦方木hollow glass隔离层ashestos-cement sheet square timber钢化玻璃insulation course水磨石板材reinforced glass活动地板terrajjo plank镀膜玻璃raising floor; movable floor;水刷石胶合板coating glass access floorgranite plaster plywood有机玻璃花岗石三夹板organic glass篦子板granite3plywood 4.4 建筑构造及配件grating磨光花岗石五夹板Buildingconstruction&地面提示块polished granite5plywood component ground prompt剁斧石平板玻璃铺砌遮阳板artificial stone flat glass paving sunshade大理石浮法玻璃地坪窗套marble float-process glass grade Window moulding 水泥砂浆抹面磨砂玻璃基层护角cement plaster ground glass; frosted glass bedding curb guard防水层天沟隔声门〔窗〕变压器间门water-proof course Valley sound insulation door transformer room door 找平层挑檐(window);围墙门Leveling course overhanging eave acoustical door (window)gate隔热层檐口防火门〔窗〕车库门heat insulation course eave fire door (window)garage door保温层泛水冷藏门保险门thermal insulation course flashing freezer door safe door檩条分水线平安门引风门purlin watershed exit door ventilation door天窗檐沟防护门〔窗〕检修门skylight eave gutter protection door (window)access door天棚汇水面积屏蔽门〔窗〕平开门〔窗〕ceiling catchment area Shield door (window)side-hung door吊顶雨罩防风砂门推拉门〔窗〕suspending ceiling canopy radiation resisting door sliding door吊顶龙骨散水(window)弹簧门ceiling joist apron密闭门〔窗〕swing door雨水口坡道weather tight door折迭门drain gulley ramp泄压门〔窗〕folding door水斗台阶pressure release door卷帘门Lead head entrance steps(window)rolling door雨水管保温门壁柜门转门Leader; downspout thermal insulation door closet door revolving door6夹板门换气窗落地窗sill plateplywood door vent sast French window防护铁栅拼板门上悬窗玻璃幕墙barricade;irongrille;FLB door (framed, Ledged and top-hung window glazed curtain wall gratingbattened door);中悬窗门〔窗〕框合页matchboard door center-pivoted window door (window) frame butts; hinges; butt hinges实拼门下悬窗拼樘料执手solid door bottom-hung window transom 〔横〕，mullion〔竖〕knob镶板门立转窗门〔窗〕扇撑档panel door vertically pivoted window door (window) leaf catch镶玻璃门固定窗( 平开窗扇 casement sash)滑道glazed door fixed window纱扇sliding track玻璃门单层窗screen sash插销glass door single window亮子bolt钢木门双层窗transom, fanlight拉手steel & wooden door double window门心板pull百页门百页窗pancl推板shutter door shutter披水板push plate连窗门带形窗weather board门锁door with side window continuous window贴脸板mortice lock; door lock传递窗子母扇窗trim执手锁delivery window attached sash window筒子板mortice lock with knob观察窗组合窗Lining 4.5 建筑结构observation window composite window窗台板Building structure4.5.1 荷载轴向荷载刚性荷载天然地基Load Axial Load Rigid Load Natural ground活荷载偏心荷载柔性荷载人工地基Live load Eccentric Load Flexible Load Artificial ground静荷载，恒载风荷载临界荷载混凝土根底Dead load Wind Load Critical Load Concrete foundation;静力荷载风力、风压容许荷载Concrete footingStatic load Wind force 、 Wind Pressure Admissible Load,Allowable毛石根底移动荷载雪荷载Load safe Load Rubble masonry footing; Moving load Snow Load极限荷载(Rubble) stone footing动力荷载屋面积灰荷载Ultimate Load砖根底Dynamic load Roof ash Load条形荷载Brickwork footing冲击荷载〔吊车〕最大轮压Strip Load桩根底impact load Maximum Wheel Load破坏荷载Pile foundation附加荷载吊车荷载Failure Load, Load at failure设备根底Superimposed load Crane Load地震荷载Equipment foundation规定荷载〔又称标准荷载〕安装荷载Seismic Load;Earthquake机器根底Specified Load Erection Load load Machine foundation集中荷载施工荷载荷载组合独立根底Concentrated Load Construction Load Combination of load Individual footing, Isolated 分布荷载不对称荷载 4.5.2 地基和根底foundationDistributed Load Unsymmetrical Loading Soil and foundation Pad foundation设计荷载重复荷载地基联合根底Design Load Repeated Load(Bed)soil Combined footing大块式根底Floating foundation根底埋置深度Pile group; Pile cluster Massive foundation沉箱〔井〕根底Depth of embedment斜桩条形根底Caisson foundation foundation Batter pileStrip foundation;Strip构架式根底地下连续墙预制桩footing Frame foundation Undelground continuous wall precast pile Strap footing;Continuous深根底打桩灌注桩footing Deep foundation Pile driving In-situpile;Cast-in-place 方形根底根底打桩机pileSquare footing Footing Foundation Pile engine;Pile driver; Ram Cast-in-situ pile;Filling 杯形根底基槽mactuine pileFooting socket Foundation ditch; Foundation钢桩板桩板式根底trench Steel pile sheet pileSlab-foundation;Mat footing基坑水桩拆密桩阶梯形根底Foundation pit Wood pile; Timber pile Compaction pileStepped foundation; Benched根底板钢筋混凝土桩挤密砂桩foundation Foundation slab Reinforced concrete pile Sand compaction pile (Stepped footing)根底梁砂桩灰土挤密桩扩展根底Foundation beam Footing beam Sand pile Line-soil compaction pile spread footing根底底面石灰桩钻孔桩扩底根底Foundation base Lime pile;Lime column;Bored pileUnder-reamed foundation根底底板Quicklime pile打入桩浮伐基地Foundation mat单桩Driuen pileRaft foundation;Buoyant根底垫层Single pile摩擦桩foundation Foundation-bed群桩Friction pile; Buoyant pile端承桩试桩冰冻深度塑料指数End bearing pile;Point Test pile Frozen depth; Frost depth;Index of plasticitybearing pile;桩荷载试验Frost penetrationdepth of松软土Column pile (柱桩〕Pile load test frost penetration Mellow soil; spongy soil 支承桩桩的动荷载试验防冻深度回填土Bearing pile Dynamic load test of pile Frost-proof depth Backfill Refilling抗拔桩桩的侧向荷载试验粘土类土杂填土Tension pile; Uplift pile;Lateral pile load test Clayey soil Miscellaneous fill抗滑桩桩的极限荷载轻亚粘土地表水Anti-slicle pile Ultimate pile load Sandy loam Surface water;桩承台桩承载能力亚粘土地下水Pile cap Pilecapacity;Bearing Sandy clay; Loam Groundwater桩帽capacity of a pile砂质土地下水位Pile cap; pile couel Carrying capacity of a pile Sandy soil Groundwater eltualion;桩头土压力砂砾石Groundwater level;Pile crown; pile head Earth pressure Sandy gravel stratum Groundwater table桩端主动土压力膨胀土容重Pile tip Active earth pressure Expansive soil Unit weight桩身被动土压力硬质土，硬盘岩，硬土层干容重Pile shaft Passive earth pressure Hard pan Dry unit weight桩距静止土压力液限湿容重Pile spacing Earth pressure at rest Liquid limit Wet unit weight桩钢筋笼容许地耐力塑限饱和容重Pile cage Allowable bearing strength Plastic limit Saturated unit weight不均匀沉降夯实分层厚度砖砼结构无梁楼板Unequal settlement;Compacted lift Brick and concrete structure Flat plate; Flat slab Differential settlement持力层钢结构桁架；屋架地基处理Bearing stratum; Supporting;Steel structure Truss; Roof truss Ground treatment Course结构型钢三角形屋〔桁〕架地基加固管道与根底相碰Shape steel Triangular truss Ground stabilization;soil Pipeline interfereswith木结构梯形屋〔桁〕架improvement foundation Timber structure Trapezoidal truss 土质查勘 4.5.3 一般结构用语组合结构拱形屋架Soil exploration Terms for general structures Composite structure Arch roof truss 地质勘察建筑结构框架结构折线形屋架Geological exploration Building structure Frame structure Segmental roof truss 沉陷建筑物梁板结构弓形桁架Settlement Building Beam and slab structure Bowstring truss 倾斜结构形式构件框架obliquity; Inclination Structural type Member Frame滑移混凝土〔砼〕结构承重构件排架Sliding Concrete structure Load-bearing member Bent frame夯实土砌体结构结构构件刚架Compacted soil Masonry structure Structure member Rigid frame 夯实填土砖砌结构肋形屋盖门架Compacted fill Brick structure Ribbed roof Portal frame 夯实回填土石砌结构肋形楼板抗风构架Tamped backfill Stone structure Ribbed floor slab Wind frame抗震构架过梁承重墙上弦Aseismic frame Lintel Bearing walls Top chord梁曲梁柱网下弦Beam; Girder Curved beam bow beam Column grid Bottom chord大梁根底梁节间Girder Foundation beam支撑系统Panel主梁吊车梁Brace system节点Principal beam; Primary beam Crane girder柱间支撑Panel point次梁T形梁Portal bracingbetween压杆Secondary beam T-beam columns Compression member; strut 加腋梁柱屋石支撑拉杆Haunched beam Column Roof bracing Tension member; Tie-beam 筒支梁组合柱垂直支撑腹杆Simply beam Combination column Vertical bracing Web member固端梁立柱水平支撑斜杆Fixed beam Post Horizontal bracing Diagonal member悬臂梁吊车柱剪刀撑斜腹杆Cantilever beam Crane column Cross bracing Diagonal web member连续梁抗风柱临时顶撑 ,支撑吊杆Continuous beam End panel column Shoring Hanged rod; sag rod托梁墙桁架式支撑系杆，拉杆Spandrel wall Trussed bracing Tie bar; sag rod圈梁板斜撑天窗架girth slab plate Kneel-brace Skylight frame天窗Bearing plate结构设计精确计算Monitor; Skylight填隙板Structure design Rigorous calculation 托座、牛腿Filler plate按极限强度设计近似计算Bracket梁柱接头Ultimate strength design Approximate calculation 檀条Beam-column connections按许可应力设计平安等级Purlin截面Working stress design Safety classes 连接Cross section按承载能力设计极限状态Connection拱Loading capacity design Limit states接点Arch按稳定性设计摩擦系数Joint壳Design according to Coefficient of friction 铰接点Shell stability质量密度Hinged point伸缩缝按变形设计Mass density固接点Expansion joint Design according toFixed Joint沉降缝deformation重力密度安装接点Settlement joint结构分析Weight (Force) density Erection joint施工缝Structural analysis b) 结构的作用效应术语拼接接点Construction joint结构计算轴向力Splice joint防震缝Structural calculation Normal force节点板、连接板Aseismic joint静定结构剪力Gussetplate;connecting结构理论用语Statically determinate Shear forceplate Terms fortheory ofstructures弯矩加劲板slructures超静定结构Bending moment Stiffener plate a) 设计方法术语Statically indeterminste扭矩支撑板Terms for design method structures Torque水平推力Deformation Shear strength截面高度Horizontal thrust弯曲抗变强度Height of section水平拉力Bending; Flexure Flcxural strength截面有效高度Horizontal pull扭转抗扭强度Effective depth of section 水平〔垂直〕分力Torsion Torsional strength载面宽度Horizontal(vertical)抗裂强度Breadth of section component c) 材料性能、结构抗力术语Cracking strength截面厚度合力Terms of property of material屈服强度Thickness of section Resultant and resistamle of structure Yield strength截面面积正应力抗力疲劳强度Area of sectionNormal stress Resistancc Fatigue strength截面面积矩剪应力抵抗力矩弹性模量First moment of area Shear stress Resistante moment Modulus of elasticity截面惯性矩主应力强度剪切模量Second moment of area Principal stress Strength Shear modulus截面抵抗矩模量标准中用词次应力刚度变形模量Section modulusSecondary stress Stiffness; Rigidity Modulus of deformation回转半径预应力抗裂度稳定性Radius of gyration Prestress Crack resistance Stabilith偏心距位移抗压强度泊松比eccentricityDisplacement Compressiue strength Poisson ratio长度挠度抗拉强度LengthDeflection Tensile strength d) 几何参数术语跨度变形抗剪强度Terma of geometry parameter Span矢高Mortar leveling浇灌砼courseRvse 4.5.6 钢筋砼结构Concreting; Costion; Pouring; 4.5.7 配筋长细比Reinforced concretePlacing ReinforcementSlenderness ratio structure一次浇灌配筋率4.5.5 砖石结构素混凝土At one pouring Percentage of reinforcementMasonry construction Plain concrete分二次浇灌主筋砖砌体钢筋混凝土Pours in two operations Main reinforlement Brickwork Reinforced concrete二次灌浆分布筋砌筑预应力砼Final grouting Distributing reinforcement Laying Prestressed concrete钢筋保护层腹筋砖标号砼标号Reinforcement protective Web reinforcement Grade of brick; Strength of Grade of concrete course开口箍筋brick钢号模板U-stirrups 毛石砌体Grade of steel Formwork; shuttering闭口箍筋Rubble masonry整体式结构拆模Closed stirrups毛石砼砌体Monolithic structure Form stripping环筋Grouted rubble masonry装配式结构预埋件Hoops水泥砂浆Assembled structure Embedded inserts弯起钢筋Cement mortar预制构件预留槽〔洞〕Bent-up bar石灰砂浆Precast element;Fabricated Groove (Hole) to be provided附加钢筋Lime mortar element垫层Additional reinforcement 水泥石灰砂浆现浇Bedding course搭接接头cement-lime mortar Cast-in-site;找平层Lapped splice砂浆找平Placed-in-site Leveling course;Trowelling焊接接头Welded splice Erection bolt Full weld 4.5.9 特种结构钢筋间距普通螺栓搭接焊Special structures Spacing of reinforcement Common bolt Lap weld水塔吊筋高强螺栓贴角焊Water tower Suspender High strength bolt Fillet weld高烟筒双向配筋 4.5.8 焊接点焊Tall chimney Two-way reinforced Welding Spot weld冷却水塔螺旋筋电弧焊对接焊Cooling tower Spiral bar Electric arc welding Butt weld油罐温度筋气焊，氧—乙炔焊仰焊Oil tank Temperature reinforcement Gas welding;oxy-acetylene Overhead weld蓄水池锚固长度welding双面贴角焊Water reservoir Anchor length焊条Flat filletweld in front and管廊埋入长度Welding electrode;back Pipe rackBuilt-in length Welding-rod连续贴角焊管架螺孔直径手工焊Continuous fillet weld Pipe support Diameter of bolt hole Manual welding间断贴角焊球罐螺孔中心线自动焊Intermittent fillet weld Spherical tank Center line of bolt hole Automatic welding安装焊缝裂解炉锚栓、地脚螺栓车间焊接Erection weld cracking furnace Anchor bolt Shop-welding单 V形对接焊起重机、吊车根底螺栓现场焊接〔工地焊接〕Single V butt weld Crane; Hoist Foundation bolt Field-welded双 V形对接焊安装螺栓满焊Double V butt weld。
房地产基本单词
房地产基本单词房地产基本单词一、房屋类型1.公寓：apartment2.别墅：villa3.联排别墅：townhouse4.独立式住宅：detached house5.半独立式住宅：semi-detached house6.公寓式酒店：aparthotel二、房屋结构1.一层楼房：single-story building2.两层楼房：two-story building3.三层楼房：three-story building4.阁楼：attic5.地下室：basement三、房产交易1.买方：buyer2.卖方：seller3.中介机构：real estate agency4.物业管理公司: property management company5.评估师: appraiser6.律师: lawyer7.贷款: mortgage四、土地类型1.住宅用地: residential land2.商业用地: commercial land3.工业用地: industrial land五、建筑材料1.水泥: cement2.砖头: brick3.木材: wood4.钢筋混凝土: reinforced concrete六、装修材料1.油漆: paint2.瓷砖: tile3.壁纸: wallpaper4.灯具: lighting fixtures七、其他相关词汇1.房屋面积: floor area2.物业费: property fee3.房屋保险: house insurance4.房屋抵押贷款: house mortgage loan以上是房地产基本单词，希望对您有所帮助。
与房子有关的英语词汇
与房子有关的英语词汇kitchen=厨房dining room=餐厅living room=sitting room=drawing room=lounge=客厅bedroom=卧室master bedroom=主卧spare room=客房bathroom=washroom=浴室、洗手间study=library=书房box room=utility room=储藏室、杂物间dressing room=更衣间playroom=（小朋友玩耍的）游戏室balcony=阳台sun lounge=sun porch=阳光房loft=attic=garret=顶楼、阁楼basement=地下室garage=车库curtains=drapes=shade=窗帘blind=roller blind=百叶窗double glazing=（隔音非常好的）双层玻璃窗sill=窗台skylight=（屋顶的）天窗wallpaper=墙纸parquet floor=木地板carpet=地毯bath=bathtub=tub=浴缸bath mat=浴室防滑垫quilt=被子duvet=羽绒被crazy quilt=百衲被sheet=床单blanket=毯子electric blanket=电热毯front door=正门back door=后门doorbell=门铃doormat=门前垫子doorway=门廊passage=走廊stairs=楼梯elevator=lift=电梯escalator=自动扶梯house=房子、家apartment=flat=一套公寓studio apartment=一室户two bedroom house=两房three bedroom house=三房duplex apartment=复式公寓penthouse apartment=高层建筑的顶层豪华公寓palace=豪宅cottage=乡间小屋ranch house=bungalow=平房walk-up=无电梯的房子public housing=政府为低收入者所建的住房。
建筑英文大全
建筑英文大全1. 概述建筑是人类文明发展的重要组成部分，是人们居住、工作、学习和娱乐的场所。
为了更好地了解和学习建筑，掌握建筑领域的专业英文词汇是很重要的。
本文档将提供一份建筑英文大全，包括建筑材料、建筑结构、建筑类型和建筑流程等方面的词汇。
2. 建筑材料•Concrete：混凝土•Steel：钢铁•Brick：砖•Wood：木材•Glass：玻璃•Ceramic：陶瓷•Stone：石材•Clay：黏土•Tile：瓷砖•Asphalt：沥青3. 建筑结构•Foundation：基础•Beam：梁•Column：柱•Wall：墙•Roof：屋顶•Floor：地板•Ceiling：天花板•Staircase：楼梯•Balcony：阳台•Elevator：电梯4. 建筑类型•Residential building：住宅建筑•Commercial building：商业建筑•Educational building：教育建筑•Government building：政府建筑•Industrial building：工业建筑•Hospital building：医院建筑•Sports facility：体育设施•Cultural facility：文化设施•Religious building：宗教建筑•Skyscraper：摩天大楼5. 建筑流程•Design：设计•Planning：规划•Construction：建设•Renovation：翻修•Demolition：拆除•Inspection：检查•Permit：许可证•Budget：预算•Project management：项目管理•Quality control：质量控制6. 结论本文档提供了一份建筑英文大全，包括建筑材料、建筑结构、建筑类型和建筑流程等方面的词汇。
掌握这些专业英文词汇将有助于提高对建筑领域的理解和学习。
在进一步研究建筑或行业交流中，这些词汇将发挥重要作用。
建筑结构英语常用词汇
总体设计General design设计依据Design basis建筑红线Building line建筑系数Coefficient of building occupation 界区Battery limited有效面积Effective area使用面积Usable area结构面积Structural area建筑面积Building area建筑面积密度Density of building area 竖向布置Vertical planning高程Altitude等高线Contour line相对标高Relative elevation绝对标高Absolute altitude地震基本烈度Basic earthquake intensity 抗震设防烈度Fortification intensity风玫瑰Wind rose建筑朝向Building orientation建筑间距Building distance公顷Hectare指北针North arrow测北Geophical north建北Plant north气象Meteorology日照Sunshine天然采光Natural lighting人工照明Artificant light; artificial illumination 照度Degree of illumination通风Ventilation正压通风Positive ventilating 噪声Noise隔声Sound insulation 吸声Sound absorption 保温隔热Heat insulation露点Dewpoint冷桥Cold-bridge遮阳Sunshade恒温恒湿Constant temperature & constant humidity消声Noise elimination; noise reduction防振antivibration4.2 建筑一般词汇Conventional terms of architecture方案Scheme; draft草图Sketch透视图Perspective drawing建筑构图Architectural composition 坐标Coordinate纵坐标Ordinate横坐标Abscissa跨度Span开关Bay进深Depth层高Floor height净高Clear height; headroom 横数Module; modulus裙房Skirt building楼梯Stair梯段Stair slab楼梯平台Stair landing安全出口Safety exit疏散楼梯Escape staircase楼梯间Stair well封闭楼梯间Enclosure staircase防烟楼梯间Smoke prevention stair well 消防电梯间Emergency elevators well 自动扶梯Escalator中庭Atrium疏散走道Escape corridor; escape way耐火等级Fire-resistive grade生产类别Classification of production耐火极限Duration of fire-resistance防火间距File-break distance泄压面积Area of pressure release闷顶Mezanine; mezzanine砖标号Grade of brick; strength of brick承重墙Bearing wall非承重墙Non-bearing wall挡土墙Retaining wall填充墙Filler wall围护墙Curtain wall; cladding wall; enclosure wall女儿墙Parapet wall隔墙Partition（浴室、厕所）隔断Stall窗间墙Pier墙垛Pillar过梁Lintel圈梁Gird; girt; girth防潮层Damp-proof course 勒脚Plinth横梁Transverse beam纵横Longitudinal wall 山墙Gable; gable wall 防火墙Fire wall压顶Coping勾缝Pointing砖砌平拱Brick flat arch预埋件Embedded inserts 直抓梯Ladder栏杆Railing防腐蚀Corrosion resistant; Anticorrosion 化学溶蚀Chemical erosion膨胀腐蚀Expansion corrosion化学腐蚀Chemical corrosion电化学腐蚀Electro-chemical corrosion晶间腐蚀Intergranular corrosion气相腐蚀Gaseous corrosion液相腐蚀Liquidoid corrosion固相腐蚀Solid corrosion腐蚀裕度Allowance for corrosion 锈蚀rusting4.3 建筑材料Building materials级配砂石Graded sand & gravel 素土夯实Rammed earth灰土Lime-soil素混凝土Plain concrete钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete(R.C)细石混凝土Fine aggregate concrete轻质混凝土Lightweight concrete加气混凝土Aerocrete; Aerocrete concrete 陶粒混凝土Ceramsite concrete水泥膨胀珍珠岩Cement & expended pearlite 岩棉Mineral wool; mine wool沥青asphalt卷材Felt玛蹄脂Asphalt mastic粘土砖Clay brick釉面砖Porcelain enamel brick空心砖Hollow brick砌块Block缸砖guarry brick锦砖mosac地面砖paving brick防滑地砖non-slip brick耐酸砖（板）acidbrick (acidtile)胶泥mastic粘土瓦Cloy tile玻璃瓦enamelled tile波形镀锌钢板galvanized corrugate steel sheet玻璃钢瓦glass-fiber reinforced plastic tile彩色压型钢（铅）板coloured corrugate steel (aluminium) plat;profiuing coloured stccl (aluminium) plat石棉水泥瓦ashestos-cement sheet水磨石terrajjo水刷石granite plaster 花岗石granite磨光花岗石polished granite 剁斧石artificial stone 大理石marble水泥砂浆抹面cement plaster 石灰砂浆抹面lime plaster水泥石灰砂浆抹面cement-lime plaster刀灰打底hemp-cut and lime as base 原木Log方木square timber板材plank胶合板plywood三夹板3plywood五夹板5plywood平板玻璃flat glass浮法玻璃float-process glass磨砂玻璃ground glass; frosted glass 起玻璃prism glass夹丝玻璃Wire glass夹层玻璃sandwich glass中空玻璃hollow glass钢化玻璃reinforced glass镀膜玻璃coating glass有机玻璃organic glass4.4 建筑构造及配件Building construction & component 铺砌paving地坪grade基层bedding素土夯实rammed earth垫层base结合层bonding course面层Covering隔离层insulation course活动地板raising floor; movable floor; access floor 篦子板grating地面提示块ground prompt遮阳板sunshade窗套Window moulding护角curb guard防水层water-proof course找平层Leveling course隔热层heat insulation course 保温层thermal insulation course 檩条purlin天窗skylight天棚ceiling吊顶suspending ceiling 吊顶龙骨ceiling joist雨水口drain gulley水斗Lead head雨水管Leader; downspout天沟Valley挑檐overhanging eave 檐口eave泛水flashing分水线watershed檐沟eave gutter汇水面积catchment area 雨罩canopy散水apron坡道ramp台阶entrance steps保温门thermal insulation door隔声门（窗）sound insulation door (window); acoustical door (window)防火门（窗）fire door (window)冷藏门freezer door安全门exit door防护门（窗）protection door (window)屏蔽门（窗）Shield door (window)防风砂门radiation resisting door (window)密闭门（窗）weather tight door泄压门（窗）pressure release door (window)壁柜门closet door 变压器间门transformer room door 围墙门gate车库门garage door保险门safe door引风门ventilation door检修门access door平开门（窗）side-hung door推拉门（窗）sliding door弹簧门swing door折迭门folding door卷帘门rolling door转门revolving door夹板门plywood door拼板门FLB door (framed, Ledged and battened door);matchboard door实拼门solid door镶板门panel door镶玻璃门glazed door玻璃门glass door钢木门steel & wooden door 百页门shutter door连窗门door with side window 传递窗delivery window观察窗observation window换气窗vent sast上悬窗top-hung window中悬窗center-pivoted window 下悬窗bottom-hung window立转窗vertically pivoted window 固定窗fixed window单层窗single window双层窗double window百页窗shutter带形窗continuous window 子母扇窗attached sash window 组合窗composite window 落地窗French window玻璃幕墙glazed curtain wall门（窗）框door (window) frame拼樘料transom （横），mullion （竖）门（窗）扇door (window) leaf(平开窗扇casement sash)纱扇screen sash亮子transom, fanlight门心板pancl披水板weather board 贴脸板trim筒子板Lining窗台板sill plate防护铁栅barricade; iron grille; grating 合页butts; hinges; butt hinges 执手knob撑档catch滑道sliding track插销bolt拉手pull推板push plate门锁mortice lock; door lock 执手锁mortice lock with knob 4.5 建筑结构Building structure4.5.1 荷载Load 活荷载Live load静荷载，恒载Dead load静力荷载Static load移动荷载Moving load动力荷载Dynamic load冲击荷载impact load附加荷载Superimposed load规定荷载（又称标准荷载）Specified Load集中荷载Concentrated Load分布荷载Distributed Load设计荷载Design Load轴向荷载Axial Load偏心荷载Eccentric Load风荷载Wind Load风力、风压Wind force、Wind Pressure 雪荷载Snow Load屋面积灰荷载Roof ash Load（吊车）最大轮压Maximum Wheel Load 吊车荷载Crane Load安装荷载Erection Load施工荷载Construction Load不对称荷载Unsymmetrical Loading 重复荷载Repeated Load刚性荷载Rigid Load柔性荷载Flexible Load临界荷载Critical Load容许荷载Admissible Load, Allowable Load safe Load极限荷载Ultimate Load条形荷载Strip Load破坏荷载Failure Load, Load at failure 地震荷载Seismic Load; Earthquake load荷载组合Combination of load4.5.2 地基和基础Soil and foundation地基(Bed)soil天然地基Natural ground人工地基Artificial ground混凝土基础Concrete foundation; Concrete footing 毛石基础Rubble masonry footing; (Rubble) stone footing砖基础Brickwork footing桩基础Pile foundation设备基础Equipment foundation机器基础Machine foundation独立基础Individual footing, Isolated foundation Pad foundation联合基础Combined footing大块式基础Massive foundation条形基础Strip foundation; Strip footingStrap footing; Continuous footing方形基础Square footing杯形基础Footing socket板式基础Slab-foundation; Mat footing阶梯形基础Stepped foundation; Benched foundation(Stepped footing)扩展基础spread footing扩底基础Under-reamed foundation浮伐基地Raft foundation; Buoyant foundation Floating foundation沉箱（井）基础Caisson foundation构架式基础Frame foundation深基础Deep foundation基础Footing Foundation基槽Foundation ditch; Foundation trench 基坑Foundation pit基础板Foundation slab基础梁Foundation beam Footing beam基础底面Foundation base基础底板Foundation mat基础垫层Foundation-bed基础埋置深度Depth of embedment foundation地下连续墙Undelground continuous wall打桩Pile driving打桩机Pile engine; Pile driver; Ram mactuine 钢桩Steel pile水桩Wood pile; Timber pile钢筋混凝土桩Reinforced concrete pile砂桩Sand pile石灰桩Lime pile; Lime column; Quicklime pile 单桩Single pile群桩Pile group; Pile cluster斜桩Batter pile预制桩precast pile灌注桩In-situ pile; Cast-in-place pileCast-in-situ pile; Filling pile板桩sheet pile拆密桩Compaction pile挤密砂桩Sand compaction pile灰土挤密桩Line-soil compaction pile钻孔桩Bored pile打入桩Driuen pile摩擦桩Friction pile; Buoyant pile端承桩End bearing pile; Point bearing pile; Column pile (柱桩）支承桩Bearing pile抗拔桩Tension pile; Uplift pile;抗滑桩Anti-slicle pile桩承台Pile cap桩帽Pile cap; pile couel桩头Pile crown; pile head桩端Pile tip桩身Pile shaft桩距Pile spacing桩钢筋笼Pile cage试桩Test pile桩荷载试验Pile load test桩的动荷载试验Dynamic load test of pile 桩的侧向荷载试验Lateral pile load test桩的极限荷载Ultimate pile load桩承载能力Pile capacity; Bearing capacity of a pileCarrying capacity of a pile土压力Earth pressure主动土压力Active earth pressure被动土压力Passive earth pressure静止土压力Earth pressure at rest容许地耐力Allowable bearing strength冰冻深度Frozen depth; Frost depth;Frost penetration depth of frost penetration防冻深度Frost-proof depth粘土类土Clayey soil轻亚粘土Sandy loam亚粘土Sandy clay; Loam砂质土Sandy soil砂砾石Sandy gravel stratum膨胀土Expansive soil硬质土，硬盘岩，硬土层Hard pan液限Liquid limit塑限Plastic limit塑料指数Index of plasticity松软土Mellow soil; spongy soil 回填土Backfill Refilling杂填土Miscellaneous fill地表水Surface water;地下水Groundwater地下水位Groundwater eltualion; Groundwater level; Groundwater table 容重Unit weight干容重Dry unit weight湿容重Wet unit weight饱和容重Saturated unit weight不均匀沉降Unequal settlement;Differential settlement地基处理Ground treatment地基加固Ground stabilization; soil improvement 土质查勘Soil exploration地质勘察Geological exploration沉陷Settlement倾斜obliquity; Inclination滑移Sliding夯实土Compacted soil夯实填土Compacted fill夯实回填土Tamped backfill夯实分层厚度Compacted lift持力层Bearing stratum; Supporting; Course 管道与基础相碰Pipeline interferes with foundation 4.5.3 一般结构用语Terms for general structures建筑结构Building structure建筑物Building结构形式Structural type混凝土（砼）结构Concrete structure砌体结构Masonry structure砖砌结构Brick structure石砌结构Stone structure砖砼结构Brick and concrete structure钢结构Steel structure结构型钢Shape steel木结构Timber structure组合结构Composite structure框架结构Frame structure梁板结构Beam and slab structure 构件Member承重构件Load-bearing member 结构构件Structure member肋形屋盖Ribbed roof肋形楼板Ribbed floor slab无梁楼板Flat plate; Flat slab 桁架；屋架Truss; Roof truss三角形屋（桁）架Triangular truss梯形屋（桁）架Trapezoidal truss拱形屋架Arch roof truss折线形屋架Segmental roof truss 弓形桁架Bowstring truss框架Frame排架Bent frame刚架Rigid frame门架Portal frame抗风构架Wind frame抗震构架Aseismic frame梁Beam; Girder大梁Girder主梁Principal beam; Primary beam 次梁Secondary beam加腋梁Haunched beam筒支梁Simply beam固端梁Fixed beam悬臂梁Cantilever beam连续梁Continuous beam托梁Spandrel圈梁girth过梁Lintel曲梁Curved beam bow beam 基础梁Foundation beam吊车梁Crane girderT形梁T-beam柱Column组合柱Combination column 立柱Post吊车柱Crane column抗风柱End panel column墙wall板slab plate承重墙Bearing walls柱网Column grid支撑系统Brace system柱间支撑Portal bracing between columns 屋石支撑Roof bracing垂直支撑Vertical bracing 水平支撑Horizontal bracing 剪刀撑Cross bracing临时顶撑,支撑Shoring桁架式支撑Trussed bracing 斜撑Kneel-brace上弦Top chord下弦Bottom chord节间Panel节点Panel point压杆Compression member; strut 拉杆Tension member; Tie-beam 腹杆Web member斜杆Diagonal member斜腹杆Diagonal web member吊杆Hanged rod; sag rod 系杆，拉杆Tie bar; sag rod天窗架Skylight frame天窗Monitor; Skylight 托座、牛腿Bracket檀条Purlin连接Connection接点Joint铰接点Hinged point固接点Fixed Joint安装接点Erection joint拼接接点Splice joint节点板、连接板Gusset plate; connecting plate 加劲板Stiffener plate支撑板Bearing plate填隙板Filler plate梁柱接头Beam-column connections 截面Cross section拱Arch壳Shell伸缩缝Expansion joint沉降缝Settlement joint施工缝Construction joint防震缝Aseismic joint4.5.4 结构理论用语Terms for theory of slructures a) 设计方法术语Terms for design method结构设计Structure design按极限强度设计Ultimate strength design按许可应力设计Working stress design按承载能力设计Loading capacity design按稳定性设计Design according to stability按变形设计Design according to deformation 结构分析Structural analysis结构计算Structural calculation静定结构Statically determinate structures 超静定结构Statically indeterminste structures 精确计算Rigorous calculation近似计算Approximate calculation安全等级Safety classes极限状态Limit states摩擦系数Coefficient of friction质量密度Mass density重力密度Weight (Force) density b) 结构的作用效应术语轴向力Normal force剪力Shear force 弯矩Bending moment扭矩Torque水平推力Horizontal thrust水平拉力Horizontal pull水平（垂直）分力Horizontal (vertical) component 合力Resultant正应力Normal stress剪应力Shear stress主应力Principal stress 次应力Secondary stress 预应力Prestress位移Displacement 挠度Deflection变形Deformation弯曲Bending; Flexure扭转Torsionc) 材料性能、结构抗力术语Terms of property of material and resistamle of structure抗力Resistancc抵抗力矩Resistante moment强度Strength刚度Stiffness; Rigidity抗裂度Crack resistance抗压强度Compressiue strength 抗拉强度Tensile strength抗剪强度Shear strength抗变强度Flcxural strength抗扭强度Torsional strength抗裂强度Cracking strength屈服强度Yield strength疲劳强度Fatigue strength 弹性模量Modulus of elasticity剪切模量Shear modulus变形模量Modulus of deformation稳定性Stabilith泊松比Poisson ratiod) 几何参数术语Terma of geometry parameter 截面高度Height of section截面有效高度Effective depth of section载面宽度Breadth of section截面厚度Thickness of section截面面积Area of section截面面积矩First moment of area截面惯性矩Second moment of area截面抵抗矩模量规范中用词Section modulus回转半径Radius of gyration 偏心距eccentricity长度Length跨度Span矢高Rvse长细比Slenderness ratio 4.5.5 砖石结构Masonry construction 砖砌体Brickwork砌筑Laying砖标号Grade of brick; Strength of brick 毛石砌体Rubble masonry毛石砼砌体Grouted rubble masonry水泥砂浆Cement mortar石灰砂浆Lime mortar水泥石灰砂浆cement-lime mortar砂浆找平Mortar leveling 4.5.6 钢筋砼结构Reinforced concrete structure 素混凝土Plain concrete钢筋混凝土Reinforced concrete预应力砼Prestressed concrete砼标号Grade of concrete钢号Grade of steel整体式结构Monolithic structure装配式结构Assembled structure预制构件Precast element; Fabricated element 现浇Cast-in-site; Placed-in-site浇灌砼Concreting; Costion; Pouring; Placing 一次浇灌At one pouring分二次浇灌Pours in two operations二次灌浆Final grouting钢筋保护层Reinforcement protective course 模板Formwork; shuttering拆模Form stripping预埋件Embedded inserts预留槽（洞）Groove (Hole) to be provided垫层Bedding course找平层Leveling course; Trowelling course 4.5.7 配筋Reinforcement配筋率Percentage of reinforcement 主筋Main reinforlement分布筋Distributing reinforcement 腹筋Web reinforcement开口箍筋U-stirrups闭口箍筋Closed stirrups环筋Hoops弯起钢筋Bent-up bar 附加钢筋Additional reinforcement 搭接接头Lapped splice焊接接头Welded splice钢筋间距Spacing of reinforcement 吊筋Suspender双向配筋Two-way reinforced螺旋筋Spiral bar温度筋Temperature reinforcement 锚固长度Anchor length埋入长度Built-in length螺孔直径Diameter of bolt hole螺孔中心线Center line of bolt hole锚栓、地脚螺栓Anchor bolt基础螺栓Foundation bolt安装螺栓Erection bolt 普通螺栓Common bolt高强螺栓High strength bolt4.5.8 焊接Welding电弧焊Electric arc welding气焊，氧—乙炔焊Gas welding; oxy-acetylene welding 焊条Welding electrode; Welding-rod手工焊Manual welding自动焊Automatic welding车间焊接Shop-welding现场焊接（工地焊接）Field-welded满焊Full weld搭接焊Lap weld贴角焊Fillet weld点焊Spot weld对接焊Butt weld 仰焊Overhead weld双面贴角焊Flat fillet weld in front and back 连续贴角焊Continuous fillet weld间断贴角焊Intermittent fillet weld安装焊缝Erection weld单V形对接焊Single V butt weld双V形对接焊Double V butt weld4.5.9 特种结构Special structures 水塔Water tower高烟筒Tall chimney冷却水塔Cooling tower 油罐Oil tank蓄水池Water reservoir 管廊Pipe rack管架Pipe support 球罐Spherical tank 裂解炉cracking furnace 起重机、吊车Crane; Hoist。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
和房屋各个结构有关的英语单词
梁beam
檐口eave
窗台window sill
arch 拱
vault 穹顶
ogive 葱形饰;尖形拱顶
facade 侧面
frontispiece 三角墙,山墙
column 柱
pilaster 壁柱,半露柱
pediment 山墙饰,山花
fronton 山墙
ground plan 平面图
floor, storey 层
ground floor 第一层(美作:first floor)
flat 套(美作:apartment)
stair well 楼梯间
lift shaft 电梯,升降梯(美作:elevator shaft)
fire escape 防火梯
staircase 楼梯
lift 电梯(美作:elevator)
goods lift 公务电梯(美作:freight elevator)
central heating 暖气
ventilation shaft 通风井
air conditioning 空调
air-conditioned 带空调的
flooring (一块)地板
floorboard 地板(总称)
parquet 木条地板
herringbone parquet 人字形木条地板
tile 瓷砖
terrazzo 磨石子地
wall 墙
main wall 承重墙
partition wall 隔断墙
plastering 抹灰
skirting board 壁脚板
to whitewash 粉刷
facade 建筑物正面
window 窗
basement 地下室
penthouse 遮檐,披屋
attic, garret 阁楼
kitchen 厨房
dining room 饭厅
living room 起居室
lounge 吸烟室,大厅
bathroom 浴室
toilet 卫生间
chimney 烟囱
fireplace 壁炉
gutter 排水沟
drainpipe 雨水管,落水管
ceiling 天花板
flat roof, roof garden 屋顶平台,屋顶花园
roof 屋瓦顶
tile, roof tile 瓦
房屋：house/buildings；门槛：threshold；窗台：window sill;窗户：window；房檐（复数）：eaves;屋脊：ridge;屋顶：roof/housetop;梁：roof beamC。