2020年高考英语语法必考知识点虚拟语气专项练习(pdf)

now.
A. would fly B. would have flown C. would be flying
D. were
flying
Keys:
1、D 2、B 3、D 4、D 5、B 6、B 7、C 8、C 9、D 10、 C
定义 动词虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望, 假设, 猜测, 建议, 请求, 意图, 设想等 未能或不可能成为事实的情况, 或者在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况, 而不表示客观存在的现实。
表现形式 通过句中谓语动词的特殊形式来表现. 这些特殊形式与谓语动词的某些时 态相同, 但它们只表示语气, 而不表示时态, 但含有一定的时间概念
用法 一.虚拟语气在简单句中的用法: 谓语动词用原形或 may +动词原形 1.表示祝愿 a. Long live our country. b. May you succeed. c. May you be happy all your life.
7、I’m sorry, Bill. I _________ the book to you last week, but I was so busy
that I forgot to do so.
A. must have returned
B. could return
C. should have returned
2.表示与过去事实相反的情况时, if 从句的谓语用 had done 形式, 主句的 谓语用 should / would / could / might + have done 的形式 a. If she had invited me yesterday, I should have gone to the party. b. I would have checked my paper again if I had had more time at yesterday’s exam. c. If you had taken the teacher’s advice, you would not have failed in the exam.
3.表示与将来事实相反的情况时, if 从句的谓语形式是: ①.完全动词过去式 (be 的过去式通常用 were); ②.should +动词原形; ③.were to do. 其中 ②, ③种情况都含有出乎意料之外之意; 主句的谓语的形式是: should / would / could / might +动词原形 a. If she should invite me tomorrow, I should go to the party. b. If it rained / should rain / were to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be put off. c. If I saw him tomorrow, I would pass your note to him. d. I might come back if I were to miss the train.
D. might return
8、 What would have happened____, as far as the river bank?
A. Bob had walked farther
B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther
2.省略条件从句或主句, 省略部分的含义仍有所体现. 省略主句时, 表示己 不能实现的愿望 a. You could have done it yourself (if you had wanted to). b. I wouldn’t smoke (if I were you). c. If my old friends were with me! (要是老朋友和我在一起该多好啊)
六.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法: 如果表示说话人的看法, 想法或意见, 在句型 It is / was + adj. + that 从 句中, 主语从句中可用虚拟语气. 主语从句中谓语动词用 should do 表示 现在或将来情况, 用 should have done 表示过去情况 a. It is necessary that you should clean the lab before you left. b. It is important that you should take the doctor’s advice. c. It was very strange that he should have left without say goodbye.
2.表示与过去事实相反的情况, as if / though 从句谓语用过去完成式 a. The machines operated as if it had been repaired.
五.虚拟语气在含 even if / though 从句的复合句中的用法: 在此类复合句中, 若表示与事实相反, 可用虚拟语气形式. 主从句的谓语动 词形式与非真实条件句相同 a. Even if I were rich, I would work.
2.表示命令 a. Everybody leave the room.
二.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法 1.表示与现在事实相反的情况时, if 从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be 动词的 过去式多用 were, 而不用 was), 主句的谓语用 should / would / could / might +动词原形 (should 多用于第一人称, would 多用于二三人称, could / might 可用于所有人称) a. If I had more time, I should study computer better. b. If he were not so busy, she would attend the meeting this afternoon. c. If they didn’t take exercises every day, they wouldn’t be so healthy. d. If you went to bed earlier, you would not be so sleepy in the morning. e. If she invited me, I should go to the party.
三.虚拟语气在非真实条件句中用法的几个变体: 1.条件从句省略 if: 在书面语中, 如果条件从句中的谓语中有 were, had, should 等词, 可将 if 省略, 而把 were, had, should 放在句首 a. Were I you (=If I were you ), I would get up early very early. b. Had you arrived (=If you had arrived ) at the station ten minutes earlier yesterday, you could have caught the train.
4.假设的条件不以条件从句, 而以其他方式如介词短语、从句等表达出来, 这种句子称为含蓄条件句 a. What would you do with a million dollars? b. Without music, the world would be a dull place. c. We could have done better with more money. d. He would have given you more help, but he has been so busy.
2 、 It ’ s high time that something _________ to prohibit selling fake
commodities.
A. must be done
B. was done
C. be done
D.
were done
3 、 — I ’ m worried about the sports meet. Do you think it will be
D. if Bob walked farther
9、I am still suffering from a fever. If I ______ the doctor’s advice yesterday,
I ______ from my illness.
A. take; would recover
6、 Without Sir Tim, the father of www, keeping up with the latest ______
so convenient.
A. would be B. wouldn’t be C. would have been D. wouldn’t have
been
四.虚拟语气在 as if / though 从句中的用法: 1.表示与现在事实相反或对相在情况有所怀疑, as if / though 从句谓语用 过去式 a. He speaks English so well as if she had studied English in England. b. She looked as if she were ill.
postponed?பைடு நூலகம்
— If it ________ rain tomorrow. But actually the weather forecast has
removed our worry.
A. could
B. would
C. might
D. should
4、 All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he _____badly wounded
and that he ____at once.
A. should be; be operated on B. were; must be operated on
C. be; was operated on
D. was; be operated on
5、—Philip was ill and didn't attend Tom's wedding last week.
2020 年高考英语语法必考知识点：虚拟语气专项练习
1、You didn’t let me drive. If we ______ in turn, you ______ so tired.
A. drove; didn’t get
B. drove; wouldn’t get
C. were driving; wouldn’t get D. had driven; wouldn’t have got
—I ________, either, if my sister _______ me.
A. wouldn't; hadn ’ t reminded
B. wouldn't have; hadn ’ t
reminded
C. hadn’t; wouldn’t remind
D. didn’t; hasn’t reminded
d. If you could have seen the wonderful film!
3.主从句时间不一致时, 主从句谓语动词的形式取决于要表示的具体时间 a. You would speak English well if you had practised speaking it every day. b. If she hadn’t trained so hard, she wouldn’t be able to run so fast.
B. took; would recover
C. took; would have recovered
D. had taken; would have
recovered
10、 What a pity. If I had caught that flight, I ____ over the Pacific Ocean