口语突破英语的时态和语态

英语的时态和语态概念：在英语中不同时间发生的动作谓语动词的表达形式也不一样，这就是时态。

时态和时间紧密相连。

目标：口语突破语法。

实施步骤：【1:弄懂语法含义及构成2:收集实用句子3:反复操练句子4:举一反三】概念：表示现在正在进行和发生的动作。

构成：be(am,is,are)+现在分词现在分词的构成：1)一般在动词后面直接加-ing：eating, drinking, reading2）以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e再加-ing：come-coming, write-writing 3)需要双写最后一个字母的：shop-shopping sit-sitting stop-stopping run-running swim-swimmingget-getting begin-beginning plan-planning hit-hittingbeg-begging put-putting travel-travelling win-winning cut—cutting wrap-wrapping skip—skipping clap—clapping regret—regretting forget--forgetting例句：1:I’m working on it. 2:He’s looking for a part-time job.3:She is cooking/sleeping. 4:They are talking about you.5:We are having English class. Can you call again later6:It’s raining hard/again/outside.7:What’s so funny Why are you laughing8:The phone is ringing. Please answer it for me. I’m taking a shower.9:Who are you taking to I’m talking to my mother.10:You’re making great progress in English.你的英语有了很大的进步。

（练习：用look for, wait for, talk about练习造句）特殊语法一：现在进行时表示将来：1:I’m leaving/coming. 2:My parents are coming to see me.3:He is leaving for Hk tomorrow. 4:What are you doing later5:I’m not working next week. 6:We’re having a party next weekend.7:I’m not going out tonight. I’m staying at home.8:What are you doing later特殊用法二：与always，constantly等连用，含有说话人的主观色彩：1:You are always complaining.2:She is always changing her mind.3:I am always forgetting people’s names.4:You’re always watching TV, You’re always playing computer games.请随时随地脱口而出下列句子：1:What are you doing 5:I’m reading./working.2:What’s he doing 6:My mother is cooking/sleeping.3:What are they doing 7:I’m not going.4:Where are you going9:She is getting fatter and fatter.10:It’s getting hotter and hotter.11:Ever day, in every way, I’m getting better and better.概念：表示过去某个时刻或某个阶段正在进行的动作。

构成：was/were + 现在分词1:What were you doing at this time last night2:It was raining hard when I went to school this morning.3:They were talking about me when I came in.4:I was taking a shower when you called.5:They were watching TV when the lights went out.6:I was having dinner with my friend at 8 o’clock yesterday.7:She was sleeping at this time last night.8:My mother was waiting for me when I got home.9:I was shopping at the market when I met my English teacher.10:What did the teacher say just now Sorry, I wasn’t listening.11:I called you yesterday morning but you weren’t at home,where were you一般现在时主要用来表示经常性或反复性发生的动作，陈述事实及现在的状态构成：动词用原形，但主语是第三人称单数时动词要加-s【主语是he,she,it,Tom, Tom’s father 等时】动词第三人称单数的变化;一般在动词后加-s：sing—sings, like—likes以辅音字母加-y结尾的动词，变-y为i再加-es：study-studies worry—worries carry---carries以o,s,x,sh,ch结尾的动词，要加-es：do—does go—goes wash—washes watch—watches一：表示主语所具备的性格、特征、状态及喜好：1:I’m an office worker. 2:Her mother is a nurse.3:He is tall and thin. 4:We are officer workers.5:She is from America. 6:They are my neighbours.7:I go to work on foot every :He works hard.9:She lives near here. 10:They work overtime every day.11:The girl looks like her :The boy hates going to school.二：表示经常性和习惯性的动作：（常与频度副词always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never等连用）1:My mother gets up early every day.2:He often stays up late.3:She usually goes to work by bike.4:My son often does her homework at the last minute.5:They sometimes travel during summer holiday.6:I practice English every morning.三：表示早已列入时刻表的事件1:School starts on . 2:The bus runs every 10 minutes3:The train leaves at 8 tomorrow morning. 4:What’s tomorrow’s date5:What day is it tomorrow 6:When is your birthday四：表示客观真理：1:Time is precious. 2:Health is better than wealth.3:Practice makes perfect.4:Mothers always worry about their children.【请脱口而出下面的句子】Everyone wants to succeed.Everybody makes such mistakes sometimes.That happens.The dish tastes delicious.The shop opens at 9 o’clock and closes at 6 o’clock.Are you free now【举例说明一般现在时否定句和疑问句的变化】：I’m a teacher.I’m not a teacher-->Are you a teacher-->Yes,I am/No,I’m not.She is a nurse.She isn’t a Is she a nurse-->Yes,she is./No,she isn’t.They are students.They aren’t >Are they students-->Yes,they are./No,they aren’t.4) I like travelling.-I don’t like Do you like travelling-Yes,I do./No,I don/t.5) He works hard.-->He doesn’t work Does he work hard-->Yes, he does./No, he doesn’t.【一般疑问句】一：Do you….Do you like Chinese food Do you have any hobbiesDo you see him often Do you get up earlyDo you drink Do you often go shopping二：Does ……Does he love you Does she live near hereDoes Tom speak English Does your mother call you oftenDoes your son study hard Does your wife workDoes he teach English Does she have a BF【特殊疑问句】What do you usually do on weekendsWhat does this sign meanWhat does today’s news sayWhat do you like best about ChinaWhere do you live/workWhere do you come fromHow do you go to work every dayHow do you like itWhen do you go to work/get off workWhen does the meeting startWhy do you like such a personWhy do you have to tell her the truthWhy do you think SZ is a bad place to liveWhy do you come to ChinaWhy don’t we have fun16)Why don’t you like her17)Which do you prefer, tea or coffee18)Which place do you like best in China19)How old is your daughter20)How many people are there in your family21)How much money do you need22)How much is it How much are they23)How long have you been in China24)How far is it from here to your company25)How often do you call your family26)How soon will you come back【额外奉送】一般现在时对于描述自己的情况很有用;（一）Self-introduction自我介绍Hello name is Lily. I’m from China. I live in Beijing. I love English. I read English every day. I yell English everyfavourite sport are tennis and swimming. My father is a doctor and my mother is a teacher. We are all interested in you like EeglishI hope we can be friends.（二）Self-introductionI have 2 children. My son is 8, he studies in a primary school. Mydaughter is 15,she studies in a middle ’m a techer,I work in auniversity. My wife works in a hospital. We have a happy family.(三) AliceAlice is a very outgoing girl, she likes music, she palys basketball, she spends a lot of money on clothes. she goes to movies, and she often goes to nightclub, she knows many people, she is very popular.Alice doesn’t stay home alone very often, she doesn’t read books, she doesn’t watch TV, she doesn’t listen to music. She is very active, She likes talk on the phone, everyone likes Alice.(四) My sister and IMy sister and I are very different. I’m an office worker, she’s a secretary in a small company. I live in GZ, she lives in SZ, I have a BF, she lives alone. I’m rich, she is poor. My father likes me, my mother likes my sister. Alough we are different, we like each other.四：一般过去时一：含义：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。