限定词的具体分类和用法详解

限定词（determiner)

限定词是在名词词组中对名词中心词起特指、泛指、定量或不定量等限定作用的一类词。

一、英语限定词种类

1.定冠词,不定冠词,零冠词。如：the, a

2.名词属格。如：my friend’s, Tom’ｓ…

3.物主限定词。如: my, your …

4.指示限定词。如：this, that, these, those, such…

5.疑问限定词。如：what, whose, which…

6.关系限定词。如：which, whose…

7.不定限定词。如：some, any, each, every, either, neither, all

8.数词(基数词、序数词、倍数词、分数词)

9.量词。如：a lot of, lots of , a great/good deal of ,

a great/large/good number of …

二、限定词与三类名词的搭配关系

限定词按它词汇意义可分为特指限定词、泛指限定词、定量限定词、不定量限定词四大类。这四类限定词有的能与单数、复数可数名词搭配，也可与不可数名词搭配

1) 能与三类名词搭配的限定词主要有the; my, John’s, the old man’s…; some, any, no, all, other,

such, what（ever）, which (ever), whose…

eg. the book----the books----the money,

my book----my books----my money

John’s book--- John’s books---- John’s money

2) 能与单数名词搭配的限定词。如:

a (n) , each, every, another, either ,one, neither, many a, such a (n) …

eg. each worker，every student，either book，another book3) 能与复数名词搭配的限定词。如：

both, two, another two (three), many,（a) few, several, these, those, a (great) number of …如：

two girls，（a）few words，several students

4) 能与不可数名词搭配的限定词,如：

a bit of, a large amount of, a great deal of, (a) little much, less, (the) least…

a bit of water，a large amount of money，much noise

5) 能与单复数名词搭配的限定词。如：

the first, the second, the last, the next, the other…

the first rose，the first roses，the last man, the last men the next meeting，the next meetings，many a ship，many ships…

注意：用了many a +单数可数名词作主语，尽管是复数意义，其后的动词还是要用单数形式。

6) 能与单数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词。如（the）least，this，that…

the least knowledge, this/that work, this/that job

7) 能与复数名词和不可数名词搭配的限定词。如:

a lot of, lots of, plenty of, enough, more, most, such, other…. 如：

a lot of books, a lot of money, lots of chairs, lots of food, such men, such bread…

Ex:下面的练习，要求注意限定词与三类名词的搭配关系。

1. Why is there___traffic on the streets in February than in May?

A. less

B. fewer

C. few

D. little

2. On account of the typhoon ____shipment will arrive

this week.

A. neither

B. all

C. both

D. these

3. They paid___money for the machine than I expected.

A. little

B. less

C. much

D. fewer

4.There are trees on ___side of the street.

A. such a

B. both

C. some

D. each

5.Have you got ___copies to go round?

A. the other

B. enough

C. a little

D. much

6.I saw ___cars outside the building .

A. a little

B. any

C. lots of

D. neither

7.There’s____water in the bottle.

A. few

B. a number of

C. plenty of

D.any

8.I’d like ____paper.

A. a few

B. several

C. a bit of

D. these

9.There are ___mistakes in the paper.

A. the

B. a little

C. much

D. a few

10.Do they have____air-conditioners for cooling the rooms

in summer?

A. many a

B. enough

C. a great deal of

D. a bit of

11. Don’t worry about the seats. There are ___chairs in

the room.