语法专项讲解-非谓语动词

动词不定式: 动词不定式 to do
• We are willing to offer them what we had. • be willing to • They left early in the morning to catch the first train. • -以便、为了（目的） 以便、为了（目的） 以便 • I hurried back to the classroom only to find my wallet gone. • -结果 结果 • The classroom is too small to hold forty-five students. • too … to … 太…而不能 而不能… 而不能
动词不定式: 动词不定式 to do
• I prefer to live in the country rather than in a city. • prefer to do • The doctor advised him to take a rest. • advise sb. to do sth. • Have you decided where to hold the party? • They are discussing how to solve the problems. • wh- to do (where/ when / how /what …)
非谓语动词
广东轻工职业技术学院 钟岚
非谓语动词形式
• 动词不定式 to do 动词不定式: • 动名词 -ing 动名词: • 分词: -ing / -ed 分词
动词不定式: 动词不定式 to do
• It is important for us to learn English well. • It is + adj. (for sb.) to do sth. • （某人）做某事很 的。 某人）做某事很…的 • 注意：此处的形容词通常为对所做事情的描述， 注意：此处的形容词通常为对所做事情的描述， 重要的， 必要的， 如important重要的，necessary必要的， 重要的 必要的 difficult困难的，easy容易的，impossible不可 困难的， 容易的， 困难的 容易的 不可 能的等等。 能的等等。 • His plan is to finish the work in two weeks. • … is / are to do sth. …是要做某事 是要做某事
分词: 分词 -ing / -ed
• While going to the station, I met an old friend of mine. 分词， • while / when /before / after + 分词，… • 主语与动词关系主动 现在分词、被动 过去分词 主语与动词关系主动-现在分词 被动-过去分词 现在分词、 • With traveling expenses rising a lot, Mrs. White had to change all her plans for the tour. • He is married. • with + n. +分词 （独立主格结构） 分词 独立主格结构） • 主动 现在分词、被动 过去分词 主动-现在分词 被动-过去分词 现在分词、 • The little boy, accompanied by his parents, entered into the zoo.
动词不定式: 动词不定式 to do
• I hope to see you again. （一般式） • Jane seems to be recovering. （进行式） • I’m sorry to have kept you so long. （完成 式） • This watch needs to be repaired.（被动式） • No harm seems to have been done.（完成 式的被动式） • I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.
动名词: 动名词 -ing
• I’m thinking of getting a pocket dictionary. • I regret having been unable to write to you earlier. • The students insisted on being given more free time in the evening. • His leg showed no symptom of having been injured.
动名词: 动名词 -ing
• Reading aloud is very important in learning English. •-主语 主语 • We appreciate working with him, because he has a good sense of humor. • -动词宾语 动词宾语 • Mr. Smith earns his living by teaching. • -介词宾语 介词宾语 • I put my comb on the dressing table. • -定语 定语 • Their work is planting trees. • -表语 表语
动词不定式: 动词不定式 to do
• He is the first to come and the last to leave. • the first /second / last / best to do sth. • He needs a place to live in. • 他需要一个地方以供居住。…以/用来做某 他需要一个地方以供居住 以供居住。 以 用来做某 事 • He needs someone to guide him. • You can use the dictionary to look for the new words.
动词不定式: 动词不定式 to do
• • • • • • • • 不带to的不定式 （1）感官动词和使役动词 feel, see, hear, watch, notice, smell … make, let, have （2）have no choice but + to do do nothing except / but + do （3）can’t but, can’t help but , had better … （4）某些惯用语 make do, make believe, let fall, let fly, let go (of), hear say, hear tell, …
动名词: 动名词 -ing
• 动名词的逻辑主语 • The students finishing the English exam so soon is out of the teacher’s expectation. • Please excuse my interrupting you. • 动名词前，形容词性物主代词，或名词所有格， 动名词前，形容词性物主代词，或名词所有格， 或名词，提示动作的发出者。 或名词，提示动作的发出者。 • No one has dreamed of there being such a good place. • I don’t know about the weather being so awful.
动词不定式: 动词不定式 to do
• It was generous of you to lend them your new car for their holiday. • It was so courageous of you to travel alone around the world. • it is + adj. + of sb. + to do sth. • 某人做某事真是太 某人做某事真是太……了。 了 • 注意：此结构中的形容词通常是形容人的品性 注意： 的形容词， 善良的） 的形容词，如kind(善良的）, generous（大方 善良的 （ 的）, courageous（勇敢的）等。 （勇敢的）