高一下学期英语阅读理解试卷

阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分 40分）阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。

The Great Wall of China is considered to be the only man－made project seen from the moon. Although it was once thought to have been built entirely during the Qin Dynasty( 朝代) between 221 and 208 BC, it is now believed to have been started earlier.The 15－foot－high, 25－foot－wide, 1,500－mile－long structure was undoubtedly built to keep out invading enemies. To the common people of the empire, who had been forced to build the wall, it was not worth it, however. The wall, and other public works completed by the Qin Dynasty, had caused great losses on the wealth and human life of the country. As a result, an angry population rose up in rebellion（反抗）against the Qin DBecause of its rich history and magnificent appearance, the Great Wall attracts tourists, scientists, and historians to this day and will56. According to the author of this passage, the Han Dynasty was ableA. enemies were not effectively prevented from invading the empireB. it had started the work on the wall and really controlled it allC. the common people rebelled against the empire that had forced themD. the Qin emperor lost all his personal wealth in the creation of the Great WallB.58. With which of the following opinions would this author most likely agree?A. The pyramids of Egypt also attract modern man because of the human effort they represent（体现）B. The pyramids of Egypt would probably be seen to a human standing on the moon.C. The human significance (意义) of the pyramids of Egypt is greaterD. The human significance of the pyramids of Egypt is not as great59. The writer has not directly stated, but would support the opinion that .A. Astronauts（宇航员） have taken a personal interest in the historyB. the common people of the Qin Dynasty were the ones who providedC. work on the Great Wall was started before the Qin Dynasty came into existenceD. the Great Wall of China is a great human achievement and wasB省略CWhen you turn on the radio, you hear an advertisement. When you watch television, you hear and see an advertisement. If you turn the pages of a newspaper or magazine, again you find an advertisement. If you walk down the street, you see one advertising board after another. All day, every day, people who want to sell you something compete to catch your attention.In the West, advertisements are the fuel that makes mass media work. Many TV stations, newspapers, magazines, radio stations are privately owned. The government does not give them money. So where does the money come from? From advertisements. Without advertisements, there would notHave you ever asked yourself what advertising is? Through the years, people have given different answers to the question. For some time it was felt that advertising was a means of “keeping your name before the public.” And some people thought that advertising was “truth well told.” Now more and more people describe it in this way: Advertising is the paid, nonpersonal (非针对某个人的), and usually persuasive (有说服力的) description of goods, services and ideas by identified sponsors (明确的出资者)through various media.First, advertising is usually paid for. Various sponsors pay for the advert sements we see, read, and hear over the various media. Second, advertising is nonpersonal. It is not face to face communication. Although you may feel that a message in a certain advertisement is aimed directly at you, in reality, it is directed at large groups of people. Third, advertising is usually persuasive. Directly or indirectly it tells people to do something. All advertisements try to make people believe that the product, idea, or service advertised can do good to them. Fourth, the sponsor of the advertisement must be identified. From the advertisement, we can see if the sponsor is a company, or an organization, or an individual. Fifth, advertising reaches us through traditional (传统的)and nontraditional mass media. Included in the traditional media arenewspapers, magazines, radio, television, and films. Nontraditional media include the mail, matchbox covers, and billboards (广告牌62. The existence（存在）of the privately owned mass media depends financially（经济上地）onA. the government C.advertisements D. the audience63. According to the passage, who are most probably paying for the advertisements?A. Companies.B. Organizations.C. Individuals.64. Which of the following is considered nontraditional massA. Newspapers.B. The mail.C. Magazines65. According to the passage, which of the following statements aboutB. Advertising is meant for largeC. Advertising tells people to do something directly orD. The sponsors are always mentioned in the advertisements.The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit－card (信用卡) fraud.Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal web site （非法网站）.Web sites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care.On－line shoppers who enter their credit－card information may never receive the goods they thought they bought.The thieves then go shopping with your card number—or sell the information over the Internet. Computers hackers (黑客) have broken down security（安全）systems, raising questions about the safety of cardholder information. Several months ago, 25,000 customers of CD Universe, an on－line music retailer (零售商) , were not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit－card numbers were posted on a Web site after the retailer refused to pay US $157,828 to getCredit－card firms are now fighting against on－line fraud. Mastercard is working on plans for Web－only credit card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping on－line. However, there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated (欺骗Ask about your credit－card firm's on－line rules: Under British law, cardholders have to pay the first US $78 of any fraudulent (欺骗性的) spending.And shop only at secure sites; Send your credit－card informationIf the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right －hand corner of your screen. The Web site address may also start https: // －the extra “s” stands for secure. If in doubt, give your credit －card information over the telephone.Keep your password（密码）safe: Most on－line sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your passwords with66. What do most people worry about the Internet according to thispassage?A. A lot of stolen credit－cards were sold onA. Cheating.B. Sale.C. Payment.D.68. How can the tD. The thieves buy the information from credit caA. Four.B. Three.C. Five.D.70. You are shopping on the site: http: // www. Shopping. com, and you want to buy a TV set, what does this article suggestC. E－mail the site your credit－Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there's no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children's curiosity(好奇). Firstly, listen to their questions.I once visited a classroom of seven－year－olds to talk about science asa job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary（薪水） and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Fina lly I said, “Now that we're finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own aboutAfter a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper (蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get astomachache. Why?”Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical(符合逻辑的), complete and creative answers.Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don't jump in with “That's right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior(行为). But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying, “That's interesting” or “I'd never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with moreNever push a child to “Think”. It doesn't make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to. What's more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target (目标Lastly, show; don't tell. Real－life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜), and they'll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates (蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.71. According to the passage, children are natural scientists, andA. to let them see the world aroundC. to explain difficult phrases about science72. In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “lists” could best be replaced byA. any questionsC. questions from textbooksD. any number of73. According to the passage, children can answer questions in a moreA. ask them to answer quickly.C. tell them to answer the next day.74. In which of the following paragraph(s) does the author tell usA. The second and third.B. The fourth andC. The fifth and sixth.D. The seventh.75. The author mentions all of the following techniques for adultsA. tell their children stories instead of reciting(背诵56～62～65 CDBA 66～70 BABAB 71～75 BCDCA。