现在完成时态被动语态
英语现在完成时的被动语态
学习好资料欢迎下载英语（十八）Book2 Unit 3 语法现在完成时的被动语态构成：have/has been done 第三人称单数用has，第三人称复数以及其余人称用have。
否定式是在have/has 后加not，也可缩写成haven’t/hasn’t;构成疑问句时，附加问句借助于have/has。
特殊疑问句式：疑问词+have/has+主语+been+及物动词的过去分词。
1.表示发生在过去的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，这个动作是被动的。
This novel has been translated into several languages.2.还可以表示在过去发生的，已知延续到现在的并可能持续延续下去的被动动作或状态。
常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于“How long…？”句型中。
The machine has been used for 3 years.3.用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作，即用现在完成时态的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
You can go home as soon as your homework has been finished.4.注意1）现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词：have/has和been 缺一不可。
2）注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。
一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对想在造成的影响或结果。
The machine has been repaired.(说明动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，“修好了”) The machine was repaired yesterday.(只说明动作发生在昨天)3）不可与确定的表过去或将来的时间状语连用（如yesterday,three days ago,in 1970,in 2050等），但可与不确定的时间状语连用（如already，yet，just，often，recently，in the past few years等）They have been punished recently.4）有些动词像finish，buy，start，begin，return，join，marry，open，die等，表示的动作很短暂，我们称之为短暂性动词或非延续性动词。
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态现在完成时的被动语态是英语中的一种时态形式，用于表示动作的完成及其结果对主语的影响或对主语的经验、感受等的影响。
在句子中，被动语态的结构是“have/has been + 过去分词”。
被动语态表示的是动作的承受者或影响者，而不是动作的执行者。
下面将详细介绍现在完成时的被动语态的用法和构成。
一、肯定句的构成现在完成时的被动语态的肯定句结构为“have/has been + 过去分词”。
例如：- The book has been read by many people.- 这本书已经被很多人阅读。
在以上例子中，“The book”是被动句的主语，“has been read”是现在完成时的被动语态，“by many people”表示动作的执行者。
二、否定句的构成现在完成时的被动语态的否定句结构为“have/has not been + 过去分词”。
例如：- The letter has not been written yet.- 这封信还没有被写。
在以上例子中，“The letter”是被动句的主语，“hasnot been written”是现在完成时的被动语态。
三、疑问句的构成现在完成时的被动语态的疑问句结构为“Have/Has + 主语 + been + 过去分词+?”。
例如：- Has the work been completed?- 工作已经完成了吗？在以上例子中，“the work”是被动句的主语，“Has been completed”是现在完成时的被动语态。
四、现在完成时被动语态的用法1. 表示动作的完成及其结果对主语的影响：例如：- The house has been built for three months.- 这座房子已经建造了三个月。
在以上例子中，“house”是被动句的主语，“has been built”是现在完成时的被动语态。
这句话强调的是房子已经建造完成，并且对主语产生了一定的影响。
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态have been done是现在完成时的被动语态结构。
现在完成时被动语态用法是高考的重要考点，学习时候应该注意下列几点：一、掌握现在完成时被动语态的构成现在完成时被动语态的结构为has/ have been done, 使用has been done时主语为单数，使用have been done时主语为复数。
如：This book has been translated into many languages.这本书已被译为多国语言。
His bikes have been sold out. 他的自行车已都卖完了。
二、理解现在完成时被动语态的概念现在完成时被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作，它有两层意思：1) 动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果：2）主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系。
如：Our classroom has been cleaned, you needn't clean it now.我们的教室已经被打扫过，你现在没必要再打扫了。
These flowers have been watered, you can go home. 这些花已经被浇水了，你可以回家了。
三、现在完成时被动语态的用法1、用于不知道动作执行者是谁时His bike has been stolen. 他的自行车被人偷了。
（不清楚是被谁偷的）2、用于动作执行者是泛指或不言自明时Not a book in the library has been taken away. 图书馆里的书没有一本被人拿走。
（没人拿书，泛指）3、用于可以说出动作执行者但动作承受者是谈话中心或特别需要强调时My watch has been repaired. 我的表修好了。
（表修好了是谈话的主旨，是谁修好无关紧要。
不必提及）4、用于出于委婉、礼貌而避免提及自己或对方时Enough has been said here on this question. 关于这个问题，这里已经谈得不少了。
现在完成时的被动语态
1．I want to buy that kind of cloth because I_____the cloth_____well.A．have told;washed B．have been told;washesC．have been told;washed D．was told;washes【答案】B【解析】考查时态及语态句意：我想买这种布，因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。
“我”和“告诉”是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，强调对现在的影响，所以需用完成时态的被动语态；一些动词wash，lock，sell，wear，read，open，shut，clean等，如果主语如果是物，且表示主语的特性或品质时，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
the cloth washes well是指“这种布料很好洗”就是说明这种布料的特征的，应使用一般现在时。
故选B。
2．The father,along with his four children,_____hangzhou.When they will be back_____fixed.A．have gone to;isn’t B．had gone to;is notC．went to;aren’t D．has gone to;has not been【答案】D【解析】考查的是主谓一致性及时态。
句意：这位父亲和他的四个孩子去杭州了。
他们什么时候回来还没有定下来。
along with，together with，as well as, with 引导并列主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持主谓一致，根据When they will be back_____fixed.可知，说话时他们不在现场，应使用have/has gone to“到某地去”；When they will be back是主语从句，谓语动词应使用单数形式，结合从句中的时态可知，此处应使用现在完成时，表示对现在的影响。
英语常用的八种语态
英语常用的八种语态
1. 一般现在时态 (Simple Present Tense)
主动语态：主语 + 动词原形
被动语态：主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词
2. 一般过去时态 (Simple Past Tense)
主动语态：主语 + 过去式
被动语态：主语 + was/were + 过去分词
3. 现在进行时态 (Present Continuous Tense) 主动语态：主语 + am/is/are + 现在分词
被动语态：主语 + am/is/are + being + 过去分词
4. 过去进行时态 (Past Continuous Tense)
主动语态：主语 + was/were + 现在分词
被动语态：主语 + was/were + being + 过去分词
5. 现在完成时态 (Present Perfect Tense)
主动语态：主语 + have/has + 过去分词
被动语态：主语 + have/has + been + 过去分词6. 过去完成时态 (Past Perfect Tense)
主动语态：主语 + had + 过去分词
被动语态：主语 + had + been + 过去分词
7. 将来时态 (Future Tense)
主动语态：主语 + will/shall + 动词原形
被动语态：主语 + will/shall + be + 过去分词
8. 将来完成时态 (Future Perfect Tense)
主动语态：主语 + will/shall + have + 过去分词
被动语态：主语 + will/shall + have + been + 过去分词。
现在完成时被动语态
一、基本构成：现在完成时的被动语态由 “have/has been＋过去分词”构成，其中第三人称 单数用has，第三人称复数及其余人称用have。 现在完成时被动语态的各种句式： [肯定式]have/has＋been＋done Your computer has been repaired. 你的电脑已经修好了。
1．现在完成时的被动语态的两个助动词，即have/has 和been，两者缺一不可。
2．与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被 动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系， 而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况有联系。
The library was built last year.这座图书馆是去年修成 的。
[否定式]have/has＋ not＋ been＋ done
The desks have not been cleaned. 这些桌子还没有擦干净。 [疑问式]Have/Has＋主语＋been＋done? —Has the door been painted？那扇门粉刷了吗？ —No，it hasn’t.不，还没有。
The work has already been finished. 工作已完成了。(结果是，现在不用做这项工作了)
2．表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到 现在，并有可能持续下去，常与for或since引导的时 间状语连用，或用于How long...？句型中。
The plan has been discussed for nearly 2 hours.
二、现在完成时被动语态的主要用法
1．表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响与结果。当 动词为短暂动词时，可与already或yet连用，但不能与 for或since引导的表示一段的时间状语连用。 I’m sorry，but the letters haven’t been typed yet. 很抱歉，这些信件还没有被打印出来。(结果是，现在还 拿不到这些信件)
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项
及物动词才能用被动语 态
例如：The book has been read. (正确) vs The book has been sleep. (错误)
过去分词要正确使用
例如：The letter has been write. (错误) vs The letter has been written. (正确)
Affirmative
主语 + have/has + been + 过去分词
Negative
主语 + have/has + not + been + 过去分词
Interrogative
Have/Has + 主语 + been + 过去分词?
现在完成时的被动语态的用法和意义
1 表示经验和经历
2 强调结果
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态是英语中一种重要的时态形式。它可以用来描述在过 去一段时间内发生过的被动动作或状态对现在的影响。
现在完成时的定义和结构
现在完成时是由"have/has + been + 过去分词"构成的。它表示动作在过去某 个时间点开始发生，并一直延续到现在。
现在完成时的被动语态形式
现在完成时的被动语态的非延 续性动词
有些动词不常与延续性动作连用，而更适合与非延续性动作连用，例如： arrive, come, die, fall, happen, leave, meet, occur, etc.
现在完成时的被动语态的延续 性动词
有些动词常与延续性动作连用，例如：live, work, study, teach, learn, write, etc.
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态have been done是现在完成时的被动语态结构。
现在完成时被动语态用法是高考的重要考点，学习时候应该注意下列几点：一、掌握现在完成时被动语态的构成现在完成时被动语态的结构为has/ have been done, 使用has been done时主语为单数，使用have been done时主语为复数。
如：This book has been translated into many languages.这本书已被译为多国语言。
His bikes have been sold out. 他的自行车已都卖完了。
二、理解现在完成时被动语态的概念现在完成时被动语态强调一个发生在过去的被动性动作，它有两层意思：1) 动作已经完成，强调对现在造成的影响或结果：2）主语与谓语动词之间为被动关系。
如：Our classroom has been cleaned, you needn't clean it now.我们的教室已经被打扫过，你现在没必要再打扫了。
These flowers have been watered, you can go home. 这些花已经被浇水了，你可以回家了。
三、现在完成时被动语态的用法1、用于不知道动作执行者是谁时His bike has been stolen. 他的自行车被人偷了。
（不清楚是被谁偷的）2、用于动作执行者是泛指或不言自明时Not a book in the library has been taken away. 图书馆里的书没有一本被人拿走。
（没人拿书，泛指）3、用于可以说出动作执行者但动作承受者是谈话中心或特别需要强调时My watch has been repaired. 我的表修好了。
（表修好了是谈话的主旨，是谁修好无关紧要。
不必提及）4、用于出于委婉、礼貌而避免提及自己或对方时Enough has been said here on this question. 关于这个问题，这里已经谈得不少了。
被动语态的时态和语态变化
被动语态的时态和语态变化被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要句式，它用于描述动作的承受者而不是执行者。
本文将探讨被动语态在时态和语态上的变化。
1. 时态变化被动语态的时态变化与主动语态的时态变化基本一致，只是动词的形式需要调整。
下面是一些常见时态的被动语态形式：- 现在时态：am/is/are + 过去分词- 过去时态：was/were + 过去分词- 现在完成时态：have/has + been + 过去分词- 过去完成时态：had + been + 过去分词- 将来时态：will + be + 过去分词- 过去将来时态：would + be + 过去分词例如：- Active: They clean the house every day.Passive: The house is cleaned every day.- Active: She will write the report.Passive: The report will be written by her.需要注意的是，一些特殊的时态如现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成进行时等不常用于被动语态。
2. 语态变化被动语态的语态变化主要体现在动词形式的变化上。
被动语态强调了动作的承受者，而无需说明动作的执行者。
下面是句子中动词形式的变化规则：- 动词的时态变化如上所述。
- 不及物动词：在被动语态中需要加上适当的助动词（通常是be动词），并将其后的不及物动词转换为过去分词形式。
- 及物动词：在被动语态中需要加上适当的助动词（通常是be 动词），并将其后的宾语转换为主语，同时将主语转换为介词by 短语的宾语。
例如：- Active: He eats an apple.Passive: An apple is eaten by him.- Active: They built a house.Passive: A house was built by them.被动语态可以帮助我们准确描述动作的承受者，使句子更加灵活多样。
现在完成时的被动语态
现在完成时的被动语态【归纳】★现在完成时的被动语态的谓语构成形式：肯定式：have / has（has只用于第三人称单数，其余人称用have）+ been + 及物动词的过去分词。
如：The results of their experiments have already been published.The party has been planned since the new year.否定式：have / has + not + been +及物动词的过去分词。
如：They ha ven’t been told about it yet.一般疑问句形式：Have / Has +主语+ been +及物动词的过去分词。
如：—Have his books been sold out?—Yes. So you can’t buy one now.特殊疑问句形式：疑问词+ have / has + been +及物动词的过去分词。
如：How many experiments have been done by the students this month?★现在完成时的被动语态通常有以下两种情况：①表示过去开始的被动动作一直持续到现在，常与之连用的时间状语有：for +一段时间，since +时间状语（从句），these days, so far, up to now, in the last / past few years等。
This class have been taught by Mr. Brown for two years.His Chinese has been improved a lot since he came to China.JK R owling’s novels have been translated into many foreign languages so far.②表示某被动动作对现在造成的影响或结果，常与already, yet, just, ever, never, recently等连用。
被动语态的构成及用法
被动语态的构成及用法被动语态是英语中一个常用的语法结构，它用来表达动作的承受者，而不是执行者。
在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，而动作的执行者则通常用介词"by"短语来表示或省略不表达。
被动语态的构成主要由以下几个要素组成：动词的过去分词形式、助动词"be"的适当形式和执行者（可省略）。
一、形成被动语态的助动词：1. 现在时态：- am/is/are + 过去分词- 例如：The book is written by him.（这本书是他写的。
）2. 过去时态：- was/were + 过去分词- 例如：The letter was sent yesterday.（这封信昨天被发送了。
）3. 现在完成时态：- has/have been + 过去分词- 例如：The house has been painted by a professional painter.（这栋房子已被专业画家粉刷。
）4. 过去完成时态：- had been + 过去分词- 例如：By the time we arrived, the food had been eaten.（我们到达时，食物已经被吃完了。
）5. 将来时态：- will be + 过去分词- 例如：The project will be completed by the end of the month.（这个项目将在本月底完成。
）二、被动语态的用法：1. 当执行者不确定或不需要强调时，常用被动语态。
- 例如：The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。
）2. 如果动作的执行者已经明确或可以通过上下文推测出来，也可以在被动语态中明确表示。
- 例如：The cake was made by my mother.（这个蛋糕是我妈妈做的。
）3. 在科学或学术写作中常用被动语态以强调被动的重要性。
- 例如：The experiment was conducted by a team of researchers.（这个实验是由一个研究团队进行的。
英语被动语态知识点总结讲解
英语被动语态知识点总结讲解英语的被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要的知识点，它的使用在英语的日常生活和商务场合中都很常见。
本篇文章将详细讲解英语中被动语态的构成、用法以及一些需要注意的地方。
构成英语中的被动语态的构成由“be”动词+过去分词组成，且需要注意的是，这里的“be”动词需要根据时态的不同而变化。
例如：•现在时态：am/is/are+过去分词•过去时态：was/were+过去分词•将来时态：will be+过去分词•现在完成时态：has/have been+过去分词•过去完成时态：had been+过去分词下面是一些示例：•主动语态：I ate a hamburger.（我吃了一个汉堡包。
）•被动语态：A hamburger was eaten by me.（一个汉堡包被我吃了。
）•主动语态：Tom is fixing the car.（汤姆正在修理车子。
）•被动语态：The car is being fixed by Tom.（车子正在被汤姆修理。
）•主动语态：The company will hire new employees.（公司将要招聘新员工。
）•被动语态：New employees will be hired by the company.（新员工将被公司招聘。
）用法英语中的被动语态虽然不像其他语言中那样常用，但在英语的日常生活中或者商务场合中，还是经常使用到的。
它主要的用法如下：1. 强调动作的承受者当我们需要强调动作的承受者时，就可以使用被动语态。
例如：•主动语态：Tom wrote the report.（Tom写了这个报告。
）•被动语态：The report was written by Tom.（这个报告是Tom写的。
）通过以上的例子，我们可以看到，在被动语态中，动作的承受者已经被强调了。
2. 强调动作的执行者当我们需要强调动作的执行者时，可以使用被动语态的反义词“get”语态即“get+过去分词”。
2024年中考英语一轮复习被动语态的构成用法注意点考点总结(讲义)
2024届九年级中考英语一轮复习【语法专题】被动语态的构成、用法注意点考点总结（讲义）九年级英语教研室整理两种语态英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（The Active Voice）和被动语态（The Passive Voice）。
什么是主动语态和被动语态？主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
各种被动语态的构成1.一般现在时态的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时态的被动语态：was /were +动词的过去分词3、情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be +动词的过去分词4.一般将来时态的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时态的被动语态：have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.过去完成时态的被动语态：had been+动词的过去分词7.现在进行时态的被动语态：am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词主动语态变被动语态【背诵口诀】宾语变主语，主语变宾语，谓语动词变be done ,主动被动时态不变化。
【注意】❤️1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
❤️2.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
同步训练：1.I broke the glass just now.2.Cats usually eat mice.3.Thousands of people plant many trees every year.4.Students have not cleaned the classroom yet.5.Eric shared his delicious cakes with his friends.6.Mo Yan will write a new book in three years.7.My father played cards on the Internet this morning．8.Workers have built two plastic factories so far ．9.He gave me an EnglishEnglish dictionary．【两种】10.He speaks a liitle English and French．11.We saw the teacher enter the classroom happily．12.His jokes made the girl laugh．13.We should take care of the old men well．14.She has run out of her money．15.You must turn off the light before going to bed．参考答案1. The glass was broken just now by me.2. Mice are usually eaten by cats.3.Many trees are planted by thousands of people every year.4.The classroom has not been cleaned yet by students.5.His delicious cakes were shared with his friends by Eric.6.A new book will be written in three years by Mo Yan.7.Cards were played on the Internet by my father this morning．8.Two plastic factories have been built by workers so far．9.（1）I was given an EnglishEnglish dictionary by him．（2）An EnglishEnglish dictionary was given to me by him．10.A little English and French are spoken by him.11.The teacher was seen to enter the classroom happily by us．12.The girl was made to laugh by his jokes．13.The old men should be taken care of well by us.14.Her money has been run out of by her.15.The light must be turned off before going to bed by you．特殊情况被动语态（1)带双宾语的被动语态动词+ sb(间接宾语) +sth(直接宾语)背诵口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。
被动语态的构成与正确使用方式
被动语态的构成与正确使用方式被动语态是英语语法中的重要一环，它在表达中起到了重要的作用。
正确使用被动语态可以使句子更加灵活，表达更加准确。
本文将介绍被动语态的构成和正确使用方式。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词be的不同时态形式加上过去分词构成。
具体来说，以下是各个时态的被动语态构成方式：1. 现在时态主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词例如：主动语态：The cat chases the mouse.被动语态：The mouse is chased by the cat.2. 过去时态主语 + was/were + 过去分词例如：主动语态：She wrote a letter.被动语态：A letter was written by her.3. 现在完成时态主语 + has/have been + 过去分词例如：主动语态：I have painted the fence.被动语态：The fence has been painted by me.4. 过去完成时态主语 + had been + 过去分词例如：主动语态：They had finished the project.被动语态：The project had been finished by them.5. 将来时态主语 + will be + 过去分词例如：主动语态：They will plant trees.被动语态：Trees will be planted by them.二、正确使用被动语态的方式1. 强调动作的接受者而不是执行者被动语态在强调动作的接受者时特别有用。
通过使用被动语态，我们可以突出强调被动方的重要性或影响力。
主动语态：They built the Great Wall.被动语态：The Great Wall was built by them.2. 省略执行动作的主体或者不知道执行动作的主体当执行动作的主体不重要或者不知道时，被动语态是非常有用的。
现在完成时态的被动语态用法例说
现在完成时态的被动语态用法例说现在完成时态的被动语态是被动语态中的重点。
本文拟从现在完成时态的被动语态的类型及常见错误的角度，对其用法进行归纳、总结和整理。
一、现在完成时态的被动语态类型[例1] Paper money________for over a thousand years.A. usedB. has been usedC. has usedD. is using[析] 主语和谓语是被动关系，而且时间状语是一个时间段，根据题意，谓语动词所要表示动作可能还要继续下去，符合现在完成时，所以应该是现在完成时的被动式。
答案是B。
[例2] -We want to sit at the table near the window. -I'm sorry，but it________already.A. has takenB. tookC. was takenD. has been taken[析] 从题干中的答语知道，座位已经有人坐了，说明结果。
所以应该用现在完成时的被动式。
答案是D。
[例3] -________the letter________to Mr Black?-No. It's still on the desk.A. Has; givenB. Will; be givenC. Was; givenD. Has; been given[析] 此题是一道问答情景题。
问话人想知道的是动作的结果，所以应该是现在完成时的被动式。
其疑问式是把这一结构中的助动词have或has提前，所以正确答案为是D。
[例4] -How long________at this job?-Since 1990.A. were you employedB. have you been employedC. had you been employedD. will you be employed[析] how long 引导的是一个特殊疑问句，从how long和 since 1990我们可以确定应该是现在完成时，再从意义上看，应该使用被动语态，所以答案应该是B。
被动语态的不同时态
被动语态的不同时态被动语态是英语中常用的一种句子结构，在被动语态中，主语是动作的承受者，而动作的执行者则成为句子的宾语。
根据句子所述的动作发生的时间，被动语态可以使用不同的时态来表达。
本文将探讨被动语态在不同时态下的使用方法和语法规则。
一、现在时态在现在时态的被动语态中，使用be动词的现在形（am/is/are）+过去分词的形式来构成。
例如：1. The letter is written by Tom.（这封信是汤姆写的。
）2. The cake is being baked by my mom.（这个蛋糕正在被我妈妈烘焙。
）二、过去时态在过去时态的被动语态中，使用be动词的过去形（was/were）+过去分词的形式。
例如：1. The house was built last year.（这个房子是去年建的。
）2. The movie was watched by millions of people.（这部电影被数百万人观看了。
）三、将来时态在将来时态的被动语态中，使用will be +过去分词的形式来构成。
例如：1. The work will be finished by tomorrow.（这项工作将在明天之前完成。
）2. The report will be presented by our team.（这份报告将由我们团队提交。
）四、现在完成时态在现在完成时态的被动语态中，使用have been +过去分词的形式。
例如：1. The book has been read by many students.（这本书已经被很多学生阅读了。
）2. The project has been completed ahead of schedule.（这个项目提前完成了。
）五、过去完成时态在过去完成时态的被动语态中，使用had been +过去分词的形式。
例如：1. The car had been repaired before it broke down again.（这辆车在再次出故障之前已经修好了。
form主被动用法
form主被动用法被动语态是英语中的一种语法形式，被动形式的句子将动作的接受者放在主语的位置，而动作的执行者则放在句子的谓语或介词短语中，从而强调动作的接受者或表达一种被动的状态。
被动语态在表达不知道实施者或者强调动作发生而不关心执行者等情况下非常有用。
本文将详细探讨被动语态的构造、用法以及相关参考内容。
一、被动语态的构造被动语态的构造一般为be动词（am/is/are/was/were）加上动词的过去分词。
根据时态的不同，be动词的形式也会随之变化。
1. 现在时态被动语态：am/is/are + 过去分词例句：The book is read by Mary.（这本书被玛丽读了。
）2. 过去时态被动语态：was/were + 过去分词例句：The car was repaired by him.（这辆车被他修了。
）3. 将来时态被动语态：will be + 过去分词例句：The letter will be delivered tomorrow.（这封信明天会送出。
）4. 现在完成时态被动语态：has/have been + 过去分词例句：The job has been finished by them.（这项工作已经被他们完成了。
）5. 过去完成时态被动语态：had been + 过去分词例句：The report had been submitted before the deadline.（这份报告在截止日期之前已经被提交了。
）二、被动语态的用法1. 强调动作的接受者：通过将被动结构句子中的接受者放在主语的位置，可以让动作的接受者成为句子的焦点。
例句：The cake was eaten by the children.（这个蛋糕被孩子们吃了。
）2. 忽略动作的执行者：有时我们并不关心谁执行了动作，而只关注动作本身的结果。
例句：The window was broken.（窗户被打破了。
现在完成时和被动语态
现在完成时1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.3.基本结构：have/has + done4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.5.一般疑问句：have或has提前对于初接触现在完成时的人来说，往往会产生一种茫然，因为它似乎与一般过去时相似。
那就是，这两种时态描述的动作都始于过去。
其实不然，现在完成时主要表示，发生在过去的动作延续到现在刚刚完成、或许还要延续；侧重于这个动作对现在带来的结果、产生的影响、积累的总和等等。
而一般过去时则只不过是表示动作发生在过去的什么时候。
弄清了这一区别，就很容易理解现在完成时了。
它主要适用于下面的几种情况：1）表示截止现在业已完成的动作By now, I have collected all the data that I need .到现在为止，我已收集到了我所需的全部资料。
She has read 150 pages today .她今天已看了150页。
2）表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作Have you had your dinner? 你吃晚饭了吗？3）表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能还要延续It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了。
1)一个句子应该用什么时态只能取决于它需要表达的意思，以及它所处的语言环境。
例如：He speaks English .（一般现在时，说明动作发生的经常性。
）He spoke English when he was in New Zealand .（一般过去时，说明动作发生的时间。
）He is speaking English.（现在进行时，说明动作正在进行。
现在完成时与被动语态
1.现在完成式的概念：现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，其结果对现在有影响。
例如：tom has gone out（go的动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。
）2.延续性动词可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用；非延续性动词动词则不可以。
正确说法：the traIn has been In the statIon for tWo hours。
错误说法：the traIn has stopped In the statIon for tWo hours。
延续性动词定义：动作有持续性，可以持续一段时间。
例如lIve（居住）就可以lIve一年两年例词：lIsten，plaY，raIn，Work非延续性动词动作在短时间内结束，不能延续。
例如marrY（结婚）就不能marrY一年两年。
arrIve，begIn，borroW，fInsIh3.现在完成时的构成：（1）have（has）+过去分词：tom has gone out（2）现在完成时的否定和疑问形式：否定形式在has，have后加not；疑问形式将has和have 提前：has tom gone out（3）过去分词的概念及其变化形式：概念：它和现在形式时中的“动词的Ing形式”一样，只是英语中表达时态的一种固定形式。
变化形式：大多数动词的过去分词的外形和动词的过去式是完全一样的。
只有那些不规则变化的动词，它们的过去分词和过去式才会不一样。
现在完成时讲解1 构成方式构成：主语（第一、二人称单复数）＋have主语（第三人称复数）＋have主语（第三人称单数）＋has ＋过去分词2 基本用法1) 表示过去发生或已完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果，强调的是这个影响或结果，常同already, just, yet等状语连用例：I have just turned off the light. 我刚刚把灯关上。
（结果是灯已经关上了）She has lost her bike. 她把自行车丢了。
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现在完成时态专练句型转换：1. He has already gone home.He _________ __________ home ____________. (否定句)____________ he __________ home ___________? (一般疑问句)2. He has lunch at home.3.He __________ _____________ lunch at home. (否定句)____________ he __________ lunch at home? (一般疑问句)3. He has been there twice.__________ __________ ________ __________ he been there? (划线提问)4. I have lunch at school.__________ __________ you ____________ lunch? (划线提问)用since和for填空1. ______ two years2._______ two years ago3. _______ last month4.______ 19995._______ yesterday6. _______ 4 o’clock7. ______ 4 hours8._______ an hour ago9. _______ we were children 10. _____ lunch time 11.______ she left here12. He has lived in Nanjing ________ the year before last.13.I’ve known him __________ we were children.14. Our teacher has studied Japanese _________ three years.15. She has been away from the city ___________ about ten years.16.It’s about ten years __________ she left the city.用适当的时态填空：1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them __________ _________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.3.Both of them __________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.4. Half an hour __________ _________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).5. Mary________ ________(lose) her pen. ____________ you ______________ (see) it here and there?6. _____________ you ____________ (find) your watch yet?7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________ just _____________ (have) some orange.8. We _____________already ______________ (return) the book.9. ___________ they ____________ (build) a new school in the village?10. I __________ ________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?11. My father _______ _________(read) the novel twice.12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.14. My father _________ _________ (read) this book since yesterday.三、用 have/has been to/in, have gone to 及 go to形式填空。
1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country yesterday.2) David ________ the park just now.4) How long _____ he _____ _____ this village?5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for 5 years.6) _____ you ever ______ ______ America? -- Yes, I _____ _______ there many times.7) I _____ ______ _______this school since three years ago.8) Where is Jim? He _____ ______ the farm since I came here.9) When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago.10) Would you like to _____ the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I _____ there before.11) Where _____ you _____ now? --- I ____ the zoo.12) He often _____ swimming.13) _____ you ______ there last year?14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter? 延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化1.He died 10 years ago. ---- He ______________ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. ------- He _____________the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. ------ He ___________the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. ------ He ____________here since three days ago.6. He left here 2 years ago. ------- He ____________from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. ------ The film __________ for 30 minutes.9. They closed the door an hour ago. -------- The door ___________for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. He _____________ the army for a year.一、单项选择。
1、—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes . I _____ itA.Did do finishedB.Have done finishedC.Have done have finishedD.will do finish2、 His father ______ the Party since 1978 . A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has been in3.Do you know him well ? — Sure .We _________ friends since ten years ago .A. wereB. have beenC. have becomeD. have made4.When he arrived at the bus stop, the bus _____ for 20 minutes.A. has leftB. had leftC. has been awayD. had been away5、 I ______ the League for 5 years so far. A. joined B. have joined C. have been in6.The factory ____ since the February of 1988.A . has been open B. has opened C. was open D. opened7.Mary and Rose ____friends since they met in 2000.A. have madeB. have beenC. madeD. have become8、The meeting _____ for a week now.A. has finishedB. has endedC. has been over9.Miss Gao ______ this school for nearly 5 years. A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught10、 How long _______ he ________ ? A. did;died B. has, died C. has, been dead11、 He ______ at eight yesterday afternoon. A. slept B. was sleeping C. has sleep D. had slept12、He ________ the car for a week. A. bought B. has bought C. has had13、-----How long _____ you _____ ill ? -----Two weeks. A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14、I'll lend you the book , but you can only _____ it for 2 days. A. borrow B. keep C. take15.----- How long can I ______ the book? ------ Two weeks. A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep 16.The famou s writer _____ one new book in the past two year .Ａ. is writing Ｂ.was writing Ｃ.wrote Ｄ.has written17、Have you met Mr. Li ____？Ａ. Just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ.a moment ago18、—How long have you ____ here ? —About two months .Ａ. been Ｂ. gone Ｃ. come Ｄ. arrived19、—Our country ____ a lot so far . —Yes. I hope it will be even ______ .Ａ. has changed well Ｂ. changed good Ｃ. has changed better Ｄ. changed; better20、—______ you ___ your homework yet ?—Yes. I _____ it a moment ago.Ａ.Did; do; finished Ｂ.Have; done; finished Ｃ.Have; done; have finished Ｄ. will; do; finish21.We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .Ａ. know Ｂ. had known Ｃ. have known Ｄ. knew22、Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ twice. Ａ. will see Ｂ. have seen Ｃ. saw Ｄ.see23、—These farmers have been to the United States . —Really? When _____ there ?Ａ. will they go Ｂ.did they go Ｃ. do they go Ｄ. have they gone24.Zhou Lang ______already ______in this school for two years .Ａ. was studying Ｂ. will study Ｃ. has studied Ｄ. are; studying25、 His father _____ the Party since 1998 . Ａ.joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in26.Do you know him well ? — Sure .We ______ friends since ten years ago .Ａ. were Ｂ. have been Ｃ. have become Ｄ. have made27、He has ___ been to Shanghai, has he ? Ａ. already Ｂ.never Ｃ.ever Ｄ. still28.Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes .Ａ. has begun Ｂ. had begun Ｃ. has been on Ｄ. began29、 It ___ ten years since he left the army . Ａ. Is Ｂ. has been Ｃ. will Ｄ. was30、 Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library.Ａ.has gone Ｂ. went Ｃ.will go Ｄ. has been31.My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been32、The students have cleaned the classroom, ____?A. so theyB. don’t theyC. have theyD. haven’t they33._______ has Mr. White been a member of Greener China since he _______ to China?A. How soon, comesB. How often, gotC. How long, cameD. How far, arrived34.His uncle _______ for more than 9 years.A. has come hereB. has started to workC. has lived thereD. has left the university被动语态专项练习请写出被动语态的基本结构：________________________________A.一般现在时的被动语态结构：is /am/are +及物动词的过去分词+其它+by sb. 1．Football--------（play）all over the world。