高考语法填空《常考词性转化》

一、动词变名词1.v+ ment 结尾achieve 实现—achievement 成就advertise 广告—advertisement 广告adjust 调整—adjustment 调整agree 同意—agreement 协议（反) disagreement amuse 逗..乐—amusement 娱乐argue 争吵—argument争吵去e加ment arrange 安排—arrangement 安排assign 分配—assignment 任务astonish使惊讶—astonishment 惊讶attach附属—attachment 附属物appoint任命—appointment 预约commit保证；承诺—commitment 承诺；奉献develop 发展—development 发展equip 装备—equipment 装备，器材govern 统治—government 政府manage 管理—management 经营管理improve 提高—improvement改善，提高move 移动—movement 运动require要求—requirement 要求pay支付—payment 支付2．以tion/sion 结尾的名词attract吸引—attraction 有吸引力的事或人admit 承认；允许—admissionadapt （使）适应—adaptation 改编assume—assumption 假设；假想consume—consumption 消费；消耗conserve—conservation 保护；保存express 表达—expression 词语；表达方式educate—education教育confuse –confusion困惑cooperate 合作—cooperation 合作conclude 总结—conclusion 结论compete—competition 竞争，比赛construct—construction 建设hesitate—hesitation 犹豫decide—decision 决定describe—description 描述direct指导—direction方向discuss—discussion graduate 毕业—graduation imagine-imagination impress 给…留下印象—impression 印象invent 发明—invention发明instruct 说明;指导—instruction 指导;介绍invite—invitation邀请introduce—introduction 介绍operate 操作；动手术—operation 操作organize—organizationrecognize—recognition 辨别；认出pollute 污染—pollution 污染realize—realization 实现permit 允许—permission produce—production 生产suggest—suggestion建议solve解决—solution 解决方法3．以ance 结尾的名词allow 允许—allowance津贴；补贴annoy v.打扰；使烦恼—annoyance 恼怒attend—attendance 出席rely—reliance 依赖accept—acceptance 接受assist—assistance 帮助；协助appear呈现;出现—appearance 外貌，出现disappear 消失—disappearancedisturb干扰-- disturbance n 扰乱guide 指导；导游—guidance 指导;指引insure给…买保险—insurance 保险perform表演----performance 表演；表现persevere 坚持— perseverance n 坚持不懈4. V.+ence 变为名词exist—existence 存在differ—difference不同influence v.—influence影响（特例）refer—reference 参考prefer—preference 偏爱occur—occurrence 发生5 +ee /er 变为名词interview 采访—interviewee 受访者—interviewer 采访者（记者）train培训—trainee学员—trainer 教练employ 雇佣—employee 雇员—employer 雇主pay—payee n. 收款人–payer 付款人；交款人6. + ing 变为名词begin—beginning 开端end 结束—ending 结尾，结局draw—drawing 绘画；制图feel—feeling 感觉；情绪mean—meaning 意思；意义meet—meetingpaint—painting 油画say— saying 谚语suffer—suffering 遭难；苦难train—training 训练特例：belong—belongingssave—savingssurround—surroundings7.以al结尾的名词arrive—arrival 到达approve—approval 支持；赞同disapprove—disapproval 反对remove—removal 移除propose—proposal 建议survive—survival 幸存withdraw—withdrawal 取钱；撤退8. –ness 变名词aware—awareness 意识calm—calmness 冷静careless—carelessness 粗心homesick—homesickness 想家thick—thickness 厚度tired—tiredness 劳累；疲惫sadness kindness goodness 善良；良好friendliness 友善happiness weakness 9. 其他变化beg(乞讨)—beggar 乞丐lie—liar 说谎者believe—belief 信仰relieve缓解—relief 宽慰；安心fail—failure 失败expose—exposure 暴露press 按，压—pressure 压力please—pleasure 乐趣mix 混合—mixture 混合物behave 行为；举止—behavior 行为choose—choice 选择fly飞—flight 飞行serve— service 服务sit 坐—seat 座位succeed—success 成功pursue—pursuit 追求complain—complaint 抱怨；投诉explain—explanation 解释explore—exploration 探险explode –explosion 爆炸expect—expectation 期待；期盼二、名词变形容词1名词+y anger 生气—angry 生气的hunger—hungry guilt 罪恶—guilty 内疚的health—healthy greed n.贪心—greedy贪婪的luck—lucky fun—funny 滑稽的；搞笑的wealth—wealthy 富有的sun—sunny cloud—cloudy wind—windy rain—rainy fog—foggy 有雾的snow—snowy2．名词+ ful/lesssuccess—successfulmeaning—meaningful 有意义的care—careful小心的/ careless 粗心的help—helpful 有帮助的helpless 无助的home—homeless 无家可归的color—colorfulpain 疼痛—painful 痛苦/ painless无痛的use—useless/ useful plenty—plentiful 丰富的thank—thankful 充满感激的wonder—wonderful 精彩的power—powerful peace—peaceful beauty—beautiful wonder—wonderful help—helpful faith—faithful 忠诚的shame—shameful 可耻的thank—thankful3．名词或动词+ ableaccept—acceptable adjust--adjustable advise—advisable 明智的comfort—comfortable reason—reasonablechange—changeable value--valuable knowledge—knowledgeable replace—replaceable affordable 付得起的4.名词+ ousdanger—dangerous courage—courageous fame—famous envy—envious 嫉妒的glory—glorious 光荣的特例：anxiety—anxious 焦虑的curiosity— curious 好奇的generosity—generous 慷慨的society—social 社会的variety—various 多种多样的A variety of +名/ various+名5.以-tive结尾attract—attractive 迷人的；吸引人的defend—defensive 防御性的construct—constructive 建设性的effect—effective 有效的instruct—instructive 有教育意义的prevent—preventive 预防性的produce—productive 多产的sense—sensitive 敏感的talk—talkative 健谈的6. 名+ al结尾addition—additional 附加的agriculture—agricultural 农业的culture—cultural 文化的environment—environmental 环境的form 表格—formal 正式的music—musical 音乐的nation—national 国家的nature—natural 自然的origin起源—original 起初的；原创的person—personal (私人的) tradition—traditional 传统的7. ce 变tconfidence—confident convenience—convenient 方便的difference—differentevidence 证据—evident 明显的importance—importantpatience—patientsilence—silentsignificance—significant 有重大意义的8．名词+ lybrother—brotherly 情同手足的friend—friendly 友好的live—lively 活跃的，生动的love—lovely 可爱的man—manly 男子气概的order—orderly 有秩序的time—timely 及时的lonely孤独的deadly 致命的9. 其他fool 傻子—foolish 愚蠢的childish 孩子气的freedom 自由—free 空的，免费的boredom 乏味— bored 感到无聊的wisdom智慧—wiseheight 高度—high strength—strongillness 疾病—ill love—loving 慈爱的pleasure—pleasant /pleasing / pleasedexperienced 有经验的advanced 先进的；高级的pleased 高兴的interested 有趣的excited 兴奋的disappointed 失望的近三年常考的形容词ashamed 惭愧的accurate精确的acceptable—（反）unacceptable 不可接受的amusing有趣的,逗笑的amazing令人惊异的attractive有吸引力的annoying讨厌的,烦人的anxious担心的;急切的accessible容易得到的;易到达的available 可利用的brilliant聪明的brief简略的casual随意的;漫不经心的complicated复杂的curious好奇的delighted 高兴的,愉快的–delightful 令人愉快的discouraged沮丧的determined坚决的,坚定的energy 能量—energetic精力充沛的extraordinary非同寻常的generous慷慨的instructive有教育意义的independent独立的infrequent不经常的instant立即的impatient不耐烦的modest谦虚的negative否定的;消极的vulnerable 易受攻击的,有弱点的三、形容词变副词1．形容词+ lybad—badly clear—clearly 清楚地complete—completely 完全final—finally 最后fortunate—fortunate ly幸运地lucky—luck i ly 幸运地general—generally 一般来讲immediate—immediatelylate 迟的—lately 最近；近来main adj. 主要的—mainly 主要地particular 特殊的，独特的—particularly 独特地special—specially 专门，特殊地2. 以ble,ple,tle 结尾的形容词, 去e + ycapable–capably 能干地comfortable—comfortably gentle—gently 温柔地incredible–incredibly 难以置信地simple –simply 仅仅；简单地possible—possibly probable—probably reasonable—reasonably 合理地responsible–responsibly 负责地terrible—terribly 糟糕地sensible—sensibly 明智地3. 辅音字母+ y 结尾, 把y变i+lyangry—angrily easy—easily heavy—heavily happy—happily lucky—luckily merry—merrily noisy—noisily特例1：dry—dryly 干燥地shy—shyly 害羞地sly—slyly 狡猾地特例2：true—truly whole—whollyfull—fully dull— dully4. 以ic 结尾的+allyenergetic—energetically 充满活力地automatic—automatically 自动地scientific—scientifically 科学地economic—economically 经济地basic—basically 基础地，基本地特例：public― publicly 公共地5. 形容词与副词同形fast—fast early—earlyhard—hard late—latefar—far alone—alone6. 意义有别的同根副词close 接近；紧挨着——closely 仔细地；紧密地deep 深入地—deeply 深深地free 免费地——freely 随便不拘束地hard 努力地;猛烈地——hardly 几乎不high 在高处——highly 高度地；非常just 恰好；仅仅—— justly 公正地late 迟;晚—— lately 最新地;最近地near 在附近——nearly 几乎；差不多pretty 很；非常—— prettily 漂亮地；优美地shortly 不久（soon）；简短地wide 广阔地；充分地—widely 广泛地；普遍地。