12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题

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2019年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(5)

2019年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(5)Being Objective on Climate Changest week，Craig Rucker,a climate-change skeptic and the executive director of a nonprofit organization called the Committee for a Constructive Tomorrow(CFACT)，tweeted a quotation supposedly taken from a 1922 edition of the Washington Post：“Within a fe w years it is predicted due to ice melt the sea will rise＆make most coastal cities uninhabitable．”The intent，of course，was to poke fun at current headlines about climate change．B.Rucker’s organization is a member ofthe Cooler Heads Coalition，an umbrella organization operated by the Competitive Enterprise Institute，a nonprofit that prides itself on its opposition to environmental ists．Rucker himself is part of a network of bloggers，op-cd writers，and policy-shop executives who argue that climate change iseither a hoax or all example of left-wing hysteria．Surfacing old newspaper clips is one of their favorite games．They also make substantive arguments about climate policy,but the sniping may be more effective．There is no strongerrhetorical tool than ridicule．C.In this case，Ruckcr’s ridicule seems misplaced．After spending a few minutes poking around online，1 was able to find both the Washington Post article and the longer SourCe material that it came from—a weather report issued by the U．S．consul in Bergen，Norway,and sent to the State Department on october 1 0，1 922．The report didn’t say anything about coasts being inundated．This isn’tsurprising．Scientists wete smart back then，too,and they knew that melting sea ice wouldn’t appreciably raise sea levels．any more than a melting ice cube raises the level of water in a glass．D.Rucker ultimately corrected his tweet once commenters pointed out the misquote．Through Twitter,he informed me that he had taken the line from a Washington Times op—ed by Richard Rahn，a senior fellow at the Cato Institute．When I contacted Rahn’s office．a press representative acknowledged that Rahn had copied the quote from other bloggers and columnists；the fabricated sentence appears in articles at reason．corn and texasgopvote．corn．The fabricated line seems to have been inserted around 2011．but the original article has been circulating online since 2007．E. The statement about rising sea levels aside，1 922 really was a strange period in the Svalbard archipelago．the area described by the weather report．The islands lie halfway between Norway and the North Pole,at a latitude that puts them several hundred miles farther north thanBarrow,alaska．“The Arctic seems to be warming up．”the report read．In August of that year,a geologist near the island of Spitsbergen sailed as far north as eighty-one degrees．twenty．nine minutes in ice-free water．This was highly unusual．The previous several summers had likewise been warrn．Seal populations had moved farther north，and formerly unseen stretches of coast were now accessible．F.What are we to take from this historical evidence?A central tenet for Rucker and his colleagues is mat today’s sea．ice retreat。

12月大学英语四级考试阅读匹配习题

12月大学英语四级考试阅读匹配习题12月大学英语四级考试阅读匹配习题英语四级阅读是一个考验理解能力的部分，但是又是最容易涨分的一个部分，只要童鞋们平时多做练习多记一些常用词汇或者多掌握一些技巧，就可以取得高分啦。

以下是yjbys网店铺整理的关于大学英语四级考试阅读匹配习题，供大家备考。

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读Paper--More than Meets the EyeA) We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades.B) It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card.C) Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses or which papyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of these are very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood andcotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based.Paper from WoodD) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful machinery and then boiled with strong alkalies such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add bleach and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals.E) A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something called lignin. This is essential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paper back books will have a life of not greater than fifty years. Not what we need for our archives.F) Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left in the paper?" The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications.G) It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going to be more expensive, but that is nevertheless what the archivist must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever in carefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to hasten their demise. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and is some cases simply vanish!H) So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable? You cannot do it by simply looking, and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously.I) Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such as bleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will guarantee the material that they sell. If you want to be absolutely sure that you are storing in, or printing on, the correct material then this is probably the only way.J) Incidentally, acids can migrate from material to material. Lining old shoe boxes with good quality acid-free paper will do little to guard the contents. The acid will get there in the end.Paper from RagK) Paper is also commonly made from cotton and rag waste. This has the advantage of being lignin-free, but because there is much less cotton and rag than trees, it also tends to be much more expensive than wood pulp paper. You will still need to purchase from a reliable source though, since even rag paper andcard can contain undesirable additives.L) A reliable source for quality rag papers is a recognized art stockiest. Many water color artists insist on using only fine quality rag paper and board.M) The main lesson to learn from this information is that you cannot rely on purchasing archival materials from the high street. The only safe solution is to purchase from specialist suppliers. It may cost rather more, but in the end you will know that your important and valuable data and images have the best home possible.1. The corn-flake packet is cheaper than high grade card.2. There are a lot of materials which can be used for making paper, but the superiority ones are soft wood, cotton and rags.3. During the whole manufacturing process, the final product is made from a pulp of cellulose fibres.4. In order to make white paper and card, the makers will add bleach.5. Liguin is essential for the tree but it will make paper easy to break.6. Many paper producers will preserve lignin during manufacture, because leaving the lignin will make more paper from a tree.7. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials.8. If the lignin is removed from the paper, the paper will be more expensive.9. Although free of lignin, paper made from cotton and rag waste can also cost more money than wood pulp paper because there is much less cotton and rag than trees.10. What we can learn from "Paper from Rag" is that you had better buy archival materials from specialist suppliers.文章精要：本文主要介绍了我们平常所见所用的纸的复杂性，通过介绍用木头和破布料造纸的过程，使我们对纸的类别、属性有了更深入的'了解。

2019年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(4)

2019年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(4)Here’s the Totally Amazing Wonder Material That Could Revolutionize TechnologyA.In the technology industry,every new product or service seems to come with the promise that it is an innovation with the potential to change theworld．Graphene(石墨烯)，a form of carbon，might actually do just that．B.“Graphene is a wonderful material，”Jeanie Lau，a professor of physics at the University of California at Riverside，told Fortune．“It conducts heat 10 times better than copper and electricity 100 times better than silicon，is transparent like plastic，extremely lightweight,extremely strong,yet flexible and elastic．In the past decade，it has taken the scientific and technology communities by storm，and has become the most promising electronic material to supplement or replace silicon．”C.Graphene has already found its way into a number of compelling applications，Lau said．For instance，“since itis both transparent and electrically conductive—two attributes rarely found in the same material in nature—it has tremendous potential as the transparent electrode in monitors．displays；solar cells，and touch screens，”she explained．“Companies such as Samsung that invest heavily in this area have already secured patents，produced prototypes，and are expected to bring products to market in a few years．”Wearable electronic devices，aviation components，broadband photodetectors(光电检测器)，radiation-resistantcoatings，sensors，and energy storage are among numerous other areas of active research．Lau said．D.For many researchers and investors，the ultimate application is graphene-based transistors，the building blocks of modem electronics．But getting there may take some time．A child of graphiteE.First produced in a lab back in 2004，graphene is essentially a single layer of pure carbon atoms bonded together in a honeycomb lattice so thin it’s actually considered two-dimensional．“We generally regard anything less than 10 layers of graphene as graphene；otherwise，it’s graphite，”said Aravind Vijayaraghavan，a lecturer in nanomaterials at the University of Manchester．F.Even“graphene”is a bit of an umbrella term．“To oversimplify,there are two major types of graphene，”Michael Patterson，CEO of Graphene Frontiers，said．The first：“Nanoplatelets，”which are powders or flakes made from graphite．These have been around for a while and are“not really super-sexy,”Patterson said．“You mix them into polymers(聚合物)or inks or rubbers to make them conductive．”In flake form，graphene is already on its way to becoming a commodity,Patterson added．The other type—in sheet or film form—is where graphene’s biggest promise lies．Graphene sheets have“incredibl e potential for electronics，”Patterson said．In the near term，that potential may manifest in situations where the quantity requirements are“not that great”and where quality or conductivity doesn’t have to be as high，such as in basictouch-screen applications，he said．Products that use graphene in this way could arrive to market in the next six to 1 2 months．G.Looking a little further out，graphene can be employed in membranes used for water desalination．Lockheed-Martin already has a patented product known as Perforene．“It’s real and it works，but it won’t be economically viable until the product reaches an industrial scale where the cost is measured in pennies per square inch”rather than dollars or tens of dollars per square inch，Patterson explained．“That’s where we’re working today．”‘It’s expensive and low-capacity’H. But use of graphene in semiconductors—the technology’s Holy Grail—is likely a decade away．“Many of the challenges presented by graphene are common to most new materials，”Paul Smith,a patent associate with the Intellectual Property Law Group at Fenwick & West，told Fortune．“The trick is figuring out how to synthesize graphene in a way that first is manufacturable beyond lab scale；second，preserves the desirable properties of the material；and third，can be integrated into a product or technology．”I.Synthesizing graphene in sheet form is considerably more expensive and time-consuming than producing graphene flakes．Whereas the latter typically involves a“quick and dirty”process by which bul k graphite is disassembled into millions of tiny pieces，Lau explained，large sheets of。

2021年12月大学英语四级阅读理解新题型匹配题(附答案和解析)

2021年12月大学英语四级阅读理解新题型匹配题(附答案和解析)Reading prehension (40 minutes)Section B(原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。

篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。

每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。

)Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it、 Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs、 Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived、 You may choose a paragraph more than once、 Each paragraph is marked with a letter、Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2、How to Make Peace with Your Workload[A] Swed (忙碌的),under the gun, just struggling to stay above water、、、; whatever office cliche you employ to depict it, we"ve all been in that situation where wefeel like we might be swallowed up by our workload、Noheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to prevent feeling overwhelmed、 How to make peace with your workload once and for all goes as follows、[B] Get organized、“Clear the deadwood out of your desk and keep your office in shape, which enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that you’ll retrieve the items you do needin a faster and easier fashion,” says Jeff Davidson who works as a work/life expert and writer of more than50 books on workplace issues、“When something can be disposed, let it go, given in reality most of what you retain is replaceable、” Joel Rudy, vice president of operations for Photographic Solutions, with better than thirty years of business management experience, believes that keeping organized is a must、“ Messy work areas are nonproductive in some measure、 Provided that you can"t locate a document or report easily because it’s lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situation,” he says、“Thereby you a re supposed to take the time to tidy up your work areas and keep yourimportant files, manuals and reports in an accessible location, which will maximize your efficiencies、”[C] Make a to-do list, then cover it up、 It may sound weird, but it works, says Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consulting firm、 Carlson urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight items that are a priority、“Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time,” she suggests、“This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will be easy to get overwhelmed if you’re reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page、 Concentrating on a single itemwill make y our tasks appear like they are more doable,” Carlson says、[D] Stop multitasking、 Despite what you may consider multitasking, it’s counterproductive、Unless you’re drinking coffee while scanning your morning e-mails, you’re not saving any time by attemptin g to do ten things at once、“If you find yourself getting tangledin too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involvement,” Rudy says、“Your mindwill wander from one topic to another and you may end up never acplishing a thing、” Rudy remends the best way to stop multitasking is to create priority lists with deadlines、“When applicable, plete one project before you move further on to the next one,” he says、[E ] Set time limits、 Deborah Chaddock-Brown, awork-at-home single pa rent, says she’s frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her residence and running her own business、 Still, she manages to “do it all” by setting a time limit for each task、“I have the type of personality that flits (轻轻地掠过)from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plate,” Brown says、“As a consequence I assign time slots: For the next15 minutes I will participate insocial media for the purpose of marketing my business (not sending photos or playing Farmville)and that is the only thing I am about to do for the next15 minutes、 When the time is up, I move on to the next task、That way, at night I don’t end up with apile of tasks to acplish even though I felt busy all day、”[F ] Talk to your manager、“Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but someone forgot to tell them (that they’re no longer important)、 There are usually clear priorities in the manager’s head; he or she has just not done a great job municating those with the employee,” s ays Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor、Green’s suggestion unfolds in this manner: “If you find yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significant things you are in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss priorities, trade-offs, time mitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop working on or work on less so you can get the right things done、” Green says managers should be willing to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do approach and aren’t just plaining about their workload、[G ] Eliminate time wasters、“If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly,” says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing for Dummies、 Roth proposes the following suggestions to bat disruptions: “Use voice mail to cutdown on telephone interruptions, turn off the alert that says ‘You’ve got an e-mail; and give staff members a set time to visit you、” Justi n Gramm, president of Globella Buyers Realty, exemplifies Roth’s point、“E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a constant interruption, causing me to lose focus on the task at hand,” he says、 Since determined to check his e-mails only twice a day, Gramm says he has bee much more efficient、“If people want to get more work done, they need to stop checking e-mails and get down to business,” he says、[H] Assess your workload before taking on new tasks、“The paradox of today’s work environment is that the more you do, the more that’s expected of you,” Davidson says、 In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities: Is the task aligned (使一致)with your priorities and goals; Are you likely to be as prone to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week; What else could you do that would be more rewarding; What other pressing tasks and responsibilities are you likely to face; Does the otherparty have options other than you; Will he or she be crushed if you say no?[I] Want to know more? Most of our experts remended books for additional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned time and again、 Check out The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People、46、“The more you do, the more you are expected to do” has been a paradox in today’s work environment、47、 As long as employees have a can-do attitude and do not just plain about their workload, the managers would like to help them decide what to do first、48、 As a single parent, Deborah Chaddock-Brown finds it difficult to make a balance between business and housework、49、 There are many useful methods of preventing people from feeling overwhelmed by workload、50、 Messy work areas are nonproductive to some extent, so you are supposed to keep your work areas tidy and important files at hand、51、To know more about how to maximize efficiency, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is remended、52、 In Organizing for Dummies, using voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions and turning off thee-mail notice are suggested in bating interruptions、53、 According to Rudy, the best way to stop multitasking is to make a list of priorities and set deadlines for each task、54、 Focusing on a single matter will make your tasks appear more possible to be done、55、 In fact, most of what people retain is substitutable, so dispose the things that are disposable、答案与解析Section B46、[H]。

2019年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(3).doc

2019 年12 月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(3) World Must Adapt to Unknown Climate FutureA.There is still great uncertainty about the impacts ofclimate change ，according to the latest report from theIntefgovernmental Panel on Climate Change ，released today ．Soif we are to survive and prosper, rather than trying to fendoff specific threats like cyclones ，we must build flexibleand resilient( 有弹性的)societies ．B.Today’s report is the second of three instalments( 分期连载)of the IPCC ’s fifth assessment of climate change ．Thefirst instalment ，released last year,covered the physicalscience of climate change ．It stated with increased certaintythat climate change is happenin9 ，and that it is the resultof humanity ’s greenhouse gas emissions ．The new reportfocuses on the impacts of climate change and how to adapt tothem．The third instalment ，on how to cut greenhouse gasemissions ，comes out in April ．C.The latest report backs off from some of thepredictions made in the previous IPCC report ，in 2007 ．Duringthe final editing process ．the authors also retreated frommany of the more confident projections from the final draft ，leaked last year ．The IPCC now says it often cannot predictwhich specific impacts of climate change —such as droughts ，storms or floods ——will hit particular places ．D.Instead ，the IPCC focuses on how people call adapt inthe face of uncertainty,arguing that we must become resilientagainst diverse changes in the climate ．“The natural humantendency is to want things to be clear and simple ．”says thereport ’s co -chair Chris Field of the Carnegie Institutionfor Science in Stanford ，Califomia ．“And one of the messagesthat doesn ’t just come from the IPCC ，it comes fromhistory,is that the future doesn ’t ever turn out the way youthink it will be ．”That means，Field adds ，that ‘'being prepared for a wide range of possible futures is iust alwayssmart ”．E.Here New Scientist breaks down what is new in thereport ，and what it means for humanity ’s efforts to copewith a changing climate ．A companion article ，“How climate change will affect where you live ”，highlights some of thekey impacts that different regions are facing ．What has changed in the new IPCC report?F.In essence ，the predictions are intentionallyvaguer ．Much of the firlner language from the 2007 reportabout exactly what kind of weather to expect ，and how changes witl affect people ，has been replaced with more cautious statements ．The scale and timing of many regional impacts ，and even the form of some ，now appear uncertain ．G.For example ，the 2007 report predicted that theintensity of cyclones over Asia would increase by 10to 20 percent ．The new report makes no such claim ．Similarly,the lastreport estimated that climate change would force up to aquarter of a billion Africans into water shortage by the endof this decade ．The new report avoids using such firm numbers ．H.The report has even watered down many of the moreconfident predictions that appeared in the lcakeddrafts ．References to “hundreds of millions ”of people being affected by rising sea levels have been removed from thesummary,as have statements about the impact of warmertemperatures on crops ．“I think it's gone back a bit ，”says Jean Palutikof of Griffith University in Brisbane ，Queensland，Australia ，who worked on the 2007 report ．“That may be agood thing ．In the fourth [climate assessment]we tried to dothings that weren ’t really possible and the fifth has sortof rebalanced the whole thing ．”So do we know less than we did before?I.Not really,says Andy Pitman of the University of NewSouth Wales in Sydney,Australia ．It is just more rigorouslanguage ．“Pointing to the sign of the change ，rather thanthe precise magnitude of the change ，is scientifically more defensible ，”he says ．J.We also know more about what we don ’t know,says David Karoly at the University of Melbourne ．“There is now abetter understanding of uncertainties in regional climateproj ections at decadal timescales( 时标) ．”Are we less confident about all the impacts of climate change?K.Not quite ．There are still plenty of confidentpredictions of impacts in the reponv —at least in the draft chapters that were lcaked last year,and which are expected tobe roughly the same when they are released later thisweek．These include more rain in parts ofAfrica ，more heatwaves in southem Europe ，and more frequent droughts inAustralia(see “How climate change will affect where youlive ”) ．It also remains clear that the seas are rising ．How do we prepare in cases in which there is low confidence aboutthe effects of climate change?L.That ’s exactly what this report deals with ．In many cases，the uncertainty is a matter of magnitude ，so the choices are not hard ．“It doesn ’t really matter if the carhits the wall at 70 or 80 kilometres an hour, ”saysKaroly ．“You should still wear your seat belt ．”So when it comes to sea ．1evel rise or heatwaves ，the uncertainty doesnot change what we need to do ：build sea walls ，use efficient cooling and so forth ．M.But in some cases ——such as African rainfall ，which could go up or down ——the models are not giving us greatadvice ．so all we know is that things will change ．“We are not certain about the precise nature of regional change ，but we are absolutely certain there are going to be profoundchanges in many regions ，”says Pitman ．Even then ，there are things we can do that will always help ．A big one is getting people out of poverty ．The report says poverty makes other impacts worse and many suggested adaptations are aboutalleviating it ．The IPCC suggests giving disadvantaged groups more of a voice ，helping them move when they need to and strengthening social safety nets ．N.What’s more，all countries should diversify their economies，rather than relying on a few main sources ofincome that could flood or blow ovel Countries should alsofind ways to become less vulnerable to the current climatevariability ．That means improving the way they govemresources like water,the report says ．O.In short ，we must become more resilient ．That would be wise even if the climate was stable ．Our current infrastructure often cannot deal with the current climate ，says Karoly,pointing to events like the recent UKfloods ．“We don’t have a resilient system now,even in extremely well developed countries ．”46 ．Focusing on the clue of climate change instead of theseverity of climate effects is scientifically more reasonable ．47．IPCC’s new report has removed some of the predictionsthat appeared in the former one released in2007 ．48．One of the lessons both IPCC and history has taught us isthat future never appears as you expect it to be ．49．The IPCC’s latest report has weakened many firmerprojections written in the leaked drafts ．50．The first of IPCC ’s three instalmen ts has focused on the current climate conditions and the main reason for thoseconditions ．51．The most important thing for us to do is to get peoplerich ．52．Sometimes the uncertainty is just about the extent ofclimate effects ，thus the choices ．of what we shoulddoisquite easy ．53．Countries must make their economies varied and improvethe way of controlling the recourses in order to beRer dealwith climate change ．54．The new IPCC report has replaced some more confidentstatements from the 2007 report with more careful expressions ．55．There are still many of firm statements about the climateeffects in the new report ，which are generally the same asthey were in the draft chapters ．4 6．Focusing on the clue of climate change instead of theseverity of climate effects is scientifically morereasonable ．主要集中于气候变化的迹象而不是气候变化带来的影响的严重性，在科学上更有说服力。

2019年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(3)

英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案

英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 1There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed. The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action. 1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.A.if we complete our short-range goalsB.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC.if we write down the datesD.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two yearsB.long-term goalsC.current activitiesD.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final successB.we are overwhelmedC.we should build up confidence of successD.we should strong desire for setting new goals 4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.we had better wait for the exciting news of successD.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB.writing down the dates may discourage youC.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD.every should have a goal答案：adcbc英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 2If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan. Sagan believes that before the earths resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there. Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen andcarbon. When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus. -1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____ a.it might be possible to change its atmosphere b.its atmosphere is the same as the earthsc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______. a.the algae have done their work -b.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题及答案 3Like a needle climbing up a bathroom scale, the number keeps rising. In 1991, 15% of Americans were obese(肥胖的); by 1999, that proportion had grown to 27%. Youngsters, who should have age and activity on their side, are growing larger as well: 19% of Americans under 17 are obese. Waistbands have been popping in other western countries too, as physical activity has declined and diets have expanded. By and large, people in the rich world seem to have lost the fight against flab(松弛).Meanwhile, poorer nations have enjoyed some success in their battles against malnutrition and famine. But, according to research presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, it is more a case of being out of the frying pan and into the fire. The most striking example actually in the poor world comes from the Pacific islands, home of the world’s most obese communities. In 1966, 14% of the men on this island were obese while 100% of men under the age of 30 in 1996 were obese.This increase in weight has been uneven as well as fast. As a result, undernourished and over-nourished people frequently live cheek by jowl(面颊). The mix can even occur within a single household. A study of families in Indonesia found that nearly 10% contained both the hungry and the fat. This is a mysterious phenomenon, but might have something to do with people of different ages being given different amounts of food to eat.The prospect of heading off these problems is bleak. In many affected countries there are cultural factorsto contend with, such as an emphasis on eating large meals together, or on food as a form. ofhospitality.Moreover, there is a good measure of disbelief on the part of policymakers that such a problem Could existin their countries. Add to that reluctance on the part of governments to spend resources on promoting dietand exercise while starvation is still a real threat, and the result is a recipe for inaction. Unless something is done soon, it might not be possible to turn the clock back.英语四级阅读模拟试题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The first sentence of the passage most probably implies that ______.A.many Americans are obsessed with the rising temperature in their bathroomB.more people are overweighed in the United StatesC.people are doing more physical exercises with the help of scalesD.youngsters become taller and healthier thanks to more activities2.As physical exercise declines and diet expands, ______.A.other western countries has been defeated by fatB.obesity has become an epidemic(流行病)of the rich worldC.waistbands begin to be popular in other western countriesD.western countries can no longer fight against obesity3.Which is NOT the point of the example of the Pacific Islands?A.The poor community has shaken off poverty and people are well-fed now.B.Obesity is becoming a problem in the developing world too.C.Excessive weight increase will cause no less harm than the food shortage.D.The problem of overweight emerges very fast.4.Of tackling obesity in the poor world, we can learn from the passage that____A.the matter is so complex as to go beyond our capacityB.no matter what we do, the prospect will always be bleakC.it is starvation, the real threat, that needs to be solvedD.we should take immediate actions before it becomes incurable5.What is the main idea of this passage?A.Obesity is now a global problem that needs tackling.B.The weights increase fast throughout the whole world.C.Obesity and starvation are two main problems in the poor world.D.Obesity has shifted from the rich world to the poor world.英语四级阅读参考答案1.[B] 推理判断题。

2019年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(6)

2019年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题(6)Has a tech entrepreneur come up with a product to replaceour meA.s?A.In December of 2012，three young men were living in a claustrophobic(患幽闭恐惧症的)apartment in San Francisco’s Tenderloin district，working on a technology startup．Theyhad received a hundred and seventy thousand dollars from the incubator Y Combinator．but their project—a plan to make inexpensive cell-phone towers——had failed．Down to theirlast seventy thousand dollars．they resolved to keep tryingout new software ideas until they ran out of money．But howto make the funds last?Rent was a sunk cost．Since they were working frantically,they already had no social life．As they examined their budget，one big problem remained：food．B.They had been living mostly on ramen，com dogs，and Costco frozen quesadillas——supplemented by Vitamin C tablets，to stave ofr scurvy(坏血病)——but the grocery bills were still adding up．Rob Rhinehart，one of the entrepreneurs，began to resent the fact that he had to eat at all．“Foodwas such a large burden，”he told me recently．“It was also the time and the hassle．We had a very small kitchen，and no dishwasher．”He tried out his own version of“Super Size Me．”living on McDonald’s dollar meals and five．dollar pizzas from Little Caesars．But after a week．he said,“Ifelt like l was going to die．”Kale was all the rage——and cheap——so next he tried an all．kale diet．But that did not work，either．“I was starving，”he said．C.Rhinehart，who is twenty-five，studied electrical engineering at Georgia Tech，and he began to consider food as an engineering problem．“You need amino acids(氨基酸)and lipids，not milk itself,”h e said．“You needcarbohydrates(碳水化合物)，not bread．”Fruits and vegetables provide essential Vitamins and minerals．but they’re“mostly water．”He began to think that food was an inefficient way：of geRing what he needed to survive．“It iust seemed like a system th at’s too complex and too expensive and too fragile，”he told me．D.What if he went straight to the law chemical components?He took a break from experimenting with software and studied textbooks on nutrifional biochemistry and the Web sites ofthe F.D．A．,the U．S．D．A．，and the Institute of Medicine．Eventually,Rhinehan compiled a list of thirty-five nutrients required for survival．Then，instead of heading to the grocery store，he ordered them ofr the Intemet--mostlyin powder or pill form——and poured everything into ablender'with some water．The result．a slurry of chemicals，looked like gooey lemonade．Then，he told me，“I started living on it．”E.Rhinehart called his potion Soylent，which，for most people，evokes the 1973 science-fiction film“Soylent Green．”starring Ch arlton Heston．The movie is set in a dystopian future where，because ofoverpopulation and pollution，people live on mysterious wafers called Soylent Green．The film ends with the ghastly revelation that Soylent Green is made from human flesh．F.Rhinehart’s r oommates were skeptical．One told me，“It seemed pretty weird．”They kept shopping at Costco．After a month，Rhinehart published the results of his experiment in a blog post，titled“How I Stopped Eating Food．”The post has a“Eureka!”tone．The chemical potion，Rhinehart reported，was“delicious!I felt like l’d just had the best breakfast of my life．”Drinking Soylent was saving him time and money：his food costs had dropped from four hundred and seventy dollars a month to fifty．Andphysically,he wrote，“I feel like the si x million dollar mail．My physique has noticeably improved，my skin is clearer,my teeth whiter,my hair thicker and my dandruff gone．”He concluded．“I haven’t eaten a bite of food in thirty days，and it's changed my lifc．”In a fcw weeks，his blog post was at the top of Hacker News——a water cooler for the tech industry．Reactions were polarized．“RIP Rob，”a comment on Rhinehart’s blog read．But other people asked for his formula，which，in the spirit of the“opensource”movement，he posted online．G.One of Silicon Vall ey’s cultural exports in the past ten years has been the concept of“life hacking”：devising tricks to streamline the obligations of daily life．thereby freeing yourself up for whateveryou’d rather be doing．Rhinehart’s“future food”seemed a clever work．around．Lifehackers everywherebegan to test it out，and then to make their own versions．Soon commenters on Reddit were sparring about the appropriate dose of calcium-magnesium powder．Atier three months，Rhinehart said，he realized that his mixture had the makings of a company：“It provided more value to my life than any app．”He and his roommates put。

2014年12月大学英语四级考试备考资料《阅读理解-长篇阅读(匹配)》最新练习题及答案

2014年12月大学英语四级考试备考资料《阅读理解-长篇阅读（匹配）》最新练习题及答案Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section B(原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解，篇章长度和难度不变。

篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。

每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。

有的段落可能对应两题，有的段落可能不对应任何一题。

)Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Beauty and Body Image in the Media[A] Images of female bodies are everywhere. Women—and their body parts —sell everything from food to cars. Popular film and television actresses are becoming younger, taller and thinner. Some have even been known to faint on the set from lack of food. Women’s magazines are full of articles urging that if they can just lose those last twenty pounds, they’ll have it all—the perfect marriage, loving children, great sex, and a rewarding career.[B] Why are standards of beauty being imposed on women, the majority of whom are naturally larger and more mature than any of the models? The roots, some analysts say, are economic. By presenting an ideal difficult to achieve and maintain, the cosmetic and diet product industries are assured of growth and profits. And it’s 6no accident that youth is increasingly promoted, along with thinness, as an essential criterion of beauty. If not all women need to lose weight,for sure they’re all aging, says the Quebec Action Network for Women’s Health in its 2001 report. And, according to the industry, age is a disaster that needs to be dealt with.[C] The stakes are huge. On the one hand, women who are insecure about their bodies are more likely to buy beauty products, new clothes, and diet aids. It is estimated that the diet industry alone is worth anywhere between 40 to 100 billion (U.S.) a year selling temporary weight loss (90% to 95% of dieters regain the lost weight). On the other hand, research indicates that exposure to images of thin, young, air-brushed female bodies is linked to depression, loss of self-esteem and the development of unhealthy eating habits in women and girls.[D ] The American research group Anorexia Nervosa & Related Eating Disorders, Inc. says that one out of every four college-aged women uses unhealthy methods of weight control—including fasting, skipping meals, excessive exercise, laxative (泻药)abuse, and self-induced vomiting. The pressure to be thin is also affecting young girls: the Canadian Women’s Health Network warns that weight control measures are now being taken by girls as young as 5 and 6. American statistics are similar. Several studies, such as one conducted by Marika Tiggemann and Levina Clark in 2006 titled “Appearance Culture in 9- to 12-Year-Old Girls: Media and Peer Influences on Body Dissatisfaction,” indicate that nearly half of all preadolescent girls wish to be thinner, and as a result have engaged in a diet or are aware of the concept of dieting. In 2003, Teen magazine reported that 35 percent of girls 6 to 12 years old have been on at least one diet, and that 50 to 70 percent of normal weight girls believe they are overweight. Overall research indicates that 90% of women are dissatisfied with their appearance in some way. Media activist Jean Kilbourne concludes that, “Women are sold to the diet industry by the magazines we read and the television programs we watch, almost all of whichmake us feel anxious about our weight.”[ E] Perhaps the most disturbing is the fact that media images of female beauty are unattainable for all but a very small number of women. Researchers generating a computer model of a woman with Barbie-doll proportions, for example, found that her back would be too weak to support the weight of her upper body, and her body would be too narrow to contain more than half a liver and a few centimeters of bowel.A real woman built that way would suffer from chronic diarrhea (慢性腹泻)and eventually die from malnutrition. Jill Barad, President of Mattel (whichmanufactures Barbie), estimated that 99% of girls aged 3 to 10 years old own at least one Barbie doll. Still, the number of real life women and girls who seek a similarlyunderweight body is epidemic, and they can suffer equally devastating health consequences. In 2006 it was estimated that up to 450, 000 Canadian women were affected by an eating disorder.[F ] Researchers report that women’s magazines have ten and one-half times more ads and articles promoting weight loss than men’s magazines do, and overthree-quarters of the covers of women’s magazines include at least one message about how to change a woman’s bodily appearance—by diet, exercise or cosmetic surgery. Television and movies reinforce the importance of a thin body as a measure of a woman’s worth. Canadian researcher Gregory Fouts reports that over three-quarters of the female characters in TV situation comedies are underweight, and only one in twenty are above average in size. Heavier actresses tend to receive negative comments from male characters about their bodies (“How about wearing a sack?，，)，and 80 percent of these negative comments are followed by canned audience laughter.[G] There have been efforts in the magazine industry to buck (才氐制，反抗)the trend. For several years the Quebec magazine Coup de Pouce has consistently included full-sized women in their fashion pages and Chatelaine has pledged not to touch up photos and not to include models less than 25 years of age. In Madrid, one of the world’s biggest fashion capitals, ultra-thin models were banned from the runway in 2006. Furthermore Spain has recently undergone a project with the aim to standardize clothing sizes through using a unique process in which a laser beam is used to measure real life women’s bodies in order to find the most true to life measurement.[ H] Another issue is the representation of ethnically diverse women in the media.A 2008 study conducted by Juanita Covert and Travis Dixon titled “A Changing View: Representation and Effects of the Portrayal of Women of Color in Mainstream Women’s Magazines” found that although there was an increase in the representation of women of colour, overall white women were overrepresented in mainstream women’s magazines from 1999 to 2004.[I] The barrage of messages about thinness, dieting and beauty tells“ordinary” women that they are always in need of adjustment—and that the female body is an object to be perfected. Jean Kilbourne argues that the overwhelming presence of media images of painfully thin women means that real women’s bodies have become invisible in the mass media. The real tragedy, Kilbourne concludes, is that many women internalize these stereotypes, and judge themselves by the beauty industry’s standards. Women learn to compare themselves toother women, and to compete with them for male attention. This focus on beauty and desirability “effectively destroys any awareness and action that might help to change that climate.”46. A report in Teen magazine showed that 50% to 70% girls with normal weight think that they need to lose weight.47. On the whole, for 6 years white women had been occupying much more space in mainstream women’s magazines since 1999.48. Some negative effects such as depression and unhealthy eating habits in females are related to their being exposed to images of thin and young female bodies.49. The mass media has helped boost the cosmetic and the diet industries.50. It is reported that there is at least one message about the methods for women to change their bodily appearance on more than three-quarters of the covers of women’s magazines.51. Some film and television actresses even faint on the scene due to eating too little.52. Too much concern with appearance makes it impossible to change such abnormal trend.53. Researchers found that a real woman with Barbie-doll proportions would eventually die from malnutrition.54. The Quebec magazine Coup (e Pouce resists the trend by consistently including full-sized women in their fashion pages for several years.5 5. According to some analysts, the fundamental reason of imposing standards of beauty on women is economic profits.PartⅢ Reading ComprehensionSection B46. [D]47. [H]48. [C]49. [B]50. [F]51. [A]52. [I]53. [E]54. [G]55. [B]A: Pizza Hut was started in 1958, by two brothers in Wichita, Kansas. Frank and Dan Carney had the idea to open a pizza parlor. They borrowed $600 from their mother, and opened the very first Pizza Hut. In 1959, the first franchise unit opened in Topeka, Kansas. Almost a decade later, Pizza Hut would be serving one million customers a week in their 310 locations. In 1970, Pizza Hut was put on the New York Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol PIZ.B: In 1986, Pizza Hut introduced delivery service, something no other restaurant was doing. By the 1990's Pizza Hut sales had reached $4 billion worldwide. In 1998, Pizza Hut celebrated their 40th anniversary, and launched their famous campaign "The Best Pizzas Under One Roof." In 1996, Pizza Hut sales in the United States were over $5 million. Out of all the existing pizza chains, Pizza Hut had the largest market share, 46.4%. However, Pizza Hut's market share has slowly eroded because of intense competition from their rivals Domino's, Little Caesar's and newcomer Papa John's. Home delivery was a driving force for success, especially for Pizza Hut and Domino's.C: However, this forced competitors to look for new methods of increasing their customer bases. Many pizza chains decided to diversify and offer new non-pizza items such as buffalo wings, and Italian cheese bread. The current trend in pizza chains today is the same. They all try to come up with some newer, bigger, better, pizza for a low price. Offering special promotions and new pizza variations are popular today as well. For example, chicken is now a common topping found on pizzas.D: In the past, Pizza Hut has always had the first mover advantage. Their marketing strategy in the past has always been to be first. One of their main strategies that they still follow today is the diversification of the products they offer. Pizza Hut is always adding something new to their menu, trying to reach new markets. For example, in 1992 the famous buffet was launched in Pizza Hut restaurants worldwide. They were trying to offer many different food items for customers who didn't necessarily want pizza.E: Another strategy they used in the past and are still using is the diversification of their pizzas. Pizza Hut is always trying to come up with some innovative way to make a pizza into something slightly different - different enough that customers will think it’s a whole new product. For example, let's look at some of the pizzas Pizza Hut has marketed in the past. In 1983, Pizza Hut introduced their Pan Pizza, which had a guarantee of being ready to eat in 5 minutes when dining at Pizza Hut restaurants. In 1993, they introduced the "BigFoot," which was two square feet of pizza cut into 21 slices. In 1995, they introduced "Stuffed Crust Pizza," where the crust would be filled with cheese. In 1997, they marketed "The Edge," which had cheese and toppings all the way to the edge of the pizza. Currently, they are marketing "The Big NewYorker," trying to bringthe famous New York style pizza to the whole country.F: Another opportunity that Pizza Hut has is their new ordering online system. Anyone with Internet access can order whatever they wish and get it delivered to their house without even speaking to someone. This program has just been started, so we do not have any numbers to support whether or not it will be a success.G: Lastly, Pizza Hut has always valued customer service and satisfaction. In 1995, Pizza Hut began two customer satisfaction programs: a 1-800 number customer hotline, and a customer call-back program. These were implemented to make sure their customers were happy, and always wanted to return. In our plan, we will first give a situation analysis of current and relevant environmental conditions that affect our plan. Next, we will give a brief analysis of the current fast food industry, and any trends or changes that might occur in the future.H: However, the fact that Pizza Hut does have a restaurant to run is also a weakness. Pizza Hut has higher overhead costs, due to the restaurant that other competitors don't have to deal with. Another result of higher overhead costs is higher prices Pizza Hut must charge. Obviously, Pizza Hut is not the low cost producer. They rely on their quality pizza and good service to account for their higher prices.I: An indirect weakness that Pizza Hut has is that they have lost a lot of their customers and market share due to such intense competition with competitors. Pizza Hut's opportunities are almost endless. They can increase revenue with their new innovative pizzas, and increase brand loyalty with good customer service.J: Pizza Hut's number one threats are from their competitors. Currently, their closest competitor is Domino's Pizza. Domino's main competitive advantage over Pizza Hut is their price. It is generally lower than Pizza Hut. Also, Domino's was very profitable when they ran the promotional deal of delivering a pizza within 30 minutes. However, many lawsuits have been filed against Domino's in the past for reckless driving by their drivers, so Domino's withdrew the promotion. Little Caesar's is another one of Pizza Hut's competitors, right behind Domino's in market share. Little Caesar's is famous for offering large quantities of pizza for less money. Other competitors include Papa John's, Sbarro, and Pizza Inn.K: A problem facing all of the pizza chains is that each of their individual competitive advantages are pretty much everyone's competitive advantages. Most if not all the top pizza chains offer free delivery, and always have some sort of promotional deal offering large pizzas at reduced prices. Other competitors to take into consideration are frozen pizzas and make-it-yourself pizzas that are purchased in grocery stores. Some examples of these are Tombstone Pizzas, Boboli, and Di'Gornio pizzas.1. Pizza Hut expanded its business into many parts of the country by the time of 1969.2. Pizza Hut has not always dominated the market.3. buffalo wings, and Italian cheese bread are now commonly served at pizza restaurants.4. The diversification strategy is not to be the first mover.5. In Pizza Hut, a Pan Pizza was guaranteed to serve in 5 minutes.6. If you want a pizza from Pizza Hut delivered directly to your house, you have to have Internet access in the first place.7. In order to make sure their customers were happy, Pizza Hutintroduced two customer satisfaction programs.8. The higher overhead costs of Pizza Hut obviously accounted for higher prices of their pizzas.9. The reason why Domino’s withdrew their promotion was that they suffered legally from reckless driving by their drivers.10. Major pizza makers have to face the problem that their competitive advantages are the same.答案：1.A2. B3. C4. D5. E6. F7. G8. H9. J10. KHow to Make Attractive and Effective PowerPoint PresentationsA) Microsoft PowerPoint has dramatically changed the way in which academic and business presentations are made. This article outlines few tips on making more effective and attractive PowerPoint presentations.The TextB) Keep the wording clear and simple. Use active, visual language. Cut unnecessary words—a good rule of thumb is to cut paragraphs down to sentences, sentences into phrases, and phrases into key words.Limit the number of words and lines per slide. Try the Rule of Five-five words per line, five lines per slide. If too much text appears on one slide, use the AutoFit feature to split it between two slides. Click within the placeholder to display the AutoFit Options button (its symbol is two horizontal lines with arrows above and below), then click on the button and choose Split Text between Two Slides from the submenu.C) Font size for titles should be at least 36 to 40, while the text body should not be smaller than e only two font styles per slide —one for the title and the other for the text. Choose two fonts that visually contrast with each other. Garamond Medium Condensed and Impactare good for titles, while Garamond or Tempus Sans can be used for the text body.D) Embed the fonts in your presentation, if you are not sure whether the fonts used in the presentation are present in the computer that will be used for the presentation. To embed the fonts: (1) On the File menu, click Save As. (2) On the toolbar, click Tools, click Save Options, select the Embed TrueType Fonts check box, and then select Embed characters in use only.E) Use colors sparingly; two to three at most. You may use one color for all the titles and another for the text body. Be consistent from slide to slide. Choose a font color that contrasts well with the background.F) Capitalizing the first letter of each word is good for the title of slides and suggests a more formal situation than having just the first letter of the first word capitalized. In bullet point lines, capitalize the first word and no other words unless they normally appear capped. Upper and lower case lettering is more readable than all capital letters. Moreover, current styles indicate that using all capital letters means you are shouting. If you have text that is in the wrong case, select the text, and then click Shift+F3 until it changes to the case style that you like. Clicking Shift+F3 toggles the text case between ALL CAPS, lower case, and Initial Capital styles.G) Use bold or italic typeface for emphasis. Avoid underlining, it clutters up the presentation.Don’t center bulleted lists or text. It is confusing to read. Left align unless you have a good reason not to. Run ‚spell check‛ on your show when finished.The BackgroundH) Keep the background consistent. Simple, light textured backgrounds work well. Complicated textures make the content hard to read. If you are planning to use many clips in your slides, select a white background. Ifthe venue of your presentation is not adequately light-proof, select a dark-colored background and use any light color for text. Minimize the use of ‚bells and whistles‛ such as sound effects, ‚flying words‛ and multiple transitions. Don’t use red in any fonts or backgrounds. It is an emotionally overwhelming color that is difficult to see and read.The ClipsI) Animations are best used subtly; too much flash and motion can distract and annoy viewers. Do not rely too heavily on those images that were originally loaded on your computer with the rest of Office. You can easily find appropriate clips on any topic through Google Images. While searching for images, do not use long search phrases as is usually done while searching the web-use specific words.J) When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes and are in a .jpg format. Larger files can slow down your show. Keep graphs, charts and diagrams simple, if possible. Use bar graphs and pie charts instead of tables of data. The audience can then immediately pick up the relationships.The PresentationK) If you want your presentation to directly open in the slide show view, save it as a slide show file using the following steps. Open the presentation you want to save as a slide show. On the File menu, click Save As. In the Save as type list, click PowerPoint Show. Your slide show file will be saved with a ppt file extension. When you double-click on this file, it will automatically start your presentation in slide show view. When you’re done, PowerPoint automatically closes and you return to the desktop. If you want to edit the slide show file, you can always open it from PowerPoint by clicking Open on the File menu.L) Look at the audience, not at the slides, whenever possible. If using a laser pointer, don’t move it too fast. For example, if circling a numberon the slide, do it slowly. Never point the laser at the audience. Black out the screen (use ‚B‛ on the keyboard) after the point has been made, to put the focus on you. Press the key again to continue your presentation.M) You can use the shortcut command [Ctrl]P to access the Pen tool during a slide show. Click with your mouse and drag to use the Pen tool to draw during your slide show. To erase everything you’ve drawn, press the E key. To turn off the Pen tool, press [Esc] once.MiscellaneousN) Master Slide Set-Up: The ‚master slide‛ will allow you to make changes that are reflected on every slide in your presentation. You can change fonts, colors, backgrounds, headers, and footers at the ‚master slide‛ level. First, go to the ‚View‛ menu. Pull down the ‚Master‛menu. Select the ‚slide master‛ menu. You may now make changes at this level that meet your presentation needs.1. The ways in which academic and business presentations are made have been changed by Microsoft PowerPoint.2. When making the PowerPoint, the wording of the text should not be complicated.3. In each slide, the font styles for the title and the text should contrast with each other.4. A more formal situation is capitalizing the first letter of the first word.5. Centering bulleted lists or text can not help to read.6. Sound effects should be used as less frequently as possible.7. When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes.8. When making the presentation, you should look at the audience as possible as you can.9. Pressing the E key can help you to erase everything you've drawn.10. In order to meet your presentation needs, you can make changes at the ‚slide master‛ level.答案：1.A2.B3.C4.F5.G6.H7.J8.L9.M10.NPaper--More than Meets the EyeA)We are surrounded by so much paper and card that it is easy to forget just how complex it is. There are many varieties and grades of paper materials, and whilst it is fairly easy to spot the varieties, it is far more difficult to spot the grades.B)It needs to be understood that most paper and card is manufactured for a specific purpose, so that whilst the corn-flake packet may look smart, it is clearly not something destined for the archives. It is made to look good, but only needs a limited life span. It is also much cheaper to manufacture than high grade card.C)Paper can be made from an almost endless variety of cellulose-based material which will include many woods, cottons and grasses or which papyrus is an example and from where we get the word "paper". Many of theseare very specialized, but the preponderance of paper making has been from soft wood and cotton or rags, with the bulk being wood-based.Paper from WoodD) In order to make wood into paper it needs to be broken down into fine strands. Firstly by powerful machinery and then boiled with strong alkalies such as caustic soda, until a fine pulp of cellulose fibers is produced. It is from this pulp that the final product is made, relying on the bonding together of the cellulose into layers. That, in a very small nutshell, is the essence of paper making from wood. However, the reality is rather more complicated. In order to give us our white paper and card, the makers will add bleach and other materials such as china clay and additional chemicals.E) A further problem with wood is that it contains a material that is not cellulose. Something called lignin. This is essential for the tree since it holds the cellulose fibres together, but if it is incorporated into the manufactured paper it presents archivists with a problem. Lignin eventually breaks down and releases acid products into the paper. This will weaken the bond between the cellulose fibers and the paper will become brittle and look rather brown and careworn. We have all seen this in old newspapers and cheap paperback books. It has been estimated that most paper back books will have a life of not greater than fifty years. Not what we need for our archives.F)Since the lignin can be removed from the paper pulp during manufacture, the obvious question is "why is it left in the paper?" The answer lies in the fact that lignin makes up a considerable part of the tree. By leaving the lignin in the pulp a papermaker can increase his paper yield from a tree to some 95%. Removing it means a yield of only 35%. It is clearly uneconomic to remove the lignin for many paper and card applications.G) It also means, of course, that lignin-free paper is going to be more expensive, but that is nevertheless what the archivist must look for in his supplies. There is no point whatsoever in carefully placing our valuable artifacts in paper or card that is going to hasten their demise. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials, causing them to fade and is some cases simply vanish!H)So, how do we tell a piece of suitable paper or card from one that is unsuitable? You cannot do it by simply looking, and rather disappointingly, you cannot always rely on the label. "Acid-free" might be true inasmuch as a test on the paper may indicate that it is a neutral material at this time. But lignin can take years before it starts the inevitable process of breaking down, and in the right conditions it will speed up enormously.I)Added to this, as I have indicated earlier, paper may also contain other materials added during manufacture such as bleach, china clay, chemical whiteners and size. This looks like a bleak picture, and it would be but for the fact that there are suppliers who will guarantee the material that they sell. If you want to be absolutely sure that you are storing in, or printing on, the correct material then this is probably the only way.J)Incidentally, acids can migrate from material to material. Lining old shoe boxes with good quality acid-free paper will do little to guard the contents. The acid will get there in the end.Paper from RagK) Paper is also commonly made from cotton and rag waste. This has the advantage of being lignin-free, but because there is much less cotton and rag than trees, it also tends to be much more expensive than wood pulp paper. You will still need to purchase from a reliable source though, since even rag paper and card can contain undesirable additives.L) A reliable source for quality rag papers is a recognized art stockiest. Many water color artists insist on using only fine quality rag paper and board.M) The main lesson to learn from this information is that you cannot rely on purchasing archival materials from the high street. The only safe solution is to purchase from specialist suppliers. It may cost rather more, but in the end you will know that your important and valuable data and images have the best home possible.1. The corn-flake packet is cheaper than high grade card.2. There are a lot of materials which can be used for making paper, but the superiority ones are soft wood, cotton and rags.3. During the whole manufacturing process, the final product is made from a pulp of cellulose fibres.4. In order to make white paper and card, the makers will add bleach.5. Liguin is essential for the tree but it will make paper easy to break.6. Many paper producers will preserve lignin during manufacture, because leaving the lignin will make more paper from a tree.7. Acid is particularly harmful to photographic materials.8. If the lignin is removed from the paper, the paper will be more。

2019年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练及答案(4)

2019年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练及答案(4)段落信息匹配题是四六级改革之后的新题型，很多同学还不是很熟悉，以下是小编为同学们整理的英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习，希望对各位有所协助。

A Grassroots RemedyA) Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world. To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country. The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk. And when joggers (慢跑者) jog, they don't run the streets. Every one of the minstinctively heads to the park or the river. It is my profound belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not.B) But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived ( 丧失) , I spent my boyhood climbing trees on Stratham Common, south London. These days, children are robbed of these an cientfreedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and odd new perceptions about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found.C) The truth is to be found elsewhere. A study in the U.S. families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD -- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( 多动症) .Those whose accommodation had morenatural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%.D) A study in Sweden indicated that kindergartenchildren who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground. A U.S. study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, academic levels were raised across the entire school.E) Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment. In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy (等级) based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead. But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity.F) Most bullying (持枪凌弱) is found in schools where there is a tarmac (柏油碎石) play ground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore. This reminds mean pleasantly of Sunny hill School in Stratham, with its harsh tarmac, where I used to hang about incomers fantasizing about wildlife. The children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage. So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves： not to their bodies but to their souls.G) One of the great problems of modem childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs. Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature giveshuge benefits to ADHD children. However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places.H) The life of old people is measurably better when they have access to nature. The increasing emphasis for thegrowing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years. And study after study finds that a gardenis the single most important thing in finding that quality.I) In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundingsim prove all kinds of things. Even problems with crime and aggressive behavior are reduced when there is contact with the natural world. Dr. William Bird, researcher from the Royal Societyfor the Protection of birds, states in his study, "A natural environment can reduce violent behavior because itsrestorative process helps reduce anger and impulsive behavior." Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution.J) We tend to look on nature conservation as some kindof favor that human beings are granting to the natural world. The error here is far too deep： not only do humans neednature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity andthe natural world are separable things is profoundly damaging. Human beings are a species of mammals (哺乳动物) . For seven million years they lived on the planet as part of nature. Our ancestral selves miss the natural world and long for contact with nonhuman life. Anyone who has patted a dog, stoked a cat, sat under a tree with a pint of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the park on a nice day, understands that. We need the wild world. It isessential to our well-being, our health, our happiness.Without the wild world we are not more but less civilized. Without other living things around us we are less than human.K) Five Ways to Find Harmony with the Natural World Walk：Break the rhythm of permanently being under a roof. Get off a stop earlier, make a circuit of the park at lunchtime, walkthe child to and from school, get a dog, feel yourself moving in moving air, look, listen, absorb.Sit： Take a moment, every now and then, to be still inan open space. In the garden, anywhere that's not in the office, anywhere out of the house, away from the routine. Sit under a tree, look at water, feel refreshed, ever so slightly renewed.Drink： The best way to enjoy the natural world is by oneself; the second best way is in company. Take a drink outside with a good person, a good gathering： talk with the sun and the wind with bird-song for background.Learn： Expand your boundaries. Leam five species of bird, five butterflies, five trees, five bird songs. That way, you see and hear more： and your mind responds gratefully to the greater amount of wildness in your life.Travel： The places you always wanted to visit： by the seaside, in the country, in the hills. Take a week-end break, a day-trip, get out these and do it： for the scenery, forthe way through the woods, for the birds, for the bees. Go somewhere special and bring specialness home. It lasts forever, after all.46. The study in Sweden shows that more access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill.47. The author's profound belief is that people instinctively seek nature in different ways.48. It can be very helpful to provide more green spaces for children with ADHD.49. Elderly people will enjoy a life of better quality when they contact more with nature.50. Nowadays, people think things that can be bought are best for children, rather than things that can be found.51. Dr. William Bird suggests in his study that access to nature contributes to the reduction of violence.52. According to a study in the U. S. Children with ADHD whose accommodation had more natural views showed much better improvement.53. Children who have chances to explore natural areas are less likely to be involved in bullying.54. We can find harmony with the natural world in various ways, among which there are walking, sitting, drinking, learning and traveling.55. It is extremely harmful to think that humanity and the natural world can be separated.大自然疗法A)【47】我们中的绝大部分人都套花时间寻求与大自然亲近。

大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2)

大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2)导读：本文大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2)，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。

Section BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each smtement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.1ndentify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Creative Book Report Ideas A.Are you at a loss for creative book report ideas for your students?If yes.then this article will help you make reading and reviewing books more creative for your class.In an age of PSPs，Xbox，anime and gaming arcades，reading has lost its foothold in the list of hobbies that children tend to cite.Most of the reading that kids do today,comes in the form of compulsory books that they need to read for school and maybe that is the reason they find reading to be an insurmountable and boring task.If you want to inculcate the love for languages and literary masterpieces in your students and want them to devour books everyone should read，then a good way of going about the same would be to get them to start working on creative book report ideas.While working on creative ideas for book reports，your students will have to understand the book in a way that allows them to come up with new ways to present to the class，the essence of the book.B.As a teachel while egging your students to activate their creative gray cells.you will have to help them out with basic ideas that they can work on.Depending on the age bracket that your students belong to，the creative book report ideas will vary.This is so，not just because of the varying attention spans that children of various age groups posses but also because of the amount of work that kids can put into the report.While a middle school student wiIl be comfortable handling a handy cam，a student from elementary school will be more fascinated if he is working with paints and puppets.So do you want to know how to write a book report creatively?In this article.we will list out for you，a couple of good creative book report ideas for elementary students and for middle school students.C.A book report sandwich is a good creative idea for book reports.As a teacher you can get drawings of a sandwich on sheets of Paper that are of the color of the ingredients of your sandwich，for example，a cream sheet of paper to resemble mayonnaise，red to represent tomato and likewise.Ob.viously,each ingredient should be cut in a way that when assembled together,it looks like a sandwich.Now,give each of your students one of these book sandwiches to create their book report.It can start with the name of the book and the author’s name on the top slice of the sandwich.The second ingredient can have the summary of the book on it.Each subsequent ingredient can have a description of the main characters，the setting of the book，the plot，and then his or her views about the book.Once they are done with their book reports，they can staple the book sandwich together and then，you can create a class bulletin board with all the book report sandwiches on display.D.One of the good techniques to retell a story,it is also one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students.The job that the student will have is to read the book and then pick a few objects at his/her home which will allow him/her to retell the story in a way that makes it interesting for his/ her audience.Every time he/she picks out an object from the bag to report the book he/she has read，there has to be a valid connection between the book and the object，which the student can first ask the audience to guess and then go ahead and explain it.This idea is spin—off on the normal show and tells and allows for an interactive book report session.E.This is one of the creative ideas for book reports in which.as the teacher, you will have to divideyour class into groups and give them one book each.The students can then read the book and get together and write a play and act it out for the class.To give a deeper insight into the book，one of the students can play the role of the author and as a group，the students can try and recreate the thought Drocess of the author.The student playing the role of the author can then interrupt the play at lmportant iunctllres and talk about the reasons for these twists in the play and how he/she came up with these plot lines.F.As a voung adult，your student’s fascination may go beyond the immediate concerns of the book.He/she may want to understand the circumstances in which the book was written，the times then，the events happening in the world and get the author’s perspective about the book.Encourage your students to mink on those lines.Divide the class into pairs and give each pair one book to read.Let them then do the roles of the author and a journalist.You can have an interview session in front of the class.enabling them todissect the book and get a peek into the author’s world.G.In a technology—obsessed world，it maybe a very tiny minority of your class that does not get excited with the Drospect of shooting a film.One of the best creative book report ideas for middle school，you will need to divide the class into groups and give them at least two months to adapt the book that thev have been assigned，into a film.The movie should have a well—adapted screenplay,and allother prerequisites，like a lighting engineer,sound engineer, costume designer,etc.At the end of the given time，the film can be screened in front of the class and then discussed.H.If you are on the lookout for good individual creative book report ideas，then this one could be for you.Assign every student a book and then ask them to start maintaining a diary,from the author’sDoint of vie w.Ask them to come up with imaginary incidents from the author’s life and use historical events to explain why the author wrote the book in a certain manner.Alternately, you can also ask your students to give a surrogate ending to the story.I)、These are just few of the options that you could use to inspire your students to come up with creative book report ideas.As kids we tend to be more imaginative and creative .Encourage your students to mink om of the box and appreciate them for their efforts.This will help you have a class that is not only lively and inquisitive by nature but also a class that will cultivate a love for words.46.11eachers can create a class bulletin board to display all the book report sandwiches after their students finish their reports.47.Adopting the method of knowing your author,teachers can encourage students to think beyond the immediate concerns of the book.48.Asking me students to write from their own point of view is suitable for teachers who are on the lookout for good individual creative book report ideas.49.Retelling a story is one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students and it tells and allows for an interactive book report session.50.Nowadays，most of book children read are those they need to read for school.51.Teachers tend to be more imaginative and creative as kids.52.While working on creative ideas for book reports，students will have to understand the book.53.The creative book report ideas vary according to ages because children in different age groups have different attention span.54.If teachers ask their students to shoot a film about a book，they should give them no fewer than two months.55.Teachers have to divide their class into groups and give them one book each is a good creative book report ideas.46.Teachers can create a class bulletin board to display all the book report sandwiches after their students finish their reports.在学生完成他们的读书报告后，老师可以设立一个班级布告板，把所有的三明治读书报告展示出来。

12月英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习

12月英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习2016年12月英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习四六级阅读理解的复习更多聚集在做题技巧和词汇上，勤加练习是大家制胜的法宝，做得多才能总结的.多，见的多才能识的多。

以下是yjbys网店铺整理的关于英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习，供大家备考。

Section BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Driver’s License T est TipsA.This article will provide you with some simple tips for passing your driver’s license test.Adequate preparation is absolutely essential，without which any number of driver’s license test tips will be redundant.B.Getting a driver’s license is a big step in anyone’s life.It gives an individual the luxury to drive a car anytime he or she pleases，as driving without passing a driver’s lice nse test is against the law.For some people，the stress can be too much to handle and as a result they may mess up on the driver’s license test.There are some simple driver’s license test tips that anyone can follow,to be assured of passing the test and getting their driver’s license.C.The most important of all the tips for passing yourdriver’s license test is to be prepared.This can only be achieved by you through hours and hours of sincere and diligent practice.If you are not sufficiently prepared for y our driver’s license test，all the driver’s license tips for passing your driver’slicense test will be utterly pointless and redundant.You can read as many drivers’license test tips as you want，but if you are not practicing enough，then all these driving test tips will be in vain.Enroll ing yourself in driving schools is advisable for this purpose.D.Now，if you’re wondering how to prepare for your driving test，the first thing you need to know is what the driving test instructors and officials are going to be looking for.The following are the qualities that the instructors will be on the lookout for and also the parameters that the scoring will be conducted on.E)Starting the vehicle：The instructor will be observing you right from the time you start the vehicle.He will note if you tum your head to look back and if you follow all the safety regulations that are required to be followed while starting a vehicle.Here are some tips on learning to drive a car.F)Control of the vehicle：He will pay close attention to how much control you actually have over the vehicle.Your abilities with the gas pedal，the brake，the steering wheel and other controls will be scrutinized.G)Steering：Not many road test tips stress on the importance of steering.This quality is closely ana.lyzed by the instructor and obviously if your steering is wayward(任性的)，the chances of passing the driver’s license test are very slim.H)Driving in traffic：Keeping calm and avoiding panic attacks while driving in traffic is of utmost importance.Many people get extremely stressed and nervous，when they are in the midst of traffic and one of the very crucial tips to pass road test for driver’s license is to stay calm and composed when driving in traffic.Also read more on road safety and car safety.I)Traffic signs and lane discipline：This is another area that the instructors will be rating you on.Your ability to observe lane discipline and your recognition of the various traffic signs plays a major role in your passing the test.Keep these driver’s license test tips in mind to pass the test in your veryfirst attempt.J)Stopping：Stopping the car smoothly and at the right place is a critical skill to have.When the in. structor asks you to stop the car，the timing，the positioning and the technique of doing so are important driving test tips to bear in mind.K)Backing up and distance judgment：Your backing up skills and your ability to judge the distancesbetween your vehicle and other entities will also be carefully scrutinized.If you cannot back up your vehicle satisfactorily ,parking would be very troublesome for you and a major source of hazard to you and to others around you.L)Hill parking：One of the essential tips for passing your driver’s license test is to master the art of hill parking.This is not as easy as it seems and can become a major source of anxiety in a driver.If you can display good skills at hill parking，it proves that you have developed good control over the vehicle.M)Arm signals and driving etiquette：Another aspect that you will be judged on is your efficiency at giving the right arm signals at the right time.Your respect for other drivers on the road and the amount of courtesy you show them also plays a part inyour final rating on the driver’s license test.Read more about defensive driving techniques and tips and defensive driving courses.N)Drivers who are well aware and informed about all the rules and regulations that need to be followed have a beRer chance of clearing their driver’s license test.The primary goal of these driver，slicense test tips is to instill(慢慢灌输)a responsible and mature frame of mind in every individ.ual.These road test tips will be pointless unless you develop a calm demeanor and tmless you are aware of all the rules that must be followed while driving.O)Here are a few more basic drivers’license test tips that you should keep in mind when vou，re leaming how to prepare for your driving test.Always use the restroom before your test begins.Not doing so will cause more anxiety during the test.Memorize all the traffic signs and their significance well in advance before the e your rear view mirrors efficiently and regularly.Ensure that you are well on time for your test and are carrying all the required documents and paperwork.Get adequate sleep the previous night and do not give the test with an empty stomach.Stick to the permitted speed limit.Do not drive too fast and do not drive too slow either.P)Passing a driver’s license test is not simple and unless you are well versed in driver education.You could face a lot of difficulties.At the end of the day,remember that the instructors also want you to pass the test，so do your best to stay calm and composed and believe in your ability to pass the test.This cannot be reinstated enough，but the key to passing your driver’s li cense test is practice.46.According to this article，the importance of steering isemphasized by not many road test tips.47.Your timing，positioning and technique should be considered by yourself when you stoD your test car.48.Some people may fail their d river’s license tests because they have too much stress.49.Hill parking as one of the essential tips for your license test seems easV.50.The tips in this article primarily aimed at instilling a responsible and mature frame of mind in you.5 1.In order to pass your driver’s license test.you should practice.52.Your driver’s license test begins in practice when you start your test car.53.During the preparation process，a few more basic tips should be kept in mind.54.You should sleep adequately the night before your test.55.A lot of difficulties could be faced if you are not well versed in driver education.答案GJBLNCEOOP。

2018年12月英语四级阅读真题：匹配题（三套全）

2018年12月英语四级阅读真题：匹配题（三套全）2018年12月英语四级阅读真题：匹配题2018年12月大学英语四级考试已经结束了，各位同学们发挥的怎么样呢?很多考生迫不及待的想要估算一下自己的分数，不要着急，先来回忆一下真题，大家一起看看吧。

2018年12月大学英语四级考试阅读真题(第1套)匹配题1Food-as-Medicine Movement is witnessing progress.36-40 DBGFI 41-45 FCJEG36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced.37. There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.38. There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.40. Training a patient to prepare healthy food can change their life.41. One food-as-medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patients how to cook it.42. Scott is not keen on cooking food herself thinking it would simply be a waste of time.43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food.44. Using food as medicine is no novel idea but the movement is making headway these days.45. Americans’ high rates of various illnesses result from the way they eat.2018年12月大学英语四级考试阅读真题(第2套)匹配题2Is it really OK to eat food that’s fallen on the floor?36-40 FCLEA 41-45 NMDKH36. A research project found bacteria made their way to the food on the floor in five seconds.37. Whether food is contaminated depends much on the number of bacteria that get onto it.38. Food contamination may result from various factors other than food dropping on the floor.39. Males are less likely than females to eat food that may have been contaminated.40. The author’s research centers around how food gets contaminated.41. Keeping everything clean is the best way to stay healthy.42. Chances are you will not fall sick because of eating food picked up from the floor.43. For a long time people have had the experience of deciding whether or not to eat food picked up from the floor.44. Some strains of bacteria are so harmful that a tiny few can have deadly consequences.45. Researchers found how many bacteria got into the food did not have much to do with how long the food stayed on a contaminated floor.2018年12月大学英语四级考试阅读真题(第3套)匹配题3How a poor abandoned Parisian boy became a top chef?36-40 GMFCE DAHKB36.Careme was among the first chefs who stressed both the appearance and flavor of dishes.37.Careme wanted to show to later generations that Frenchchefs of his time were most world.38.Careme benefited greatly from serving a French diplomat and his connections.39.Careme learned his trade from a famous dessert chef in Paris.40.Careme’s creative works were exhibited in the shop windows by his master.41.Careme’s knowledge of art and architecture helped him create extraordinary desserts out of ordinary ingredient.42.Many people in Paris were eager to have a look at the latest sweet food made by Careme.43.Careme became extremely wealthy by cooking for rich and socially ambitious families.44.Careme’s writing dealt with fundamental cooking principles in a systematic way.45.Careme’s contribution to French cooking was revolutionary.。

2021年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练(2)

2021年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练(2)为广大考生整理“2021年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练”，希望对大家有所帮助，祝大家备考顺利！2021年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练汇总段落信息匹配题是四六级改革之后的新题型，很多同学还不是很熟悉，以下是本店铺为同学们整理的英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习，希望对各位有所帮助。

Why I Became a Teacher: to Pass on My Love of LiteratureA) Like lots of people, I never thought I'd be a teacher when I was at school. To be honest l only did my training because my husband was on a four-year course and 1was on a three-year course at Cardiff University so I wanted to do something for one year. I thought doing a teaching qualification would be interesting and might be quite use full I'm convinced that nothing else I might have done would have given me so much pleasure and satisfaction, or fitted in so well with family life.B) When I retire, in just a few years time, I can look back on a career which made a positive difference to the lives of thousands of children. Few other career choices can be so rewarding, so if you have a love of your subject and want theopportunity to pass that on then teaching can be a great career.C) Anyone going into teaching now will be used to teaching to formal work schemes and observation. I think it has raised standards in the profession but personally I feel the loss in the classroom. I've got the confidence of 30 years experience. I've seen new approaches come and go (and sometime even identical "new ideas" come and go more than once).D) For me, it's the passion for your subject and interest in the success of your students that matters more than how all the acronyms (首字母缩略词) add up. This is what will make you a good teacher. There's still room for individuals but you have to have the confidence and passion for your subject to make it work.E) The major challenge in teaching is time. There's not enough of it. It's hard if you're working full time to cope with the marking and feel Eke you have enough time to do your job properly. I've worked part time ever since I had children. I officially work three days a week--trot on my two days off I always work, it probably all adds up to what counts as a full week's work in most other jobs but the pay isn't bad so you can work part time and then the job really does fit in with family life. There are shortcuts to save time, and if had to work parttime I'd have to use. them. But working part time gives me the luxury, to be a critical marker. It can take two hours to mark a 3,000 word A level essay, so if you have 16 pupils that's 32 hours of marking in one week for just one class.F) One of the benefits of being a part-time teacher is that I do have time to mark properly. Sometimes my feedback is almost as long as their essay but 1 really want the kids to do well. One of the best things about teaching is you get to raise children's aspirations, and to make a difference in their lives. You get visits and emails from your old students to prove it! It's great to make the difference, and, as they say, it does make it all worthwhile.G ) The core of teaching is the subject and the pupils. We have a lot of NQTs and PGCE students coming to our school and sometimes I must admit to being disappointed when students don't know their subjects that well. I had an NQT who was teaching Animal Farm and asked me "What's Marxism?" --and she'd got a first in her degree so it just goes to show that government initiatives to try and attract those with firsts aren't necessarily going work.H) However. lots of people drop out of teaching after a couple of years, it is an exhausting job. So my advice to thosejust starling out is:I) Don't lose your sense of proportion over things that happen in the classroom or in an observation that doesn't go well. As long as in the higger picture of things you are connecting with kids and the subject--then don't get frustrated. Even after 30 years of teaching everyone has fearful days in teaching, he you think: "Can I really do this?"You've got In keep positive; it's only a problem if you gel mute bad days than good days.J)Make sure leaching doesn't overwhelm you. You have Io develop strategies especially if you are teaching a subject which requires a lot of marking. So plan things well. Get your pupils to do peer marking, which really can work. If you know you just can't handle any more marking in a particular week, get pupi!s to write a speech and then perform it in the next class. You've got to think ahead about times of maximum workload and plan accordingly--ask your more experienced colleagues for adviceK)You've got to keep your sense of burnout, which is a great v, ay of relieving a,situation. I know I became a better teacher when I became a parent. I realised that kids can be so unpleasant sometimes, even your own kids. They don't mean it; they're justbeing kids. It doesn't mean they bate you or hate your lessons, When you're a new teacher coming into teaching, especially if you are young, you think of the students as almost your adversaries (对手), anti you've got-to defeat them. But you've got to be, careful what you say. You can't belittle them too much or you can really harm them.L) Love your subject. If you are going to succeed in secondary school leaching you must love your subject. The kids really know if you do or don't.M) You have to know your students are individuals, they learn in different ways. You have to be sensitlive to that.N ) You can't just teach to a formula. 1 do worry about the diffcuence between lip service to what the government say it's supposed to be like and what it's really like. I do hate the untrnthfulness of that and the gulf seems to widen more anti more. It feels likewhat matters most is what's tested. The trouble is nothing that is really worthwhile canbe tested. are the love of learning, connection with literature, having empathy ( 移情作用 )--these are the things that really make a difference to someone's life but of course they can't be tested. Young teachers have to he eareful not to get lost in fimnulas and initiatives. A more experienced teacher will haveconfidence to respond to kids anti to talk about an issue that's raised in class that's not on the plan. The children will learn so much from that but there's no box to tick.1. Keeping sense of humor rather than belittling your students can help relieve a situation.2. Teachers should not teach to a formula because what cannot be tested may really matter to a student's life.3. For the author, the main challenge in teaching is that there's no enough time.4. For teachers faced with a lot of marking, one strategy is to get pupils involved in peer marking.5. When dealing with things that happen in the classroom, teachers are advised to decide priorities.6. Working part time enables the author to mark students' assignments properly.7. The author believes she has received most satisfaction from teaching as a career.8. Students can tell whether a teacher loves his subject or not.9. The author thinks that teaching to formal work schemes and observation can make a loss in the classroom.10. According to the author, passion for a subject and interest in students' success will make a good teacher.1.K) 【题干译文】保持幽默感比贬低学生更能缓解课堂上的突发状况【定位】由题干中的sense ol humor，belittling you students 和relieve a situation定位到原文K)段第一句：You've got to keep your sense of humour.which is a great way of relieving a situation.和最后一句：You can’t belittle them too much 01"vou Carl really harm them.【精解】K)段第一句提到，幽默感是缓解突发状况的妙方。

2020年12月英语四级长篇阅读真题(卷一)

2020年12月英语四级长篇阅读真题(卷一)【选词填空】The things people make，and the way they makethem，determine how cities grow and decline，and influence how empires rise and fal.So，anydisruption to the world's factories matters.And that disruption is surely coming.Factoriesare being digitised，filled with new sensors andnew computers to make them quicker，moreflexible，and more efficient.Robots are breaking free from the cages that sur-round them，learning new skills，and new waysof working.And 3D printers have long promiseda world where you can make anything，any-where，from a computerised design.That visionis moving closer to reality.These forces will eadto cleaner factories，producing better goods atlower prices，personalised to our individualneeds and desires.Humans will be spared manyof the dirty，repetitive，and dangerous jobs thathave long been a feature of factory life.Greater efficiency inevitably means fewer peoplecan do the same work.Yet factory bosses in many devel aped countries are worried about alack of ski led human workers-and see automa-tion and robots as a solution.But economist Helena Leu rent says this period ofrapid change in manufacturing is a fantastic op-portunity to make the world a betterplace.“Manufacturing is the one system whereyo u have got the biggest source of innovation，the biggest source of economic growth，and thebiggest source of great jobs in the past.“Youcan see it changing.That'san opportunity toshape that system differently，and if we can，itwil have enormous sign fi cance.26.K) matters27.G) flexible28.M) promised29.L) moving30.0) spared31.F) feature32.H) inevitably33.A) automation34.D) fantastic35.N) shape信息匹配：36.[E] That comment ，say sMothering Justice director Dan-i elle Atkinson ，"wasmeanttoshame" po37.[H] But the fact that 4in10Americanscan't come upwith$400inan emergency is a commonly cited statistic forgood reason ：economic instability str er ches across race，gen-der，andgeography.38.[M] According to the General Social Survey ，71 percent ofrespondents believe the country is spending too Little on"assistancetothepoor."39.[J] The FrameWorks Institute ，aresearchgroupthatfo-c uses on public framing of issues ，has studied what sustainsstereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United King-dom40.[D] If these are the central characters of our story aboutpoverty ，what layers of perceptions ，myths，and realities mustwe unearth to find meaningful solutions and support ?41.[F] How many of us are poor in the U.S.?42.[N] " Poverty has been interchangeable with peopleofcolor-specificallyblackwomenand”blackmothers，"saysAtkinson of Mothering Justice .43.[L] Negative images remain of whois living in poverty aswell as what is needed to moveoutofit.44.[E] That comment ，say sMothering Justice director Dan-ielleAtkinson，"wasmeanttoshame”45.[L] Those external factors include the difficultiesaccom-panyinglow-wage work or structural discrimination basedonrace，gender，orability.仔细阅读：P146.C They did not become popular until the emergenceof improved batteries .47.BThefaling prices of e bike batteries .48.DIt will profit from e bike sharing49.A Retailers 'refusaltodealinebikes.50.D The younger generation’s pursuit of comfortable ridingP251.A Tosway public opinion of the impact of human成activities on Earth52.Cit covers more phenomena53.D Deliberate choice of words o ass54.B For greater precision .55.C Human activities have serious effects on Earth。

12月英语四级阅读理解真题及答案3篇

12月英语四级阅读理解真题及答案3篇12月英语四级阅读理解真题及答案1Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.For decades, Americans have taken for granted the United States’ position in the development of new technologies. The innovations (创新) resulted from research and development during World War II and afterwards were __36__ to the prosperity of the nation in the second half of the 20th century. Those innovations, upon which virtually all aspects of__37__ society now depend, were possible because the United States__38__ then the world in mathematics and science education. Today, however, despite increasing demand for workers with strong skills in mathematics and science, the __39__ of degrees awarded in science, math, and engineering are decreasing.The decline in degree production in what are called the STEM disciplines math __41__. and less than half of the students who plan to major in science or engineering __42__ plete a major in those fields.The result has been a decrease in the number of American college graduates who have the skills, __43__ in mathematics, to power a workforce that can keep the country at the forefront (前沿) of innovation and maintain its standard of living. With the __44__ performance ofAmerican students in math and science has e increased petition from students from other countries that have strongly supported education in these areas. Many more students earn __45__ in the STEM disciplines in developing countries, especially China, than in the United States.A) acceleratingB) actuallyC) closelyD) contemporaryE) coursesF) criticalG) decliningH) degreesI) especiallyJ) futureK) ledL) metM) proceduresN) proportionsO) spheres12月英语四级阅读理解真题及答案2Among the more colorful characters of Leadville’s golden age were H.A.W.Tabor and his second wife, Elizabeth McCourt, better known as“Baby Doe”. Their history is fast ing one of the legends of the Old West. Horace Austin Warner Tabor was a school teacher in Vermont. With his first wife and two children he left Vermont by covered wagon in 1855 to homestead in Kansas. Perhaps he did not find farming to his liking, or perhaps he was lured by rumors of fortunes to be made in Colorado mines. At any rate, a few years later he moved west to the small Colorado mining camp known as California Gulch, which he later renamed Leadville when he became its leading citizen. “Great deposits of lead are sure to be found here.” he said.As it turned out, it was silver, not lead, that was to make Leadville’s fortune and wealth. Tabor knew little about mining himself, so he opened a general store, which sold everything from boots to salt, flour, and tobacco.『It was his custom to “grubstake” prospective miners, in other words, to sup* them with food and supplies, or“grub”, while they looked for ore, in return for which he would get a share in the mine if one was discovered.』①He did this for a number of years, but no one that he aided ever found anything of value.Finally one day in the year 1878, so the story goes, two miners came in and asked for “grub”. Tabor had decided to quit sup*ing it because he had lost too much money that way. These were persistent, however, and Tabor was too busy to argue with them. “Oh help yourself. One more time won’t make any difference,” He said and went on selling shoes and hats toother customers. The two miners took $17 worth of supplies, in return for which they gave Tabor a one-third interest in their findings. They picked a barren place on the mountain side and began to dig. After nine days they struck a rich vein of silver. Tabor bought the shares of the other two men, and so the mine belonged to him alone. This mine, known as the “Pittsburgh Mine,” made 1 300 000 for Tabor in return for his $17 investment.Later Tabor bought the Matchless Mine on another barren hillside just outside the town for $117 000. This turned out to be even more fabulous than the Pittsburgh, yielding $35 000 worth of silver per day at one time. Leadville grew. Tabor became its first mayor, and later became lieutenant governor of the state.1. Leadville got its name for the following reasons EXCEPT ______.A. because Tabor became its leading citizenB. because great deposits of lead is expected to be found thereC. because it could bring good fortune to TaborD. because it was renamed2. The wor d “grubstake” in paragraph 2 means ______.A. to sup* miners with food and suppliesB. to open a general storeC. to do one’s contribution to the development of the mineD. to sup* miners with food and supplies and in return get a share inthe mine, if one was discovered3. Tabor made his first fortune ______.A. by sup*ing two prospective miners and getting in return a one-third interest in the findingsB. because he was persuaded by the two miners to quit sup*ingC. by buying the shares of the otherD. as a land speculator4. The underlying reason for Tabor’s life career is ______.A. purely accidentalB. based on the *ysis of miner’s being very poor and their possibility of discovering profitable mining siteC. through the help from his second wifeD. he planned well and plished targets step by step5. If this passage is the first part of an article ,who might be introduced in the following part?A. Tabor’s life.B. Tabor’s second wife, El izabeth McCourt.C. Other colorful characters.D. Tabor’s other careers.答案解析:1. C 细节题。

12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配习题

12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配习题2016年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配习题2016年12月英语四级考试将在12月17日开考，为了帮助广大同学高效备考，以下是yjbys网店铺整理的关于英语四级长篇阅读匹配习题，供大家备考。

A Battle is Looming over Renewable Energy,and Fossil Fuel Interests are LosingA. In state capitals across the country,legislators are debating proposals to roll back environmental rules，prodded by industry and advocacy groups eager to curtail(缩减)regulations aimed at curbing greenhouse gases.B.The measures，which have been introduced in about 18 states，lie at the heart of an effort to expand to the state level the battle over fossil fuel and renewable energy.The new rules would trim or abolish climate mandates--including those that require utilities to use solar and wind energy,as well as proposed Environmental Protection Agency rules that would reduce carbon emissions from power plants.C.But the campaign—despite its backing from powerful groups such as Americans for Prosperity—has run into a surprising roadblock：the growing political clout of renewable-energy interests，even in rock-ribbed Republican states such as Kansas.D. The stage has been set for what one lobbyist called“trench warfare”as moneyed interests on both sides wrestle over some of the strongest regulations for promoting renewable energy.And the issues are likely to surface this fall in the midterm elections，as well，with Califomia billionaire Tom Steyer pouring money into various gubernatorial(州长的)andstate and federal legislative races to back candidates who support tough rules curbing pollution.E.The multi-pronged conservative effort to roll back regulations，begun more than a year ago，is supported by a loose，well.funded confederation that includes the U.S.Chamber of Commerce，the National Association of Manufacturers and conservative activist groups such as Americans for Prosperity,a politically active nonprofit organization founded in part by brothers David and Charles Koch.These groups argue that existing government rules violate free-market principles and will ultimately drive up costs for consumers.F.The proposed measures are similar from state to state.In some cases，the legislative language matches or closely resembles model bills and resolutions offered by the American Legislative Exchange Council(ALEC)，a free-market.oriented group of state lawmakers underwritten in part by Exxon Mobil，Koch Industries，Duke Energy and Peabody Energy.“Now more than ever is the time for states to lead the way,”ALEC’s top officials told its members at a meeting in December.G.The coalition campaigns have achieyed only symbolic victories in a few states.Nonbinding resolutions critical of the EPA power plant proposals have been approved in Alabama，Georgia，Nebraska，West Virginia and Wyoming.Three other states--Louisiana.Missouri and Ohio—are weighing legislation similar to the ALEC model.H.Only one of the 18 state legislatures has approved a more substantive measure that would replace the EPA’s power plant rules.And even that bill.in Kentucky,could backfire by giving up a chance for the state to design its own program and forcing it to accept a federal compliance program.I.“Clean energy is beginning to become mainstream，”said Gabe Eisner,executive director of the Energy and Policy Institute，a clean-energy think tank in Washington.“R enewable energy is popular and has increased political power now,”but，he added，“that power is still eclipsed by the resources of the fossil fuel industry.”A surprisingly tough fightJ.Kansas might be the best place to see how these dynamics are unfolding.K.The state was a promising choice for a foray(攻击)against rules known as renewable-energy standards.which set minimum levels of renewable-energy use by electric utilities.Variations of these rules have been adopted in about 30 states.even though Congress did not pass a federal version of the requirement.In Kansas，a law passed in 2009 requires utilities to use wind and solar power to generate at least 15 percent of their electricity bv 2016 and 20 percent by 2020.L.The coalition seeking the repeal of the renewable mandate had all the ingredients for success.Financial.muscle came from the Kansas Chamber of Commerce，which lobbied heavily for repeal.In addition，the state is home to Koch Industries，the Koch brothers’Wichita-based energy conglomerate(集团).The state representative for Wichita，Republican Dennis Hedke，has called the company“one of the greatest success stories in the world”and said“they are making very positive contributions.”Hedkechairs the state House’s Energy and Environment Committee.M.Koch Industries，along with the utility industry’s Edison Electric Institute and the nation’s biggest coalcompany,Peabody Energy,have supported ALEC.which advised state lawmakers on repeal strategy.N.“Koch has consistently opposed all subsidies and mandates across the board.especially as it relates to energy policy,”Philip Ellendea president and chief operating officer of Koch Companies Public Sector,said in a statement，citing the company’s opposition to the renewable fuel standard，wind production tax credit and ethanol(乙醇)mandate.“Government should not mandate the allocation or use of natural resources and raw materials in the production of goods.”O.The ideological case was supported by conservative think tanks.Kansans for Liberty supposed repeal.and the state branch of Americans for Prosperity told supporters that“green energy mandates replace the free-market with bureaucratic government oversight，driving up costs for hard—working Kansas families.”The national group has spent$300.000 in the state pushing for the rollback of renewable standards.P.Connections to key Kansas politicians also were stron9.Both the Kansas state Senate’s president.Susan Wagle，and the speaker of the state House，Ray Merrick，are members of the ALEC board and backed repeal.“The repeal of the RPS[Renewable Portfolio Standards]fits in line with the goals of the organization，”said Wagle，who said she joined ALEC in the 1990s in connection with her opposition to health-care reforln led by Hillary Rodham Clinton.then the first lady.Q.Moreover’t he Kansas economy relies heavily on fossil fuels.The state iS the nation’s 10th.1argest producer of crude oil and l 2th-largest of natural gas，according to the federal Energy Information Administration.In 2013，coal-fired power plants provided 61 percent of the state’s electricity,well above thenational average.But the strong winds that blow across Kansas have carried new interests into the state.Kansas ranks sixth in the country in wind output，which jumped by a third last year and equaled 19 percent of the state’s electricity,the EIA says.R. The growing number of wind farms not only generates power but royalties for landowners.Dorothy Barnett，executive director of the Climate and Energy Project，said that Kansas landowners receive more than$1 3 million a ye ar.“This issue is an issue that touches rural Kansans，and we have a lot of rural Kansas legislators，”she said.46.Resolutions with no binding force which are picky about the EPA power plant proposals have been accepted in many states such as Alabama and Georgia.47.It is hopeful to gain success if Kansas is chosen as the foray against the rules of renewable-energy standards which minimize the renewable-energy use by power plants.48.Koch Company’s Philip Ellender cited the company’s opposition to the renewable rules to approve its objection to all energy-policy-concerning subsidies and mandates，and advised that government let go of the allocation or use of materials used in goods production.49.The issue is a problem that concerns the benefits of people in the rural Kansas，and we have a great many lawmakers from rural parts of Kansas.50.The requirement to abolish the RPS complies with the organization’s targets.51.The methods adopted by the l 8 states are the kernel of the attempts to level up the battle between fossil fuel and renewable energy.52.The stage is established for the so-called“Wenchwarfare”，for the monetary benefits of both parts have been violated by the most powerful rules to spread renewable energy.53.The league which requires abolishing the renewable mandate had all the factors to achieve success.54.However,the winds that sweep across Kansas have brought new benefits to the state.55.The all-sided efforts which roll back the renewable rules have been backed by a confederation with abundant capital，the members of which go against the existing govemment rules.46.Resolutions with no binding force which are picky about the EPA power plant proposals have been accepted in many states such as Alabama and Georgia.那些对EPA电力公司的建议很挑剔的，不具有约束力的决议得到了阿拉巴马和佐治亚等州的支持。

12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题

12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题2016年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题四六级阅读是一个考验理解能力的部分，但是又是最容易涨分的一个部分，只要童鞋们平时多做练习多记一些常用词汇或者多掌握一些技巧，就可以不用OUT啦。

以下是yjbys网店铺整理的关于英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题，供大家备考。

Into an Unknown WorldA、Brain chips mean we are struggling to distinguish our own thoughts from ideas implanted by advertisers.Self-driving cars restrict old.school human drivers to special recreation parks.And the optimal(最佳的)number offingers is 12.5.B、Confused?It’s a vision of the world i n 25 years，as dreamed up by today’s researchers in computer-human interaction(CHI).C、CHI normally means investigating better ways for people to interact with devices we have now,but last week attendees at the annual conference in Toront0，Canada，got ahead of themselves.They created an imaginary conference agenda for 2039 that predicts the kinds of challenges we will face with future computers--many of which will be implanted.D、“It’s meant to be sort of the fringes(边缘)of human--computer interaction research，what’s really edgy or provocative，”says Eric Baumer of Cornell University in Ithaca，New York，who dreamed up the idea of the conference.“There’s a lot of retrospective thinking about the past，but there’s not as much thinking about what are the futures towa rd which we think we’re working.”E、We used the abstracts to create a list of the questions we—or more accurately.our cyborg descendants--might haveabout computers in 2039.Is it weird when my organs talk to each other?F、In an abstract entitled“My liver and my kidney compared notes”，IBM researcher Michael Muller,based in Cambridge，Massachusetts，looks at what happens when the implanted monitors on people’s intemal organs—a network he calls Arterionet--are able to share data and pool knowledge to offer enhanced health tips.G、His conclusion：“While most users were skeptical.many users proposed additional features that could lead to greater acceptance and compliance with such recommendations.”H、It’s worth thinking about how people might deal with health tips from organ monitors.Wearable technology that tracks your activity or your health status is slowly gaining popularity while researchers earlier this year implanted power-generating silicone strips on the hearts，lungs and diaphragms(横膈膜) of live cows，pigs and sheep.Muller says the biggest challenge to creating Arterionet will be figuring out how to fit the artificial intelligence in a sufficiently small and safe package.Why do plants need their own Facebook,again?I、To understand this question，you need to know about Plantastic，the brainchild of Bill Tomlinson and his colleagues at the University of California at Irvine.J、In their abstract，they reason that to make our food supply more sustainable，it may make sense to grow more fruits and vegetables close to home.But certain crops thrive when they’re grown in large quantities or alongside certain other plants--too tall all order for the average farmer.K、Enter Plantastic，which would advise what plants would work best for your area and tell you what people in theneighbourhood are growin9.Nanochips on plants would feed data back to the site.That information in turn could be used to 1earn more about what grows best in which environment.L、Assuming people will want to know whether this adds anythin9，T omlinson’s tea m created a fictional(虚构的)study that looks at l o backyard gardens over two growing seasons.It suggests that using Plantastic will increase yields by 4 to 12 percent.M、Tomlinson’s graduate student Juliet Norton is working on an early version of what the online system might look like.Autonomous cars have made driving so boring--what shall I do instead?N、Andreas Riener at the Institute for Pervasive Computing in Linz.Austria，has written an abstract that starts with a bold view of the future：“The first sel f-driving car cruised on our roads in 2019.Now,20 years after,it is time to review how this innovation has changed our mobility behaviour.”O、This vision is rooted in a real trend.Self-driving cars have been making headlines for several years now.They are legal to drive in the state of Nevada.and Google’s driverless car has already racked up hundreds of thousands of practice miles.P、Reiner’s contribution is to explore how this will change us.He predicts that once the robots take the wheel everywhere.many of us will lose interest in driving altogether.Fewer of us will own our own cars.Those who do won’t waste as much time pimping them out or driving around iust for fun.People who still love cars might have to seek their thrills in special“recreation parks”.w here they can drive manually in an artificial environment.“If the vehicles of the future are only a means to get from A to B，this car culture wouldget lost.”he says.Did I just think up that idea or did an advertiser implant it?Q、Multiple contributors to CHl 2039 ponder the future of brain implants.Whether it involves capturing input from each of our senses or recording neurons(神经元)directly in the brain，they assume that this one is a question not of if but when.And that could bring opportunities--and challenges.R、Shachar Maidenbaum of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem，Israel，envisions devices that could record our day-to-day experiences and then allow US to share our memories with one another,revolutionising courts，classrooms，and our social interactions.S、Daniel Gruen of IBM Research，meanwhile，envisions devices that could prompt your memory when you forget something.一with some darker consequences.“Imagine in the future that you have systems that help you with memory,”he says.“At what point do you start wondering.‘Wait.I’ve had an idea.Is that really mine or is that idea coming from somewhere else?”’So，what is the ideal number of fingers?T.、Ever strain yourself swiping across your iPhone screen?That problem would go away if you could have an extra thumb surgically(手术地)attached to your hand.U、That’s the starting point for a fictitious study of l 24 people who have chosen to augment their hands with bionic(仿生的)fingers--on average they have 13.4 digits.Johannes Schfnin9，a computer scientist at Hasselt University in Belgium，even comes to an intriguing conclusion：“The optimal finger count is l 2.5，with six normal—sized fingers on each hand and the dominant hand having an extra half-sized finger that can bemoved with 6 degrees of freedom.”V、It’s entertaining stuff but even SchSning admits that 25 years might not be long enough for this one to appear.46.In his article.Michael Muller investigates the consequences of Arterionet’s being capable of sharing information to supply extra strong health advices.47.CHI refers to the exploration ofbetter means for people to interact with today’s equipments，but during last week’s yearly meetin9，participants proposed a future vision of CHI.48.To prove if Plantastic is really helpful.T omlinson and his colleagues conducted an imaginary research which investigates l o family gardens over 2 planting seasons.49.Autonomous cars have become a hot topic since many years a90.50.It deserves to be taken into account that what people will do to treat the health secrets offered by organ monitoring units.51.In the paper,Tomlinson and his partners infer that to increase the endurability of our food supply,it is necessary to plant more fruits and vegetable near our houses.52.Bionic finger is an interesting stuff but even SchSning doubt whether it can be created during the next25 years.53.At the same time.IBM research Daniel Gruen imagines some kind of equipments that Call remind you of things you forget，which leads to bad results,54.We always think a lot about the past，but we seldom co nsider the future life we’re trying to create.55.In 2019.our roads saw in the first autonomous car.And the year 2039 is the time for us to consider to what extent this creation has transformed our moving styles.46.In his article.Michael Muller investigates theconsequences of Artefionet’s being capable of sharing information to supply extra strong health advices.在他的文章中，迈克尔·穆勒研究了Arterionet内部能够共享信息并提供养生秘诀时带来的后果。

12月英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配习题

12月英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配习题2016年12月英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配习题大学英语四六级考试就快要来临了，在这复习阶段，不如一起练习研究几份英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习，来加以提高。

希望这些练习题能为考生提供帮助。

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读How to Make Attractive and Effective PowerPointPresentationsA) Microsoft PowerPoint has dramatically changed the way in which academic and business presentations are made. This article outlines few tips on making more effective and attractive PowerPoint presentations.The TextB) Keep the wording clear and simple. Use active, visual language. Cut unnecessary words—a good rule of thumb is to cut paragraphs down to sentences, sentences into phrases, and phrases into key words. Limit the number of words and lines per slide. Try the Rule of Five-five words per line, five lines per slide. If too much text appears on one slide, use the AutoFit feature to split it between two slides. Click within the placeholder to display the AutoFit Options button (its symbol is two horizontal lines with arrows above and below), then click on the button and choose Split Text between Two Slides from the submenu.C) Font size for titles should be at least 36 to 40, while the text body should not be smaller than 24. Use only two font styles per slide—one for the title and the other for the text. Choose two fonts that visually contrast with each other. Garamond Medium Condensed and Impact are good for titles, while Garamond or Tempus Sans can be used for the text body.D) Embed the fonts in your presentation, if you are not sure whether the fonts used in the presentation are present in the computer that will be used for the presentation. To embed the fonts: (1) On the File menu, click Save As. (2) On the toolbar, click Tools, click Save Options, select the Embed TrueType Fonts check box, and then select Embed characters in use only.E) Use colors sparingly; two to three at most. You may use one color for all the titles and another for the text body. Beconsistent from slide to slide. Choose a font color that contrasts well with the background.F) Capitalizing the first letter of each word is good for the title of slides and suggests a more formal situation than having just the first letter of the first word capitalized. In bullet point lines, capitalize the first word and no other words unless they normally appear capped. Upper and lower case lettering is more readable than all capital letters. Moreover, current styles indicate that using all capital letters means you are shouting. If you have text that is in the wrong case, select the text, and then click Shift+F3 until it changes to the case style that you like. Clicking Shift+F3 toggles the text case between ALL CAPS, lower case, and Initial Capital styles.G) Use bold or italic typeface for emphasis. Avoid underlining, it clutters up the presentation. Don’t center bulleted lists or text. It is confusing to read. Left align unless you have a good reason not to. Run “spell check” on your show when finished.The BackgroundH) Keep the background consistent. Simple, light textured backgrounds work well. Complicated textures make the content hard to read. If you are planning to use many clips in your slides, select a white background. If the venue of your presentation is not adequately light-proof, select a dark-colored background and use any light color for text. Minimize the use of “bells and whistles ”such as sound effects, “flying words” and multiple transitions. Don’t use red in any fonts or backgrounds. It is an emotionally overwhelming color that is difficult to see and read.The ClipsI) Animations are best used subtly; too much flash and motion can distract and annoy viewers. Do not rely too heavilyon those images that were originally loaded on your computer with the rest of Office. You can easily find appropriate clips on any topic through Google Images. While searching for images, do not use long search phrases as is usually done while searching the web-use specific words.J) When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes and are in a .jpg format. Larger files can slow down your show. Keep graphs, charts and diagrams simple, if possible. Use bar graphs and pie charts instead of tables of data. The audience can then immediately pick up the relationships.The PresentationK) If you want your presentation to directly open in the slide show view, save it as a slide show file using the following steps. Open the presentation you want to save as a slide show. On the File menu, click Save As. In the Save as type list, click PowerPoint Show. Your slide show file will be saved with a ppt file extension. When you double-click on this file, it will automatically start your presentation in slide show view. When you’re done, PowerPoint automatically closes and you return to the desktop. If you want to edit the slide show file, you can always open it from PowerPoint by clicking Open on the File menu.L) Look at the audience, not at the slides, whenever possible. If using a laser pointer, don’t move it too fast. For example, if circling a number on the slide, do it slowly. Never point the laser at the audience. Black out the screen (use “B”on the keyboard) after the point has been made, to put the focus on you. Press the key again to continue your presentation.M) You can use the shortcut command [Ctrl]P to access the Pen tool during a slide show. Click with your mouse and drag to use the Pen tool to draw during your slide show. To eraseeverything you’ve drawn, press the E key. To turn off the Pen tool, press [Esc] once.MiscellaneousN) Master Slide Set-Up: The “master slide” will allow you to make changes that are reflected on every slide in your presentation. You can change fonts, colors, backgrounds, headers, and footers at the “master slide” level. First, go to the “View” menu. Pull down the “Master” menu. Select the “slide master” menu. You may now make changes at this level that meet your presentation needs.对应题目：1. The ways in which academic and business presentations are made have been changed by Microsoft PowerPoint.2. When making the PowerPoint, the wording of the text should not be complicated.3. In each slide, the font styles for the title and the text should contrast with each other.4. A more formal situation is capitalizing the first letter of the first word.5. Centering bulleted lists or text can not help to read.6. Sound effects should be used as less frequently as possible.7. When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes.8. When making the presentation, you should look at the audience as possible as you can.9. Pressing the E key can help you to erase everything you've drawn.10. In order to meet your presentation needs, you can make changes at the “slide master” level.答案参考：1. A A段讲到了微软的PowerPoint对学术及商业陈述形式的改变，可以直接定位到文章的首段。

12月英语四级考试阅读匹配模拟试题

12月英语四级考试阅读匹配模拟试题2016年12月英语四级考试阅读匹配模拟试题2016年12月英语四六级考试马上就要来临了，大家的.阅读练得怎么样了?以下是yjbys网店铺整理的关于英语四级考试阅读匹配模拟试题，供大家备考。

Definitions of ObesityA) How does one define when a person is considered to be obese and not just somewhat overweight? Height-weight tables give an approximate guideline as to whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage.B) The World Health Organization recommends using a formula that takes into account a person's height and weight. The "Body Mass Index" (BMI) is calculated by dividing the person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters, and is thus given in units of kg/m2. A BMI of 18.5-24.9 is considered to be the healthiest. A BMI of between 25 and 29.9 is considered to be overweight, while a BMI of over 30 is considered to be obese.C) However, it is recognized that this definition is limited as it does not take into account such variables as age, gender and ethnic origin, the latter being important as different ethnic groups have very different fat distributions. Another shortcoming is that it is not applicable to certain very muscular people such as athletes and bodybuilders, who can also have artificially high BMIs. Agencies such as the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) in the USA and the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF) are starting to define obesity in adults simply in terms of waist circumference.Health Effects of ObesityD) Over 2000 years ago, the Greek physician Hippocrates wrote that "persons who are naturally very fat are apt to die earlier than those who are slender". This observation remains very true today. Obesity has a major impact on a person's physical, social and emotional well-being. It increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 ("mature onset diabetes") and also makes Type 2 diabetes more difficult to control. Thus weight loss improves the levels of blood glucose and blood fats, and reduces blood pressure. The association between obesity and coronary heart disease is also well-known.CancerE) Furthermore, in 2001 medical researchers established a link between being overweight and certain forms of cancer, and estimated that nearly 10,000 Britons per year develop cancer as a result of being overweight. This figure was made up of 5,893 women and 3,220 men, with the strongest associations being with breast and colon cancers. However, it is thought that being overweight may also increase the risk of cancer in the reproductive organs for women and in the prostate gland for men.F) The link between breast cancer and nutritional status is thought to be due to thesteroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone, which are produced by the ovaries, and govern a woman's menstrual cycle. Researchers have found that the more a woman eats, or the more sedentary her lifestyle, the higher are the concentrations of progesterone. This link could explain why women from less affluent countries have lower rates of breast cancer. Women from less affluent nations tend to eat less food and to lead lifestyles which involve more daily movement. This lowers their progesterone level, resulting in lower predispositionto breast cancer.G) The Times newspaper, in 2002 reported that obesity was the main avoidable cause of cancer among non-smokers in the Western world!AgingH) Research published by St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK in 2005 showed a correlation between body fat and aging, to the extent that being obese added 8.8 years to a woman's biological age. The effect was exacerbated by smoking, and a non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added 7.4 years to their biological age. The combination of being obese and a smoker added at least ten years to a woman’s biological age, and although the study only involved women, the lead researcher Professor Tim Spector believes the finding would also apply to men.I) The aging effect was determined by measuring the length of telomeres, tiny "caps" on the ends of chromosomes, which help protect the DNA from the ageing process. Indeed, telomeres have been dubbed the "chromosomal clock" because, as an organism ages, they become progressively shorter, and can be used to determine the age of the organism. Beyond a certain point, the telomere becomes so short that it is no longer able to prevent the DNA of the chromosome from falling apart. It is believed that excess body fat, and the chemicals present in tobacco smoke release free radicals which trigger inflammation. Inflammation causes the production of white blood cells which increases the rate of erosion of telomeres.DementiaJ) Recent research (2005) conducted in the USA shows that obesity in middle age is linked to an increased risk of dementia,with obese people in their 40s being 74% more likely to develop dementia compared to those of normal weight. For those who are merely overweight, the lifetime risk of dementia risk was 35% higher.K) Scientists from the Aging Research Centre at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden have been able to take information such as age, number of years in education, gender, body mass index, blood pressure level, physical activity and genetic factors, assigning each a risk score. They then used this information to devise a predictive test for dementia. This test will enable people at risk, for the first time, to be able to affect lifestyle changes which will reduce their risk of contracting dementia.Other ProblemsL) The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, is of major economic concern, liable to drain economies. Of further concern is that research conducted in Australia and published in 2006, shows that up to one third of breech pregnancies were undetected by the traditional "palpation" examination, the danger being greatest for those women who are overweight or obese—a growing proportion of mothers. This means that such women are not getting the treatment required to turn the baby around in time for the birth, and in many cases require an emergency Caesarean section.M) This is a true health-care crisis, far bigger than Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and ultimately, even bigger than AIDS.对应题目：1. You can judge whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage according to the height-weight table.2. Using the "Body Mass Index"to define a person's weightideal is limited, because it does not takes into account many variables such as age, gender and ethnic origin.3. A person's emotional well-being would be affected by obesity.4. Obesity has something to do with cancer in the prostate gland for man.5. Women from less affluent nations tend to have much less breast cancer.6. A non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added7.4 years to her biological age.7. The excess body fat, like the chemicals present in tobacco smoke, can lead to inflammation.8. Obese people in middle age run an increased risk of dementia .9. The predictive test for dementia will help people to affect lifestyle changes that will reduce their risk of contracting dementia.10. The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, will possibly drain economies.参考答案：1. A2. C3. D4. E5. F6. H7. I8. J9. K 10. L。

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12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题2016年12月英语四级长篇阅读匹配试题BeingObjectiveonClimateChangestweek，CraigRucker,aclimate-changeskepticandtheexecutivedirectorofanonprofitorganizatio ncalledtheCommitteeforaConstructiveTomorrow(CFACT)，tweetedaquotationsupposedlytakenfroma1922editionoftheWashin gtonPost：“Withinafewyearsitispredictedduetoicemeltthese awillrise&ma kemostcoastalcitiesuninhabitable.”Theintent，ofcourse，wastopokefunatcurrentheadlinesaboutclimatechange.B.Rucker’sorganizationisamemberoftheCoolerHeadsCoalitio n，anumbrellaorganizationoperatedbytheCompetitiveEnterpriseIns titute，anonprofitthatpridesitselfonitsoppositiontoenvironmentalist s.Ruckerhimselfispartofanetworkofbloggers，op-cdwriters，andpolicy-shopexecutiveswhoarguethatclimatechangeiseitherahoaxorallex ampleofleft-winghysteria.Surfacingoldnewspaperclipsisoneoftheirfavorite games.Theyalsomakesubstantiveargumentsaboutclimatepolicy,bu tthesnipingmaybemoreeffective.Thereisnostrongerrhetoricalto olthanridicule.C.Inthiscase，Ruckcr’sridiculeseemsmisplaced.Afterspendingafewminutespok ingaroundonline，1wasabletofindboththeWashingtonPostarticleandthelongerSourC ematerialthatitcamefrom—aweatherreportissuedbytheU.S.consulinBergen，Norway,andsenttotheStateDepartmentonoctober10，1922.Thereportdidn’tsayanythingaboutcoastsbeinginundated.T hisisn’tsurprising.Scientistswetesmartbackthen，too,andtheyknewthatmeltingseaicew ouldn’tappreciablyraisese alevels.anymorethanameltingicecuberaisesthelevelofwaterinag lass.D.Ruckerultimatelycorrectedhistweetoncecommenterspointed outthemisquote.ThroughTwitter,heinformedmethathehadtakenthe linefromaWashingtonTimesop—edbyRichardRahn，aseniorf ellowattheCatoInstitute.WhenIcontactedRahn’soffice .apressrepresentativeacknowledgedthatRahnhadcopiedthequotef romotherbloggersandcolumnists;thefabricatedsentenceappearsi narticlesatreason.cornandtexasgopvote.corn.Thefabricatedlin eseemstohavebeeninsertedaround2011.buttheoriginalarticlehas beencirculatingonlinesince2007.E.Thestatementaboutrisingsealevelsaside，1922reallywasastrangeperiodintheSvalbardarchipelago.thearea describedbytheweatherreport.TheislandsliehalfwaybetweenNorw ayandtheNorthPole,atalatitudethatputsthemseveralhundredmile sfarthernorththanBarrow,alaska.“TheArcticseemstobewarmingu p.”thereportread.InAugustofthatyear,ageologistneartheislan dofSpitsbergensailedasfarnorthaseighty-onedegrees.twenty.nineminutesinice-freewater.Thiswashighlyunusual.Thepreviousseveralsummershad likewisebeenwarrn.Sealpopulationshadmovedfarthernorth，andformerlyunseenstretchesofcoastwerenowaccessible.F.Whatarewetotakefromthishistoricalevidence?Acentraltene tforRuckerandhiscolleaguesismattoday’ssea.iceretreat。

warmingsurfacetemperatures，andsimilarobservationsareshort-livedanomaliesofakindthatoftenhappenedinthepast—andthatoverzealousscientistsandgulliblemediaarequicktodrumu pcriseswherenoneexist.Favoriteexamplesincludenumerousnewspa perarticlesfromthenineteen.seventiesthatpredictedtheadvento fanewiceage.Infact.it'spossibletofindarticlesfromnearlyever ydecadeofthepastcenturythatseemtoimplyinformationaboutthecl imatethatturnedouttobeprematureorwrong.G.The1922articlehasbeenquotedrepeatedlybyRucker’scomrad es-in-armssinceits2007rebirthintheWashingtonTimes.Fornearlythatlo ng，scientistshavebeenobjecting.GavinSchmidt，aclimatemodelerandthedeputydirectoroftheNASAGoddardInstitut eforSpaceStudies，pointsoutthatwhatwasananomalyin1922isnowthenorm：thewatersnearSpitsbergenareclearoficeattheendofeverysummer. Moreimportant，long-termtemperatureandsea-icerecordsindicatethatthedramaticsea-iceretreatintheearlynineteen.twentieswasshort-lived.Italsooccurredlocallyaroundsvalbard—theunusualconditionsdidn’tevenencompassthewholeNorwegianSe a，letalonetherestoftheArctic.H.0vertheweekend，afterretractinghisprevioustweet，Ruckerpostedalinktoablogitemaboutadifferentarticle.thisonea 1932NewYorkTimesstory.Theeighty-year-oldheadlinereads，“TheNextGreatDelugeForecastByScience：MeltingPolarIceCapstoRaisetheLeveloftheSeasandFloodtheConti nents.”Thatonesoundedjuicy,and，indeed，thistimethetextwascorrect：thatreallyiswhattheheadlinesaid.Ironically,thelcadresearche rcitedinthepiecewasaGermanscientistnamedAlfredWegener,whoha ssometimesbeenconsideredaheroofclimate-changedeniersforacompletelydifferentreason.WegenerisknownforproposingthephenomenonofcontinentaldriftstartingaroundtheF irstWbridWar,Theideawasridiculedbeforegainingacceptanceinth enineteen-sixties，onceampleevidencehadbeenamassed.Wegener’slifcstory,then，isusedtosupporttheideathatthesmallnumberofresearchersinthef ieldwhodownplaytheriskofanthropogenicclimatechangewilloneda yprevail.I.Inreality,thepotentialforanthropogenicglobalwarmingwas beingdiscussedearlierthancontinentaldrift.andtookevenlonger togainwideacceptance.TheversatileProfessorWegenerwasageophy sicistandpolarresearcherwhospentmuchofhiscareerstudyingmete orologyinGreenland，andtryingtounlockthesecretsoftheEarth’spast.Hiselevatedpla ceinthecurrentclimate-changedebateisabstractedfromhistory.J.Inanycase，it’snotclearthatthebloggerslinkingtothe1932art iclereadmuch beyondtheheadline.Thcarticledoesdiscussacollapseoftheiceshe etsthatwouldraisesealevelsbymorethanahundredfeet—butitsaysthateventliesthirtytofortythousandyearsinthefuture .There’snothingwrongwithexaminingoldnewspaperarticlesforcl uesaboutclimateconditionsinthepast.Legitimateclimateresearc herslookathistoricaldocumentsofallkinds.However,agood-faithefforttoarriveatthetruthwouldnotrelyoncherry-pickingcatchyheadlines.Itwouldrequireconsideringthecontexta ndlookingatalltheevidence.Attheveryleast.itwouldn’tal lowfo rdeliberatedistortions.Apredictionthattheicecapsmightmeltby theyear42，000ishardlyallexampleofclimatealarmism.46.Unlikemeltingiceintheglass，themeltingseaicecannoteasilyraisesealevel.47.Ruckermaintainsthattheclimate.changeisjustaterriblefa ntasyoftheleft-wingorevenatotallydistrustfulmatter.48.Itisfairtosearchforeverypieceofevidencetoapproachthet ruthwithoutdistortion.49.AsforRucker,theclearpurposeoftweetingthisquotationist olaughatthearticlesaboutclimatechange.50.Thevariousunusualphenomenaaboutclimatechangearemerely non-existalarmsclaimedbythescientistsandmedia，wouldbeshort-lived.51.Thedrasticsea-icemeltoccurredaroundSvalbardwasonlylocalandlimited.52.Itisnormalforthewatersatnorthernlatitude81degrees，29minutestobecoveredwithice.53.Itisembracedthatthenumberofclimate-changeresearcherswillbemultipliedoneday.54.Itisironicfortheleadingfigureofclimate-changeopponentstoquotethispiece.55.Inreality,theuniversalinformationinarticlesaboutclima techangeiseventuallyprovedtobeunbelievable.46.Unlikemeltingiceintheglass，themeltingseaicecannoteasilyraisesealevel.与杯中的融冰不同，海中的融冰不会使海面快速升高。