大学英语阅读理解题及答案
大学英语六级阅读理解题目及答案
大学英语六级阅读理解题目及答案Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 1 to 10 are based on the following passage.Music and LanguageMusic and language are two different ---1--- that are often linked together. For example, they both involve a type of communication and have a ---2--- impact on our emotions. However, music and language are fundamentally different in a number of ways.Unlike language, which is composed of words and grammar, music is a ---3--- art form. It uses tones, melodies, rhythms, and harmonies to create emotional ---4---. Language, on the other hand, mainly conveys meaning through the use of words and sentences.Another difference between music and language is their development in humans. ---5--- learn language through exposure to conversations and practice, while music seems to be ---6---. We all have the ability torecognize and appreciate music, even without any formal training. This suggests that our musical abilities may be innate.Furthermore, music and language are processed in different areas of the brain. Language is mainly processed in the left hemisphere, whereas music is ---7--- in both the left and right hemispheres. Evidence has shown that certain ---8--- patients who have lost their ability to speak can still sing, indicating that music may be connected to different neural pathways (神经通路) than language.Despite their differences, music and language are closely related in some ways. Studies have shown that music can assist with language ---9---. For example, listening to music can help ESL students improve their pronunciation and intonation. Similarly, playing a musical instrument can enhance the linguistic abilities of children.In conclusion, while music and language share certain similarities in terms of communication and emotional impact, they also have distinct characteristics. Understanding the differences and connections between music and language can help us appreciate the beauty and uniqueness of each art form.1. [A] skills [B] forms [C] techniques [D] systems2. [A] significant [B] flexible [C] optional [D] limited3. [A] controversial [B] visual [C] sensory [D] practical4. [A] reactions [B] viewpoints [C] expectations [D] contributions5. [A] Babies [B] Adults [C] Animals [D] Artists6. [A] inherited [B] acquired [C] displayed [D] distributed7. [A] analyzed [B] noted [C] localized [D] bypassed8. [A] music-loving [B] language-deficient [C] brain-damaged [D] memory-impaired9. [A] practice [B] revision [C] acquisition [D] retentionSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage.Do You Prefer to Stay Single?A. It’s often said that a woman who puts a high priority on her career ends up lying alone on a Saturday night. However, my research on this subject shows that it is basically a myth. In fact, in my surveys I found that highly educated career women are just as likely to form successful marriages as other women, and actually more likely to make a good choice the second time around. By contrast, women who don’t care quite so much about their career and are more willing to settle for less than Mr. Right are more likely to end up single.B. Is marrying for love a good or bad thing? Most of us, it seems, would say, “Good, of course!” But are we really thinking? In reality, marrying purely for love may be less likely to lead to a satisfying marriage. Many psychologists now believe that people who expect marriage to provide happiness are often disappointed. Marrying who we fall in love with is a romantic idea. But psychologists have found it often means falling in love with someone like ourselves and who is familiar to us. Love and passion are often considered separate from friendship and companionship (交往、友谊).C. According to the latest research, newlyweds who feel good abouttheir marriage are healthier than those who don’t. The work is one of thefirst of its kind to show how much influence someone’s thoughts can haveon their health. Researchers measured the heart rate, blood pressure, and cholesterol (胆固醇) levels of 28 married women as they argued with their husbands and measured the levels of a chemical (化学物质) linked to heart disease. The women were asked before having a disagreement if they were happy in their marriages. When the researchers reviewed the results, they discovered that the women who said they had happier marriages also had lower levels of the chemical than those who said their marriages weren’t going well.D. It is a cultural stereotype that young women like to date older men. In a study of 18 to 24-year-old college students, researchers found that about 80% of men were interested in dating women who were significantly younger, while 85% of women were keen on dating older men. Many participants explained this interest in terms of desire for maturity, not money.E. In the past, people routinely built relationships with neighbors, families, and communities. Now, however, only two in 10 Americans indicate that they regularly spend time with their neighbors, and only one-third of Americans report regularly spending time with their families. Loneliness, experts now suggest, is twice as deadly as obesity (肥胖) and is as harmful as smoking 15 cigarettes a day. Additionally, loneliness can have a long-term impact on both physical and emotional health, increasing the risk for heart disease, depression, and premature death.F. In a research team studying married couples, researchers asked couples whether they felt close to their partners and if they had thought about separating from them. When the researchers reviewed the magnetic resonance imaging (磁共振成像) scans of the participants’ brains, they found that those who had thought about leaving their partners showed activity in the brain regions associated with a variety of negative emotions, such as anger and sadness. On the other hand, couples who felt close and secure with their partners showed greater activation in areas of the brain associated with reward and attachment.11. Couples who feel happy about their marriage have better health.12. Men tend to be interested in dating younger women, while women prefer older men.13. Good family relationships are becoming less common nowadays.14. Love marriages may not always lead to satisfactory marriages.15. People who put a high priority on their careers are less likely to end up single.答案1. B2. A3. C4. A5. D6. B7. C8. C9. A10. B11. C12. D13. E14. B15. A以上是关于大学英语六级阅读理解题目及答案的内容。
(完整版)大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案
As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbcIn the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcbThere are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbccAs she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on yourtoes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith didnot hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcdIf the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案
大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（一）There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot__.a.if we complete our short-range goalsb.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsc.if we write down the datesd.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon__.a.two yearsb.long-term goalsc.current activitiesd.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,__.a.we will win final successb.we are overwhelmedc.we should build up confidence of successd.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,__.a.we should stick to them until we complete themb.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesc.we had better wait for the exciting news of successd.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ___.a.those who habe long-term goals will succeedb.writing down the dates may discourage youc.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationd.every should have a goal答案：adcbc二The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 4 , the word “boom”could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60%b. 50%c. 33%d. 90%答案：cdabc三Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage ,we know that _____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia答案：ddabd四Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb五The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing答案：cacbd六As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbc七In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing."A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcb八There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc九As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcd十If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on Venus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd阅读理解限时训练与解析A（5minutes）I found out one time that doing a favor for someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the eighth grade at the time, and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl sitting next to me whispered something, but I didn’t understand. So I leaned over her way and found out that she was trying to ask me if I had an extra pen. She showed me that hers was out of ink and would not write. I happened to have an extra one, so I took it out of my pocket and put it on her desk.Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher asked me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed（解散）. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about what it meant to grow up; she talked about how important it was to stand on your own two feet and be responsible (负责任) for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized（强调）the fact that when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating（欺骗）themselves. She made me promise that I would think seriously（认真地）about all the things she had said, and then she told me I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me about all those things.Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. When she saw me lean over to talk to the girl next to me, it looked as if I was copying answers from the girl’s test paper. I tried to explain about the pen, but all she could say was it seemed very very strange to her that I hadn’t talked of anything about the pen the day she talked to me right after the test. Even if I tried to explain that I was just doing the girl a favor by letting her use my pen, I am sure she continued（继续）to believe that I had cheated on the test.1. The story took place（发生）exactly ____ .A. in the teacher’s officeB. in an exam roomC. in the schoolD. in the language lab2. The girl wanted to borrow a pen, because ____ .A. she had not brought a pen with herB. she had lost her own on her way to schoolC. there was something wrong with her ownD. her own had been taken away by someone3. The teacher saw all this, so she asked the boy ____ .A. to go on writing his paperB. to stop whisperingC. to leave the room immediatelyD. to stay behind after the exam4. The thing(s) emphasized in her talk was(were) ____ .A. honestyB. sense of dutyC. seriousnessD. all of the above5. The boy knew everything ____ .A. the moment he was asked to stay behindB. when the teacher started talking about honestyC. only some time laterD. when he was walking out of the roomB（7minutes）Some kids start to drink alcohol (酒精) at a young age. They think it is part of becoming an adult. They also think drinking is not that bad because so many people do it. They feel it is not as bad as taking drugs (毒品). It is easy for kids to get liquor （酒精饮料）by using fake identification (伪造证件).Parents may start to notice a change in their child’s behavior if the child starts drinking. Kids who drink sometimes stop doing things they normally liked to do. They may keep telephone calls and meetings a secret and not want anybody to touch their things. They act moody (喜怒无常) and do not have the same eating and sleeping habits.Parents need to stay involved (牵涉) in their kids’lives. They should talk to their children about their problems to be aware of any changes.Parents can be the best protection. Children who get a lot of love can feel good about themselves. It helps them resist（抵抗）doing bad things even when other kids are doing them. Parents can also help set a good example by not drinking and driving. They can have firm rules in the home that everyone follows.Give the children good ideas on how to say “no”to drinking, even when they are at a party. Try not to overreact or panic (惊慌) if the child tries alcohol. How you handle it can affect their attitude. It may be helpful to talk to other parents about setting up curfews (宵禁令) and rules about parties or other events.1. Which of the following is NOT the reason why some kids have an early start of drinking?A. They want to show their maturity (成熟) by drinking alcohol.B. Drinking alcohol is much cooler than taking drugs.C. They are affected by many other people around them.D. They can get liquor easily.2.According to the passage, what changes may happen to the kids who start drinking?A. Nothing serious will happen to them.B. They keep the same eating and sleeping habits.C. They can control their moods quite well.。
大学英语阅读理解18
一、阅读理解1、Teachers have become especially important to the future of public education in the U.S. But with the number of teachers increasing, the nation faces another problem － the shortage of teaching talents (人才). That's why hundreds of school districts across the country are looking for ways to attract, reward and keep good teachers. One of the most popular ideas is the system of merit pay, which aims to measure the quality of teachers' work and pay teachers according to the results of the measurement.Traditionally speaking, public schools' salaries are based on years that a teacher spends on the job and college credits he or she earned. It is a system supported by unions who suggest treating all teachers equally. Under this situation, the longer a teacher works, the more credits he or she is rewarded, and the higher salary he or she gets.But not all authorities (当局) accept this way to measure teacher's work efforts. Policymakers are now focusing on a relatively more measurable aspect: student test scores. In many districts, authorities are carrying out systems that can track student scores back to the teachers who have taught them. Based on the scores, the authorities may determine the bonuses (奖金) given to each teacher and, in some cases, target to help teachers make progress of their teaching quality. According to some researches, offering bonuses to teachers who raise student achievement will improve the overall quality of teaching. More importantly, it can attract more highly qualified talents into the field of education.It's hard to argue against these policies, which are indeed working, but such programs have backfired in some states. As far as I'm concerned, a more promising way is to combine the system of merit pay with more opportunities for professional training and exchange of experience for both the talent and novice (新手) teachers.(1)、The best title for the passage is ______.A：National Public EducationB：Public School SalariesC：Ways to Reward Good TeachersD：Professional Training答案： C评析：空(2)、The traditional system is supported by unions because they think _______.A：teachers can be treated equally in this wayB：teachers are rewarded and paid as individualsC：it is focused on credits instead of test scoresD：its measurement is reasonable and acceptable答案： A评析：空(3)、In devised systems, test scores are traced back to teachers in order to _____.A：compare them with their advantages and shortcomingsB：measure their competence and help them make progressC：share their experience and raise student achievementD：give each teacher an equal chance to being rewarded答案： B评析：此题没有评析(4)、The sentence "… such programs have already backfired in some states (paragraph 3)" shows that the programs____.A：are supported by the nationB：have reached its goalsC：are not worth tryingD：have some disadvantages答案： D评析：此题没有评析(5)、The author's attitude towards merit pay is _______.A：favorableB：criticalC：confusedD：neutral答案： B评析：此题没有评析2、 Since World War II, there has been a clearly discernible trend, especially among the growing group of college students, toward early marriage. Many youths begin dating in the first stages of adolescence, "go steady" through high school, and marry before their formal education has been completed. However, emotional maturity is no respecter of birthdays; it does not arrive automatically at twenty-one or twenty-five. Some achieve it surprisingly early, while others never do, even in three-score years and ten.Many students are marrying as an escape, not only from an unsatisfying home life, but also from their own personal problems of isolation and loneliness. And it can almost be put down as a dictum that any marriage seldom solves one's problems, more often, it merely makes them worse. Furthermore, it is doubtful whether the home is an institution that is capable of carrying all that the young are seeking to put into it. Young people correctly understand that their parents are wrong in believing that "success" is the ultimate good, but they erroneously believe that they themselves have found the true center of life's meaning. Their expectations of marriage are essentially utopian and therefore incapable of fulfillment. They want too much, and disappointments are often bound to follow.Shall we, then, join the chorus of "Miseries" over early marriage? One cannot generalize: all early marriages are not bad any more than all later ones are good. Satisfactory marriages are determined not by time, but by the emotional maturity of the partners. Therefore, each case must be judged on its own merits. If the early marriage is not an escape, if it is entered into with relatively few illusions or false expectations, and if it is economically feasible, why not? Good marriages can be made from sixteen to sixty, and so are bad ones.(1)、According to this article the trend toward early marriages __________.A：was the result of the Great Depression of the 1930'sB：could not be easily determinedC：is one that could be clearly seenD：is a result of the emotional maturity of the young答案： C评析：此题没有评析(2)、The author suggests that many of today's early marriages are a result of __________. A：escapismB：theological dictumC：lack of formal educationD：convenience答案： A评析：此题没有评析(3)、More often than not, early marriage will __________.A：not affect one's problemsB：solve a person's problemsC：intensify one's problemsD：ease one's problems答案： C评析：此题没有评析(4)、The author states that the home as an institution is __________.A：overratedB：unworthy of worshipC：a god who can grant everything that you wish forD：probably not capable of being what many young people expect it to be答案： D评析：此题没有评析(5)、Many young people who marry early believe that __________.A：their parents have found the true meaning of lifeB：they have found the true center of life's meaningC："success" is the ultimate goodD：to succeed is not at all important答案： B评析：此题没有评析二、词汇与语法1、If the rain doesn't stop, people will be faced ________ serious flooding.A：toB：aboutC：byD：with答案： D评析：此题没有评析2、The theory of class currently prevailing in the West is ______ based on what Max Weber,a German sociologist, proposed.A：fairlyB：kindlyC：largelyD：greatly答案： C评析：此题没有评析3、Part of the funds will be used to ___that old library to its original splendor.A：restB：recoverC：replaceD：restore答案： D评析：此题没有评析4、Since the shipment consists of seasonable goods, it should be ____as soon as possible. A：deletedB：demandedC：deliveredD：debated答案： C评析：此题没有评析5、The Chinese food ______ good.A：are tastedB：tastesC：is tastedD：taste答案： B评析：空6、You must speak slowly, so that you can make yourself ________.A：understoodB：being understoodC：understandingD：to be understood答案： A评析：空7、Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ______ it means standing in a queue all night.A：as ifB：providedC：even ifD：whatever答案： C评析：此题没有评析8、At that moment she was standing a few meters away from __________ we are now.A：whereB：whatC：whichD：there答案： A评析：此题没有评析9、Sometimes she feels very depressed, as if tomorrow _________ come.A：doesn'tB：wouldn'tC：mustn'tD：didn't答案： B评析：此题没有评析10、This famous temple is believed _________ about 800 years ago.A：being builtB：having builtC：to have builtD：to have been built答案： D评析：此题没有评析三、完型填空1、Certainly, the most popular method of traveling used by Americans is the privately-owned automobile. The vast majority of Americans have a car, and many families have two. 21 during your visit to the United States, you may decide to rent a car to travel outside the city or to travel to other parts of the country.Car rental companies are 22 in the telephone book and are located in most cities and towns.23 , there are usually rental cars at airports and train and bus stations. As is true everywherein the world, you can rent a car 24 the day, week, or month. Some companies 25 have special weekend rates that you may find especially interesting if you have only a limited 26 of time to travel around the area you are visiting. Since each company had its own rules and rates, it is a good idea to 27 prices among companies to get the best rates to suit your purposes. For example, most car rental costs 28 how long you plan to keep the car and how far you travel. However, some companies may include gasoline in their rates, but 29 do not. Some companies require that you 30 the car to its starting point; others will permit you to leave the car in another city. (1)、A：Some timeB：SometimesC：SometimeD：Some times答案： B评析：空(2)、A：writtenB：recordedC：copiedD：listed答案： D评析：空(3)、A：HoweverB：ThereforeC：In additionD：Consequently答案： C评析：空(4)、A：atB：inC：ofD：by答案： D评析：空(5)、A：stillB：evenC：andD：too答案： B评析：空(6)、A：amountB：numberC：quantityD：quality答案： A评析：空(7)、A：connectB：compareC：contrastD：combine答案： B评析：空(8)、A：insist onB：work onC：count onD：depend on答案： D评析：空(9)、A：the otherB：otherC：othersD：one another答案： C评析：空(10)、A：returnB：returnedC：must returnD：will return答案： A评析：空四、汉译英(1)、我们决心寻求这些复杂问题的答案。
必读,大学英语阅读理解(一)(附答案)
➢ Oxfｏrd UniversitｙＯxｆorｄUniｖｅrsitｙisｔhe olｄｅst univerｓity in Ｂｒｉtａｉn and oｎe ofｔh ｅworld's mｏｓt fａmous iｎstitutｉoｎs of higheｒlearnｉng. Oxford Univeｒｓｉｔy ｗas eｓtablisｈed ｄuring tｈe11０0'ｓ. Ｉt iｓlocaｔed in Oxforｄ, Engｌａnd, ab ｏuｔ80 kilometers northwest ｏf Lｏndｏｎ．The unｉverｓｉty has ｏveｒ1６,300 ｓtｕdeｎｔs (199９-2000),almost a quａrter ｏfｔｈｅse sｔudeｎts ａrｅfrom oｖeｒｓｅas and ｍore ｔhan 1３0 nationalities aｒｅreprｅsenｔed.Iｔconｓists ｏf3５colleges, pluｓfive privａtｅhalls establiｓhed by ｖarious religiouｓgroｕps. Tｈree of tｈe ｆｉve privatｅhalｌs aｒe fｏr meｎonly.Ofｔhe colleｇes,St. Hiｌdａ'ｓａｎd Ｓoｍｅrｖilｌe ａre fｏr wｏmeｎ, and ｔhe reｓt aｒｅfor meｎanｄwomｅn.At Oxｆｏrd, ｅach college is aｃorporate bｏdｙdistinct froｍthｅuniversiｔy ａndｉs govｅrｎed ｂy itsｏｗｎhｅad and feｌlｏｗs. Ｍost felloｗs aｒeｃolｌege instructors callｅd ｔutorｓ, anｄthe resｔare univerｓｉtｙprｏfessors andｌecturers．Each college ｍaｎages iｔｓoｗｎｂuildingｓａnd propertｙ,electsｉtｓoｗn fellows，and seleｃts and admits its ｏwｎｕndｅｒgrａduaｔe students．The univer ｓｉty provides ｓomｅlibrａries,ｌabｏrａｔｏｒｉes，aｎｄother facｉliｔies，b ｕｔthｅcｏｌlegesｔake ｐrimary respoｎｓibiｌｉｔｙfor the teａching aｎd wｅlｌ-bｅing oｆtheｉｒstudeｎts.Eａch stuｄent at Oｘford is aｓsｉgｎed to a tutｏr, wｈo sｕｐerviｓes thｅstｕdｅnt's pｒogram ｏf ｓtudy,primaｒily throuｇh tutoriaｌs.Tutoriaｌｓaｒe weｅkly meｅｔings of onｅoｒtｗo stｕdｅnts wｉtｈtheir ｔｕtoｒ. Studeｎts may see othｅr ｔuｔors for spｅcializｅd instｒuctｉoｎ. Ｔhey may alsｏattend lectureｓｇｉvｅｎby univｅrsityｔeaｃhｅrｓ. Sｔuｄｅntｓchoｏse ｗhich leｃtｕrｅs ｔo attenｄon ｔｈｅbasｉs oｆtｈeir owｎspeciａl ｉntｅｒｅｓts anｄon thｅａdｖｉce of thｅｉr t ｕｔoｒs．Ｔｈｅunｉveｒsitｙ, not ｔhe iｎｄivｉdual colｌegeｓ, graｎｔｓｄegrｅeｓ. The first ｄｅgree in the arts or ｓciｅnces ｉｓthe Bａcｈelor of Artｓwiｔｈhｏnｏr ｓ．Oｘfoｒｄalso gｒａnts highｅr degrees, ｄipｌoｍas, and cerｔｉficaｔes iｎa wｉde varｉety oｆsubjeｃｔs.ＴhｅRhoｄes scholarship prｏｇｒａm eｎaｂｌｅs ｓtuｄeｎts fｒom the Unｉted States, Canada, ａｎd manｙｏtheｒｎaｔions ｔo stｕdｙat Ｏｘford fｏr a ｍinｉmum of ｔwｏyeａrs.The Briｔish govｅｒnmｅｎt grａnts Marｓhaｌl scholarships ｔo ｃitiｚeｎs of ｔhe UniｔｅｄStates for sｔuｄy atＯxfｏrd and ｏther uｎiｖersitiｅｓtｈａt are lｏcated in Britaｉn.Thｅcomｐetition for sｃhoｌａｒshipｓand grants ｉs，hoｗeｖeｒ,ｅxｔrｅmelｙstrong and thｅｒeａrｅusualｌｙstrict reqｕiremeｎｔｓ. Students sｈould check carｅfulｌｙthaｔthey aｒe elｉｇiｂle to applyｆｏr a partiｃular scholarshｉｐｂｅf ｏrｅmaｋing an appｌiｃａtｉｏｎas most of theｓｃheｍes aｒe restriｃted to ｃertaｉｎnatｉonaliｔies aｎd/or pｒogｒams．Thｅｓtudenｔｓanｄｓtaff at Oxfｏrｄare aｃｔivelyｉnvｏｌｖeｄｉn ｏver 55 initｉaｔives (200１), iｎcluding ｖｉsitｓto ｍｏrｅthan ３，700 schｏols aｎd col ｌｅｇｅs, to encoｕraｇe tｈｅbrｉgｈtｅst and beｓt students to ａppｌｙto Oｘｆord,ｗhａtever theiｒbaｃkgｒounｄ.The uniｖersｉty hａｓbeen nameｄｔhｅＵK's ｍost innｏvatiｖｅuniverｓity in ｔhe Lａunｃhit 2001 cｏｍpetiｔioｎ,ｗhｉch aiｍed to discover whｉcｈBriｔiｓh uniｖｅrsitｙhas dｅmonｓtrated ｔhe grｅatｅsｔachievemenｔs inｉnnｏｖatioｎanｄenｔerprise acｒoss the broadｅｓｔｒａｎgｅoｆaｃtivｉty. Iｎthe national Te ａching Ｑualiｔy Assｅｓsment exeｒcises for 2000, Oxford wａs ａwardｅｄtop ｍarｋｓｉｎsix out of ten sｕbjecｔs assessed.Ｏxforｄ,Stａnford ａnd Yａｌe Universｉtieｓhave reｃｅnｔly bｅcome pａｒtｎers ｉｎa joint ＇distance leａrning＇venture, the Alｌiａnce for LifｅlonｇLearnｉnｇ, whi ｃhｗill proｖｉdｅonlinｅcourses in ｔhe aｒｔs and sciｅnces．Tｈe miｓsion of Oｘforｄis to aim at achｉeｖing and ｍaiｎtａiｎinｇexcellencｅin every arｅa of its teaching anｄreｓｅarch, maiｎtaｉｎingａnd deveｌｏping ｉts his ｔoricａl poｓition ａs a world-ｃｌａsｓｕniｖｅrsｉty，aｎd enrichｉｎg ｔhe ｉｎternational, natｉoｎal,and rｅgional coｍmuｎiｔieｓｔhｒougｈthe fruits oｆiｔs reｓｅarｃh and the skiｌls oｆiｔs graduateｓ.Ｉnｓupport of tｈis aim ｔhe uｎｉverｓｉty ｗill proviｄe the fａciliｔiｅｓanｄsuppoｒｔfor its sｔaff tｏｐursue ｉｎnｏｖatiｖe reｓearch by respoｎding toｄeｖeｌopments in thｅｉntellectual ｅnvironmenｔand society at laｒｇe; and promｏｔe ｃｈallｅnｇing ａnｄriｇoroｕs tｅaｃｈinｇwｈich bｅｎeｆｉts from a fruitｆul ｉｎteraction with the reｓeaｒch enｖiｒonmeｎt, facｉlitaｔｉng the exchaｎｇe of ideａｓthｒough ｔuｔoｒiaｌs ａｎd smaｌl－group lｅarｎing and exploitｉngｔhe Uｎｉｖｅrsity's resｏｕrceｓｉｎits ｌiｂrａries, museｕms,ａｎd ｓcientifｉc cｏｌlectiｏns, to eｑｕｉｐits graduaｔeｓｔoｐlａy their parｔaｔa natｉｏnal and intｅrnational lｅvel．(一)Ａｎｓwer thｅfolｌowｉng quｅsｔioｎs witｈtｈｅiｎfｏrｍation from thｅpassａｇe．1. Ｈow many international ｓtudｅntｓare stuｄyinｇaｔOｘford?2.Ｗhat doｅs a tutor do?3. Are ｇood stuｄents oｆteｎｇｒａｎtｅd a scholarｓhiｐ?Why or ｗhy not? ４.Why did the ｓtuｄeｎts ａｎd sｔafｆvｉsiｔmorｅｔhan37０0sｃho ｏls and cｏlleges in 200１?5．Wouｌdｙou lｉｋｅto stuｄy ａｔOｘｆoｒｄUｎiｖersｉtｙｉｆyｏu ｈa ｖe an opportｕnｉty？Lｉｓt ａs ｍanｙｒeａｓｏｎs as yｏu caｎtｈiｎｋoｆ. （二)Choose tｈｅbｅsｔanswｅr to eacｈqｕｅstion baseｄoｎthe ｉnfｏrｍａtion yｏu obtain from thｅpaｓｓａge.1. Ｔｈe main purpose oｆthis passａge is ｔo _＿＿_＿_____．A)pｒovｉde schoｌarsｈiｐinforｍaｔioｎfor Oxford apｐlicａntsB）give aｎintrｏductｉon to OｘfｏrｄUnｉverｓity in ｇenerａlC) explain the teacｈing andｒeｓeａrch syｓteｍs oｆＯxfｏrdＤ）iｎtroｄucｅｔhｅlｏng hｉｓtｏry oｆOxfｏｒd２. Ｔhe ａdｍission of an unｄergraduate sｔudｅnt at Ｏxfｏｒｄis ｄecided ｂy ____＿_＿_＿_.A)ｔhe ｕniversitｙB）a fellowＣ) a prｏｆessoｒD) the college3.__________ａｒｅeligibｌｅfor Ｍａｒshaｌｌscｈolaｒｓhｉps.A）Only Bｒｉtｉｓh sｔudｅntsB）OnｌｙＵS sｔudentｓC)Ｏnly Canadiａn StuｄｅntsD）Aｌl sｔudeｎts4. Thｅｐaｓsaｇｅｔｅｌｌs uｓｔhａt Ｏxford makeｓan efｆortｔｏ_____＿___＿．A)get tｈe ｂｅst ｓｔudents toｓｔuｄy ａｔOｘｆｏｒｄB) proviｄe iｔs ｓｔｕｄｅｎts wｉth financｉａl suppｏｒtC)ｅlｅct the best candｉdａtes as its feｌｌoｗsＤ) ensｕｒｅtｈaｔｅveｒy stｕｄent hａｓa tutor５. It caｎbe infｅｒred that__＿＿_____＿.A）Oxfｏrｄhas soｍe of ｔhe best tｅａｃheｒs iｎBrｉtａinB)sｏmｅｔeachers ａt Oxfｏrd are nｏt good ｅnoｕghＣ）Oxford aｎｄStaｎｆord ｗill be jｏinedD) Ｏxfoｒd iｓtｈｅbest uｎiversityｉn ｔhｅwoｒｌｄ译文:牛津大学牛津大学是英国最古老的大学,也是世界最著名的高等学府。
大学英语阅读真题及答案
大学英语阅读真题及答案因考试政策、内容不断变化与调整，下面给大家整理的大学阅读理解真题供参考，以下是小编给大家整理的大学英语阅读真题及答案，希望可以帮到大家Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D).You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage oneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Any veteran nicotine addict will testify that fancy packaging plays no role in the decision to keep smoking. So, it is argued, stripping cartons of their branding will trigger no mass movement to quit.But that isn’t why the government—under pressure from cancer charities, health workers and the Labour party—has agreed to legislate for standardized packaging. The theory is that smoking should be stripped of any appeal to discourage new generations from starting in the first place. Plain packaging would be another step in the reclassification of cigarettes from inviting consumer products to narcotics(麻醉剂).Naturally, the tobacco industry is violently opposed. No business likes to admit that it sells addictive poison as a lifestyle choice. That is why government has historically intervened, banning advertising, imposing health warnings and punitive (惩罚性的) duties. This approach has led over time to a fall in smoking with numbers having roughly halved since the 1970s. Evidence from Australia suggests plain packaging pushes society further along that road. Since tobacco as one of the biggest causes of premature death in the UK, a measure that tames the habit even by afraction is worth trying.So why has it taken so long? The Department of Health declared its intention to consider the move in November 2010 and consulted through 2012. But the plan was suspended in July 2013. It did not escape notice that a lobbying firm set up by Lynton Crosby, David Cameron’s election campaign director, had previously acted for Philip Morris International. (The prime minister denied there was a connection between his news adviser’s outside interests and the change in legislative programme.) In November 2013, after an unnecessary round of additional consultation, health minister Jane Ellison said the government was minded to proceed after all. Now we are told Members of Parliament (MPs) will have a free voice before parliament is dissolved in March.Parliament has in fact already authorised the government to tame the tobacco trade. MPs voted overwhelmingly in favour of Labour amendments to the children and families bill last February that included the power to regulate for plain packaging. With sufficient will in Downing Street this would have been done already. But strength of will is the missing ingredient where Mr. Cameron and public health are concerned. His attitude to state intervention has looked confused ever since his bizarre2006lament (叹息) that chocolate oranges placed seductively at supermarket check-outs fueled obesity.The government has moved reluctantly into a sensible public health policy, but with such obvious over-cautiousness that any political credit due belongs to the opposition. Without sustained external pressure it seems certain Mr. Cameron would still be hooked on the interests of big tobacco companies.46. What do chain smokers think of cigarette packaging?A) Fancy packaging can help to engage new smokers.B) It has little to do with the quality or taste of cigarettes.C) Plain packaging discourages non-smokers from taking up smoking.D) It has little impact on their decision whether or not to quit smoking.47. What has the UK government agreed to do concerning tobacco packaging?A) Pass a law to standardise cigarette packaging.B) Rid cigarette cartons of all advertisements.C) Subsidise companies to adopt plain packaging.D) Reclassify cigarettes according to packaging.48. What has happened in Australia where plain packaging is implemented?A) Premature death rates resulting from smoking have declined.B) The number of smokers has dropped more sharply than in the UK.C) The sales of tobacco substitutes have increased considerably.D) Cigarette sales have been falling far more quickly than in the UK.49. Why it taken so long for the UK government to consider plain packaging?A) Prime Minister Cameron has been reluctant to take action.B) There is strong opposition from veteran nicotine addicts.C) Many Members of Parliament are addicted to smoking.D) Pressure from tobacco manufacturers remains strong.50. What did Cameron say about chocolate oranges at supermarket checkouts?A) They fueled a lot of controversy.B) They made more British people obese.C) They attracted a lot of smokers.D) They had certain ingredients missing.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.What a waste of money!In return for an averageof£44,000 ofdebt,students get an average of only 14 hours of lecture and tutorial time a week in Britain. Annual fees have risen from£1,000 to $9,000 in the last decade. But contact time at university has barely risen at all. And graduating doesn’t even provide any guarantee of a decent job:sixin ten graduates today are in non-graduate jobs.No wonder it has become fashionable to denounce many universities as little more that elaboratecom-tricks(骗术). There’s a lotfor students to complain about the repayment threshold for paying back loans will be frozen for five years, meaning that lower-paid graduals have to start repaying their loans, and maintenance grants have been replaced by loans meaning that students from poorer backgrounds face higher debt than those with wealthier parents.Yet it still pays to go to university. If going to university doesn’t work out, students pay very little—if any—of their tuition fees back, you only start repaying when you are earning £21, 000 a year. Almost half of graduates—those who go on to earn less—will have a portion of their debt written off. It’s not just the lectures and tutorials that are important. Education is the sum of what students teach each other in between lectures and seminars. Students do not merely benefit while at university, studies show they go on to be healthier and happier than non-graduates, and also far more likely to vote.Whatever your talents, it is extraordinarily difficult to get a leading job in most fields without having been to university. Recruiters circle elite universities like vulturous(兀鹰). Many top firms will not even look at applications from those who lack a 2.1, i.e., an upper-second class degree, from an elite university. Students at university also meet those likely to be in leading jobs in the future, forming contacts for life. This might not be right, but school-leavers who fail to acknowledgeas much risk making the wrong decision about going to university.Perhaps the reason why so many universities offer their students so little is they know studying at a top university remains a brilliant investment even if you don’t learn anything .Studying at university will only become less attractive if employers shift their focus away from where someone went to university—and there is no sign of that happening anytime soon. School-leavers may moan, but they have little choice but to embrace university and the student debt that comes with it.51. What is the author’s opinion of going to university?A) It is worthwhile after all.B) It is simply a waste of time.C) It is hard to say whether it is good or bad.D) It is too expensive for most young people.52. What does the author say about the employment situation of British university graduates?A) Few of them are satisfied with the jobs they are offered.B) It usually takes a long time for them to find a decent job.C) Graduates from elite universities usually can get decent jobs.D) Most of them take jobs which don’t require a college degree.53. What does the author say is important for university students besides classroom instruction?A) Making sure to obtain an upper-second class degree.B) Practical skills they will need in their future careers.C) Interactions among themselves outside the classroom.D) Developing independent and creative thinking abilities.54. What is said to be an advantage of going to university?A) Learning how to take risks in an ever-changing world.B) Meeting people who will be helpful to you in the future.C) Having opportunities of playing a leading role in society.D) Gaining up-to-date knowledge in science and technology.55. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A) It is natural for students to make complaints about university education.B) Few students are willing to bear the burden of debt incurred at university.C) University education is becoming attractive to students who can afford it.D) The prestige of the university influences employers’ recruitment decisions.Section Cpassage one46. [D] It has little impact on their decision whether or not to quit smoking.47. [A] Pass a law to standardise cigarette packaging.48. [B] The number of smokes has dropped more sharply than in the UK.49. [A] Prime Minister Cameron has been reluctant to take action.50. [C] They made more British people obese.passage two51. [A] It is worthwhile after all.52. [D] Most of them take jobs which don't require a college degree.53. [C] Interactions among themselves outside the classroom.54. [B] Meting people who will be helpful to you in the future.55. [D] The prestige of the university influences employers' recruitment decisions.仔细阅读46. A it is unfair to those climate-venerable nations.细节题，题目定位词除了Paris climate agreement之外还有一个重点定位词critical，问作者为什么对此协议是批判态度，在文中并不是很明确找到。
大学英语四级阅读理解练习题和答案解析
大学英语四级阅读理解练习题和答案解析大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【原文】The Earth comprises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate (硅酸盐) that are semi-molten at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust There are two kinds of crust, a lower and denser oceanic crust and an upper，lighter continental crust found over only about 40 percent of the Earths surface. The rocks of the crust are of very different ages. Some continental rocks are over 3,000 million years old, while those of the ocean floor are less than 200 million years old. The crusts and the top, solid part of the mantle, totaling about 70 to 100 kilometers in thickness, at present appear to consist of about 15 rigid plates, 7 of which are very large. These plates move over the semi-molten lower mantleto produce all of the major topographical(地形学的)features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformation occur are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.There are three main types of zones of contact: spreading contacts where plates move apart, converging contacts where plates move towards each other, and transform contacts where plates slide past each other. Newoceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth s crust, for example, by volcanic eruptions (爆发) of lava (火山熔岩) at mid-ocean ridges. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents，a rift(裂缝) is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the tea. The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates moved in opposite directions. When two plates carrying continents collide, the continental blocks,too light to be drawn down, continue to float and therefore buckle (起褶皱) to form a mountain chain along the length of the margin of the plates.大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【题目】Choose correct answers to the question:1.The Earths crust______.A.can be classified into two typesB.is formed along the margins of the platesC.consists of semi-molten rocksD.is about 70 to 100 kilometers thick2.The 15 plates of the Earth are formed from ___.A.the oceanic crusts and continental crustsB.the crusts and the mantleC.the crusts and the top and solid part of the mantleD.the continental crusts and the solid part of the mantle3.Seriously-deformed zones appear _______A.whenever the crusts move over mantleB.when the plates move towards each otherC.in the narrow boundaries where two plates meetD.to be the major topographical feature of the Earth4.According to the second paragraph, the formation of the Atlantic Ocean is the example of_______.A.spreading contactsB.the influence of volcanic eruptionsC.converging contactsD.transform contacts5.This passage is probably_______.A.a newspaper advertisementB.a chapter of a novelC.an excerpt from a textbookD.a scientific report of new findings大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【答案】1.[A] 事实细节题。
大学英语阅读理解精选题,含答案
大学英语阅读理解精选题，含答案1.What happened to the bookseller one day?He lost a box of books.His foot was wounded by a box of books.（正确答案）He lent the doctor a box of books.He sold out all his books.2.The bookseller＇s wife asked him_________.to go out for some medicineto send somebody for a doctorto go to see the doctor（正确选项）to wait for the doctor to come3.The bookseller didn＇t take his wife＇s advice because________.he was afraid of the doctorhe didn＇t like to take medicinehe couldn＇t walk by himselfhe didn＇t want to pay the doctor（正确答案）4.The doctor paid________for the books.one poundtwo poundsnothing（正确答案）something5.The bookseller paid________money for seeing the doctor in the end.more（√）lessthe same amount ofno6.Newton is a place which________.used to be very cleanis no longer a cityis very clean（√）will be very clean7.When the government first ordered the people to kill rats,the people ________.asked for some money for each dead ratstole dead rats from the pilewere too lazy to kill many rats（正确选项）killed nearly all the rats quickly8.The people killed rats_________.to get money from the government（√）to help the government make the city cleanto make the government officer happyto protect(保护)their cats and dogs9.A deep hole was dug so that________.the rats couldn＇t come out to attack people at nightpeople could take rats from it easilypeople would kill more ratsnobody could take any rats from the pile（正确选项）10.What is the best topic for this passage?How to Kill RatsNewton-A City of RatsHow Newton Became a Very Clean Place（正确选项）How Newton Became a Famous City11.Mr.Forester lived________.with his family in a citywith his family in the countrysidealone in a cityalone in the countryside（正确答案）12.Tom_________went into town.oftenalwaysalmost never（正确答案）everyday13.The old people in the restaurant read their newspapers__________.with glasses on（正确选项）with glasses offwith glasses of beer in front of themwith glass pipes in their mouths14.The shop Tom went into sold_________.drinking glasses and cupsglass for windows and doorsglasses for people who could not readglasses for people who could not see well（正确答案）15.What kind of mistake did Tom make?He went to the wrong kind of shop.He didn＇t try on all the glasses in the shop.He thought that a person who had not learned to read would be able to do so if he wore glasses.（正确答案）He left his money in the restaurant16.James Thornhill was an English________.workerartist（正确答案）kingwriter17.He was ordered to_________.paint the wall of the king＇s palace in Englandpaint some pictures on the wall of the palace（正确答案）build a big platform in front of the palaceput up some new pictures on the old wall18.It took them_________to finish the pictures.a montha weektwelve months（正确答案）half a month19.James Thornhill felt that the________he was from the pictures,the ________they were.nearer...more beautifulfarther...more uglyfarther...more beautiful（正确答案）higher above...more good-looking20.The worker threw some paint at the pictures in order to________.save James＇life（正确答案）destroy the picturemake the picture more beautifulmake the king angry21.The topic sentence of Para.1is_________.Morgan Rees has always been a good businessman（正确答案）he used to own three petrol stations and was busy most of the timewhen Morgan Rees was65,he got retiredreluctantly,he handed over the business to his son22.The topic sentence of Para.2is____________.he didn＇t know what to do with himselfhe went on holiday to interesting places with his wifehe was unhappy after he got retired（√）none of them23.Which of the following statements can best express the main idea of Para.3?One day he saw an advertisement in the newspaper.He bought a small crockery factory in secret and started work again.（正确答案）He told his family he bought a small crockery factory.His family was horrified and worried when they learned he bought the small factory.24.What is the central idea of the last paragraph?Morgan Rees has worked until he is76.Morgan Rees has developed the export market and improved the profits by200%.Morgan Rees hasn’t been bored since he bought the factory.Since he started working again,Morgan Rees has expanded the company considerably,which has enriched his retired life.（√）25.The passage mainly deals with________.why Morgan Rees bought a small crockery factoryhow Morgan Rees lived his retired life more happily by turning to work again（正确选项）how Moran Rees became a good businessmanhow Moran Rees expanded the company considerably26.Why did John Preston call a meeting last week?Because the residents were dissatisfied with the present residents＇committee.Because the residents were dissatisfied with the bad management of the flats.（√）Because some residents requested to change the present residents＇committee.Because he wanted to become Chairman of the committee.27.Who elected John as chairman of the committee?The agent.The residents.（正确选项）The committee.Acacia Grove.28.What does the word"inactivity"mean in the third sentence in Para. l?WeaknessProgressStateLack of actions（√）29.What does the word"due"mean in the first sentence of Para.2?to be paid（正确答案）properowedlarge30.When did they agree to pay the next service payment?At the end of the month.Within one month.When they were happy with the plans to improve the property.（正确答案）The agent would tell them.31.This passage mainly tells us__________.the author and her brother used to like stamps very muchthe author had a very kind motherthe author and her brothers had an unforgettable experience in collecting stamps（√）their mother used to support them by working in the post office32.According to the passage,her mother worked in the post officeduring the weekon Saturdays（正确答案）on Sundaysfor six days33.Their mother told them to go to the post office straightaway after the match if England won,but she didn＇t tell them why.Why do you think she did that?She wanted to give them a surprise.（正确选项）She doubted if she would get the stamps.She forgot to do that.She thought it unnecessary to tell them the reason.34.What does the sentence"We were over the moon."mean?We jumped high.We were extremely happy about it.（正确答案）We watched the moon for a long time.We couldn＇t sleep the whole night.35.What is the best title for this passage?My ChildhoodMy MotherA Precious StampA Memorable Experience in Collecting Stamps（正确选项）36.Which of the following has become one of America＇s fastest growing businesses?Selling home furnishings.Renting furnished apartments.Selling used furniture.Renting home furnishings.（正确选项）37.Why do some people prefer to rent furniture?__________________Because the furniture they get in this way is new.Because it saves them a lot of money.Because it saves them much trouble and money.（正确选项）Because they can always get better quality furniture in this way.38.What can you infer from the passage?________________________The idea of renting furniture is not acceptable.Renting furniture is not popular in the couple＇s home town.（正确选项）Only those who don’t have enough money to rent furniture.People usually grow to like the furniture they have rented.39.Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? ______________Rent or Buy?A New Way of Getting Home Furnishings.（正确选项）Furnished Apartments.A New Idea40.Young people liked renting home furniture in that__________________they have less money.they don＇t want to buy old furniture.the new furniture is of good quality.they don＇t have much money and don＇t want to buy the cheap furniture.（正确选项）41.From Para.1,we know that in America______________.people tend to have a high opinion of the self-made man（√）people can always rise to the top through their won effortscollege professors win great respect from common workerspeople feel painful to mention their fathers as labors42.According to the passage,the hostess cooks dinner herself mainly because_____________servants in America are hard to getshe takes pride in what she can do herself（正确答案）she can hardly afford servantsit is easy to prepare a meal with canned food43.The underlined expression"wait on table"in Para2means"__________________".work in a furniture shopkeep accounts for a barwait to lay the tableserve customers in a restaurant（√）44.The author＇s attitude towards manual labor is______________.positive（√）negativehumorouscritical45.Which of the following could be the best title of the passage? ________________A Respectable Self-made FamilyAmerican Attitude toward Manual Labor（√）Characteristics of American CultureThe Development of Manual Labor46.The origin of language is_____________.a legend handed down from the pasta matter that is hidden or secreta question difficult to answera problem not yet solved（√）47.What is true about words?______________They are used to express feelings only.They can not be written down.They are simply sounds.（正确选项）They are mysterious.48.The real power of words consists in their_____________.propertiescharacteristicspeculiarityrepresentative function（正确选项）49.By"association"in the last paragraph,the author means___________.a special qualitya joining of ideas in the mind（正确答案）an appearance which is puzzlinga strange feature50.Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true?He is no more than a master of words.（正确答案）He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.He can move men to tears.His style is always charming.51.What does the author try to prove by citing"what kind of impression am I making?(Para.1)_________Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance.People＇s shyness made them care too much about their appearance and actions.（√）It＇s natural that shy people don＇t believe other＇s compliments.Shy people think they are different from others.52.According to the writer,self-awareness is__________.a good quality（正确选项）the cause of unhappinessharmful to peoplea weak point of shy people53.That shy people react to a compliment in such a way is___________.goodunrealvery reasonableharmful（正确选项）54.Which of the following statements is true,according to the passage? ____________Shyness helps us to develop our potentialShyness enables us to understand ourselves betterShyness can block our chances for a rich life（正确选项）Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem55.It can be inferred from the passage that shy people__________.should find more of their weaknessshould understand themselves in the right way（√）had better ignore their weaknesscan get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteem56.What is the main idea of this passage?_________It is not customary to telephone someone in the morning and in sleeping hours in the U.S.The role of time in social life over the world.（正确答案）If people are late,they may be regarded as impolite or not fully responsible in the U.S.Not every country treats the concept of time as the same.57.What does it mean in the passage if you call someone during his or her sleeping hours?A matter of work.A matter of life or death.（√）You want to see him or her.You want to make an appointment with him or her.58.Which of the following time is proper if you want to make an appointment with your friend in the U.S.A.?at7:00amat4:00pm（正确答案）at the midnightat4:00am59.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? _________In the U.S.A.guests tend to feel they are highly regarded if the invitation to a dinner party is extended only three or four days before the party date.No misunderstandings arise between people from different cultures about the concept of time.It may be considered foolish to make an appointment well in advance in thePromptness is valued highly in American life.（√）60.From the passage we can safely infer that___________it＇s a matter of life or death if you call someone in day time.the meaning of time differs in different parts of the world.（正确选项）it makes no difference in the U.S.whether you are early or late for a business party.if a person is late for a date,he needn＇t make some explanation.61.Our long-term goals mean a1ot________.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsif we complete the short-term goals（√）if we have dreams of the futureif we put forward some plans62.New short-term goals are built upon____________.a daily basisyour achievement in a weekcurrent activitiesthe goals that have been completed（正确选项）63.When we complete each step of our goals,_________.we will win final successwe are overwhelmedwe will build up our confidence to achieve success（正确选项）we should have strong desire for setting new goals64.What is the main idea of this passage?_____________Life is a dynamic thing.We should set up long-term goals.Different kinds of goals in life.（正确选项）The limitation of long-term goals.65.Which of the following statements is wrong according to the passage? __________The long-term goals cannot amount to very much without achieving short-term goals.The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals.Life is a static thing,thus never allowing a long-term goal to limit us.（正确选项）We should often add new short-term goals to what have been completed.66.What makes a scientist according to the passage?___________The tools he uses.The way he uses his tools.（正确答案）His ways of learning.The various tools he uses.67.The underlined part in the passage shows___________.the importance of informationthe importance of thinkingthe difference between scientists and ordinary people（正确答案）the difference between carpenters and people with other jobs68.A sound scientific theory should be one that___________.works not only under one set of conditions at one time,but also under the same conditions at other times（正确答案）does not allow any changes even under different conditionscan be used for many purposesleave no room for improvement69.The author quotes the case of Albert Einstein to illustrate______________.that measurements are keys to success m sciencethat accuracy of mathematicsthat investigations are important science（√）that the mathematical calculations may test his investigations70.What is the main idea of the passage?_____________The theory of relativity.Exactness is the core of science.Scientists are different from ordinary people.Exactness and ways of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.（正确答案）71.Which of the following statements is NOT true?___________People who love Nature prefer to live outside the city.People who work in London prefer to live in the country.（√）Some people enjoying city life prefer to work and live inside London.Many nature lovers,though working in London,prefer to live outside the city.72.With the same money__________,one can buy a little house with a garden in the country.getting a small flat with a gardenhaving a small flat with a gardenrenting a small flat without a garden（正确答案）buying a small flat without a garden73.When the garden is in blossom,it means that one__________has been rewarded.living in the countryhaving spent time working in the garden（√）having a garden of his ownhaving been digging,planting and watering74.People who think happiness lies in the town would feel that____________if they had to live outside London.their life was meaningless（√）their life was invaluablethey didn＇t deserve a happy lifethey were not worthy of their happy life75.The underlined phrase get from in the3rd paragraph refers to___________.deal withdo away withescape fromprevent from。
大学英语阅读理解练习题及答案
Passage 1Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go in to their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper. Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one’s own.Then, in the country one can really get away from the noise and hurry of busy working lives. Even though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the countr y. If one likes garden, one can spend one’s free time digging, planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden. Then, when the flowers and vegetables come up, one has got the reward together with those who have shared the secret of Nature.Some people, however, take no interest in country things: for them, happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance-halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnight’s (two weeks) visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night.1. Which of the following statements is NOT trueA. People who love Nature prefer to live outside the city.B. All the people who work in London prefer to live in the country.C. Some people enjoying city life prefer to work and live inside London.D. Many nature lovers, though working in London, prefer to live outside.2. With the same money needed for ________, one can buy a little house with a garden in the country.A. getting a small flat with a gardenB. having a small flat with a gardenC. renting a small flat without a gardenD. buying a small flat without a garden3. When the garden is in blossom, the one ________ has been rewarded.A. living in the countryB. having spent time working in the garden.C. having a garden of his own.D. having been digging, planting and watering4. People who think happiness lies in the city life would feel that ________ if they had to live outside London.A. their life was meaninglessB. their life was invaluableC. they didn’t d eserve a happy lifeD. they were not worthy of their happy life5. The underlined phrase “get away from” in the 3rd paragraph refers to ________.A. deal withB. do away withC. escape fromD. prevent from很多在伦敦工作的人喜欢住在伦敦郊外，然后每天乘火车、汽车和公交车去上班或上学。
大学英语一题库阅读理解_试卷_答案
大学英语一阅读理解一、阅读理解（共 505 题,共 101 分）1. Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since thefederal cigarette tax more than doubled —to $1. 01 per pack — smokers have jammed telephone“ quit crosslines” a the country seeking to kick the habit.This is not a surprise to public health advocates. They’ ve studied the effect of state tax increases for years, finding that smokers, especially teens, are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry, which fiercely fights every taxincrease.The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve publichealth, health, they raise money and most particularly, they deter people from taking up the habit as teens, whichis when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.In Manhattan, for instance, which has the highest tax in the nation, a pack of Marlboro Light Kings cost ＄ 10.06 at onedrugstore Wednesday. Charleston, S, C., where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation. The price was $4. 78.The influence is obvious.In New York, high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys—13.8%, far below the national average. Bycomparison, 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky, Other low-tax states have similarly depressing teen-smoking records.Hal Rogers, Representative from Kentucky, like those who are against high tobacco taxes, argues that the burden ofthe tax falls on low- income Americans“ who choosesmoketo.”That ’ s true, But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked inthe first place, As for today’ s adults, if the new tax drives them to quit, they will have more to spend on theirfamilies, cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.（1分）(1) The text is mainly about___________.（0.2分）A.the price of cigarettesB.the rate of teen smokingC.the effect of tobacco tax increaseD.the differences in tobacco tax rate标准答案：C(2) What does the author think is a surprise?（0.2分）A.Teen smokers are price sensitive.B.Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.C.Tobacco taxes improve public health.D.Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.标准答案：B(3) The underlined word "deter Paragraph”in 3 most probably means . （ 0.2 分）A.discardingB.removeC.benefitD.free标准答案：A(4) Rogers’ attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of .（0.2分）A.toleranceB.unconcernC.doubtD.sympathy标准答案： D(5) What can we learn from the last paragraph? （ 0.2 分）A.The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.B.Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.C.Future generations will be hooked on smoking.D.Adults will depend more on their families.标准答案： A2. Last August, Joe and Mary Mahoney began looking at colleges for their 17-year-old daughter, Maureen. With achecklist of criteria in hand, the Dallas family looked around the country visiting half a dozen schools. They soughta university that offered the teenager’ s intended major, one located neat a large city, and a campus where theirdaughter would be safe.“ The safety issue is a big one,” says Joe Mahoney, who quickly discovered he wasn in his worries. On campus tours other parents voiced similar concerns, and the same question was always asked :what about crime? But when college officials always gave the same answer—“ That ’ s not a problem here,” —Mahoney began to feel uneasy.“ No crime whatsoever?” comments Mahoney today.“ I just don’ t buy it.” Nor should he: in 1999 the U. S. Department of education had reent-count: 2.0; mports of nearly 400,000 serious crimes on or around our campuses.“ Parents need to understand that times have changed since they went to college, d Nichols, author”ofsays DaviCreating a Safe Campus.“ Campus crime mirrors the rest of the nation.”But getting accurate information isn ’ t easy. Colleges must report crime统计statistics(数字)by law, but some holdback for fear of bad publicity, leaving the honest on es looking dangerous.“ The truth may not always be serious,”warms S. Daniel Carter of Security on Campus, Inc. , the nation’ s leading campus safety watchdog group.To help concerned parents, Carter promised to visit campuses and talk to experts around the country to find outmajor crime issues and effective solutions.（1分）(1) The Mahoneys visited quite a few colleges last August ________（ 0.2 分）A.to express the opinions of many parentsB.to choose a right one four their daughterC.to check the cost of college educationD.to find a tight one near a large city标准答案： B(2) It is often difficult to get correct information on campus crime because some colleges ____（ 0.2 分）A.receive too many visitorsB.mirror the rest of the nationC.hide the truth of campus crimeD.have too many watchdog groups标准答案：C(3) The underlined word“ buy” in the third paragraph means（0.2分）A.mindB.admitC.believeD.expect标准答案：C(4) We learn from the text that“ the honest onesourth paragraph”inthemostf probably refers to colleges _____.（0.2 分）A.that are protected by campus securityB.that report campus crimes by lawC.that are free from campus crimeD.that enjoy very good publicity标准答案：B(5) What is the text mainly about?（0.2分）A.Exact campus crime statisticsB.Crimes on or around campusesC.Effective solutions to campus crimeD.Concerns about kids’ campus safety标准答案：D3.Superman, Spider-Man, Batman and Iron Man ... .There is no shortage of superheroes. You find them incomic books, on the TV and the big screen.In a survey of fans by the sci-fi ( 科幻 ) and fantasy website, , Batman, 70 years old this year, was voted Britain's favorite superhero.Unlike many crime-fighting superheroes Batman has no special powers. He can't fly like Superman or shoot asticky (粘性的 ) web like Spider-Man.Bruce Wayne is born to a wealthy Gotham City business family. However, when his parents are murdered his lifechanges completely.Wayne feels anger at their deaths and guilty that he did not prevent them. He travels around the world learning howto fight. Upon returning to Gotham, he creates a disguise ( 伪装 ) to enable him to fight crime without being recognized.A childhood fear of bats leads him to choose to dress as one. His idea is that through the bat persona ( 角色 ) he can prove to himself that he has overcome his childhood fears.Wayne is the CEO of the company he inherits ( 继承 ) from his father. He seems to live the lifestyle of a millionaire playboy. But this is a ruse ( 计策 ). He works hard at the image to allow himself the freedom he needs to do his work as a crime fighter. "Bruce Wayne, playboy" is the disguise; Batman is the real person."Wayne is not a born superhero. Instead, he is a real, complex person," said Dace Golder, editor of the website. "He is the most realistic of all the superheroes. I am particularly interested in the emotional process by which a boy becomes a hero. His superhero qualities come from within." （ 1 分）(1) What is the article mainly about?（0.2分）A.How Bruce Wayne develops into a superhero.B.How to overcome childhood fears.C.What makes a superhero.D.Why superheroes enjoy great popularity in Britain.标准答案：A(2) Batman differs from other superheroes in that .（0.2分）A.he was not a born superheroB.he had an unhappy childhoodC.he doesn't have any special powersD.he does his best to fight crime标准答案：C(3) Bruce Wayne decides to dress like a bat because of .（0.2分）A.his curiosity about batsB.his childhood fear of batsC.his parents' sudden deathD.his unusual travel experiences标准答案：B(4) Why does Wayne live like a playboy?（0.2分）A.He prefers the lifestyle of a playboy.B.He doesn't know how to run a company.C.He loves freedom more than anything else.D.He needs to disguise his crime fighting activities.标准答案：D(5) Which of the following statements is true about Batman?（0.2分）A.Batman is a born superheroB.He has special powersC.The turning point of his life is due to his parents' sudden deathD.He actually lives the lifestyle of a millionaire playboy标准答案：C4.History is full of cases where dreams have been a pathway to creativity and discovery. A striking example is provided by Dr. Otto Loewi, a pharmacologist ( 药理学家 ) and winner of a Nobel Prize. Loewi had spent years studying the chemical transmission ( 传送 ) of nerve impulses ( 脉搏 ). A major breakthrough in his research came when he dreamed of an experiment three nights in a row. The first two nights he woke up and wrote down the experiment quickly and untidily on paper. But the next morning, he couldn't tell what the notes meant. On the third night, he got up after having the dream. This time, instead of making notes he went straight to his laboratory and performed the important experiment. Loewi later said that if the experiment had occurred to him while awake he would not have given it another thought.Loewi's experiment gives some insight into using dreams to produce creative solutions. Nervous feelings are reduced during dreaming, which may be especially useful in solving problems that require a fresh point of view. Being able to take advantage of dreams for solving is improved if you "set" yourself before retiring. Before you go to bed, try to think intently about a problem you wish to solve. Bury yourself in the problem by stating it clearly and reviewing all relevant information. Then use the suggestions listed in the previous section to catch your dreams. Although this method is not guaranteed to produce an original solution or a new insight, it is certain to be an adventure. About half of a group of college students using the method for a week recalled a dream that helped them solve a personal problem. （ 1 分）(1) Through Loewi's experiment, the author tries to prove that .（ 0.2 分）A.very little is really known about the meaning of dreamsB.it is possible to "catch" one's dreams by planning before going to sleepC.dreams can be useful in producing creative solutions to one'sproblems D.it helped in the study of transmission of nerve impulses 标准答案： C(2) The first paragraph is mainly organized by .（0.2分）A.classifying types of experimentsB.summarizing the work of one researcherparing and exploring historical casesD.telling in time order about one man's research标准答案：D(3) If Loewi had thought of the experiment while awake, he would have .（ 0.2 分）A.asked someone else to do itB.thought it was a bad ideaC.tried it out on his ownD.thought it was a wise idea标准答案：B(4) The author probably thinks that .（0.2分）A.Loewi should not have conducted his experimentB.dreaming is of very little value to most peopleC.nervous feelings may stop someone thinking of useful ideasD.college students should not try out dream experiments标准答案：C(5) According to the passage, the author seems to be in favor of .（0.2分）A.seeking creative solutionsB.avoiding scientific experimentsC.nervous feelings before dreamsD.becoming a famous scientist标准答案：A5. Federal regulators Wednesday approved a plan to create a nationwide emergency alert ( 警报 ) system using textmessages delivered to cell phones.Text messages have exploded in popularity in recent years,particularly among young people.The wireless industrytrade association,CTIA,estimates ( 估计 ) more than 48 billion text messages are sent each month.The plan comes from the Warning Alert and Response Network Act,a 2006 federal law that requires improvement to thenation ’ s emergency alert system.The act tasked the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) with coming upwith new ways to alert the public about emergencies.“ The ability to deliver accurate and time ly warnings and alerts through cell phones and other mobile services isan important next step in our efforts to help ensure that the American public has the information they need to takeaction to protect themselves and their families before,and during,di sasters and other emergencies,” FCC Chairman Kevin Martin said following approval of the plan.Participation in the alert system by carriers－telecommunications companies－is voluntary,but it has received solidsupport from the wireless industry.The program would be optional for cell phone users.They also may not be charged for receiving alerts.There would be three different types of messages,according to the rules.The first would be a national alert from the president,likely involving a terrorist attack or natural disaster.The secondwould involve“ approaching threats” ,which could include natural disasters like hurricanes or storms or even university shootings.The third would be reserved for child abduction ( 绑架 ) emergencies,or so-called Amber Alerts.The service could be in place by 2010. （1 分）(1) What is the purpose of the approved plan?（0.2分）A.To warn people of emergencies via messages.B.To popularize the use of cell phones.C.To estimate the monthly number of messages.D.To promote the wireless industry.标准答案：A(2) The improvement to the present system is in the charge of .（0.2分）A.CTIAB.the Warning Alert and Response NetworkC.FCCD.federal regulators标准答案：C(3) The carriers’ participation in the system is determined（by0.2.分）A.the US federal governmentB.mobile phone usersC.the carriers themselvesD.the law of the United States标准答案：C(4) Which of the following is true of cell phone users?（0.2分）A.They must accept the alert service.B.They may enjoy the alert service for free.C.They must send the alerts to others.D.They may choose the types of messages.标准答案：B(5) An alert message will NOT be sent if .（0.2分）A.a child loses his wayB.a university shooting happensC.a natural disaster happensD.a terrorist attack occurs标准答案：A6. Negative （消极的） self talk and negative energy can affect you m many ways and cause you additionalstress． Because of this ， developing more Positive self talk’ s an important way to reduce stress．inYouyour lifecan help yourself maintain a positive frame of mind一which will help with positive self talk一by surroundingyourself with positive energy in your life．You can get that by adding some elements to your life．Listening to music that not only has a soothing melody，but an uplifting message，can be great for developingpositive self talk ． Have you ever had a song“ stuck in your head” for a few，hoursthelyricsordaysrepeatingthemselves in your mind?’’ If those lyrics were positive and inspirational，thatwould be a good thing. It’ s a much better mental soundtrack to have than a running stream of complaints，criticisms of self-limiting thoughts，or evensongs that had more depressing or sad lyrics.Books on strength, personal power, enlightenment, or self help can be good resources to help you change youroutlook and the things you say to yourself. Rather than bringing habitual self-defeating thoughts，you can findyourself thinking of new can-do concepts when times get tough．One of the most important ways you can get and keep positive energy in your life is with the company youkeep． Do your friends uplift you， or bring you down? Are they critical， or complementary? Ideal friendshipsprovide support when you’ re down, fun when you， wisdom’rewhenup you ’ re lost，and positive regard. Goodfriends can inspire you to reach greater heights， and see your strengths even when you don’ t always. Pay attention to how your friends make you feel，and if they’ re less than supportive，start putting your energy and time towardpeople who are better suited to be your friend.In addition ， positive affirmations（肯定） can certainly change your self talk from negative to positive． Now ，why not begin working positive affirmations into your life in some creative ways?（1 分）(1) What does the passage mainly talk about? （0.2 分）A.Reducing stress by surrounding yourself with positive energy.B.Adding some elements to your life.C.Getting positive energy from the company you keep.D.Changing your self talk with positive affirmation.标准答案： A(2) How many ways does the author suggest to maintain a positive frame of mind?（ 0.2 分）A.3 ．B.4 ．C.5．D.6 ．标准答案： B(3) If you have something“ stuck in your head” . you probably（ 0.2分） .A.keep singing the same song for a long timeB.keep thinking of this thing all the timeC.regard the lyrics of a song as positiveD.are developing positive self-talk标准答案： B(4) According to the passage ， your best company should be those who _____________________.（ 0.2 分）A.uplift you or bring you downB.provide fun w hen you’ re downC.encourage you to do things even betterD.are less than supportive标准答案： C(5) What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph?（ 0.2 分）A.How negative self talk influences a person．B.How positive self talk reduces stress in one ’ s life．C.Some great ways of making great friends．D.Some creative ways of practicing affirmation．标准答案： D7.Since weeks ago ， China has been involved a worldwide A/H 1 N 1 flu that has already killed more than80 people in the middle of May ， 2009 ， in Mexico and has turned into a global pandemic.The central government has asked people entering China from the virus-hit countries to report flu-like symptoms(症状 )to the authorities. In an emergency notice issued on Saturday night，the country’s top quality atchdogw orderedthe Customs to check passengers’ temperature，too.A Beijing airport official Li said Customs officers are on a high alert(警戒)level.“ Three temperature detectors are now in operation. We’ re ready with protection garments，andtoo. equipment Passengers flying in from Mexico and other A/H1N1 flu-hit countries are being monitored closely，” he said.The Ministry of Health ， however， said yesterday there was no evidence to suggest that a person would contractthe disease by eating pork.Hong Kong ， too ， has raised its alert level against the flu to“ serious＆”Health.Secretary，Mr.Yf or kFoodChow urged people to avoid visiting places from where A/H1N1 flu cases have been reported，and said the viruswould be added to Hong Kong’ s list of the diseaseshich havew been noticed.The terrible A/H1 N1 flu has been contracted by about 4000 people in Mexico，and most of the killed were aged between 25 and 45.The virus has also infected about 5000 people in the US. The US Center for Disease Control said this kind of virusis spreading from human to human ， raising fears of a global pandemic.（1分）(1) What is the passage mainly about?（0.2分）A.A/H1N1 flu killed more than 80 people.B.A/H1N1 flu is spreading from human to human.C.China has begun to take steps to prevent A/H1N1 flu.D.All the people are strongly affected by A/H1 N1 flu.标准答案：C(2) The underlined word“ pandemic” in the first paragraph probably（means0.2分）A.deathB.panicC.enemyD.disease标准答案：D(3) Why does the flu cause global fears?（0.2分）A.Because most people in the world eat pork.B.Because it’ s spreading from human to human.C.Because we still don’ t know the cause of it.D.Because it has infected about 5 ， 000 people.标准答案：B(4) According to the passage ， which of the following is TRUE?（0.2分）A.People would contract the A/H1N1 flu if they often eat pork.B.The virus of the A/H1N1 flu has infected people all over the world.C.People from AH1N1 flu—hit countries are all forbidden to enter China.D.People should avoid visiting places where A/H1N1 flu cases have been reported.标准答案：D(5) We can infer from the passage that .（0.2分）A.Students in the middle school are most likely infected by A/H1N1 flu.B.A person would be infected by the virus by eating pork.C.Passengers from the United States are being monitored closely.’ s list of the diseases.D.Mr. York Chow said that the virus had been added to Hong Kong 标准答案： C8.People living on parts of the south coast of England face a serious problem. In 1993, the owners of a large hotel andof several houses discovered, to their horror, that their gardens had disappeared overnight. The sea had eateninto the soft limestone cliffs on which they had been built. While experts were studying the problem, the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether, sliding down the cliff and into the sea.Erosion ( 侵蚀 ) of the white cliffs along the south coast of England has always been a problem but it has becomemore serious in recent years. Dozens of homes have had to be abandoned as the sea has crept farther and farther inland. Experts have studied the areas most affected and have drawn up a map for local people, forecasting theyear in which their homes will be swallowed up by the hungry sea.Angry owners have called on the Government to erect sea defenses to protect their homes. Government surveyors have pointed out that in most cases, this is impossible. New sea walls would cost hundreds of millions of pounds and would merely make the waves and currents go further along the coast, shifting the problem from one area to another. The danger is likely to continue, they say, until the waves reach an inland area of hard rock which will not be eatenas limestone is. Meanwhile, if you want to buy a cheap house with an uncertain future, apply to a house agent in oneof the threatened areas on the south coast of England. You can get a house for a knockdown price but it may turnout to be a knockdown home. （ 1 分）(1) What is the cause of the problem that people living on parts of the south coast of England face?（ 0.2 分）A.The disappearance of hotels, houses and gardens.B.The experts’ lack of knowledge.C.The rising of the sea level.D.The washing-away of limestone cliffs.标准答案： D(2) The erosion of the white cliffs in the south of England ________.（ 0.2 分）A.will soon become a problem for people living in central EnglandB.has now become a threat to the local residentsC.is quickly changing the map of EnglandD.can be stopped if proper measures are taken标准答案： B(3) The experts’ studythe onproblem of erosion can ________. （ 0.2 分）A.lead to its eventual solutionB.provide an effective way to slow it downC.help to prevent it from worseningD.warn people whose homes are in danger标准答案：D(4) It is not feasible to build sea defenses to protect against erosion because ________.（0.2分）A.it is too costly and will endanger neighbouring areasB.the government is too slow in taking actionC.they will be easily knocked down by waves and currentsD.house agents along the coast do not support the idea标准答案：A(5) According to the author, when buying a house along the south coast of England, people should ________.（ 0.2分）A.be aware of the potential danger involvedB.guard against being cheated by the house agentC.take the quality of the house into considerationD.examine the house carefully before making a decision标准答案：A9. Americans are pound of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general．Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professionalthan civilian （百姓的） clothes ． People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform ． The television repairman who wears uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes ． Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform ． What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity （身份） than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many practical benefits． They save on other clothes ． They save on laundry bills ． They are tax-deductible （可减税的）． They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them． Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement ． When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least.Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems ． Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes ． Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes.（1 分）(1) It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality _______.（ 0.2 分）A.still judge a man by his clothesB.hold the uniform in such high regardC.enjoy having a professional identityD.will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform标准答案： B(2) People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform _______.（ 0.2 分）A.suggests quality workB.discards his social identityC.appears to be more practicalD.looks superior to a person in civilian clothes标准答案： A(3) The chief function of a uniform is to _______.（ 0.2 分）A.provide practical benefits to the wearerB.make the wearer catch the public eyeC.inspire the wearer’ s confidence in himselfD.provide the wearer with a professional identity标准答案： D(4) According to the passage, people wearing uniforms _______.（ 0.2 分）A.are usually helpfulB.have little or no individual freedomC.tend to lose their individualityD.enjoy greater popularity标准答案： C(5) The best title for this passage would be _______.（ 0.2 分）A.Uniforms and SocietyB.The Importance of Wearing a UniformC.Practical Benefits of Wearing a UniformD.Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms标准答案： D10. Priscilla Ouchida’ s- efficient“energy ” house turned out to be a horrible dream. When she and her engineerhusband married a few years ago, they built a $100,000, three-bedroom home in California. Tightly sealed toprevent air leaks, the house was equipped with small double-paned ( 双层玻璃的 ) windows and several otherenergy-saving features. Problems began as soon as the couple moved in,however. Priscilla’ s eyes burned. Her throatwas constantly dry. She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep. It was as though she had suddenlydeveloped a strange illness.Experts finally traced the cause of her illness. The level of formaldehyde (甲醛 ) gas in her kitchen was twice themaximum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers. The source of the gas? Her new kitchen cabinets andwall-to-wall carpeting.The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution, which is not given sufficient attention partly because of thenation ’ s drive to save energy. The problem itself isn’ t new. “ The indoor environment was dirty long before en conservation came along,” says Moschandreas, a pollution scientist at Geomet Technologies in Maryland.conservation has tended to accentuate the situation in some cases.”The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones. Back in the dayswhen energy was cheap, home builders didn’ t worry much about unsealed cracksauseof.Becsuch leaks, the air inan average home was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour. As a result, the pollutants generated inmost households seldom build up to dangerous levels. （ 1 分）(1) It can be learned from the passage that the Ouchidas house ________.（0.2分）A.is well worth the money spent on its constructionB.is almost faultless from the point of energy conservationC.failed to meet energy conservation standardsD.was designed and constructed in a scientific way标准答案：B(2) What m ade the Ouchidas’ new house a horrible dream?（0.2分）ck of fresh air.B.Poor quality of building materials.C.Gas leakage in the kitchen.D.The newly painted walls.标准答案：A(3) The word“ accentuate” (Line 4, Para. 3) most probably means（0.2分“）________” .A.relieveB.accelerateC.worsenD.improve标准答案：C(4) Why were cracks in old houses not a big concern?（0.2分）。
大学英语阅读题以及答案
阅读理解(共75小题, 75分)作业与测试 > 测试分析阅读理解75题，总分值：75分Directions：Read the following passages carefully. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to each question.Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community. Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that governments are increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors in order to step up production and ensure that it is utilized (利用) to the best advantage. For example, they may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their own research centers; they may alter the structure of education, or interfere in order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or develop resources hitherto (到目前为止) unexploited; or they may cooperate directly in the growingnumber of international projects related to scientific and technological manpower of all kinds.Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations (创新) for the reasons given above. At the same time, the normal rate of social change throughout the world is taking place at a vastly accelerated speed compared with the past. For example, in the early industrialized countries of Europe, the process of industrialization —with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed —was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems for the governments concerned. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements —themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect.1)What is believed to directly affect the welfare of people according to the passage?A. Varying measures of centralized controlB. Economic strength and wealth of the community.C. Economists and operational research experts.D. Help of specialized scientists.2)How can the governments do to promote the production?A. By interfering in different sectors that can promote science and technology to ensure smooth operationB. By asking the scientists and technologists to improve efficiency.C. By utilizing natural resources to the best advantage.D. By changing the structure of education to train more scientists.3)What can be inferred from the development in mass-communications?A. People are constantly changing their customs and ideas.B. People always want something new and remarkable to feel better.C. Governments are under greater pressure of bringing about new inventions.D. Governments are often forced to keep up with new customs and ideas.4)What has posed pressures and problems for the governments concerned according to the passage?A. Social changes throughout the world are speeding up compared with the past.B. The rate of social changes in the early industrialized countries is becoming slow now.C. The far-reaching changes in social patterns can be spread over in a developing country within a decade.D. The normal rate of social changes is taking place at a steady speed.5)Why are governments becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists?A. Because governments need to handle social stresses and problems.B. Because governments want to learn from early industrialized countries.C. Because governments have to make modern means of transport relatively easy.D. Because governments need them for the industrialization of their own countries.参考答案：1) B 2) A 3) C 4) A 5) A解析：（无）∧收起解析Why do smokers tend to weigh less than nonsmokers and gain weight when they give up the habit?Contrary to “common knowledge”, nonsmokers do not generally eat more than smokers, nor do they exercise less, studies find. Research performed on smokers at rest indicates that nicotine (尼古丁) itself can increase basal metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates, meaning smokers burn more energy than nonsmokers during periods of inactivity. But surveys suggest most smokers smoke not while completely at rest, but while performing light activities such as desk work that can increase metabolic rates by two or three times. Unless nicotine’s metabolic effects increase proportionally with metabolic rates, its influence on weight might be insignificant.Now a study shows that nicotine’s effects on body-fuel consumption indeed increase proportionally with increases in activity. “These results indicate that the metabolic effect of nicotine may play a greater part in accounting for body-weight differences betweensmokers and nonsmokers than was previously believed,”says Kenneth A. Perkins and his colleagues at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.The researchers gave a nicotine nose spray to individuals performing light work —in this case riding an exercise bicycle modified to allow easy riding while subjects remain seated in a comfortable armchair. The activity raised resting metabolic rates two to three times.By analyzing air breathed out, the researchers calculated energy consumption in the armchair bicyclists before and after giving the nose spray and compared the relative changes with subjects in the control group given placebo (（试验药物用的）无效对照剂) nose sprays. Relative to their baseline bicycle expenditures, individuals in the nicotine group expended considerably more energy than did those in control group while doing the same amount of work. With nicotine, Perkins says, “It’s as if the body is becoming much less efficient in using its stored energy.”While the results may seem discouraging to smokers who’d like to quit without gaining weight, Perkins notes that walking an extra mile a day should make up for the difference in metabolic efficiency. And he says smokers would have to gain “well more than 50 pounds”to counterbalance the health risks of continued smoking.6)What might “common knowledge”say about smokers and nonsmokers?A. Smokers eat more and exercise less than nonsmokers.B. Smokers eat less and exercise more than nonsmokers.C. Smokers eat more and exercise more than nonsmokers.D. Smokers eat less and exercise less than nonsmokers.7)When might nicotine influence smokers’weight significantly?A. While smokers are at rest.B. While smokers are exercising.C. When Nicotine’s metabolic effects and metabolic rates increase at the same rate.D. When Nicotine’s metabolic effects increase proportionally with the amount of light activities.8)The word “subjects”in the fourth paragraph means .A. researchersB. addicted smokersC. people under medical treatmentD. people undergoing an experiment9)What have the researchers found out in their study?A. People in the nicotine group consumed more energy.B. People in the control group breathed out more air.C. People without nicotine nose spray are becoming much less efficient in using energy.D. People in the armchair expended more energy than people doing desk work.10)Why do the study results seem discouraging to some smokers according to the passage?A. Because they want to keep fit without having to quit smoking.B. Because they want to quit smoking and still keep fit.C. Because they want to gain weight to tackle the health risks of continued smoking.D. Because they want to walking an extra mile a day to lose some weight.参考答案：6) B 7) C 8) D 9) A 10) B解析：（无）∧收起解析According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge. Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. In short, a leader of the new school contends (声称), the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable (无数的) directions.Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation (创新) have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments.The core of the argument of a technology-yes, genius-no advocate was an analysis of Galileo’s role at the start of the scientific revolution. The wisdom of the day was derived from Ptolemy, an astronomer of the second century, whose elaborate system of the skyput Earth at the center of all heavenly motions. Galileo’s greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the first person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the earth. But the real hero of the story, according to the new school of scientists, was the long evolution in the improvement of machinery for making eyeglasses.Federal policy is necessarily involved in the technology vs. genius dispute. Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa (反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force. 11)What leads to the expansion of science in terms of the new school of scientists?A. The creative ideas of the great minds.B. The scientific knowledge of the geniuses.C. The improvement of ordinary tools and techniques.D. The neglected force in scientific innovations.12)What is the nature of scientific revolution according to a leader of the new school?A. It helps to invent a series of new instruments.B. It is actually the result of the development of a series of instruments.C. It pushes the science toward a particular direction.D. It has improved the techniques in innumerable directions.13)Why does modern school of scientists pay attention to the invention and improvement of tools and technology?A. Because they can be applied in scientific experiments.B. Because they are greatly admired by scientists and inventors.C. Because they are overlooked by historians and philosophers.D. Because they can be served as a source of basic innovations.14)What can be inferred from the statement “the real hero of the story, …, was the long evolution in the improvement of machinery for making eyeglasses”?A. The role of Galileo at the start of the scientific revolution was underestimated.B. Ptolemy was the first astronomer to elaborate the system of heavenly motions.C. The improved technology and machinery contributed to Galileo’s great discovery.D. Galileo proved that the sun rather than the earth is the center of the universe.15)What conclusion can be drawn from the last paragraph?A. The government’s decision on its finance allocation is determined by its opinion on the priority between science and technology.B. The government has developed pure science at the expense of technology.C. The government has attached more importance to technology than pure science.D. The government will no longer increase the financial support to pure science.参考答案：11) C 12) B 13) D 14) C 15) A解析：（无）∧收起解析Recently there has been a tendency to sympathize with thieves whose operations have been carried out on a grand scale, and no attempt whatever has been made to hold them responsible. Some of the most thievish (像窃贼的) transactions have flourished and are still flourishing. Their success and their wealth are the only things recognized. They arehonored as financiers and men of affairs, looked up to and respected.In reality they are nothing more and nothing less than a lot of merciless and heartless thieves. Fraud is fraud and cheating is cheating despite the artistic manner in which it is committed or the size of the scale upon which it is operated.It is time these men were classed properly and placed where they rightly belong, for they are no better than the miserable sneak-thief who steals a penny from a blind man’s dog.For the past two or three years working people who have made sacrifices to save a few pennies have been cheated most unmercifully. Their hard-earned savings have been stolen from them by every possible scheme from the obvious looting (打劫) of a bank to the higher and more artistic method of legalized high risk, complex financial products. Men high up in the financial world have lent their names to some of the most shady and notorious schemes that ever dishonored a community or a people. Because of this the most diligent and economical (节俭的) American people have been induced to place their hard-earned and carefully guarded savings in what they were led to believe was a safe investment, only to find out when too late that they had fallen into the hands of a gang of extremely respectable cheats. They cannot recover what they have lost.The thief is too powerful to be affected by the law while the victim is too weak to put its machinery in motion. It may be that the law is defective, or it may be that those having its machinery in charge are influenced by the wealth of the transgressors (违犯者). Whatever or whichever it is that is responsible ought to be investigated and the evil remedied.16)What does the tendency mentioned in the first paragraph reflect?A. People only respect success and wealth without any moral judgment.B. People prefer to carry out operations on a grand scale.C. People have made attempt to hold thieves responsible.D. People encourage some of the most thievish transactions to flourish.17)How did working people lose their hard-earned savings?A. They were robbed by the thieves nearby.B. They were unlucky in investment.C. They lent their money to men high up in the financial world.D. They were cheated by the bank.18)When the writer says “a gang of extremely respectable cheats”in Paragraph Four, it is implied that .A. they are respectable in artistic cheatingB. they are well-educated but ill-behavedC. they are not well-educated but respectedD. they are cheats with respectable goals19)What could be a possible reason for the thieves to escape from law according to the passage?A. They are powerful enough to ignore the law.B. There are defects in the law.C. The victim is too weak to investigate them.D. They are wealthy enough to compensate the victims.20)It can be inferred from the passage that .A. any thief should be punishedB. moral standards are always upheldC. there are too many thieves and robbersD. industrious and honest people should be highly paid参考答案：16) A 17) D 18) B 19) B 20) A解析：（无）∧收起解析There is something grimly ridiculous as well as pathetic in the messy way we manage things in our crude attempt as civilization. While we are spending hundreds of thousands of dollars of the people’s money annually in improving the breed of pig, or in fighting cattle disease, we are neglecting the most valuable asset of all, the children of the nation. A million dollars of the people’s money can be spent upon a speedway so that rich people might have an opportunity of exercising their blooded stock, while not a penny can be found in the State appropriations (拨款) to find food for starving children.This foolish state of affairs was brought out in strong relief when the school teachers organized themselves into a relief committee to find ways and means for supplying food to the hungry children under their charge. This organization was brought about by thepitiable plight of the children, many of whom had become so weakened for lack of proper nourishment that they fainted at their desks while trying to study their lessons. The teachers have called their organization the “Children’s Relief Society,”and the day after the organization was perfected they were enabled to issue tickets to the most destitute (赤贫的) of the children which entitled them to immediate relief.Besides this effort on the part of the teachers, emergency measures for the relief of hundreds of pupils in other schools have been adopted by the committee of school board members. The newspapers reported that relief came in this case in the form of two soup kitchens which were opened and equipped so as to provide for hundreds of the starving children.Destitution has visited hundreds of families as the result of the business depression. Not only have the educational authorities taken up the matter, but various generous societies have begun active work for relieving the distress. All of which is excellent in every way, yet it is not enough; it does not go far enough, for it ought not to be left to charity, but ought to be made a State duty.21)We learn from the first paragraph that _____.A. we manage things well as civilizationB. we are rich enough to spend money freelyC. we need to care for the starving childrenD. rich people should exercise their blooded stock22)What motivated school teachers to organize the “Children’s Relief Society”?A. The distressing situation of the children.B. The improper ways of supplying food to the children.C. The charge of food unaffordable for children.D. The weak performance of children in study.23)What would the Children’s Relief Society do after its establishment?A. They would provide food directly to poor children.B. They would teach lessons to poor children for free.C. They would give poor children tickets to get food.D. They would relieve poor children’s pressure.24)What other effort for the relief of children is mentioned in the passage?A. The committee of school board members has taken emergency measures.B. People from the newspapers have built soup kitchens to provide for starving children.C. The educational authorities have set up funds to provide help.D. Generous societies have adopted hundreds of pupils in schools.25)According to the passage, who should be most responsible for the relief of children’s starvation?A. The teacher.B. Children’s Relief Society.C. Charitable societies.D. The State.参考答案：21)C 22) A 23) C 24) A 25) D解析：（无）∧收起解析How is it that despite our amazing powers of production there are still hundreds of millions of people all over the earth in continuous want and poverty, and dangerously near the brink of starvation? What are the causes of poverty? Everyone is forced to realize and recognize its existence and no one has yet found a cure for it.Every thinking man has realized that poverty and starvation are not inevitable in the scheme of things. On the contrary, the fruitful earth yields enough for every one of the human beings inhabiting its surface without the twisted distribution of nature’s generosity (慷慨). This twisting is caused by our crude and ill developed ideas of distribution and the improper ordering of human services. In the first place, these services can be hindered at their source, and among the factors that operate in this direction may be war, crime, lack of healthy supervision, insufficient attention to rising generations, monopolies (垄断) and various private ownerships that limit the usefulness of property, and neglected and wasteful destruction of property.In the second place, the great cause of poverty is unproductive consumption. Services become unproductive when they are devoted to supplying luxuries or an excessive quantity of necessaries, which may be summed up in a single word: waste. These are the primary causes of poverty; they are responsible for the presence of starvation.Is there a remedy?The elimination of waste through perfect production and distribution is a problem that is slowly but surely being solved by the great combinations of capital that have destroyed competition. These monopolies, selfish in the extreme and with no thought beyond profit at any price, are rendering us useful service by teaching us the importance of cooperation and cooperative methods. When these great industrial combinations, these wonderfully smooth running great business machines become the property of all the people and cease to be operated for private gain, a great step will have been taken in the direction of the solution of the starvation problem. When everyone will produce according to his ability and consume according to his needs, then, and not until then will poverty and starvation depart entirely and forever from the minds of men.26)According to the passage, starvation _____.A. is inevitable in whatever conditionB. is the result of insufficient productionC. is owing to the improper distribution of nature’s generosityD. is due to excessive consumption by human beings27)Which of the following can hinder human services at their source?A. Private ownerships and unproductive consumption.B. Luxuries and an excessive quantity of necessaries.C. Crime and lack of wealthy supervision.D. War and destruction of property.28)Why does unproductive consumption is considered as the great cause of poverty in Paragraph Three?A. Because people stop producing but only consume.B. Because people devote too much to luxuries and don’t produce anything.C. Because people are supplied with excessive quantity of necessaries and waste a lot.D. Because people who don’t produce are responsible for the presence of starvation.29)How to eliminate waste through production and distribution according to the passage?A. By seeking profit at any price and being selfish.B. By privatizing business machines and teaching the importance of cooperation.C. By creating more monopolies to make more profits.D. By cooperating and making the industrial combinations public property.30)When can the starvation problem be solved according to the passage?A. When the great industrial combinations cease to be operated for private gain.B. When private monopolies become public property and the element of profit is eliminated.C. When production is organized based on personal capabilities and distribution on individual needs.D. When efficiency of production has been greatly enhanced.参考答案：26) C 27) D 28) C 29) D 30) C解析：（无）∧收起解析When DR. THOMAS E. DEIKER, 59, remembers his life almost 30 years ago in Pineville, La., he thinks about guns. Worried that more of his neighbors appeared to be buying firearms, Deiker, a research psychologist at Central Louisiana State Hospital at the time, wrote a My Turn in 1974 advocating stricter gun-control laws at a time when any legislation that existed was loosely enforced.Little progress on the issue of gun control has been made since his My Turn, Deiker says. “My judgment would be that from 1974 to now, there has been no change in gun-control laws at a national level”. What makes him angry is that even after the “long series of copycat (模仿犯罪的) high-school shootings”and “a long series of dissatisfied employees walking into their places of business and killing large numbers of people”, there has still been little action taken. “There was some debate and discussion, but nothing ultimately happened to improve the gun-control laws.”In fact, weapons today are more deadly. “We have shifted clearly to a far more dangerous and lethal form of firearms in the United States,”he says, “with the widespread use of automatic and semiautomatic weapons, the Internet has proven a perfect provider, offering information on how to build these weapons and where to purchase them.Many of those buyers, Deiker worries, are hardly older than children. The amount of graphic (图像的) violence youth are exposed to today desensitizes (使麻木) them to violence, he says. “How many thousands of killings will the average child view, either in cartoon form or in actual graphic form, on TV and in videogames?”he asks. “Children grow up practicing. They’re desensitized to the experience of violence in graphic detail. And they have skills in weaponry use from practicing videogames, in which you actuallyhave something you hold in your hand that you can point and shoot.”In 1974, Deiker wrote that the vast majority of killings are committed by people known intimately to each other. In 2002, “That is still the case,”he says. And Deiker is not optimistic about change: “If we impose total gun control from this day forward, social scientists predict we would be years away from seeing any effect.”31)Why did Deiker feel angry?A. Because there has been little progress on gun control since 1974.B. Because there are long series of copycat high-school shootings.C. Because dissatisfied employees have killed people in their company.D. Because little action has been taken even after the crazy killings.32)Which of the following is NOT mentioned according to the passage?A. In 1974 the legislation that existed was loosely enforced.B. People get information about weapons through Internet.C. The long series of shootings caused spirited discussion.D. More dangerous weapons are used by American people.33)What is the meaning of “lethal”in Paragraph 3?A. dangerousB. FatalC. AutomaticD. evil34)What do we know from the passage?A. Not only adults have access to weapons.B. Children can learn a lot of good things from playing videogames.C. Cartoon is beneficial to the youth.D. Many homicides are committed by those crazy people in 2002.35)What is the author’s attitude toward gun control?A. optimisticB. FavorableC. IndifferentD. hostile参考答案：31) D 32) C 33) B 34) A 35) B解析：（无）∧收起解析A generation after Americans lost the habit of knowing who their space heroes really are, the Columbia astronauts were remembered Tuesday as awe-struck (肃然起敬的) youngsters who longed to “reach the stars”, and as fun-loving but dedicated adults who never lost their sense of adventure. President Bush and first lady Laura Bush attended a 45-minute memorial ceremony at the Johnson Space Center.The president and the chief of the astronaut corps helped bring the adventurous lives of the seven Columbia astronauts who died Saturday into focus for NASA employees and the nation. Navy Capt. Kent Rominger, the astronaut corps chief, remembered the crew as a ''generous and caring bunch with a great sense of humor''.Bush also eulogized each astronaut. He spoke on a breezy, clear day as thousands ofspace program workers stood around a tree-lined pond. The televised ceremony was also broadcast for workers at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida. ''Their mission was almost complete, and we lost them so close to home,'' Bush said. ''Their loss was sudden and terrible. And for their families, the grief is heavy. Our nation shares in your sorrow and your pride. And today we remember not only one moment of tragedy but seven lives of great purpose and achievement.'' Bush declared that the United States would continue its manned space program: ''This cause of exploration and discovery is not an option we choose. It is a desire written in the human heart.''Bush was accompanied to Houston on Air Force One with former senator John Glenn, the first American to orbit the Earth, and Neil Armstrong, the first man to set foot on the moon. The president arrived at the ceremony walking hand-in-hand with the first lady. Afterward, they met privately with about 40 family members. A White House assistant said Bush spoke to each person. He made small talk with the children about school and offered his regrets for meeting at such a tragic time. He told one widow, ‘you're a strong soul.'' He said to one father who lost a child, ‘we're so proud of you as a father. ''The roar of NASA T-38 training jets that flew a ''missing man'' formation still echoed in the distance, as space agency workers leaving the ceremony said they had found comfort in the service.36)。
大学英语阅读理解10
一、阅读理解1、 Growing older. These words used to strike fear in the hearts of old men and women, who imagined days spent in nursing homes and lack of control over their lives. Truthfully, there are few people who do feel comfortable with the thought of growing older. For most people, who experienced the height of their economic and political power during their fifties, entering the " golden years" can be a disappointment.But it may not be that way forever. Actually, society as a whole is now beginning to discover the bright side of old age. Even if a person is over 65, it doesn't mean he or she will suddenly become useless. Social workers stress the fact that the old people are the sum of their life experiences and do not suddenly change just because they have reached the age of 60 or 65.Social workers have divided the elderly into two basic groups: young old---people aged 60 to 75; and old old---75 to 100. These groups have also been broken down into other categories. Of the two main groups, the young old are better off. They are more likely covered by a pension, and generally have good health. People aged 75 and older may not have the financial benefits this group is enjoying and are also more likely to develop diseases. They are sometimes called the weak elderly.(1)、According to the passage, old people used to ______.A：be satisfied with their "golden years"B：be in fear of a heart attackC：like living in nursing homesD：feel uneasy about growing old答案： D评析：空(2)、The author agrees to the view that ______.A：old people remain valuable to the societyB：people become useless when they reach the old age.C：social workers are mainly formed by old people.D：old people are in lack of control over their lives.答案： A评析：此题没有评析(3)、According to the passage, why are the young old better off?A：They still have their economic and political power.B：They are experienced in making money.C：They are the sum of their life experiences.D：They have good health and pension.答案： D评析：此题没有评析(4)、According to the author, old people are ______.A：more useful than young peopleB：enjoying financial benefitsC：rich in experienceD：still very energetic答案： C评析：此题没有评析(5)、What is discussed in this passage?A：The meaning of growing old.B：Better life for the elderly.C：Groups of the old people.D：The bright side of old age.答案： D评析：此题没有评析2、It was 1985, and Rafe Esquith was beginning his third year of teaching in Los Angeles public schools. He faced a class of 40 sixth-graders from low-income homes where English rarely was spoken, and the best reader among them was two years below grade level.But to everyone's surprise, he decided to teach them Shakespeare.Five families agreed to let their children play "Macbeth" for two hours after school. This proved to be so much fun that, within weeks, Esquith had 28 kids happily soaking up the drama of blood and betrayal in medieval Scotland. They were learning many words they had never heard before.But when Esquith asked a school district supervisor for official approval, he received this note: "Mr. Esquith, it is not appropriate that you stay after school to teach Shakespeare. It would be better if you did something with the children that is academic."It would not be the last time that the narrow thinking of big-city school administration got in Esquith's way. Yet the bearded, 6-foot-tall cyclone has proved that a teacher who thinks very big--much harder lessons, larger projects, extra class time---can help disadvantaged children in ways most educators never imagine.This was difficult at first, until he stumbled upon a concept of teaching that is at the core of his success. American children, even those from hardworking immigrant cultures, have in Esquith's view been wrongly taught that learning should always be fun, by teachers who think hard lessons are bad for kids from low-income homes. When faced with something difficult, such students don't know what to do.The Declaration of Independence says Americans are entitled to the pursuit of happiness, but the emphasis in public schooling has been on the happiness, he believes. "What happened to pursuit?" Esquith said. So he has created an entirely new universe in his classroom, cherishing effort and the slogan, "There Are No Shortcuts".As for their own dramatic performances, Esquith got around the original ban on his after-school "Macbeth" rehearsals by switching to Thornton Wilder's "Our Town.". When that class finally performed the Shakespeare play, a school district supervisor showed up. The high-ranking district administrator came up afterwards and shook his hand. "Rafe", she said, "I've never seen Shakespeare done better."(1)、It can be learned from the passage that Esquith's students __________.A：liked the traditional teaching betterB：were relatively poor in intelligenceC：were mainly from immigrant familiesD：refused to cooperate with the new teacher答案： C评析：此题没有评析(2)、At first, Esquith's Shakespeare-teaching __________.A：won the support of the school authorityB：got slow response from the school authorityC：did not draw attention from the school authorityD：was not allowed by the school authority答案： D评析：此题没有评析(3)、It is implied that most educators __________.A：fail to realize the potential of disadvantaged studentsB：fail to introduce fun into the learning of disadvantaged studentsC：are reluctant to admit the unfair treatment to disadvantaged studentsD：are unaware of the difficulty faced by disadvantaged students答案： A评析：此题没有评析(4)、Esquith's principle of teaching is different from the general one in that __________. A：he insists on giving harder lessons to more advanced studentsB：he places greater emphasis on hard work in students' learningC：he pays less attention to students' academic performancesD：he dismisses the concept of extra homework for students答案： B评析：此题没有评析(5)、What is the main idea of the passage?A：An inspiring teacher wins the love and respect of his students.B：An experienced teacher contributes to the school and the students.C：An innovative teacher makes changes in the students.D：An optimistic teacher helps build confidence in the students.答案： C评析：此题没有评析二、词汇与语法1、If the rain doesn't stop, people will be faced ________ serious flooding.A：toB：aboutC：byD：with答案： D评析：此题没有评析2、The theory of class currently prevailing in the West is ______ based on what Max Weber,a German sociologist, proposed.A：fairlyB：kindlyC：largelyD：greatly答案： C评析：此题没有评析3、All I got was a busy ____when I dialed his number.A：signB：noiseC：signalD：voice答案： C评析：此题没有评析4、You should take care that you have not ________ any detail in the design.A：disappearedB：thrownC：deliveredD：neglected答案： D评析：此题没有评析5、The Chinese food ______ good.A：are tastedB：tastesC：is tastedD：taste答案： B评析：空6、You must speak slowly, so that you can make yourself ________.A：understoodB：being understoodC：understandingD：to be understood答案： A评析：空7、Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ______ it means standing in a queue all night.A：as ifB：providedC：even ifD：whatever答案： C评析：此题没有评析8、He was_______ our age ___the distant past.A：involving…inB：comparing…withC：joining…toD：referring to…as答案： B评析：空9、He hardly ____say anything more since we know all about it.A：needsB：needC：need toD：needn't答案： B评析：此题没有评析10、Not only Tom but also his wife ______fond of watching television.A：areB：wereC：beD：was答案： D评析：此题没有评析三、完型填空1、 Giving thanks __21__ be a daily habit! It improves your mood, your attitude and __22__ your health! Each day, write down in a journal things you're thankful __23__.Research shows people who do this are happier and healthier than those who __24__ ! When I was in college, I sometimes brought my journal __25__ when I went out with friends. As we sat chatting over dinner, each friend would write a short __26__ of thanks. We enjoyed __27__ each other's words. And today the journal __28__ as a special keepsake of my college years. You should learn to __29__ your thanks. And sometimes if you are unhappy about some circumstances in your life, you can __30__ write those things down. But don't stop there! For each complaint, write down two reasons to give thanks for that circumstance or person.(1)、A：willB：wouldC：shallD：should答案： D评析：空(2)、A：stillB：evenC：yetD：always答案： B评析：此题没有评析(3)、A：forB：toC：atD：of答案： A评析：此题没有评析(4)、A：doB：don'tC：areD：aren't答案： B评析：此题没有评析(5)、A：lonelyB：longC：aloneD：along答案： D评析：此题没有评析(6)、A：seriesB：chainC：lineD：clue答案： C评析：此题没有评析(7)、A：to readB：to be readingC：having readD：reading答案： D评析：此题没有评析(8)、A：servesB：takesC：dealsD：does答案： A评析：此题没有评析(9)、A：intendB：impressC：expressD：extend答案： C评析：此题没有评析(10)、A：againB：alsoC：eitherD：too答案： B评析：空四、汉译英(1)、经理对项目小组上交的年度报告很满意。
大学英语四级阅读理解试题
大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之一（含答案）There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot______.A.if we complete our short-range goalsB.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC.if we write down the datesD.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon______.A.two yearsB.long-term goalsC.current activitiesD.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,______.A.we will win final successB.we are overwhelmedC.we should build up confidence of successD.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,_______.A.we should stick to them until we complete themB.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC.we had better wait for the exciting news of successD.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ______.A.those who habe long-term goals will succeedB.writing down the dates may discourage youC.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationD.every should have a goal答案：adcbc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之二（含答案）The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. Butthere were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agricula tural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 3, the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which o f the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60％b. 50％c. 33％d. 90％答案：cdabc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之三（含答案）Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs. College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it is important that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist. "Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in this system.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage ,we know that _____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 19852c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____.a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia答案：ddabd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之四（含答案）Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline is impressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI) began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very little3b.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之五（含答案）The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet as well,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, these carcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA) has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'.a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing答案：cacbd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之六（含答案）As the pace of life continues to increase ,we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift,being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.4Stress is an natural part of everyday lift and there is no way to avoid it. In fact ,it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be .A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation adn give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress,and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress,in whatever form,we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme,but however little the stress,it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long,through continued exposure to stress,that health becomes endangered.Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress.Since we cannot remove stress from our lives(it would be unwise to do so even if we could),we need to find ways to deal with it.1.People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.a.they do not know how to enjoy themselvesb.they do not believe that relaxation is important for healthc.they are travelling fast all the timed.they are becoming busier with their work2.According to the writer ,the most important character for a good manager is his ________.a.not fearing stressb.knowing the art of relaxationc.high sense of responsibilityd.having control over performance3.Which of the follwing statements is ture?a.We can find some ways to avoid stressb.Stress is always harmful to peoplec.It is easy to change the hagit of keeping oneself busy with work.d.Different people can withstand different amounts of stress4.In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______.a."making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"b."reaction to stress both chemically and physically"c."responding to crises quickly"d."losing heart at the signs difficulties"5.In the last sentence of the passage,"do so " refers to ______.a."expose ourselves to stress"b."find ways to deal with stress"c."remove stress from our lives"d."established links between diseases and stress"答案：dadbc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之七（含答案）In the 1960s, many young Americans were dissatisfied with American society. They wanted to end the Vietnam War and to make all of the people in the U.S. epual. Some of them decided to "drop out" of American society and form their own societies . They formed utopian communities , which they called "communes," where they could follow their philosophy of "do your own thing." A group of artists founded a commune in southern Colorado called "Drop City." Following the ideas of philosopher and5architect Buckminster Fuller they built domeshaped houses from pieces of old cars. Other groups, such as author Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters, the followers fo San Francisco poet Steve Gakin, and a group that called itself the Hog Farm, lived in old school huses and traveled around the United States. The Hog Farm become famous when they helped organize the Woodstock Rock Festival in 1969. Steve Gaskin's followers tried to settle down on a farm in Tennessee, but they had to leave when some members of the gruop were arrested for growing marijuana.Not all communes believed in the philosophy of "do you own thing," however . Twin Oaks , a commune founded in Virgiania in the late 1960s, was based on the ideas of psychologist B.F.Skinner. The people who lived at Twin Oaks were carefully controlled by Skinner's "conditioning" techniques to do things that were good for the community. In 1972, Italian architect Paolo Soleri began to build Arcosanti, a utopian city Arizsona where 2500 people will live closely together in one large building called an "archology" Soleri believes that people must live closely together so that they will all become one.1.Why did some young Americans decide to "drop out" of scoiety during the 1960s?a.They were not satisfied with American society.b.They wanted to grow marijuana.c.They wanted to go to the Vietnam War.d.They did not want all people to be equal.2.Where did the members of the Hog Farm commune live?a.In dome-shaped houseb.In old school husesc.On a farm inTennesseed.In an archology in Arizona3.Who gave the people of Drop City the idea to bulid dome-shaped house?a.Paolo Solerib.B.G.Skinnerc.Steve Gaskind.Buckminster Fuller4.What was the Twin Oaks commune base on ?a.The philosophy of "do your own thing"b.Virginaia in the late 1960sc.The ideas of psychologistd.The belief that people must live closely togerher.5.What is an "archology"?a.A person who studies archaeologyb.A large building where people live closely togetherc.A city in A rizonad.A technique to contorl people答案：abdcb大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之八（含答案）There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared. If an individual is handicapped envionmentally ,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.6The importance of environment in determining an individual's intellingence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old , their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reated by parents of low intelligence in an isolatedcommunity with poor educational pooprtunities.Mark was reared inthe home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child , sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.This enviromental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were giben tesets to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities , the twins , having identical brains,would have tested at roughly the same level.1.This selection can best be titled_________.a.Measuring Your Intelligenceb.Intelligence and Environmentc.The Case of Peter and Markd.How the brain Influences Intelligence2.The beststatement of the main idea of this passage is that _____.a.human brains differ considerablyb.the brain a person is born with is improtant in determining his intelligencec.environment is crucial in determining a person's intelligenced. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence3.According to the passage , the average I.Q.is _____.a.85b.100c.110d.1254.The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.a.individual with identical brains seldom test at same levelb.an individual's intelligence is determined only by his enviromentck of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenced.changes of enviroment produce changes in the structure of the brain5.This passage suggests that an individual 's I.Q.______.a.can be predicted at birthb.stays the same throuthout his lifec.can be increased by educationd.is determined by his childhood答案：bcbcc大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之九（含答案）As she walked round the huge department store,Edith reflected how difficult it was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wish that he was as easy to please as her mother, who was always delighted with perfumeBesides,shoppong at this time of the year was a most disgreeable experience :people trod on your toes,poked you with their elbows and almost knocked you overin their haste to get to a bargain ahead of you.7Partly to have a rest, Edith paused in front of a counter where some attracive ties were on display. "They are real silk," the assistant assured her, trying to tempt her. "Worth double the price." But edit knew from past experience that her choice of ties hardly ever pleased her father.She moved on reluctantly and then quite by chance, stopped where a small crowd of man had gathered round a counter. She found some good quality pipes on sale-----and the prices were very reasonable. Edith did not hesitate for long : although her father only smoked a pipe occasionally, she knew that this was a present which was bund to please him.When she got home,with her small well-chosen present concealed in her handbag, her parents were already at the supper table. Her mother was in an especially cheerful mood, "Your father has at last to decided to stop smoking." She informed her daughter.1.Edith's father _______.a.did not like presentb.never got presentc.preferred tiesd.was difficult to choose a present for2.The assistant spoke to Edith because she seemed_______.a.attractiveb.interested in tiesc.tiredd.in need of comfort3.Edith stopped at the next counter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith's father smoked a pipe_______.a.when he was obligedb.on social occasionsc.from time to timed.when he was delighted5.Shopping was very disagreeable at that time of the year because_______.a.coustomers trod on each other's toesb.coustomers poked each other with their elbowsc.customers knocked each otherd.customers were doing their shopping in a great hurry答案：dbdcd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十（含答案）If the population of the earth goes on increasing at its present rate, there will eventually not be enough resources left to sustain life on the planet.By the middle of the 21st century,if present trends continue, we will have used up all the oil that drives our cars,for example.Even if scientists develop new ways of feeding the human race,the crowded conditions on earth will make it necessary for lus to look for open space somewhere else. But none of the other planets in our solar system are capable of8supporting life at present. One possible solution to the problem, however,has recently been suggested by American scientist, Professor Carl Sagan.Sagan believes that before the earth's resources are compleetely exhausted it will be possible to change the atmophere of Venus and so create a new world almost as large as earth itself. The difficult is that Venus is much hotter than the earth and there is only a tiny amount of water there.Sagan proposes that algae organisms that can live in extremely hot or cold atmospheres and at the same time produce oxygen,should be bred in condition similar to those on V enus.As soon as this has been done, the algae will be placed in small rockets. Spaceship will then fly to Venus and fire the rockets into the atmosphere .In a fairly short time, the alge will break down the carbon dioxide into oxygen and carbon.When the algae have done theri work, the atmosphere will become cooler,but befor man can set foot on Venus it will be neccessary for the oxygen to produce rain. The surface of the planet will still be too hot for man to land on it but the rain will eventually fall and in a few years something like earth will be reproduced on Venus.1.Inte long run, the most insoluble problem caused by population growth on earth will probably be the lack of ______.a.foodb.oilc.spaced.resources2.Carl Sagan believes that Venus might be colonized from earth because _____a.it might be possible to change its atmosphereb.its atmosphere is the same as the earth'sc.there is a good supply of water on Venusd.the days on Venus are long enough3.On Venus there is a lot of ________.a.waterb.carbon dioxidec.carbon monoxided.oxygen4.Algae are plants that can____.a.live in very hot temperaturesb.live in very cold temperaturesc.manufacture oxygend.all of the above5. Man can land on Venus only when_______.a.the algae have done their workb.the atmosphere becomes coolerc.thereis oxygend.it rains there答案：cabdd大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十一（含答案）What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow , orange ,red? If you do ,you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet,shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know,because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colours preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. They tells us, among other facts,that we do not choose our favourite clour as we grow up----we are born with our preference.If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.Colours do influence our moods----there is no doubt about it .A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is9depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area ----until it was repainter green.The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply ;perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.Light and bright colours make people not only hppier but more active. It is an established fact that factory workers work better,harder ,and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.1."You would rather follow than red" means_______.a.you don't like to follow othersb.you would be a member rather than a leaderc.you would be afraid of following othersd.you would like to be a leader rather than a follower2.If one enjoys life, one is sure to prefer________.a.red to yellowb.blue to orangec.red to greyd.blue to yellow3."They tell us, among other facts,that we don't choose our favourite colours as we grow up." "Among other facts" means______.a.besides other factsb.in regard to other factsc.not considering other factsd.according to other facts4.Which of the following is facts?a.People's preference of one colour to another is instinctb.People's preference of one colour to another is acquired as they grow up.c.More people happen to love brown because they saw something brown when they were bornd.Colours have little influence on our moods5.Those who committed suicide preferred the bridge over the Thames River near london to others because of _______.a.its shapeb.its structurec.its colourd.its building materials答案：bcaac大学英语四级阅读理解试题40篇之十二（含答案）Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behaviour for a man to smoke on street. No man who thought of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country? Or doesn't it matter? Should you use both hands when you are eating? Should leave one in your lap,or on the table?The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a wonman or offer their seat to a woman , and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and in America. That is , if a dinner invitation is for 7 o'clock , the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay.The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable-----especially if they are your guests. When the food was served , one of the guests strated to eat his peas with a knife . The other guests were amused or shocked , but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guest feel foolish or uncomfortable.10。
大学英语(阅读理解及答案18篇)
II 阅读理解Passage 1Community社区service is an important component部分of education here at our university. We encourage鼓励all students to volunteer自愿者for at least one community activity before they graduate. A new community program called One On One helps elementary初级的students who’ve fallen behind落后的. Your education majors专业might be especially interested in it because it offers the opportunity机会to do some teaching, that is, tutoring辅导in math and English.You’d have to volunteer two hours a week for one sem ester学期. You can choose to help a child with math, English, or both. Half-hour lessons are fine理想的, so you could do a half hour of each subject two days a week.Professor Dodge will act as a mentor to the tutors —he’ll be available to help you with less on plans or to offer suggestions for activities. He has office hours every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon. You can sign up报名for the program with him and begin the tutoring next week.I’m sure you’ll enjoy this community service and you’ll gain valuable experience at the same time. It looks good on your resume简历, too, showing that you’ve had experience with children and that you care about关心your community. If you’d like to sign up, or if you have any questions, stop by Professor Dodge’s office this week.1.What is the purpose of the talk? _________.A.To explain a new requirement for graduation.B.To interest students in a new community programC.To discuss the problems of elementary school students.D.To recruit elementary school teachers for a special program.2.What is the purpose of the program that the speaker describes? _______.A.To find jobs for graduating students.B.To help education majors prepare for final exams.C.To offer tutorials to elementary school students.D.To provide funding for a community service project.3.What does Professor Dodge do? __________.A.He advises students to participate in certain program.B.He teaches part-time in an elementary school.C.He observes elementary school students in the classroom.D.He helps students prepare their resumes.4.What should students who are interested in the tutorials do? _________.A.Contact the elementary school.B.Sign up for a special class.C.Submit a resume to the dean.D.Talk to Professor Dodge.5.Whom do you think the speaker addresses向.....说话? ___________.A.Faculty.B.Students.C.ResidentsD.Graduated students.Passage 2A foreigner’s first impression of the U.S. is likely to be that everyone is in a rush-often under pressure. City people appear always to be hurrying to get where they are going restlessly, seeking attention in a store, and elbowing others as they try to complete their errands （任务）. Racingthrough daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country.Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating places are waiting for you to finish so that they too can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. Each person hurries to make room for the next person. If you don’t, waiters will hurry you.You also find drivers will be abrupt and that people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small courtesies with strangers. Don’t take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else ―wasting it beyond a certain courtesy point.The view of time affects the importance we attach to patience. In the American system of values, patience is not a high priority. Many of us have what migh t be called ―a short fuse. We begin to move restlessly about if we feel time is slipping away without some return be this in terms of pleasure, work value, or rest. Those coming from lands where time is looked upon differently may find this matter of pace to be one of their most difficult adjustments in both business and daily life. Many newcomers to the States will miss the opening courtesy of a business call, for example, they will miss the ritual socializing that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee they may be traditional in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a café or coffeehouse. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over prolonged small talks. We seek out evidence of past performance rather than evaluate a business colleague through social courtesies. Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly.1. Which of the following statements is wrong? __________A. Americans seem to be always under pressure.B. Americans attach less importance to patience.C. Americans don’t care much about ritual socializing.D. Americans are impolite to their business colleagues.2. In the fourth paragraph, ―a high priority means __________.A. a less important thingB. a first concernC. a good businessD. an attractive gift3. Americans evaluate a business colleague __________.A. through social courtesyB. through prolonged business talksC. by establishing business relationsD. by learning about their past performance4. This passage mainly talks about __________.A. how Americans treasure their timeB. how busy Americans are every dayC. how Americans do business with foreignersD. what American way of life is like5. We can infer from the passage that the author’s tone in writing is ___________.A. criticalB. ironicalC. appreciativeD. objectivePassage 3Laws have been written to govern the use of American National Flag, and to ensure proper respect for the flag. Custom has also governed the common practice in regard to its use. All the armed services have precise regulations on how to display the national flag. This may vary somewhat from the general rules. The national flag should be raised and lowered by hand. Do not raise theflag while it is folded. Unfolded the flag first, and then hoist it quickly to the top of the flagpole. Lower it slowly and with dignity. Place no objects on or over the flag. Do not use the flag as part of a costume or athletic uniform. Do not print it upon cushions, handkerchief, paper napkins or boxes. A federal law provides that the trademark cannot be registered if it comprises the flag, or badgers of the US. When the flag is used to unveil a statue or monument, it shouldn’t serve as a covering of the object to be unveiled. If it is displayed on such occasions, do not allow the flag to the ground, but let it be carried high up in the air to form a feature of the ceremony. Take every precaution to prevent the flag from soiled. It should not be allowed to touch the ground or floor, nor to brush against objects.1. How do Americans ensure proper respect for the national flag？A. By making laws.B. By enforcing discipline.C. By educating the public.D. By holding ceremonies.2. What is the regulation regarding the raising of the American National Flag?A. It should be raised by soldiers.B. It should be raised quickly by hand.C. It should be raised only by Americans.D. It should be raised by mechanical means.3. How should the American National Flag be displayed at an unveiling ceremony?A. It should be attached to the status.B. It should be hung from the top of the monument.C. It should be spread over the object to be unveiled.D. It should be carried high up in the air.4. What do we learn about the use of the American National Flag?A. There has been a lot of controversy over the use of flag.B. The best athletes can wear uniforms with the design of the flag.C. There are precise regulations and customs to be followed.D. Americans can print the flag on their cushions or handkerchiefs.5. What is Americans’ attitude t owards their National Flag?A. Arbitrary.B. Respect.C. Happy.D. Brave.Passage 4Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go in to their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper. Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one’s own.Then, in the country one can really get away from the noise and hurry of busy working lives. Even though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country. If one likes gardens, one can spend one's free time digging, planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden. Then, when the flowers and vegetables come up, one has got the reward together with those who have shared the secret of Nature.Some people, however, take no interest in country things: for them, happiness lies in the town,with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance-halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnight’s (two weeks) visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night.1. Which of the following statements is NOT true? ____A. People who love Nature prefer to live outside the city.B. People who work in London prefer to live in the country.C. Some people enjoying city life prefer to work and live inside London.D. Many nature lovers, though working in London, prefer to live outside the city.2. With the same money ____, one can buy a little house with a garden in the country.A. getting a small flat with a gardenB. having a small flat with a gardenC. renting a small flat without a gardenD. buying a small flat without a garden3. When the garden is in blossom, it means that one ____ has been rewarded.A. living in the countryB. having spent time working in the gardenC. having a garden of his ownD. having been digging, planting and watering4. Which of the following statements is true? ____A. Those who prefer to live in London would feel their life was meaninglful.B. Those who prefer to live outside London would feel their life was boring.C. Those who prefer to live in London believe their life was worthy living.D. Those who prefer to live outside London believe their life was valuable.5. The underlined phrase get away from in the 3rd paragraph refers to ____ .A. deal withB. do away withC. escape fromD. prevent fromPassage 5Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Wide spread use of written language would not have been possible without some cheap and practical material to write on. The invention of paper meant that more people could be educated because more books could be printed and distributed. Together with the printing press, paper provided an extremely important way to communicate knowledge.How much paper do you use every year? Probably you cannot answer that question quickly. In 1990 the world’s use of paper was about one kilogram for each person a year. Now some countries use as much as 50 kilograms of paper for each person a year. Countries like the United States, England and Sweden use more paper than other countries.Paper, like many other things that we use today, was first made in China. In Egypt and the West, paper was not very commonly used before the year 1400. The Egyptians wrote on a kind of material made of a water plant. Europeans used parchment for many hundreds of year. Parchment was very strong; it was made from the skin of certain young animals. We have learnt of the most important facts of European history from records that were kept on parchment.1. What’s the meaning for the underlined word ―parchment? ____________A. The skin of young animals.B. The paper of Egypt.C. The paper used by European countries.D. A kind of paper made from the skin of certain young animals.2. Which of the following is not mentioned about the invention of paper? ____________A. More jobs could be provided than before.B. More people could be educated than before.C. More books could be printed and distributed.D. More ways could be used to exchange knowledge.3. When did the Egyptians begin to use paper widely? ____________A. Around 1400.B. Around 1900.C. Around 400.D. Around 900.4. Which of the following countries uses more paper for each person a year? ____________A. ChinaB. SwedenC. EgyptD. Japan5. What is the main idea of this short talk? ____________A. More and more paper is being consumed nowadays.B. Paper enables people to receive education more easily.C. The invention of paper is of great significance to man.D. Paper contributes a lot to the keeping of historical records.Passage 6Places to stay in Britain不列颠are as varied as the places you visit.Whatever your budget is, the choice -from basic barn to small hotel, from tiny cottage to grand castle - is all part of fun. HostelsCheap, good-value hostels are aimed at all types of like-minded travelers, who prefer value over luxury and you don't have to be young or single to use them.Britain's independent hostels and backpackers hostels also offer a great welcome.Facilities and prices vary, especially in rural areas, where some hostels are a little more than a bunkhouse (临时住房) while others are remarkably comfortable －almost like bargain hotels.Youth HotelsFounded many years ago to "help all, especially young people of limited means, to a greater knowledge, love and care of the countryside", the Youth Hotels Association is still going strong in the 21st century.The network of 230 hotels is a perfect gateway for exploring Britain's towns and countryside.B&BsThe B&B (bed and breakfast) is a Great British institution, In essence, you get a room in somebody's house, and small B&Bs may only have one guest room, so you'll really feel like part of the rger B&Bs may have four or five rooms and more facilities, but just as warm as a welcome.In country areas your B&B might be in a village or an isolated farm surrounded by fields.Prices reflect facilities: and usually run from around ￡12 to ￡20 per person.City B&Bs charge about ￡25 to ￡30 per person, although they're often cheaper as you go further out to the suburbs.Pubs & InnsAs well as selling drinks and meals, Britain's pubs and inns sometimes offer B&B, particularly in country areas.Staying a night or two can be great fun and puts you at the heart of the local community.Rates range from around ￡15 to ￡25 per person.Pubs are more likely to have single rooms.1.In this passage the author mainly ________.A.tells us where to stay while visiting BritainB.advises readers to pay a visit to BritainC.introduces the wonderful public services in BritainD.gives us some information about British life2.________ are mainly built for young visitors.A.Pubs & InnsB.Youth HotelsC.HostelsD.B&Bs3.If you travel alone and want to know better about family life in Britain, you'd better stay in ________.A.Pubs & InnsB.Youth HotelsC.HostelsD.B&Bs4.If you are interested in travelling with your friends but only with limited means, where is the better place for you to stay? _________.A.Pubs & InnsB.Youth HotelsC.HostelsD.B&Bs5.Which of the following is NOT true according to the last part of the passage? __________A.Pubs and inns usually provide visitors bed and breakfast.B.all pubs and inns offer visitors bed and breakfast.C.Pubs and inns charge a visitor ￡25 at the most.D.If you want a single room, you are more likely to get one in pubs.Passage 7The origin of language is a mystery. All we know is that men, unlike animals, invented certain sounds to express thought and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to present those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words.The power of words lies in their associations - the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something increases.Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming and telling use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and vulgar.1. The origin of language is ____.A. a legend handed down from the pastB. a matter that is hidden or secretC. a question difficult to answerD. a problem not yet solved2. What is true about words?A. They are used to express feelings only.B. They are simply sounds.C. They can not be written down.D. They are mysterious.3. The real power of words consists in their ____.A. propertiesB. characteristicsC. peculiarityD. representative function4. By“association”in the last paragraph, the author means ____.A. a special qualityB. a joining of ideas in the mindC. an appearance which is puzzlingD. a strange feature5. Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true?A. He is no more than a master of words.B. He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.C. He can move men to tears.D. His style is always charming.Passage 8Once James Thornhill, a famous English painter, was asked to paint some pictures on the walls of the king’s palace in England. Then workers were sent for and a big platform (台子)was made. With the help of a worker, Thornhill started painting on the platform. They worked for a whole year and at last the pictures were ready.Thornhill was happy when he looked at the pictures, for they were really beautiful. He looked at them for a long time, and then took one step back and looked again. Now the pictures were even more beautiful. He took another step, then another. Finally he was at the very edge of the platform, but he didn’t know it because he was thinking of his pictures.The worker saw everything. ‘What should I do?’he thought. ‘Thornhill was at the very edge of the platform. If I cry out, he will take another step, fall off it and surely be killed.’So the worker quickly took some paint (漆)and threw it at the pictures.‘What are you doing?’ cried the painter, running quickly forward to his pictures.1. James Thornhill was an English ______.A. workerB. artistC. kingD. writer2. He was ordered to ______.A. paint the wall of the king’s palace in EnglandB. paint some pictures on the wall of the palaceC. build a big platform in front of the palaceD. put up some new pictures on the old wall3. It took them ______ to finish the pictures.A. a monthB. a weekC. twelve monthsD. half a month4. James Thornhill felt that the ______ he was from the pictures, the ______ they were.A. nearer...more beautifulB. farther...more uglyC. farther...more beautifulD. higher above...more good-looking5. The worker threw some paint at the pictures in order to ______.A. save James’ lifeB. destroy the pictureC. make the picture more beautifulD. make the king angryPassage 9Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents.Every day they are very busy trying to earn money in order to pay the high tuition for my brother and me.They don’t act in the romantic ways that I read in books or I see on TV.In their opinion, “I love you” is t oo luxurious for them to say. Sending flowers to each other on Valentine’s Day is even more out of the question. One day, I asked my mother if there is love between her and and my Dad when she was sewing. My mother stopped her work and didn’t answer imme diately.I was very worried because I thought I had hurt her.“Susan,” she said , “Look at this thread.Sometimes it appears, but most of it disappears in the quilt.The thread really makes the quilt strong and durable.If life is a quilt, then love should be a thread.It can hardly be seen anywhere or anytime, but it’s really there.Love is inside.”I listened carefully but I couldn’t understand her until the next spring.At that time, my father suddenly got sick seriously.My mother had to stay with him in the hospital for a month.When they returned from the hospital, they both looked very pale.It seemed both of them had had a serious illness.After they were back, every day in the morning and dusk, my mother helped my father walk slowly on the country road.My father had never been so gentle.It seemed they were the most harmonious couple.The doctor had said my father would recover in two months.But after two months he still couldn’t walk by himself.All of us were worried about him.“Dad, how are you feeling now?” I asked him one day.“Susan, don’t worry about me.” he said gently.“To tell you the truth, I just like walking with your mom.I like this kind of life.” Reading his eyes, I knew he loves my mother deeply.Once I thought love meant flowers, gifts and sweet kisses.But from this experience, I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life strong and warm.有时候我真的很怀疑父母之间是否有爱。
大学英语阅读题以及答案
大学英语阅读题以及答案阅读理解(共75小题, 75分)作业与测试 > 测试分析阅读理解75题，总分值：75分Directions：Read the following passages carefully. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best answer to each question.Governments throughout the world act on the assumption that the welfare of their people depends largely on the economic strength and wealth of the community. Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts. Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of country’s economy is directly bou nd up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds. It also means that governments are increasingly compelled to interfere in these sectors in order to step up production and ensure that it is utilized (利用) to the best advantage. For example, they may encourage research in various ways, including the setting up of their own research centers; they may alter the structure of education, or interfere in order to reduce the wastage of natural resources or develop resources hitherto (到目前为止) unexploited; or they may cooperate directly in the growing number of international projects related to scientific and technological manpower of all kinds.Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations (创新) for the reasons given above. At the same time, the normal rate of social change throughout the world is taking place at a vastly accelerated speed compared with the past. For example, in the early industrialized countries of Europe, the process of industrialization —with all the far-reaching changes in social patterns that followed —was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so. All this has the effect of building up unusual pressures and tensions within the community and consequently presents serious problems for the governments concerned. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements —themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport. As a result of all these factors, governments are becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists for planning the appropriate programs and putting them into effect.1)What is believed to directly affect the welfare of people according to the passage?A. Varying measures of centralized controlB. Economic strength and wealth of the community.C. Economists and operational research experts.D. Help of specialized scientists.How can the governments do to promote the production?A. By interfering in different sectors that can promote science and technology to ensure smooth operationB. By asking the scientists and technologists to improve efficiency.C. By utilizing natural resources to the best advantage.D. By changing the structure of education to train more scientists.3)What can be inferred from the development in mass-communications?A. People are constantly changing their customs and ideas.B. People always want something new and remarkable to feel better.C. Governments are under greater pressure of bringing about new inventions.D. Governments are often forced to keep up with new customs and ideas.4)What has posed pressures and problems for the governments concerned according to the passage?A. Social changes throughout the world are speeding up compared with the past.B. The rate of social changes in the early industrialized countries is becoming slow now.C. The far-reaching changes in social patterns can be spread over in a developing country within a decade.D. The normal rate of social changes is taking place at a steady speed.5)Why are governments becoming increasingly dependent on biologists and social scientists?A. Because governments need to handle social stresses andproblems.B. Because governments want to learn from early industrialized countries.C. Because governments have to make modern means of transport relatively easy.D. Because governments need them for the industrialization of their own countries.参考答案：1) B 2) A 3) C 4) A 5) A解析：（无）∧收起解析Why do smokers tend to weigh less than nonsmokers and gain weight when they give up the habit?Contrary to “common knowledge”, nonsmokers do not generally eat more than smokers, nor do they exercise less, studies find. Research performed on smokers at rest indicates that nicotine (尼古丁) itself can increase basal metabolic (新陈代谢的) rates, meaning smokers burn more energy than nonsmokers during periods of inactivity. But surveys suggest most smokers smoke not while completely at rest, but while performing light activities such as desk work that can increase metabolic rates by two or three times.Unless nicotine’s metabolic effects increase proportionally with metabolic rates, its influence on weight might be insignificant.Now a study shows that nicotine’s effects on body-fuel consumption indeed increase proportionally with increases in activity. “These results indicate that the metabolic effect of nicotine may play a greater part in accounting for body-weightdifferences between smokers and nonsmokers than was previously believ ed,”says Kenneth A. Perkins and his colleagues at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine.The researchers gave a nicotine nose spray to individuals performing light work —in this case riding an exercise bicycle modified to allow easy riding while subjects remain seated in a comfortable armchair. The activity raised resting metabolic rates two to three times.By analyzing air breathed out, the researchers calculated energy consumption in the armchair bicyclists before and after giving the nose spray and compared the relative changes with subjects in the control group given placebo (（试验药物用的）无效对照剂) nose sprays. Relative to their baseline bicycle expenditures, individuals in the nicotine group expended considerably more energy than did those in control group while doing the same amount of work. With nicotine, Perkins says, “It’s as if the body is becoming much less efficient in using its stored energy.”While the results may seem discouraging to smokers who’d like to quit without gainingweight, Perkins notes that walking an extra mile a day should make up for the difference in metabolic efficiency. And he says smokers would have to gain “well more than 50 pounds”to counterbalance the health risks of continued smoking.6)What might “common knowledge”say about smokers and nonsmokers?A. Smokers eat more and exercise less than nonsmokers.B. Smokers eat less and exercise more than nonsmokers.C. Smokers eat more and exercise more than nonsmokers.D. Smokers eat less and exercise less than nonsmokers.7)Whe n might nicotine influence smokers’weight significantly?A. While smokers are at rest.B. While smokers are exercising.C. When Nicotine’s metabolic effects and metabolic rates increase at the same rate.D. When Nicotine’s metabolic effects increase proportionally with the amount of light activities.8)The word “subjects”in the fourth paragraph means .A. researchersB. addicted smokersC. people under medical treatmentD. people undergoing an experiment9)What have the researchers found out in their study?A. People in the nicotine group consumed more energy.B. People in the control group breathed out more air.C. People without nicotine nose spray are becoming much less efficient in using energy.D. People in the armchair expended more energy than people doing desk work.10)Why do the study results seem discouraging to some smokers according to the passage?A. Because they want to keep fit without having to quit smoking.B. Because they want to quit smoking and still keep fit.C. Because they want to gain weight to tackle the health risks of continued smoking.D. Because they want to walking an extra mile a day to lose some weight.参考答案：6) B 7) C 8) D 9) A 10) B解析：（无）∧收起解析According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge. Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. In short, a leader of the new school contends (声称), thescientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable (无数的) directions.Over the years, tools and technology themselves as a source of fundamental innovation (创新) have largely been ignored by historians and philosophers of science. The modern school that hails technology argues that such masters as Galileo, Newton, Maxwell, Einstein, and inventors such as Edison attached great importance to, and derived great benefit from, craft information and technological devices of different kinds that were usable in scientific experiments.The core of the argument of a technology-yes, genius-no advocate was an analysis of Galileo’s role at the st art of the scientific revolution. The wisdom of the day was derived fromPtolemy, an astronomer of the second century, whose elaborate system of the sky put Earth at the center of all heavenly motions. Galileo’s greatest glory was that in 1609 he was the f irst person to turn the newly invented telescope on the heavens to prove that the planets revolve around the sun rather than around the earth. But the real hero of the story, according to the new school of scientists, was the long evolution in the improvement of machinery for making eyeglasses.Federal policy is necessarily involved in the technology vs. genius dispute. Whether the Government should increase the financing of pure science at the expense of technology or vice versa (反之) often depends on the issue of which is seen as the driving force. 11)What leads to the expansion of science in terms of the new school of scientists?A. The creative ideas of the great minds.B. The scientific knowledge of the geniuses.C. The improvement of ordinary tools and techniques.D. The neglected force in scientific innovations.12)What is the nature of scientific revolution according to a leader of the new school?A. It helps to invent a series of new instruments.B. It is actually the result of the development of a series of instruments.C. It pushes the science toward a particular direction.D. It has improved the techniques in innumerable directions.13)Why does modern school of scientists pay attention to the invention and improvement of tools and technology?A. Because they can be applied in scientific experiments.B. Because they are greatly admired by scientists and inventors.C. Because they are overlooked by historians and philosophers.D. Because they can be served as a source of basic innovations.14)What can be inferred from the statement “the real hero of the story, …, was the longevolution in the improvement of machinery for making eyeglasses”?A. The role of Galileo at the start of the scientific revolution was underestimated.B. Ptolemy was the first astronomer to elaborate the system of heavenly motions.C. The improved technology and machinery contributed to Galileo’s great discovery.D. Galileo proved that the sun rather than the earth is the center of the universe.15)What conclusion can be drawn from the last paragraph?A. The government’s decision on its finance allocation is determined by its opinion on the priority between science and technology.B. The government has developed pure science at the expense of technology.C. The government has attached more importance to technology than pure science.D. The government will no longer increase the financialsupport to pure science.参考答案：11) C 12) B 13) D 14) C 15) A解析：（无）∧收起解析Recently there has been a tendency to sympathize with thieves whose operations have been carried out on a grand scale, and no attempt whatever has been made to hold them responsible. Some of the most thievish (像窃贼的) transactions have flourished and arestill flourishing. Their success and their wealth are the only things recognized. They are honored as financiers and men of affairs, looked up to and respected.In reality they are nothing more and nothing less than a lot of merciless and heartless thieves. Fraud is fraud and cheating is cheating despite the artistic manner in which it is committed or the size of the scale upon which it is operated.It is time these men were classed properly and placed where they rightly belong, for they are no better than the miserable sneak-thief who steals a penny from a blind man’s dog.For the past two or three years working people who have made sacrifices to save a few pennies have been cheated most unmercifully. Their hard-earned savings have been stolen from them by every possible scheme from the obvious looting (打劫) of a bank to the higher and more artistic method of legalized high risk, complex financial products. Men high up in the financial world have lent their names to some of the most shady and notorious schemes that ever dishonored a community or a people. Because of this the most diligent and economical (节俭的) American people have been induced to place their hard-earned and carefully guarded savings in what they were led to believe was a safe investment, only to find out when too late that they had fallen into the hands of a gang of extremely respectable cheats. They cannot recover what they have lost.The thief is too powerful to be affected by the law while the victim is too weak to put itsmachinery in motion. It may be that the law is defective, or it may be that those having its machinery in charge are influenced by the wealth of the transgressors (违犯者). Whatever or whichever it is that is responsible ought to be investigated and the evil remedied.16)What does the tendency mentioned in the first paragraph reflect?A. People only respect success and wealth without any moral judgment.B. People prefer to carry out operations on a grand scale.C. People have made attempt to hold thieves responsible.D. People encourage some of the most thievish transactions to flourish.17)How did working people lose their hard-earned savings?A. They were robbed by the thieves nearby.B. They were unlucky in investment.C. They lent their money to men high up in the financial world.D. They were cheated by the bank.18)When the writer says “a g ang of extremely respectablecheats”in Paragraph Four, it is implied that .A. they are respectable in artistic cheatingB. they are well-educated but ill-behavedC. they are not well-educated but respectedD. they are cheats with respectable goals19)What could be a possible reason for the thieves to escape from law according to the passage?A. They are powerful enough to ignore the law.B. There are defects in the law.C. The victim is too weak to investigate them.D. They are wealthy enough to compensate the victims.20)It can be inferred from the passage that .A. any thief should be punishedB. moral standards are always upheldC. there are too many thieves and robbersD. industrious and honest people should be highly paid参考答案：16) A 17) D 18) B 19) B 20) A解析：（无）∧收起解析There is something grimly ridiculous as well as pathetic in the messy way we manage things in our crude attempt as civilization. While we are spending hundreds of thousands of dollars of the people’s money annually in improvi ng the breed of pig, or in fighting cattledisease, we are neglecting the most valuable asset of all, the children of the nation. A million dollars of the people’s moneycan be spent upon a speedway so that rich people might have an opportunity of exercising their blooded stock, while not a penny can be found in the State appropriations (拨款) to find food for starving children.This foolish state of affairs was brought out in strong relief when the school teachers organized themselves into a relief committee to find ways and means for supplying food to the hungry children under their charge. This organization was brought about by the pitiable plight of the children, many of whom had become so weakened for lack of proper nourishment that they fainted at their desks while trying to study their lessons. The teachers have called their organization the “Children’s Relief Society,”and the day after the organization was perfected they were enabled to issue tickets to the most destitute (赤贫的) of the children which entitled them to immediate relief.Besides this effort on the part of the teachers, emergency measures for the relief of hundreds of pupils in other schools have been adopted by the committee of school board members. The newspapers reported that relief came in this case in the form of two soup kitchens which were opened and equipped so as to provide for hundreds of the starving children.Destitution has visited hundreds of families as the result of the business depression. Not only have the educational authorities taken up the matter, but various generous societies have begun active work for relieving the distress. All of which is excellent in every way, yet it is not enough; it does not go far enough, for it ought not to be left to charity, but ought to be made a State duty.21)We learn from the first paragraph that _____.A. we manage things well as civilizationB. we are rich enough to spend money freelyC. we need to care for the starving childrenD. rich people should exercise their blooded stock22)What motivated school teachers to organize the “Children’s Relief Society”?A. The distressing situation of the children.B. The improper ways of supplying food to the children.C. The charge of food unaffordable for children.D. The weak performance of children in study.23)What would the Children’s Relief Society do after its establishment?A. They would provide food directly to poor children.B. They would teach lessons to poor children for free.C. They would give poor children tickets to get food.D. They would relieve poor children’s pressure.24)What other effort for the relief of children is mentioned in the passage?A. The committee of school board members has taken emergency measures.B. People from the newspapers have built soup kitchens to provide for starving children.C. The educational authorities have set up funds to provide help.D. Generous societies have adopted hundreds of pupils in schools.25)According to the passage, who should be most responsible for the relief of children’s starvation?A. The teacher.B. Children’s Relief Society.C. Charitable societies.D. The State.参考答案：21)C 22) A 23) C 24) A 25) D解析：（无）∧收起解析How is it that despite our amazing powers of production there are still hundreds of millions of people all over the earth in continuous want and poverty, and dangerously near the brink of starvation? What are the causes of poverty? Everyone is forced to realize and recognize its existence and no one has yet found a cure for it.Every thinking man has realized that poverty and starvation are not inevitable in the scheme of things. On the contrary, the fruitful earth yields enough for every one of the human beings inhabiting its surface without the twisted distribution of nature’s generosity (慷慨). This twisting is caused by our crude and ill developed ideas of distribution and the improper ordering of human services. In the first place, these services can be hindered at their source, and among the factors that operate in this direction may be war, crime, lack of healthy supervision, insufficient attention to rising generations, monopolies (垄断) and various private ownerships that limit the usefulness of property, and neglected and wasteful destruction of property.In the second place, the great cause of poverty isunproductive consumption. Services become unproductive when they are devoted to supplying luxuries or an excessive quantity of necessaries, which may be summed up in a single word: waste. These are the primary causes of poverty; they are responsible for the presence of starvation.Is there a remedy?The elimination of waste through perfect production and distribution is a problem that is slowly but surely being solved by the great combinations of capital that have destroyed competition. These monopolies, selfish in the extreme and with no thought beyond profit at any price, are rendering us useful service by teaching us the importance of cooperation and cooperative methods. When these great industrial combinations, these wonderfully smooth running great business machines become the property of all the people and cease to be operated for private gain, a great step will have been taken in the direction of the solution of the starvation problem. When everyone will produce according to his ability and consume according to his needs, then, and not until then will poverty and starvation depart entirely and forever from the minds of men.26)According to the passage, starvation _____.A. is inevitable in whatever conditionB. is the result of insufficient productionC. is owing to th e improper distribution of nature’s generosityD. is due to excessive consumption by human beings27)Which of the following can hinder human services at their source?A. Private ownerships and unproductive consumption.B. Luxuries and an excessive quantity of necessaries.C. Crime and lack of wealthy supervision.D. War and destruction of property.28)Why does unproductive consumption is considered as the great cause of poverty in Paragraph Three?A. Because people stop producing but only consume.B. Beca use people devote too much to luxuries and don’t produce anything.C. Because people are supplied with excessive quantity of necessaries and waste a lot.D. Because people who don’t produce are responsible for the presence of starvation.29)How to eliminate waste through production and distribution according to the passage?A. By seeking profit at any price and being selfish.B. By privatizing business machines and teaching the importance of cooperation.C. By creating more monopolies to make more profits.D. By cooperating and making the industrial combinations public property.30)When can the starvation problem be solved according to the passage?A. When the great industrial combinations cease to be operated for private gain.B. When private monopolies become public property and the element of profit is eliminated.C. When production is organized based on personal capabilities and distribution on individual needs.D. When efficiency of production has been greatly enhanced.参考答案：26) C 27) D 28) C 29) D 30) C解析：（无）∧收起解析。
大学英语阅读理解及答案
大学英语阅读理解及答案【篇一：大学英语阅读理解及解答】i’m pretty confident that there will never be a day when all the world is in agreement about the best human diet. i’m an omnivore myself, but i have friends who swear by their paleo, vegetarian, and vegan diets. all of us can make compelling arguments about why we eat the way we do, and all of us can make valid criticisms of diets that are unlike our own.for me, deciding how and what to eat required a close examination of the values and principles that truly matter to me. the type of food we consume has immediate health and economic consequences, but it also has a significant impact on our environment.as a study shows, the manner and scale at which our society currently raises animal for human consumption contributes to climate change in major way. it also wastes water, pollutes our soil, and contaminates fresh water supplies. so if you’re really trying to live a low-impact life, eating less meat and ensuring that the meat you do eat is raised by responsible farmers and ranchers could help you shrink your carbon footprint a lot faster than buying a hybrid or skipping showers.1. the author believes that ( )a. people will be more and more rational in choosing the food they eat.b. the arguments about what should be eaten will never come to an end.c. people will someday reach a consensus on what the best food is.d. people will be more and more fastidious in choosing the food they eat.2. when deciding how and what to eat, the author ( )a. has some important principles to follow.b. will consult with his friends.c. will follow the instructions of his friends.d. considers only his own interests.3. the type of food we eat ( )a. has an indirect but great effect on our environment.b. has nothing to do with our environment.c. has nothing to do with our health.d. is decided only by our economic status.4. what is implied in paragraph 3 ( )a. we should stop raising animals for human consumption.b. we should stop eating animals.c. the way animals are raised for human consumption should be improved.d. environmental pollution and climate change are caused by raising animals for human consumption.passage 2americans are too busy for lunch breaks, reports aol. rather than leaving the office for some much needed relaxation, most workers are opting to dine at their desks. according to a survey, 62% of american office workers usually eat their lunch in the same spot they work all day.in a weakened economy, many employees feel a heightened need to prove their worth or look like a superstar worker who goes above and beyond to get the job done.plus, when coworkers are working through their lunch breaks, no one wants to be the person who looks like a slacker.for others, it is not just a matter of saving time, but saving money. eating out routinely gets expensive, so bringing a lunch to eat at the desk is also the thrifty choice for the american worker.on a national level, the united states does not mandate that businesses allow their employees a lunch break. however, 22 states do have explicit laws on the books stating that workers must take a half hour to hour lunch break. nonetheless, even workers in these states often find themselves ignoring the law to chow down next to their computers.in addition to lunch, 27% will eat breakfast at their desk (at least they are not skipping it altogether), and 50% will snack at their desk throughout the workday. unfortunately, using the desk as a dining table could be a health hazard. with about two in three workers admitting they clean their desk less than once a month, the unsanitary surface leaves workers susceptible to foodborne illnesses.1. according to the report by aol, most american office workers usually ( )a. take lunch at their desks.b. take a nap after lunch.c. go out to eat at lunch time.d. enjoy free lunch.2. ( ) makes the american employees feel a heightened need to prove their worth.a. the employers’ encouragementb. an upturn in economyc. the cozy working environment.d. a downturn in economy.3. according to paragraph 4, ( )?a. most states of america have passed the laws stating that workers must take some lunch break.b. the workers in the 22 states work fewer hours than those in the other states.c. the workers in the 22 states do not necessarily take a better lunch break than those in the other states.d. the workers in the 22 states take a longer lunch break than those in the other states.4. what is a disadvantage of taking lunch at the desk?a. it may save time for the employees.b. it may do harm to the employees’ health.c. it may save money for the employees.d. it may help the employees reduce their weight.passage 3ten years a go, the city’s municipal utilities department launched “delicious recycling”, a program aimed at encouraging residents to get into the habit ofcollecting recyclable waste in exchange for fresh vegetables, grown locally in a public-run garden — and boy did it take off. today, the garden boasts more than 30 thousand plants to meet the demand of thousands of veggie-loving recyclers, turning aluminum cans and plastic bottles into edible greens. ultimately, the program has done wonders for the health of the environment as well, by ridding the city of improperly disposed waste.1. waste recycling programs ( )a. are paid little attention to in many urban centers.b. help make communities clean and tidy.c. have nothing to do with the sanitation of communities.d. are inactive in many urban centers.2. the purpose of “delicious recycling” is ( )a. to teach residents how to make delicious food.b. to reward residents who do well in classifying rubbish.c. to encourage residents to trade recyclable waste for meat or vegetables.d. to encourage residents to trade recyclable waste for vegetables.3. according to local mayor miguel haddad, ( )a. water in storm drains is flowing more freely than before because the trash in it has been removed.b. water in storm drains can be exchanged for healthy food.c. water in storm drains is essential to the growing of fresh vegetables.d. there is more trash in storm drains now than there used to be.4. what can be inferred from the last paragraph?a. “delicious recycling” has failed to achieve the desired result.b. there are no waste recycling programs in other brazilian municipalities.passage 4a class action lawsuit has been filed against general mills for misrepresenting the product it calls yoplait greek. it isn’t greek, and it isn’t yogurt. the sales of yoplait greek already lag far behind other brands such as chobani and fage in an exploding greek yogurt market, and this latest lawsuit won’t help any.“yoplait greek does not comply with the standard of identity of yogurt,” the lawsuit states. “indeed, yoplait greek containsmilk protein concentrate (“mpc”) which is not among the permissible ingredients of yogurt, non-fat yogurt, and low-fat yogurt (collectively “yogurt”) as set forth under the food, drug, and cosmetic act.”authentic greek yogurt is thicker in consistency and richer in protein because it’s strained of liquid whey. but mpc offers an alternative to this process. it is, as described onfoodnavigator-usa, “a very high protein dry milk product,which has been touted for use in greek-style products to increase their protein content and provide a thick, creamy texture without the need for expensive straining.”in its corporate eagerness to claim a larger share of the greek yogurt market, general mills adds mpc to yoplait greekbecause, as reported in the minneapolis / st. paul business journal, it is “cheaper to store and transport than wet milk and costs less than dry milk due to minimal tariffs on mpc imports and lower foreign milk prices.” new zealand is the biggest supplier of mpc to the united states. in short, as stated in the lawsuit, “the use of mpc is financially advantageous to defendants.” it allows general mills to manufacture more product at lower cost, and that’s the only reason it’s in the yogurt.never mind that the use of the substance in yogurt flouts fda rules for the standard of identity of the food. so far the extent of general mills’s defense is that the fda never exp licitly prohibited mpc in yogurt. that’s a lesson in logic. any substance that is not explicitly prohibited is officially permitted. never mind, as well, the questionable safety of the substance, which is not included on the fda list of substances generally recognized as safe (gras) or on the fda list of food additives. in other words, it hasn’t actually been approved for use in food.1. the lawsuit against general mills ( )a. is a leading factor that has caused the sales of yoplait greek to lag behind other brands.b. will make the sales of yoplait greek lag behind other brandsc. will help increase the sales of yoplait greek.d. has no direct relationship with the fact that the sales of yoplait greek have already lagged far behind other brands.2. authentic greek yogurt ( )a. is strained of liquid whey.b. thicker in consistency than yoplait greek.c. richer in protein than yoplait greek.d. contains mpc.3. according to the lawsuit, it is ( ) that general mills adds mpc to yoplait greek.a. for the improvement of its qualityb. for the convenience of transportationc. for the reduction of costsd. for the extension of its shelf life4. which of the following statements is true?a. the fda has approved the use of mpc in yogurt.b. mpc is on the fda list of substances generally recognized as safec. the fda has neither prohibited nor approved the use of mpcin yogurt.d. mpc is on the fda list of food additives.passage 5apples have become the latest controversial entry into the genetically modified food debate, following a july 12 new york times piece written by andrew pollack. okanagan specialty fruits, a small british columbia company, wants to start marketing a non-browning apple, and it has applied for approval in canada and in the united states.the arctic apple, available so far in the golden delicious and granny smith varieties, contains an extra copy of a gene which interferes with the enzymatic activity that causes browning. the enzyme is polyphenol oxidase.according to neal carter, founder and president of okanagan specialty fruits, the non-browning arctic apple is just what consumers are looking for. a whole apple, he tells the times, is “for many people too big a commitment,” and apple slices that have browned ju st aren’t appetizing. (what a burden we bear —to have to eat a whole apple, let alone an unsightly one.)carter suggests that it is merely a cosmetic change intendedto encourage people to eat more apples. but it’s more than that, of course.it is inten ded “to turn the apple into an industrialized product,” said lucy sharratt, coordinator of the canadian biotechnology action network, as reported in the times. in common ground, a canadian monthly magazine dedicated to health, wellness and ecology, yukon f armer tom rudge says, “we should eat realfood instead of genetically engineering an apple so companies can slice it, wrap it in plastic and truck it across the country.” organic apple farmer harry burton of salt spring island sees it as “an indication of our distancing from nature.”as pollack reports, the u.s. apple association opposes the introduction of the arctic apple, but not out of any objection to genetic engineering. in fact, they declare on their website that “in order to continue discovering ne w and valuable benefits from apples, u.s. apple supports advancements from technology and genetics and genomics research.” the problem for u.s. apple, pollack writes, is that the non-browning arctic apple “could undermine the fruit’s image as a healthy andnatural food, the one that keeps the doctor away and is as american as, well, apple pie.”1. as to the arctic apple, which of the following statements is wrong?a. it will not turn brown.b. there is no enzymatic activity in its body.c. it is a kind of genetically modified food.d. the enzymatic activity that causes browning has been reduced.2. according to neal carter, ( )a. the non-browning arctic apple is very popular among consumers.b. a new type of smaller apple will be developed to meet the demand of some consumers.c. the color of apples has nothing to do with one’s appetite.d. the non-browning arctic apple is more nutritious than other varieties.3. from what the organic farmers said, we know that it is undesirable to ( )a. eat real food instead of genetically modified food.【篇二：大学英语b-阅读理解答案】artin luther king was a black minister, who became a great leader of the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s.king was born on january 15, 1929 in atlanta, georgia. when he was young, he was strongly influenced by thoreau and indian leader mahatma gandhis idea of non-violent resistance. having received a ph. d (doctor of philosophy) from boston university, he became a political and religious leader of the non-violent civil relights movement in 1955. on august 28, 1963, he led over 250,000 americans on a march in washington d.c. to fight for the civil rights law to guarantee equality for all dream is a dream of brotherly love and equality for the black and white. thus, he was awarded the nobel prize for peace in 1964, but he was murdered four years later.though he died, he was greatly respected and loved by the americans, both the white and the black. by vote of congress in 1968, the third monday of every january is now a federal holiday in luther kings honor. he lives in peoples hearts forever.(1)、martin luther king was murdered when he was 39 years old. a：t b：f 答案：a(2)、martin luther king was a black minister only. a：t b：f 答案：b(3)、martin luther kings day has been a federal holiday formore than 40 years. a：t b：f 答案：a(4)、the underlined word delivered in the second paragraph could be replaced by gave. a：t b：f 答案：a(5)、the best title for this passage is civil rights law. a：t b：f答案：b43、a public house which was recently bought by mr. james is up for sale. he is going to sell it because it is haunted (闹鬼的). he told me that he could not go to sleep one night because he heard a strangenoise coming from the bar. the next morning, he found thatthe doors had been blocked by chairs and the furniture had been moved. though mr. james had turned the lights off before he went to bed, they were on in the morning. he also said thathe had found five empty whisky bottles which the ghost (鬼) must have drunk the night before. when i suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, he shook his head. the villagers have told him that they will not accept it even if he gives it away. (1)、mr. james was the owner of the public house.a：tb：f 答案：a(2)、mr. james had not turned off the lights that night. a：tb：f 答案：b(3)、mr. james built the house.a：tb：f 答案：b(4)、mr. james found sixty empty bottles. a：tb：f 答案：b(5)、the writer of the passage believes mr. james story. a：tb：f 答案：b44、great changes have been made in family life because of science and industry.in the past, when more americans lived on farms, the typical family had many children. in a farm family, parents and their children often lived with grandparents. often, too, uncles and aunts lived nearby. but when industry became more importantthan agriculture in american life, families became smaller because industry requires workers who are ready and able to move off the land and to move againwhenever necessary. and large families can not be moved from place to place as smaller families can. so, at present people tend to have smaller families.in the future, because of industrialization, a typical family will be required to move even more often than now, so families will be even smaller. the typical family may remain childless and consists only of a man and a woman. a small number of families may take child raising as their chief work. at the same time they may also raise other peoples children, leaving those families free to move from job to job. (1)、the passage discusses influence of science and industry on american families. a：tb：f 答案：a(2)、families of the past, the present and the future are described in the passage.a：tb：f 答案：a(3)、people no longer want to have children. a：tb：f 答案：b(4)、grandparents will take the chief responsibility of raising children in the future.a：tb：f 答案：b(5)、large families cannot fit in with a highly industrialized society. a：tb：f 答案：a45、my husband had just bought a new washing machine for me. i decided to use it and i washed a lot of things.everything worked well, but i found one of my husbands socks missing. i looked everywhere for it, but i couldnt find it anywhere.the next morning, i got ready for school as usual. when the bell rang, the students came in. i greeted them first and then told them what we were going to do that day.when i turned around to write on the blackboard, the class broke out a roar!they laughed and laughed. they laughed so much, in fact, that i was afraid the headmaster would1be into seeing all this.i asked the class to stop, but the more i talked, the more they laughed. i decided to pay no attention to them and i continuedto write on the blackboard. when i did this, they roared even more.finally, the teacher who had the room next to mine came in to see what all the laughter was about. when he came in, he started laughing, too!good heavens, i said. will someone please tell me what is so funny?oh, god, said the teacher. you have a brown sock to the backof your skirt! so thats how i found my husbands missing sock. oh, well, i said to the class. lets just say you have had an unforgettable lesson on static (静止的) electricity.(1)、the writer was a teacher. a：tb：f 答案：a(2)、when the writer turned around to write on the blackboard, the class began to laugh loudly. a：tb：f 答案：a(3)、she couldnt find one of her husbands socks, because her husband had taken it away. a：tb：f 答案：b(4)、the teacher from the next room laughed, because he found a sock on the back of the writers skirt. a：tb：f 答案：a(5)、the students told her about the laughing. a：tb：f 答案：b46、tom arrived at the bus station quite early for paris bus. the bus for paris would not leave until five to twelve. he saw a lot of people waiting in the station. some were standing in line, others were walking around. there was a group of schoolgirls. their teacher was trying to keep them in line. tom looked around, but there was no place for him to sit.he walked into the station cafe. he looked up at the clock there. it was only twenty to twelve. he found a seat and sat down before a large mirror on the wall. just then, mike, one of toms workmates came in and sat with tom.what time is your bus? asked mike. theres plenty of time yet answered tom.well, ill get you some more tea then said mike.they talked while drinking. then tom looked at the clock again. oh! its going backward he cried. a few minutes ago it was twenty to twelve, and now its half past eleven.youre looking at the clock in the mirror. said mike. tom was so sad. the next bus was not to leave for another hour. since then tom has never liked mirrors.(1)、tom went into the station cafe because mike asked him to have a cup of tea. a：tb：f 答案：b(2)、tom and mike talked while drinking. a：tb：f 答案：a(3)、when tom looked at the clock in the mirror, its actually half past twelve. a：tb：f 答案：a(4)、from the story we know that when we look at a clock in a mirror, we will find its going backward. a：tb：f 答案：a(5)、tom arrived in paris on time. a：tb：f 答案：b47、my aunt edith was a widow of 50, working as a secretary, when doctors discovered what was then thought to be a very serious heart disease.aunt edith didnt accept defeat easily. she began studying medical reports in the library and found an article in a magazine about a well-known heart surgeon, dr. michael debakey, of houston, texas. he had saved the life of someone with the same disease. the article said his fees were very high; aunt edith couldnt possibly pay them. but could he tell her of someone whose fees she could pay?so aunt edith wrote to him. she simply listed her reasons for wanting to live: her three children, who would be on their own in three or four more years; her little-girl dream of traveling and seeing the world. there wasnt a word of self-pity－only warmth and humor and the joy of living. she mailed the letter, not really expecting an answer.a few days later, my doorbell rang. aunt edith didnt wait to come in; she stood in the hall and read aloud:your beautiful letter moved me very deeply. if you can come to houston, there will be nocharge for either the hospital or the operation.signed :michael debakey(1)、aunt edith stopped working as a secretary when she knew she had a very serious heart disease. a：tb：f 答案：b(2)、from the story we can see aunt edith accepted defeat easily. a：tb：f 答案：b(3)、in aunt ediths letter to the doctor, she showed she was warm, humorous and enjoying living. a：tb：f 答案：a(4)、when aunt edith mailed her letter, she didnt expect the doctor would give her a reply. a：t b：f 答案：a (5)、michaeldebakey mainly told aunt edith in the letter that her disease was so serious that he couldnt cure her.a：t b：f 答案：b48、people often say that the englishmans home is his castle. they mean that the home is very important2and personal. most people in britain live in houses rather than flats, and many people own their homes. this means that they can make them personal, and change them in any way they like. most houses have a garden, even if it is a small one, and the garden is usually loved. the house and the garden are the private space of a person. in a crowded city a person knows that he or she has a private space which is only for himself or herself and for invited friends.people usually like to mark their space. if you are on the beach you may have spread your towels around you; in the rain you may have put your coat or small bag on the seat beside you; in a library you may spread your books around you.once i was traveling on a train to london. i was on a sectionfor four people and there was a table between us. the man opposite to me had his briefcase on the table. there was no space on my side of the table at all. i was unhappy. i thoughthe thought that he owned the whole table. i had been reading a book about nonverbal （非语言的） communication so i took various papers out of my bag and put them on his case! when i did this he suddenly became angry and his eyes nearly popped out （突出）of his head. i had taken up his space! a few minutes later i took my papers off in order to read them. he immediately moved his case to his side of the table.(1)、the home matters greatly to englishmen. a：tb：f 答案：a(2)、the british can own private space like the house and the garden. a：tb：f 答案：a(3)、according to paragraph 2, if you spread your books around you in a library, it means you want to tell others the space belongs to you. a：tb：f 答案：a(4)、the man opposite to the writer showed that he owned the whole table by reading a book. a：tb：f 答案：b(5)、the writer tried to get back his space by moving the case off the table. a：tb：f 答案：bthe young man told him everything. the manager felt sorry for him and decided to help him. a bright idea struck him. the manager pointed to the corner of the shop. to his great surprise the young man saw a vase broken into many pieces. the manager said: when the servant enters the room, he will drop it.everything happened as had been planned. the servant brought in the vase, and as he entered the room,he dropped it. there was horror on everybodys face. when the box was opened, the guests saw that each piece was packed separately.(1)、the story took place in the united states. a：tb：f 答案：b(2)、the young mans family was poor while the beautiful girl is rich, according to the passage. a：tb：f 答案：a(3)、the young man wanted to buy a present as a christmas gift for the girl. a：tb：f 答案：b(4)、the shop manager came to talk to the young man, because he was poorly dressed. a：t b：f 答案：b50、a pretty, well-dressed young lady stopped a taxi in a big square, and said to the driver, do you see that young man at the other side of the square?yes, said the taxi driver. the young man was standing outside a restaurant and looking impatiently at his watch every few seconds.take me over there, said the young lady.there were a lot of cars and buses in the square, so the taxi driver asked, are you afraid to cross the street?oh, no! said the young lady. but i promised that i would meet the young man for lunch at one o clock, and it is now a quarter to two. if i arrive in a taxi, it will at least seem as if i had tried not to be late. (1)、the story doesnt tell us how the young woman got to the square. a：t b：f 答案：a(2)、the lady stopped the taxi because she was afraid of walking across the street. a：t b：f 答案：b(3)、the young man at the other side of the square had probably been waiting for a long time. a：t b：f 答案：a(4)、the young lady was clever at making excuse. a：t b：f 答案：a(5)、the young lady was just pretending that she had tried. a：t b：f 答案：a351、younger people and older people do not always agree.they sometimes have different ideas about life, work and play. but in one special program in new york state, adults and teenagers live together in peace. each summer 200 teenagers and 50 adults live together for eight weeks as members of a special work group. everyone works several hours each day.the aim is not just to keep busy but rather to find meaning and enjoyment in work. some teenagers work in the woods or onthe farms near the village. some learn to make furniture and to build houses. the adults teach them these skills.there are several free hours each day. weekends are free, too. during the free hours some of the teenagers learn photography or painting. others sit around talking and singing. each teenager chooses his own way to spend his free time.when people live together, rules are always necessary. in this program the teenagers and the adults make the rules together.if someone breaks a rule, the problem goes before the whole group. the group discusses the problem. they ask, why did it happen? what should we do about it?one of the teenagers has this to say about the experience:you stop thinking only about yourself. you learn how to think about the group.(1)、the passage is mainly about how adults and teenagerslive together in a special group. a：t b：f 答案：a(2)、the special program offered every winter in new york city. a：t b：f 答案：b(3)、people will make more rules when someone breaks a rule. a：t b：f 答案：b(4)、to find a way to solve the generation gap is not stated directly in the passage as a purpose of the program.a：t b：f 答案：a(5)、some teenagers learn photography when they are free. a：t b：f 答案：a52、there was once a large, fat woman who had a small, thin husband. he had a job in a big company and was given hisweekly wages every friday evening. as soon as he got home on fridays, his wife used to make him give her all his money, and then she used to give him back enough to buy his lunch in the office every day.one day the small man came home very excited. he hurried into the living-room. his wife was listening to the radio and eating chocolates there.youll never guess what happened to me today, dear, he said.he waited for a few seconds and then added, i won ten thousand pounds on the lottery!thats wonderful! said his wife delightedly. but then she thought for a few seconds and added angrily, but wait a moment! how could you afford to buy the lottery tickets?(1)、the small man was allowed to keep just enough to buy his lunch in the office every day. a：tb：f答案：a(2)、the man won a lottery one day.a：tb：f 答案：a(3)、the woman is good-natured.a：tb：f 答案：b(4)、the woman was pleased yet suspicious when her husband won a lottery. a：tb：f 答案：a(5)、the man had to give almost all his money to his wife every week.a：tb：f 答案：b53、ramon was very proud of his dog blackie. whenever he got a chance, he would ask his dog to amuse his friends with some tricks.one day ramon went to visit his friend frank who was sick at home with a bad cold. how are you feeling? asked ramon. worse than yesterday, replied frank. i have a terrible cough, and theres not a drop of medicine in the house.cheer up, frank. ill send blackie to the local drugstore for some cough syrup (糖浆). hell be back in a minute, before you know it. ramon put a five-dollar bill in blackies mouth and the dog ran down the street. and keep the change, ramon shouted after him.oh, ramon, dont be silly. you know that dog wont be back with any medicine. oh yes, he will, replied ramon. half an hour later, however, blackie had not returned. ramon was feeling embarrassed, and felt angry at his friends little smile.something has happened to him, im sure, said ramon. he obeys me as a rule. just then frank saw blackie at a distance.。
大学英语阅读理解13
一、阅读理解1、We do love our children, but what they can do to our marriages is another story.A recent review found that marriage satisfaction dropped 42% after the first baby. The shift from lovers to parents can rock your marriage down to its roots. That's why we're here to help.First，don't blame yourselves on mistakes you made. Experts say the first baby is the biggest challenge your marriage will ever face. You're both lack of experience, so it's no big deal if each of you makes any mistake. Don't feel guilty or personally responsible for the mistakes and don't blame your spouse (配偶). You're only responsible if you don't do anything to fix them up.Second, talk about your frustrations (沮丧) and fatigue. You must know that kisses and hugs are not all for caring for your little one; feeding, changing, bathing and entertaining your baby make you feel exhausted physically and mentally. You should find time to talk together about your frustrations, fatigue, and even moments of anger. These feelings are normal － not a sign that you're a bad parent. Accepting each other's feelings can even keep you feeling closer.Third, be frank about the losses as well as the gains. New parents often worried silently and separately about all the ways a new baby has changed their lives, creating marriage distance. A new dad may feel that the new baby has taken his place as number one in his wife's affection. A new mom may feel sad about the ways pregnancy, nursing, and the demands of child care have changed her body. These feelings are normal too. Sharing them will help you feel better.Finally, take part in groups for new parents. If you compare notes with other new parents, you can be provided with emotional support. You will also have a sense of sure that, no matter how busy things are, it's just part of life. You'll be far less likely to blame your marriage and much more likely to find solutions － and feel good about what you're doing together.(1)、The purpose of the passage is to ______.A：warn lovers not to have childrenB：do some researches on marriageC：teach people how to make friendsD：help lovers adapt to the role as parents答案： D评析：空(2)、According to the author, it ______ if you make mistakes when looking after your first baby.A：doesn't matterB：is importantC：can do harmD：is dangerous答案： A评析：此题没有评析(3)、Which of the following is suggested to be shared between couples?A：Frustrations.B：Fatigue.C：Anger.D：All of the above.评析：此题没有评析(4)、If you compare notes with other new parents, you will find ______.A：life varies too muchB：it's just part of lifeC：life is complicatedD：marriage is perfect答案： B评析：此题没有评析(5)、How many suggestions does the author give in this passage?A：Two.B：Three.C：Four.D：Five答案： C评析：此题没有评析2、 Since World War II, there has been a clearly discernible trend, especially among the growing group of college students, toward early marriage. Many youths begin dating in the first stages of adolescence, "go steady" through high school, and marry before their formal education has been completed. However, emotional maturity is no respecter of birthdays; it does not arrive automatically at twenty-one or twenty-five. Some achieve it surprisingly early, while others never do, even in three-score years and ten.Many students are marrying as an escape, not only from an unsatisfying home life, but also from their own personal problems of isolation and loneliness. And it can almost be put down as a dictum that any marriage seldom solves one's problems, more often, it merely makes them worse. Furthermore, it is doubtful whether the home is an institution that is capable of carrying all that the young are seeking to put into it. Young people correctly understand that their parents are wrong in believing that "success" is the ultimate good, but they erroneously believe that they themselves have found the true center of life's meaning. Their expectations of marriage are essentially utopian and therefore incapable of fulfillment. They want too much, and disappointments are often bound to follow.Shall we, then, join the chorus of "Miseries" over early marriage? One cannot generalize: all early marriages are not bad any more than all later ones are good. Satisfactory marriages are determined not by time, but by the emotional maturity of the partners. Therefore, each case must be judged on its own merits. If the early marriage is not an escape, if it is entered into with relatively few illusions or false expectations, and if it is economically feasible, why not? Good marriages can be made from sixteen to sixty, and so are bad ones.(1)、According to this article the trend toward early marriages __________.A：was the result of the Great Depression of the 1930'sB：could not be easily determinedC：is one that could be clearly seenD：is a result of the emotional maturity of the young答案： C评析：此题没有评析(2)、The author suggests that many of today's early marriages are a result of __________. A：escapismB：theological dictumC：lack of formal educationD：convenience评析：此题没有评析(3)、More often than not, early marriage will __________.A：not affect one's problemsB：solve a person's problemsC：intensify one's problemsD：ease one's problems答案： C评析：此题没有评析(4)、The author states that the home as an institution is __________.A：overratedB：unworthy of worshipC：a god who can grant everything that you wish forD：probably not capable of being what many young people expect it to be答案： D评析：此题没有评析(5)、Many young people who marry early believe that __________.A：their parents have found the true meaning of lifeB：they have found the true center of life's meaningC："success" is the ultimate goodD：to succeed is not at all important答案： B评析：此题没有评析二、词汇与语法1、If the rain doesn't stop, people will be faced ________ serious flooding.A：toB：aboutC：byD：with答案： D评析：此题没有评析2、The theory of class currently prevailing in the West is ______ based on what Max Weber,a German sociologist, proposed.A：fairlyB：kindlyC：largelyD：greatly答案： C评析：此题没有评析3、______ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.A：ForB：SinceC：NowD：Despite答案： C评析：此题没有评析4、It is extremely _____ that the letter be sent to the general.A：hasteB：urgentD：competitive答案： B评析：此题没有评析5、The Chinese food ______ good.A：are tastedB：tastesC：is tastedD：taste答案： B评析：空6、You must speak slowly, so that you can make yourself ________.A：understoodB：being understoodC：understandingD：to be understood答案： A评析：空7、Rod is determined to get a seat for the concert ______ it means standing in a queue all night.A：as ifB：providedC：even ifD：whatever答案： C评析：此题没有评析8、Our products are displayed in Stand B22, _____ you will find me during office hours. A：whenB：whichC：thatD：where答案： D评析：此题没有评析9、At that moment she was standing a few meters away from __________ we are now.A：whereB：whatC：whichD：there答案： A评析：此题没有评析10、Sometimes she feels very depressed, as if tomorrow _________ come.A：doesn'tB：wouldn'tC：mustn'tD：didn't答案： B评析：此题没有评析三、完型填空1、As the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The planewas moving unsteadily through the air, and although the passengers had __21__ their seat belts, they were suddenly thrown forward. At that moment, the air-hostess appeared. She looked very pale, but she was quite 22 . Speaking quickly but almost in a whisper she __23__ everyone that the pilot had fainted and asked __24__ any of the passengers knew anything about machines -- or at least how to drive a car. After a moment's hesitation, a man got up and followed the stewardess into the pilot's cabin.25 the pilot aside, the man took his seat and listened carefully to the urgent instructions that were 26 by radio from the airport below. The plane was now dangerously close to the ground, but to everyone's relief, it soon began to 27 . The man 28 circle the airport several times in order to become 29 the controls.Following instructions, the man guided the plane towards the airfield. It shook violently as it touched the ground and then moved rapidly across the field, but after a long 30 it stopped safely. Outside, a crowd of people who had been waiting anxiously rushed forward to congratulate the pilot on a perfect landing.(1)、A：installedB：fastenedC：connectedD：loosened答案： B评析：空(2)、A：calmB：pleasantC：sadD：nervous答案： A评析：空(3)、A：reportedB：revealedC：announcedD：informed答案： D评析：空(4)、A：ifB：whoeverC：whatD：how答案： A评析：空(5)、A：PersuadingB：LyingC：MovingD：Bringing答案： C评析：空(6)、A：sentB：being sentC：sendingD：to be sent答案： B评析：空(7)、A：take offB：landC：climbD：decline答案： C评析：空(8)、A：intended toB：had toC：neededD：used to答案： B评析：空(9)、A：aware ofB：sensitive toC：known toD：familiar with答案： D评析：空(10)、A：flightB：timeC：runD：road答案： C评析：空四、汉译英(1)、当主席宣读获奖者的名单时，她感到心跳得厉害。
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大学英语阅读理解题及答案
大学英语阅读理解题及答案
以下是由yjbys小编为大家提供的大学英语的`阅读理解题以及参考答案，欢迎要考六级的同学阅读学习一下哦!
第一篇：
In the last two hundred years there have been great changes in the method of production of goods. This is now also true of the building industry; for mechanization has been introduced. System building can save both time and money. The principle of system building is that the building is made from a set of standard units. These are either made at the building-site or at a factory. Some designers, in fact, are standardizing the dimensions of rooms. They are made in multiples of a single fixed length, usually ten centimeters. This is called a modular (标准件的) system, and it means that manufactures can produce standardized fittings at a lower cost. The most important fact about system building is its speed. A ten-storey flat, for example, can be completed in four months.
There are several new methods of system building. One is the panel method. In this case, the construction company sometimes erects a factory on the site. The walls and floors of the building, called panels, are cast in a horizontal or vertical position. Conduits for electrical wires and sleeves for pipes are cast in the panels when they are being made. The moulds for making these castings are situated all around the building.
After the concrete panels are cast, they are allowed to set and harden for a week. Next they are lifted by a tower crane on to any section of the building. There the panels are cemented together at their joints and the floor covering is laid.
After the panels have been cemented together, the crane lifts a case into the area. It contains all the fittings to be installed, such as wash-basins, radiators and pipes. Finishing tradesmen, such as plumbers, plasterers, painters and electricians, follow behind to complete the work.
In some building developments, in some countries, whole flats with internal features like their bathrooms, bedrooms and connecting stairs, and weighing as much as twenty tons, are carried to the building-site ready-made. A giant overhead crane is used to lift them into position. In the future, this method may become more widespread.
1. The main difference between panel method and the method discussed in the last paragraph is_______.
A. the latter uses ready-made internal features
B. panels are cast in a level position
C. the former is used to build walls and floors while the latter to construct bathrooms or bedrooms
D. the former is more expensive than the latter
2. Which of these statements is TRUE of system building?
A. It employs more men.
B. It is difficult and dangerous.
C. It can save both time and money.
D. It means less mechanization.
3. According to the passage, the principle of system building is that_______.
A. construction methods are safer
B. buildings are made from a set of standardized units
C. similar buildings can be produced
D. all units are produced on the site
4. The usual fixed length in the modular system is_______.
A. twenty centimeters
B. ten millimeters
C. fifty centimeters
D. ten centimeters
5. What lifts the concrete panels onto the building?
A. Cranes.
B. Man-power.
C. Pulleys.
D. Hydraulic jacks.。