1.定语从句
定语从句(1)
定语从句一．定语从句的定义：所谓定语从句，就是用一个句子来做定语来修饰一个名词，其中被修饰的名词叫做先行词，连接先行词和从句之间（或者说引导定语从句）的词语叫做关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。
其中常见的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,as,but,than;常见的关系副词有：why,when,where.（注意：what，how，whether，if和特殊疑问词+ever不能引导定语从句）。
二．如何选择定语从句的连接词：首先明确先行词是什么，然后找到后面的从句，把从句单独拿出来分析，看一看先行词在句子中做什么成分，根据语法选择连接词。
Eg:He tried to escape from the prison that/which was builtin the Middle Age .分析：1.找先行词：prison 2.把prison放入从句中可以看到prison在从句中是做主语，即the prison was built in the Middle Age .而在定语从句中能充当主语的连接词一般情况下是that和which，于是就能选出连接词了。
三．连接词的用法：1.that：可以修饰人和物，在从句中作主语或宾语,表语，做宾语的时候一般情况下可以省略。
Eg: She is a girl who/that has long hair.(在从句中做主语) Is this the news (that)/which you wanted to tell me yesterday?(在从句中做宾语，可以省略that)He is no longer a kind-hearted man that he used to be(在从句中做表语)注意：1）that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：His father died in the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
1.定语从句（形容词性从句）专题讲解
定语从句（Attributive Clause）一关系代词引导的定语从句(who/whom/whose/which/that)1.Who,指代范围是人，句子中充当主语/宾语（限定性定语从句中作宾语可省略）①作主语The boy who is standing there is my cousin.②作宾语The young man(who)Jane loves is standing there.2.Whom,指代范围是人，句子中只充当宾语（限定性定语从句中作宾语可省略）The man(whom) you met yesterday is my teacher.注意：紧接着介词后面作介词的宾语时只能用whom,不用who；如果介词在词尾两者都可以。
①This is the person from whom I learn about news.②This is the person who/whom I learn about news from.不过按照习惯，一般介词都会放在前面，①中那样比较常见。
3.Whose(of whom/of which),指代范围人/物，句子中充当定语①Do you know the boy whose father(the father of whom) is an teacher?②He lives in a house whose windows (the window of which) face south.注意：“介词+关系代词”从句中作定语时被修饰词常常需要提前。
There is a room, the window of which faces the river.4.Which 代指物，句子中充当主语/宾语（限定性定语从句中作宾语可省略）①Children like to read books which have wonderful pictures.②The pen(which) my uncle gave me is missing.注意：which除了指物以外，还可以指代婴儿、动物和表示表示单数意义的集合名词，此外还可以指人的职业、地位或品格等。
(完整版)定语从句(完整版)
定语从句定语从句及相关术语1. 定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2. 关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, whi ch, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1,引导定语从句。
2,代替先行词。
3 ,在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注：关系代词有主语.宾语之分。
一般whom作为宾语。
4. 定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用’••…的'表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
（一）限定性定语从句一、关系代词（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）1. that既可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
［eg : this is the book （which ） you want。
］而且，如果which在从句中作不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括当先行词是anyt hing, everything, nothing , none 等不定代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, muc h等修饰时等，这时的that 常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时，都只能用that4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物，当它引导的从句修饰物体时，可以与of which调换，表达的意思一样。
语法专题一：定语从句
语法专题一：定语从句1. 定语从句的几个基本概念：1) 先行词：即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词，通常位于定从的前面。
2) 先行词在从句中担当成份：根据不同成份，用相应的关系代词或关系副词。
3) 关系代词：即先行词在定从中作主、宾、表、定。
作主语：指物，则用that, which引导，且不能省略；指人，用that, who引导，不省略。
作宾语：即及物动词宾语和介词宾语：指物，用that, which引导，可省略；指人，用that, who, whom引导，可省略。
注意：如将介词提到了定从之首，先行词指人，只能用whom; 指物只能用which。
作表语：一般指人、指物皆用that, 可省略。
作定语：指人、指物皆用whose,不省略。
4) 关系副词：即先行词在定从中作状语，指时间用when, 地点用where, 原因用why，亦可用介词+which替代。
所谓作状语：即先行词不能直接放入从句中，需要有一个介词连接，而从句中却没有这个介词。
5) 非限制性定语从句：即用逗号与主句或先行词分开，用于补充说明。
(1) which: 用于指代先行词（物），或整个主句，不能省略。
(2) who / whom: 用于指代先行词（人），不能省略。
(3) all / some of + which / whom: 用于指代先行词的部分。
(4) as为关系代词，“正如、就像”的意思, 引导定从时可置于句首、句中或句末。
注意：在非限制性定从中，不能用that。
2. 一些特殊用法：1) 一般只用that引导从句的情况：(1) 限制性定语从句中，当先行词被强调，如被any, every, each, few, little, no, some, theonly, the very等修饰时；(2) 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything等时；(3) 先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时；(4) 先行词既有人又有物时；(5) 当句中已有who时，为避免重复。
定语从句1
定语从句一、定语从句及相关概念1、定语从句（The Attributive Clause)：在句中作定语，修饰某一名词或代词(甚至整个主句)的从句。
Mary is a beautiful girl 形容词作定语Mary is a girl （who has long hair）.The girl (whom I met) is Lucy.The school (where I study) is far from my home.I still remember the day（when I came here）.句子作定语, 叫做定语从句2、先行词（Antecedent)：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词或句子.3、关系词(Relatives)引导定语从句的词，并代替先行词在从句中担任一定的成分二、定语从句中关系词及其作用，定语从句关系词分两类：1 Relative Pronouns（关系代词）:who , whom, which, that, whose, as2 Relative Adverbs（关系副词）:when, where, why关系词的作用：1、指代作用：指代先行词；2、连接作用：连接主从句；3、成分作用：在从句中充当成分The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.I’ll never forget the days which we spent together.This is the house where I lived two years ago.Do you know the reason why she was late.1 .The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang.（主语）2. The girl whom I met is Lucy.（宾语）3. A child whose parents are dead is called Tom.（定语）4. I like the book which you bought yesterday.(宾语)5. China is not the country that used to be.（表语）6. I like the person to whom you just talked.（宾语）关系代词的用法练习，把下列两个句子合成一个1．The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.2. The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.3. He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parent’s farm.4. The noodles were delicious. You cooked them.5. I don’t like the people. They smoke a lot.6The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.7The house is mine. The window of the house is broken.填入相应的关系代词1. The person _______you are waiting for has gone.2. I know a lady _______ father is a famous writer.3 Those______ collect stamps are very interested in the “First Day Covers4. The computer____ they use belongs to the school.5.The school ____ is five meters away will be rebuilt.6. I will never forget the days____ we studied together.四．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限定作用,常和先行词紧密相连2 而非限制性定语从句是对先行词起补充说明作用, 非限制性定语从句中，先行词与定语从句往往有逗号隔开,非限制性定语从句相当于并列句、状语从句, 非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导, 非限制性定语从句常常用来修饰整个句子如：I want to see this man, who can speak English.He gave up the plan, which was a very good one.I met John, who told me the news.I will take this one, which seems to be the best one.He has two sons, who work in the same company.He has two sons who work in the same company.教师评价: 批阅日期。
1 定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般
injured in the accident?
【结论5】指人时，定语从句中的关系代词只能用
who的情况：
①当先行词是anyone, those时，只用who。
②有两个定语从句皆指人时，其中一个关系代词
已用that，另一个宜用who。
【完成例句】 (16)那个门破了的教室在二楼。 The classroom whose door / the door of which / of which the door is broken is on the second floor. 【结论6】whose可以指代人或物，在定语从句 中作定语， 后跟名词。指物时，whose ＋ 名 词＝ of which ＋名词 ＝ 名词＋ of which。
known to all. (4)每家有台电视,30年前我们认为是不可能的，现 在实现了。
To own a TV set in each family, which we think was impossible 30 years ago, now has become true.
例如：Harry Potter is the most interesting novel that I have read. (that I have read是定语从句；novel 是先行词；that 是关系代词，代替先行词novel， 在从句中作have read的宾语。)
个主句，相当于and this或and that。二者的区别主 要在于：
①as引导的非限制性定语从句既可以在主句前， 也可以在主句后，有时还可以在插入句中，常带有 “正如……，正像……”的意思。而which引导的非 限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后，翻译成“这”。
定语从句
英语基础语法——定语从句■有关定语从句的概念(1)定语从句：就是在复合句里充当定语的从句，它通常紧靠在所修饰的名词或代词后面。
(2)先行词：就是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。
(3)关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
关系词有关系代词who, whom, whose, which和that等；关系副词有when, where, why等。
关系词不仅起连接作用，而且还代表先行词并在定语从句中担任某一句子成分，关系代词作主语、宾语、定语、表语等，关系副词作状语。
如：This is the book that my father bought me yesterday. 这就是我父亲昨天帮我买的那本书。
说明：句中修饰the book的that my father bought me yesterday就是定语从句；被定语从句所修饰的the book这是先行词；代表the book的关系代词that在定语从句中作bought的直接宾语。
The time when he arrives is not known. 他到达的时间还不知道。
说明：句中when he arrives是定语从句，被定语从句修饰的the time是先行词，关系副词when作时间状语。
■关系代词的一般用法先行词是人，在从句中作主语用who，作宾语用whom或who，作定语用whose；先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语都用which，作定语用of which或whose均可。
在限制性定语从句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。
关系代词作宾语时常被省略。
This is the man who helped me yesterday. 这就是昨天帮助我的那个人。
(作主语)The teacher (who/whom/that) you want to see is coming. 你要见的老师来了。
(作see的宾语，可以省略)I met a boy whose father was a astronaut. 我认识一位男孩，他的父亲是宇航员。
高三英语一轮复习语法专题---定语从句知识点梳理与题库
定语从句知识点梳理1.定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：1.引导定语从句2.代替先行词3.在定语从句中担当一个成分。
3. 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
一、关系词的用法(一)关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which（在句中作主语、宾语或定语）关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1）who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。
（whom/that在从句中作宾语）2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.3）which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.4) asAs用于先行词前有as, so, such, the same修饰的限制性定语从句.You can take as many books as you need.(二) 关系副词when, where, why（在句中作状语）1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.(2) The time when we got together finally came.2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when hegrew up.注意：介词+关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)(2) The man with that you talked is my friend. (F)3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.4. 介词后面的关系词不能省略。
定语从句1知识点总结
定语从句1知识点总结一、定语从句的定义定语从句（adjective clause）是一种修饰名词或代词的从句，用来限定这个名词或代词的含义。
定语从句通常由关系词引导，并且关系词在从句中充当某一成分的作用。
二、关系词的种类1.关系代词引导定语从句的关系代词有：who, whom, whose, which, that等。
- 用来修饰人的关系代词有：who, whom, whose- 用来修饰物的关系代词有：which, that2.关系副词引导定语从句的关系副词有：when, where, why, how等。
- when用来指代时间，where用来指代地点，why用来指代原因，how用来指代方式。
三、定语从句的位置1.定语从句可以放在先行词之后，例如：The man who is talking to my mother is a doctor.2.定语从句也可以放在先行词之前，例如：That is the man who is talking to my mother.3.定语从句还可以放在先行词之中，例如：The man who my mother is talking to is a doctor.四、定语从句的特点1.从句中所含的主谓结构要完整The book that I want to read is on the desk.2.从句中的主语和先行词相同The girl who is singing is my sister.3.从句中的关系词在从句中的作用The car which you bought is very expensive.五、在定语从句中关系词的省略在定语从句中，当关系词作为宾语或者介词宾语时，可以省略。
The book (that) I want to read is on the desk.The person (whom) I am talking about is my friend.六、定语从句的引导词用法1. who和whomWho用来指人，作主语或者宾语。
定语从句的讲解「最全」
定语从句的讲解「最全」定语从句的讲解「最全」一. 知识疏理：1. 定语从句2. 先行词3. 关系词的用法：包括关系代词与关系副词二. 专题讲解：一. 是定语从句?定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当，也可以由一个句子来充当。
定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
汤姆是一个用功的学生，他在班里总是第一名。
(修饰名词student。
) 80多个国家都在踢足球，因此足球很流行。
(修饰整个主句Football is played over 80 countries。
)三. 先行词与关系词1. 什么是先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
e.g: Don’t forget 别忘了我让你带的书。
(the book为先行词。
)2. 什么是关系词：引导定语从句的关联词为关系词，分为关系代词与关系副词。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
关系代词有：that, which, who, whom, whose……关系副词有：where, when, why, ……e.g: I will never forget the days when I stayed in New York.注意：①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。
定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
②在定语从句中，关系代词起着代词和连词的作用，关系副词起着副词和连词的作用。
③在定语从句中，关系词代替先行词，因此在定语从句中不能再重复作用相当于先行词的词。
下面的句子是错误的：This is the right book that you are looking for the book.(应去掉the book。
)This is the right book that you are looking for it.(应去掉it。
)①常见的关系代词②常见的关系副词e.g: Our chemistry teacher is a man can make his class lovely and interesting.我们的化学老师可以使他的课堂生动有趣。
高一定语从句
定语从句一．几个基本概念1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。
2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。
3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词（名词或代词）之后。
4.引导词：引导定语从句的词（包括关系代词和关系副词）。
﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/whose/as﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前（先行词之后）。
6.引导词的功能（作用）：﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。
﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分（关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语）。
7.定语从句的类型：﹙1﹚限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间无逗号）。
① 直接由引导词引导定语从句The man who you’re talking to is my friend.① 由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导The man to whom you’re talking is my friend.I need a pen with which I can write a letter.=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter.介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。
例如：The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University.=The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University.The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century.=The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century.﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开）。
英语定语从句用法总结(完整)
英语定语从句用法总结(完整)1、定语从句：定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2、关系词：引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等，绝对没有WHAT；关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用：①连接作用，引导定语从句。
②代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。
③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。
注：关系代词有主语、宾语之分。
一般whom作为宾语。
3、定语：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
4、先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
[编辑本段]关系代词引导的定语从句举例关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
1、who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，who做主语指人，whom作宾语指人，that既可作主语又可作宾语（作宾语可以省略），可以指人也可以指物。
在从句中所起作用如下：(1)Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）(2)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday、他就是我昨天见的那个人。
1. 定语从句
语法：定语从句1.定义定语从句是用于修饰主句主语、宾语或整句句子的附加句子成分。
例：I am the man who you are looking for. 我是你正在找的人。
在这句句子中，I am the man已经是一句完整的句子，意思是“我是那个人”，而who you are looking for是man的修饰成分，属于定语，且因为它是一句句子，所以称为定语从句。
加上定语从句后，使句子的意思表达更加清楚，并且更加间接清楚。
2.用法定语从句分为先行词和从句两个部分。
先行词即是定语从句修饰的词，在非限制性定语从句中先行词可以是整句句子。
通常情况下定语从句紧跟在先行词之后。
在上例中man就是先行词。
a. 在定语从句中引导从句的叫做关系代词或关系副词。
关系代词和关系副词既与先行词有关，也在从句中充当一定的成分。
如在上例中，who是关系代词，指前面的man，又在后面的从句中充当looking for的宾语。
关系代词和关系副词的区别在于在从句中充当的成分不同。
关系代词在从句中充当主语或宾语，而关系副词在从句中充当状语或定语。
例：This is the restaurant where I work. 这是我工作的餐厅。
这句句子中先行词是restaurant，where是关系副词，在从句中作为地点状语。
如果把这句句子分为两句句子的话就是：This is the restaurant. I work in this restaurant. 可见where代替了从句中的in this restaurant，并且起到了链接主句和宾语从句的作用。
在宾语从句中，也可以用介词加关系代词的方式来代替关系副词，如上例可以改为This is the restaurant in which I work. 有时句子中出现的one of which, in front of which也属于这种形式。
记忆：关系代词和关系副词及其用法b. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句可以无需先行词，可用于修饰整句句子，也可用于修饰句子中的成分。
定语从句讲解(1)
定语从句一、定语从句1．定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。
2．定语从句在选择关联词that与which时，常常容易出错，所以应记住什么时候只能用that，什么时候只能用which.（1）．只能用that的情况归纳4种：即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过；先行词为all、everything、nothing等不定代词；先行词同时是人和物并列时；最后先行词分别被the only、the very the s a me、the last修饰。
请看下列四组例句，注意其先行词：①．The first thing that we should do is to work ou t a plan.②．I t almost seemed as if the good man were trying to teach us all that he knew at this lesson.③．Later my father and Mr.Crosset talked for a bo u t half a four of things and persons that they r e me mbe r e d in school.④．This is the very dictionary that I want to find.（2）．只用which is情况有两种情况：一是非限制性定语从句，关联词要用which；二是做介词宾语时只能用which。
请看下列两组例句：I said nothing,which made him mo r e angry.I have the book abo u t which you are talking.三、在定语从句的非限制性定语中，which和as是容易混淆的。
在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换：1、通常As可以放在整句的句首，而which，只能在逗号之后，as本身含有“正如”，as在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语As appear from her paper,she has r ead widely in Romantic literature.She is remarkable,as I have told you.2、which在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词，指前句整个的意思，如：She has married again,which surprises us.四、在定语从句中，许多人往往分不清all that和what,what实际上只引导名词性从句，它相当于all that两个字，例如：All that I know is that he has made up his mind t o heave the country for a new place.=what I know is that……定语从句知识要点：一、限定性定语从句：种类先行词关联词例句说明（人）who This is the doctor who saved who在从句中做主语定语从在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主the boy’s life.whom在从句中做宾这就是救了孩子生命的医生。
定语从句(1)(that,which,who,who,whose)
注意：在“one of +复数名词+定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词， 引导词在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词用复数。但当one前有the (only)时，one是先行词，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。如：
He is one of the students who have been to Beijing. 他是去过北京的 学生之一。
1. the most important thing _____we should pay attention to is the first thing____ I have said. 2. He never reads anything _____is not worth reading. 3. The place _____interested me most was the Great Wall. 4.I’d like a car _____front lights are big and round. 5. The man _____talked to you just now is my father. 6.Can you tell me the name of the school _____the villagers built last year?
6. that/which 二、1. (that) he had stolen 2. (that) I want to buy
3. that/which interests us 4. (that/which) I will never forget. 5. that/which we will visit(are going to visit) tomorrow 6. whose homework hasn't been handed in
高中英语：定语从句语法总结
高中英语：定语从句语法总结定语从句必备知识1．定语从句在复合句中，修饰名词、代词或整个句子的从句叫作定语从句。
定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。
(定语从句作后置定语)2．先行词被定语从句所修饰的词或句子叫先行词，作先行词的可以是：(1)一个词(通常是名词，也可以是代词)This is the place which is worth visiting.这是值得参观的地方。
He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
(2)一个短语Many life's problems which were solved by asking family members, friends or colleagues are beyond the capability of the extended family to resolve.许多以前可以通过询问家庭成员、朋友或者同事就能解决的生活问题，是现在的大家庭无力解决的。
(3)一个分句The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people have realized how diverse languages could be.希腊人认为，语言结构和思维过程之间存在着某种联系。
这一观点在人们尚未认识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
(4)一个完整的句子I found an old man lying on the ground and I took him to hospital in a taxi immediately, which was why I was late that morning.我发现一个老人躺在马路上，我立即乘出租车把他送到了医院，这就是那天上午我迟到的原因。
定语从句的用法归纳总结
定语从句的用法归纳总结1定语从句定语从句是指作为句子的一部分，主要用来修饰名词或代词的从句，表示这个名词或代词所指的人或物。
它是由关系词和形容成分（名词、代词、副词及短语）构成的。
关系词也称为“连接词”、“关联词”（relative words），它有几十种，主要有：that,which,who,whom,whose,as,when,where,why等。
2定语从句的分类(1)根据关系词的用法可以分为定语从句和同位语从句两大类：定语从句：用关系词作句子成分，修饰主句中某个名词或代词，以及表示名词或代词所指的人或物。
同位语从句：用关系词引导的从句，句中某个名词或代词的意义由其后的从句来补充说明，以此来表达进一步的意思。
(2)根据句中关系词的所指数目可以分为两种：定语从句：句中关系词指代单数名词或代词同位语从句：句中关系词指代复数名词或代词3定语从句的用法(1)that引导的定语从句：that引导定语从句可以指代人或物，也可以指代抽象概念，如idea、fact等。
有时可以省略that引导的定语从句，但要注意that 引导的定语从句在口语中通常不省略。
(2)which引导的定语从句：which引导的定语从句通常只能指代物，而不能指代人，故不能用来替换who或whom，但可以替换that。
此外，在对话语言中，which 引导的定语从句可以指代人，而且一般不可以省略。
(3)whose引导的定语从句：whose引导的定语从句用以表示某人、某物或某事所属的所有者，常用来替换whoever和whatever，但不能用来替换they。
(4)when/where引导的定语从句：when/where引导的定语从句可以用来表示时间和地点，即问句中的时间和地点。
(5)as/than引导的定语从句：as/than引导的定语从句一般用来比较两个事物，故它们往往出现在类似“as…as”或“not as/so…as”这样的句型中。
1.定语从句 16开
定语从句（一）定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导1、关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as关系代词可以代替先行词是表示人或物得名词或代词，并在从句中起主语、宾语、定语等作e.g. The man _______wrote this book is a famous scentist.The house ______ was damaged in the fire will be rebuilt soon.The man you saw just now is our teacher.He found the car __________ he had lost.Is there anyone here ______ name is Li Nan?一、选择合适的关系代词，把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：1. The fan is on the desk. Y ou want it.2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.4. The students will not pass the exam . They don’t study hard.5. The woman is our geography teacher. Y ou saw her in the park.6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.二、关于whose11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.14. I want to talk to the boys. Th eir homework haven’t been handed in.15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.2、关系副词：when, where, why引导定语从句的关系代词代替相应的先行词，并且在从句中分别起时间、地点、和原因状语e.g. I shall never forget the day _______ New China was founded.He came at a time ________ we were badly in need of help.The school _______ I work is not far from here.Is this the place _______ that traffic accident occurred?The reason _______ he missed the bus was that he got up late.一、选择合适的“介词+which/whom”结构合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句。
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The women that/who are speaking at the
meeting are famous scientists. (主句)The women are famous scientists.
{主语是复数}
2)She is the girl whom I went with there. She is the girl with whom I went there. She is the girl that I went with there. She is the girl 省略 I went with there.
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❖注意
定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。
The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句)The woman is my mother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时) (从句)The woman(who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中yesterday表示过去时间)
先行词 ＝ 关系词 ＝The hotel at which we stayed wasn’t clean.
＝The hotel which we stayed at wasn’t clean
＝The hotel 关系词略we stayed at wasn’t clean .
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❖定语从句的辨认（思考步骤）
▪ 找出先行词
a.确定在从句中关系代词的人称、数。 b.确定定语从句的位置
▪ 确定关系代词在从句中的成分以确定关系代词的格（主、宾、定）
▪ 确定从句的时态 （定语从句的时态都不受主句的限制）
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❖关系代词与介词
指物: that/which (宾语,可省略)
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which 作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省
These are the trees which were planted last year.
This recorder （which） he is using is made in Japan.
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知识详解: 定语从句
概念
➢定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定 式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语 为例）
例： The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was a drunk.
关系副词:where﹑when﹑why
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➢先行词和关系词
先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 先行词、关系词/引导词
He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.
I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen . I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.
Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red. I’ll call a person. His father knows you. I’ll call a person whose father knows you.
从 句
3.why的用法： ( 表示原因的名词) The reason why I’m calling you is to invite you to a party.
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使用关系代词还是关系副词 当引导词在句中作主语或宾语时，要用关系代词； 当引导词在句中作状语时，要用关系副词。如：
• 关系副词：where(on which), when(in which), why(for which) why 只修饰reason （在句中作状语）
❖ 关系代词的使用取决于先行词，它们的关系非常密切，因为 关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词，所以它在一般 情况下都跟在先行词之后，而且它的 人称、数必须和先行 词一致。 The woman that/who is speaking at the meeting is my mother. (主句) The woman is my mother (从句) The woman is speaking at the meeting.
Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?
Is this the library from which you borrow books?
Hun上an一A页rts & Craf下ts 一Vo页cational Co目lleg录e
whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也 可以代物。
介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 和whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略)
1)This is the hero(whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .
注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:look after,look at …
Hunan Arts & Crafts Vocational College
Here are the picture-books that the children are looking for . Here are the picture-books which the children are looking for. Here are the picture-books the children are looking for.
(从句)The women are speaking at the meeting.
关系词判 断 步 骤 :
❖ 首先，要辨别出先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系词可能就用
who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系词可能用which或that ❖ 然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表
Hunan Arts & Crafts Vocational College
关系副词
关系副词也是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样，具 有 几种作用。 △在从句中代替先行词。 △在句中作状语。 △连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的复合句。 关系副词有三种： where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点. ( on/in/at…which) when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。(on/ in…which) why: 在从句中作原因状语,指代原因。 the reason why
I will remember the day when I left my hometown for ever.
This is the palace where he works. (where状语时，等于 in which)
I often think of the days that I spent in Brown’s last summer.(that作spent的宾语=the days) He kept the laughing during the two hours (that) it took to fly to Beijing. (that作took的宾语，等于two hours)
先行词 人 物
主格
who,that which,that
宾格
who(m),that which,that
所有格
whose whose,of which
❖ 最后，要确定关系代词的人称和数(请看以上例句)
Hunan Arts & Crafts Vocational College
例 1. The man __th_a_t_/w_h_o___ gave you the talk yesterday is our teacher.
Hunan Arts & Crafts Vocahere 的用法：(先行词应是地点名词） The hotel wasn’t clean. + We stayed at the hotel.
We stayed there. =The hotel where we stayed wasn’t clean.
2.when的用法： （先行词应是表示时间的名词）
I’ll never forget the day. + I joined the League on that day.
I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the League .
I’ll never forget the day when I joined the League.
Hunan Arts & Crafts Vocational College