英语必修ⅳ译林牛津版unit1wordpower教案

●Word power

We’ll learn in this section some common suffixes that can be added to nouns or verbs to create adjectives. And also some vocabulary related to sales and marketing.

Step 1: Brainstorming

1. Please think about the following questions:

How are the following words formed?

health (noun) healthy(adjective) interest (verb) interesting (adjective)

An English word can have several derivatives. And please pay attention to the fact that many English words share the same root word, even though they have different meanings or parts of speech.

Now here’s more example for you to better understand word formation.

breath (n.) breathe (v.) breathless (adj.)

act (v.) action (n.) actor (n.) actress (n.) activity (n.)

possible (adj.) impossible (adj.) possibility (n.) possibly (adv.)

friend (n.), friendly (adj.), friendless (adj.), friendship (n.), unfriendly (adj.) As you can see, many words are derived by adding suffixes or prefixes to the root words. Often you may come across unfamiliar words while reading, try to use knowledge of word formation to guess their meanings. Will you? And can you give more examples about word formation?

2. Shall we have a competition to see who can give more examples or create more words by adding suffixes or prefixes to the root words?

3. As we know, sometimes an English word can be made up of three parts: a prefix, a stem and a suffix. A stem is the main part of a word. A prefix is a group of letters added to the beginning of a word. A suffix is a group of letters placed at the end of a word. Both prefixes and suffixes modify the meaning of a word or change it into a different word group. The following is a table of common prefixes:

Step 2: Learning about Word formation

The basic part of any word is the root; to it, you can add a prefix at the beginning and/or a suffix at the end to change the meaning. For example, in the word "un flatter ing," the root is simply "flatter," while the prefix "un-" makes the word negative, and the suffix "-ing" changes it from a verb into an adjective (specifically, a participle).

English itself does not use prefixes as heavily as it once did, but many English words come from Latin, which uses prefixes and suffixes (you can use the word affix to refer

either to a prefix or a suffix) quite extensively. For example, the words "prefix," "suffix," and "affix" themselves are all formed from "fix" by the use of prefixes: •"ad" (to) + "fix" (attached) = "affix"

•"pre" (before) + "fix" = "prefix"

•"sub" (under) + "fix" = "suffix"

Note that both the "-d" of "ad" and the "-b" of "sub" change the last letter.

Here are some of the most common Latin prefixes (for the meanings of the Latin roots, look up the words in a good dictionary):

ab (away) abrupt, absent, absolve

ad (to) adverb, advertisement, afflict

in (not) incapable, indecisive, intolerable

inter (between, among) intercept, interdependent, interprovincial

intra (within) intramural, intrapersonal, intraprovincial

pre (before) prefabricate, preface prefer

post (after) postpone, postscript, postwar

sub (under) submarine, subscription, suspect

trans (across) transfer, transit, translate

Step 3: Ready used materials for Word formation