【高考复习专题句子成分+句型+从句
高考英语从句综合知识点
高考英语从句综合知识点高考英语从句是考试中的重要部分，对于学生来说也是一个相对难以掌握的知识点。
在复习过程中，学生需要综合掌握从句的各种类型及正确的用法。
在这篇文章中，我将为大家总结一些高考英语从句的综合知识点。
一、名词性从句名词性从句主要有三种形式：主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。
在考试中，我们需要根据不同的语境来正确地使用它们。
1. 主语从句：主语从句在句子中充当主语成分，常用连词有that和whether/if。
例如：Whether we will win the match is still uncertain.（我们是否能赢得比赛还不确定。
）2. 宾语从句：宾语从句在句子中充当宾语成分，常用连词有that, whether/if, 还有一些特殊的动词后接宾语从句，如hope, suggest, advise 等。
例如：They suggested that we should go hiking this weekend.（他们建议我们这个周末去远足。
）3. 表语从句：表语从句在句子中充当表语成分，常用连词有that和whether/if。
例如：The question is whether he will come to the party or not.（问题是他是否会来参加派对。
）二、定语从句定语从句用来修饰名词或代词，在句中充当定语成分。
在日常口语和写作中，定语从句的使用频率相对较高，因此熟练掌握其用法对于高考很有必要。
定语从句的关系词有：that, which, who, whom, whose等。
我们需要根据先行词在定语从句中的作用来选择合适的关系词。
1. 关系代词that和which的区别：that用于限定性定语从句中，不可以省略。
而which则用于非限定性定语从句中，用于修饰整句的内容，可以省略。
例如：The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.（我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。
高考英语句子成分与句子结构专项讲解
高考英语句子成分与句子结构专项讲解一、考点分析（考查形式：语法填空，句子翻译，及阅读中对句子的理解）二、专题详解Sentence Structure 句子成分练习①The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.②There is an old man coming here.③The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.④To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.(一) ①teacher ②man ③dictionary ④To do①I don't like the picture on the wall.A. don'tB. likeC. pictureD. wall②The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A. getB. longerC. daysD. summer③Do you usually go to school by bus?A. DoB. usuallyC. goD. bus④There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.A. will beB. meetingC. the libraryD. afternoon⑤Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. haveD. breakfast⑥Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. TomB. didn'tC. doD. his homework⑦What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is⑧We had better send for a doctor.A. WeB. hadC. sendD. doctor⑨He is interested in music.A. isB. interestedC. inD. music⑩Whom did you give my book to?A. giveB. didC. whomD. book(二) ①B ②A ③C ④A ⑤C ⑥C ⑦D ⑧C ⑨A ⑩A①The old man was feeling very tired.②Why is he worried about Jim?③The leaves have turned yellow.④Soon They all became interested in the subject.⑤She was the first to learn about it.①tired②worried ③yellow④interested ⑤the first①They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.②What is your given name?③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.⑤The man downstairs was trying to sleep.⑥I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!①with the family name②given ③third④afraid ⑤downstairs ⑥of theother shoe①My brother hasn't done his homework.②People all over the world speak English.③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.④How many new words did you learn last class?⑤Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?⑥The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.⑦They made him monitor of the class.⑧Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.⑨You will find it useful after you leave school.⑩They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.⑾She always thinks of how she can improve her spoken English.⑿Alisa is sorry for what she said.①his homework②English③good attention, your pronunciation④new words ⑤to go ⑥he wasill⑦him ⑧the bridge; the museum ⑨it⑩who "Father Christmas" really is.⑾how she can improve her spoken English ⑿what she said①She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.②He asked her to take the boy out of school.③She found it difficult to do the work.④They call me Lily sometimes.⑤I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.⑥Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?①to read②to take ③difficult④Lily ⑤get on ⑥playing①There was a big smile on her face.②Every night he heard the noise upstairs.③He began to learn English when he was eleven.④The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.⑤With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.⑥She loves the library because she loves books.⑦I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.⑧The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.①On her face②every night ③when he was eleven④too fast⑤With the medicine boxunder her arm⑥because she loves books⑦if you've lost it,⑧to see the other machine①Please tell us a story.②My father bought a new bike for me last week.③Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤Did he leave any message for me?⑥He told us once again that the situation was serious.(八) ①us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语②me, 间接宾语a new bike, 直接宾语③us, 间接宾语history, 直接宾语④Tom, 间接宾语it, 直接宾语⑤me, 间接宾语message, 直接宾语⑥us间接宾语；that the situation was serious 直接宾语1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting togetherearly in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palacesin Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managedto finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. I have no idea when he was born.14. I don’t know the time when he was born.1、主语，定语；2、间接宾语；3、谓语，状语；4、定语；5、状语，状语；6、定语，表语；7、宾语，状语；8、谓语；9、谓语；10、主语，表语；11、谓语，宾语；12、状语；13 同位语14 定语句子，按结构，分为三类:简单句、并列句和复合句。
高中英语高考复习句子成分知识讲解
高考英语句子成分知识讲解1.主语（subject）句子的主体，是句子所要说明的人或物，表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或主语从句等担任（请看下表）Professor Wang is a well－known scholar. （名词）I read newspaper every day. （代词）Three plus six is nine. （数词）To become a professor has been his ambition.（不定式）Smoking is harmful to health. （动名词）What we shall do next is not yet decided.（主语从句）2.谓语（predicate）说明主语的动作和状态通常由动词或动词短语（助动词或情态动词+主要动词）担任，其位置在主语之后（请看下表）His mother is a doctor. （系动词）He smiled. （不及物动词）We played basketball yesterday. （及物动词）China has entered a great new era. （助动词+主要动词）You mustn't drive after drinking. （情态动词+主要动词）Tips：动词分类：实义动词（及物动词+不及物动词）、连系动词、助动词、情态动词划重点正确的所有英文句子，永远一定有且只有一个主谓语成分，谓语一定永远存在。
因此，当分析长难句时，一定先要找到句子的主要谓语动词部分，再划分其他句子结构。
例：① She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on testes and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “smart”.分析：句子主干：she found that...（found是谓语动词，that引导宾语从句：从句里面的谓语是did and were likely to...并列结构）翻译：她发现因为努力被表扬的孩子比因为聪明被表扬的孩子在考试中表现得更好，更愿意承担困难的任务。
高考英语 高中英语三大从句知识点 附例句
高考英语高中英语三大从句知识点附例句1. 名词性从句：作为主语、宾语、表语或同位语，常用连接词有that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which等。
例句：- What he said is true.（他说的是真的。
）- I don't know whether he will come or not.（我不知道他会不会来。
）- She asked me if I had finished my homework.（她问我是否完成了作业。
）2. 定语从句：修饰名词或代词，常用连接词有that, who, whom, whose, which等。
例句：- The book that I borrowed from the library is very intere sting.（我从图书馆借的那本书非常有趣。
）- The girl who is standing over there is my sister.（站在那边的女孩是我的妹妹。
）- The car, which is parked outside, belongs to my neighbor.（停在外面的那辆车是我邻居的。
）3. 状语从句：表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步等，常用连接词有when, while, before, after, since, until, if, unless, because , since, as, so that, in order that, although, though等。
例句：- I will call you when I arrive at the airport.（我到机场后会给你打电话。
）- If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.（如果明天下雨，我们会呆在家里。
）- He failed the exam because he didn't study hard.（他考试不及格是因为他没有认真学习。
高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识
高考英语语法基础---句子种类分类一.句子种类（按照用途分类）1.陈述句2.祈使句3.感叹句4.疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句。
）具体知识：1.陈述句陈述句(Declarative Sentence)是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。
它包括肯定句（The Affirmative Sentence）和否定句(The Negative Sentence)两种。
陈述句在书写时句末用句号，在朗读时用降调。
陈述句的五种基本句型：(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.2. 祈使句祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。
因此，祈使句中一般没有主语，但根据其句意，实际上是省略了主语you。
祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调。
在表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。
祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。
Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地！Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.3. 感叹句感叹句的基本构成形式1）．What(＋a/an)＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！2）．How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！3）．How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！You can't imagine how crucial a role the pigeons played in the battlefields.你无法想象在过去的战场山鸽子发挥了多么重要的作用。
高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识点
高考英语语法基础---句子种类分类一.句子种类（按照用途分类）1.陈述句2.祈使句3.感叹句4.疑问句（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句，反意疑问句。
）具体知识：1.陈述句陈述句(Declarative Sentence)是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。
它包括肯定句（The Affirmative Sentence）和否定句(The Negative Sentence)两种。
陈述句在书写时句末用句号，在朗读时用降调。
陈述句的五种基本句型：(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.2. 祈使句祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。
因此，祈使句中一般没有主语，但根据其句意，实际上是省略了主语you。
祈使句句末用感叹号或句号，朗读时，常用降调。
在表达请求或劝告时，在祈使句前或句末可加上please，以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。
祈使句一般没有时态的变化，也不能与情态动词连用。
Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地！Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.3. 感叹句感叹句的基本构成形式1）．What(＋a/an)＋形容词＋名词＋主语＋谓语！2）．How＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语！3）．How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语！You can't imagine how crucial a role the pigeons played in the battlefields.你无法想象在过去的战场山鸽子发挥了多么重要的作用。
高考英语复习学案：句子成分和句子结构专题(2020版)
句子的种类和句子成分专题一、句子成分的概念句子是由各个组成部分构成的，这些组成的部分称之为句子的成分。
总体来说，一个完整的句子必须包含“主语+谓语”两个部分，这是一个句子的核心成分。
除此之外，句子成分还有宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语、独立成分等。
例：1、The little eagle grew up. 小鹰长大了。
（主语）（谓语）2、The People’s Republic of China was born in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于1949年。
（主语）（谓语）（时间状语）3、I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. 我昨天在车站遇到了我最好的朋友汤姆。
主谓宾同位语状语二、句子的种类句子可大致分为：简单句、并列句、复合句三类。
1、简单句：只含有一套主谓结构的句子称为简单句，简单句只有一个谓语。
例：1）I went to Japan last year. 我去年去了日本。
2）These boys are playing basketball. 这些孩子正在打篮球。
2、并列句：含有两个或两个以上的简单句并列而成的句子，称之为并列句，这些简单句之间一般由并列连词或分号连接，且地位平等。
例：1）His brother is a doctor and his sister is a singer. 他哥哥是一名医生，他姐姐是一名歌手。
2）I hoped to study abroad, but fate had decided other wise. 我本来希望出国留学，但天意弄人难如愿。
3）Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice. 我不想和他商量，他也不会来征求我的意见。
【常见的并列连接词】and; but; or; yet; for; so; and so; while; whereas; as well as; rather than; not only…but also; either….or; neither….nor3、复合句：也称为主从复合句，指由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。
高考英语句子的成分
高考英语句子的成分英语句子是由不同成分构成的，每个成分在句子中承担不同的语法功能。
在高考英语考试中，对于句子成分的理解和运用是非常重要的。
本文将介绍英语句子中常见的成分及其功能。
1. 主语（Subject）：主语是句子中的核心成分，通常表示句子所要陈述的对象。
主语可以是一个名词、代词、词组或从句等。
例如：- Tom is playing basketball.- My sister and I went to the park.2. 谓语（Predicate）：谓语是句子中描述主语动作或状态的关键成分，常由动词构成。
谓语可以是及物动词、不及物动词或系动词等。
例如：- She is reading a book.- They played football yesterday.3. 宾语（Object）：宾语是句子中接受动作的对象，一般位于及物动词之后。
宾语可以是名词、代词、词组或从句等。
例如：- I bought a new car.- He gave me a gift.4. 定语（Adjective）：定语是用来修饰名词或代词的成分，通常放在被修饰的词之前。
定语可以是形容词、分词、动词不定式等。
例如：- The beautiful flowers are blooming.- I met a girl wearing a red dress.5. 状语（Adverb）：状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的成分，用来说明动作或状态的具体情况。
状语可以表示时间、地点、原因、方式等。
例如：- He runs quickly.- They went to the beach last summer.6. 补语（Complement）：补语是用来补充说明主语或宾语的成分，通常位于系动词之后。
补语可以是形容词、名词、副词、介词短语等。
例如：- She is a doctor.- The cake tastes delicious.7. 定语从句（Adjective Clause）：定语从句在句子中充当定语的功能，对名词进行修饰和限定。
高考英语技巧——依据句子成分和结构突破并列句和状语从句
2．(2019·天津高考改编)Tom is so independent that he never
asks his parents' opinion
he wants their
support.
解析：unless 句意：汤姆如此独立，以至于他从来都不
征求父母的意见，除非他想得到他们的支持。根据语境
[语法精析——知规则]
并列连词 and, both ... and ..., not only ... but (also) ...等
but, yet, whereas等
用法 表示并列、 顺承或递进 关系
表示转折关 系
例句
There the air is clean and the mountains are green. 那里空气清新，千山一 碧。
2．条件状语从句 (1)引导条件状语从句的常见从属连词有if, unless, as/so long as, in case (万一), once, on condition that, provided/providing (that), supposing/suppose (that)等。 You'll be late unless you get up earlier. 除非你早点起床，否则你会迟到的。 As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed. 只要你不灰心，你就会成功。 Supposing that they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help？假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还能求助于谁呢？
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.
2022年高考英语语法复习：句子结构+七大句子成分+简单句六大类型+四种句子类型
2022年高考英语语法复习：句子结构+七大句子成分+简单句六大类型+四种句子类型句子结构句子的概念句子是最高级的语法单位，也是人们表达思想进行交际的基本语言单位。
句子有两个特征：一、句子能在交际中单独使用；二、句子能够表达相对完整的意思，并在一定的上下文或者语境中发挥一定的交际作用。
在句型结构中，对句子起支撑作用的主要是谓语动词或是系表结构，对动词的固定搭配的提炼与掌握即是对句型套路的掌握。
从英文的句子成分我们可以看出，一个句子的核心部分是主语和谓语。
相比之下，主语部分在构成方面就简单一些。
因为无论是名词、代词或是相当于名词或者代词的词组、短语、从句等来充当主语，只需整体上的更换，而谓语部分的构成则取决于动词本身的需要一-—有的动词(如不及物动词)可独立担当谓语，有的(如及物动词)带一个宾语，或带两个宾语，或带上复合宾语等。
句子分类1.句子按其结构可以分为三类：简单句、并列句、复合句(1)简单句：只包含一个主谓结构的句子。
例如：I have a beautiful dress.我有一件漂亮的礼服。
(2)并列句：由两个或两个以上的简单句连接而成。
两个简单句是平行并列的关系，由连接词连接。
例如：I can jump high,but I can't jumpfar.我能跳得高，但跳得不远。
I like dancing, and I like singing,too.我喜欢跳舞，也喜欢唱歌。
(3)复合句：包含两个或两个以上的分句，分句之间的关系是主从关系，只有一个分句处于主要地位，叫主句，其他分句都附属于主句，叫从句，从句由从属连词引导。
例如：I need buy some food,because I will have a picnic tomorrow.我要买些食物，因为明天我要去野餐。
2.根据句子的用途分类：可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句(1)陈述句：用来陈述一个事实或一种看法，结尾用句号。
高考英语_句子成分和句型课件
6.His job is to teach English. （不定式） 7.His hobby is playing football. （动名词） 8.The meeting is of great importance. （介词短语） 9.Time is up. The class is over. （副词） 10.The truth is that he has never been abroad. （表语从句）
应试策略
考点一、谓语动词
1.The exam, which was originally to be was changed held in our classroom, ____________ (change) to the library at the last minute. 2.They didn’t take many chances in their lives. They usually _________ followed (follow) orders. 3.I had to leave work to take him to the had broken hospital because he __________ (break) his finger.
（it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式）
（三）谓语
• 谓语 (Predicate) 说明主语所做的动作或 具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语， 一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下： • 1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构 成。如： He practices running every morning. The plane took off at ten o’clock.
应试策略
括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子
高中英语语法：句子成分详解(高考专用)
高中英语语法——句子成分详解(高考专用关于英语语法英语学习没有捷径,只有一步一个脚印!回顾我当初学习英语语法的历程,从初中、高中直到大学,语法一直以不同的形式见诸于各类考试的试题当中。
现在,尽管各类考试纷纷进行改革,取消或弱化对语法“显性”的考察,转而加强对语言运用能力的考察。
然而,对于语法“隐性”的考察却从来没有终止过,也不可能停止!比如,单项选择、完形填空、阅读(考察长句或复合句、写作,无一不需要坚实的语法知识作为基石。
因此,从某种程度上讲,对语法的考核实际上并未削弱。
把英语作为一门外语来学,对其语法的学习将是一项长期的任务。
一定要消除“任务”或“投机”心态。
俗话说,兴趣是最好的老师,语法学习是一个长期积累、不断提高的过程,在“任务”的心态之下,语法学习容易变成一种被迫的行为,很难持之以恒;而在“投机”的心态之下,语法学习容易变成一种短期行为,试图在短期内一蹴而就反而会遭遇“欲速则不达”的困境。
因此,在语法学习的过程中,要善于发掘或培养自身的兴趣,比如,不妨多看看适合自身水平的英语读物;听听英语歌曲,许多歌词本身就包含着某些语法规则;多写些英语句段等。
总的来说,语法的学习应遵循以下两个基本原则:第一、要记忆,但不要僵化语法到底是不是一种“规则”?本人认为,语法是规则,但又不完全是规则。
对于初学者而言,规则是要去遵守的,比如不同时态的构成形式,各类句式的构成要素等等,如果缺乏对规则的了解,面对零散的单词,是不可能建造起语言的大厦的。
这也是为什么很多人面对长难句束手无策,想要表达自己的观点却搜肠刮肚写不出来的原因之一。
从这个意义上说,语法是语言运用的规则。
第二、勤练习,能举一反三语言的掌握和运用,熟能生巧是关键。
正如“拳不离手,曲不离口”。
语法的规则和理论需要在实践中巩固、消化,乃至举一反三。
随着语法学习的深入和英语水平的不断提高,就会发现并不需要刻意去关注语法规则,这并不是说规则消失了,而是潜移默化成了一种思维模式,就像我们运用母语一样。
高三英语二轮复习语法核心考点(十大词类;句子成分;基本句型;句子类型;定语从句宾语从句状语从句)
No. 2 谓语
简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。如：This exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotland's best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. （ ）复合语：（1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。如：By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause any safety problems.
1. Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to ...”（ ）2. I’d appreciate it if you take my invitation into consideration.
高中英语高考复习句子成分详解(共五种)
高考英语句子成分英语的基本成分有八种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 、补语（complement）和同位插入。
常用的英语句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而加以扩大｡这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词.副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语.不定式短语和分词短语)｡我们称之为:定语.状语一、定语定语是对名词或代词起修饰.限定作用的词.短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示｡定语通常位于被修饰的成分前｡若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时,(如:something.nothing);或不定式.分词短语作定语.从句作定语时,则定语通常置后｡副词用作定语时须放在名词之后｡1.形容词作定语The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy;blue修饰名词pen.)小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔｡Tom is a handsome boy.Tom是个英俊的男孩｡There is a good boy.有个乖男孩｡数词作定语相当于形容词:Two boys need two pens.两个男孩需要两支钢笔｡The two boys are students.这两个男孩是学生｡There are two boys in the room.房间里有两个男孩｡代词或名词所有格作定语:His boy needs Tom\'s pen.他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔｡His name is Tom.他的名字是汤姆｡There are two boys of Toms there.那儿有Tom家的两个男孩｡介词短语作定语:The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔｡The boy in blue is Tom.穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆｡There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩｡名词作定语:The boy needs a ball pen.男孩需要一支圆珠笔｡It is a ball pen.这是一支圆珠笔｡There is only one ball pen in the pencil box.这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔｡2.副词作定语The boy there needs a pen.那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔｡The best boy here is Tom.这里最棒的男孩是Tom｡3.不定式作定语The boy to write this letter needs a pen.写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔｡The boy to write this letter is Tom.将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆｡There is nothing to do today.今天无事要做｡4.分词(短语)作定语The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔｡The pen bought by her is made in China.她买的笔是中国产的｡There are five boys left.有五个留下的男孩｡5.定语从句The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔｡The boy you will know is Tom.你将认识的男孩叫汤姆｡There are five boys who will play the game.参加游戏的男孩有五个｡二、状语状语修饰动词.形容词.副词或全句,说明方式.因果.条件.时间.地点.让步.方向.程度.目的等｡状语在句子中的位置很灵活,常见情况为:通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间.地点.目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,地点状语一般须在时间状语之前;一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词.助动词.情态动词之后,动词之前｡有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义,应注意,如:The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘(此时in the classroom为girl的定语),也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’(此时in the classroom为地点状语),最好写作‘In the classroom,the boy calls the girl.'1.副词(短语)作状语The boy needs a pen very much.男孩非常需要一支钢笔｡(程度状语)The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔｡(宾语较长则状语前置)The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔｡(程度状语)The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔｡(时间状语)2.介词短语作状语In the classroom,the boy needs a pen.在教室里,男孩需要一支钢笔｡(地点状语)Before his mother,Tom is always a boy.在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语) On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语)3.分词(短语)作状语He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔｡(表示伴随状态)Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业,男孩需要一支笔｡(原因状语)Frightened,he sits there soundlessly.(因为)受了惊吓,他无声地坐在那儿｡(原因状语)4.不定式作状语The boy needs a pen to do his homework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业｡(目的状语)To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣｡5.名词作状语Come this way!走这条路!(方向状语)状语从句:时间状语从句.地点状语从句.原因状语从句.结果状语从句.目的状语从句.比较状语从句.让步状语从句.条件状语从句三、同位语同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分,近乎于后置定语｡如: We students should study hard./ (students是we的同位语,都是指同一批‘学生’)We all are students./ (all是we的同位语,都指同样的‘我们’)四、独立成分有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分,称为句子独立成分(注意:区别于分词独立结构)｡感叹词:oh,hello,aha,ah,等｡肯定词:yes否定词:no称呼语:称呼人的用语｡插入语:一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等｡如:The story,I think,has never come to the end.我相信,这个故事还远没结束情态词:表示说话人的语气(多作为修饰全句的状语)perhaps也许,maybe大概,acturely实际上,certainly当然,等｡五、分词独立结构分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致! 否则应有自己的逻辑主语,构成分词独立结构。
高考英语语法复习之如何分析英语句子结构
The rain made him at home.
8、同位语：
把一个名词、代词、从句放在另一名词或代词 后，用以说明前者的性质或内容，这样的名词、 代词、从句就叫作同位语。
We Chinese people love peace. Mike, a young boy, changed his own fate. The fact that his brother has succeeded encourages him a lot.
4、表语：
在系动词后表示主语的身份或特征
The boy is happy. That sounds a good idea. They turn 18. 作表语的有： 名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、表语从句 形容词、介词短语、表地点或方位的副词、 形容词性质的分词
My watch is gone. The job is interesting.
• Our headteacher required us not to be late for class.
1)接名词作补足语的动词有： make,call, think,consider,believe,find,choose 2)接动词不定式作补足语的动词有： see,watch,notice,let,have,hear,make;ask,tell, order,require,want,advise,persuade, cause,encourage,permit(allow),forbid,teach. 不能用于此结构的动词有：
What he says doesn’t agree with what he does. Why he came late is that his bike broke down on the way. It occurred to me that I had much homework to do. He promised me that he would attend the lecture. What has made the city what it is now?
高考英语复习语法知识讲解讲义(5种基本句型+4种句子成分)
高考英语基本句型英语中常见的句型有以下五种：1、主语 + 谓语2、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语3、主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语4、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语5、主语 + 谓语（系动词）+ 表语一、主谓结构I write、（我写字）You smile、（你微笑）He leaves、（他离开了）She dances、（她跳舞）The river floods、（河水泛滥）The accident happened、（那场事故发生了）某人（或事物）做某事，其中某人（或事物）是动作或行为的发起者，我们称其为主语，后面的动作或行为我们称之为谓语。
二、主谓宾结构I write a letter.You leave your home.He goes to school.She beats me.The flood destroys many houses.The accident causes 2 deaths.上述句子的共同点在于除了表示某人（或事物）做某事之外，还牵涉了另一个人（或事物），这个人（或事物）作为动作或行为的承受者，我们称其为宾语。
三、主谓+双宾结构I write you a letter.His father left him a lot of money.He bought me a new phone.She told me the truth.The government gave him a new mission.在主谓宾结构之外，上述句子又增加了一个人（或事物）作为动作的承受者，也就是又一个宾语。
也可以改写为：I wrote a letter to you.His father left a lot of money to him.He bought a new phone for me.She told the truth to me.The government gave a new mission to him.可以看到，这样调整之后句子的前半部分仍然是完整的主谓宾结构。
高考英语语法知识点从句
高考英语语法知识点从句高考英语语法知识点：从句高考英语考试中，从句作为一个重要的语法知识点经常出现。
从句是由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的复合句。
在从句的结构和功能方面我们需要了解一些重要的知识点。
一、名词性从句名词性从句可以充当主语、宾语、表语和补语的功能。
根据不同的功能，名词性从句有三种形式：主语从句、宾语从句和表语/补语从句。
1. 主语从句：主语从句在句子中充当主语的角色，通常由由连接词that,whether/if引导。
例如：- That she is a talented musician is undeniable.（她是个有才华的音乐家是不可否认的。
）- Whether/if he can pass the exam is still uncertain.（他是否能通过考试还是未知数。
）主语从句常常出现在"It is/was + adj./n. + that"的句型中。
2. 宾语从句：宾语从句出现在句子中作为动词的宾语，通常由由连接词that, whether/if引导。
例如：- She asked me whether/if I had finished my homework.（她问我是否完成了作业。
）- I hope that it will stop raining soon.（我希望很快能停止下雨。
）宾语从句常常出现在及物动词后面，或者在介词to之后。
3. 表语/补语从句：表语从句和补语从句是由连接词that引导的从句。
例如：- I'm afraid that she is not coming to the party.（恐怕她不会来参加晚会。
）- He seemed very happy that he had won the race.（他似乎对自己赢得比赛感到非常开心。
）表语从句通常出现在系动词后面，而补语从句在及物动词后面。
二、定语从句定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
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【高考复习专题句子成分+句型+从句————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：第三节句子概述一、句子的特征：句子是含有主语和谓语的有一定意义的一组词。
1、句子必须具有完整的意义、一定的句型结构和一定的语调。
2、句子末尾必须有句子结束的标志：包括句号“.”（不是“。
”）问号“?”或感叹号“!”3、句子开头的第一个字母必须大写。
（专有名词在任何位置都大写）4、完整句子之间不用逗号间隔。
并列句用连词连接两个（或以上）句子，用逗号也必须加连词，或用“;”分开；复合句中名词性从句的主句和从句之间不用逗号；非限制性定语从句用逗号分开，限制性定语从句不用；状语从句中从句在主句前，一般用逗号分开，从句在后，一般不用标点符号。
二、句子成分英语中句子有七种句子成分：1、主语（subject）是句子中所要说的人或事物，是句子的主要成分，不可缺少，位于句首。
The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing. (名词作主语)He sent me an E-mail last Friday. (代词作主语)It is a rule for my mother to go shopping on Sundays. (不定式短语作主语)Reading the texts aloud is especially important for Senior Three students. (动名词短语作主语)What the teacher said is very funny. (从句作主语)2、谓语是说明主语的动作或状态，是句子的主要成分，不可缺少，在主语之后。
They said nothing, looking coldly at the teacher in charge of the class. (及物动词作谓语)Classes begin at seven today, we must get up quickly. (不及物动词作谓语)We don’t have classes at weekends after reducing learning load. (助动词+ 动词作谓语)I was really anxious. You shouldn’t have left without a word. (情态动词+ 动词作谓语)The leaves have turnedyellow in autumn. (联系动词+ 表语作谓语)3、表语用在联系动词的后面，表示主语的身份、性质和特征，位于联系动词之后。
Walt Disney was a famous cartoon-maker. （名词作表语）The days in summer are getting hotter and hotter these years. (形容词作表语)The puter in the room is hers. (代词作表语)My greatest wish is toenter Qinghua University. (不定式短语作表语)Her job is looking after the babies. （动名词短语作表语）The audience was moved by the moving play. (分词作表语)This is what I want to say. (从句作表语)4、宾语是及物动词涉及的对象，介词后面的对象也是宾语，称为介词宾语。
宾语在及物动词或介词后面。
John doesn’t like football but he likes music very much. （名词作宾语）We’ve worked out a plan. But I’m uncertain whether it will do in practice. （名词作介词的宾语）Tom is a kind man. He is always ready to help others. （代词作宾语）Stop reading and read after me, please. (动名词作宾语)I succeeded in persuading the teacher to give me a day off. (动名词短语作介词的宾语)真的不掉线吗？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room. (不定式短语作宾语)The doctor did what he could to save the dying patient. (从句作宾语)5、定语修饰或限制名词或代词。
单词作定语，一般放在被修饰的词语之前；短语或从句作定语，一般放在修饰语之后。
Grammar is not a set of dead rules. （形容词作定语）It is a coffee cup. （名词作定语）Our teacher’s hair has turned grey. （名词所有格作定语）My students corrected each other’s mistakes in their classroom. (代词作定语)Be quiet, boys and girls! I have something important to tell you. （不定式短语作定语）There is a sleeping chair before the window. （动名词作定语）I saw a sleeping baby in the room. There is a broken glass beside the bed. (分词作定语)The workers working in the department will go on holiday. (分词短语作定语)There are fifty-six students in our class. (数词作定语)The womanwith a book in his hand is our English teacher. （with 的复合结构作定语）The man to whom you spoke is my neighbour. （从句作定语）6、状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。
状语的位置比较灵活，修饰形容词或副词的状语一般放在被修饰的词之前（enough除外），修饰动词一般置于实意动词之前、联系动词之后、复合谓语中第一个动词之后，若有宾语，一般放在宾语之后。
Our monitor studies hard. （副词作状语）They started early (in order) to get to the station on time. （不定式短语作目的状语）To be a teacher of the people, one must first be their pupil. （目的状语放在句首更好）The old man lived to see the rapid development of our country. (不定式短语作结果状语)I don’t know what to do next. (不定式的复合结构作状语)Seen from the top of thehill, the city looks more beautiful. （过去分词短语作状语）Looking out of the window, I saw many birds flying in the sky. (现在分词短语作状语)Mr Brown slept with the windows open. (with的复合结构作状语)We’ll go outing if it is fine tomorrow. （从句作状语）7、宾语补足语补充说明宾语，使句子意思更加完整。
当句子变成被动语态时则称为主语补足语。
宾语补足语一般置于宾语之后。
Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work. （名词作宾补）What he said made his father happy. （形容词作宾补）I asked Jim to attend my birthday party. （不定式短语作宾补）He made me do the work all by myself. (省略to的不定式短语作宾补)Don’t have the horse running all the way. (现在分词作宾补)I’ll go and get the chair repaired. (过去分词作宾补)第二章简单句的六种基本句型真的不掉线吗？？、？？？？？？？？？？？？第一节主语（S）+ 谓语(V)一、主谓结构：由S + Vi .构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。
如，The sun rises.主语可有修饰语---定语，如，The red sun rises.谓语可有修饰语---状语，如，The red sun rises in the east.二、用S + Vi. 结构连词成句。
1．the Gulf War, in, break out, August, 1992.2．well, the book, sell.3．the foreign guest, tomorrow, leave.4．get up, Li Liang, every, day, at, six, this year.5．I, can, swim, well, at the age of seven.三、用S + Vi. 结构扩写句子（至少写出三个句子）。
Model: He works.He works in the shop where I used to work every day.1.Peter arrived.__________________________________________________________ __2.He dances.___________________________ _______________________________ __3.An old lady was walking.___________________________ _______________________________ __4.The boy will work hard.___________________________ _______________________________ __5.She cried.___________________________ _______________________________ __四、用S + Vi.结构翻译下列句子。