模联专业词汇复习过程

A

弃权 Abstain

在一个关于实体性问题的投票中，代表除了可以选择“是”或者“否”，还可以选择“弃权”。这意味着此代表既不支持也不反对正在进行投票表决的决议。

During a vote on a substantive matter, a delegate may abstain rather than vote yes or no. This means that the delegate neither supports nor opposes the resolution on the go.

议程 Agenda

点名完毕后，委员会所设定的议题讨论顺序。

Agenda is the order of topics to be discussed in a conference, usually being set after the roll call.

修正案 Amendment

修正案是用来对正在讨论的决议草案提出修改意见的文件。修正案分为两种：友好修正案与非友好修正案。

Amendment is a form of document to amend a draft resolution. The two types of amendments are friendly amendment and unfriendly amendment.

B

背景指导 Background Guide

背景指导是一份关于会议即将讨论议题的调研报告，一般由会议主席团撰写，并在会前分发给各国代表。

A background guide is a research report of topics on the conference written by the dais and distributed to the delegates before the conference.

约束力 Binding

约束力是指联合国决议对成员国具有法律效力。安理会决议和联合国国际法庭的判决是具有约束力的；而联合国大会和经社委员会的决议不具有约束力。

Binding is the legal force to impose UN resolutions on the Member States. Resolutions of Security Council and the Internaitonal Court of Justice are binding. Decisions made by the General Assembly and Economic and Social Council are non-binding.

国家集团 Bloc

一组处于同一地理区域或者就某一议题有类似观点的国家。组成国家集团的决定性因素是具有共同的国家利益。

A bloc is a group of countries within a same geographical region or holding similar country positions on a particular topic. The determining factor in forming a bloc is sharing the common national interests.

集团领导者 Bloc Leader

在一个国家集团中充当着领导者的代表。

A bloc leader is the delegate who plays the leading role in a bloc.

C

磋商 Caucus

磋商是正式辩论过程中一种深入讨论议题的方式。磋商分为两种类型：有主持核心磋商和

自由磋商。

Caucus is a form of discussion in formal debate, in which delegates may discuss a subtopic more specifically. There are two types of caucus: moderated caucus and un-moderated caucus.

主席 Chair

主席是负责主持辩论、计时、裁决问题及动议，并执行会议流程的主席团成员。

Chair is a member of the dais who is responsible for moderating debate, timing, ruling on points and motions, and imposing the rules of procedure.

委员会 Committee

“委员会”是一个协商会议，一个由代表组成,按议事程序讨论议题并做出决策的有序组织。模拟联合国会议中的委员会大多模仿联合国主要机构、附属机构、规划署、基金会、调研及培训机构、特殊组织、实体和区域委员会建立。代表需依据所在委员会的职权范围和议事规则讨论相关议题。

A committee is a deliberative assembly, an organization comprising members who use parliamentary procedure for making decisions. In Model UN conference, committees are usually the simulations of principal organs, subsidiary bodies, programs, funds, research and training institutes, special organizations, entities or regional commissions of UN system. Delegates discuss relevant topics and resolutions according to the given functions, powers, and rules of procedure of the committees. 危机 Crisis

危机是会议进行当中，各国代表需要立即处理的突发性事件。模联会议中的危机一般由主席团在会前设置好，事件可能与代表们讨论的议题相关。事件的形式有若干种，可能是突发事件的新闻报道，可能是国际组织的文件，可能是相关人员的视频资料，也可能是外交官派出国政府发来的外交指令等。

“Crisis”, to which delegates must respond immediately, is an emergent matter or unexpected event that happens during a conference. Usually designed by the dais before the conference, a crisis may be related to the topic being discussed on the floor. The forms of crisis include news report, official document from international organizations, video profile, or directive from embassies or governments.

D

主席团 Dais

主席团由主席、会议总监和主席助理组成，负责组织模拟联合国的会议。

Usually consisted of a Chair, a Director and a Rapporteur, a dais is a group of people in charge of a Model UN conference.

代表 Delegate

代表是模拟联合国会议中受委托或指派表达意见的人，可以代表一个联合国成员国，一个观察国，或一个国际组织。

Representing an UN Member State, an observer or an international organization, delegate is a person chosen or elected to express views in a Model UN conference. 代表团 Delegation

代表团是指模联会议中，在不同委员会代表同一个成员国或观察国的全体代表。代表团也指来自同一参与团体的所有代表，例如来自同一高中或大学的全体代表。

Delegation is a group of delegates representing the same UN Member State, an