非谓语动词和定语从句总结~388CF

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【定语从句】

♦Who, whom指代人，who做主语、whom做宾语; which指物，做主语或者宾语。That调节两者，既可指物，又可指人，既可做主语，又可做宾语，但只用于限制性定语从句。如果调节两者，如下只用that：

1.who/which开头的疑问句；

2.先行词有人，又有物时；

3.先行词为all, few, little, none, some, any, every, each, no, anything, everything, nothing (something除外);

4.the

only / the very / the first/ the last + 先行词时；

4.“序数词/形容词最高级+先行词”时：He is the first customer that came to our supermarket today. He is one of the

most excellent students that got the best results in the contest.

5. 当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时.

6. 当先行词是reason, way（方法）等词时，关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如：

She admired the way （that）they solved the questions.

♦介词后只能用whom表示人，用which表示物。

♦翻译和写作时，“…的某人或某物”中，“的”的前面如果发现比较长，或者有实义动词时，可以考虑用定语从句表达。如：他是每次我在困难的时候会想起的人。他是一个优秀的人。

♦非限制中只能用whom做宾语，不可以用who替代。（限制性定语从句中，有时候用who替代whom做宾语）.

♦限制句中，whom, who ,that, which做宾语时（包括做介宾）都可以省略，但是于介词后(做介词的宾语)不能省略：This is the person(whom)I am looking for. This is the person with whom I talked in the street yesterday.

♦非限制中，不管从句宾语whom, which 是否前面有介词，都是不可以省略的。

♦主句中的主语，宾语，介宾等都可以是先行词.先行词不一定就接在定语从句的前面：The teacher gave us an exciting speech who teaches in the Beijing University.

♦The way ( in which / that ) + 定语从句:This is the way （in which/ that ）I solved the problem.

♦“whose + 名词”和“the 名词of which”在名词是物时，可以互换。但是都应该紧跟在被修饰的词后面，中间可以有逗号隔开，可用于限制性、非限制性中。“介词+ whose 名词”的灵活运用如：They thanked T om, without whose support they could not have succeeded.| I want to buy the house whose window faces north. = I want to buy the house the window of which faces north.

♦各种介词+which (物)/ whom(人) （without, in, on , at, by, with, over, under, above, below, beyond , against, besides, except, among, along, because of , from, to, before, after, since, for, towards…）

♦形容词最高级/基数词/分数/百分比/代词如some, most/both/ most/the majority/the minority +of which (物)/ whom （人）:I like talking with my students some of whom are from abroad.

♦As, which在非限制中都可以指代整个句子，但：as可以于句首句尾，但是which只能于主句后| as/ which（主语）+系动词，which(主语)+行为动词(如果接行为动词，只能用which;如果是连系动词，则两者都可以用) | as有“正如，正像”之意，which没有。| Jack is the richest man in the town, which / As is well known. As we all know, light runs fast than sound.

♦…the reason why…

♦when, where 和“on/in/at which”之间可以互换

♦as指物和人，做从句主、宾。限制中，such /the same + 名词as…, so + adj.+ a 可数单数名词as…；非限制中，可代表整个主句，于主句前或后。

♦one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句（动词用复数），the (only) one of + 复数名词+ 定语从句（单数谓语）

♦介词+which+名词：He usually gets home at 11p.m,, at which hour his father locks all the doors and windows.

His wife got seriously ill, in which case he had to give up the chance of going abroad.

就以上知识点，运用定语从句造句（只能用一句话）：

【不定式】