英语四级考试阅读练习试题及答案
四级考试英语阅读训练题带答案
四级考试英语阅读训练题带答案四级考试英语阅读训练题(一)Humanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide. Yet occurrences of shortages and droughts (干旱) are causing famine and distress in some areas, and industrial and agricultural by-products are polluting water supplies. Since the world’ population is e某pected to double in the ne某t 50 years, many e某perts think we are on the edge of a widespread water crisis.But that doesn’t have to be the outcome. Water shortages do not have to trouble the world—if we start valuing water more than we have in the past. Just as we began to appreciate petroleum more after the 1970s oil crises, today we must start looking at water from a fresh economic perspective. We can no longer afford to consider water a virtually freeresource of which we can use as much as we like in any way we want.Instead, for all uses e某cept the domestic demand of the poor, governments should price water to reflect its actual value. This means charging a fee for the water itself as well as for the supply costs.Governments should also protect this resource by providing waterin more economically and environmentally sound ways. For e某ample, often the cheapest way to provide irrigation (灌溉) water in the dry tropics is through small-scale projects, such as gathering rainfallin depressions (凹地) and pumping it to nearby cropland.No matter what steps governments take to provide water more efficiently, they must change their institutional and legal approaches to water sue. Rather than spread control among hundreds oreven thousands of local, regional, and national agencies that watch various aspects of water use, countries should set up central authorities to coordinate water policy.21. What is the real cause of the potential water crisis?A) The world population is increasing faster and faster.B) Half of the world’s water resources have been seriously polluted.C) Humanity has not placed sufficient value on water resources.D) Only half of the world’s water can be used.22. As indicated in the passage, the water problem ________.A) has been e某aggerated by some e某perts in the fieldB) is underestimated by government organizations at different levelsC) poses a challenge to the technology of building reservoirsD) is already serious in certain parts of the world23. According to the author, the water price should ________.A) correspond to its real valueB) be reduced to the minimumC) stimulate domestic demandD) take into account the occurrences of droughts24. The author says that in some hot and dry areas it is advisable to ________.A) build big lakes to store waterB) construct big pumping stationsC) channel water from nearby rivers to croplandD) build small and cheap irrigation systems25. In order to raise the efficiency of the water supply, measures should be taken to ________.A) centralize the management of water resourcesB) increase the sense of responsibility of agencies at all levelsC) guarantee full protection of the environmentD) encourage local and regional control of water resources四级考试英语阅读训练题答案21. D 22. A 23. C 24.C 25. B四级考试英语阅读训练题(二)We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. When it was introduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular” coffee, and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage). At one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity, and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth). After a while, people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity).Sales went into a slight decline (衰退) when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline).The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to e某tend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called market modification.It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. Did you know, for e某ample, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military? Market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market, such as senior citizens. A marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.Another product e某tension strategy is called productmodification. It involves changing product quality, features, orstyle to attract new users or more usage from present users. American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture world markets. Note, also, how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.26. According to the passage, when people grow fond of one particular brand of a product, its sales will ________.A) decrease graduallyB) remain at the same levelC) become unstableD) improve enormously27. The first paragraph tells us that a new product is ________.A) not easily accepted by the publicB) often inferior to old ones at firstC) often more e某pensive than old onesD) usually introduced to satisfy different tastes28. Marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so as to ________.A) promote its productionB) work out marketing policiesC) speed up its life cycleD) increase its popularity29. The author mentions the e某ample of “backpacks” (Line 4, Para. 2) to show the importance of ________.A) pleasing the young as well as the oldB) increasing usage among studentsC) e某ploring new market sectionsD) serving both military and civil needs30. In order to recover their share of the world market, U.S. auto makers are ________.A) improving product qualityB) increasing product featuresC) modernizing product styleD) re-positioning their product in the market 四级考试英语阅读训练题答案26. D 27. D 28. A 29.B 30. A看完这篇文章的人还看了：1.英语四级考试阅读理解练习附答案2.四级考试英语阅读理解试题带答案3.四级英语阅读理解精选题带答案4.大学英语四级阅读理解练习题带答案5.大学英语四级考试阅读练习及答案。
英语四级阅读基础练习题及答案
最新英语四级阅读基础练习题及答案最新英语四级阅读基础练习题及答案「篇一」1.[D] 根据文章第1段，老虎被捕杀是其数量剧减的根本原因，因此使老虎免于被杀是野生动物保护基金会的最终目的，故选D。
2.[B] 第3段第2句说，但研究表明老虎捕捉猎物的成功率仅为1/20，B与之相符。
第2段说到老虎一般会避免领土之争，C与之不符，故排除;A、D在原文中并未提及均可排除。
3.[A] 第2段第2句提到，研究表明，一头雄老虎依年龄、体型及力量可以控制10至20公里的'狩猎领地，随着老虎的长大，其体型及力量都在增大，其占领的狩猎领地的面积自然也就增大，故A正确。
4.[C] 文章第4段首句说,许多人近来开始担心老虎项目过于成功，C项是该句的同义替换，故为答案。
5.[B] 纵观全文，作者对于老虎保护项目没有加入个人的主观色彩，他持的是一种客观的态度，故选B。
最新英语四级阅读基础练习题及答案「篇二」46.The nucleus of any public library is the card catalog.任何公共图书馆的核心都是卡片目录。
【解析】 F)。
细节题。
根据句中的关键词The nucleus ofany public library可将本句定位在F)段的前四句。
怎样找到这些，或其他你想找的书呢?很简单——用卡片目录。
每次去图书馆的时候——我每周至少去一次——在做任何事之前，我每次都会径直走向卡片目录。
它是所有公共图书馆的核心。
47.Yesterday’s best sellers are still good for readin9，which shouldn’t be o verlooked.过去的畅销书仍然值得一读，不容错过。
【解析】 E)。
细节题。
根据句中关键词yesterday’s best sellers可定位在E)段的前三句。
有些人读书只限于当前受到热评的畅销书。
哦，他们错过了多少好东西呀!图书馆满是从前的畅销书;而且它们在今天仍深深吸引着读者。
大学英语四级仔细阅读专项练习20篇(附答案)
大学英语四级仔细阅读专项练习20篇（附答案）练习一（2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题）Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.It is pretty much a one-way street. While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. Pay has always been the biggest deterrent, as people with families often feel they cannot afford the drop in salary when moving to a university job. For some industrial scientists, however, the attractions of academia (学术界) outweigh any financial considerations.Helen Lee took a 70% cut in salary when she moved from a senior post in Abbott Laboratories to a medical department at the University of Cambridge. Her main reason for returning to academia mid-career was to take advantage of the greater freedom to choose research questions. Some areas of inquiry have few prospects of a commercial return, and Lee's is one of them.The impact of a salary cut is probably less severe for a scientist in the early stages of a career. Guy Grant, now a research associate at the Unilever Centre for Molecular Informatics at the University of Cambridge, spent two years working for a pharmaceutical (制药的) company before returning to university as a post-doctoral researcher. He took a 30% salary cut but felt it worthwhile for the greater intellectual opportunities.Higher up the ladder, where a pay cut is usually more significant, the demand for scientists with a wealth of experience in industry is forcing universities to make the transition (转换) to academia more attractive, according to Lee. Industrial scientists tend to receive training that academics do not, such as how to build a multidisciplinary team, manage budgets and negotiate contracts. They are also well placed to bring something extra to the teaching side of an academic role that will help students get a job when they graduate, says Lee, perhaps experience in manufacturing practice or product development. “Only a small number of undergraduates willcontinue in an academic career. So someone leaving university who already has the skills needed to work in an industrial lab has far more potential in the job market than someone who has spent all their time on a narrow research project.”57. By “a one-way street” (Line 1, Para. 1), the author means ________.[A] university researchers know little about the commercial world[B] there is little exchange between industry and academia[C] few industrial scientists would quit to work in a university[D] few university professors are willing to do industrial research58. The word “deterrent” (Line 2, Para. 1) most probably refers to something that ________.[A] keeps someone from taking action [C] attracts people's attention[B] helps to move the traffic [D] brings someone a financial burden59. What was Helen Lee's major consideration when she changed her job in the middle of her career?[A] Flexible work hours. [C] Her preference for the lifestyle on campus.[B] Her research interests. [D] Prospects of academic accomplishments.60. Guy Grant chose to work as a researcher at Cambridge in order to ________.[A] do financially more rewarding work[B] raise his status in the academic world[C] enrich his experience in medical research[D] exploit better intellectual opportunities61. What contribution can industrial scientists make when they come to teach in a university?[A] Increase its graduates' competitiveness in the job market.[B] Develop its students' potential in research.[C] Help it to obtain financial support from industry.[D] Gear its research towards practical applications.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbours, even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr, who wrote that widows and widowers (鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a man's life and two to a woman's. The effect holds for all causes of death, whether illness, accident or self-harm.Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesn't smoke. There's a flip side, however, as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouse's death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30-year study of more than 10,000 people, Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.So how does it work? The effects are complex, affected by socio-economic factors, health-service provision, emotional support and other more physiological (生理的) mechanisms. For example, social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system, leading to better health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive relationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.A life partner, children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says: “People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.”62. William Farr's study and other studies show that _________.[A] social life provides an effective cure for illness[B] being sociable helps improve one's quality of life[C] women benefit more than men from marriage[D] marriage contributes a great deal to longevity63. Linda Waite's studies support the idea that _________.[A] older men should quit smoking to stay healthy[B] marriage can help make up for ill health[C] the married are happier than the unmarried[D] unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life64. It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 4, Para. 2) refers to _________.[A] the disadvantages of being married[B] the emotional problems arising from marriage[C] the responsibility of taking care of one's family[D] the consequence of a broken marriage65. What does the author say about social networks?[A] They have effects similar to those of a marriage.[B] They help develop people's community spirit.[C] They provide timely support for those in need.[D] They help relieve people of their life's burdens.66. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?[A] It's important that we develop a social network when young.[B] To stay healthy, one should have a proper social network.[C] Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.[D] We should share our social networks with each other.练习二（2010年6月英语四级考试真题）Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.You never see him, but they're with you every time you fly. They record where you are going, how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. They're known as the black box.When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India Ocean, June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the device's homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane – the area least subject to impact – from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots' conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircraft's final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000℉. When submerged, they're also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft. Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1,2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say they're still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one plane's black boxes were never recovered.57. What does the author say about the black box?A) It ensures the normal functioning of an airplane.B) The idea for its design comes from a comic book.C) Its ability to ward off disasters is incredible.D) It is an indispensable device on an airplane.58. What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?A) Data for analyzing the cause of the crash.B) The total number of passengers on board.C) The scene of the crash and extent of the damage.D) Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.59. Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?A) New materials became available by that time.B) Too much space was needed for its installation.C) The early models often got damaged in the crash.D) The early models didn't provide the needed data.60. Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?A) To distinguish them from the colour of the plane.B) To caution people to handle them with care.C) To make them easily identifiable.D) To conform to international standards.61. What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?A) There is still a good chance of their being recovered.B) There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed.C) They have stopped sending homing signals.D) They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like “I never do anything right” into positive ones like “I can succeed.” Butwas positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking?Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your dim friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written.In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, “I am lovable.”Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-affirmation. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.62. What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?A) It is a highly profitable industry.B) It is based on the concept of positive thinking.C) It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.D) It has yielded positive results.63. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?A) Encouraging positive thinking many do more harm than good.B) There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.C) Unhappy people cannot think positively.D) The power of positive thinking is limited.64. What does the author mean by “… you're just underlining his faults” (Line 4, Para.3)?A) You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.B) You are pointing out the errors he has committed.C) You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.D) You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.65. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?A) It is important for people to continually boost their self-esteem.B) Self-affirmation can bring a positive change to one's mood.C) Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.D) People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feelings.66. What do we learn from the last paragraph?A) The effects of positive thinking vary from person to person.B) Meditation may prove to be a good form of psychotherapy.C) Different people tend to have different ways of thinking.D) People can avoid making mistakes through meditation.练习三（2013年6月大学英语四级考试真题）Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Junk food is everywhere. We're eating too much of it. Most of us know what we're doing and yet we do it anyway.So here's a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is soldand how it's displayed?“Many policy measures to control obesity（肥胖症）assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods,” note the two researchers.“In contrast,” the researchers continue, “many regulations that don't assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to control alcohol, a substance — like food — of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems.”The research references studies of people's behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk foods. Among them:Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren't handed out unplanned to all comers but are allotted（分配）based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit sale of food in places that aren't primarily food stores?Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can't buy alcohol at drive-through facilities. At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they're easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk foods, and placing warning labels on the products.57. What does the author say about junk food?A) People should be educated not to eat too much.B) It is widely consumed despite its ill reputation.C) Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.D) It causes more harm than is generally realized.58. What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?A) They should be implemented effectively.B) They provide misleading information.C) They are based on wrong assumptions.D) They help people make rational choices.59. Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?A) Few people are able to resist alcohol's temptations.B) There are already too many stores selling alcohol.C) Drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.D) Easy access leads to customers' over-consumption.60. What is the purpose of California's rule about alcohol display in gas stations?A) To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.B) To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.C) To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.D) To get alcohol out of drivers' immediate sight.61. What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?A) Guiding people to make rational choices about food.B) Enhancing people's awareness of their own health.C) Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.D) Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Kodak's decision to file for bankruptcy（破产）protection is a sad, though not unexpected, turning point for a leading American corporation that pioneered consumer photography and dominated the film market for decades, but ultimatelyfailed to adapt to the digital revolution.Although many attribute Kodak's downfall to “complacency(自满)”, that explanation doesn't acknowledge the lengths to which the company went to reinvent itself. Decades ago, Kodak anticipated that digital photography would overtake film — and in fact, Kodak invented the first digital camera in 1975 — but in a fateful decision, the company chose to shelf its new discovery to focus on its traditional film business.It wasn't that Kodak was blind to the future, said Rebecca Henderson, a professor at Harvard Business School, but rather that it failed to execute on a strategy to confront it. By the time the company realized its mistake, it was too late.Kodak is an example of a firm that was very much aware that they had to adapt, and spent a lot of money trying to do so, but ultimately failed. Large companies have a difficult time switching into new markets because there is a temptation to put existing assets into the new businesses.Although Kodak anticipated the inevitable rise of digital photography, its corporate（企业的）culture was too rooted in the successes of the past for it to make the clean break necessary to fully embrace the future. They were a company stuck in time. Their history was so important to them. Now their history has become a liability.Kodak's downfall over the last several decades was dramatic. In 1976, the company commanded 90% of the market for photographic film and 85% of the market for cameras. But the 1980s brought new competition from Japanese film company Fuji Photo, which undermined Kodak by offering lower prices for film and photo supplies. Kodak's decision not to pursue the role of official film for the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics was a major miscalculation. The bid went instead to Fuji, which exploited its sponsorship to win a permanent foothold in the marketplace.62. What do we learn about Kodak?A) It went bankrupt all of a sudden.B) It is approaching its downfall.C) It initiated the digital revolution in the film industry.D) It is playing a dominant role in the film market.63. Why does the author mention Kodak's invention of the first digital camera?A) To show its early attempt to reinvent itself.B) To show its effort to overcome complacency.C) To show its quick adaptation to the digital revolution.D) To show its will to compete with Japan's Fuji photo.64. Why do large companies have difficulty switching to new markets?A) They find it costly to give up their existing assets.B) They tend to be slow in confronting new challenges.C) They are unwilling to invest in new technology.D) They are deeply stuck in their glorious past.65. What does the author say Kodak's history has become?A) A burden.B) A mirror.C) A joke.D) A challenge.66. What was Kodak's fatal mistake?A) Its blind faith in traditional photography.B) Its failure to see Fuji photo's emergence.C) Its refusal to sponsor the 1984 Olympics.D) Its overconfidence in its corporate culture.练习四（2014年6月英语四级考试真题）Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60are based on the following passage.The question of whether our government should promote science and technology or the liberal arts in higher education isn't an either/or proposition(命题)，although the current emphasis on preparing young Americans for STEM (science, technology, engineering, maths)----related fields can make it seem that way.The latest congressional report acknowledges the critical importance of technicaltraining, but also asserts that the study of the humanities (人文学科)and social sciences must remain central components of America's educational system at all levels. Both are critical to producing citizens who can participate effectively in our democratic society, become innovative (创新的) leaders, and benefit from the spiritual enrichment that the reflection on the great ideas of mankind over time provides.Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates' job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs. Under these circumstances, it's natural to look for what may appear to be the most “practical” way out of the problem “Major in a subject designed to get you a job” seems the obvious answer to some, though this ignores the fact that many disciplines in the humanities characterized as “soft” often, in fact, lead to employment and success in the long run. Indeed, according to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily.Moreover, students should be prepared not just for their first job, but for their 4th and 5th jobs, as there's little reason to doubt that people entering the workforce today will be called upon to play many different roles over the course of their careers. The ones who will do the best in this new environment will be those whose educations have prepared them to be flexible. The ability to draw upon every available tool and insight----picked up from science, arts, and technology—to solve the problems of the future, and take advantage of the opportunities that present themselves, will be helpful to them and the United States.56. What does the latest congressional report suggest?A) STEM-related subjects help students find jobs in the information society.B) The humanities and STEM subjects should be given equal importance.C) The liberal arts in higher education help enrich students' spiritual life.D) Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society.57. What is the main concern of students when they choose a major?A) Their interest in relevant subjects.B) The academic value of the courses.C) The quality of education to receive.D) Their chances of getting a good job.58. What does the author say about the so called soft subjects?A) They benefit students in their future life.B) They broaden students' range of interests.C) They improve students' communication skills.D) They are essential to students' healthy growth.59. What kind of job applicants do employers look for?A) Those who have a strong sense of responsibility.B) Those who are good at solving practical problems.C) Those who are likely to become innovative leaders.D) Those who have received a well-rounded education.60. What advice does the author give to college students?A) Seize opportunities to tap their potential.B) Try to take a variety of practical courses.C) Prepare themselves for different job options.D) Adopt a flexible approach to solving problems.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Energy independence. It has a nice ring to it. Doesn't it? If you think so, you're not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.“Energy independence” and its rhetorical (修辞的) companion “energy security” are, however, slippery concepts that are rarely though through. What is it we want independence from, exactly?Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil. But there are reasons that we buy all that old from elsewhere.The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running. Yes, there is a trickle（涓涓细流）of biofuel（生物燃料）available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.Second, Americans have basically decided that they don't really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don't read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices, At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.61. What does the author say about energy independence for America?A) It sounds very attractive.B) It ensures national security.C) It will bring oil prices downD) It has long been everyone's dream.62. What does the author think of biofuels?A) They keep America's economy running healthily.B) They prove to be a good alternative to petroleum.。
英语四级阅读理解精选练习及答案
英语四级阅读理解精选练习及答案英语四级阅读理解练习一：Personality is , to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is improtant to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences:remember that Pheidippides ,the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying:"Rejoice, we conquer!".By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations . It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well.The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into Bs. The would needs types, and schools have an important dutyto try to fit a childs personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.1. According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?A. inheritanceb. inheritance, competition and environmentc. competitiond. environment2.Which of the following statements is not true according to the author of the passage?A. Schools usually adopt severe competitive policies.B. Students are often divided by competition results.C. School is place where children cultivate their characteristics.D. The stronger desire for winning, the better.3.The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to ____.A. pull up b. take up c. take in d. pull in4.What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?A. positive b. negative c. doubtful d. neutral5.what suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?A. All students be made into competitive A types.B. A childs personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.C. All students be changed into B characteristics.D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.答案：bdccb英语四级阅读理解练习二：Nearly everybody buys a used car sooner or later, as a primary vehicle (首要的交通工具) or as a second car. Indeed(当然), three out of four sales today are used cars, and theyre not cheap junkers (废物)either—the average price now is $ 5500, about half what a new car costs. Make the wrong selection and a major investment (投资)can be lost the moment you drive off the lot.There is far less chance of this happening to you if you know: when to buy, where to buy, how to examine (仔细检查) the car, how to conduct (进行) your own road test, and how to bargain over (讲价)the price.When to buyShop during the day. Lighting makes cars gleam (V 闪光)like jewels (宝石)at night. In daylight they look dull (黯淡的), but realistic.Dont shop in the rain. It can mask(掩盖) liquids (液体) that might be leaking (泄漏). If possible, shop in the winter when supplies are high and demand (需求)is low.Where to buyShop the suburbs. In more affluent (富有的)neighborhoods cars are more likely to have been well cared for.A private owner normally sells a car for less than a dealer(商人) does, but almost always "as is," with no guarantee(质量保证). Thats an acceptable risk if what youre looking for is a cheap second car to "drive to the station. "Even though a used-car dealer generally charges more, you can often get some type of limited guarantee. This is often a 50-50 plan, in which you each pay half on repairs for a period (一段时间)that may range from 30 days to a year. Ask the dealer about the availability of an optional(可选择的) service policy.Used-car dealers often claim (声称)to have gone over (仔细查看)the car, and many have. But remember that small dealers often buy cars that are auctioned (拍卖 ) because nobody else wants them.Some experts feel that a new-car dealer is the best place to buy a secondhand car, especially if youre laying out a large sum (一笔金钱) for a late model. Some of these dealers offer extensive (广阔的)guarantees, such as one on the "drive train," which covers any problems with engine (发动机), transmission(变速器) ， drive shaft and differential (差速器 ). Expect to pay for this, as well as for the markup (标高的价格). But if you shop soon after the new models have arrived, when a dealer has a lot of trade-ins tying up his profits, he might deal. The visual examination (视觉上的检查)Youve found your dream car, and can hardly wait to get in and roar away. Wait.First, look for any flaws (瑕疵)or ripples(划痕) in the body that might indicate a past accident (暗示曾经出过事故). To see if a car has been repainted(重新漆过), look under the rubber seals around the door or under the chrome trim. Repainting may mask deep flaws (重新上漆可能隐藏深层的瑕疵).Check the odometer (计程器) for total mileage (英里数), and then compare that figure (数字)with any stickers still attached to door posts. Its illegal to change odometer readings, but it happens. If there are no stickers, be a little suspicious. Check pedals and controls: wear on these parts should agree with the mileage. If they are brand new, be suspicious. If they are worn out, beware.Check that the doors, hood and trunk all open smoothly and close with solid sound. Sight along the sides of the car from 30 feet away to be sure that the rear and front wheels line up.Look under the car for fluid leaks. Except for condensation from a working air conditioner on a hot day, no car should ever drip anything, any time.Now sit in the drivers seat and try the controls. The car should fit you—it should be comfortable. Check seat adjustment, door locks, window-raising mechanisms, horn, lights, directional signals, radio—all accessories.Start the engine. It should turn over quickly and then settle down to a rather fast idle. Give the engine a moment or two before you press the accelerator a bit. Watch for smoke from the rear. Blue smoke mightmean a complete engine overhaul (大修) , black a maladjusted carburetor (化油器). 2White smoke can be. Ignored if the engine is cold, but once it is warmed up, white smoke can mean a leaking head gasket (垫圈) : expensive. Reject this car.After the engine has warmed, shut it off, and then go wipe your finger inside the tailpipe (making sure its not too hot). The residue should be whitish-gay. If you get a black, oily mark, refuse the car—its probably an oil burner.Restart the engine and check the oil in an automatic transmission. It should be clean and clear, with no burned odor. The test drive The salesman may try to convince you that a short drive around the block is enough. Wrong. Make it clear that you plan to road test the car, and if he isnt happy with this look elsewhere.The test route you have mapped out should include dry city streets, a freeway, a hill, a bumpy road and an empty parking lot. All gauges(计量器) should read steady and normal throughout the test, especially oil pressure and engine heat. If not, dont buy the car.Drive to a traffic-free city street on your predetermined route and then accelerate smoothly to about 35 miles per hour. The automatic transmission should shift without jerking and with no noise.Slow to about 7 m. p. h. by gently applying the brakes. There should be no noise, no sharp sound or grinding. The car should slow in a straight line, with no pulling to the right or left.Pick up speed to about 15; then making certain nobody is behind you, hit the brakes hard! The car should come to an immediate stop without making noise or swerving.In an empty, level parking lot, brake to a complete stop. Shift into reverse and back up at about 4 m. p. h. , brake to a halt, shift into forward, etc. Do this four or five times to test the transmission. All shifting should be smooth, with no noise or hesitation.Accelerate up a hill to about 40 m. p. h. The car should not labor. If it does, you could have a rotten transmission. Go back down the hill. Stop halfway, shift into neutral and set the parking brake. The car should remain stationary when you take your foot off the brake pedal.Drive the car over the bumpy road, up a hill, and on the highway. Rarely will a car be perfect. However by now you should have a pretty good idea what needs to be done. How to bargainUse what youve learned from the visual exam, test drive and outside mechanic to get the price down. Have a maximum figure in mind, based on your inspection and on current prices from a used-car guide. Start your bidding lower than that. When you have nearly arrived at a price, get the seller to throw in certain repairs. It may be cheaper for him than further price cuts.1. Following the instructions here will help you make a good selection when buying a used car.2. Winter is a good time for purchasing a car because there is little rain in winter.3. You are more likely to pay less to a private owner for a car of poor quality.4. Refuse the car if you find any signs of a past accident in the visual examination.5. Dont buy the car if there is white smoke coming out of the rear because it is probably an oil burner.6. At certain speeds in the tests, a good car should not make any noise when the driver brakes either hard or gently.7. If you are patient and careful enough, you will certainly find a perfect used car.8. The last step before you make a decision to buy a car is______.9. Besides all gauges, the two very important systems mainly examined in the test drive are______.10. According to some experts, the best place to buy a second-hand car is______.答案：1. Y 2. N 3. Y 4. NG 5. N 6. Y 7. N 8. to bargain over the price 9. brake and transmission 10. a new-car dealer。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(及答案) (3)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）The striving of countries in Central Europe to enter the European Union may offer an unprecedented chance to the continent’s Gypsies(or Roman) to be recognized as a nation,albeit one without a defined territory. And if they were to achieve that they might even seek some kind of formal place—at least a total population outnumbers that of many of the Union’s present and future countries.Some experts put the figure at4m-plus; some proponents of Gypsy rights go as high as15m.Unlike Jews,Gypsies have had no known ancestral land to hark back to. Though their language is related to Hindi,their territorial origins are misty.Romanian peasants held them to be born on the moon.Other Europeans (wrongly)thought them migrant Egyptians,hence the derivative Gypsy. Most probably they were itinerant metal workers and entertainers who drifted west from India in the7th century.However,since communism in Central Europe collapsed a decade ago,the notion of Romanestan as a landless nation founded on Gypsy culture has gained ground.The International Romany Union,which says it stands for 10m Gypsies in more than30countries,is fostering the idea of“self-rallying”.It is trying to promote a standard and written formof the language;it waves a Gypsy flag(green with a wheel)when it lobbies in such places as the United Bations;and in July it held a congress in Prague,The Czech capital.Where President Vaclav Havel said that Gypsies in his own country and elsewhere should have a better deal.At the congress a Slovak-born lawyer,Emil Scuka,was elected president of the International Tomany ter this month a group of elected Gypsy politicians,including members of parliament,mayors and local councilors from all over Europe(OSCE),to discuss how to persuade more Gypsies to get involved in politics.The International Romany Union is probably the most representative of the outfits that speak for Gypsies,but that is not saying a lot.Of the several hundred delegates who gathered at its congress,few were democratically elected;oddly,none came from Hungary,whose Gypsies are perhaps the world’s best organized,with some450Gypsy bodies advising local councils there.The union did,however,announce its ambition to set up a parliament,but how it would actually be elected was left undecided.So far,the European Commission is wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation.The might,it is feared,open a Pandora’s box already containing Basques,Corsicans and other awkward peoples.Besides, acknowledging Gypsies as a nation might backfire,just when several countries,particularly Hungary,Slovakia and the Czech Republic,arebeginning to treat them better,in order to qualify for EU membership.“The EU’s whole premise is to overcome differences,not to highlight them,”says a nervous Eurocrat.But the idea that the Gypsies should win some kind of special recognition as Europe’s largest continent wide minority,and one with a terrible history of persecution,is catching on.Gypsies have suffered many pogroms over the centuries.In Romania,the country that still has the largest number of them(more than1m),in the19th century they were actually enslaved.Hitler tried to wipe them out,along with the Jews.“Gypsies deserve some space within European structures,”says Jan Marinus Wiersma,a Dutchman in the European Parliament who suggests that one of the current commissioners should be responsible for Gypsy affairs. Some prominent Gypsies say they should be more directly represented, perhaps with a quota in the European Parliament.That,they argue,might give them a boost.There are moves afoot to help them to get money for, among other things,a Gypsy university.One big snag is that Europe’s Gypsies are,in fact,extremely heterogeneous.They belong to many different,and often antagonistic, clans and tribes,with no common language or religion,Theirself-proclaimed leaders have often proved quarrelsome and corrupt.Still, says,Dimitrina Petrova,head of the European Roma Rights Center in Budapest,Gypsies’shared experience of suffering entitles them to talkof one nation;their potential unity,she says,stems from“being regarded as sub-human by most majorities in Europe.”And they have begun to be a bit more pragmatic.In Slovakia and Bulgaria, for instance,Gypsy political parties are trying to form electoral blocks that could win seats in parliament.In Macedonia,a Gypsy party already has some—and even runs a municipality.Nicholas Gheorge,an expert on Gypsy affairs at the OSCE,reckons that,spread over Central Europe, there are now about20Gypsy MPS and mayors,400-odd local councilors, and a growing number of businessmen and intellectuals.That is far from saying that they have the people or the cash to forge a nation.But,with the Gypsy question on the EU’s agenda in Central Europe,they are making ground."1.The Best Title of this passage is"[A].Gypsies Want to Form a Nation.[B].Are They a Nation.[C].EU Is Afraid of Their Growth.[C].They Are a Tribe "2.Where are the most probable Gypsy territory origins?"[A].Most probably they drifted west from India in the7th century.[B].They are scattered everywhere in the world.[C].Probably,they stemmed from Central Europe.[D].They probably came from the International Romany Union."3.What does the International Romany lobby for?"[A].It lobbies for a demand to be accepted by such internationalorganizations as EU and UN.[B].It lobbies for a post in any international Romany Union.[C].It lobbies for the right as a nation.[D].It lobbies for a place in such international organizations as the EU or UN."4.Why is the Europe Commission wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation?"[A].It may open a Pandora’s Box.[B].Encouragement may lead to some unexpected results.[C].It fears that the Basgnes,Corsicans and other nations seeking separation may raise the same demand.[D].Gyspsies’demand may highlight the difference in the EU."5.The big problem lies in the fact that"[A].Gypsies belong to different and antagonistic clans and tribes without a common language or religion.[B].Their leaders prove corrupt.[C].Their potential unity stems from“being regarded as sub-human”.[D].They are a bit more pragmatic.阅读理解（二）Social circumstances in Early Modern England mostly served to repress women’s voices.Patriarchal culture and institutions constructed them as chaste,silent,obedient,and subordinate.At the beginning of the17th century,the ideology of patriarchy,political absolutism,and gender hierarchy were reaffirmed powerfully by King James in The Trew Law of Free Monarchie and the Basilikon Doron;by that ideology the absolute power of God the supreme patriarch was seen to be imaged in the absolute monarch of the state and in the husband and father of a family. Accordingly,a woman’s subjection,first to her father and then to her husband,imaged the subjection of English people to their monarch,and of all Christians to God.Also,the period saw an outpouring of repressive or overtly misogynist sermons,tracts,and plays,detailing women’s physical and mental defects,spiritual evils,rebelliousness,shrewish ness,and natural inferiority to men.Yet some social and cultural conditions served to empower women.During the Elizabethan era(1558—1603)the culture was dominated by a powerful Queen,who provided an impressive female example though she left scant cultural space for other women.Elizabethan women writers began to produce original texts but were occupied chiefly with translation.In the17th century,however,various circumstances enabled women to write original texts in some numbers.For one thing,some counterweight to patriarchy was provided by female communities—mothers and daughters, extended kinship networks,close female friends,the separate court of Queen Anne(King James’consort)and her often oppositional masques and political activities.For another,most of these women had a reasonablygood education(modern languages,history,literature,religion,music, occasionally Latin)and some apparently found in romances and histories more expansive terms for imagining women’s lives.Also,representation of vigorous and rebellious female characters in literature and especially on the stage no doubt helped to undermine any monolithic social construct of women’s mature and role.Most important,perhaps,was the radical potential inherent in the Protestant insistence on every Christian’s immediate relationship with God and primary responsibility to follow his or her individual conscience. There is plenty of support in St Paul’s epistles and elsewhere in the Bible for patriarchy and a wife’s subjection to her husband,but some texts(notably Galatians3:28)inscribe a very different politics, promoting women’s spiritual equality:“There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free,there is neither male nor female:for ye are all one in Jesus Christ.”Such texts encouraged some women to claim the support of God the supreme patriarch against the various earthly patriarchs who claimed to stand toward them in his stead. There is also the gap or slippage between ideology and common experience. English women throughout the17th century exercised a good deal of accrual power:as managers of estates in their husbands’absences at court or on military and diplomatic missions;as members of guilds;as wives and mothers who apex during the English Civil War and Interregnum(1640-60)as the execution of the King and the attendant disruption of social hierarchies led many women to seize new roles—as preachers,as prophetesses,as deputies for exiled royalist husbands,as writers of religious and political tracts."1.What is the best title for this passage?"[A].Women’s Position in the17th Century.[B].Women’s Subjection to Patriarchy.[C].Social Circumstances in the17th Century.[D].Women’s objection in the17th Century."2.What did the Queen Elizabeth do for the women in culture?"[A].She set an impressive female example to follow.[B].She dominated the culture.[C].She did little.[D].She allowed women to translate something."3.Which of the following is Not mention as a reason to enable women to original texts?"[A].Female communities provided some counterweight to patriarchy.[B].Queen Anne’s political activities.[C].Most women had a good education.[D].Queen Elizabeth’s political activities."4.What did the religion so for the women?"[A].It did nothing.[B].It too asked women to be obedient except some texts.[C].It supported women.[D].It appealed to the God.二、完型填空完型填空（一）Exercise is good for you,but most people really know very little about how to exercise properly.1when you try,you can runsintostrouble.Many people2that when specific muscles are exercised,the fat in the neighbouring area is“3up”.Yet the4is that exercise burns fat from all over5.Studies show muscles which are not6lose their strength very quickly.To regain it needs48to72hours and exercise every other day will7a normal level of physical strength.To8weight you should always “work up a good sweat”when exercising.9sweating only10body temperature to prevent over heating.This is11water loss.12You replace the liquid,you replace the13.Walking is the best and easy-to-do exercise.It helps the circulation of blood14the body,and has a direct 15on your overall feeling of health.Experience says that20minutes’1617is minimun amount.18your breathing doesn’t return to normal state within minutes after you finish19,you’ve done20.1.A.While B.When C.As D.So2.A.understand B.believe C.hope D.know3.A.built B.burned C.piled D.grown4.A.reply B.possiblility C.truth D.reason5.A.arm B.leg C.stomach D.body6.A.exercised B.examined C.protected D.cured7.A.lose B.raise C.burn D.keep8.A.lose B.gain C.keep D.burn9.A.Certainly B.No C.Fortunately D.Probably10.A.raises B.reduces C.destroys D.keeps up11.A.how B.why C.nothing but D.more than12.A.While B.Once C.As D.Whenever13.A.weight B.muscle C.sweat D.strength14.A.over B.around C.throughout D.with15.A.effect e age D.affectcation B.sleep C.exercise D.rest17.A.one day B.a day C.everyday D.someday18.A.But if B.But C.If D.And if19.A.working B.walking C.exercising D.breathing20.A.enough B.much C.too much D.much too完型填空（二）Have you ever wondered what our future is like?Practically all people _1_a desire to predict their future_2_.Most people seem inclined to_3_ this task using causal reasoning.First we_4_recognize that futurecircumstances are_5_caused or conditioned by present ones.Welearn that getting an education will_6_how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy_7_with a shark.Second,people also learn that such_8_of cause and effect are probabilistic(可能的)in nature.Thatis,the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are_9_,butnotalways.Thus,students learn that studying hard_10_good grades in most instances,but not everytime.Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more_11_and provides techniques fordealing _12_then more accurately than does causal human inquiry.In looking at ordinary humaninquiry,we need to_13_between prediction and understanding.Often,even if we don't understandwhy,we are willing to act _14_the basis of a demonstrated predictive ability.Whatever the primitivedrives_15_motivate human beings,satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to_16_futurecircumstances.The attempt to predict is often played in a_17_of knowledge and understanding.If youcan understand why certain regular patterns_18_,you can predict better than if you simply observe thosepatterns.Thus,human inquiry aims_19_ answering both"what"and"why"question,and we pursue these_20_by observing and figuring out.1.[A]exhibit[B]exaggerate[C]examine[D]exceed2.[A]contexts[B]circumstances[C]inspections[D]intuitions3.[A]underestimate[B]undermine[C]undertake[D]undergo4.[A]specially[B]particularly[C]always[D]generally5.[A]somehow[B]somebody[C]someone[D]something6.[A]enact[B]affect[C]reflect[D]inflect7.[A]meeting[B]occurrence[C]encounter[D]contact8.[A]patterns[B]designs[C]arrangements[D]pictures9.[A]disappointde[B]absent[C]inadequate[D]absolute10.[A]creates[B]produces[C]loses[D]protects11.[A]obscure[B]indistinct[C]explicit[D]explosive12.[A]for[B]at[C]in[D]with13.[A]distinguish[B]distinct[C]distort[D]distract14.[A]at[B]on[C]to[D]under15.[A]why[B]how[C]that[D]where16.[A]predict[B]produce[C]pretend[D]precede17.[A]content[B]contact[C]contest[D]context18.[A]happen[B]occur[C]occupy[D]incur19.[A]at[B]on[C]to[D]beyond20.[A]purposes[B]ambitions[C]drives[D]goals三、翻译1、他用所有的积蓄为儿子买了一辆自行车。
英语四级阅读练习及答案解析
英语四级阅读练习及答案解析ANSWER:1.选J)。
此处应填副词。
可选项有totally和alone，由前一句中just可推出，外表上的细节仅仅能告诉我们这个人的健康状况，平时的营养状况以及他所从事的工作而不能看出他所处的阶级，故排除totally而选alone“惟一”。
2.选D)。
此处应填形容词。
因此此句和前一句是在将以前的工人阶级和上层阶级的身体状况进行对比，故此处应填与small“矮的”意思相反的词，选项中只有tall符合题意。
而full“丰满的”不能用来修饰sporting types,故排除。
3.选G)。
此处应填名词。
现在的生活和工作条件改善了，情况已经不同了。
而such指代的是上文中对一百年以前工人阶级和上层阶级的身体状况的身体状况的描述，故descriptions“描述”符合题意。
4.选B)。
此处应填名词。
根据句意“衣服可以提供...方面的信息”，选项中有background和hobby，选background“人的背景，社会阶层”，符合*主题。
5.选I)。
由as well可知，此处应填名词且与本段首句中的informaiton 的意思相近，选项中只有clues“线索”符合题意。
6.选K)。
此处应填动词的原形。
选项中有appear和consider,appear可直接接不定式;而consider带不定式的复合结构，用于主动语态时，consider后面得接宾语，故选appear。
7选F)。
这句中this指代bright colour，句子主干是any opportunity is...。
可选项有taken和fetched,take“抓住”则可以与opportunity搭配，但fetch“拿来”不能与 opportunity构成动宾搭配，故排除fetched而选taken。
8.选A)。
此处应填形容词。
句子意思是“衣服的价钱......，大多数人都买得起。
”选项中只有available“可以接受的”符合题意。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(及含答案) (5)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）The United States is a federal union of 50 states.The capital of national government is in Washington,D.C.(District of Columbia).The federal constitution sets up the structures of the national government and lists its powers and activities.The constitution gives Congress the authority to make laws which are necessary for the common defense and the good of the nation.It also gives the federal government the power to deal with national and international problems that involve more than one state.All powers that are not given to the federal government by the constitution are the responsibility of the individual states.The federal government has three branches--the executive,the legislative,and the judicial.The legislative brandch makes the laws,executive branch carries out the laws,and judicial branch interprets the laws.The President heads the executive branch and the Supreme Court heads the judicial branch.The legislative branch includes both houses ofCongress--the Senate and the House of Reprsentatives.The constitution limits the powers of each branch and prevents one branch from gaining too much power.For example,Congress can pass a Law the President may sign it.Nevertheless,the Supreme Court can declare the law unconstitutionaland nullify it.All government in the United States is "of the people,by the people and for the people".The people elect the President and the members of Congress.However,the President appoints the heads of federal departments and the Supreme Court judges.Every citizen votes in secret.Consequently,no one knows for whom and indevidual votes.The people believe that their government should provide a frameword and order within which they are left free to run their own lives.1.Who makes the laws?A.The Congress.B.The Federal government.C.The President.D.The supreme Court.2.The capital of the United States lies in _____.A.the state of the COlumbiaB.none of the fifty statesC.the state of New YorkD.the state of Washington3.Based on what you can know from the ,which of the following statements is true?A.The heads of federal departments are elected by the people.B.The President sets up the structures of the federal governmentC.The judicial branch has the authority to explain the laws.D.The constitution gives all powers to the federal government.4.The constitution limits the powers of each branch of the federal government because _____.A.the U.S. has fifty statesB.the individual states have their own governmentsC.the federal government has three branchesD.any one branch should not have too much power5.The main point of this is ______.A.the three branches of the U.S. governmentB.American governmentC.the Federal ConsititutionD.the people should be left free to run their own lives阅读理解（二）Kite flying is the sport of sending up into the air,by means of the wind , a light frame covered with paper,plastic or cloth. The frame can be one of many different shapes and is attached to a long string held in the hand or wound on a drum. Kites have a long history of practical application and many different types of kite have been debeloped to serve various purposes.The ancient Chinese used bird-kites to carry ropes across rivers and valleys. The current folding kite which will dive excitingly is an improved type of such a kite. With its long flat body and single pair of bird-like wings,it looks just like a large bird in the air. The modernversion is usually made of tissue-paper rather than the traditional silk. Man-lifting kites were developed in ancient times, again by the Chinese, for getting information from walled cities and army camps. In fact , as recently as world 2 ,German U-boats flew kites from their towers to lift people into the air to watch the lanD. These kites ,which are no longer in existence,were made of light-weight cloth.They were much larger and stronger than the Chinese ones. Their design,however, was simply that of the cutter kite. Smaller in size,this type of kite is still very popular as a toy for children, being easy to make with a diamond-shaped frame,no wings and brown-paper covering. Box-kites are another type of kite found in toy shops today. The first box-kite,named for its box-like body,was developed in the nineteenth century to test theories of flight and this type of cotton-covered kite greatly assisted the success of early aeroplane.These kites are the ancestors of a heavier version of the box-kite,which consists of two main sections,placed side by side. Developed for the peacetime purpose of fishing in strong sea wind,it is the only modern kite described which has practical value . A long-lasting plastic material has to be used for this kite,which carries fishing lines.1.The ancient Chinese bird-kites were usually made of light frames covered with_____.A.silkB.paperC.clothD.plastic2.The kites used by German U-boats in would war 2 for the military purpose were made of _____.A.brown paperB.plastic materialC.light-weight clothD.traditional silk3.The ancient Chinese man-lifting kites were used_____.A.to carry ropes across rivers and valleysB.for the military purposeC.as toy for childrenD.for fishing in strong sea wind4.Which of the following statements is not ture?A.The frame of a kite is attached to long string held in the hand or wound on drum.B.The ancestor of the double box-kite.C.The cutter kite has a diamond-shaped body but no wings.D.The current folding kite is developed to test theories of flight.5.The best title for this may be______.A.The ancestors of modern kitesB.The history of the chinese kitesC.different types and uses of kitesD.the different between ancient and modern kites.二、完型填空完型填空（一）Dalton wondered why the heavier and lighter gases in the atmosphere did not separate as oil andwater do.He finally concluded that the constituent 1 must exist in the form of 2 particles or atoms andthat these 3 be completely mixed together in the 4 .This threw a new light in 5 laws ofdefiniteproportions.It was 6 necessary to suppose that the atoms 7 combinesintossmall groups of uniform 8 andso form more complex substance;9 the mystery of this law was 10 .Dalton suggested, for example, thatcarbon monoxide 11 formed bythe one with one 12 of atoms of carbon and oxygen, 13 carbon dioxideresults from a single 14 of carbon uniting with two atoms 15 oxygen.Assuming this to be true, 16 thedefinite proportions of Prout's law (17 all chemical compounds the different constituents 18 enter inunvarying proportions) would naturally 19 the relative weights of the many 20 kinds of atoms.1.A.gases B.pieces C.things D.gas2.A.timely B.trimmed C.tiny D.topical3.A.ought B.could C.will D.must4.A.sky B.atmosphere C.oxygen D.environment5.A.various B.many C.the D.those6.A.only B.too C.that D.extremely7.A.should B.were C.get D.could8.A.construct B.structure C.piece D.feature9.A.but B.also C.thus D.nevertheless10.A.solved B.discovered C.broked D.told11.A.must B.been C.were D.is12.A.putting B.pairing C.placing D.preparing13.A.while B.when C.therefore D.also14.A.piece B.type C.atom D.measure15.A.from B.in C.of D.for16.A.then B.so C.by D.that17.A.from B.in C.to D.for18.A.are B.wouldn’t C.always D.never19.A.describe B.unit C.mix D.reveal20.A.different ual C.important D.chemical完型填空（二）Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is ___1___only among those with whom he is acquainte D. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, ___2___ embarrasse D. You have to take a commuter train any morning or evening to ___3___ the truth of this.Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite offensive.___4___, there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, ___5___ broken, makes the offender immediately the object of ___6___.It has been known as a fact that the a British has a ___7___ for the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it ___8___. Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom ___9___ forecast and hence becomes a source of interest and ___10___ to everyone. This may be so.___11___ a British cannot have much ___12___ in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong ___13___ a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurate---or as inaccurate---as the weathermen in his ___14___.Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references ___15___ weather that the British make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are ___16___ by comments on the weather. "Nice day, isn't it?" "Beautiful!" may well be heard instead of "Good morning, how are you?" ___17___ the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. ___18___ he wants to start a conversation with a British but is ___19___ to knowswheresto begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will ___20___ an answer from even the most reserved of the British.1. A. relaxed B.frustrated C. amused D. exhausted2. A. yet B.otherwise C. even D. so3. A. experience B.witness C. watch D. undergo4. A. Deliberately B.Consequently C. Frequently D. Apparently5. A. unless B.once C. while D. as6. A. suspicion B.opposition C. criticism D. praise7. A. emotion B.fancy C. likeliness D. judgement8. A. at length B.to a great extent C. from his heart D. by all means9. A. follows B.predicts C. defies D. supports10. A. dedication passion C. contemplation D. speculation11. A. Still B.Also C. Certainly D. Fundamentally12. A. faith B.reliance C. honor D. credit13. A. if B.once C. when D. whereas14. A. propositions B.predictions C. approval D. defiance15. A. about B.on C. in D. to16. A. started B.conducted C. replaced D. proposed17. A. Since B.Although C. However D. Only if18. A. Even if B.Because C. If D. For19. A. at a loss B.at last C. insgroups D. on the occasion20. A. stimulate B.constitute C. furnish D. provoke三、单词拼写1.Mr. Li moved to the seashore in his f______(四十来岁).2.H______(听到) the good news, we all jumped with joy.3.I changed into my sports shoes so that I could walk more c_______(舒服).4.W_______(星期三) is the fourth day of a week.5.Walking every day keep me f_____(健康) than before.参考答案：一、阅读理解：阅读理解（一）答案：ABCDB阅读理解（二）答案：ACBDC二、完型填空1.【答案】A 根据上文中的 heavier and lighter gases 可以确定,本空中应填入“组成的气体”，即 constituent gases。
(完整版)英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析.docx
.英语四级阅读理解练习题及解析(1)【阅读练习】What is it about Americans and food? We love toeat ,but we feel 1 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junkfood.We’re 2 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖 ). Perhaps the 3 to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans cametothis continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物)wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking butactually encouraging more 4 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do meanseating what“real Amer icans ” eat, but our nation ’s food has come to be5 by imports—pizza,say, or hot dogs. And some of the country ’s most treasured cooking comes from peo ple whoarrived here in shackles.Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation ’sdefining strug gles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit?ins at southern lunch counters.It is integral to ourconcepts of health and even morality whether onere frains from alcohol forreligious reasons or evadesmeat for political 6But strong opinions have not brought 7 . Americansare ambivalent about what they putin their mouths.We have become 8 of our foods, especially as welea rn more about what theycontain.The 9 in food is still prosperous in the American c onsciousness. It ’s no coincidence, then,that the f irst Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage( 束缚 ). It ’s whatwe eat—and how we 10 it with friends, family, and strangers—that help define Americaas acommunity today.A. answer I. creativeB. result J. beliefC. share K. suspiciousD. guilty L. certaintyE. constant M. obsessedF. defined N. identifyG. vanish O. idealsH. adapted【答案及解】1.D feel 是一个系，可以判断此填入一个形容，通上下文意思，以及后面介about, 可以确定D guilty,短feel guilty about sth.“ ⋯⋯感到有愧”。
大学英语四级阅读习题及答案
大学英语四级阅读习题及答案大学英语四级阅读习题(一)1、A2、D3、C4、C5、B大学英语四级阅读习题答案Acculturation, which begins at birth, is the process of teaching new generations of children the customs and values of the parents culture. How people treat newborns, for example, can be indicative of cultural values. In the United States it is not uncommon for parents to put a newborn in a separate room that belongs only to the child. This helps to preserve parents privacy and allows the child to get used to having his or her own room, which is seen as a first step toward personal independence. Americans traditionally have held independence and a closely related value, individualism, in high esteem. Parents try to instill these prevailing values in their children. American English expresses these value preferences: children should "cut the (umbilical) cord" and are encouraged not to be "tied to their mothers apron strings." In the process of their socialization children learn to "look out for number one" and to "stand on their own two feet".Many children are taught at a very early age to make decisions and be responsible for their actions. Often children work for money outside the home as a first step to establishing autonomy. Nine-or ten-year-old children may deliver newspapers in their neighborhoods and save or spend their earnings. Teenagers (13 to 18 years) may baby-sit neighbors homes in order to earn a few dollar a week. Receiving a weekly allowance at an early age teaches children to budget their money, preparing them for future financial independence. Many parents believe that managing money helps children learn responsibility as well as appreciate the value of money.21. According to this passage, the way people treat newborns _____.A) is a sign of their customsB) is an indication of their level of knowledgeC) symbolizes their social systemD) varies from culture to culture22. The expression, "to cut the cord", is used to show that _____.A) children dont like their parentsB) parents dont feel close to their childrenC) parents would not like to live together with their childrenD) independence from ones family is an important personal goal in USA23. Children who are "tied to the apron strings" _____.A) are caught in their mothers apronsB) must always wear an apron when they eatC) are very dependent on their mothersD) are independent from their parents24. American people often let their children work for money outside the home at a very early age because _____.A) children have to earn money to help the familyB) they need more moneyC) they want them to begin establishing autonomyD) children have to save money for future use25. It can be inferred from this passage that _____.A) Americans are money loversB) Americans admire independenceC) Americans are good at decision-makingD) Americans are all responsible大学英语四级阅读习题(二)Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.The researcher organized an experimental tournament (锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.If FIFA, footballs international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.He also says that FIFAs insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.21. The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ________.A) review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB) analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC) set a standard for football refereeingD) reexamine the rules for football refereeing22. The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ________.A) slightly above averageB) higher than in the 1998 World CupC) quite unexpectedD) as high as in a standard match23. The findings of the experiment show that ________.A) errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB) the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC) the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD) errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot24. The word “officials” (Line 2, Para. 4) most probably refers to ________.A) the researchers involved in the experimentB) the inspectors of the football tournamentC) the referees of the football tournamentD) the observers at the site of the experiment25. What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?A) The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is45.B) Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C) A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D) An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.。
大学英语四级阅读理解练习题和答案解析
大学英语四级阅读理解练习题和答案解析大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【原文】The Earth comprises three principal layers: the dense, iron-rich core, the mantle made of silicate (硅酸盐) that are semi-molten at depth, and the thin, solid-surface crust There are two kinds of crust, a lower and denser oceanic crust and an upper，lighter continental crust found over only about 40 percent of the Earths surface. The rocks of the crust are of very different ages. Some continental rocks are over 3,000 million years old, while those of the ocean floor are less than 200 million years old. The crusts and the top, solid part of the mantle, totaling about 70 to 100 kilometers in thickness, at present appear to consist of about 15 rigid plates, 7 of which are very large. These plates move over the semi-molten lower mantleto produce all of the major topographical(地形学的)features of the Earth. Active zones where intense deformation occur are confined to the narrow, interconnecting boundaries of contact of the plates.There are three main types of zones of contact: spreading contacts where plates move apart, converging contacts where plates move towards each other, and transform contacts where plates slide past each other. Newoceanic crust is formed along one or more margins of each plate by material issuing from deeper layers of the Earth s crust, for example, by volcanic eruptions (爆发) of lava (火山熔岩) at mid-ocean ridges. If at such a spreading contact the two plates support continents，a rift(裂缝) is formed that will gradually widen and become flooded by the tea. The Atlantic Ocean formed like this as the American and Afro-European plates moved in opposite directions. When two plates carrying continents collide, the continental blocks,too light to be drawn down, continue to float and therefore buckle (起褶皱) to form a mountain chain along the length of the margin of the plates.大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【题目】Choose correct answers to the question:1.The Earths crust______.A.can be classified into two typesB.is formed along the margins of the platesC.consists of semi-molten rocksD.is about 70 to 100 kilometers thick2.The 15 plates of the Earth are formed from ___.A.the oceanic crusts and continental crustsB.the crusts and the mantleC.the crusts and the top and solid part of the mantleD.the continental crusts and the solid part of the mantle3.Seriously-deformed zones appear _______A.whenever the crusts move over mantleB.when the plates move towards each otherC.in the narrow boundaries where two plates meetD.to be the major topographical feature of the Earth4.According to the second paragraph, the formation of the Atlantic Ocean is the example of_______.A.spreading contactsB.the influence of volcanic eruptionsC.converging contactsD.transform contacts5.This passage is probably_______.A.a newspaper advertisementB.a chapter of a novelC.an excerpt from a textbookD.a scientific report of new findings大学英语四级阅读理解练习题：【答案】1.[A] 事实细节题。
英语四级阅读练习题及答案
英语四级阅读练习题及答案英语四级阅读练习题及答案英语四级是由我国教育部高等教育司组织的'全国统一的单科性标准化教学考试。
教育部委托“全国大学英语四、六级考试委员”会负责设计、组织、管理与实施大学英语四、六级考试。
下面是店铺为大家搜索整理的英语四级阅读练习题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Questions 61-65 are based on the following passage.Language is, and should be, a livingthing, constantly enriched with new words and forms of expression. Butthere isa vital distinction between good developments, which add to the language,enabling us to say things wecould not say before, and bad developments, whichsubtract from the language by rendering it less precise. Avivacious, colorfuluse of words is not to be confused with mere slovenliness. The kind ofslovenliness in whichsome professionals deliberately indulge is perhaps akin tothe cult ( 迷信. of theunfinished work, which haseroded most of the arts in our time. And the trueanswer to it is the same that art is enhanced, not hindered, bydiscipline. Youcannot carve satisfactorily in butter.The corruption of written English hasbeen accompanied by an even sharper decline in the standard of spoken English. We speak very much less well than wascommon among educated Englishmen a generation or two ago.The modem theatre has played a baneful (有害的) part in dimming our appreciation oflanguage. Instead ofthe immensely articulate dialogue of, for example, Shaw(who was also very insistent on good pronunciation.,audiences are now subjectedto streams of barely literate trivia, often designed, only too well, toexhibit'laek ofcommunication', and larded (夹杂. withtheobscenities (下流的话. and grammatical errors of theintellectually impoverished. Emily Post once advised her readers: "Thetheatre is the best possible place to hear correctly-enunciated speech. "Alas, no more. One young actress was recently reported to be taking lessons inhow to speakbadly, so that she should fit in better.But the BBC is the worst traitor. Aideryears of very successfully helping to raise the general standard ofspokenEnglish, it suddenly went into reverse. As the head of the Pronunciation Unitcoyly (含蓄地. put it, "In the1960s the BBC opened thefield to a much wider range of speakers." T o hear a BBC disc jockeytalking to thhelatest ape-like pop idol is a truly shocking experience of verbalsqualor. And the prospect seems to be of evenworse to come. School teachers areactively encouraged to ignore little Johnny's incoherent grammar,atrociousspelling and haphazard punctuation, because worrying about such thingsmight inhibit his creative genius.61、The writer relateslinguistic slovenliness to tendencies in the arts today in that they both_________A.occasionally aim at acertain fluidityB.appear to shunperfectionC.from time to time showregard for the finishing touchD.make use of economical shortcuts62、"Art is enhanced, nothindered, by discipline" (Lines 6-7, Paragraph 1 ) means_________A.an artist's work will befiner if he observes certain aesthetic standardsB.an unfinished work is boundto be comparatively inferiorC.the skill of certain artistsconceals their slovenlinessD.artistic expression isinhibited by too many rules63、Many modem plays, theauthor finds, frequently contain speech which _________A.is incoherent andlinguistically objectionableB.is far too ungrammatical formost people to followC.unintentionally shocks theaudienceD.tries to hide the author'sintellectual inadequacies64、The author says that thestandard of the spoken English of BBC _________A.is the worst among allbroadcasting networksB.has taken a turn for theworse since the 1960sC.has raised English-speakingup to a new levelD.is terrible because of a fewpopular disc jockeys65、Teachers are likely tooverlook the linguistic lapses in their pupils since_________A.they find that children nolonger respond to this kind of discipline nowadaysB.they fear the children maybecome less coherentC.more importance is nowattached to oral expressionD.the children may bediscouraged from expressing their ideas答案解析：61-65 BAACD【英语四级阅读练习题及答案】。
四级阅读理解精炼习题及参考答案
四级阅读理解精炼习题及参考答案参考答案：Ⅰ. 1. T 2. T 3. T 4. FⅡ. Not totally, they offer more luxurious services,longer hours. 译文：在临东京湾的时髦地区出现了奇特的仿古式场景。
它是一个温泉疗养中心, 里面逼真地模拟了日本江户末年街道、小餐馆、商店的情景, 那些年日本尚未因外来力量的冲击而发生改变。
这个名为“江户温泉神话”的浴场是董事长中村勇夫多年的梦想。
中村勇夫惋惜战后日*化的美国化及其对东京的影响。
“过去我们告诉国外游客到京都去体味和享受古朴的日本, ”中村说:“如今他们可以来这里。
”在日本的黄金时代温泉浴行业有前景的想法已经得到映证。
现在人们甚至用一个专门的词——— iyashi-sangyo , 即治疗产业, 来表示这一行业。
该行业通过提供各种服务来缓解日本似乎无止尽的经济衰退引起的焦虑。
其中包括: 熏香、按摩和短期的田间劳作, 但这些都不及温泉受欢迎, 温泉的治疗效果已是久负盛名。
日本是火山群岛, 有三万多处然温泉和三千多处大多分布在乡间小旅馆里的温泉胜地。
中村建设中的这家浴场规模和排场都是史无前例的, 是一座位于东京市中心的具有乡村风情的庞大的浴室和主题公园。
另外还有两家温泉疗养中心正在建设中, 其中一家造价比中村浴场的四千六百万美元几乎高出三倍。
在一所大学研究温泉文化的教授松田忠德说, 在市中心快速矗立起的这些庞大的设施, 暗示人们对经济的焦虑“已经一触即发”, 而投资者们想从中渔利。
东京新的浴场和传统的澡堂大同小异。
在一般的澡堂, 客人花4 美元用普通的水洗刷一下, 午夜打烊时, 他们就得离开。
东京所有新建的浴场都要用抽自地下1 700 米深处的真正的矿物温泉水。
他们提供每次最低消费为20 美元的时间更长、更舒适的服务。
尽管这股建设热潮中存在风险, 但是在日本温泉浴行业似乎充满了商机: 现有的温泉浴场每年接待3 亿白天来访的客人。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(及含答案) (3)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）President Clinton’s decision on Apr.8to send Chinese Premier Zhu Rongji packing without an agreement on China’s entry into the World Trade Organization seemed to be a massive miscalculation.The President took a drubbing from much of the press,which had breathlessly reported that a deal was in the bag.The Cabinet and Whit House still appeared divided, and business leaders were characterized as furious over the lost opportunity.Zhu charged that Clinton lacked“the courage”to reach an accord.And when Clinton later telephoned the angry Zhu to pledge a renewed effort at negotiations,the gesture was widely portrayed as a flip-flop.In fact,Clinton made the right decision in holding out for a better WTO deal.A lot more horse trading is needed before a final agreement can be reached.And without the Administration’s goal of a“bullet-proof agreement”that business lobbyists can enthusiastically sell to a Republican Congress,the whole process will end up in partisan acrimony that could harm relations with China for years.THE HARD PART.Many business lobbyists,while disappointed that the deal was not closed,agree that better terms can still be had.And Treasury Secretary Robert E.Rubin,National Economic Council Director Gene B.Sperling,Commerce Secretary William M.Daley,and top trade negotiator Charlene Barshefsky all advised Clinton that while the Chinese had made a remarkable number of concessions,“we’re not there yet,”according to senior officials.Negotiating with Zhu over the remaining issues may be the easy part. Although Clinton can signal U.S.approval for China’s entry into the WTO himself,he needs Congress to grant Beijing permanentmost-favored-nation status as part of a broad trade accord.And the temptation for meddling on Capital Hill may prove over-whelming.Zhu had barely landed before Senate Majority Leader Trent Lott(R-Miss)declared himself skeptical that China deserved entry into the WTO.And Senators Jesse A.Helms(R-N.C.)and Emest F.Hollings(D-S.C.)promised to introduce a bill requiring congressional approval of any deal.The hidden message from these three textile-state Southerners:Get more protection for the U.S.clothing industry.Hoping to smooth the way, the Administration tried,but failed,to budge Zhu on textiles.Also left in the lurch:Wall Street,Hollywood,and Detroit.Zhu refused to open up much of the lucrative Chinese securities market and insisted on “cultural”restrictions on American movies and music.He also blocked efforts to allow U.S.auto makers to provide fleet financing.BIG JOB.Already,business lobbyists are blanketing Capitol Hill to presale any eventual agreement,but what they’ve heard so far isn’tencouraging.Republicans,including Lott,say that“the time just isn’t right”for the deal.Translation:We’re determined to make it look as if Clinton has capitulated to the Chinese and is ignoring human, religious,and labor rights violations;the theft of nuclear-weapons technology;and the sale of missile parts to America’s enemies.Beijing’s fierce critics within the Democratic Party,such as Senator Paul D. Wellstone of Minnesota and House Minority leader Richard A.Gephardt of Missouri,won’t help,either.Just how tough the lobbying job on Capitol Hill will be become clear on Apr.20,when Rubin lectured19chief executives on the need to discipline their Republican allies.With business and the White House still trading charges over who is responsible for the defeat of fast-track trade negotiating legislation in1997,working together won’t be easy.And Republicans—with a wink—say that they’ll eventually embrace China’s entry into the WTO as a favor to Corporate America.Though not long before they torture Clinton.But Zhu is out on a limb,and if Congress overdoes the criticism,he may be forced by domestic critics to renege. Business must make this much dear to both its GOP allies and the Whit House:This historic deal is too important to risk losing to any more partisan squabbling"1.The main idea of this passage is"[A].The Contradiction between the Democratic Party and the RepublicanParty.[B].On China’s entry into WTO.[C].Clinton was right.[D].Business Lobbyists Control Capitol Hill."2.What does the sentence“Also left in the lurch:Wall Street, Hollywood,Detroit”convey?"[A].Premier Zhu rejected their requirements.[B].The three places overdid criticism.[C].They wanted more protection.[D].They are in trouble."3.What was the attitude of the Republican Party toward China’s entry into the WTO?"[A].Contradictory.[B].Appreciative.[C].Disapproving.[D].Detestful."4.Who plays the leading part in the deal in America?"[A].White House.[B].Republicans.[C].The Democratic Party.[D].Businessmen."5.It can be inferred from the passage that"[A].America will make concessions.[B].America will hold out for a better WTO[C].Clinton has the right to signal U.S.approval for China’s entry.[D].Democratic party approve China’s entry into the WTO.阅读理解（二）Accreditation is a system for setting national standards of quality in education.The United States is unique in the would because its accreditation system is not administered by the government,but rather by committees of educators and private agencies,like the Middle States Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools and the Society of Engineers.Before registering to study in any educational institution in the U.S.,a student should make certain that the institution is accredited in order to assure that the school has a recoginized standard of organization,instruction,and financial support.Foreign students should be particularly careful to check an institution's accreditation because other governments or future employers may not recognize a degree earned from a school that has not recevied accreditation.If a college is accredited,catalogues and brochures will usually indicate the accreditation status.If you are not sure about a certain school,don't hesitate to check its requtation with an education officer at the nearest U.S.embassy.1.The word'unique'in line2most nearly means_______.A.unusualB.firstC.standardrge2.What school students do in order to check the accreditation of a school that may interest them?A.Write to the schoolB.Write to the U.S.Ministry of EducationC.Register to study at the schoolD.Consult a U.S.embassy offical3.From this,it may be concluded that an unaccredited school____.A.does not coffer degreeB.may close because of financial disorganizationC.is administered by the governmentD.is better than an accredited school4.The title that best expresses the ideas in this is_____.A.studying in the untied statesB.accreditationC.how to find the best schoolD.the middle states association of colleges and secondary schools二、完型填空完型填空（一）Most people have no idea of the hard work and worry that goes into the collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo.One of the questions that is always asked of me is(1)I became an animal collector in the first(2).The answer is that I have always been interested inanimals and zoos.According to my parents,the first word I was able to say with any(3)was not the conventional“mamma”or“daddy”,(4)the word“zoo”,which I would(5)over and over againwith a shrill(6)until someone,in groups to(7)me up,would take me to the zoo.When I(8)a little older,welived in Greece and I had a great(9)of pets,ranging from owls to seahorses,and I spent all my sparetime(10)the countryside in search of fresh specimens to(11)to my collection of pets.(12)on I went fora year to the City Zoo,as a student(13), to get experience of the large animals,such as lions,bears,bison and ostriches,(14)were not easy to keep at home.When I left,I(15)had enough money of myown to be able to(16)my first trip and I have been going(17)ever since then.Though a collector's jobis not an easy one and is full of(18),it is certainly a job which will appeal(19)all those who loveanimals and(20).1.A.how B.where C.when D.whether2.A.region B.field C.place D.case3.A.clarity B.emotion C.sentiment D.affection4.A.except B.but C.except for D.but for5.A.recite B.recognize C.read D.repeat6.A.volume B.noise C.voice D.pitch7.A.close B.shut C.stop fort8.A.grew B.was growing C.grow D.grown9.A.many B.amount C.number D.supply10.A.living B.cultivating C.reclaiming D.exploring11.A.increase B.include C.add D.enrichter B.further C.then D.subsequently13.A.attendant B.keeper C.member D.aide14.A.who B.they C.of which D.which15.A.luckily B.gladly C.nearly D.successfully16.A.pay B.provide C.allow D.finance17.A.normally B.regularly ually D.often18.A.expectations B.sorrows C.excitement D.disappointments19.A.for B.with C.to D.from20.A.excursion B.travel C.journey D.Trip完型填空（二）To others and themselves the British have a reputation for being conservative——not in the narrowpolitical sense,but in the sense of adherence to accepted ideas and unwilling to question them.Thereputation comes partly from their1.For9002they have suffered3invasion nor revolution(except in164941688)nor disastrous defeat in5.Their monarchy(君主政体)survives6serious question.Underits normal7 political arrangements have been8stable that,except for the9 interruptions in theseventeenth10,they have been adopted throughout 11centuries to meet changing needs without violent12.Britain,in1978, was13in managing without14written constitution;some fragmentary definitionsof1688still15.There had been16quarrels,social and economic as well17political,but the quarrelshad been18,usually19compromise.The underlying20had not been broken.nguage B.future C.history D.literature2.A.centuries B.years C.minutes D.seconds3.A.neither B.as C.or D.either4.A.too B.but C.or D.and5.A.home B.study C.peace D.war6.A.and B.without C.with D.neither B.people C.leadership D.enemy8.A.so B.very C.too D.such9.A.two B.one C.no D.couple10.A.month B.day C.year D.century11.A.a B.any C.the D.few12.A.changes B.change C.altered D.changedmon B.popular C.unique D.angry14.A.two B.a C.some D.their15.A.survive B.surviving C.survives D.survived16.A.bitter B.happy C.pleasant D.unhappy17.A.for B.as C.to D.at18.A.settling B.settles C.settle D.settled19.A.for B.at C.to D.by20.A.continue B.continuity C.continuous D.continued 完型填空（三）Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally,therefore,the choice of an__1__should be made even before choice of a curriculum in high school.Actually,__2_-_,most people make several job choices during their working lives,__3__because of economic and Industrial changes and partly to improve__4__position.The"one perfect job"does not exist.Young people should__5__entersintosa broad flexible training program that will__6__them for a field of work rather than for a single__7__.Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans__8__benefit of help form a competent vocational counselor or psychologist.Knowing__9__about the occupational world,or themselves for that matter,they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss __10__.Some drift from job to jo B.Others__11__to work in which they are unhappy and for which they are not fitte D.One common mistake is choosing an occupation for__12__real or imagined prestige.Too many high-school students-or their parents for them-choose the professional field,__13__both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal__14__.The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a White-collar"job is__15__good reason for choosing it as life's work. __16__,these occupations are not always well pai D.Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work,the__17__of young people should give serious__18__to these fields.Before making anoccupational choice,a person should have a general idea of what he wants __19__life and how hard he is willing to work to get it.Some people desire social prestige,others intellectual satisfaction.Some want security;others are willing to take__20__for financial gain.Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.1.A.identification B.entertainment C.accommodation D.occupation2.A.however B.therefore C.though D.thereby3.A.entirely B.mainly C.partly D.his4.A.its B.his C.our D.their5.A.since B.therefore C.furthermore D.forever6.A.make B.fit C.take D.leave7.A.job B.way C.means pany8.A.to B.for C.without D.with9.A.little B.few C.much D.a lot10.A.chance B.basis C.purpose D.opportunity11.A.apply B.appeal C.stick D.turn12.A.our B.its C.your D.their13.A.concerning B.following C.considering D.disregarding14.A.preferences B.requirements C.tendencies D.ambitions15.A.a B.any C.no D.the16.A.Therefore B.However C.Nevertheless D.Moreover17.A.majority B.mass C.minority D.multitude18.A.proposal B.suggestion C.consideration D.appraisal19.A.towards B.against C.out of D.without20.A.turns B.parts C.choices D.risks三、翻译1、所有的窗户都开着，他就睡着了。
大学四级英语考试阅读习题及答案
大学四级英语考试阅读习题及答案导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《大学四级英语考试阅读习题及答案》的内容，具体内容：阅读理解在英语四级考试中中占有相当大分值，因此需要考生重视英语阅读能力的提升。
下面我为大家带来大学四级英语考试阅读习题，供考生阅读练习。
大学四级英语考试阅读习题(一)T...阅读理解在英语四级考试中中占有相当大分值，因此需要考生重视英语阅读能力的提升。
下面我为大家带来大学四级英语考试阅读习题，供考生阅读练习。
大学四级英语考试阅读习题(一)The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre on the road may be regarded as a social problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people or ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when ones actions could bring death or damage to others.A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence.Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent of allautomobile accidents can be attributed to the psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can distort drivers reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a conscious effort to keep ones emotions under control.Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problem is not confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations; they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents. And many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodicroad-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident experts still worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things pose a threat to those with whom they share the road.62. The word "massacre" in line 3 paragraph one means _____A) mass-killing.B) disaster.C) tragedy.D) accident.63. What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage?A) To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.B) To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.C) To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.D) To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.64. According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded as a social problem because _____.A) autos have become most destructive to mankindB) people usually pay little attention to law and moralityC) civilization brings much harm to peopleD) the lack of virtue is becoming more severe65. Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph Three?A) To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.B) To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.C) To show some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers.D) To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of driving.66. Who are NOT mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents?A) Careless bicycle-riders.B) Mindless people walking in the street.C) Irresponsible drivers.D) Irresponsible manufactures of automobiles.大学四级英语考试阅读习题答案ACBBD大学四级英语考试阅读习题(二)Merchant and passenger ships are generally required to have a life preserver for every person aboard and in many cases, a certain percentage of smaller sizes for children. According to United States requirements, life preservers must design, reversible capable of being quickly adjusted to fit the uninitiated individual, and must be so designed as to support the wearer in the water in an upright or slightly backward position.Sufficient buoyancy(浮力) to support the wearer should be retained by the life preserver after 48 hours in the water, and it should be reliable even after long period of storage. Thus it should be made of materials resistant to sunlight, gasoline, and oils, andit should be not easily set on fire.?The position in which the life preserver will support a person who jumps or falls into the water is most important, as is its tendency to turn the wearer in the water from a face-down position to an upright or slightly backward position, with his face clear of the water, even when the wearer is exhausted or unconscious.The method of adjustment to the body should be simple, andself-evident to uninitiated persons even in the dark under the confused conditions, which follow a disaster. Thus, the life be reversible that it is nearly impossible to get it on wrong. Catches, straps, and ties should be kept to a minimum. In addition, the life preserver must be adjustable to the wide variety of shapes and sizes of wearers, since this greatly affects the position of floating and the self-righting qualities. A suitable life also be comfortable to wear at all times, in and out of the water, not so heavy as to encourage to take it off on shipboard while the ship is in danger, nor so burdensome that it hinders a person in the water while trying to swim.1. The passage is mainly about____.A) the uses of life preserversB) the design of life preserversC) the materials for life preserversD) the buoyancy of life preservers2. According to the passage, a life be first of all ____.A) adjustable B) comfortable C) self-evident D) self-righting3. United States Coast Guard does NOT require the life preserver to be made ____.A) with as few strings as possibleB) capable of being worn on both sidesC) according to each wearers sizeD) comfortable and light to wear4. By "the uninitiated individual" (Para. 1, Line. 4) the author refers to the person ____.A) who has not been instructed how to use a life preserverB) who has a little experience in using a life preserverC) who uses a life preserver without permissionD) who becomes nervous before a disaster5. What would happen if a person were supported by the life preserver in a wrong position?A) The waves would move him backwards.B) The water would choke him.C) He would immediately sink to the bottom.D) He would be exhausted or unconscious.大学四级英语考试阅读习题答案1. B。
英语四级考试阅读理解练习题附答案解析
英语四级考试阅读理解练习题附答案解析导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级考试阅读理解练习题附答案解析》的内容，具体内容：离英语四级考试越来越近，考生想要提高阅读技巧就要多做英语阅读练习。
下面我为大家带来英语四级考试阅读理解练习题，供各位考生阅读练习。
英语四级考试阅读理解练习题(一)Peo...离英语四级考试越来越近，考生想要提高阅读技巧就要多做英语阅读练习。
下面我为大家带来英语四级考试阅读理解练习题，供各位考生阅读练习。
英语四级考试阅读理解练习题(一)People become quite illogical when they try to decide what can be eaten and what cannot beeaten. If you lived in the Mediterranean, for instance, you would consider octopus a greatdelicacy. You would not be able to understand why some people find it repulsive. On theother hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat -- the normallyaccepted practice in many northern countries. The sad truth is that most of us have beenbrought up to eat certain foods and we stick to them all our lives.No creature has received more praise and abuse than the common garden snail. Cooked inwine, snails are a great luxury in variousparts of the world. There are countless people who,ever since their early years, have learned to associate snails with food. My friend, Robert, livesin a country where snails are despised. As his flat is in a large town, he has no garden of hisown. For years he has been asking me to collectsnails from my garden and take them to him.The idea never appealed to me very much, but one day, after heavy shower, I happened to bewalking in my garden when I noticed a huge number of snails taking a stroll on some of myprize plants. Acting on a sudden impulse, I collected several dozen, put them in a paperbag,and took them to Robert. Robert was delighted to see me and equally pleased with my littlegift. I left the bag in the hall and Robert and I went into the living room where we talked for acouple of hours. I had forgotten all about the snails when Robert suddenly said that I must stayto dinner. Snails would, of course, be the main dish. I did not fancy the idea and I reluctantlyfollowed Robert out of the room. To our dismay, we saw that there were snailshad escaped from the paper bag and had taken complete possession of the hall!I havenever been able to look at a snail since then.练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1.The underlined word "repulsive" in Paragraph 1 most probably means"_____".A.disgustingB. pleasantC. acceptableD. delicious2.We can infer from Paragraph 3 that when collecting the snails, the author____ .A.was glad that he could share them with his friendB.was angry because they might damage his beloved plantsC.was excited about being able to give his friend a surpriseD.was depressed because it was hard to catch them all3.The author finds that snails _______ .A. are as delicious as octopusB. are disliked in his hometownC.are the most controversial foodD. are as popular as fried potatoes4.The best title for the passage might be "______"?A.One Mans Meat is Another Mans PoisonB.Foods and CulturesC.Snail and OctopusD.People Are Illogical in Front of Delicacies5.As indicated in the passage,people love different foods mainly because____A.they live in different places.B.they learn to eat certain foods in their familiesC.they have different understanding of delicacyD.they are too illogical to explain英语四级考试阅读理解练习题答案1.[A] 词义推断题。
大学英语四级考试阅读练习及答案
大学英语四级考试阅读练习及答案：Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are oftennever mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believethat the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.Animals fight; so do savages (野蛮人); hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other peopleto fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life --- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.1. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.A) most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers.B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.2. In the author’s opinion, the countries that r uled over a large number of other countries are ________.A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilizedB) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.3. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph 2) is that________.A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and theloser wrong.B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.4. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.B) our age is not much better than those of the past.C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.5. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled________.A) War and World PeaceB) Creators of CivilizationC) Civilization and HistoryD) Who Should Be Remembered参考答案：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.B 5.C大学英语四级考试阅读练习及答案：The motor vehicle has killed and disabled more people in its brief history than any bomb or weapon ever invented. Much of the blood on the street flows essentially from uncivil behavior of drivers who refuse to respect the legal and moral rights of others. So the massacre on the road may be regarded as a social problem.In fact, the enemies of society on wheels are rather harmless people or ordinary people acting carelessly, you might say. But it is a principle both of law and common morality that carelessness is no excuse when one's actions could bring death or damage to others. A minority of the killers go even beyond carelessness to total negligence.Researchers have estimated that as many as 80 per cent of all automobile accidents can be attributed to the psychological condition of the driver. Emotional upsets can distort drivers' reactions, slow their judgment, and blind them to dangers that might otherwise be evident. The experts warn that it is vital for every driver to make a consciouseffort to keep one's emotions under control.Yet the irresponsibility that accounts for much of the problemis not confined to drivers. Street walkers regularly violate traffic regulations; they are at fault in most vehicle walker accidents. And many cyclists even believe that they are not subject to the basic rules of the road.Significant legal advances have been made towards safer driving in the past few years. Safety standards for vehicle have been raised both at the point of manufacture and through periodic road-worthiness inspections. In addition, speed limits have been lowered. Due to these measures, the accident rate has decreased. But the accident expertsstill worry because there has been little or no improvement in the way drivers behave. The only real and lasting solution, say the experts, is to convince people that driving is a skilled task requiring constant care and concentration. Those who fail to do all these things pose a threat to those with whom they share the road.1. The word “massacre” in line 3 paragraph one means _____A) mass-killing.B) disaster.C) tragedy.D) accident.2. What is the author's main purpose in writing the passage?A) To show that the motor vehicle is a very dangerous invention.B) To promote understanding between careless drivers and street walkers.C) To discuss traffic problems and propose possible solutions.D) To warn drivers of the importance of safe driving.3. According to the passage, traffic accidents may be regarded as a social problem because _____.A) autos have become most destructive to mankindB) people usually pay little attention to law and moralityC) civilization brings much harm to peopleD) the lack of virtue is becoming more severe4. Why does the author mention the psychological condition of the driver in Paragraph Three?A) To give an example of the various reasons for road accidents.B) To show how important it is for drivers to be emotionally healthy.C) To show some of the inaccurate estimations by researchers.D) To illustrate the hidden tensions in the course of driving.5. Who are NOT mentioned as being responsible for the road accidents?A) Careless bicycle-riders.B) Mindless people walking in the street.C) Irresponsible drivers.D) Irresponsible manufactures of automobiles.参考答案：1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D。
英语四级考试阅读训练题含答案
英语四级考试阅读训练题含答案英语四级考试阅读训练题(一)On average, American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school, eight hours more thatthey did in 1981. They also did more household work and participated in more of suchorganized activities as soccer and ballet (芭蕾舞). Involvement in sports, in particular, rosealmost 50% from 1981 to 1997: boys now spendan average of four hours a week playingsports; girls log hall that time. All in all, however, childrensleisure time dropped from 40% ofthe day in 1981 to 25%Children are affected by the same time crunch (危机) that affects their parents, saysSandraHofferth,who headed the recent study of childrens timetable. A chief reason, she says, is thatmore mothers are working outside the home. (Nevertheless, children in both double-income andmale breadwinner householdsspent comparable amounts of timeinteracting with theirparents 19 hours and 22 hours respectively. In contrast, children spent only 9 hours with theirsingle mothers.)All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids. Play is the most powerful waya child explores the world and learns about himself, says T. Berry Brazelton, professor atHarvard Medical School Unstructured play encourages independent thinking and allows theyoung to negotiate their relationships withtheir peers, but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hoursa week engaged in it.The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing free time watching television.But that, believe it or not, was one of the findings parents might regard as good news. Iftheyre spending less time in front of the TV set, however, kids arent replacing it with reading.Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books, the children spent just over an hour a weekreading. Lets face it, whos got the time 练习题：Choose correct answers to the question:1. By mentioning the same time crunch (Line 1, Para. 2) Sandra Hofferth means________.A. children have little time to play with their parentsB. children are not taken good care of by their working parentsC. both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure timeD. both parents and children have trouble managing their time2. According to the author, the reason given by Sandra Hofferth for the time crunch is________.A. quite convincingB. partially trueC. totally groundlessD. rather confusing3. According to the author a child develops better if ________.A. he has plenty of time reading and studyingB. he is left to play with his peers in his own wayC. he has more time participating in school activitiesD. he is free to interact with his working parents4. The author is concerned about the fact that American kids ________.A. are engaged in more and more structured activitiesB. are increasingly neglected by their working mothersC. are spending more and more time watching TVD. are involved less and less in household work5. We can infer from the passage that ________.A. extracurricular activities promote childrens intelligenceB. most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched offC. efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitfulD. most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children英语四级考试阅读训练题答案1.[C] 语义理解题。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(及答案) (1)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）The earliest controversies about the relationship between photography and art centered on whether photograph’s fidelity to appearances and dependence on a machine allowed it to be a fine art as distinct from merely a practical art. Throughout the nineteenth century, the defence of photography was identical with the struggle to establish it as a fine art. Against the charge that photography was a soulless, mechanical copying of reality, photographers asserted that it was instead a privileged way of seeing, a revolt against commonplace vision, and no less worthy an art than painting.Ironically, now that photography is securely established as a fine art, many photographers find it pretentious or irrelevant to label it as such. Serious photographers variously claim to be finding, recording, impartially observing, witnessing events, exploring themselves—anything but making works of art. They are no longer willing to debate whether photography is or is not a fine art, except to proclaim that their own work is not involved with art. It shows the extent to which they simply take for granted the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernism: the better the art, the more subversive it is of the traditional aimsof art.Photographers’ disclaimers of any interest in making art tell us more about the harried status of the contemporary notion of art than about whether photography is or is not art. For example, those photographers who suppose that, by taking pictures, they are getting away from the pretensions of art as exemplified by painting remind us of those Abstract Expressionist painters who imagined they were getting away from the intellectual austerity of classical Modernist painting by concentrating on the physical act of painting. Much of photography’s prestige today derives from the convergence of its aims with those of recent art, particularly with the dismissal of abstract art implicit in the phenomenon of Pop painting during the 1960’s. Appreciating photographs is a relief to sensibilities tired of the mental exertions demanded by abstract art. Classical Modernist painting—that is, abstract art as developed in different ways by Picasso, Kandinsky, and Matisse—presupposes highly developed skills of looking and a familiarity with other paintings and the history of art. Photography, like Pop painting, reassures viewers that art is not hard; photography seems to be more about its subjects than about art.Photography, however, has developed all the anxieties andself-consciousness of a classic Modernist art. Many professionals privately have begun to worry that the promotion of photography as anactivity subversive of the traditional pretensions of art has gone so far that the public will forget that photography is a distinctive and exalted activity—in short, an art.1. What is the author mainly concerned with? The author is concerned with[A]. defining the Modernist attitude toward art.[B]. explaining how photography emerged as a fine art.[C]. explaining the attitude of serious contemporary photographers toward photography as art and placing those attitudes in their historical context.[D]. defining the various approaches that serious contemporary photographers take toward their art and assessing the value of each of those approaches.2. Which of the following adjectives best describes “the concept of art imposed by the triumph of Modernism” as the author represents it in lines 12—13?[A]. Objective [B]. Mechanical. [C]. Superficial. [D]. Paradoxical.3. Why does the author introduce Abstract Expressionist painter?[A]. He wants to provide an example of artists who, like serious contemporary photographers, disavowed traditionally accepted aims of modern art.[B]. He wants to set forth an analogy between the Abstract Expressionist painters and classical Modernist painters.[C]. He wants to provide a contrast to Pop artist and others.[D]. He wants to provide an explanation of why serious photography, like other contemporary visual forms, is not and should not pretend to be an art.4. How did the nineteenth-century defenders of photography stress the photography?[A]. They stressed photography was a means of making people happy.[B]. It was art for recording the world.[C]. It was a device for observing the world impartially.[D]. It was an art comparable to painting.阅读理解（二）Nearly two thousand years have passed since a census decreed by Caesar Augustus become part of the greatest story ever told. Many things have changed in the intervening years. The hotel industry worries more about overbuilding than overcrowding, and if they had to meet an unexpected influx, few inns would have a manager to accommodate the weary guests. Now it is the census taker that does the traveling in the fond hope that a highly mobile population will stay long enough to get a good sampling. Methods of gathering, recording, and evaluating information have presumably been improved a great deal. And where then it was the modest purpose of Rome to obtain a simple head count as an adequate basis for levying taxes, now batteries of complicated statistical series furnishedby governmental agencies and private organizations are eagerly scanned and interpreted by sages and seers to get a clue to future events. The Bible does not tell us how the Roman census takers made out, and as regards our more immediate concern, the reliability of present day economic forecasting, there are considerable differences of opinion. They were aired at the celebration of the 125th anniversary of the American Statistical Association. There was the thought that business forecasting might well be on its way from an art to a science, and some speakers talked about newfangled computers and high-falutin mathematical system in terms of excitement and endearment which we, at least in our younger years when these things mattered, would have associated more readily with the description of a fair maiden. But others pointed to the deplorable record of highly esteemed forecasts and forecasters with a batting average below that of the Mets, and the President-elect of the Association cautioned that “high powered statistical methods are usually in order where the facts are crude and inadequate, the exact contrary of what crude and inadequate statisticians assume.” We left his birthday party somewhere between hope and despair and with the conviction, not really newly acquired, that proper statistical methods applied to ascertainable facts have their merits in economic forecasting as long as neither forecaster nor public is deluded into mistaking the delineation of probabilities and trends for a prediction of certainties of mathematical exactitude.1. Taxation in Roman days apparently was based on[A]. wealth. [B]. mobility. [C]. population. [D]. census takers.2. The American Statistical Association[A]. is converting statistical study from an art to a science.[B]. has an excellent record in business forecasting.[C]. is neither hopeful nor pessimistic.[D]. speaks with mathematical exactitude.3. The message the author wishes the reader to get is[A]. statisticians have not advanced since the days of the Roman.[B]. statistics is not as yet a science.[C]. statisticians love their machine.[D].computer is hopeful.4. The “greatest story ever told” referred to in the passage is the story of[A]. Christmas. [B]. The Mets.[C]. Moses. [D]. Roman Census Takers.二、完型填空完型填空（一）Most parents, I suppose, have had the experience of reading a bedtime story to their children.And they must have 1 how difficult it is to write a 2 children’s book.Either the author has aimed too 3 , so that the children can’t follow what is in his (or more often, her) story, 4 thestory seems to be talking tothe readers. The best children’s books are 5 very difficult nor very simple, and satisfy both the 6 who hears thestory and the adult who 7 it.Unfortunately, there are in fact 8 books like this, 9 the problem of findingthe right bedtime story is not 10 to solve. This may be why many of books regarded as 11 of children’s literature were in fact written for 12 .“Alice’s Adventure in Wonderland”is perhaps the most 13 of this.Children, left for themselves, often 14 the worst possible interest in literature.Just leave a child inbookshop o 15 and he will 16 willingly choose the books written in an imaginative way, or have a look at most children’s comics, full of the stories and jokes which are the 17 of teachers and right-thinkingparents.Perhaps we parents should stop trying to brainwash childrensintos 18 our taste in literature.After allchildren and adults are so 19 that we parents should not expect that they will enjoy the 20 books.So I suppose we’ll just have to compromise over that bedtime story.1.A.hoped B.realized C.told D.said2.A.short B.long C.bad D.good3.A.easy B.short C.high D.difficult4.A.and B.but C.or D.so5.A.both B.neither C.either D.very6.A.child B.father C.mother D.teacher.7.A.hears B.buys C.understands D.reads8.A.few B.many C.a great deal of D.a great number of9.A.but B.however C.so D.because10A.hard B.easy C.enoughD.fast11.A.articles B.work C.arts D.works12.A.grown ups B.girls C.boys D.children13.A.difficult B.hidden C.obvious D.easy14.A.are B.show C.find D.add15.A.school B.home C.office D.library16.A.more B.less C.able D.be17.A.lovingness B.interests C.objections D.readings18.A.receiving B.accepting C.having D.refusing19.A.same B.friendly C.different monmon B.avarage C.different D.Same完型填空（二）A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide--the division of the world into theinfo(information) rich and the info poor. And that __1__ does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this loomingdanger twenty years ago. What was less __2__ then, however, were the new, positive __3__ that work against thedigital divide.__4__,there are reasons to be __5__.There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more __6__, it is in the interest of business to universalizeaccess-after all, the more people online, the more potential __7__ there are. More and more __8__, afraid their countries will be left __9__, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be __10__ together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will __11__ rather than widen in the years ahea D. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for __12__ world poverty that we've ever ha D.Of course, the use of the Internet isn't the only way to __13__ poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has __14__ potential.To __15__ advantage of this tool, some poor countries will have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices __16__ respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is a/an __17__ of their sovereignty might well study the history of __18__ (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn't have the capital to do so. And that is __19__ America's Second Wave infrastructure-__20__ roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment.1. A) divide B) information C) world D) lecture2. A) obscure B) visible C) invisible D) indistinct3. A) forces B) obstacles C) events D) surprises4. A) Seriously B) Entirely C) Actually D) Continuously5. A) negative B) optimistic C) pleasant D) disappointed6. A) developed B) centralized C) realized D) commercialized7. A) users B) producers C) customers D) citizens8. A) enterprises B) governments C) officials D) customers9. A) away B) for C) aside D) behind10. A) netted B) worked C) put D) organized11. A) decrease B) narrow C) neglect D) low12. A) containing B) preventing C) keeping D) combating13. A) win B) detail C) defeat D) fear14. A) enormous B) countless C) numerical D) big15. A) bring B) keep C) hold D) take16. A) at B) with C) of D) for17. A) offence B) investment C) invasion D) insult18. A) construction B) facility C) infrastructure D) institution19. A) why B) where C) when D) how20. A) concerning B) concluding C) according D) including三、翻译1、 The train was delayed on account of snow.翻译：__________________________________________________.2. You need to check in on hour before the flight.翻译：___________________________________________________3. Thoughts can also be expressed by means of musiC.翻译：________________________________________________________4、The shop is now licensed to sell cigarettes.翻译：__________________________________________________.5、You mustn’t let the body temperature drop too low.翻译：________________________________________________________参考答案：一、阅读理解：阅读理解（一）答案祥解1. C. 说明当代严肃的摄影家对摄影作为艺术的态度，并把他们这些态度放在历史的进程来观察。
大学英语英语四级练习卷(及答案) (4)
大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）Why the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand years—and why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated, which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own times—are questions which have interested the modern philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth? Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents—to the influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deduction chiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the moderns employ induction, proves to be too narrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrast that is evident between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledge is founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthesis and analysis,by induction and deduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals to observation under the guidance of deduction—by steps which are indeed correlative parts of one method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or parts of one method, which have been generalized from the examples of science.A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, an imperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness in observation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observation—these are the faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or the moderns; but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greater virtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the sudden growth of science in recent times.The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts” and “theories” or “facts” and “ideas”—in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their too exclusive attention to the latter —proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge of vagueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are not coordinate species. Theories, if true, are facts—a particular class of facts indeed, generally complex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positive attributes of theories. Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of true method in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in true method. A fact is a proposition of simple. A theory, on theother hand, if true has all the characteristics of a fact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. To convert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the full characteristics of a fact."1. The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is"[A]. Philosophy of mathematics. [B]. The Recent Growth in Science.[C]. The Verification of Facts. [C]. Methods of Scientific Inquiry."2. According to the author, one possible reason for the growth of science during the days of the ancient Greeks and in modern times is"[A]. the similarity between the two periods.[B]. that it was an act of God.[C]. that both tried to develop the inductive method.[D]. due to the decline of the deductive method."3. The difference between “fact” and “theory”"[A]. is that the latter needs confirmation.[B]. rests on the simplicity of the former.[C]. is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks.[D]. helps us to understand the deductive method."4. According to the author, mathematics is"[A]. an inductive science. [B]. in need of simple verification.[C]. a deductive science. [D]. based on fact and theory."5. The statement “Theories are facts” may be called."[A]. a metaphor. [B]. a paradox.[C]. an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methods.[D]. a pun.阅读理解（二）On the 36th day after they had voted, Americans finally learned Wednesday who would be their next president: Governor George W. Bush of Texas.Vice President Al Gore, his last realistic avenue for legal challenge closed by a U. S. Supreme Court decision late Tuesday, planned to end the contest formally in a televised evening speech of perhaps 10 minutes, advisers said. They said that Senator Joseph Lieberman, his vice presidential running mate, would first make brief comments. The men would speak from a ceremonial chamber of the Old Executive office Building, to the west of the White House.The dozens of political workers and lawyers who had helped lead Mr. Gore’s unprecedented fight to claw a come-from-behind electoral victory in the pivotal state of Florida were thanked Wednesday and asked to stand down. “The vice president has directed the recount committee to suspend activities,”William Daley, the Gore campaign chairman, said in a written statement. Mr. Gore authorized that statement after meeting with his wife, Tipper, and with top advisers including Mr. Daley.He was expected to telephone Mr. Bush during the day. The Bush campaign kept a low profile and moved gingerly, as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next steps.Yet, at the end of a trying and tumultuous process that had focused world attention on sleepless vote counters across Florida, and on courtrooms formMiami to Tallahassee to Atlanta to Washington the Texas governor was set to become the 43d U. S. president.The news of Mr. Gore’s plans followed the longest and most rancorous dispute over a U. S. presidential election in more than a century, one certain to leave scars in a badly divided country.It was a bitter ending for Mr. Gore, who had outpolled Mr. Bush nationwide by some 300000 votes, but, without Florida, fell short in the Electoral College by 271votes to 267—the narrowest Electoral College victory since the turbulent election of 1876.Mr. Gore was said to be distressed by what he and many Democratic activists felt was a partisan decision from the nation’s highest court.The 5-to –4 decision of the Supreme Court held, in essence, that while a vote recount in Florida could be conducted in legal and constitutional fashion, as Mr. Gore had sought, this could not be done by the Dec. 12 deadline for states to select their presidential electors.James Baker 3rd, the former secretary of state who represented Mr. Bush in the Florida dispute, issued a short statement after the U. S. high court ruling, saying that the governor was “very pleased and gratified.”Mr. Bush was planning a nationwide speech aimed at trying to begin to heal the country’s deep, aching and varied divisions. He then was expected to meet with congressional leaders, including Democrats. Dick Cheney, Mr. Bush’s ruing mate, was meeting with congressmen Wednesday in Washington.When Mr. Bush, who is 54, is sworn into office on Jan.20, he will be only the second son of a president to follow his father to the White House, after JohnAdams and John Quincy Adams in the early 19th century.Mr. Gore, in his speech, was expected to thank his supporters, defend his hive-week battle as an effort to ensure, as a matter of principle, that every vote be counted, and call for the nation to join behind the new president. He was described by an aide as “resolved and resigned.”While some constitutional experts had said they believed states could present electors as late as Dec. 18, the U. S. high court made clear that it saw no such leeway.The U.S. high court sent back “for revision” to the Florida court its order allowing recounts but made clear that for all practical purposes the election was over.In its unsigned main opinion, the court declared, “The recount process, in its features here described, is inconsistent with the minimum procedures necessary to protect the fundamental right of each voter.”That decision, by a court fractured along philosophical lines, left one liberal justice charging that the high court’s proceedings bore a political taint.Justice John Paul Stevens wrote in an angry dissent:” Although we may never know with complete certainty the identity of the winner of this year’s presidential election, the identity of the loser is perfectly clear. It is the nation’s confidence in the judge as an impartial guardian of the law.”But at the end of five seemingly endless weeks, during which the physical, legal and constitutional machines of the U. S. election were pressed and sorely tested in ways unseen in more than a century, the system finally produced aresult, and one most Americans appeared to be willing at lease provisionally to support.The Bush team welcomed the news with an outward show of restraint and aplomb. The governor’s hopes had risen and fallen so many times since Election night, and the legal warriors of each side suffered through so many dramatic reversals, that there was little energy left for celebration."1. The main idea of this passage is"[A]. Bush’s victory in presidential election bore a political taint.[B]. The process of the American presidential election.[C]. The Supreme Court plays a very important part in the presidential election.[D]. Gore is distressed."2. What does the sentence “as if to leave space for Mr. Gore to contemplate his next step” mean"[A]. Bush hopes Gore to join his administration.[B]. Bush hopes Gore to concede defeat and to support him.[C]. Bush hopes Gore to congraduate him.[D]. Bush hopes Gore go on fighting with him."3. Why couldn’t Mr. Gore win the presidential election after he outpolled Mr. Bush in the popular vote? Because"[A]. the American president is decided by the supreme court’s decision.[B]. people can’t directly elect their president.[C]. the American president is elected by a slate of presidential electors.[D]. the people of each state support Mr. Bush."4. What was the result of the 5—4 decision of the supreme court?"[A]. It was in fact for the vote recount.[B]. It had nothing to do with the presidential election.[C]. It decided the fate of the winner.[D]. It was in essence against the vote recount."5. What did the “turbulent election of 1876” imply?"[A]. The process of presidential election of 2000 was the same as that.[B]. There were great similarities between the two presidential elections (2000 and 1876).[C]. It was compared to presidential election of 2000.[D]. It was given an example.阅读理解（三）Asked to name their favorite city, many Amerians would select San Francisco began as a small Spanish outpost located on a magnificent bay.The town was little more than a village serving ranchers when the United States took possession of it in 1846 during the war with Mexico. San Francisco sprang into a city overnight because of the nearby discovery of gold in 1848.A great rush to California took place.Wagon trains plodded their dangerous way across 2000 miles of prairie and mountains,while hundreds of sailing vessels made the equally hazardous trip around the Horn.The vessels disgorged thousands of passengers -- then the crews deserted teir ship and hundreds of vessels were left to rot in thebay.Within two years,California had enough population to become a state and San Francisco was for many years the hub of that newly-arrived population.The city’s present popularity is due to an excellent climate, an easy style of living ,good food,and numerous tourist attractions. The city is famous for its cable cars which "clang and bang" up the steep hills,and for its excellent seafood stals along the wharf. Most visitors arriving from nations in the Pacific Basin spend several days getting to know the town.1.According to this article, who were the first Californians?A.deserters from sailing shipsB.spanish ranchersC.gold minersD.tourists2.san francisco’s appeal includes all of the following factors____.A.attractive lifestyle,good seafood,desirable weatherB.tourist attactions,extreme seasons,cable carsC.wagon trains,gold mining,good climateD.cable cars,pleasent climate,flat terrain3.san francisco today is a thriving city because of ____.A.heavy industryernmental headquartersC.goldminingD.trade and tourism4.In waht year did California become an American state?A.1850B.1852C.1846D.1848二、完型填空完型填空（一）If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths andweaknesses. Success or (1) in your work would depend, to (2) great extent, (3) your ability to use yourstrengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. (4) the utmost importance is your attitude. A person (5)begins a job convinced that he isn't going to like it or is (6) that he is going to ail is exhibiting aweakness which can only hinder his success. On the otherhand, a person who is secure (7) his belief thathe is probably as capable (8) doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerfulattempt (9) it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well.(10) the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously aweakness. A book-keeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw (11)hopeless cases.This book has been designed to help you capitalize (12) the strength and overcome the (13) that youbring to the job of learning. But insgroupsto measure your development, you must first (14) -- stock ofswheres you stand now. (15) -- we get further along in the book, we’ll be (16) -- in some detail withspecific processes for developing and strengthening (17) -- skills. However, (18) -- begin with, youshould pause (19) -- examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical toyour success or failure in school: your (20) --, your reading and communication skills, and your studyhabits.1.A.improvement B.victory C. failure D. achievement2.A.a B.the C. some D. certain3.A.in B.on C. of D. to4.A.Out of B.Of C. To D. Into5.A.who B.what C. that D. which6.A.ensure B.certain C. sure D. surely7.A.onto B.on C. off D. in8.A.to B.at C. of D. for9.A.near B.on C. by D. at10.A.Have B.Had C. Having D. Had been11.A.being B.been C. are D. is12.A.except B.but C. for D. on13.A.idea B.weakness C. strength D. advantage14.A.make B.take C. do D. give15.A.as B.till C. over D. out16.A.deal B.dealt C. be dealt D. dealing17.A.learnt B.learned C. learning D. learn18.A.around B.to C. from D. beside19.A.to B.onto C. into D. with20.A.intelligence B.work C. attitude D. weakness完型填空（二）The rocket engine, with its steady roar like that of a waterfall or a thunderstorm, is an impressive symbol of the new space age.Rocket engines have 1 powerful enough to shoot astronauts 2 the earth's gravitational pull and 3 them on the moon.We have now become 4 space.Impressive and complex 5 it may appear, the rocket, which was 6 in China over 800 years 7 , is a relatively simple device.Fuel that is 8 in the rocket engine changes 9 gas.The hot and rapidly 10 gas must escape, but it can do so only 11 an opening that 12 backwar D.As the gas is 13 with great force, it 14 the rocket in the 15 direction.Like the kick of a gun 16 it is fired, it 17 the laws of nature 18 by Sir Isaac Newton when he discovered that“ 19 every action, there is 20 equal and opposite reaction.”1.A.shown B.been C.appeared D.proved2.A.against B.despite C.beyond D.from3.A.send nd C.take D.carry4.A.travelers B.astronauts C.researchers D.explorers5.A.that B.so C.as D.sometimes6.A.made B.discovered C.developed D.invented7.A.in advance B.before C.earlier D.ago8.A.round B.contained C.stored D.burned9.A.as B.into C.for D.the10.A.heating B.escaping C.expanding D.conducting11.A.in B.at C.by D.through12.A.turns B.goes C.faces D.directs13.A.transmitted B.dispersed C.erected D.radiated14.A.attracts B.leads C.pulls D.pushes15.A.same B.other C.opposite D.wrong16.A.that B.when C.if D.although17.A.states B.proves C.follows D.breaks18.A.described B.discussed C.considered D.made19.A.like B.as C.with D.for20.A.no B.an C.another D.theCloze三、翻译1. 电影开演半小时了。
四级英语阅读理解练习题及答案
四级英语阅读理解练习题及答案四级英语阅读理解练习题1：There is a difference between science and technology. Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; technology is a method of solving practical problems. Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for implementing the finding of science.Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.Progress in science excludes the human factor. Scientists, who seek to comprehend the universe and know the truth within the highest degree of accuracy and certainty, cannot pay attention to their own or other peoples likes or dislikes or to popular ideas about the fitness of things. What scientists discover may shock or anger people-as did Darwins theory of evolution. But even an unpleasant truth is more than likely to be useful; besides, we have the choice of refusing to believe it! But hardly so with technology; we do not have the choice of refusing to hear the sonic boom produced by a supersonic aircraft flying overhead; we do not have the option of refusing to breathe polluted air; and we do not have the option of living in a non-atomic age. Unlike science progress, technology mustbe measured in terms of the human factor. The legitimate purpose of technology is to serve people in general, not merely some people; and future generations, not merely those who presently wish to gain advantage for themselves. Technology must be humanistic if it is to lead to a better world.21. The difference between science and technology lies in that _____.A) the former provides answers to theoretical questions while the latter to practical problemsB) the former seeks to comprehend the universe while the latter helps change the material worldC) the former aims to discover the inter-connections of facts and the rules that explain them while the latter, to discover new designs and ways of making the things we use in our daily lifeD) all of the above22. Which of the following may be representative of science?A) The improvement of peoples life.B) The theory of peoples life.C) Farming tools.D) Mass production.23. According to the author, scientific theories _____.A) must be strictly objectiveB) usually take into consideration peoples likes and dislikesC) should conform to popular opinionsD) always appear in perfect and finished forms24. The author states that technology itself _____.A) is responsible for widespread pollution and resource exhaustionB) should serve those who wish to gain advantage for themselvesC) will lead to a better world if put to wise useD) will inevitably be for bad purpose25. The tone of the author in this passage is _____.A) positive B) negative C) factual D) critical四级英语阅读理解练习题答案：DBACC四级英语阅读理解练习题2：Americans have always been ambivalent in their attitudes toward education. On the one hand, free and universal public education was seen as necessary in a democracy, for how else would citizens learn how to govern themselves in a responsible way? On the other hand, America was always a country that offered financial opportunities for which education was not needed: on the road from rags to riches, schooling-beyond the basics of reading, writing, and arithmetic-was an unnecessary detour.Even today, it is still possible for people to achieve financial success without much education, but the number of situations in which this is possible is decreasing. In todays more complex world, the opportunitiesfor financial success is closely related to the need for education, especially higher education.Our society is rapidly becoming one whose chief product is information, and dealing with this information requires more and more specialized education. In other words, we grow up learning more and more about fewer and fewer subjects.In the future, this trend is likely to continue. Tomorrows world will be even more complex than todays world, and, to manage this complexity, even more specialized education will be needed.26. The topic treated in this passage is _____.A) education in general B) Americans attitudes C) higher educationD) American education27. Americans attitudes toward education have always been _____.A) certain B) contradictory C) ambitious D) unclear28. Today, financial success is closely related to the need for _____.A) higher education B) public education C) responsible citizens D) learning the basics29. It can be inferred from the third paragraph that _____.A) information is our only productB) education in the future will be specializedC) we are entering an age of informationD) we are living in an age of information30. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A) The History of American Education.B) The Need for Specialized Education.C) The Future of the American Educational System.D) Attitudes toward American Education. Passage Three四级英语阅读理解练习题答案：DBABD。
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英语四级考试阅读练习试题及答案导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级考试阅读练习试题及答案》的内容，具体内容：提高英语四级阅读能力，是各位考生提高四级考试成绩的关键。
下面我为大家带来英语四级考试阅读练习试题，供考生阅读练习。
英语四级考试阅读练习试题(一)Baekeland an...提高英语四级阅读能力，是各位考生提高四级考试成绩的关键。
下面我为大家带来英语四级考试阅读练习试题，供考生阅读练习。
英语四级考试阅读练习试题(一)Baekeland and Hartmann report that the "short sleepers" had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In general, these "short sleeps" appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist(不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear "normal" or"acceptable" to their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams, the "short sleepers" did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away. The sleep patterns of the "short sleepers" were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic(疯人).The "long sleepers" were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the "short sleepers."Many of the "long sleepers" were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.1. According to the report,______.A) many short sleepers need less sleep by natureB) many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their workC) long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the dayD) many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhood2. Many "short sleepers" are likely to hold the view that _____.A) sleep is a withdrawal from the realityB) sleep interferes with their sound judgementC) sleep is the least expensive item on their routine programD) sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troubles3. It is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers _____.A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of lifeB) often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleepC) do not know how to relax properlyD) are more unlikely to run into mental problems4. When sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might ____.A) appear disturbedB) become energeticC) feel dissatisfiedD) be extremely depressed5. Which of the following is Not included in the passage?A) If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakenedB) The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the sane as those shown by many mental patientsC) Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleepD) Short sleepers would be better off with more rest英语四级考试阅读练习试题答案DCBAB英语四级考试阅读练习试题(二)One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit ones mistakes. It is extremely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like "I was wrong about that," and it is even harder to say, "I was wrong , and you were right about that."I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a certain grocery store in the neighbourhood where I grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons.Then he related an incident and Ibegan to remember vaguely the incident he was describing.I was about eight years old at the time, and I had gome into the store with may mother to do the weekly grocery shopping. On that particular day, I must have found my way to the dairy food department where the incident tood place.There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs indozen and half-dozen cartons. The cartons were stacked three or four feet high. I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks. Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the display back together, so I want to work. The manager heard the moise and came rushing over to see what had happened. When he appeared, I was on my knees inspecting some of the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as though I was the culprit. He severely reprimanded me and wanted me to pay for any broken eggs. I protested my innocence and tried to explain, but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently the manager did not.1.How old was the author when he wrote this article?a.about 8b.about 18c.about 23d.about 152.Who was to blame for knocking off the stacks of cartons?a.The authorb.The managerc.A womand.The authors mother3.Which of the following statements is not true?a.The woman who knocked off the stacks of cartons was seriously criticized by the manangerb.The author was severely critizized by the manager.c.A woman carelessly knocked off the stacks of cartonsd.It was the author who put the display back together4.Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?a.Its Harder to Admit Ones Mistakeb.I was once the culpritc.I remember an incidentd.A case of mistaken identity5.The tone of the article expresses the authors_______.a.admiration for the managers willingness to admit mistakesb.anger to the manager for his wrong accusationc.indignation against the woman who knocked off the stacks of cartonsd.reget for the mistake the made in the store英语四级考试阅读练习试题答案ccada。