2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练68 Word版含解析
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练59 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·安徽,D)There are an extremely large number of ants worldwide.Each individual (个体的) ant hardly weighs anything,but put together they weigh roughly the same as all of mankind.They also live nearly everywhere,except on frozen mountain tops and around the poles.For animals their size,ants have been astonishingly successful,largely due to their wonderful social behavior.In colonies (群体) that range in size from a few hundred to tens of millions,they organize their lives with a clear division of labor.Even more amazing is how they achieve this level of organization.Where we use sound and sight to communicate,ants depend primarily on pheromones (外激素),chemicals sent out by individuals and smelled or tasted by fellow members of their colony.When an ant finds food,it produces a pheromone that will lead others straight to where the food is.When an individual ant comes under attack or is dying,it sends out an alarm pheromone to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.In fact,when it comes to the art of war,ants have no equal.They are completely fearless and will readily take_on a creature much larger than themselves,attacking in large groups and overcoming their target.Such is their devotion to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner,these little creatures have survived on Earth for more than 140 million years,far longer than dinosaurs.Because they think as one,they have a collective (集体的) intelligence greater than you would expect from its individual parts.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练62 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下列材料,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·浙江,A)From the very beginning of school we make books and reading a constant source of possible failure and public humiliation.When children are little we make them read aloud,before the teacher and other children,so that we can be sure they “know” all the words they are reading.This means that when they don't know a word,they are going to make a mistake,right in front of everyone.After having taught fifth-grade classes for four years,I decided to try at all costs to rid them of their fear and dislike of books,and to get them to read oftener and more adventurously.One day soon after school had started,I said to them,“Now I'm going to say something about reading that you have probably never heard a teacher say before.I would like you to read a lot of books this year,but I want you to read them only for pleasure.I am not going to ask you questions to find out whether you understand the books or not.If you understand enough of a book to enjoy it and want to go on reading it,that's enough for me.Also I'm not going to ask you what words mean.”The children sat stunned and silent.Was this a teacher talking?One girl,who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time,looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished.Then,still looking at me,she said slowly and seriously,“Mr.Holt,do you really mean that?”I said just as seriously,“I mean every word of it.”During the spring she really astonished me.One day,she was reading at her desk.From a glimpse of the illustrations I thought I knew what the book was.I said to myself,“It can't be,” and went to take a closer look.Sure enough,she was reading Moby Dick,in the edition with woodcuts.I said,“Don't you find parts of it rather heavy going?”She answered,“Oh,sure,but I just skip over those parts and go on to the next good part.”This is exactly what reading should be and in school so seldom is—an exciting,joyous adventure.Find something,dive into it,take the good parts,skip the bad parts,get what you can out of it,go on to something else.How different is our mean-spirited,picky insistence that every child get every last little scrap of “understanding” that can be dug out of a book.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练32 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·陕西,B)When the dog named Judy spotted the first sheep in her life,she did what comes naturally.The four-year-old dog set off racing after the sheep across several fields and,being a city animal,lost both her sheep and her sense of direction.Then she ran along the edge of a cliff(悬崖) and fell 100 feet,bouncing off a rock into the sea.Her owner Mike Holden panicked and called the coastguard of Cornwall,who turned up in seconds.Six volunteers slid down the cliff with the help of a rope but gave up all hope of finding her alive after a 90-minute search.Three days later,a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall.Mr.Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead.He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the most beautiful part of the country.For the next two weeks,the Holdens were heartbroken.Then,one day,the phone rang and Steve Tregear,the coastguard of Cornwall,asked Holden if he would like his dog back.A birdwatcher,armed with a telescope,found the pet sitting desperately on a rock.While he sounded the alarm,a student from Leeds climbed down the cliff to collect Judy.The dog had initially been knocked unconscious(失去知觉的) but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at the base of the cliff.She may have fed on the body of a sheep which had also fallen over the edge.“The dog was very thin and hungry,” Steve Tregear said.“It was a very lucky dog.She survived because of a plentiful supply of fresh water,” he added.It was,as Mr.Holden admitted,“a minor miracle(奇迹)”.【语篇解读】一只狗追赶一只羊,不慎落入悬崖。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练3 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·陕西,C)The production of coffee beans is a huge,profitable business,but,unfortunately,full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage.The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of certain animals and birds,and even disturbs the world's ecological balance.On a local level,the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the area's birds and animals.The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other species(物种) that depend on the trees' flowers and fruits.Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home.As a result,many species are quickly dying out.On a more global level,the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threatens(威胁) human life.Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life,and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases.In addition,new coffee-growing techniques are poisoning the water locally,and eventually the world's groundwater.Both locally and globally,the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations(种植园) could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology.The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate,and studies show that the loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming.Moreover,the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的) soil conditions.It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life,from the local environment to the global ecology.But consumers do have a choice.They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible,although at a higher cost.The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.【语篇解读】咖啡豆从遮荫种植变成全日照种植,威胁到一些动物的存在,破坏了全世界的生态平衡。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练52 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·北京,C)Life in the ClearTransparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window.These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach.Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch.Sonke Johnsen,a scientist in biology,says,“These animals live through their life alone.They never touch anything unless they're eating it,or unless something is eating them.”And they are as clear as glass.How does an animal become see-through? It's trickier than you might think.The objects around you are visible because they interact with light.Light typically travels in a straight line.But some materials slow and scatter(散射) light,bouncing it away from its original path.Others absorb light,stopping it dead in its tracks.Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it,so you can see it easily.But a transparent object doesn't absorb or scatter light,at least not very much.Light can pass through it without bending or stopping.That means a transparent object doesn't look very different from the surrounding air or water.You don't see it—you see the things behind it.To become transparent,an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light.Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素) that absorb specific colors of light.But a transparent animal doesn't have pigments,so its tissues won't absorb light.According to Johnsen,avoiding absorption is actually easy.The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.Animals are built of many different materials—skin,fat,and more—and light moves through each at a different speed.Every time light moves into a material with a new speed,it bends and scatters.Transparent animals use different tricks to fightscattering.Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat.Without much tissue to scatter light,it is easier to be see-through.Others build a large,clear mass of non-living jelly-like(果冻状的) material and spread themselves over it.Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge,because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does.They need to look uniform.But how they're doing it is still unknown.One thing is clear:for these larger animals,staying transparent is an active process.When they die,they turn a non-transparent milky white.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科技说明文,文章解释了生活在海洋里的透明生物的特点、透明原理以及形成机制。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练48 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·天津,A)University Room RegulationsApproved and Prohibited ItemsThe following items are approved for use in residential(住宿的) rooms:electric blankets,hair dryers,personal computers,radios,televisions and DVD players.Items that are not allowed in student rooms include:candles,ceiling fans,fireworks,waterbeds,sun lamps and wireless routers.Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.Access to Residential RoomsStudents are provided with a combination(组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in.Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone.The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.The fee is 25 to change a room combination.Cooking PolicyStudents living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen.Students must clean up after cooking.This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff.Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use.With the exception of using a small microwave oven(微波炉) to heat food,students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.Pet PolicyNo pets except fish are permitted in student rooms.Students who are found with pets,whether visiting or owned by the student,are subject to an initial fine of 100and a continuing fine of 50 a day per pet.Students receive written notice when thefine goes into effect.If,one week from the date of written notice,the pet is not removed,the student is referred to the Student Court.Quiet HoursResidential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University.Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday.Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am.Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of 25.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文,主要谈论的是学生宿舍管理的一些具体要求及违犯规定所受的惩罚等。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练75 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2015·全国Ⅰ)My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend.On the way,we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said,“ __1__ my job.Family to Feed.”At this store,a __2__ like this is not normal.My 10-year-old noticed him and made a __3__ on how bad it must be to have to stand __4__ in the cold wind.In the store,I asked each of my kids to __5__ something they thought our “friend” there would __6__.They got apples,a sandwich and a bottle of juice.Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a __7__.I thought about it.We were __8__ on cash ourselves,but...well,sometimes __9__ from our need instead of our abundance is __10__ what we need to do!All the kids __11__ something they could do away with for the week.When we handed him the bag of __12__,he lit up and thanked us with __13__ eyes.When I handed him the gift card,saying he could use it for __14__ his family might need,he burst into tears.This has been a wonderful __15__ for our family.For days the kids have been looking for others we can __16__!Things would have played out so __17__ if I had simply said,“No,we really don't have __18__ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in __19__,it also gave my kids the __20__ taste of helping others.It'll go a long way with them.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文,作者讲述了发生在自己身边的一件事。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练28 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·全国Ⅱ,D)Choose Your One-Day Tours!Tour A—Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge—£37 until 26 March and £39 thereafter.Visit the city with over 2,000 years of history and Bath Abbey,the Royal Crescent and the Costume Museum.Stonehenge is one of the world's most famous prehistoric monuments dating back over 5,000 years.Tour B—Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house—£32 until 12 March and £36 thereafter.Oxford:Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges.Look over the “city of dreaming spires(尖顶)”from St Mary's Church Tower.Stratford: Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C—Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace—£34 until 11 March and £37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Windsor and Hampton Court,Henry Ⅷ's favourite palace.Free time to visit Windsor Castle (entrance fees not included).With 500 years of history,Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.Visit the palace and its various historic gardens,which include the famous maze(迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!Tour D—Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great—£33 until 18 March and £37 thereafter.Includes a guided tour of Cambridge,the famous university town,and the gardens of the 18th century.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练51 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
(2016·天津,D)Failure is probably the most exhausting experience a person ever has.There is nothing more tiring than no succeeding.We experience this tiredness in two ways:as start-up fatigue(疲惫) and performance fatigue.In the former case,we keep putting off a task because it is either too boring or too difficult.And the longer we delay it,the more tired we feel.Such start-up fatigue is very real,even if not actually physical,not something in our muscles and bones.The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply:always handle the most difficult job first.Years ago,I was asked to write 102 essays on the great ideas of some famous authors.Applying my own rule,I determined to write them in alphabetical order (按字母顺序),never letting myself leave out a tough idea.And I always started the day's work with the difficult task of essay-writing.Experience proved that the rule works.Performance fatigue is more difficult to handle.Though willing to get started,we cannot seem to do the job right.Its difficulties appear so great that,however hard we work,we fail again and again.In such a situation,I work as hard as I can—then let the unconscious take over.When planning Encyclopaedia Britannica (《大英百科全书》),I had to create a table of contents based on the topics of its articles.Nothing like this had ever been done before,and day after day I kept coming up with solutions,but none of them worked.My fatigue became almost unbearable.One day,mentally exhausted,I wrote down all the reasons why this problem could not be solved.I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself,not with me.Relieved,I sat back in an easy chair and fell asleep.An hour later,I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind.In the weeks that followed,the solution which had come up in my unconscious mind proved correct at every step.Though I worked as hard as before,I felt no fatigue.Success wasnow as exciting as failure had been depressing.Human beings,I believe,must try to succeed.Success,then,means never feeling tired.【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练77Word版含解析
第16周Week 16 Tuesday Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
(2015 天津,D)Once when I was facing a decision that involved high risK I went to afriend.He looked at me for a moment, and then wrote a sentence containing the best advice I've ever had Be bold and brave— and mighty(强大的)forces will come to your aid.Those words made me see clearly that when I had fallen short in the pastit was seldom becauseI had tried and failed.It was usually because I had let fear of failure stop me from trying atall.On the other hand, whenever I had plunged into deep water, forced by courage or circumstance Ihad always been able to swim until I got my feet on the ground again.Boldness means a decision to bite_off more than_you_are sure_you_can_eat. And there is nothing mysterious about the mighty forces.They are potential powers we possess energy, skill, sound judgment creative ideas— even physical strength greater than most of us realize.Admittedly , those mighty forces are spiritual ones.But they are more important than physicalones.A college classmate of mine, Tim , was an excellent football player, even though he weighedmuch less than the average player."In one game I suddenly found myself confronting a huge player,who had nothing but me between him and our goal line , " said Tim. “I was so frightened that Iclosed my eyes and desperately threw myself at that guy like a bullet仟弹)一and stopped him cold.Boldness— a willingness to extend yourself to the extreme — is not one that can be acquired overnight.But it can be taught to children and developed in adults.Confidence builds up.Surely there will be setbacks性折)and disappointments in life ; boldness in itself is no guarantee of success.But the person who tries to do something and fails is a lot better off than the person who tries to do nothing and succeeds.So, always try to live a little bit beyond your abilities—and you'll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练20 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从1~20各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·浙江)Since finishing my studies at Harvard and Oxford,I've watched one friend after another land high-ranking,high-paying Wall Street jobs.As executives (高级管理人员) with banks,consulting firms,established law firms,and major corporations,many are now __1__ on their way to impressive careers.By society's __2__,they seem to have it made.On the surface,these people seem to be very lucky in life.As they left student life behind,many had a __3__ drink at their cheap but friendly local bar,shook hands with longtime roommates,and __4__ out of small apartments into high buildings.They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine __5__ a college year's monthly rent.They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.The thing is,a number of them have __6__ that despite their success,they aren't happy.Some __7__ of unfriendly coworkers and feel sad for eight-hour workweeks devoted to tasks they __8__.Some do not respect the companies they work for and talk of feeling tired and __9__.However,instead of devoting themselves to their work,they find themselves working to support the __10__ to which they have so quickly become __11__.People often speak of trying a more satisfying path,and __12__ in the end the idea of leaving their jobs to work for something they __13__ or finding a position that would give them more time with their families almost always leads them to the same conclusion:it's __14__.They have loans,bills,a mortgage(抵押贷款) to __15__,retirement to save for.They recognize there's something __16__ in their lives,but it's __17__ to step off the track.In a society that tends to __18__ everything in terms of dollars and cents,we learn from a young age to consider the costs of our __19__ in financial terms.But what about the personal and social costs __20__ in pursuing money over meaning?These are exactly the kinds of costs many of us tend to ignore—and the very ones weneed to consider most.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练23 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·湖北,C)Hilversum is a medium-sized city between the major cities of Amsterdam and Utrecht in the Gooi area of North Holland,the Netherlands.Unlike most of the Netherlands,Hilversum is actually in a hilly area with the soil mostly consisting of sand.Once called the Garden of Amsterdam,it still attracts travelers to come over to cycle and walk through the surrounding forests.They visit it for a relaxing day off from the urban madness.For Dutch people,Hilversum is all about textile(纺织) and media industries,and modern architecture.In history,Hilversum was largely an agricultural area.Daily life was marked by farming,sheep raising and wool production.A railway link to Amsterdam in 1874 attracted rich traders from Amsterdam to Hilversum.They built themselves large villas(别墅) in the wooded surroundings of the town.One of the families moving in was the Brenninkmeijers,currently the wealthiest family of the Netherlands.They moved in after big success in the textile industry and aided a substantial textile industry in Hilversum.But the textile boom lasted only several decades.The last factory closed in the 1960s.The change to a media economy started in 1920,when the Nederlandse Seintoestellen Fabriek(NSF) established a radio factory in Hilversum.Most radio stations settled in the large villas in the leafy areas of the town.Television gave another push to the local economy.Hilversum became the media capital of the Netherlands,and Dutch television stars moved into the leafy neighborhoods surrounding the town.In the early 1900s,modern architects W.M.Dudok and J.Duiker placed hundreds of remarkable buildings in Hilversum.These modern architectural masterpieces(杰作) are so many that Hilversum almost feels like an open air museum.Dudok alone shaped most of 20th century Hilversum and approximately 75 buildings still bear his unique characteristics.His masterpiece,Hilversum Town Hall,was built in 1928-1931.It has wide international fame and is included in manyarchitecture textbooks.The building has a remarkable shape and looks like a combination of “blocks”.Actually,one may start his journey of modern architecture by walking or biking the W.M.Dudok Architectural Route in Hilversum.【语篇解读】文章主要介绍荷兰小镇Hilversum的前世今生。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练10Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。
(2016 全·国Ⅲ)When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on ourfootball team.That meant__1__Miller King,who was the best __2__at our school.Football season started in September and all summer long I worked out.I carried my football everywhere for __3__.Just before September,Miller was struck by a car and lost his right arm.I went to see him after he came back from__4__.He looked very__5 , but he didn't cry.That season,I__6__all of Miller's records while he__7__the home games from the bench.We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player,__8__I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller's __9__.One afternoon, I was crossing the field to go home and saw Miller__10__going over a fence—which wasn't__11__to climb if you had both arms.I'm sure I was the last person in the world he wanted to accept __12__ from.But even that challenge he accepted.I__13__ him move slowly over the fence.When we were finally __14__ on the other side, he said to me,“ You know,I didn't tell you this during the season, but you did__15__.Thank you for filling in for__16__. ”His words freed me from my bad __17__.I thought to myself,how even without an arm he was more of a leader.Damaged but not defeated,he was__18__ahead of me.I was right to have __19__ him.From that day on , I grew __20__ and a little more real.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记述文,主要表达了作者想成为校足球队的明星,经过帮助受伤的Miller King ,使自己真切获得了成长。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练79 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(2013·新课标全国Ⅱ,A)Doctors are known to be terrible pilots.They don't listen because they already know it all.I was lucky:I became a pilot in 1970,almost ten years before I graduated from medical school.I didn't realize then,but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon.I loved flying.As I flew bigger,faster planes,and in worse weather,I learned about crew resource management(机组资源管理),or CRM,a new idea to make flying safer.It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result,regardless of positions.I first read about CRM in 1980.Not long after that,an attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather.The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready.The attending doctor was flying;I was safety pilot.He was so busy because of the bad turn,he had forgotten to put the landing gear(起落架)down.He was a better pilot—and my boss—so it felt unusual to speak up.But I had to:Our lives were in danger.I put aside my uneasiness and said,“We need to put the landing gear down now!”That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM,and I've used it in the operating room ever since.CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to speak up.It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite,the doctor doesn't overreact,which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again.So when I'm in the operating room,I ask for ideas and help from others.Sometimes they're not willing to speak up.But I hope that if I continue to encourage them,someday someone will keep me from “landing_gear_up”.【语篇解读】作者通过自己做飞行员的经历告诉我们在必要的时候要勇于发表自己的观点,尤其是医生和飞行员,这样才能避免事故。
2018届高考英语(译林版)总复习真题研练8 Word版含解析
Task 1:阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·全国Ⅰ,C)Salvador Dali (1904-1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists.The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings,sculptures,drawings and more.Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces,most importantly The Persistence of Memory.There is also L'Enigme sans Fin from 1938,works on paper,objects,and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist's showman qualities.The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning,the world of birth.The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限),“From the infinity small to the infinity large,contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus:amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,” explains the Pompidou Centre.The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作)with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid,Spain,and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St.Petersburg,Florida.【语篇解读】这篇短文主要介绍了现代著名艺术家Dali的作品风格及the world of Dali中的展品情况。
高考英语总复习 真题研练68 牛津译林版(2021年最新整理)
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真题研练68Task 1:阅读下列材料,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·浙江,C)If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars,we would go in darkness happily,the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet。
Instead,we are diurnal creatures,with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light。
This is a basic evolutionary fact,even though most of us don’t think of ourselves as diurnal beings.Yet it’s the only way to explain what we've done to the night:We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light。
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Task 1:阅读下列材料,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
(2015·浙江,C)If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars,we would go in darkness happily,the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal(夜间活动的) species on this planet.Instead,we are diurnal creatures,with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light.This is a basic evolutionary fact,even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings.Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night:We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences—called light pollution—whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study.Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design,which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky.Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels—and light rhythms—to which many forms of life,including ourselves,have adapted.Wherever human light spills into the natural world,some aspect of life is affected.In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars,leaving behind a vacant haze (霾) that mirrors our fear of the dark.We've grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night—dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earth—is wholly beyond our experience,beyond memory almost.We've lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country,when nothing could be further from the truth.Among mammals alone,the number of nocturnal species is astonishing.Light is a powerful biological force,and on many species it acts as a magnet(磁铁).The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being “captured” by searchlights on la nd or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms.Migrating at night,birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal,throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint,including their nighttime breeding choruses.Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs.Like most other creatures,we do need darkness.Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare,to our internal clockwork,as light itself.Living in a glare of our own making,we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night.In a very real sense,light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe,to forget the scale of our being,which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy—arching overhead.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。
现如今人类使夜晚充满了人造光线,使得夜晚不再黑暗,但这么做所造成的光污染的不好影响是巨大的,到了考虑这么做的后果的时候了。
1.According to the passage,human beings ________.A.prefer to live in the darknessB.are used to living in the day lightC.were curious about the midnight worldD.had to stay at home with the light of the moon答案B[细节理解题。
根据第一段中的“Instead,we are diurnal creatures,with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light.”可知,我们人类是白天活动的动物,习惯了在日光下生活。
故答案为B。
]2.What does “it” (Paragraph 1) most probably refer to?A.The night. B.The moon.C.The sky. D.The planet.答案A[代词指代题。
it是代词,指代前面提到的事物,而前面提到的是night,指用来照亮黑夜。
]3.The writer mentions birds and frogs to ________.A.provide examples of animal protectionB.show how light pollution affects animalsC.compare the living habits of both speciesD.explain why the number of certain species has declined答案B[目的意图题。
第三段谈到了光污染,后面的段落是对光污染影响的详细说明,作者以鸟和青蛙为例来说明光污染对动物的影响。
] 4.It is implied in the last paragraph that ________.A.light pollution does harm to the eyesight of animalsB.light pollution has destroyed some of the world heritagesC.human beings cannot go to the outer spaceD.human beings should reflect on their position in the universe答案D[推理判断题。
根据最后一段中的“In a very real sense,light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe...”可推断出,我们人类应该反思我们所在宇宙中的身份地位。
]5.What might be the best title for the passage?A.The Magic Light.B.The Orange Haze.C.The Disappearing Night.D.The Rhythms of Nature.答案C[标题归纳题。
整篇文章都在说明光污染给生物带来的巨大影响,本来是宁静、舒适的夜晚也被人类设计的灯光所影响。
所以,标题应该是The Disappearing Night。
]Task 2:词汇积累1.consequence n.后果,结果2.adapt to 适应3.artificial adj.非天然的,人造的4.biological force 生物的力量5.essential adj.基本的6.rhythm n.节奏;韵律7.dimension n.方面8.cultural heritage 文化遗产Task 3:语法填空The __1__ (benefit) of this kind of engineering come with consequences—called light pollution—__2__ effects scientists are only now beginning to study.Light pollution is __3__ (large) the result of bad lighting design,which allows artificial light __4__ (shine) outward and upward into the sky.Ill-designed lighting washes out the __5__ (dark)of night and completely changes the light levels—and light rhythms—__6__ which many forms of life,__7__ (include) ourselves,have adapted.Wherever human light spills into the natural world,some aspect of life __8__ (affect).答案 1.benefits 2.whose rgely 4.to shine 5.darkness 6.to 7.including8.is affectedTask 4:短文改错(下面文字有六处错误,请改正)Frogs livedliving near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are asmanymuch as a million times brighter than normal,throwingnearnearly every aspect of theirbehavior out of jointincludeincluding their nighttime breeding choruses.Humans are no lesstrapped by light pollution than ∧the frogs.Like most other creatures,we do needdarkness.Darkness is as essential forto our biological welfare,to our internalclockwork,as light itself.Task 5:攻克长难句(分析句子结构,尝试翻译成汉语)In a very real sense,light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe,to forget the scale of our being,which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy-arching overhead.分析:这是一个由which引导的定语从句。