毕业设计论-单片机储物柜

超市储物柜系统驱动板设计

摘要

在空间狭小、物品繁多的室内场合，传统的储物柜和物品管理方式显得捉襟见肘。在通过利用室内高处空间、提高物品摆放密度等方法，提高物品的利用率。同时也会对整套储物系统的易用性、自动化程度提出更高的要求。然而超市里的储物柜（存包柜）给予了我们极大的方便。因此为满足人们的日常需求，基于实际应用设计一种超市储物柜系统。此系统也广泛应用于图书馆、游泳馆、车站、码头等，为广大顾客提供短期寄存保管服务。

本课题设计一种基于红外条形码识别技术的超市储物柜系统的驱动板，用来驱动储物柜单元的电磁锁、红外传感器等。采用STC89C52-LQFP工业级芯片作为控制核心，保证了系统的稳定性。并且具有较多的I/O口资源，实现一块驱动板能够同时检测8个储物柜单元的当前储物状态（柜内是否有物品、柜门电磁锁状态、柜门是否锁上）。驱动板能够通过485总线与系统主控板进行通信，将储物柜单元的状态及时准确地反馈给主控板，以便判断可用柜子的号码及个数。检测部分采用漫反射红外传感器检测柜子的储物状态，用限位开关检测柜门是否锁上。进而完成整个驱动板的设计，与主控板协同完成存取物品的整个过程。

关键词：储物柜，STC89C52-LQFP，485总线，驱动板

The Design of Supermarket Locker System Driver Board

ABSTRACT

In the narrow space, many items of indoor occasions, traditional lockers and goods management is difficult. By increasing the density of the display of goods and using the indoor high space, we improve high utilization rate of the goods, also on the set of storage system easy to use,automation demands. However, the supermarket locker(storage) gives us great convenience. In order to meet the daily needs of people, we design a supermarket locker system based on actual application. This system is also widely used in the library, swimming pool, station, wharf,provide short-term safe custody service for our customers.

This project is to design a driving plate supermarket locker system infrared bar code recognition technology based on electromagnetic drive unit, used for cabinet lock, infrared sensor. Using industrial grade STC89C52-LQFP chip as the control core, ensure the stability of the system. And have more I/O resources, a driver can detect the current storage status 8 lockers unit (if there is any,cabinet doors, door electromagnetic lock state is locked).Drive plate to communicate via the 485 bus with the system main control board, the cabinet unit state timely and accurate feedback to the main control board, in order to determine the number and the number of available.The detection part of the diffuse reflectance infrared sensors to detect the cabinet storage state, with a limit switch detection door is locked. Then complete the drive plate design, the whole process collaboration and the main control board access items completed.

KEY WORDS: Lockers, STC89C52-LQFP, 485bus, The driver board

目录

前言 (1)

第1章系统设计要求与设计方案 (3)

1.1 设计要求 (3)

1.2 设计方案比较与论证 (3)

第2章硬件电路设计 (7)

2.1 STC89C52RC-LQFP单片机介绍 (7)

2.2 驱动板系统各部分电路原理图 (10)

2.2.1 单片机最小系统 (10)

2.2.2 拨码开关电路 (11)

2.2.3 电磁锁驱动电路 (11)

2.2.4 SP485与单片机的连接 (12)

2.3 PCB电路板的制作 (12)

2.4 门控电磁锁原理及选型 (15)

第3章SP485原理与多机通信 (18)

3.1 SP485介绍 (18)

3.2 数据通信基础 (19)

3.2.1 数据通信的概念 (19)

3.2.2 串行通信的传送方式 (20)

3.3 SP485多机通信 (21)

第4章软件设计 (23)

4.1 系统软件设计 (23)

4.1.1 通信协议设计 (23)

4.1.2 多机通信时的分时说、听 (23)

4.2 主程序流程图 (24)

4.2.1 串口中断子程序 (26)

4.2.2 解码子程序 (28)

4.3 Modbus协议简介 (30)

第5章系统调试 (33)