莫言的《frog》的背景分析,英文版

The Family Planning Policy
1.Background China introduced its Family Planning Policy in order to relieve the pressure of the large population on the environment and resources ,as well as to raise people’s living standards. 2. Date of enacting the policy Publish in late 1970s by the law
Reasons：
1.Western value focus on human rights more; 2. China economic productivity is low； 3. The differences of population (more population and less natural resources) Therefore, China chose the way of family planning involved into international criticism. Without the family planning policy, The great achievement in economy could not be made.
Sociology
culture
Name:
China's Mo Yan Wins Nobel in Literature
The Swedish Academy in Stockholm on Thursday named Mo Yan winner of the TwentyTwelve Nobel Prize in Literature. The academy praised the Chinese writer for what it called his “hallucinatory realism.” It noted his ability to combine folk stories, history and modern events in his works. An academy official said Mister Mo said he was “overjoyed and scared” when he learned he had won the award. He will receive his Nobel diploma, a medal and more than one million dollars at a ceremony in Stockholm in December. Mo Yan is a leading author of modern Chinese novels. He often writes from memories of his youth. He also sets many of his stories in the area where he was born – Shandong Province in northeastern China. Mister Mo’s nineteen eighty-seven book “Red Sorghum,” is an example. It is about the extreme violence in rural eastern China during the Communist Revolution in the nineteen twenties and nineteen thirties. The story describes the criminal culture of the time, Japan’s occupation and the terrible conditions faced by farm workers. “Red Sorghum” was later made into a movie. Mo Yan’s other major works include, “Big Breasts and Wide Hips,” “Republic of Wine” and “Life and Death Are Wearing Me Out.” The Royal Swedish Academy compared him to two twentieth century writers: American William Faulkner and Colombia’s Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Mo Yan is fifty-seven. His real name is Guan Moye. Mo Yan means “Don’t Speak.” The writer said he chose the name to remember to stop his tongue from getting him in trouble. Only one other Chinese-language writer has won the Nobel Prize for Literature. Gao Zingjian was honored in two thousand. However, he had been living in France for some time. And, China banned his books because they were critical of the Chinese government. But, China is celebrating the victory of this native son. Minutes after the award was announced, millions of Chinese expressed pleasure and pride for Mo Yan on social media websites.
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His work “frog” about a rural fingersmith(接生婆) who witnesses abortion, forcing sterilization（绝育） pointedly reflects the traditional Chinese custom of preferring boys to girls.
Views between East and West on One child policy
For a long time, China‟s one child policy is largely to blame in the west. However, according to China‟s official statistics, from the 1970 s to the end of the 19th century, China has less gave birth to 3.4 billion population. Under the background of the world„s population booming and resources shortage, whether this should be a great success? Expert said, the reason why China‟s population policy is attacked is that, during the process of implementing, some executors（执行者） take some oppressive ways, even now. Such kind of depriving（剥夺）people of the decision is hard to imagine in western countries (pay attention to human rights). However, if China‟s population goes up just like the pace of old days, that must lead to famine（饥荒） and conflicts for resources.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
3.Definition The government encourage “late marriage and late childbirth”and “fewer and healthier births”.Young couple are permitted to have only one child. 4.Achievement Curb（控制） rapid population growth Contributes to economic growth in our country Improve social stability and people's living standards
Mo Yan profoundly analyzes why Chinese families like boys more than girls, the reason is that boy can support his family and carry on the family line（传宗接代）. As a result, if confirmed conceived daughter, some families will choose abortion or abandon baby girl, such kind of phenomena still exists in China some rural areas.
(2) Results of preferring boys to girls