unit8 专业英语的翻译-5:被动句的翻译
被动句的翻译
被动句的翻译被动句的翻译桂萍英语中的被动语态和汉语被动语态相同,都表示句子的谓语动词和其主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,是动词的一种变化形式。
被动句的主语实际上是谓语动词的承受者。
当行为主体(动作的发出者)不明确,或无关紧要时,英语中就经常使用被动语态,把所要说明的人或事物放在主语的位置上。
这样就突出了行为的对象,减少了主观色彩。
尤其是在科技英语中被动语态更是被大量采用。
被动语态的广泛使用是英语区别于汉语的一大特色。
汉语中虽也有被动句,但使用范围较狭窄。
许多被动意义的句子是用无主句的形式来表达的。
英语被动句的译法比较灵活,翻译时要根据句子的整体结构采用合适的方法来处理。
一般说来,被动句的翻译可以有以下四种方法:一、将被动句译成汉语的判断句汉语中常用“……是……的”这一句式来说明人和事物的客观情况。
这种结构在语义上往往具有被动的含义,可以与英语中的被动结构相沟通。
一般说来,英语中用来说明客观情况的被动句都可以转译成汉语的这一句式。
例如:1. The table is made of wood.这桌子是木制的。
2. Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天造成的。
3. The United Kingdom is made up of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 联合王国是由大不列颠和北爱尔兰组成的。
4. The sign language is used by the deaf people.这种手势语是聋哑人使用的语言。
5. The telephone is invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876 . 电话是亚历山大·格雷姆·贝尔在1876年发明的.二、将被动句译成汉语的主动句具体说明如下;1. The United Nations Secretary General said much would be achieved when the whole world acted together. 联合国秘书长说只要国际社会共同努力,很多事情都能完满解决。
被动句的翻译
科技英语翻译——被动句的翻译被动句的翻译英语被动句译为汉语主动句时,主语可以是原 句的主语,可以是by后面的名词或代词,也可 以是原句中隐藏的动作执行者。
被动语态的译法主要有以下几种形式: 译成汉语被动句 译成汉语主动 译成汉语的加强语句 译成汉语的无主句1译成汉语被动句英译汉时, 汉语也有用被动形式来表达的情况。
这时通常看重被动的动作。
在把英语被动句译 成汉语被动句时,常常使用“被”、“受到”、“遭 到”、“得到”、“让”、“给”、“把”、“使”、“由”等措 词。
如: (1)The process is similar to that performed at the transmit end发送端, and the carriers载波 are suppressed压制 within the balanced modulation平衡调制器. 此项过程与发送端所进行的相类似,载波被 压制在平衡调制器内。
(2)If the signal is transmitted by analog techniques模拟技术, the received signal接收的 信号 will be severely corrupted by noise . 如果用模拟技术进行信号传输,那么接收到的 信号将要受到噪声的严重破坏。
(3)Despite their countless capabilities the miracle chips must be programmed by human beings. 尽管这些神奇的集成线路中有数不清的性能, 但还需要由人为它们编制程序。
2译成汉语主动 直接将原文的被动语态按照主动语态译成汉语的 主动句。
这类句子有的是英语中形式上是被动句, 但意义上是主动的句子;有的则是英语从习惯来 说要用被动语态来表达,而汉语习惯于用主 动语态来表达的句子。
如 (1)The machine will be repaired tomorrow. 这台机器明天修理。
被动句的翻译
被动句的翻译桂萍英语中的被动语态和汉语被动语态相同,都表示句子的谓语动词和其主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,是动词的一种变化形式。
被动句的主语实际上是谓语动词的承受者。
当行为主体(动作的发出者)不明确,或无关紧要时,英语中就经常使用被动语态,把所要说明的人或事物放在主语的位置上。
这样就突出了行为的对象,减少了主观色彩。
尤其是在科技英语中被动语态更是被大量采用。
被动语态的广泛使用是英语区别于汉语的一大特色。
汉语中虽也有被动句,但使用范围较狭窄。
许多被动意义的句子是用无主句的形式来表达的。
英语被动句的译法比较灵活,翻译时要根据句子的整体结构采用合适的方法来处理。
一般说来,被动句的翻译可以有以下四种方法:一、将被动句译成汉语的判断句汉语中常用“……是……的”这一句式来说明人和事物的客观情况。
这种结构在语义上往往具有被动的含义,可以与英语中的被动结构相沟通。
一般说来,英语中用来说明客观情况的被动句都可以转译成汉语的这一句式。
例如:1. The table is made of wood.这桌子是木制的。
2. Rome was not built in a day. 罗马不是一天造成的。
3. The United Kingdom is made up of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 联合王国是由大不列颠和北爱尔兰组成的。
4. The sign language is used by the deaf people.这种手势语是聋哑人使用的语言。
5. The telephone is invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876 . 电话是亚历山大·格雷姆·贝尔在1876年发明的.二、将被动句译成汉语的主动句具体说明如下;1. The United Nations Secretary General said much would be achieved when the whole world acted together. 联合国秘书长说只要国际社会共同努力,很多事情都能完满解决。
英语中被动句的翻译方法
英语中被动句的翻译⽅法(1) 汉语中有被/由/叫/挨/让/给/受/遭等词时,可译成英语被动句.他常被派做这项⼯作. He is often sent to do this work.你叫⾬淋湿了. Have been wetted in the rain.这孩⼦昨天挨来了⼀顿批评. The boy was criticized yesterday.我们的⾐服给汗⽔湿透了. Our clothes were soaked with sweat.东西受潮了. The things have been affected with damp.他们去年遭了灾. They were hit by a natural calamity last year.(2) 不带标记的汉语被动句有些句⼦的主语不是动词的执⾏者,⽽是动作的承受者,结构上是主动的,但含义上确是被动的,英译时⽤被动句处理.历史是⼈民创造的. History is made by the people.这⾸歌是我⼀个朋友谱写的. The song was composed by a friend of mine.这个问题必须予以处理. This matter must be dealt with.这座桥将在今年年底建成.The construction of the bridge will be completed by the end of this year.(3) 汉语某些习语的译法:有些汉语习语,语态上是主动的,但英译时要⽤被动语态,特别是英语中以IT作形式主语的句式.应该说,基本情况是健康的. It should be said that the situation is basically sound.据报,敌⼈当时离那⾥只有⼗⾥.It is reported that the enemy were ten li away.很明显,这计划应当取消. It is obvious that the plan should be scrapped.据谣传,那场事故是由于玩忽职守⽽造成的. It is rumored that the accident was due to negligence.据了解这地⽅有丰富的⾃然资源. It is known that the area is rich in natural resources.有⼈认为 It is considered that-- 普遍认为 It is generally accepted that--据信 It is believed that-- 众所周知 It is well known that据悉 It is learned that 据推测 It is supposed that--据估计 It is estimated that 必须指出 It must be pointed out that可见 It will be seen that 不⽤说 It is understood that⽆可否认 It cannot be denied that 已经证明 It has been proved that可以肯定 It may be confirmed that 可以有把握地说 It may be safely said that⼈们有时会问 It is sometimes asked that ⼈们希望 It is expected that据说 It is said that据报道 It is reported that。
被动语态的翻译
被动语态的翻译英语中被动语态使用范围很广,凡是在不必或不愿说出或无从说出施动者以及为了便于连贯上下文或者为了强调动作的承受者等场合,往往都用被动语态。
英语被动句的翻译主要有以下几种情况:一、译成汉语主动旬。
1.原句中的主语、谓语不变,译文中没有表示被动的标志,如“被、把”字等,形式上是主动句,表达被动意义。
例如:On Practice has been translated into many foreign languages.《实践论》已译成许多国家的文字。
The whole country was armed in a few days.几天以内,全国就武装起来了。
2.原句中的主语移到谓语之后,译作宾语。
Another middle school has been set up in our district.我们区又办了一所中学。
1,200 people had been saved soldiers in the earthquake.在地震中,战士们已救出1200人。
3.译成带表语的主动句。
The decision to attack was not taken lightly.进攻的决定不是轻易作出的。
In the old society,women were looked down upon.在旧社会,妇女们是受歧视的。
4.含主语从句的被动句型译为主动句。
以it作形式主语的英语句子,翻译时常要转为主动形式,有时可加上“有人”、“大家”、“我们”等不确定主语。
例如:It is reported that the enemy has been breeding new strains of killer viruses.据报道敌人正在培育新的杀人病毒。
It is suggested that meeting be put off tillnext Monday。
有人建议会议推迟到下星期一举行。
Unit 8 课文翻译
Unit 8 课文翻译P59---3aWhen I first arrived on this island, I had nothing. But I’ve found the ship and made a small boat. I’ve brought back many things I can use---food and drinks, tools, knives and guns.Although I have lost everything, I have not lost my life. So I will not give up and I will wait for another ship.I have already cut down trees and built a house.I go out with my gun almost every day to kill animals and birds for food.I’m even learning to grow fruit and vegetables.当我第一次到达这个岛屿的时候,我一无所有。
但是我发现了这艘大船,然后做了艘小船。
我已经带回来了许多我能够用到的东西---食物,饮料,工具,刀,和枪。
尽管我已经失去了所有,但是我没有失去我的生命。
因此我将不会放弃,我会永远等待另外一艘船。
我已经砍了树,造了房子。
我每天出去几乎都带着我的枪去打动物和鸟来作为食物。
我甚至学习去种水果和蔬菜。
A few weeks ago, I found the marks of another man’s feet on the sand.Who else is on the island? How long have they been here?Not long after that, I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship.One of them died but the other ran towards my house.I helped him killed the cannibals.This man now lives with me and helps me.I named him Friday because that was the day I met him.He is smart and I have already taught him some English.一个星期以前,我发现了另外一个人在沙地上的足迹。
英汉被动句的互译
简析英汉被动句的互译摘要:被动句—当主语不是行为动作的发出者而是行为动作的承受者时,句子就含有被动意味了。
被动句表示的是一种被动语态,在英语中和汉语中都很常见。
因此,在两种语言的翻译中,把握好被动句的翻译很重要!本文简单介绍了英汉互译的几种情况!1汉语被动句的英译汉语的被动句,大体可分为两类:一是用助词“被”,“受”,“遭”,“给”,“叫”,“让”等为标记,表示较强的被动意义。
二是形式上是主动式,但意义上是被动式,即:意念上的汉语被动句。
主语是谓语动词的承受者。
这两类句子在译成英语时都要用被动语态。
当然,还有一些特殊情况,及汉语某些习语的译法。
1.1带有被动标记的汉语被动句这类句子,一般表示较强的被动意义,着重于被动的动作。
此类句子可以按照英语的惯常用法,相应地译成英语的被动句子。
用助词“被”,“受”,“遭”,“给”,“叫”,“让”等为标记。
例如:(1)“没有调查就没有发言权”这句话,虽然曾经被人讥为“狭隘经验论”的,我却至今不悔;……Although my assertion , “ No investigation , no right to speak ”, has been ridiculed as “ narrow empiricism ” , to this day I do not regret having made it ;……《毛泽东选集》三卷, 749页(2)在这里,可以听到最荒唐的新闻,如某处的大蜘蛛怎么成了精,受了雷击。
In the teahouses one could hear the most absurd stories , such as how in a certain place a huge spider had turned into a demon and was then struck by lighting .老舍《茶馆》(3)没有一个人把小草叫做“大力士”,但它的力量之大,的确是世界无比。
选修8英语u5课文翻译
选修8英语u5课文翻译选修8英语u5课文翻译英语翻译也是英语的必考题型之一,掌握相关的技巧很重要,下面是小编整理的选修8英语u5课文翻译,希望对你有帮助。
Unit1 加利福尼亚加利福尼亚是美国的第三大州,而且是人口最多的州。
加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州,它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。
这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。
当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史后,你就不会对此感到惊讶了。
美洲土著人最早的一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚地区的,谁也说不清楚。
然而,很可能至少在15 ,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。
科学家们认为,这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。
欧洲人在16世纪来到这儿后,土著人遭受了极大的苦难,成千上万的人被杀害或被迫成为奴隶。
此外,欧洲人带来了疾病,使许多人染病而死,不过,还是有一些人在经历了这些恐怖时期后活下来了。
今天住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。
西班牙人在18世纪的时候,加利福尼亚是由西班牙统治的西班牙士兵最早是在1 6世纪初期来到南美洲的,他们同土著人打仗,并夺去了他们的土地3两个世纪以后,西班牙人在南美洲的大部分地区定居下来,而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来c在首批移居加州的西班牙人中,大部分是宗教人士,他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。
1821年,墨西哥人从西班牙获得了独立-加利福尼亚于是成了墨西哥的一部分。
1846年美国向墨西哥宣战,美国赢得战争胜利后,墨西哥被迫把加利福尼亚割让给美国。
但是,这个州至今仍然保留着很强的西班牙的影响。
这就是为什么今天还有40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。
俄罗斯人19世纪初期,一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄罗斯猎人开始在加利福尼亚定居下来。
今天,住在圣弗朗西斯科(旧金山)及其周边地区的美籍俄罗斯人约有25,000人。
新视野大学英语(第三版)Unit 8_单词解释+例句
Unit 8TEXT ANew wordsgendern.[C, U] the fact of being male or female 性别Some research tells us that between ages two and five, children become aware of gender. 有研究告诉我们,孩子在2岁到5岁之间开始对性别有所认识。
variablen.[C] sth. that may be different in different situations, so that you cannot be sure what will happen 易变的事;可变因素With so many variables, the exact cost of this experiment is difficult to estimate. 有这么多可变因素,这项实验的确切成本难以估算。
a.likely to change often 易变的;多变的These charges and interest rates are variable and the Bank reserves the right to change them. 这些费用和利率是可变的,本银行保留更改的权利。
contradictionn.[C] a difference between two statements, beliefs, or ideas about sth. that means they cannot both be true 矛盾;不一致It is a contradiction to say you support him but would not vote for him in the election. 你说你支持他,但选举时又不会选他,这是自相矛盾的。
intimatea.having an extremely close friendship 亲密的;密切的Katie has been on intimate terms with Jane since college. 凯蒂从大学开始就和简关系亲密。
英语选修8 unit5词汇汉译英及课文翻译
Module 8Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors (词汇识记·汉译英)教案序号:39-40 备课人:审核人:2016/6/161.vt. 确认;识别;鉴别2.n. 可能的选择adj. 供选择的;其他的3.n. 考古学4.adj. 考古学的;与考古学有关的5.n. 考古学家6.n. 挨饿;饿死7.adj. 试探性的;不确定的8.n. 精确;准确9.vt. 挖掘;发掘10.n. 挖掘;发掘11.vt. & vi. 打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止12.adj. 有观察力的;敏锐的;严重的;深刻的13.vt. 假定;设想14.adv. 不管;不顾15.不管;不顾16.n. 席子;垫子17.n. 被子;棉被18.n. 野兽19.至多;最多20.n. 厘米21.vi. & vt. (使)锋利;尖锐;清晰22.n. 磨具;削具23.切碎24.vt. 擦净;削平;磨光25.n. 刮刀;刮削器26.adj. 足够的;充足的;富裕的27.adj. 凌乱的;脏的28.adj. 原始的;远古的;简陋的29.n. 小珠子;滴30.n. 植物学31.adj. 植物学的;与植物学有关的32.n. 分析33.n. 海贝壳34.vt. & vi. 使……成熟;成熟35.n. 种类;类别;范畴36.n. 意义;意思;重要性;重要意义37.adv. 以……方式;不知怎么地班级38.adj. 有系统的;有计划的;有条理的39.vt. 吐出(唾液、食物等)vi.吐痰40.vt. 删;删除41.n. 相册;集邮册;唱片42.n. (刮、抓、划的)痕迹;搔;挠vt. 搔;抓;擦伤;刮坏43.n. 学院;学会;学术团体;院校44.n. 接待员;招待员45.n. 洋葱46.n. 幼儿园47.n. 滑板48.受够了;饱受;厌烦49.n. 酸乳酷;酸奶50.adj. 放射性的;有辐射能的51.n. 放射性52.n. 分割;划分;分配;分界线53.n.(各种)瓜54.n. 皱纹55.vi. 强烈而有规律地跳动;搏动n.脉搏;节拍56.n. 血管;静脉姓名57.vi. & vt. 鼓掌欢迎;赞赏58.向前看;为将来打算59.vt. & vi. 嗥叫;叫喊;吼叫60.vi. & vt. 加速;促进61.n. 矛;枪62.vt. 逮捕;吸引n.逮捕;拘留63.adj.晕眩的;昏乱的;使人发晕或困惑的64.n. 眉毛65.n. 颧骨66.n. 箭头67.n. 斧;斧子68.n. 铁锤;锤子69.dj. 快乐的;欢快的70.adv. 快乐地;轻松地71.adj. 有技巧的;熟练的72.追溯到……73.n. 标点符号74.vt. & vi. 崇拜;敬奉n.崇拜;敬神75.n. 技艺;手艺;精工细作选修8 Unit 5 课文对照翻译Reading Two公元前一万八千年的一次盛宴拉拉担心她这次盛宴的准备工作,所以赶紧把坚果、甜瓜和其他水果收集起来就快步回家了。
研究生英语综合教程UNIT8课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)
UNIT81. In the last year, MOOCs have gotten a tremendous amount of publicity. Last November, the New York Times decided that 2012 was “the Year of the MOOC,” and columnists like David Brooks and Thomas Friedman have proclaimed ad nausea that the MOOC “revolution” is a “tsunami” that will soon transform higher education. As a Time cover article on MOOCs put it — in a rhetorical flourish that has become a truly dead cliché — “College is Dead. Long Live College!”2. Where is the hype coming from? On the one hand, higher education is ripe for “disruption” — to use Clayton Christensen’s theory of “disruptive innovation” — because there is a real, systemic crisis in higher education, one that offers no apparent or immanent solution. It’s hard to imagine how the status quo can survive if you extend current trends forward into the future: how does higher education as we know it continue if tuition fees and student debt continue to skyrocket while state funding continues to plunge? At what point does the system simply break down? Something has to give.3.At the same time, the speed at which an obscure form of non-credit-based online pedagogy has gone so massively mainstream demonstrates the level of investment that a variety of powerful people and institutions have made in it. The MOOC revolution, if it comes, will not be the result of a groundswell of dissatisfaction felicitously finding a technology that naturally solves problems, nor some version of the market’s invisible hand. It’s a tsunami powered by the interested speculation of interested parties in a particular industry. MOOCs are, and will be, big business, and the way that their makers see profitability at the end of the tunnel is what gives them their particular shape.4. After all, when the term itself was coined in 2008 — MOOC, for Massively Open Online Course — it described a rather different kind of project. Dave Cormier suggested the name for an experiment in open courseware that George Siemens and Stephen Downes were putting together at the University of Manitoba, a class of 25 students that was opened up to over 1,500 online participants. The tsunami that made land in 2012 bears almost no resemblance to that relatively small — and very differently organized — effort at a blended classroom.For Cormier, Siemens, and Downes, the first MOOC was part of a long-running engagement with connectivist principles of education, the idea that we learn best when we learn collaboratively, in networks, because the process of learning is less about acquiring new knowledge “content” than about building the social and neural connections that will 1. 去年,“大规模在线开放课程”得到了广泛的宣传。
英语被动句的翻译
英语被动句的翻译英语被动句的翻译1. The oil of the world will have been used up, and man will be using the more convenient power obtained from the splitting of the atom.全世界的⽯油将会⽤尽,⼈们将使⽤从原⼦裂变中获得的这种更为⽅便的动⼒。
2. Since the first test of the atomic bomb the world has learnt the atom can be split and its power can be used.⼈们从第⼀次原⼦弹的测试中知道了原⼦可以分裂,原⼦能可以使⽤。
3. A link-up of computers could mean that a large amount of information will be supplied to anyone who uses the system.将电脑连接起来意味着,使⽤该系统的⼈可以得到⼤量的信息。
4. The expansion of metals on heating must be taken into consideration before a long metal bridge is built.在建造⼀座⼤桥前,必须考虑到⾦属受热膨胀这⼀因素。
5. The Wright brothers were highly praised for having made the first flight in the world.莱特兄弟因为进⾏了世界第⼀次飞⾏⽽为⼈称道。
6. High voltage current is usually carried by overhead wire system so as to prevent living things being electrocuted.为了防⽌⼈畜触电,⾼压电⼀般采⽤⾼架线传送。
江苏专版牛津译林八年级下册Unit8知识点复习总结
江苏专版牛津译林八年级下册Unit8知识点复习总结译林版八下U8知识点总结1.I like digging in the garden.我喜欢在花园里挖坑。
解析:dig,动词,意为“挖(洞,沟等)”,现在分词为digging,过去式为dug,过去分词为dug。
如: ? Some children are digging in the garden.一些孩子正在花园里挖坑。
Last year they dug five channels.去年他们挖了五条隧道。
拓展:dig out意为“挖出;找出”; dig up意为“掘地;揭露”。
如: ? He had to dig the car out of the snow.他不得不把汽车从雪里挖出来。
2.Are you serious?你是认真的?解析:serious,形容词,意为“认真的,严肃的”,在句中作定语或表语。
固定结构be serious about (doing) sth. 意为“对(做)某事认真”。
其副词为seriously,意为“严肃地;认真地;严重地”。
如: ? Believe me. I'm serious.相信我。
我是认真的。
He looked serious as he entered the classroom.他进入教室时看上去很严肃。
拓展:serious作形容词,还表示“严重的;重要的”。
如: ? She has made a serious mistake but she doesn't realize it.她犯了一个严重的错误,但她还没有意识到。
3.We can reduce air pollution by riding bicycles.我们可以通过骑自行车减少空气污染解析:reduce,动词,意为“减少,降低”,指重量、数目、范围、速度等减少或降低。
固定结构: reduce to减少到;reduce by减少了。
英语翻译unit 5 主动变被动
众所周知,这些岛屿向来归中国管辖。 It is known to all that these islands have always been under Chinese jurisdiction.
练习题
很抱歉,因为雨太大了,参观博物 馆得推迟到明天了。 The visit to the museum has to be put off till tomorrow because of the heavy rain.
请给我们表演一个节目。
You are requested to give us a performance.
无主句译成英语被动句 首先要保证质量。
Quality must be guaranteed first.
应当坚定不移地执行计划生育的基本 国策。
Efforts should be made to firmly carry out the basic State policy of family planning.
为了加强上下文的连贯性 他出现在台上,观众给予热烈鼓掌。 He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience. 口试时,问了十个问题,她全都答对了。 She was asked ten questions in the oral exam and answered every one of them correctly.
All teachers and cadres of the Department are requested to meet in the conference room at 2:00 p.m. on Wednesday to listen to a speech.
备战英语专八--汉语常见句型翻译
第六章汉语常见句型翻译第一节汉语主动语态和被动语态的翻译所谓语态,是指“表示动词和与其相联的名词短语之间的关系。
两句话的语态可以不同,而基本意义相同。
然而二者强调的重点可能不一样。
”(理查兹等《郎曼语言学词典》1993:355)在翻译中,语态的选择受强调重点、语篇、语气、目的语的约束机制的制约。
一、汉语主动语态翻译成英语被动语态汉语多主动语态,英语多用被动语态。
所以,除了译为主动句以外,汉语的主动句在很多情况下要转译成英语的被动句。
概括起来,主要有以下几种情况:(一)强调受事,突出被动状态1) ―财神爷‖这个词,不是我的用语,是农民的发明。
(《邓小平文选》第三卷)That term, the ―gods of wealth‖, was invented not by me but by the peasants.2) 我国各族人民每年都要热烈庆祝十月一日的国庆节。
National Day is enthusiastically celebrated on Oct.1 by the Chinese people of all nationalities every year.3)中美已经建立了外交关系。
Diplomatic relations have been established between China and the United States of America.(二)使句子结构匀称,加强上下文的连贯性1) 他出现在台上,观众给予热烈鼓掌。
He appeared on the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.2) 口试时,问了十个问题,她全都答对了。
She was asked ten questions in the oral exam and answered every one of them correctly.(三)不知道或无须说出施事者1) 这种书是给儿童写的。
第8章 被动语态的翻译
•It must be dealt with at the appropriate time with appropriate means. •这件事必须在适当的时候用适当的手段予以处理。
•The teacher was satisfied with the answer. •老师对回答感到满意。 •I am told you are careless. •听说你很粗心大意。 •The long river is originated from that high mountain. •这条大河发源于那座高山。 •Steel and iron products are often coated lest they should rust. •钢铁制品常常涂上油漆以免生锈。 •Iron is extracted from the ore by smelting in the blast furnace. •铁是通过高炉冶炼从矿石中提取的。
All bodies on the earth are known to possess weight.
人们(都)知道,地球上的一切物质均具有und at his book in the reading room.
I was possessed by the very novelty of what I did. 我被自己所干的事的新鲜劲迷住了。 The laws of motion will be discussed in the next article. 运动定律将在下文中予以讨论。 The dog mustn’t be killed. 这狗不能杀。 The avenue is flanked by rows of new buildings. 马路两旁是一排排新建大楼。 Other processes will be discussed briefly. 其它方法将简单地加以讨论。
资料:Unit 8 课文详解及译文
Unit 8 课文详解及译文附录一Activity 1 译文佛朗哥:你不能在卧室或厨房里吸烟,但可以在客厅和花园里面吸。
晓燕:那么,我能带朋友回来吗?佛朗哥:当然可以,不过恐怕你们不能大声喧哗,(因为)邻居们都上年纪了。
你业余时间一般喜欢做什么?晓燕:嗯,我喜欢做饭。
我能用厨房的炊具吗?佛朗哥:能用。
你可以把你所有用品放到一个橱柜里。
你喜欢听音乐吗?晓燕:不,不怎么喜欢。
佛朗哥:那好,不过你可以用客厅的CD机。
晓燕:谢谢。
我可以用门厅的吗?佛朗哥:恐怕不行。
那是我工作用的传真机。
你可以用客厅的。
晓燕:好的。
我可以把自行车放在门厅吗?佛朗哥:当然可以。
晓燕:我可以粉刷我的房间吗?佛朗哥:可以,你想做什么都行。
你可以粉刷,贴招贴画……附录二Activity 1课文详解内容简介:Xiaoyan看过Mary的公寓后,决定租Franco的公寓。
Xiaoyan和Franco在Franco 的公寓里见面了。
我们来学习如何表述允许做某事及不允许做某事。
1. You can’t smoke in the bedroom or in the kitchen.你不能在卧室里或厨房里抽烟。
“can not do sth”表示不允许做某事,可以写成cannot或者can’t.类似结构:You can’t be noisy. 你不能大声喧哗。
2. But you can smoke in the living room or in the garden.但你可以在起居室或花园里抽烟。
情态动词can可以用在主语是第二、三人称的肯定句中,表示“允许”。
例如:You can go with me. 你可以和我一起去。
She can smoke in the garden. 她可以在花园里吸烟。
3. Can I bring friends back?我可以带朋友来吗?情态动词can还可用在主语是第一、第三人称的疑问句中,用以征求他人的同意。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
科技文章侧重描述和推理,强调客观准 确,所以谓语大量地采用被动语态,以 避免过多的使用第一、第二人称而引起 主观臆断的印象。英语和汉语都有被动 语态,但两种语言在运用和表达上不尽 相同。因此,翻译时必须对被动句做适 当的灵活处理。
被动句的翻译
1、英语中有些着重被动动作的被动句,为突 出其被动意义,可直接译为汉语的被动句,翻 译时最常见的方式是在谓语动词前加“被”。但 过多的使用同一个词会使译文缺乏文采,因而 应根据汉语习惯采用一些其他的方式表达被动 态,如可用:“由”、“给”、“受”、“加以”、 “把”、“使”等。如: The machine tools are controlled by PLC. 机床由可编程控制器控制。
被动句的翻译
The quartz crystal does not vibrate at certain frequency until the voltage is applied. 直到电压加上去以后,石英晶体才会以 某一频率振荡。 Recently some new kinds of steel have been developed in our country. 译:最近,我国研制出一些新钢。
被动句的翻译
People’s life has been improved greatly in recent years.
译:近年来人们的生活得到很大改善。
被动句的翻译
有些原句中没有行为主体,翻译时可增加适当 的主语使译文通顺流畅,如“人们”、“有人”、 “大家”、“我们”等。如: A few years ago it was thought unbelievable that the computer could have so high speed as well so small volume. 几年前人们还认为计算机具有如此高的运行速 度和如此小的体积是一件难以置信的事。
被动句的翻译
The molecules are held together by attractive forces. 译:分子由引力聚集在一起。 The speed of a generator is controlled by the prime move. 译:发电机的转速受原动机控制。
被动句的翻译
被动句的翻译
2、着重描述事物过程、性质和状态的英 语被动句,实际上与系统结构很相近, 往往可译成汉语的判断句,即将谓语动 词放在“是…的”之间的结构。如: This kind of device is much needed in the speed-regulating system. 这种装置在调速系统中是很需要的。
被动句的翻译
A body can be charged under certain condition. 译:在一定的条件下物体能够带电。 While a current is flowing through a wire ,the latter is being heated. 译:电流通过导线时,导线就发热。
被动句的翻译
3、英语的被动语态有时可改译成汉语的 主动语态。当原句中主语为无生命的名 词,而又由介词by引导的行为主体时, 可将原句的主语仍译为主语,按照汉语 习惯表述成主动句,因为汉语中很多情 况下,表达被动的含义通常不需要加“被” 字,而采用主动语态的形式,如果不顾 汉语习惯,强要加上“被”字表被动,有 时则会使译文看上去不像汉语。如:
被动句的翻译
With the steam engine coming into being ,human power was replaced by mechanical power. 译:随着蒸汽机的出现,机械力代替了 人力。 Copper is known to be a good conductor. 译:大家知道铜是良导体。
被动句的翻译
The first electห้องสมุดไป่ตู้onic computer was produced in our country in 1958. 译:1958年我国生产了第一台电子计算 机。
被动句的翻译
对于有些被动句,翻译时可将原主语译 成宾语,而把原行为主体的介词宾语译 成主语。如: Since numerical control was adopted at machine tools,the productivity has been raised greatly. 自从机床采用数控以来,生产率大大提 高了。
被动句的翻译
If a mouse is installed in a computer, then the available memory space for user will reduce. 译:如果计算机安装了鼠标,则用户可 利用内存空间就会减少。 The patient was connected to a television wave monitor. 译:病人的情况曾通过波形监视器监视。
Some plastics have been discovered by accident. 译:某些塑料是偶然发现的。 The frequency ,wave length and speed of sound are closely related. 译:声音的频率、波长和速度三者是密 切相关的。
被动句的翻译
Whenever work is being done ,energy is being converted from one form into another . 译:凡做功,都是把能从一种形式转换 成另一种形式。 Cutting tools should be inspected carefully before they are used. 译:刀具使用前应仔细检查。
被动句的翻译
Fuzzy control is found an effective way to control the systems without precise mathematic models. 人们发现,模糊控制是一种控制不具备 精确数学模型系统的有效方法。
被动句的翻译
4、当不需要或无法讲出动作的发出者时, 例如表明观点、要求、态度的被动句或 描述某地发生、存在、消失了某事物的 被动句,可将原句译为汉语的无主句, 把原句的主语译作宾语。如: What kind of device is needed to make the control system simple? 需要什么装置使控制系统简化?