立式单轴木工镂铣机设计

摘要

木工铣床-用高速旋转的铣刀将木料开槽、开榫和加工出成形面等的木工机床。木工铣床分为立式单轴木工铣床、木模铣床和镂铣机3种。

立式单轴木工铣床的刀具装在从固定工作台伸出的垂直铣刀轴上，铣刀轴可倾斜和上下调整。工件紧贴固定工作台面和导板由手动送进，也可使用导向辊和成形铣夹具进行侧面的成形铣削，还可将工件夹紧在活动工作台上加工榫头和端面。木模铣床的刀轴装在悬臂前部，可在垂直平面内转一角度。悬臂可在立柱上升降。工件夹紧在工作台上,可作纵向、横向和回转进给。木模铣床主要用于模型加工。

镂铣机的刀具主轴转速很高（达1万转／分以上）,工件和靠模（见仿形机床）重叠固定在夹具底板上。靠模绕工作台中心的定位销转动或移动时，铣刀即在工件上铣出相应的形状。工作台可升降和向前向后倾斜。20世纪70年代以后，数控（见数字控制机床）镂铣机发展很快，主要有转塔式和龙门式两种。前者的工作台作纵向和横向移动，将刀具的转塔头作上下运动。后者的主轴作横向和上下运动，工作台作纵向运动。镂铣机主要用于板料雕刻和成形表面的铣削。

镂铣机常见的有立式单轴木工镂铣机床，应用十分广泛，体积小，重量轻，可安装各种镂铣刀具，对工件进行倒角、截口开直槽、起线、拉桌滑道、开T

形槽等加工。立轴式木工铣床系列机床主要用于对木制品零件的平面，弯曲表面的刨光，倒角，起线，仿形等加工用途。本机床刀轴的旋转速度较高，通过转换接线方式，可以实现刀轴正转或逆向旋转以配合不同方向的切削刀具使用，根据实际情况，建议以8000r/min为机床的最高转速，有利于延长机床的使用寿命,是当今实木、板式家具生产首选机种。

关键词：传动；齿轮；CAD

Woodworking milling - cutter rotating (see woodworking tool) will be wood, tenonand slot machine woodworking machine forming surface etc.. Woodworking milling machine is divided into vertical axis milling machine woodworking, wood milling andengraving and milling machine 3.

Vertical axis milling machine woodworking (see photo) vertical milling cutter is arranged on the shaft extending from the fixed working table, the milling cutter axistilt and adjust up and down. The workpiece is fixed working table and a guide bymanual feeding, can also be a guide roller milling and milling fixture side, also canclamp the workpiece machining on the movable table tenon and end. Shaft is arranged in front of the cantilever wood milling machine tool, can turn an angle in the vertical plane. Cantilever lifting in the column. Clamping of the workpiece on the work table, can be used for vertical, horizontal and rotary feed. Wood milling machine is mainly used for model processing.

Engraving and milling machine tool spindle speed is very high (up to 20000 RPM),workpiece and profile (see copying machine) overlap is fixed on the fixture plate.The positioning pin profile around the center to rotate or move, milling cutter in theworkpiece and milling the corresponding shape. Working table lifting and tilting forward. In twentieth Century 70 years later (see digital control machine tools, CNCengraving and milling machine) is developing very fast, mainly has the turret and Longmen two. Table the move vertically and horizontally, the tool turret head to move up and down. The latter shaft horizontal and vertical movement, work tablevertical movement. Engraving and milling machine is mainly used for sheet metalforming surface engraving and milling.

Key words：Transmission; gear; cad

第一章绪论 ................................................................................................................

1.1 木工机械简述 (5)

1.2 木工机械的发展 (5)

1.3 设计任务书 (6)

第二章传动系统的设计

2.1 电动机类型选择 (8)

2. 2 选择电动机容量 (8)

2.3 计算各传动装置传动比 (8)

2.4 分配各级传动比 (8)

2.5 V带轮传动设计 (9)

2.6 直齿圆锥齿轮传动设计 (12)

第三章轴的设计

3.1 低速轴设计 (16)

3. 2 高速轴设计 (17)

3.3 轴的弯矩扭矩计算 (18)

3. 4 轴的强度检算 (20)

第四章键和轴承的选择

3.5 轴承的选择 (22)

3. 6 键的选择 (23)

设计总结 (24)

参考文献 (25)

致谢 (26)