本科段自考-高级英语上册(Lesson Two)
自考高级英语
自考高级英语Lesson Two EvelineLesson Two伊芙林 Eveline她坐在窗前，看着夜色袭上街头。
She sat at the window watching the evening invade the avenue.头倚在窗帘上，鼻孔里充斥着带灰尘的印花窗Her head was leaned against the window curtains,帘的味道。
她累了。
窗前很少有人过， and in her nostrils was the odour of dusty cretonne. She was tired. Few people passed.住在最后那座房子的人经过这里往家赶。
她听The man out of the last house passed on his way见水泥路上传来“踢踏”的脚步声，然后是踩在红home; she heard his footsteps clacking along the色新房子前的那条煤渣路上发出的“嘎吱”声。
concrete pavement and afterwards crunching on the cinder path before the new red houses.以前那儿曾是块空地，他们和别人家孩子们天One time there used to be a field there in which天晚上在那里玩。
they used to play every evening with otherpeople’s children.后来一位从贝尔法斯特来的男人买下了这块Then a man from Belfast bought the field and地，并建了座房子——不像他们住的那种灰灰的小built houses in it ----not like their little brown houses ,房子，而是明砖亮瓦房，还有闪亮的屋顶。
英语专业自考专升本—— 00600高级英语课后答案
高级英语课后答案上册Lesson One What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society?A1. 1) The author uses the two quotations to introduce the discussion and express his ideas aboutrock music and young culture heroes. 2) Yes, they are.2. The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstarsvery much, but the adults find these rock superstars are sick. These examples are used to show that young people and adults have totally different attitudes towards rock music.3. Irving Horowitz believes that rock music can express its time. He sees it as a debating forumwhere American society struggles to define and redefine its feelings and beliefs.4. When he appeared on the Ed. Sullivan Sunday night variety show in front of millions, a kind of“debate” took place. Most of the old people frowned while most of the young viewers applauded.5. Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety. The RollingStones demanded revolution.6. Apart from politics, the rock music dealt with a range of feelings and emotions.7. The rock superstars got applause, praise and money.8. No, he hasn’t. It is impossible for the author to give a complete answer in a short article. Heends his article with questions because he wants to leave the question to the readers and let them think.B1.他描述道：“贾格尔抓起半加仑水，沿着前台跑，边跑边把水洒向前几排酷热难耐的歌迷身上……”2. 你对这种赞美和英雄崇拜是怎样看的？3. 或者是由于他把你狂热的幻想表演出来了，你就不知不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑吸引？4. 一些社会学家认为，你对这些问题的回答，可以说明你在想什么，社会在想什么。
自考高级英语上册课文中英文对照
Lesson 2: Four Choices for Young People在毕业前不久，斯坦福大学四年级主席吉姆?宾司给我写了一封信，信中谈及他的一些不安。
Shortly before his graduation, Jim Binns, president of the senior class at Stanford University, wrote me about some of his misgivings.他写道：“与其他任何一代人相比，我们这一代人在看待成人世界时抱有更大的疑虑……同时越来越倾向于全盘否定成人世界。
”“More than any other generation,‖ he said, ―our generation views the adult world with great skepticism… there is also an increased tendency to reject completely that world.‖很明显，他的话代表了许多同龄人的看法。
Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries.在过去的几年里，我倾听过许多年轻人的谈话，他们有的还在大学读书，有的已经毕业，他们对于成人的世界同样感到不安。
During the last few years, I have listened to scores of young people, in college and out, who were just as nervous about the grown world.大致来说，他们的态度可归纳如下：“这个世界乱糟糟的，到处充满了不平等、贫困和战争。
对此该负责的大概应是那些管理这个世界的成年人吧。
如果他们不能做得比这些更好，他们又能拿什么来教育我们呢？这样的教导，我们根本不需要。
高级英语第二课Lesson Two Four Choices for Young People
Noble savage 高贵的野蛮人
• First appeared： John Dryden The Conquest of Granada
• First used by： Jean-Jacques Rousseau （1754-1762） Naturalright
Hallucinogens(Para.4) 幻觉剂
• the Allies and the Axis
Backgrounds
War in unfamiliar guise(Para.13)
Non-military war, unfamiliar forms. Such as the War on Poverty launched by President Lyndon Johnson in 1964.
Backgrounds
“The economic machinery had broken down almost everywhere...” (Para. 12) • The economic crisis in western countries in the 1930s
• The Great Depression in U.S.
Brief of the Article
• Youth disillusioned with “the adult world”
• Rebellion • Workable way to deal with problems • 3+1 good way of persuasion
Backgrounds
Backgrounds
Our discovery of the population explosion (Para.13)
自学考试综合英语二lesson2(上册)
◆ Yet, some people say that we are living in a new age .In this age heroes and heroines are rare, and heroism is only something people admire but do not practice. Heroic and noble conduct is a thing of the past.
◆ Consequently, bereft of cultural heroes, we have latched onto cultural icons — media superstars such as actors, actresses, sports celebrities, television personalities,
Heroes and Cultural Icons
Lesson Two
contents
◆ 1 Words & Expressions ◆ 2 Text Focuses & Difficulties ◆ 3 Exercises ◆ 4 Review & Homework
◆ If you were asked to list ten American heroes and heroines, you would probably name some or all of the following: George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, Daniel Boone, Martin Luther King Jr., Amelia Earhart, Susan B. Anthony, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Helen Keller, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Rosa Parks.
英语自考本科高级英语笔记-上册-Lesson_Two
Lesson Two Four Choices for Young People Words and ExpressionsText Explanation1president of the senior classsenior class here means 毕业班In America, freshman, sophomore, junior and senior is used to state the students in the first to fourth year in college.2the adult worldthe society run by adults3The world is in pretty much of a messThe world is in total disorder. To be in a mess: 处于杂乱，混乱的状态。
4…what have they got to teach our generation?They have got nothing to teach our generation.5That kind of lesson we can do without.We don't need that kind of instructions, for we can manage things by ourselves without them.6The relevant question for the arriving generation is not whether our society is imerfect ( We can take that for granted), but how to deal with it.not…but... means 不是…而是…。
Take something for granted means视某事为当然。
本科高级英语（2）
本科⾼级英语（2）《⾼级英语（2）》期末复习（⼀）考核⽬标本课程的考核⽬标主要体现在以下两个⽅⾯：1．语⾔知识语法与功能：学⽣应能基本掌握并恰当运⽤所学的基本语法知识和语⾔功能。
词汇知识：学⽣应能认知词汇4500~5500个（含⼊学前认知的词汇），并能正确⽽熟练地运⽤其中的2500~3500个及其最基本的搭配。
2．语⾔运⽤学⽣能够读懂与⽂字教材中课⽂难度相当的短⽂等；能够书写常⽤的应⽤⽂、记叙⽂与议论⽂。
（⼆）考核⽅式及计分⽅法本课程的考核采取两种形式：形成性考核和课程终结性考试。
课程总成绩为百分制，形成性考核占30%，课程终结性考试占70%。
课程终结性考试：内容包括教学⼤纲规定掌握的基本语⾔知识和技能。
形式为闭卷，笔试，满分为100分。
试卷分为四部分，第⼀部分为词汇与结构，占30分；第⼆部分为阅读理解，占30分；第三部分为完形填空，占10分；第四部分为写作，占30分。
（三）有关课程终结性考试说明1. 考试⽬的终结性考试是在形成性考核的基础上，对学⽣学习情况和学习效果进⾏的⼀次全⾯检测。
2. 命题原则第⼀，本课程的考试命题严格控制在教学⼤纲规定的教学内容和教学要求的第⼆，考试命题覆盖本课程教材的第⼀到⼗⼆单元，既全⾯，⼜突出重点。
第三，每份试卷所考的内容，覆盖本课程教材所学内容的80%以上。
第四，试题应难易适中，⼀般来讲，可分为：容易、适中、较难三个程度，所占⽐例⼤致为：容易占20%，适中占60%，较难占20%。
（四）课程考核的相关内容终结性考试难度按重点掌握、掌握、了解三个不同层次的要求出题。
其中重点掌握的内容约占70%，掌握的内容约占20%，了解的内容约占10%。
(五) 终结性考试试题类型及规范解答举例I.题型“⾼级英语（2）”终结性考试题型包括单项选择题、阅读理解题、完型填空题和写作题。
II．试题举例（⼀）单项选择题Vocabulary and GrammarChoose the best answer for each blank from the four choices given. Write your answer on the Answer Sheet.（2 points each，30 points in total）1. "1 was getting up when I heard a crash. " This sentence means: _________A. The noise woke me up.B. l'd just turned the alarm clock off.C. I made loud noise.D. I witnessed a car accident.2. One day_________ married.A. I'm gettingB. l'11 getC. 1 getD. I got3. Don't _________it for granted. It is totally different from what you think.A. takeC. askD. play4. _________ the light, she left the room.A. Turning offB. Turned offC. To turn offD. Turn off5. _________to the dentist, he felt much better.A. WasB. BeenC. BeingD. Having been6. I hurt my ankle _________ tennis.A. playedB. playingC. playD. to play7. l've had this bike for years: I don't want to_________A. part withB. part it withC. part with itD. it with part8. Don't let your brother boss you around: _________!A. stand up to himB. stand up him toC. stand to him upD. stand him up9. I wonder what qualifications you need to be a business _________A. analyzeB. analystC. analysisD. analyzing10. Many people are worried about the effect of_________ on local culture.A. globalC. globalizeD. globalization11.I'd have called an ambulance if I_________ my phone with me.A. haveB. hadC. would haveD. had had12. If Tony_________ me a lift on his bike , I always say …no'.A. offerB. would offerC. offeredD. offers13. Cherie seems quiet, but she can be very entertaining when the _________ takes her.A. moonB. starC. magicD. wine14. Hundreds of species are thought to be dying _________every day.A. downB. outC. offD. away15. This newspaper's full of photographs and advertising: there's_________ real newsA. very littleB. quite a fewC. so muchD. every参考答案：l. A 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. A 1.A: _________speak to the recruitment manager, please.B: I'm sorry, I'm afraid he's not in the office at the moment.A. I wonder if I couldB. I'm afraid I can't c. Do you think you could D. Thank you for2. This time tomorrow, we'll have handed in our assignments and _________in the park.A. we'11 be relaxingB. we're relaxingC. we' 11 relaxD. we relax3.Just _________ dirty dishes in the sink. I'11 wash them.A. talkB. take C .leave D. lose4. Why are you _________your lunch? Aren't you hungry?A. pigging outB. parting withC. picking atD. pointing out5. After they_________ dinner, they went out.A. finishB. are finishingC. have finishedD. had finished6. A: I really should go home now, or my name'll be mud. Are you with me?B, _________A: Oh, I mean I'll be very unpopular-I'm late! B. Are you with me? C. I am listening. D. Sorry, I'm not with you.7. I'm glad I saw that film, it really _________.A. cheered upB. cheered me upC. cheered up meD. me cheered up8. _________admit that most people are not interested in being informed.A. You decide toB. You have toC. The other hand toD. As far as I9. _________it. it's all about pure greed.A. The way I seeB. You have to sayC. Talk aboutD. As far as I see10. If Tony_________ me a lift on his bike, I always say…no'.A. offerB. would offerC. offeredD. offers11.I sometimes feel as if Toby isn't even aware of my _________A. existB. existenceC. existingD. existed12. Do we really have to fill in all these forms? It's so _________A. simpleB. appealingC. modernD. tiresome13. You look a bit _________. Maybe you should take some extra vitamins.A. worriedB. run-downC. confidentD. outraged14. Once the press find out his secret, he'll never live it_________.A. up B. on C. down D. of15. There are _________mistakes in this TV guide: I've found one on every page so far.A. quite a fewB. not too manyC. almost noD. very few参考答案：1. A 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A（⼆）阅读理解题（共两篇阅读材料，总计30分。
高级英语(上)英语专业(本科段)-全国高等教育自学考试指定教材王家湘 课后题及答案
高级英语(上)英语专业（本科段）-全国高等教育自学考试指定教材王家湘课后题及答案Lesson one Rock Superstars : What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ?ExercisesA. Answer the following questions on the text:1. what is the function of the two quotations ? Are theyappropriate ?2. What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples at the beginning of the article?3. According to Irving Horowitz , what is the sociological significance of rock music ?4. In what sense did Elvis Presley prove what Horowitz and Rundgren believed ?5. How did Bob Dylan , the Beatles , and the Rolling Stones differ from each other politically ?6. What other major subjects did rock music deal with apart from politics ?7. What rewards did rock superstars get ?8. Has the author given a complete answer to question he raises in the title? Why do you think theauthor ends the article the way he does ?Key A1. The author uses the two quotations to introduce his ideas . Yes , they are .2. The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstarsvery much , but the adults find they are sick , The examples show that young people and adults have atotally different attitudes towards rock music .3. Rock music can express its times . He sees it as a debating forum where American societystruggles to define and redefine its feeling and beliefs .4. When he appeared on the Ed . Sullivan Sunday night variety show ,a debate took place . The oldpeople frowned while the young viewers applauded.5. Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety . The RollingStones demanded revolution .6. Apart from politics , the rock music dealt with feelings and emotions.7. The rock superstars got applause , praise and money .8. No , he hasn‘t . He want s to leave the question to the readers and let them think .B Translate the following into Chinese :1. ―Jagger,‖ he said , ―grabs a half –gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinklingits contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners .2. How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?3. Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildestfantasies ?4. Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinkingand about what your society is thinking –in other words , where you and your society are .5. It‘s just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s .6. Feelings always a part of any musical statement were a major subject .7. This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to ―get away from itall , ― to ―go back to the old days .‖8. In one 1972 national opinion poll , more than 10 percent of the high school boys and 20 percent ofthe girls said their hero was a rock superstar.KeyB1他描述道:‖贾格尔拿着半加仑水, 顺着舞台前沿,边跑边把水洒向前排汗流浃背的歌迷身上.‖2. 你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜?3. 还是由于他把你狂热的幻想用行动表现出来,你神不知鬼不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑所吸引?4. 一些社会学家认为你对这些问题的回答,很能说明你在想什么,社会在想什么..换句话说, 可以说明你和社会的态度.5. 只不过艾尔维斯的演唱表现了50年代青少年那种沮丧的精神状态.6. 感情总是任何音乐表达的必要成分,也是一个重要议题.7. 霍罗威茨认为这种结合表达了听众欲‖摆脱现实一切‖/‖重归昔日‖的强烈愿望.9. 在1972年的一次全国民意测验中, 10%以上的高中男生,20%的女生表示他们心目中的英雄是超摇滚歌星.C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below,changingits form when necessary :Sprinkle swelter in other words lazy rather than reject act out idle worship reverence drive embody9. His paintings embody the spirit of the modern era .10. How do you act out your frustrations , by throwing glasses or something ?11. The peddler sprinkled some water over his vegetables to make them fresher and heavier.12. In such heated air ,the sweltering students could hardly keep their minds on their lessons .13. That‘s idle gossip . Don‘t listen to it .14. She sent in her application for the job , but was rejected as unqualified . 15. The salesman considered it safe to go along with the boss rather than to contradict him . 8. Everybody should have a sincere reverence /worship for the laws of his country .D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences : 1. The whole nation watched the two candidates (arguing , debating ) the issue of raising taxes on TV .2. It was a (proud , arrogant ) moment for my cousin when she shook hands with the President .3. Even if you (mix , blend ) oil and water , they will not (mix , blend ).4. Some people watch television so muchthat they cannot (conceive , imagine ) of living without it . 5. As it was an informal dinner , most people (wore ,were dressed ) in their comfortable clothes . 6. Do you think those young people are(idealistic ,ideal ) or pragmatic ? 7. Filled with great (adulation , admiration ) for their integrity and courage , he was determined to bea man like them .8. Deep at night , they could still hear gun-fire (rambling ,rumbling ) in the distance . E. Explain the underlined words in English :1. ―They think he is sick , sick , sick , ― Mike said .2. Newspaper editorialized against him .3. He poke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation .4. The Beatles … urged peace and piety …5. His most notable songs …while the lyrics celebrate the simplejoy …6. … these rock musicians mirror feelings and benefits ….7. Horowitz sees the rock music arena as …a place where ideas clash and crash . 8. What does he ---or any other current rock success ---tell us about his fans ? Key E1. disgusting2. Editors ? articles attacked and criticized him3. the confusions of the old people4. had a strong desire for peace and piety5. The words of the song praise the natural happiness of the old days .6. reflect emotions and outlooks7. a place where ideas come into opposition and contradict to each other8. other successful rock stars at presentF . Translate the following into English :摇滚乐于20世纪50年代末举起于美国. 它不仅是一种新型的音乐形式,更是美国的青年人表达他们对世界和人生看法的论坛. 在这个论坛上, 歌星们唱出了青年人对民权/战争与和平的态度,唱出了他们对社会的不满,也唱出了爱与恨之间的各种情感. 总之, 在这个论坛上, 青年人把他们对美国社会的信仰及情感给以全新的解释. 早期的摇滚乐的主要代表人物有艾尔维斯.普雷斯利,歌星加诗人鲍勃.狄伦/甲壳虫乐队以及滚石乐队等等.他们都是青年人崇拜的文化英雄.Key FRock music began in America in the late 1950‘s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forumfor the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life . In this forum , the stars sang out theattitudes of the youth towards civil rights , war and peace ,the disaffection of their society , and a rangeof emotions between love and hate . Allin all , in this forum , the American youth redefined the beliefsand feelings of their society . The typical representatives of the early rock music were Elvis Presley ,singer and poet Bob Dylan , the Bealtles , the rolling Stones and so on . They were the culture heroeswhom the young people worshipped .G. Write a short passage of 150—200words in English on the topic―Do you Agree that Rock Is theMusic of Teenage Rebellion ?:‖You should cover the following points :1 A general statement of your position ;2 Two or three arguments with a supporting example for each .Key GDo You Agree that Rock Is the Music of Teenage Rebellion ?Rock music began in America in the late 1950‘s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forumfor the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life .Music expressed its times . Rock music was a sociological expression rather than a musical force . Itembodied the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s. At that time young people might be dissatisfied withthe society or they had some hatred toward the adult world , butthey could not protest it openly . Sothey would use music as an outlet . Then they could get some balancein their minds .Another aspect is that the young people could make their ideas and beliefs known to the worldthrough music . By music , they could show their felling and dreams . So all in all , young peoplecombined invention and exaggeration ,reason and motion , word and sound , music and politics as awhole .Lesson Two Four Choices for Young PeopleA. Answer the following questions on the text :1. How do American young people look at the adult world in general ?2. What does ―drop out ― mean ? Why does the author say that the dropouts lead a parasiticway of life ?3. In What way are those who flee different from the dropouts ?4. Why is this solution no longer practical on a large scale ?5. What kind of young people tend to follow the strategy of armed revolution ?6. Why does the author say that the most unfortunate are those whose revolutions havesucceeded ?7. What are some of the new problems faced by the young people ?8. What is the fourth alternative ? Why does the author favor this alternative ?Key A1. They view the adult world with great skeptism .They think their world is in pretty much of a mess , full of injustice ,poverty and war .2. ―Drop out ―means its practioners escape the traditional way of life , refuse to take anyresponsibility and live a parasitic life . Because its practioners batten on the society which theyscorn and in which they refuse to take any responsibility .3. Those who flee are not parasites.They are willing to support themselves and to contributesomething to the general community .4. Because our planet is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes , except for thepolar regions , the frontiers are gone .5. The young people who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democraticprocess or who believe that basic institutions can only be changed by force tend to follow thisstrategy .6. Because they live in bitter disillusionment to see the establishment they have overthrownreplaced by a new one , just as hard –faced and stuffy .7. The unprecedent problems of an affluent society , of racial justice , of keeping our citiesfrom becoming uninhabitable, of coping with war in unfamiliar guises , and of populationexplosion .8. The fourth alternative is to try to change the worldgradually .Because it offers a betterchance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any other available strategy ..B. Translate the following into Chinese :1. Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries .2. During the last few years , I have listened to scores of young people ,in college and out ,who were just as nervous about the grown –up world .3. They are willing to support themselves and to contribute something to the generalcommunity , but they simply don‘t like the environment of civilization ;that is ,the city , with all its ugliness and tension .4. A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life .5. To them it offers a romantic appeal ,usually symbolized by some dashing and charismaticfigure.6. For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of ,cleansed of all human meanness .7. The revolutionary state , under whatever political label , has to be run –not by violentromantics –but by experts in marketing , sanitary engineering , and the management ofbureaucracies.8. About all that can be said for it is that it sometimes works –that in this particular time and place it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any otheravailable strategy .Key B1. 很显然他所说的代表了许多同龄人的想法.2. 在过去的几年中, 我听到过许多大学内外的年轻人的谈话, 对于成人世界,他们也有同感.3. 他们愿意自食其力,并对社会大众做些贡献.他们不喜欢文明的环境,也就是说, 不喜欢那种丑恶/紧张的城市生活.4. 一些极富有的乡绅可以回到农村的田园生活.5. 对他们来说,这有一种浪漫/传奇的色彩,通常是以某个有闯劲/魅力超凡的人物为代表的.6. 即使革命成功,胜利的曙光也不会照在光灿灿的/梦想的/消除了人类一切自私的新世界上.7. 革命的机器,无论贴上什么样的政治标签,还得由市场销售/卫生工程/官僚机构的行家们来操作,而不是由那些极端的浪漫主义者们去操作.8. 这种方法的惟一优点是, 它有时真的有效,--在一个特定的时间和地点, 与其它可选的方法相比,它可以更好地改善世界上的倒行逆施行为.C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below ,changing its form when necessary :Strike run out of cleanse disappoint insoluble unprecedent satisfy virtual contribute availablesymbolize vehement1. For many Americans , it is their lifelong dream to buy a satisfying /satisfactory two-storied house with a garden .2. To make Beijing our worthy capital , we must get it cleansed of polluted air , among other things .3.In a lot of cultures , red roses are used to symbolize love .4.Unfortunately , their car ran out of fuel , just ten miles shortof Chicago .5. An unprecedented event in history took place in 1969 , when two American astronautslanded for the first time on the Moon .6. The detective finally gave up , declaring the mystery insoluble .7. Though high-sounding , his speech struck everyone at the meeting as totally irrelevant towhat was discussed .9. If you travel by plane , Beijing and Guangzhou are virtually neighboring cities . D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the followingsentences :1. The professor looked over our papers with a hasty (sight ,glance ). 2. Before ordering their dinner , they considered the (relevant , relative ) merits of chicken androast beef .3. The little boy‘s constant noise (exhilarated , exasperated ) his father , who was busy writinga paper for a symposium .4. Isn‘t it (wholesome, noisome )to live in a city with so many vehicles passing day andnight ?5. He was born in a small town (lived , inhabited ) by about 500 people .6. Her desk was all (jumbled , cluttered ) with old papers , strings , and other odds and ends .7. He thinks they are extremely (idealistic , ideal ) , for all their pragmatism .8. She made one last (attraction , appeal ) to her father for permission to go to the party .E. Explain the underlined words in English :1….who were just as nervous about the grown-up world .2. Unlike the dropouts , they are not parasites .3. This strategy also has ancient antecedents .4. …that is , the city , with all its ugliness and tension .5. For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of ….6. At first glance , this course is far from inviting .7. …it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any otheravailable strategy .8. …another one looms just ahead .Key E1. They are doubtful and critical about the way the older generation is running the world .2. They don‘t ba tten on the society . They support themselves .3. This strategy is not new . We had similar ones in the old times .4. The city is ugly and full of pressures .5. Their success doesn‘t bring about a new world .6. This strategy is not attractive .7. Compared with other strategies , it can change the world for the better . It can stop some ofthe world ?s violence or crulty .8. Another problem appears before them .F. Translate the following into English :60年代的美国青年是反叛的一代. 他们看到美国这个富裕社会充满了贫困/不平等和虚伪.他们不再相信这个不属于他们的成人社会, 拒绝信奉它的信仰和价值观. 很多青年人积极投入到反对贫困/反对种族歧视和反对越南战争的斗争中去 ,有些青年人甚至试图以武装革命的方式推翻这个社会. 还有很多青年人以消极的方式表示他们的不满. 他们吸毒,过着不承担任何社会责任的寄生生活, 或者跑到未开垦的乡村去, 过着原始公社式的生活.Key FThe American young people in 1960‘s were a generation of rebellion . They found that theaffluent American society was filled with poverty , injustice and gypocrisy . They didn‘t trust theadult world that didn‘t belong to them and refused to take their beliefs and values . Many youngpeople took active part in the struggle which protested against poverty , racial discrimination andVietnam War . Some young people even tried to overthrow this worldby armed revolution. Manyother young took passive ways to show their disaffections . Theytook drugs , refused to take anyresponsibilities and lived a parasitic way of life . Or they escaped to the frontiers and lived aprimitive way of life .G. Write a short passage of 150-200 words in English on the topic―My Comment on theFourth Choice .‖You should cover the following points :!.what the fourth choice is ;2.What you agree on with the author and reasons for your agreement ;3.What you disagree on with the author , if any , and your explanation .My Comment on the Fourth ChoiceThe fourth comment is to change the world gradually , one clod at a time . Maybe at the firstglance it is not inviting . It lacks glamour . It has no quickresult . It demands patience . It dependson the exasperating and uncertain instruments of persuasion and democratic decision making .I think the author is right . Reforming the world is a little like fighting a military campaign in the Apennines , as soon as you capture one mountain range, another one looms just ahead . The problems are the same , too. Once some problemsare brought under some kind of rough control , new problems take place . So we can‘t solve all the problems at a time .We have to deal with one problem each time and change the world gradually and steadily . So problems can be handledin the same way that hard problems have been coped with before –piecemeal , pragmatically ,by the dogged efforts of many people . so I think in this particular time and place the fourth choice offers a better chance for remedying some ofthe world ?s outrages than any other available starategy .Lesson Three The Use of ForceBy William Carlos WilliamsA. Answer the following questions on the text :1. why wasn‘t the sick child in bed ?2. why were the girl‘s parents eyeing the doctor up and down distrustfully ?3. What made the girl refuse to open her mouth to the doctor ?4. Why did the doctor insist on examining her throat ?5. Why was the doctor not able to see her throat since he already had the woodentongue depressor into her mouth ?6. How did the doctor finally get see the girl‘s throat ?7. Did the girl‘s physical beauty have anything to do with the outcome of theincident ?Explain .8. Can you find any fault with the doctor‘s behavior?Key A,1. Because it was damp there .2. Because they were the new patients to him and they were nervous .3. She didn‘t want others to know that her tonsils were coveredwith membrane.4. Because the doctor took a trial shot that the girl might have diphtheria.5. Because she gripped the wooden blade between her molars anddidn‘t open her mouth to let the doctor have a look .6. The doctor overpowered the child‘s neck and jaws , forced the heavy silverspoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged .7. Yes , it did . Because she was very beautiful and didn‘t want others to know her shortcomings . She thought tonsils covered with membrane were ugly .8. Yes . The doctor grasped the child‘s head and tried to get the wooden tonguedepressor between her teeth . He had grown furious at the child . He could have tornthe child apart and enjoyed it .B. Translate the following into Chinese :1. When I arrived I was met by the mother , a big startled looking woman , veryclean and apologetic who merely said , Is this the doctor?And let me in .2. He tried to get up , but I motioned for him not to bother , tookoff my overcoatand started to look things over .3. As often , in such cases , they weren‘t telling me more thanthey had to , it wasup to me to tell them .4. I smiled in my best professional manner and asking for thechild‘s first name I said , come on , Mathilda, …5. At that I ground my teeth in disgust . If only they wouldn‘t use the word ―hurt―I might be able to get somewhere .6. In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject , crushed , exhaustedwhile she surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury ofeffort bred of her terrorof me .7. …she opened up for an instant but before I could see any thingshe came downagain and gripped the wooden blade between her molars she reduced it to splintersbefore I could get it out again .8. The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy , one says toone‘s self at such times .Key B1. 我到她家时先遇到她的母亲, 她一副惊讶/害怕的表情. 她穿着很干净, 只是礼貌地说, 您是医生吗?就让我进去了.2. 他试图站起来, 我示意他不要麻烦,脱去外套, 开始检查.3. 像往常一样, 在这种情况下, 他们不会告诉我更多的情况, 而是理应由我来告诉他们.4. 我尽量露出我的职业微笑,询问小女孩的名字.我说,过来,玛蒂尔…5. 此时我已厌恶地咬牙切齿,要不是他们使用‖伤害‖这个词,我可能早就采取行动了.6. 在接下来的斗争中,他们变得越来越可怜,被制服,甚至精疲力竭,而小女孩由于害怕我而产生的狂怒却达到了顶点.7. 她的嘴张开了一下, 我还没有来的及看清楚,她又闭上了嘴.,紧紧地用臼齿咬住木刃.我还没有来的及将它拔出,,她已把它咬成了碎片.8. 那个可恶的小家伙很愚蠢,但我应当保护她, 此时我对自己这样说.B. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the boxbelow , changing its form when necessary :Apologetic motion apprehension distrustful profusion admonish terrifying coaxcontemptible ensue desist overpower1. They heard of the traffic accident and immediately rushed to the hospital , fullof apprehensions about the safety of the passengers .2. The terrifying explosion occurred early in the morning .3. As he entered the newly decorated building , an overpoweringsmell of paint made him feel quite sick .4. The old man yelled over and over again ―stop thief ,stopthief !‖ But nobody didanything . The indifference of the onlookers was reallycontemptible .5. The police motioned for the crowd to move on to the next street .6. In Kunming , flowers grow in great profusion all the year round .7. The fans shouted and clapped so loudly that in the ensuing confusion nobody could hear a thing .8. The boys were frightened , but the police managed to coax theminto telling him what they had seen that night .A. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the followingsentences :1. The girl looked at the doctor (terrifyingly , terrified ).2. ―If you finish all the homework tonight , we‘ll go for a picnic tomorrow , ― he(admonished ,coaxed).3. He thought their behavior was (contemptuous ,contemptible ),but he didn‘t say anything in front of the host .4. Summoned by the boss , he approached his office full of (apprehension ,distrust ).5. He was sincerely sorry for what happened at the party , so people accepted his(excuse ,apology ).6. They were walking in the forest when they heard a(terrifying ,terrific )roar which made their blood freeze .7. Obviously they were getting nowhere with the meeting , so he decided to (desist ,resist )from making a final decision that afternoon .8. ―How can you say that you don‘t want to see yourgrandmother ?‖the father(admonished ,coaxed ).E. Explain the underlined words in English :1…very clean and apologetic…2…it was up to me to tell them ;…3.And there‘s been a lot of sickness around .4.Nothing doing .5.I‘m here to look at her throat on the chance that she might have diphtheria …6.We‘re going through with this .7…I too had got beyond reason.8.My face was burning with it .Key E1. polite2. It was my duty …There has been a lot of sick people near our home .4. She did nothing . There was no action .3.5. probably , possibly6. We‘ll continue to the end .7. became unreasonable8. pleasure and enjoymentF.Translate the following into English :玛蒂尔达病了三天了,母亲给她吃了药也不见好, 只好请来了医生.由于玛蒂尔达的学校里有学生患白喉,而且已经有两个孩子死去,医生到奥尔逊家后首先要检查玛蒂尔达的喉咙.但是无论怎么劝,她就是不肯张开嘴,于是医生只得用压舌板伸进她的嘴里. 然而玛蒂尔达竟然把压舌板咬碎了.为了保护玛蒂尔达本人及其他的儿童,医生必须弄清玛蒂尔达是否患了白喉,以便给予及时的治疗.于是他让玛蒂尔达的父亲抓紧她的手腕,自己用力掰开了玛蒂尔达的嘴,发现她果然得了白喉.这个故事使我们想到这样一个问题,生活中有的事不能全靠自愿,在有的情况下, 一定的强迫似乎是必要的.Key F.Mathilda had been ill for three days . Her mother had given her some medicine, but it didn‘tdo any good . So they had to ask the doctor to come . There had been a number of cases ofdiphtheria in Mathilda‘s school and two of them had been dead . When the doctor arrived at Olson‘s home , he wanted to examineMthilda‘s throat first . But no matter how he coaxed ,,She wouldn‘t open her mouth . So the doctor had to get the tongue depressor into her mouth . ButMathilda reduced it to splinters . In order to protect Mathilda herself and other children , thedoctor had to make sure whether she had diphtheria or not , so that he could treat her in time .Letting Mathilda ?s father hold her wrists he tried his best to open her mouth and found she reallyhad diphtheria. This story made us can think such a question that something in life can‘t onlydepend on self willingness . Under some circumstances , certain force seems necessary .G. Write a short passage of 150-200words in English on the topic―Comment on the Doctor‘s Behavior . ―You should covre the following points :1.Why he wanted to examine the girl‘s throat ;2. how he tried to coax her to open her mouth ;3. what made him decide to use force to see her throat ;your opinion of the doctor‘s behavior .Key G.ment on the Doctor‘s BehaviorAfter the doctor arrived at the girl‘s home , he wanted to see h er throat . As there had been anumber of cases of diphtheria in the school to which the girl went during that month , the doctoralso thought that of the girl . So he smiled to the girl and askedher to open her mouth and let himhave a look at her throat . No matter how the doctor coaxed , thegirl shut her mouth firmly .Thinking that the girl might have diphtheria and possibly die of it , the doctor decided to useforce to open her mouth . He had seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect in suchcases . He felt that he must get a diagnosis now . So he grasped the girl‘s head with his left handand tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth . But when the doctor got thewooden spatula behind her last teeth . She gripped the blade between her molars and reduced it tosplinters . In the final unreasoning assault the doctor outerpowered the girl . He forced the heavysilver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged . Her both tonsils were coveredwith membrane.From that the doctor had done , I thought he was a responsible person . In order to save the lives of the patients ,especially those children who did not know how to co-operate with the doctor ,he had to take some measure .Otherwise a good or suitable time of treatment would be missed .Lesson Four Die as You ChooseA.Answer the following questions on the text :1. Is euthanasia openly practiced in Holland ?2. Why did the doctors in the U.S.sometimes secretly practice euthanasia withoutconsulting the dying patients ?3. What is the difference between passive euthanasia and active euthanasia ?Doyou think they make any difference ?4. What is a ―living-will ―?5. Did Hippocrates prohibit euthanasia ?Did most ancient Greek doctors andthinkers agree with his ban ?What did the author want to tell the reader by presentingthis historical fact ?6. What is the danger involved if euthanasia is legalized ?7. Why did the author say that West Germany will not be able to legalize any formof euthanasia for a long time to come ?8. What is the author‘s view on euthanasia ?Key A1. Yes, it is .2. Because they could rarely discuss euthanasia openly with patients and voluntaryeuthanasia was taboo , the doctor had to make the decision himself .3. Passive euthanasia means the doctor lets the patient die without giving him anytreatment on his own request . Active euthanasia means the doctorkill the patient bygiving him an injection or enough painkillers . No, I don‘t think they make anydifference.4. ―Living will ―is a will made by a person when he is living that he does not wantlife prolonged when he is dying .5. Yes , he did .No, they didn‘t .The author wanted to explain that when in ancient Greece doctors and thinkers。
高级英语精读(二)
高等教育自学考试旅游英语（050222）本科专业高级英语精读(二)（01258）自学考试大纲黑龙江大学外语教学研究部目录编写前言编写说明一、课程性质和学习目的1、本课程的性质2、本课程设置的目的3、总体课程教学要求4、本课程与其它专业课程的关系5、学时安排二、自学考试大纲有关说明和实施要求1、考纲与教材关系2、考核目标3、命题原则4、学习要求5、自学教材6、自学方法7、社会助学8、本课程训练内容及方法三、课程内容和考核目标Lesson One: What’s Wrong with Our Press?Lesson Two: What to Listen for in MusicLesson Three: EvelineLesson Four: The Tragedy of Old Age in America Lesson Five: The Spanish BullfightLesson Six: Jerusalem the Golden (Excerpt)Lesson Seven: Science Has Spoiled My Supper Lesson Eight: I’ll Never Escape the GhettoLesson Nine: VivisectionLesson Ten: On Human nature and PoliticsLesson Eleven: Is America Falling Apart?Lesson Twelve: The Everlasting WitnessLesson Thirteen: Ace in the HoleLesson Fourteen:Selected Snobberies Lesson Fifteen: Three-Dimensional Youth四、样题及参考答案编写前言为了适应社会主义现代化建设事业对培养人才的需要，我国20世纪80年代初建立了高等教育自学考试制度，经过近20年的发展，高等教育自学考试已成为我国高等教育基本制度之一。
《高级英语(上)》lesson two
《高级英语(上)》Lesson TwoFour Choices for Young PeopleWord and Expressions P.20antecedent n. 先例，前身；祖先You have sufficient reason for affirming the antecedent.你有充分的理由肯定先例。
batten on 靠……养肥；靠……而兴旺The capitalists batten on the blood of the workers.资本家靠榨取工人的血汗来养肥自己。
charismatic adj. 有超凡魅力的Like all truly charismatic people, he can work his magic on both men and wo men.像所有真正富有魅力的人一样，他让男人和女人都很着迷。
charisma n. 魅力；神授的能力；非凡的领导力The President has great personal charisma.总统具有超凡的个人魅力。
cleanse v. 使清洁，清洗；清理Right after your last cigarette, your body will begin to cleanse itself of tobacc o toxins.在最后一根香烟后，你的身体将马上开始清除烟草毒素。
disillusionment n. 幻灭；醒悟There is widespread disillusionment with the present government.人们对现政府普遍感到失望。
illusion n. 错觉，幻觉；幻想，错误的观念disillusion v. 使醒悟，使不再抱幻想n. 幻灭，失望dwindling 减少;变小;退化In some parts of the world, populations of big trees are dwindling because th eir seedlings cannot survive or grow.在世界上的一些地方，大树的数量正在减少，因为它们的幼苗无法存活或生长。
自考英语本科《高级英语》考点精析
考点精析Lesson one Rock Superstars : What do they tell us about ourselves and our society ?＃Sprinkling its contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners。
sprinkle v。
to scatter in drops or small grains 喷/洒/撒eg: Sprinkle sand along the icy path . 把沙子撒在冰封的路上。
＃They surge to follow him , eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops .surge v。
to move ，esp.forward ，in or like powerful waves 汹涌，澎湃eg：The crowd surged past him 。
人潮从他身边汹涌而过。
n。
strong，wavelike ，forward movement 波涛,巨浪eg: The surge crashed against the coast .汹涌的波涛拍打着海岸。
# How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?adulation n. praise that is more than necessary or deserved 奉承,谄媚eg: He received many adulations from his colleagues 。
他受到许多同事的奉承.adulate v。
praise more than is truthful to win favor 奉承，逢迎eg：The leader are easily adulated . 领导容易受逢迎.＃Do you share Chris Singer’s almost religious reverence for Bob Dylan ？reverence n. great respect 尊敬，崇敬eg：They show great reverence to him 。
高级英语Lesson_2_（BooK_2）_Marrakech_课文内容
MarrakechGeorge Orwell1 As the corpse went past the flies left the restaurant table ina cloud and rushed after it, but they came back a few minutes later.2 The little crowd of mourners -- all men and boys, nowomen--threaded their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, walling a short chant over and over again. What really appeals to the flies is that the corpses here are never put into coffins, they are merely wrapped in a piece of rag and carried on a rough wooden bier on the shoulders of four friends. When the friends get to the burying-ground they hack an oblong hole a foot or two deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like broken brick. No gravestone, no name, no identifying mark of any kind. Theburying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. After a month or two no one can even be certain where his own relatives are buried.3 When you walk through a town like this -- two hundred thousand inhabitants of whom at least twenty thousand own literally nothing except the rags they stand up in-- when you see how the people live, and still more how easily they die, it is always difficult to believe that you are walking among human beings. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact. The people have brown faces--besides, there are so many of them! Are they really the same flesh as your self? Do they even have names? Or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated brown stuff, about as individual as bees or coral insects? They rise out of the earth，they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone. And even the graves themselves soon fade back into the soil. Sometimes, out for a walk as you break your way through the prickly pear, you notice that it is rather bumpy underfoot, and only a certain regularity in the bumps tells you that you are walking over skeletons.4 I was feeding one of the gazelles in the public gardens.5 Gazelles are almost the only animals that look good to eat when they are still alive, in fact, one can hardly look at their hindquarters without thinking of a mint sauce. The gazelle I was feeding seemed to know that this thought was in my mind, for though it took the piece of bread I was holding out it obviously did not likeme. It nibbled nibbled rapidly at the bread, then lowered its head and tried to butt me, then took another nibble and then butted again. Probably its idea was that if it could drive me away the bread would somehow remain hanging in mid-air.6 An Arab navvy working on the path nearby lowered his heavy hoe and sidled slowly towards us. He looked from the gazelle to the bread and from the bread to the gazelle, with a sort of quiet amazement, as though he had never seen anything quite like this before. Finally he said shyly in French: "1 could eat some of that bread."7 I tore off a piece and he stowed it gratefully in some secret place under his rags. This man is an employee of the municipality.8 When you go through the Jewish Quarters you gather some idea of what the medieval ghettoes were probably like. Under their Moorish Moorish rulers the Jews were only allowed to own land in certain restricted areas, and after centuries of this kind of treatment they have ceased to bother about overcrowding. Many of the streets are a good deal less than six feet wide, the houses are completely windowless, and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies. Down the centre of the street there is generally running a little river of urine.9 In the bazaar huge families of Jews, all dressed in the long black robe and little black skull-cap, are working in dark fly-infested booths that look like caves. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chairlegs at lightning speed. He works the lathe with a bow in his right hand and guides the chisel with his left foot, and thanks to a lifetime of sitting in this position his left leg is warped out of shape. At his side his grandson, aged six, is already starting on the simpler parts of the job.10 I was just passing the coppersmiths' booths when somebody noticed that I was lighting a cigarette. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews, many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards, all clamouring for a cigarette. Even a blind man somewhere at the back of one of the booths heard a rumour of cigarettes and came crawling out, groping in the air with his hand. In about a minute I had used up the whole packet. None of these people, I suppose, works less than twelve hours a day, and every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury.11 As the Jews live in self-contained communities they follow the same trades as the Arabs, except for agriculture. Fruitsellers, potters, silversmiths, blacksmiths, butchers, leather-workers, tailors,water-carriers, beggars, porters -- whichever way you look you see nothing but Jews. As a matter of fact there are thirteen thousand ofthem, all living in the space of a few acres. A good job Hitlet wasn't here. Perhaps he was on his way, however. You hear the usual dark rumours about Jews, not only from the Arabs but from the poorer Europeans.12 "Yes vieux mon vieux, they took my job away from me and gave it to a Jew. The Jews! They' re the real rulers of this country, you know. They’ve got all the money. They control the banks, finance -- everything."13 "But", I said, "isn't it a fact that the average Jew is a labourer working for about a penny an hour?"14 "Ah, that's only for show! They' re all money lenders really. They' re cunning, the Jews."15 In just the same way, a couple of hundred years ago, poor old women used to be burned for witchcraft when they could not even work enough magic to get themselves a square meal. square meal16 All people who work with their hands are partly invisible, and the more important the work they do, the less visible they are. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous. In northern Europe, when you see a labourer ploughing a field, you probably give him a second glance. In a hot country, anywhere south of Gibraltar or east of Suez, the chances are that you don't even see him. I have noticed this again and again. In a tropical landscape one's eye takes in everything except the human beings. It takes in the dried-up soil, the prickly pear, the palm tree and the distant mountain, but it always misses the peasant hoeing at his patch. He is the same colour as the earth, and a great deal less interesting to look at.17 It is only because of this that the starved countries of Asia and Africa are accepted as tourist resorts. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas. But where the human beings have brown skins their poverty is simply not noticed. What does Morocco mean to a Frenchman? An orange grove or a job in Government service. Or to an Englishman? Camels, castles, palm trees, Foreign Legionnaires, brass trays, and bandits. One could probably live there for years without noticing that for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil.18 Most of Morocco is so desolate that no wild animal bigger than a hare can live on it. Huge areas which were once covered with forest have turned into a treeless waste where the soil is exactly like broken-up brick. Nevertheless a good deal of it is cultivated, with frightful labour. Everything is done by hand. Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls, work their way slowly across the fields, tearing up the prickly weeds with their hands, and the peasant gathering lucerne for fodder pulls it up stalk by stalk instead ofreaping it, thus saving an inch or two on each stalk. The plough is a wretched wooden thing, so frail that one can easily carry it on one's shoulder, and fitted underneath with a rough iron spike which stirs the soil to a depth of about four inches. This is as much as the strength of the animals is equal to. It is usual to plough with a cow and a donkey yoked together. Two donkeys would not be quite strong enough, but on the other hand two cows would cost a little more to feed. The peasants possess no narrows, they merely plough the soil several times over in different directions, finally leaving it in rough furrows, after which the whole field has to be shaped with hoes into small oblong patches to conserve water. Except for a day or two after the rare rainstorms there is never enough water. A long the edges of the fields channels are hacked out to a depth of thirty or forty feet to get at the tiny trickles which run through the subsoil.19 Every afternoon a file of very old women passes down the road outside my house, each carrying a load of firewood. All of them are mummified with age and the sun, and all of them are tiny. It seems to be generally the case in primitive communities that the women, when they get beyond a certain age, shrink to the size of children. One day poor creature who could not have been more than four feet tall crept past me under a vast load of wood. I stopped her and put a five-sou sou piece ( a little more than a farthing into her hand. She answered with a shrill wail, almost a scream, which was partly gratitude but mainly surprise. I suppose that from her point of view, by taking any notice of her, I seemed almost to be violating a law of nature. She accept- ed her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden. When a family is travelling it is quite usual to see a father and a grown-up son riding ahead on donkeys, and an old woman following on foot, carrying the baggage.20 But what is strange about these people is their invisibility. For several weeks, always at about the same time of day, the file of old women had hobbled past the house with their firewood, and though they had registered themselves on my eyeballs I cannot truly say that I had seen them. Firewood was passing -- that was how I saw it. It was only that one day I happened to be walking behind them, and the curious up-and-down motion of a load of wood drew my attention to the human being beneath it. Then for the first time I noticed the poor old earth-coloured bodies, bodies reduced to bones and leathery skin, bent double under the crushing weight. Yet I suppose I had not been five minutes on Moroccan soil before I noticed the overloading of the donkeys and was infuriated by it. There is no question that the donkeys are damnably treated. The Moroccan donkey is hardly bigger than a St. Bernard dog, it carries a load which in the British Army would be considered too much for a fifteen-hands mule, andvery often its packsaddle is not taken off its back for weeks together. But what is peculiarly pitiful is that it is the most willing creature on earth, it follows its master like a dog and does not need either bridle or halter . After a dozen years of devoted work it suddenly drops dead, whereupon its master tips it into the ditch and the village dogs have torn its guts out before it is cold.21 This kind of thing makes one's blood boil, whereas-- on the whole -- the plight of the human beings does not. I am not commenting, merely pointing to a fact. People with brown skins are next door to invisible. Anyone can be sorry for the donkey with its galled back, but it is generally owing to some kind of accident if one even notices the old woman under her load of sticks.22 As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward -- a long, dusty column, infantry , screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.23 They were Senegalese, the blackest Negroes in Africa, so black that sometimes it is difficult to see whereabouts on their necks the hair begins. Their splendid bodies were hidden inreach-me-down khaki uniforms, their feet squashed into boots that looked like blocks of wood, and every tin hat seemed to be a couple of sizes too small. It was very hot and the men had marched a long way. They slumped under the weight of their packs and the curiously sensitive black faces were glistening with sweat.24 As they went past, a tall, very young Negro turned and caught my eye. But the look he gave me was not in the least the kind of look you might expect. Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive. It was the shy, wide-eyed Negro look, which actually is a look of profound respect. I saw how it was. This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. He has been taught that the white race are his masters, and he still believes it.25 But there is one thought which every white man (and in this connection it doesn't matter twopence if he calls himself a socialist) thinks when he sees a black army marching past. "How much longer can we go on kidding these people? How long before they turn their guns in the other direction?"26 It was curious really. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. I had it, so had the other onlookers, so had the officers on their sweating chargers and the white N. C. Os marching in the ranks. It was a kind of secret which we all knew and were too clever to tell; only the Negroes didn't know it. And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the longcolumn, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of Paper.(from Reading for Rhetoric, by Caroline Shrodes,Clifford A. Josephson, and James R. Wilson)NOTES1. Orwell: George Orwell was the pseudonym of Eric Arthur Blair (1903-50), an English writer who at one time served with the Indian Imperial Police in Burma. He fought in the Spanish Civil War, an experience he recorded in Homage to Catalonia. His novels include Down and Out in Paris and London ; Burmese Days ; Coming up for Air ; A Clergyman' s Daughter ; Keep the Aspidistra Flying; Animal Farm; and 1984. The last two novels vilify socialist society and communism. Among his well known essays are: Shooting an Elephant ; A Hanging ; Marrakech ; and Politics and the English Language.2. Moorish: Moors, mixed Arabs and Berbers, and inhabitants of Morocco. They set up a Moorish empire from the end of the 8th century to the 12th century: by 12th century the empire included North Africa to the borders of Egypt, as well as Mohammedan Spain.3. Mon vieux: a French phrase meaning, "my old fellow (friend)"4. Distressed Area: area where there is widespread unemployment, poverty, etc., a slum area.5. Foreign Legionnaires: France organized a foreign legion shortly after the conquest of Algiers in 1830, enlisting recruits who were not French subjects. Spain had a foreign legion, up till the revolution in Morocco, and Holland in the Dutch East Indies.6. fifteen-hands: unit of measurement, especially for the height of horses; a hand, the breadth of the human palm, is now usually taken to be 4 inches.。
(完整word版)高级英语第一册lesson2课后习题答案.doc
Hiroshima--- the“Liveliest” City in JapanI.Paraphrase1)Serious-looking men were so absorbed in their conversation that theyseemed not to pay any attention to the crowds around them.2)At last the taxi trip came to an end and I suddenly discovered that I was infront of the gigantic City Hall.3) The rather striking picture of traditional floating houses among high, modernbuildings represents the constant struggle between traditional Japanese culture and the new, Western style.4)1 suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the prospect ofmeeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.5)The few Americans and Germans also seemed to feel restrained like me．6)After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritualto show gratitude．7)1 was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenlyrealized what he meant． His words shocked me out of my sad dreamy thinking．8)⋯and nurses walked by carrying surgical instruments which were nickel platedand even healthy visitors when they see those instruments could not help shivering.9)I have the chance to raise my moral standard because of the illness.II. Practice with Words and ExpressionsA.1.lump: the feeling you get in your throat when you are going to cry2.rub shoulders with: (informal) meet and mix with (people)3.martyred: (the city) that has been made to suffer4.screech: make a harsh, piercing sound5.arresting: striking, attracting and holding the attentionskyscrapers: very tall buildings6.stunning: very attractive; delightfully beautiful7.sink in: (to be) fully absorbed or understood8.schools: groups of people sharing the same thought9.by trade: by occupation; by way of making a livingB．1)was 指事如此；而 must be 意“很可能”。
(完整word版)高级英语第一册lesson2课后习题答案
Hiroshima---the “Liveliest” City in JapanI. Paraphrase1) Serious-looking men were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemednot to pay any attention to the crowds around them.2) At last the taxi trip came to an end and I suddenly discovered that I was in frontof the gigantic City Hall.3) The rather striking picture of traditional floating houses among high, modernbuildings represents the constant struggle between traditional Japanese culture and the new, Western style.4)1 suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the prospect ofmeeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.5)The few Americans and Germans also seemed to feel restrained like me．6)After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual toshow gratitude．7)1 was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenlyrealized what he meant．His words shocked me out of my sad dreamy thinking．8)…and nurses walked by carrying surgical instruments which were nickel platedand even healthy visitors when they see those instruments could not help shivering.9) I have the chance to raise my moral standard because of the illness.II. Practice with Words and ExpressionsA.1.lump: the feeling you get in your throat when you are going to cry2.rub shoulders with: (informal) meet and mix with (people)3.martyred: (the city) that has been made to suffer4.screech: make a harsh, piercing sound5.arresting: striking, attracting and holding the attentionskyscrapers: very tall buildings6.stunning: very attractive; delightfully beautiful7.sink in: (to be) fully absorbed or understood8.schools: groups of people sharing the same thought9.by trade: by occupation; by way of making a livingB．1)was指事实如此；而must be意为“很可能”。
高级英语上册lesson2单词
Lesson 21、He hails[heilz]（浊辅音后读z）from an affluent连读（t失去爆破）background（k失去爆破）. 他出身于一个富有的家庭。
2、The style of （连读）the love between us （连读）is verycharismatic. 我们之间的这种爱是多么超凡。
3、You must be（t失去爆破）prepared for disillusionment.你一定要做好失望的准备。
4、The number of（连读）wild animals on the earth is dwindling.地球上野生动物的数量正日渐减少。
5、Viewing this holocaust（动名词作伴随状态时，朗读要轻快，主句要重读）, they gave up any hope of living.看见这个奇异的景象，众人对自己的命运不能够再有丝毫的疑惑了。
6、He's a crank, and（重读）a noxious [ˈnɒkʃəs] crank. He callshimself an idealist（连读）. 他是个怪人，而且还是个极为有害的怪人，他自称是理想主义者。
and在这里起突出强调作用，所以要重读。
I love you, and I love you is unconditional.7、The difficulties that confront us（连读）seem insuperable.我们面临的困难似乎是不可克服的。
8、Change of climate must have had（非常肯定已发生的事情）apowerful influence on migration.气候的变化对于迁移必曾有过极大的影响。
9、"Prithee [ˈprɪði:], friend, leave me alone with my patient," saidthe practitioner. “朋友，请让我和我的病人单独呆一会儿，”那医生说道。
自考综合英语二 上册02课单词中英文释义表格
renounce
v
[vn] (formal)to state officially that you are no longer going to keep a title, position, etc. SYN give up:声明放弃
throne
n
1.[C] a special chair used by a king or queen to sit on at ceremonies
2.the throne [sing.] the position of being a king or queen:王位
indefinable
adj
difficult or impossible to define or explain:难以确切表达的；模糊不清的
charisma
n
（能吸引效忠的）领袖气质；神秘的个人魅力
publicize
v
[vn] to make sth known to the public; to advertise sth:宣扬；广为宣传
gallup poll
n
a way of finding out public opinion by asking a typical group of people questions（美）盖洛普民意测验
self-sacrifice
n
[U] (approving) the act of not allowing yourself to have or do sth in order to help other people:自我牺牲
benefit
n
[U, C] an advantage that sth gives you; a helpful and useful effect that sth has:益处，好处
自考高英上课件Lession 2 four choices for young people
Four Choices for Young People
SESபைடு நூலகம்ION ONE: PREVIEW
Are you satisfied with your college education? Do you think it needs changes or not, why? What’s your way to deal with it? Drop out, skip classes, suggestions, or revolution? Do you think you can do anything, or become somebody in the future? If you are the leader of China, what will you do to make this country a better place to live in?
• b. batten on : • thrive , or prosper , or live in luxury (on) (esp. at the expense of others) • (靠他人牺牲而） 兴旺，过奢侈的生活，（损人） 肥饱私囊
• 9. But for the poor in spirit, with low levels of both energy and pride , it may be the least intolerable choice available . • Available: ready for use; readily obtainable • a. （立即）可利用的；可得到的。 • employ all means available • b. （人）有空的。 如：I‘ll be available tomorrow morning. • Avail n. 效用 利益 v. 有利 有用 • to no avail/ of no avail/ without avail • Avail sb of sth 某人利用某物 • Avail myself of this opportunity
高级英语(上)英语专业(本科段)-全国高等教育自学考试指定教材王家湘 课后题及答案
高级英语(上)英语专业（本科段）-全国高等教育自学考试指定教材王家湘课后题及答案Lesson one Rock Superstars : What Do They Tell Us About Ourselves and Our Society ?ExercisesA. Answer the following questions on the text:1. what is the function of the two quotations ? Are theyappropriate ?2. What does the author attempt to illustrate with the three examples at the beginning of the article?3. According to Irving Horowitz , what is the sociological significance of rock music ?4. In what sense did Elvis Presley prove what Horowitz and Rundgren believed ?5. How did Bob Dylan , the Beatles , and the Rolling Stones differ from each other politically ?6. What other major subjects did rock music deal with apart from politics ?7. What rewards did rock superstars get ?8. Has the author given a complete answer to question he raises in the title? Why do you think theauthor ends the article the way he does ?Key A1. The author uses the two quotations to introduce his ideas . Yes , they are .2. The author uses the three examples to show that the young people worship the rock superstarsvery much , but the adults find they are sick , The examples show that young people and adults have atotally different attitudes towards rock music .3. Rock music can express its times . He sees it as a debating forum where American societystruggles to define and redefine its feeling and beliefs .4. When he appeared on the Ed . Sullivan Sunday night variety show ,a debate took place . The oldpeople frowned while the young viewers applauded.5. Bob Dylan touched a nerve of disaffection. The Beatles urged peace and piety . The RollingStones demanded revolution .6. Apart from politics , the rock music dealt with feelings and emotions.7. The rock superstars got applause , praise and money .8. No , he hasn‘t . He want s to leave the question to the readers and let them think .B Translate the following into Chinese :1. ―Jagger,‖ he said , ―grabs a half –gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform , sprinklingits contents over the first few rows of sweltering listeners .2. How do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship ?3. Or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildestfantasies ?4. Some sociologists say that your answers to them could explain a lot about what you are thinkingand about what your society is thinking –in other words , where you and your society are .5. It‘s just that Elvis managed to embody the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s .6. Feelings always a part of any musical statement were a major subject .7. This country element , Horowitz feels , helped its audience express an urge to ―get away from itall , ― to ―go back to the old days .‖8. In one 1972 national opinion poll , more than 10 percent of the high school boys and 20 percent ofthe girls said their hero was a rock superstar.KeyB1他描述道:‖贾格尔拿着半加仑水, 顺着舞台前沿,边跑边把水洒向前排汗流浃背的歌迷身上.‖2. 你如何看待这种赞美和英雄崇拜?3. 还是由于他把你狂热的幻想用行动表现出来,你神不知鬼不觉地被这个不可思议的小丑所吸引?4. 一些社会学家认为你对这些问题的回答,很能说明你在想什么,社会在想什么..换句话说, 可以说明你和社会的态度.5. 只不过艾尔维斯的演唱表现了50年代青少年那种沮丧的精神状态.6. 感情总是任何音乐表达的必要成分,也是一个重要议题.7. 霍罗威茨认为这种结合表达了听众欲‖摆脱现实一切‖/‖重归昔日‖的强烈愿望.9. 在1972年的一次全国民意测验中, 10%以上的高中男生,20%的女生表示他们心目中的英雄是超摇滚歌星.C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below,changingits form when necessary :Sprinkle swelter in other words lazy rather than reject act out idle worship reverence drive embody9. His paintings embody the spirit of the modern era .10. How do you act out your frustrations , by throwing glasses or something ?11. The peddler sprinkled some water over his vegetables to make them fresher and heavier.12. In such heated air ,the sweltering students could hardly keep their minds on their lessons .13. That‘s idle gossip . Don‘t listen to it .14. She sent in her application for the job , but was rejected as unqualified . 15. The salesman considered it safe to go along with the boss rather than to contradict him . 8. Everybody should have a sincere reverence /worship for the laws of his country .D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences : 1. The whole nation watched the two candidates (arguing , debating ) the issue of raising taxes on TV .2. It was a (proud , arrogant ) moment for my cousin when she shook hands with the President .3. Even if you (mix , blend ) oil and water , they will not (mix , blend ).4. Some people watch television so muchthat they cannot (conceive , imagine ) of living without it . 5. As it was an informal dinner , most people (wore ,were dressed ) in their comfortable clothes . 6. Do you think those young people are(idealistic ,ideal ) or pragmatic ? 7. Filled with great (adulation , admiration ) for their integrity and courage , he was determined to bea man like them .8. Deep at night , they could still hear gun-fire (rambling ,rumbling ) in the distance . E. Explain the underlined words in English :1. ―They think he is sick , sick , sick , ― Mike said .2. Newspaper editorialized against him .3. He poke of change and of the bewilderment of an older generation .4. The Beatles … urged peace and piety …5. His most notable songs …while the lyrics celebrate the simplejoy …6. … these rock musicians mirror feelings and benefits ….7. Horowitz sees the rock music arena as …a place where ideas clash and crash . 8. What does he ---or any other current rock success ---tell us about his fans ? Key E1. disgusting2. Editors ? articles attacked and criticized him3. the confusions of the old people4. had a strong desire for peace and piety5. The words of the song praise the natural happiness of the old days .6. reflect emotions and outlooks7. a place where ideas come into opposition and contradict to each other8. other successful rock stars at presentF . Translate the following into English :摇滚乐于20世纪50年代末举起于美国. 它不仅是一种新型的音乐形式,更是美国的青年人表达他们对世界和人生看法的论坛. 在这个论坛上, 歌星们唱出了青年人对民权/战争与和平的态度,唱出了他们对社会的不满,也唱出了爱与恨之间的各种情感. 总之, 在这个论坛上, 青年人把他们对美国社会的信仰及情感给以全新的解释. 早期的摇滚乐的主要代表人物有艾尔维斯.普雷斯利,歌星加诗人鲍勃.狄伦/甲壳虫乐队以及滚石乐队等等.他们都是青年人崇拜的文化英雄.Key FRock music began in America in the late 1950‘s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forumfor the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life . In this forum , the stars sang out theattitudes of the youth towards civil rights , war and peace ,the disaffection of their society , and a rangeof emotions between love and hate . Allin all , in this forum , the American youth redefined the beliefsand feelings of their society . The typical representatives of the early rock music were Elvis Presley ,singer and poet Bob Dylan , the Bealtles , the rolling Stones and so on . They were the culture heroeswhom the young people worshipped .G. Write a short passage of 150—200words in English on the topic―Do you Agree that Rock Is theMusic of Teenage Rebellion ?:‖You should cover the following points :1 A general statement of your position ;2 Two or three arguments with a supporting example for each .Key GDo You Agree that Rock Is the Music of Teenage Rebellion ?Rock music began in America in the late 1950‘s . It was not only a new musical form , but a forumfor the American youth to express their ideas of the world and life .Music expressed its times . Rock music was a sociological expression rather than a musical force . Itembodied the frustrated teenage spirit of the 1950s. At that time young people might be dissatisfied withthe society or they had some hatred toward the adult world , butthey could not protest it openly . Sothey would use music as an outlet . Then they could get some balancein their minds .Another aspect is that the young people could make their ideas and beliefs known to the worldthrough music . By music , they could show their felling and dreams . So all in all , young peoplecombined invention and exaggeration ,reason and motion , word and sound , music and politics as awhole .Lesson Two Four Choices for Young PeopleA. Answer the following questions on the text :1. How do American young people look at the adult world in general ?2. What does ―drop out ― mean ? Why does the author say that the dropouts lead a parasiticway of life ?3. In What way are those who flee different from the dropouts ?4. Why is this solution no longer practical on a large scale ?5. What kind of young people tend to follow the strategy of armed revolution ?6. Why does the author say that the most unfortunate are those whose revolutions havesucceeded ?7. What are some of the new problems faced by the young people ?8. What is the fourth alternative ? Why does the author favor this alternative ?Key A1. They view the adult world with great skeptism .They think their world is in pretty much of a mess , full of injustice ,poverty and war .2. ―Drop out ―means its practioners escape the traditional way of life , refuse to take anyresponsibility and live a parasitic life . Because its practioners batten on the society which theyscorn and in which they refuse to take any responsibility .3. Those who flee are not parasites.They are willing to support themselves and to contributesomething to the general community .4. Because our planet is running out of noble savages and unsullied landscapes , except for thepolar regions , the frontiers are gone .5. The young people who have no patience with the tedious workings of the democraticprocess or who believe that basic institutions can only be changed by force tend to follow thisstrategy .6. Because they live in bitter disillusionment to see the establishment they have overthrownreplaced by a new one , just as hard –faced and stuffy .7. The unprecedent problems of an affluent society , of racial justice , of keeping our citiesfrom becoming uninhabitable, of coping with war in unfamiliar guises , and of populationexplosion .8. The fourth alternative is to try to change the worldgradually .Because it offers a betterchance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any other available strategy ..B. Translate the following into Chinese :1. Apparently he speaks for a lot of his contemporaries .2. During the last few years , I have listened to scores of young people ,in college and out ,who were just as nervous about the grown –up world .3. They are willing to support themselves and to contribute something to the generalcommunity , but they simply don‘t like the environment of civilization ;that is ,the city , with all its ugliness and tension .4. A few gentleman farmers with plenty of money can still escape to the bucolic life .5. To them it offers a romantic appeal ,usually symbolized by some dashing and charismaticfigure.6. For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of ,cleansed of all human meanness .7. The revolutionary state , under whatever political label , has to be run –not by violentromantics –but by experts in marketing , sanitary engineering , and the management ofbureaucracies.8. About all that can be said for it is that it sometimes works –that in this particular time and place it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any otheravailable strategy .Key B1. 很显然他所说的代表了许多同龄人的想法.2. 在过去的几年中, 我听到过许多大学内外的年轻人的谈话, 对于成人世界,他们也有同感.3. 他们愿意自食其力,并对社会大众做些贡献.他们不喜欢文明的环境,也就是说, 不喜欢那种丑恶/紧张的城市生活.4. 一些极富有的乡绅可以回到农村的田园生活.5. 对他们来说,这有一种浪漫/传奇的色彩,通常是以某个有闯劲/魅力超凡的人物为代表的.6. 即使革命成功,胜利的曙光也不会照在光灿灿的/梦想的/消除了人类一切自私的新世界上.7. 革命的机器,无论贴上什么样的政治标签,还得由市场销售/卫生工程/官僚机构的行家们来操作,而不是由那些极端的浪漫主义者们去操作.8. 这种方法的惟一优点是, 它有时真的有效,--在一个特定的时间和地点, 与其它可选的方法相比,它可以更好地改善世界上的倒行逆施行为.C. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the box below ,changing its form when necessary :Strike run out of cleanse disappoint insoluble unprecedent satisfy virtual contribute availablesymbolize vehement1. For many Americans , it is their lifelong dream to buy a satisfying /satisfactory two-storied house with a garden .2. To make Beijing our worthy capital , we must get it cleansed of polluted air , among other things .3.In a lot of cultures , red roses are used to symbolize love .4.Unfortunately , their car ran out of fuel , just ten miles shortof Chicago .5. An unprecedented event in history took place in 1969 , when two American astronautslanded for the first time on the Moon .6. The detective finally gave up , declaring the mystery insoluble .7. Though high-sounding , his speech struck everyone at the meeting as totally irrelevant towhat was discussed .9. If you travel by plane , Beijing and Guangzhou are virtually neighboring cities . D. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the followingsentences :1. The professor looked over our papers with a hasty (sight ,glance ). 2. Before ordering their dinner , they considered the (relevant , relative ) merits of chicken androast beef .3. The little boy‘s constant noise (exhilarated , exasperated ) his father , who was busy writinga paper for a symposium .4. Isn‘t it (wholesome, noisome )to live in a city with so many vehicles passing day andnight ?5. He was born in a small town (lived , inhabited ) by about 500 people .6. Her desk was all (jumbled , cluttered ) with old papers , strings , and other odds and ends .7. He thinks they are extremely (idealistic , ideal ) , for all their pragmatism .8. She made one last (attraction , appeal ) to her father for permission to go to the party .E. Explain the underlined words in English :1….who were just as nervous about the grown-up world .2. Unlike the dropouts , they are not parasites .3. This strategy also has ancient antecedents .4. …that is , the city , with all its ugliness and tension .5. For at best their victory never dawns on the shining new world they had dreamed of ….6. At first glance , this course is far from inviting .7. …it offers a better chance for remedying some of the world ?s outrages than any otheravailable strategy .8. …another one looms just ahead .Key E1. They are doubtful and critical about the way the older generation is running the world .2. They don‘t ba tten on the society . They support themselves .3. This strategy is not new . We had similar ones in the old times .4. The city is ugly and full of pressures .5. Their success doesn‘t bring about a new world .6. This strategy is not attractive .7. Compared with other strategies , it can change the world for the better . It can stop some ofthe world ?s violence or crulty .8. Another problem appears before them .F. Translate the following into English :60年代的美国青年是反叛的一代. 他们看到美国这个富裕社会充满了贫困/不平等和虚伪.他们不再相信这个不属于他们的成人社会, 拒绝信奉它的信仰和价值观. 很多青年人积极投入到反对贫困/反对种族歧视和反对越南战争的斗争中去 ,有些青年人甚至试图以武装革命的方式推翻这个社会. 还有很多青年人以消极的方式表示他们的不满. 他们吸毒,过着不承担任何社会责任的寄生生活, 或者跑到未开垦的乡村去, 过着原始公社式的生活.Key FThe American young people in 1960‘s were a generation of rebellion . They found that theaffluent American society was filled with poverty , injustice and gypocrisy . They didn‘t trust theadult world that didn‘t belong to them and refused to take their beliefs and values . Many youngpeople took active part in the struggle which protested against poverty , racial discrimination andVietnam War . Some young people even tried to overthrow this worldby armed revolution. Manyother young took passive ways to show their disaffections . Theytook drugs , refused to take anyresponsibilities and lived a parasitic way of life . Or they escaped to the frontiers and lived aprimitive way of life .G. Write a short passage of 150-200 words in English on the topic―My Comment on theFourth Choice .‖You should cover the following points :!.what the fourth choice is ;2.What you agree on with the author and reasons for your agreement ;3.What you disagree on with the author , if any , and your explanation .My Comment on the Fourth ChoiceThe fourth comment is to change the world gradually , one clod at a time . Maybe at the firstglance it is not inviting . It lacks glamour . It has no quickresult . It demands patience . It dependson the exasperating and uncertain instruments of persuasion and democratic decision making .I think the author is right . Reforming the world is a little like fighting a military campaign in the Apennines , as soon as you capture one mountain range, another one looms just ahead . The problems are the same , too. Once some problemsare brought under some kind of rough control , new problems take place . So we can‘t solve all the problems at a time .We have to deal with one problem each time and change the world gradually and steadily . So problems can be handledin the same way that hard problems have been coped with before –piecemeal , pragmatically ,by the dogged efforts of many people . so I think in this particular time and place the fourth choice offers a better chance for remedying some ofthe world ?s outrages than any other available starategy .Lesson Three The Use of ForceBy William Carlos WilliamsA. Answer the following questions on the text :1. why wasn‘t the sick child in bed ?2. why were the girl‘s parents eyeing the doctor up and down distrustfully ?3. What made the girl refuse to open her mouth to the doctor ?4. Why did the doctor insist on examining her throat ?5. Why was the doctor not able to see her throat since he already had the woodentongue depressor into her mouth ?6. How did the doctor finally get see the girl‘s throat ?7. Did the girl‘s physical beauty have anything to do with the outcome of theincident ?Explain .8. Can you find any fault with the doctor‘s behavior?Key A,1. Because it was damp there .2. Because they were the new patients to him and they were nervous .3. She didn‘t want others to know that her tonsils were coveredwith membrane.4. Because the doctor took a trial shot that the girl might have diphtheria.5. Because she gripped the wooden blade between her molars anddidn‘t open her mouth to let the doctor have a look .6. The doctor overpowered the child‘s neck and jaws , forced the heavy silverspoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged .7. Yes , it did . Because she was very beautiful and didn‘t want others to know her shortcomings . She thought tonsils covered with membrane were ugly .8. Yes . The doctor grasped the child‘s head and tried to get the wooden tonguedepressor between her teeth . He had grown furious at the child . He could have tornthe child apart and enjoyed it .B. Translate the following into Chinese :1. When I arrived I was met by the mother , a big startled looking woman , veryclean and apologetic who merely said , Is this the doctor?And let me in .2. He tried to get up , but I motioned for him not to bother , tookoff my overcoatand started to look things over .3. As often , in such cases , they weren‘t telling me more thanthey had to , it wasup to me to tell them .4. I smiled in my best professional manner and asking for thechild‘s first name I said , come on , Mathilda, …5. At that I ground my teeth in disgust . If only they wouldn‘t use the word ―hurt―I might be able to get somewhere .6. In the ensuing struggle they grew more and more abject , crushed , exhaustedwhile she surely rose to magnificent heights of insane fury ofeffort bred of her terrorof me .7. …she opened up for an instant but before I could see any thingshe came downagain and gripped the wooden blade between her molars she reduced it to splintersbefore I could get it out again .8. The damned little brat must be protected against her own idiocy , one says toone‘s self at such times .Key B1. 我到她家时先遇到她的母亲, 她一副惊讶/害怕的表情. 她穿着很干净, 只是礼貌地说, 您是医生吗?就让我进去了.2. 他试图站起来, 我示意他不要麻烦,脱去外套, 开始检查.3. 像往常一样, 在这种情况下, 他们不会告诉我更多的情况, 而是理应由我来告诉他们.4. 我尽量露出我的职业微笑,询问小女孩的名字.我说,过来,玛蒂尔…5. 此时我已厌恶地咬牙切齿,要不是他们使用‖伤害‖这个词,我可能早就采取行动了.6. 在接下来的斗争中,他们变得越来越可怜,被制服,甚至精疲力竭,而小女孩由于害怕我而产生的狂怒却达到了顶点.7. 她的嘴张开了一下, 我还没有来的及看清楚,她又闭上了嘴.,紧紧地用臼齿咬住木刃.我还没有来的及将它拔出,,她已把它咬成了碎片.8. 那个可恶的小家伙很愚蠢,但我应当保护她, 此时我对自己这样说.B. Fill in the blank in each sentence with the best word or expression from the boxbelow , changing its form when necessary :Apologetic motion apprehension distrustful profusion admonish terrifying coaxcontemptible ensue desist overpower1. They heard of the traffic accident and immediately rushed to the hospital , fullof apprehensions about the safety of the passengers .2. The terrifying explosion occurred early in the morning .3. As he entered the newly decorated building , an overpoweringsmell of paint made him feel quite sick .4. The old man yelled over and over again ―stop thief ,stopthief !‖ But nobody didanything . The indifference of the onlookers was reallycontemptible .5. The police motioned for the crowd to move on to the next street .6. In Kunming , flowers grow in great profusion all the year round .7. The fans shouted and clapped so loudly that in the ensuing confusion nobody could hear a thing .8. The boys were frightened , but the police managed to coax theminto telling him what they had seen that night .A. Choose the right word or expression in the brackets to complete each of the followingsentences :1. The girl looked at the doctor (terrifyingly , terrified ).2. ―If you finish all the homework tonight , we‘ll go for a picnic tomorrow , ― he(admonished ,coaxed).3. He thought their behavior was (contemptuous ,contemptible ),but he didn‘t say anything in front of the host .4. Summoned by the boss , he approached his office full of (apprehension ,distrust ).5. He was sincerely sorry for what happened at the party , so people accepted his(excuse ,apology ).6. They were walking in the forest when they heard a(terrifying ,terrific )roar which made their blood freeze .7. Obviously they were getting nowhere with the meeting , so he decided to (desist ,resist )from making a final decision that afternoon .8. ―How can you say that you don‘t want to see yourgrandmother ?‖the father(admonished ,coaxed ).E. Explain the underlined words in English :1…very clean and apologetic…2…it was up to me to tell them ;…3.And there‘s been a lot of sickness around .4.Nothing doing .5.I‘m here to look at her throat on the chance that she might have diphtheria …6.We‘re going through with this .7…I too had got beyond reason.8.My face was burning with it .Key E1. polite2. It was my duty …There has been a lot of sick people near our home .4. She did nothing . There was no action .3.5. probably , possibly6. We‘ll continue to the end .7. became unreasonable8. pleasure and enjoymentF.Translate the following into English :玛蒂尔达病了三天了,母亲给她吃了药也不见好, 只好请来了医生.由于玛蒂尔达的学校里有学生患白喉,而且已经有两个孩子死去,医生到奥尔逊家后首先要检查玛蒂尔达的喉咙.但是无论怎么劝,她就是不肯张开嘴,于是医生只得用压舌板伸进她的嘴里. 然而玛蒂尔达竟然把压舌板咬碎了.为了保护玛蒂尔达本人及其他的儿童,医生必须弄清玛蒂尔达是否患了白喉,以便给予及时的治疗.于是他让玛蒂尔达的父亲抓紧她的手腕,自己用力掰开了玛蒂尔达的嘴,发现她果然得了白喉.这个故事使我们想到这样一个问题,生活中有的事不能全靠自愿,在有的情况下, 一定的强迫似乎是必要的.Key F.Mathilda had been ill for three days . Her mother had given her some medicine, but it didn‘tdo any good . So they had to ask the doctor to come . There had been a number of cases ofdiphtheria in Mathilda‘s school and two of them had been dead . When the doctor arrived at Olson‘s home , he wanted to examineMthilda‘s throat first . But no matter how he coaxed ,,She wouldn‘t open her mouth . So the doctor had to get the tongue depressor into her mouth . ButMathilda reduced it to splinters . In order to protect Mathilda herself and other children , thedoctor had to make sure whether she had diphtheria or not , so that he could treat her in time .Letting Mathilda ?s father hold her wrists he tried his best to open her mouth and found she reallyhad diphtheria. This story made us can think such a question that something in life can‘t onlydepend on self willingness . Under some circumstances , certain force seems necessary .G. Write a short passage of 150-200words in English on the topic―Comment on the Doctor‘s Behavior . ―You should covre the following points :1.Why he wanted to examine the girl‘s throat ;2. how he tried to coax her to open her mouth ;3. what made him decide to use force to see her throat ;your opinion of the doctor‘s behavior .Key G.ment on the Doctor‘s BehaviorAfter the doctor arrived at the girl‘s home , he wanted to see h er throat . As there had been anumber of cases of diphtheria in the school to which the girl went during that month , the doctoralso thought that of the girl . So he smiled to the girl and askedher to open her mouth and let himhave a look at her throat . No matter how the doctor coaxed , thegirl shut her mouth firmly .Thinking that the girl might have diphtheria and possibly die of it , the doctor decided to useforce to open her mouth . He had seen at least two children lying dead in bed of neglect in suchcases . He felt that he must get a diagnosis now . So he grasped the girl‘s head with his left handand tried to get the wooden tongue depressor between her teeth . But when the doctor got thewooden spatula behind her last teeth . She gripped the blade between her molars and reduced it tosplinters . In the final unreasoning assault the doctor outerpowered the girl . He forced the heavysilver spoon back of her teeth and down her throat till she gagged . Her both tonsils were coveredwith membrane.From that the doctor had done , I thought he was a responsible person . In order to save the lives of the patients ,especially those children who did not know how to co-operate with the doctor ,he had to take some measure .Otherwise a good or suitable time of treatment would be missed .Lesson Four Die as You ChooseA.Answer the following questions on the text :1. Is euthanasia openly practiced in Holland ?2. Why did the doctors in the U.S.sometimes secretly practice euthanasia withoutconsulting the dying patients ?3. What is the difference between passive euthanasia and active euthanasia ?Doyou think they make any difference ?4. What is a ―living-will ―?5. Did Hippocrates prohibit euthanasia ?Did most ancient Greek doctors andthinkers agree with his ban ?What did the author want to tell the reader by presentingthis historical fact ?6. What is the danger involved if euthanasia is legalized ?7. Why did the author say that West Germany will not be able to legalize any formof euthanasia for a long time to come ?8. What is the author‘s view on euthanasia ?Key A1. Yes, it is .2. Because they could rarely discuss euthanasia openly with patients and voluntaryeuthanasia was taboo , the doctor had to make the decision himself .3. Passive euthanasia means the doctor lets the patient die without giving him anytreatment on his own request . Active euthanasia means the doctorkill the patient bygiving him an injection or enough painkillers . No, I don‘t think they make anydifference.4. ―Living will ―is a will made by a person when he is living that he does not wantlife prolonged when he is dying .5. Yes , he did .No, they didn‘t .The author wanted to explain that when in ancient Greece doctors and thinkers。
自考高级英语上册Lesson 2
Speak for sb. / sth
• To express the feelings, thoughts, or beliefs of a person or group of people
– Dan, speaking for the students, started the meeting.
– It struck me as odd that the man didn’t introduce himself before he spoke.
…also has ancient antecedents
• … also had been practiced by some people in ancient times who fled to a remote
…they are not parasites
• … they are not the persons who are supported by society and offer nothing in return
…with all its ugliness and tension
• … with all its kinds of crimes and corruptions, noises and nervousness
Lesson Two
Four Choices for Young People
American youth of 1960s was a generation of rebellion. When they found their country – an affluent society full of poverty, injustice and hypocrisy, they no longer believed in the adult world that doesn’t belong to them.
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• idealistic → realistic 现实主义的
• insoluble adj. Eg. It’s an insoluble mystery. 那是无法解释的奥秘。 insoluble problem
• presumably adv. eg. The report is presumably correct.该项报导可能是正确 的。 Presumably the bad weather has delayed the flight. 大概 恶劣的天气使飞机误点了。
• Presumable adj. 可能的，可推测的 • Presume v. 假定，推断
Lesson Two Four Choices for Young People
Words and expressions
• affluent adj. eg. He was born in an affluent family.
• affluence n. 富裕
• antecedent n. 先行词，祖先，前情 eg. This is an antecedent of the war. 这是战争的前因。
• Misgiving n. have much/ no misgiving about sth. / in doing sth.
• pastoral adj. （同义）bucolic • eg. Pastoral poem 田园诗
• polar adj. Pole n. 极
• pragmatically adv. Pragmatic adj.
• Uninhabitable adj. • Inhabit v. 居住于，栖息 • Inhabited adj. 有人居住的 • Habitable adj. 适合居住的，可以居住的
• skepticism n. • skeptic n. 怀疑论者
• symbolize vt. 象征，代表 eg. Easter eggs symbolize the renewal of life.复活蛋象征 新生。
• symbol n. • symbolic adj. 象征性的，象征意义的
• undignified adj. • dignified adj. 有尊严的，高贵的，气派的 • dignify v. 使高贵, 使增辉 • dignity n. 尊严，高贵，端庄
• distasteful adj. Eg. Shot me a distasteful glance. 厌恶地瞪了我一眼 be distasteful to sth./ sb. 对……反感，厌恶
• Dwindling adj. 减少的 • Dwindle vi. 减少
• exasperating adj. eg. He‘s probably the most exasperating man I’ve ever met. 他大概是我见过的最让人恼火的人。
• disillusionment n. eg. Now she is in a state of complete disillusionment.现在她彻底醒悟 了。 You must be prepared for disillusionment. 你一定要做好失望的准备。
• disillusion v. 给……泼冷水；使幻想破灭
• Insuperable adj. insuperable barricade
• Irrationality n. 不理性，不理智 • Irrational adj. 不理智的 • Rational adj. 理智的，理性的
• Migration n. • Migrate v. ~ to • Migrant n. 移居者，候鸟 adj. 移居的 • Emigrant (从国内移居国外的)移民者 • Immigrant (从国外到国内居住的)移民者
• batten on eg. The rich batten on the poor. 富人靠剥削穷人发财。
• bucolic adj. eg. It is a bucolic refuge in the midst of a great bustling city. 它是处 在繁华的大城市之中的世外桃源。
• clean VS 使洁净”、“把...去垢”
cleanse: 意思是“清洗干净”，“使...纯洁”;正 式的（formal）或古旧的用语，有时它还能用于 比喻意义，例如to cleanse one's soul洗涤心灵； to cleanse the heart of sin 洗心革面；ethnic cleansing 种族清洗/灭绝。
• clod n. a clod of soil/ earth • clutter vt.
eg. Don‘t clutter up my desk. I’ve just tidied it.不要在我的书桌上乱放东 西,我刚收拾好。 Don‘t clutter the page with too many diagrams. 别用太多的图表来堆 砌版面。
• Charismatic adj. 有领导魅力的 • Eg. Charismatic leaders 有魅力的领导
• cleanse vt.
eg. May God cleanse my wickedness. 愿上帝洗 净我的邪恶。
The nurse cleansed the wound before stitching it. 护士在缝合伤口前先清洁一下伤口。
• exasperate vt.使 ... 恼怒, 激怒, 使恶化
• formidable adj. 强大的，可怕的，难对付的 eg. They climbed up the last part of the mountain in formidable weather conditions. 他们在恶劣的 天气条件下登上了山的顶峰。 Sb. is formidable 某人很难对付