停车场管理系统设计与实现-外文翻译

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智能停车场管理系统Intelligentparkingsystem

智能停车场管理系统IntelligentparkingsystemIntelligent parking systemEuropean Journal of Operational Research ; 0377-2217 ; 2006;175volumes; 3Intelligent parking management system uses advanced technology and highly automated mechanical and electrical equipment, mechanical, and electronic computer-controlled equipment, and intelligent IC card technology combine management can be achieved through the computer management of vehicle access, automatic data storage function, the realization of de machine operation and provide - efficient management of the system.Smart new car park will be living concepts and architecture, information technology, computer electronics technology, such as the perfect combination of modern high-tech to provide a simple, easy-to-use, advanced system of human nature. It relies on high-tech, people-oriented, graphical man-machine interface operation, providing a more safe, comfortable, convenient, fast and open intelligent, information-based living space, promoting the healthy development of human environment.1 parking lot at home and abroad mainly in the following several types1.1 mechanical parkingMechanical parking car park is mainly a kind of mechanical means parking the car park completely by mechanical parking equipment such as tractor driving machine, driven wheels, car panels, sliding device, control cabinet, called the operation site, Rotary lift devices, handling devices, etc.. Lifting and transferring is divided into categories, vertical circulation category, the levelof cycle-type, multi-cycle-type, flat type of mobile, vertical categories, such as the type of simple movements. Because of its unique and diverse way of parking, has a strong application. It covers an area of the main advantages of small, diverse selection can be combined with site specific characteristics of the design, but also with other means to implement a combination of a high degree of automation, easy operation, management and maintenance is also easier with quantitative parking characteristics.1.2 Plane parking systemIntelligent parking system parking systems for their plane to take the main inductive way IC card readers, so the car park is also called inductive system. At present, China is still in the car park car park is mainly flat, generally built in the basement of buildings, there are a number of public areas such as the Plaza, the road side as the car park, followed by the hotel, enterprises, factories, and other units of their own planning and design of the car park.1.3 Smart parkingIntelligent parking system is also called the vertical lift or elevator-type parking system parking systems. It is a set of equipment, operation, security, monitoring, maintenance, management of the intelligent system as a whole, the touch-screen human-machine interface, operation and use is also very convenient, with intelligent management and charges of the system. Its high degree of intelligence testing and perfecting the service system can be impaired also run zero. It is characterized by the largest original time control functions, the realization of sub-periods, stratified parking control, effectively improve the utilization of parking spaces. Password through the keyboard and the IC card can be realized vehicle access, the process of charging, easy operation and convenient access; and with the city parking system, enabling the city's parking card, and the installation of surveillance systems networking with the area. Another intelligent modular three-dimensional garage have begun to mature, not only to achieve a full modular design, use of intelligent control technology, but also made full use of solar energy technology, energy reserves (energy) technology. Smart Modular three-dimensional garage is no longer a whole building, which is a combination of independent modules, such as parking spaces, lifting devices, such as the smart car parts scattered, when construction of the architecture in a building block as long as the same as the all zero components assembled together, it becomes a standardthree-dimensional garage, with a time-saving and low cost.1.4 Remote-controlled car park management systemIntelligent parking system remote control features of the car park management system is not subject to parking restrictions on the location and direction, as long as the distance between the remote control to openthe door and can be carried under control. Remote control and easy to carry, cheap, easy to install. The main principle is that in the railings and electric machine control box installed on theremote control door controller card and memory card to receive, in use, as long as the correct password for the remote control can control the system. Its products have experienced from the allocation of code and then type the pulse cycle of the development process has matured. Remote-controlled car park management system has been widely used in many European and private residential parking.2 smart parking system characteristics2.1 strict management system chargesArtificial cash for the current charges is not only labor-intensive, low efficiency, and are vulnerable to financial loopholes and cause great loss of cash. The use of IC card management system fees, because fees are recognized by the computer, statistics and records, to avoid errors and cheating, such as a phenomenon, to effectively protect the interests of investors yard.2.2 high-performance securityBecause of the high degree of confidentiality of IC cards, and its encryption spend decades in general computer solution of the time can not, it can not be modeled, from the root system to ensure the credibility and feasibility.2.3 The management of a high degree of safety and soundnessArtificial taking the issue of credit cards where admission card at any time and without omissions recorded, lost car or false lost car occurred from time to time, to the car park management has caused many inconveniences to the parking lot also brought economic losses. Management fees and the use of a computer system, due to various types of card in the computer are detailed records of relevant information; monthly cards and stored value cards can be lost to re-submit a timely manner; hourly rate cardscan also be lost at any time search, the timely processing of .At the same time, the system functions with the image contrast. Both types of parking the vehicle registration number, filing cards, a card dedicated to ensure the safety of parking. When the reader detects vehicle controller, the computer automatically grades and play out this license plate recognition system when the brand re-identification of comparison, the computer screen in real-time display of the number of vehicles out of the population, status, time, and the owner of the information. If the license plate wrong, the computer prompts at any time, and issued a warning not to leave, and other relevant personnel at the scene.2.4 durability and reliablePassive non-contact IC card, the card is generally coil for data transmission and reception of energy use, and all sealed and thereforehave a dust-proof and waterproof function. It should not be read-write heads to avoid the wear and tear tape, interference or failure due to dust accumulation and the head of the phenomenon in general can be used more than 100,000.2.5 Non-contact IC card technology leaderNon-contact IC card is the electromagnetic technology, RF technology, computer technology, code recognition technology integrated application of technology, with excellent water-proof, anti-fouling, anti-oil, anti-corrosion, anti-static and anti-distortion, such as destruction of properties.2.6 establish a good corporate imageGood corporate image is priceless intangible assets, smart parking system, the modernization of the use of high-tech products will no doubt enhance the image and visibility ofproperty management, fee management computer system, in terms of product design, or package system brought about by the nature and management of scientific, management will have to establish a good image, so that virtuous circle of companies who step-by-step, and continuously forge ahead and become a model of scientific management.3 smart parking system equipmentIntelligent parking by the population, export and center management has three major components.3.1 imported parts: the main part of the population by the induction IC card reader, IC card a card machine, intercom extension, video cameras, vehicle sensors, parking detector, the entrance of the control panel, automatic road gates, vehicle detector coil and display parking spaces and so on.3.2 parts exports: exports mainly includes induction by IC card reader, camera, intercom extension, export control panel, automatic road gates, vehicles and vehicle detection coil contrast imaging system.Management Center 3.3: Management fees Management Center computers, monitors, hard disk video recorders, reports, printers, car park management fee component and system software.4 constitutes a smart parking system4.1 parking spaces for display systemThe entire smart parking system is a computerized management system, it needs real-time detection of the parking spaces, the intelligent parking system for this purpose may be to set up a parking space in each detector, through the signal processor into sub-systems managementsoftware, management software by analysis will present thebest parking spaces in the parking spaces to the driver display screen at the same time open spaces and bright lights prompt, suggesting that drivers in this parking. Detector if the parking spaces to the parking garage with no vacancies, the screen display parking "garage fully booked" and the ticket machine shows "full digital garage" and that the vehicle no longer be allowed into the library.4.2 Anti-theft SystemAnti-theft system is a set of parking spaces in various places to install a high-key remote control, which work in parallel parking spaces detector. When the driver stopped the car after the storage operation will be remote control code to the vehicle; when the driver of the bus ready to take the Treasury to operate a remote control decoder to the vehicle. If there is no decoder check car alarm system-related work and linkage alarm or activate video surveillance systems, prevention of vehicle thefts.4.3 Monitoring SystemSurveillance system cameras, controllers, monitors, video recorders composition. The main parking garage for security surveillance, to ensure safe and secure parking.4.4 Image Comparison SystemContrast imaging system consists of cameras, snapshot controller, image processor and other components. When a vehicle or into the library card for the tickets, the capture controller to start a video camera image of the vehicle and the driver together with the votes held by the card or the coexistence of people of the information system of a database. When a vehicle inspection of library card or check, the capture controller again, and start off brand camera photo images, and then with the system database to compare information. If the informationin line road brake automatically released from a column of vehicles; Otherwise, the message is not allowed and automatic alarm.4.5 Export SystemWhen a database of vehicles, the vehicle detector sensor signal out of the Treasury to inform the host computer and prompts the operator to prepare the operation, a video camera at the same time export images of the vehicle identification information and the corresponding number with the computer all the relevant information for comparison , in line with the fee should be calculated automatically and through the toll signs indicate that the driver prompt payment; warning if it does not match, suggesting that vehicle entry fees based on images taken during the manual more than right.Center Management System 4.6 softwareCenter software package management system is the smart parking management system the core of the smart parking system, it functions primarily by strong PC and peripheral equipment such as printers. Management Center can be used as a server device through the bus connection with the subsidiary, the exchange operating data, and data for the operation of automatic statistics, record-keeping. System has a password protection feature to prevent unauthorized management procedures are invasive and have a very strong graphics capabilities, able to plan parking garage, parking spaces occupied by the real-time, import and export, as well as channel opening and closing state of blockade, etc. displayed on the screen, car park to facilitate the management and scheduling. It is not only the construction unit to provide a flexible and effective management style, but also to have the self-maintenancefunction and the expansion of certain functions, in order to adapt to future technology development needs.5 Intelligent parking systemProducts are only to help human beings are becoming more efficient, more convenient and simple to solve the problem. Intelligent parking system as an advanced product is the ultimate human services, it can not be divorced from the principle of people-oriented or advanced technology is a waste. Technology therefore parking should also be in line with local conditions and give full play to all the features of the car park. In addition to the intelligent parking lot outside a number of basic functions should have the following functions.5.1 Induction card(1) long-range sensors;(2) waterproof, Antimagnetic, antistatic, wear-resistant, and information storage capacity, long service life;(3) through the card to pay parking fees, the realization of card functions;(4) to read and write fast, easy to operate;(5) use of non-directional, you can read and write in any direction over the work surface to complete reading and writing;(6) ID card reader and two-way password identification system.5.2 Automatic function(1) accept input signals manually for debugging installation;(2) delay, under-voltage, over-voltage automatic protection;(3) can be a buffer of two lift gate to receive instructions, can be had for cars;(4) gates with RS485 communication interface, an acceptable management fee of the direct control of the computer;(5) unloading device, in order to prevent external damage;(6) with anti control system, ensure the safety of vehicles;(7) photoelectric switch stroke control to replace the mechanical trip switch, long life;(8) compatibility, and to ensure that the needs of different types of customers;(9) with a balance to ensure the operation of light, smooth, small input power;(10) additional emergency manual device to prevent the occurrence of accidents;(11) circuit-wide non-contact control system, ensure the safety of vehicles.5.3 Import and Export function boxes(1) whether the perception of vehicles, car-free or not issuing card reader;(2) temporary user key access cards, access cards do not spit out the card in the specified time automatically close cards, card to avoid wastage;(3) usually show the clock and date;(5) identification card reader, alarm lights are null and void;(6) system at any time sensor reading into the ballot box has been the region's proximity card without lawful authority, a one-time read the card on the card type, card number, report the loss signs, sign into the game, the validity of such data, sent to CPU processing, in accordance with the type of card into the corresponding process, showing card number and state;(7) show the monthly card is valid and the card status (active, expired, report the loss or appearance into state);(8) non-real-time network control panel can operate both the effective operation of all built-in memory, database archiving,and preservation of more than 6000 records. Data can be recorded at any time by the administrator or have permission to access and uninstall leadership.Car park management software 5.4(1) image to identify a two-way comparison function;(2) property management system can read data, automatic generation of cards out of authority;(3) special treatment of special features of vehicles;(4) auto-complete temporary card charges, the effective monthly card release function;(5) set up a variety of billing methods, users choose their own settings;(6) when the graphics card type card reader and card status (active, expired, report the loss, into the state of play, etc.);。

自动化立体车库管理系统的设计(英文文献+CAD图纸)-论文

自动化立体车库管理系统的设计(英文文献+CAD图纸)-论文自动化立体车库管理系统的研究(英文文献+CAD图纸)Modeling and specifcations of dynamic agents in fractal manufacturing systemsKwangyeol Ryua, Youngjun Sonb, Mooyoung Junga,*a Department of Industrial Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea Systems and Industrial Engineering Department, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USAb Received 9 September 2002; accepted 16 April 2003Abstract In order to respond to a rapidly changing manufacturing environment and market, manufacturing systems must be flexible, adaptable, and reusable. The fractal manufacturing system (FrMS) is one of the new manufacturing paradigms that address the need for these characteristics. The FrMS is comprised of a number of ‘‘basic components’’, each ofwhich consists of five functional modules: (1) an observer, (2) an analyzer, (3) an organizer, (4) a resolver, and (5) a reporter. Each of these modules, using agent technology, autonomously cooperates and negotiates with others while processing its own jobs. The resulting architecture has a high degree of self-similarity, one of the main characteristics of a fractal. Despite the many conceptual advantages ofthe FrMS, it has not been successfully elaborated and implemented to date because of the difficulties involved in doing so. In this paper, the static functions and dynamic activities of each agent are modeled using the unified modeling language (UML). Then, relationships among agents, working mechanisms of each agent, and several fractal-specific characteristics (selfsimilarity, self-organization, andgoal-orientation) are modeled using the UML. Then, a method for dealing with several types of information such as products, orders, and resources in the FrMS is presented. Finally, a preliminary prototype for the FrMS using AgletsTM is presented. # 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Fractal manufacturing system (FrMS); Agent technology; UML; ModelingAbbreviations: FrMS, fractal manufacturing system; BFU, basicfractal unit; DRP, dynamic restructuring process; UML, uni?ed modeling language; HMS, holonic manufacturing system; BMS, bionic/biological manufacturing system; CNP, contract net protocol; MANPro, mobile agent-based negotiation process; NMA, network monitoring agent; EMA, equipment monitoring agent; SEA, schedule evaluation agent; DRA, dispatching-rule rating agent; RSA, real-time simulation agent; SGA, schedule generation agent; GFA, goal formation agent; TGA, task governing agent; NEA, negotiation agent; KDA, knowledge database agent; DMA, decision-making agent; FSM, fractal status manager; FAM, fractal address manager; REA, restructuring agent; NCA, network command agent; ECA, equipment command agent; STA, system agent; NTA, network agent; MP, materialprocessor; MH, material handler; MT, material transporter; BS, buffer storage; MRP, material removal processor; MFP, material forming processor; MIP, material inspection processor; PD, passive device;FMH, ?xed material handler; MMH, movable material handler; FMT, fixed material transporter; MMT, movable material transporter; ABS, activebuffer storage; PBS, passive buffer storage E-mail address: (M. Jung).* Corresponding author. Tel.: t82-54-279-2191; fax: t82-54-279-5998. 0166-3615/$ – see front matter # 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.doi:10.1016/S0166-3615(03)00099-X1. IntroductionFacing intensified competition in a growing global market, manufacturing enterprises have been reengineering their production systems to achieve computer integrated manufacturing (CIM). Major goalsof CIM include, but are not necessarily limited to, lowering manufacturing costs, rapidly responding to changing customer demands, shortening lead times, and increasing the quality of products [1–3]. However, the development ofa CIM system is an incredibly complex962>>。

停车场设计外文翻译整理版

Parking Structures Functional DesignGreg ForceParking Structures:Recommended Practice for Design and Construction, Chapter 2, Parking Structures Functional Design. The United States of America:PCI committee on parking structures. Page 1～6.停车场结构功能设计格雷格力停车场结构的设计和施工建议做法，第2章，停车场结构功能设计。

美国：停车场结构PCI委员会。

1～6页。

2 停车场功能设计2.1 介绍本章概述了多层停车场的许多非结构性方面的设计。

停车场对于车辆的行驶、存取和行人的出行来说是种独特的交通设施，这种特性在车辆与行人的交流发生在相对密封的停车空间里时显得尤为突出。

由于这种独特性，停车设计专业方面的相关咨询已不断发展。

对于停车场细节的完整性以及工程的完成质量，项目所有人或开发商能留住一个合格的停车场顾问是非常重要的。

功能设计包括车辆和行人流通的开发以及停车位的布局。

这其中也包含了操作的和安全功能的设计。

对于自助型的停车场功能设计包括：停车场类型循环系统安全防护街道出入口设计车位配置照明收费控制／操作系统行人流通图形与标牌2.1.1停车场类型2.1.1.1操作类型两种普遍的停车场包括服务型和自助型。

在服务型停车场里，车主将车辆停放在入口处，由服务人员泊车。

当车主返回取车时，服务人员检索找到车辆并驾驶到出口处交给车主。

服务型停车场通常凭借堆叠停放来最大化停车数量（图2-1）。

这种停车场通常位于地价高昂的大城市。

如今，在北美最常见的是自助型停车场，车主自行存取车辆（图2-2）。

本章只讨论自助型停车场的功能设计方法。

2.1.1.2建筑规范类型建筑模型规范通常将停车场分为两类：开放式停车场和停车库。

本科毕业论文——停车场管理系统的设计与实现

本科毕业论文——停车场管理系统的设计与实现————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：编号本科生毕业设计停车场管理系统的设计与实现The design and implementation of parking lot managementsystem学生姓名专业计算机科学与技术学号指导教师学院计算机科学技术二〇一三年六月I毕业设计（论文）原创承诺书1．本人承诺：所呈交的毕业设计（论文）《停车场管理系统的设计与实现》，是认真学习理解学校的《长春理工大学本科毕业设计（论文）工作条例》后,在教师的指导下,保质保量独立地完成了任务书中规定的内容,不弄虚作假,不抄袭别人的工作内容.2．本人在毕业设计（论文）中引用他人的观点和研究成果，均在文中加以注释或以参考文献形式列出，对本文的研究工作做出重要贡献的个人和集体均已在文中注明。

3．在毕业设计（论文)中对侵犯任何方面知识产权的行为，由本人承担相应的法律责任。

4．本人完全了解学校关于保存、使用毕业设计（论文）的规定，即:按照学校要求提交论文和相关材料的印刷本和电子版本;同意学校保留毕业设计（论文）的复印件和电子版本，允许被查阅和借阅;学校可以采用影印、缩印或其他复制手段保存毕业设计（论文）,可以公布其中的全部或部分内容。

以上承诺的法律结果将完全由本人承担！作者签名: 年月日摘要伴随着科技的飞速发展，交通工具的越来越普及。

汽车作为人类社会中一个最主要的交通工具之一，起着重大作用.随着人们生活水平的提高，汽车的数量与日俱增，于是停车正在成为世界性的一个问题。

智能化的停车场管理系不但可以节省人员开支而且可以减少由于操作人员失误造成的损失，从而大大提高了管理效率。

本文论述了在Microsoft Visual Studio 2010开发软件工具下分析、设计、开发的停车场管理系统的过程。

停车场的管理外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

密级
分类号
编号
成绩
本科生毕业设计 (论文)
外文翻译
原文标题Management of parking lot
译文标题停车场的管理
作者所在系别机电工程学院
作者所在专业车辆工程
作者所在班级B13141
作者姓名邸宝龙
作者学号201322244
指导教师姓名孟立新
指导教师职称副教授
完成时间2017 年 3 月
北华航天工业学院教务处制
注：1. 指导教师对译文进行评阅时应注意以下几个方面：①翻译的外文文献与毕业设计（论文）的主题是否高度相关，并作为外文参考文献列入毕业设计（论文）的参考文献；②翻译的外文文献字数是否达到规定数量（3 000字以上）；③译文语言是否准确、通顺、具有参考价值。

2. 外文原文应以附件的方式置于译文之后。

智慧停车系统英文设计方案

智慧停车系统英文设计方案Design Proposal for Intelligent Parking System1. Introduction:The Intelligent Parking System is a state-of-the-art solution that aims to address the parking challenges faced in busy urban areas. It leverages advanced technologies to provide a seamless and efficient parking experience for both drivers and parking lot operators. This design proposaloutlines the key features and components of the Intelligent Parking System.2. System Architecture:The Intelligent Parking System is designed as a multi-layered architecture consisting of the following components:a. Mobile Application: A user-friendly mobile application is developed for drivers to easily find and reserve parking spots. It provides real-time information about available parking spaces, rates, and reservation options.b. Parking Lot Management System: This backend system is accessed by parking lot operators tomanage and monitor parking spaces. It includes features such as real-time occupancy tracking, payment processing, and reservation management.c. IoT Sensors: Smart parking sensors are installed in each parking space to detect the presence or absence of a vehicle. These sensors provide real-time data to the system, allowing it to accurately track parking occupancy.d. Server and Database: A centralized server and database store and process all the data collected from the IoT sensors, mobile application, and parking lot management system. It enables seamless communication between different components of the system.3. Key Features:a. Real-Time Parking Availability: The Intelligent Parking System provides drivers with real-time information about available parking spaces in their desired location. This helps reduce unnecessary traffic congestion and saves drivers time and effort in searching for parking.b. Reservation System: Users can reserve parking spaces in advance through the mobile application. This ensures that they have aguaranteed spot upon arrival and avoidsfrustrations of finding a parking space at the last moment.c. Payment Integration: The system includes secure payment integration, allowing drivers toeasily pay for parking through the mobile application. This eliminates the need for cash transactions and provides a seamless payment experience.d. Occupancy Tracking: The system uses IoT sensors to track the occupancy of parking spaces in real-time. This data is updated and shared with the mobile application, allowing drivers to see the availability of parking spaces before reaching the location.e. Parking Lot Management: The parking lot management system allows parking lot operators to efficiently manage and monitor their parking spaces. It provides features such as revenue tracking, reservation management, and real-time occupancy reports.f. Analytics and Reporting: The systemgenerates comprehensive analytics and reports for parking lot operators. This helps them optimizetheir parking operations, identify trends, and make data-driven decisions.4. Benefits of Intelligent Parking System:a. Improved User Experience: The Intelligent Parking System enhances the overall parking experience by providing real-time information, reservation options, and seamless payments. It eliminates the frustrations and uncertainties associated with finding parking in busy areas.b. Reduced Traffic Congestion: By guiding drivers to available parking spaces in real-time, the system helps reduce traffic congestion caused by drivers circling around in search of parking. This leads to smoother traffic flow and reduced emissions.c. Increased Revenue for Parking Lot Operators: The system enables parking lot operators to efficiently manage their parking spaces, maximize occupancy, and increase revenue. They can optimize pricing, offer attractive discounts, and track revenue using the parking lot management system.d. Environmental Benefits: With reduced traffic congestion and optimized parking, the IntelligentParking System contributes to a greener environment by minimizing fuel consumption and emissions.5. Conclusion:The Intelligent Parking System offers aholistic and intelligent solution to the parking challenges faced in urban areas. By leveraging advanced technologies and real-time data, the system provides a seamless and efficient parking experience for drivers and parking lot operators alike. Its key features, including real-time parking availability, reservation system, and occupancy tracking, make it a valuable addition to any busy parking environment.。

智能停车场管理系统 Intelligent parking system

Intelligent parking systemEuropean Journal of Operational Research ; 0377-2217 ; 2006;175volumes; 3Intelligent parking management system uses advanced technology and highly automated mechanical and electrical equipment, mechanical, and electronic computer-controlled equipment, and intelligent IC card technology combine management can be achieved through the computer management of vehicle access, automatic data storage function, the realization of de machine operation and provide - efficient management of the system.Smart new car park will be living concepts and architecture, information technology, computer electronics technology, such as the perfect combination of modern high-tech to provide a simple, easy-to-use, advanced system of human nature. It relies on high-tech, people-oriented, graphical man-machine interface operation, providing a more safe, comfortable, convenient, fast and open intelligent, information-based living space, promoting the healthy development of human environment.1 parking lot at home and abroad mainly in the following several types1.1 mechanical parkingMechanical parking car park is mainly a kind of mechanical means parking the car park completely by mechanical parking equipment such as tractor driving machine, driven wheels, car panels, sliding device, control cabinet, called the operation site, Rotary lift devices, handling devices, etc.. Lifting and transferring is divided into categories, vertical circulation category, the level of cycle-type, multi-cycle-type, flat type of mobile, vertical categories, such as the type of simple movements. Because of its unique and diverse way of parking, has a strong application. It covers an area of the main advantages of small, diverse selection can be combined with site specific characteristics of the design, but also with other means to implement a combination of a high degree of automation, easy operation, management and maintenance is also easier with quantitative parking characteristics.1.2 Plane parking systemIntelligent parking system parking systems for their plane to take the main inductive way IC card readers, so the car park is also called inductive system. At present, China is still in the car park car park is mainly flat, generally built in the basement of buildings, there are a number of public areas such as the Plaza, the road side as the car park, followed by the hotel, enterprises, factories, and other units of their own planning and design of the car park.1.3 Smart parkingIntelligent parking system is also called the vertical lift or elevator-type parking system parking systems. It is a set of equipment, operation, security, monitoring, maintenance, management of the intelligent system as a whole, the touch-screen human-machine interface, operation and use is also very convenient, with intelligent management and charges of the system. Its high degree of intelligence testing and perfecting the service system can be impaired also run zero. It is characterized by the largest original time control functions, the realization of sub-periods, stratified parking control, effectively improve the utilization of parking spaces. Password through the keyboard and the IC card can be realized vehicle access, the process of charging, easy operation and convenient access; and with the city parking system, enabling the city's parking card, and the installation of surveillance systems networking with the area. Another intelligent modular three-dimensional garage have begun to mature, not only to achieve a full modular design, use of intelligent control technology, but also made full use of solar energy technology, energy reserves (energy) technology. Smart Modular three-dimensional garage is no longer a whole building, which is a combination of independent modules, such as parking spaces, lifting devices, such as the smart car parts scattered, when construction of the architecture in a building block as long as the same as the all zero components assembled together, it becomes a standardthree-dimensional garage, with a time-saving and low cost.1.4 Remote-controlled car park management systemIntelligent parking system remote control features of the car park management system is not subject to parking restrictions on the location and direction, as long as the distance between the remote control to openthe door and can be carried under control. Remote control and easy to carry, cheap, easy to install. The main principle is that in the railings and electric machine control box installed on the remote control door controller card and memory card to receive, in use, as long as the correct password for the remote control can control the system. Its products have experienced from the allocation of code and then type the pulse cycle of the development process has matured. Remote-controlled car park management system has been widely used in many European and private residential parking.2 smart parking system characteristics2.1 strict management system chargesArtificial cash for the current charges is not only labor-intensive, low efficiency, and are vulnerable to financial loopholes and cause great loss of cash. The use of IC card management system fees, because fees are recognized by the computer, statistics and records, to avoid errors and cheating, such as a phenomenon, to effectively protect the interests of investors yard.2.2 high-performance securityBecause of the high degree of confidentiality of IC cards, and its encryption spend decades in general computer solution of the time can not, it can not be modeled, from the root system to ensure the credibility and feasibility.2.3 The management of a high degree of safety and soundnessArtificial taking the issue of credit cards where admission card at any time and without omissions recorded, lost car or false lost car occurred from time to time, to the car park management has caused many inconveniences to the parking lot also brought economic losses. Management fees and the use of a computer system, due to various types of card in the computer are detailed records of relevant information; monthly cards and stored value cards can be lost to re-submit a timely manner; hourly rate cards can also be lost at any time search, the timely processing of .At the same time, the system functions with the image contrast. Both types of parking the vehicle registration number, filing cards, a card dedicated to ensure the safety of parking. When the reader detects vehicle controller, the computer automatically grades and play out this license plate recognition system when the brand re-identification of comparison, the computer screen in real-time display of the number of vehicles out of the population, status, time, and the owner of the information. If the license plate wrong, the computer prompts at any time, and issued a warning not to leave, and other relevant personnel at the scene.2.4 durability and reliablePassive non-contact IC card, the card is generally coil for data transmission and reception of energy use, and all sealed and thereforehave a dust-proof and waterproof function. It should not be read-write heads to avoid the wear and tear tape, interference or failure due to dust accumulation and the head of the phenomenon in general can be used more than 100,000.2.5 Non-contact IC card technology leaderNon-contact IC card is the electromagnetic technology, RF technology, computer technology, code recognition technology integrated application of technology, with excellent water-proof, anti-fouling, anti-oil, anti-corrosion, anti-static and anti-distortion, such as destruction of properties.2.6 establish a good corporate imageGood corporate image is priceless intangible assets, smart parking system, the modernization of the use of high-tech products will no doubt enhance the image and visibility of property management, fee management computer system, in terms of product design, or package system brought about by the nature and management of scientific, management will have to establish a good image, so that virtuous circle of companies who step-by-step, and continuously forge ahead and become a model of scientific management.3 smart parking system equipmentIntelligent parking by the population, export and center management has three major components.3.1 imported parts: the main part of the population by the induction IC card reader, IC card a card machine, intercom extension, video cameras, vehicle sensors, parking detector, the entrance of the control panel, automatic road gates, vehicle detector coil and display parking spaces and so on.3.2 parts exports: exports mainly includes induction by IC card reader, camera, intercom extension, export control panel, automatic road gates, vehicles and vehicle detection coil contrast imaging system.Management Center 3.3: Management fees Management Center computers, monitors, hard disk video recorders, reports, printers, car park management fee component and system software.4 constitutes a smart parking system4.1 parking spaces for display systemThe entire smart parking system is a computerized management system, it needs real-time detection of the parking spaces, the intelligent parking system for this purpose may be to set up a parking space in each detector, through the signal processor into sub-systems managementsoftware, management software by analysis will present the best parking spaces in the parking spaces to the driver display screen at the same time open spaces and bright lights prompt, suggesting that drivers in this parking. Detector if the parking spaces to the parking garage with no vacancies, the screen display parking "garage fully booked" and the ticket machine shows "full digital garage" and that the vehicle no longer be allowed into the library.4.2 Anti-theft SystemAnti-theft system is a set of parking spaces in various places to install a high-key remote control, which work in parallel parking spaces detector. When the driver stopped the car after the storage operation will be remote control code to the vehicle; when the driver of the bus ready to take the Treasury to operate a remote control decoder to the vehicle. If there is no decoder check car alarm system-related work and linkage alarm or activate video surveillance systems, prevention of vehicle thefts.4.3 Monitoring SystemSurveillance system cameras, controllers, monitors, video recorders composition. The main parking garage for security surveillance, to ensure safe and secure parking.4.4 Image Comparison SystemContrast imaging system consists of cameras, snapshot controller, image processor and other components. When a vehicle or into the library card for the tickets, the capture controller to start a video camera image of the vehicle and the driver together with the votes held by the card or the coexistence of people of the information system of a database. When a vehicle inspection of library card or check, the capture controller again, and start off brand camera photo images, and then with the system database to compare information. If the information in line road brake automatically released from a column of vehicles; Otherwise, the message is not allowed and automatic alarm.4.5 Export SystemWhen a database of vehicles, the vehicle detector sensor signal out of the Treasury to inform the host computer and prompts the operator to prepare the operation, a video camera at the same time export images of the vehicle identification information and the corresponding number with the computer all the relevant information for comparison , in line with the fee should be calculated automatically and through the toll signs indicate that the driver prompt payment; warning if it does not match, suggesting that vehicle entry fees based on images taken during the manual more than right.Center Management System 4.6 softwareCenter software package management system is the smart parking management system the core of the smart parking system, it functions primarily by strong PC and peripheral equipment such as printers. Management Center can be used as a server device through the bus connection with the subsidiary, the exchange operating data, and data for the operation of automatic statistics, record-keeping. System has a password protection feature to prevent unauthorized management procedures are invasive and have a very strong graphics capabilities, able to plan parking garage, parking spaces occupied by the real-time, import and export, as well as channel opening and closing state of blockade, etc. displayed on the screen, car park to facilitate the management and scheduling. It is not only the construction unit to provide a flexible and effective management style, but also to have the self-maintenance function and the expansion of certain functions, in order to adapt to future technology development needs.5 Intelligent parking systemProducts are only to help human beings are becoming more efficient, more convenient and simple to solve the problem. Intelligent parking system as an advanced product is the ultimate human services, it can not be divorced from the principle of people-oriented or advanced technology is a waste. Technology therefore parking should also be in line with local conditions and give full play to all the features of the car park. In addition to the intelligent parking lot outside a number of basic functions should have the following functions.5.1 Induction card(1) long-range sensors;(2) waterproof, Antimagnetic, antistatic, wear-resistant, and information storage capacity, long service life;(3) through the card to pay parking fees, the realization of card functions;(4) to read and write fast, easy to operate;(5) use of non-directional, you can read and write in any direction over the work surface to complete reading and writing;(6) ID card reader and two-way password identification system.5.2 Automatic function(1) accept input signals manually for debugging installation;(2) delay, under-voltage, over-voltage automatic protection;(3) can be a buffer of two lift gate to receive instructions, can be had for cars;(4) gates with RS485 communication interface, an acceptable management fee of the direct control of the computer;(5) unloading device, in order to prevent external damage;(6) with anti control system, ensure the safety of vehicles;(7) photoelectric switch stroke control to replace the mechanical trip switch, long life;(8) compatibility, and to ensure that the needs of different types of customers;(9) with a balance to ensure the operation of light, smooth, small input power;(10) additional emergency manual device to prevent the occurrence of accidents;(11) circuit-wide non-contact control system, ensure the safety of vehicles.5.3 Import and Export function boxes(1) whether the perception of vehicles, car-free or not issuing card reader;(2) temporary user key access cards, access cards do not spit out the card in the specified time automatically close cards, card to avoid wastage;(3) usually show the clock and date;(5) identification card reader, alarm lights are null and void;(6) system at any time sensor reading into the ballot box has been the region's proximity card without lawful authority, a one-time read the card on the card type, card number, report the loss signs, sign into the game, the validity of such data, sent to CPU processing, in accordance with the type of card into the corresponding process, showing card number and state;(7) show the monthly card is valid and the card status (active, expired, report the loss or appearance into state);(8) non-real-time network control panel can operate both the effective operation of all built-in memory, database archiving, and preservation of more than 6000 records. Data can be recorded at any time by the administrator or have permission to access and uninstall leadership.Car park management software 5.4(1) image to identify a two-way comparison function;(2) property management system can read data, automatic generation of cards out of authority;(3) special treatment of special features of vehicles;(4) auto-complete temporary card charges, the effective monthly card release function;(5) set up a variety of billing methods, users choose their own settings;(6) when the graphics card type card reader and card status (active, expired, report the loss, into the state of play, etc.);(7) Vehicular access to the adjustable clock date, report the loss to uninstall blacklist;(8) classification administrator privileges. Support other workstations authorized access to data (events and images);(9) to generate various types of statistical reports and a powerful data retrieval query function;5.5 Management functions(1) can be run off-line can also be networked to run, even if the PC in the network interruption or failure of the normal operation of the event;(2) Vehicular access to the whole logic of self-locking intelligent control system, tightly controlled cardholders into, out of the actions are consistent with the "one card of a car" requirement;(3) command and control the import and export functions of the various settings and dynamic control system;(4) high reliability and adaptability of the digital vehicle detection system, anti-砸车device can ensure that both the approach of reversing the vehicle or vehicles, as long as the gate to stay under par, would not fall under gate with a manually under functional mode;(5) rolling LED electronic display prompts Chinese air show parking spaces so that users and administrators at a glance;(6) with UPS, to ensure that power outages in the system, the system at least more than the normal operation of 1h;(7) Intelligent Controller with RS485 communication interface, enabling the network to run a number of entrances and exits.6. parking plan。

智能停车辅助系统的系统配置--外文资料翻译【范本模板】

毕业设计（论文)外文资料翻译院:专业：姓名:学号：外文出处:(用外文写)附件：1。

外文资料翻译译文;2.外文原文。

附件1:外文资料翻译译文智能停车辅助系统的系统配置智能停车场管理系统采用先进技术和高度自动化的机电设备，将机械、电子计算机和自控设备以及智能IC卡技术有机地结合起来，通过电脑管理可实现车辆出入管理、自动存储数据等功能，实现脱机运行并提供-种高效管理服务的系统。

新型的智能停车场将生活理念和建筑艺术、信息技术、计算机电子技术等现代高科技完美结合,提供的是一种操作简单、使用方便、功能先进的人性化系统.它依靠高科技，以人为本,采用图形人机界面操作方式,提供一种更加安全、舒适、方便、快捷和开放的智能化、信息化生活空间,促进了人文环境的健康发展.本文介绍了目前开发的投资促进机构配置（智能停车辅助系统)。

IPAS允许司机指定目标位置的三个免费方法：基于单眼视觉的停车位置标记识别，基于超声波传感器的停车位置识别,和拖放GUI（图形用户界面)。

IPAS生成最优路径马赫指定的目标位置。

在停车场的运作,并估计自我车辆姿势使用ESP（电子稳定程序）的传感器,如车轮需要银行脚踏开关和传感器,转向角传感器。

IPAS自动控制制动和转向通过发送所需的促动ESP和轨迹通过可以EPS（电动助力转向)。

IPAS通知当前驱动器通过对停车操作后视图的图像轨迹估计,这是通过实验验证了系统的车辆。

关键词智能停车辅助系统，驾驶员辅助系统介绍我们都由六部分组成：自我车辆姿态估计,路径生成器和流浪汉;跟踪，主动制动系统，主动转向系统，和HMI(人机界面）.IPAS既可进行半自动的停车辅助系统，其中的转向操作自动化。

而且自动泊车辅助系统，其中转向和制动操作自动化。

指定目标位置定位的自动/半自动停车操作的目标位置。

我们开发了三个互补的方法：基于单目视觉的停车插槽标记识别,基于超声传感器的平行泊车插槽识别，和拖放的GUI（图形用户界面)。

自我车辆姿态估计实现通过利用各种传感器，包括轮速传感器的车辆姿态估计的阿克曼模型，转向角度传感器，制动踏板开关,和车轮角度传感器。

智慧停车系统翻译英文设计方案 (2)

智慧停车系统翻译英文设计方案Smart Parking System Design Proposal1. IntroductionThe purpose of this design proposal is to outline the key features and functionality of a smart parking system. This system aims to utilize technology to efficiently and effectively manage parking spaces, improve traffic flow, and enhance the overall parking experience for users. The proposed system incorporates various components such as sensors, mobile applications, and data analysis tools to achieve these objectives.2. System ArchitectureThe smart parking system consists of three main components: parking sensors, a central control unit, and a mobile application. The parking sensors are installed at each parking space to detect the presence of a vehicle. These sensors communicate with the central control unit, which processes the data received from the sensors and provides real-time information to the users through the mobile application.3. Parking Space DetectionThe parking sensors are responsible for accurately detecting the presence or absence of vehicles in each parking space. They utilize technologies such as infrared or ultrasonic sensors to detect the presence of a vehicle. These sensors are installed at a suitable height and angle to ensure accurate detection. This information is then relayed to the central control unit for further processing.4. Real-time Parking Availability InformationThe central control unit collects and analyzes the data from the parking sensors to determine the availability of parking spaces. This information is then communicated in real-time to the users through the mobile application. Users can access this information before reaching the parking lot and can easily find available parking spaces, saving time and reducing frustration.5. Navigation and GuidanceThe mobile application provides navigation and guidance features to help users find available parking spaces within the parking lot. Once a user selects a parking space, the application provides turn-by-turn directions to guide them to the designated parkingspace. This feature ensures efficient usage of parking spaces and minimizes the time taken to find a parking spot.6. Reservation SystemTo further enhance the user experience, the smart parking system includes a reservation feature. Users can reserve a parking space in advance through the mobile application. This feature is especially useful in busy areas where parking spaces are limited. Users can reserve a parking space for a specific time slot, ensuring they have a guaranteed spot upon arrival.7. Payment IntegrationThe smart parking system integrates payment options within the mobile application. Users can pay for their parking session using various payment methods such as credit/debit cards or mobile payment platforms. This eliminates the need for physical payment at parking meters and provides a convenient and seamless payment experience for the users.8. Data Analysis and StatisticsThe central control unit collects data from the parking sensors and stores it for further analysis. This data can provide valuable insights into parkingpatterns, occupancy rates, and peak hours. By analyzing this data, parking lot operators can optimize parking space allocation, allocate resources more effectively, and identify areas for improvement. They can also generate reports and statistics to monitor the performance of the parking system over time.9. Security and PrivacyThe smart parking system considers the security and privacy of users' personal information. All data transmission between the sensors, central control unit, and mobile application is encrypted to prevent unauthorized access. User information is securely stored and managed in compliance with privacy regulations. Additionally, the system includes surveillance cameras and security measures to ensure the safety of the parking lot and its users.10. ConclusionThe proposed smart parking system aims to revolutionize the traditional parking experience by utilizing technology to provide real-time parking availability information, navigation and guidance, and reservation features. The integration of payment options, data analysis tools, and security measuresenhances the overall efficiency, convenience, and security of the parking system. Implementing this system will greatly improve the parking experience for users and provide valuable insights for parking lot operators.。

停车管理系统英文文献

Spot and Park:Parking management systemTandeep SidhuComputer Science Dept.Univ.of Maryland,College Parktsidhu@ABSTRACTWhen visiting a new place for theﬁrst time or going to an event one must often deal withﬁnding a car parking space. This can be a challenging and frustrating task for number of reasons.In most cases,location of parking spots is not known before hand.Even if it is known,the parking location is not ideally suited(might not be the closest or cheapest). Furthermore,if one is visiting a location for some event,one must try toﬁnd a parking space amongst the limited park-ing spaces that are available at events attended by large group of people.Parking spaces can also have restrictions attached to them.Some parking lots are available only dur-ing certain hours of the day or they may only allow parking by people with permits.To help navigate through all these issues,we present an application that provides relevant and context sensitive information to visitors who need to look up parking.This information is available in real time thus providing user the necessary information to make informed decisions.1.INTRODUCTIONAccording to the last count,there are over45billion user generated documents on the Internet[5].These documents have been a tremendous source of information and are used by billions of people daily to answer all sorts of questions. With the advent of mobile phones in recent years,people look to access the same information that is available on the Internet from their mobile phones.The diﬀerence between information retrieval tasks before mobile phones and after mobile phones is that since the mobile phones,people tend to access lot more information while they are on the go (walking,driving,traveling,ﬂying,etc).This leads to lot of information retrieval tasks that are location speciﬁc.For example,while driving,I might need to look up the nearest gas station or the nearest place to eat.In general,location speciﬁc information is available on the Internet these days.For example,on Google Maps(a popu-lar maps application)[6]we can do location speciﬁc searches andﬁnd addresses,restaurants,gas stations,and many other things,all relative to the user’s current location. Unfortunately,the location speciﬁc information is only avail-able for major or popular entities like gas stations,restau-rants,addresses,rmation for things like parking is not available or is only sparsely available.For example,if we look up parking information for the University of Mary-land,College Park(UMD)campus on Google Maps,we just see the location of the main parking lots on the campus(see Figure1).No detailed information is available on any of the parking lots.We do not know the timings the parking lots are available or whether there are any restrictions in parking in the lots.If we search for the parking for UMD again on another maps application,Bing Maps[7],we do not even see any of the parking lots shown by Google Maps (see Figure2).In lot of situations,traﬃc and parking in-formation is available through speciﬁc website(in this case UMD’s own transportation website[8]).The transportation site does provide a detailed map of the campus with all the parking lots highlighted.The only problem with the parking information through this site is that such information is not geo-tagged so as a user one cannot get driving directions to it.The issue of sparsely available parking data at UMD is just one example.We found similar lack of data on other types of locations.The only places that tend to have detailed parking information are major hubs like airports,bus stations,train stations,etc.In such locations,not only location and avail-ability of parking lots is available but in some locations one also get to see real-time availability of parking spots.For example,at parking garages next to the Baltimore Wash-ington International airport(BWI)in Baltimore,Maryland, USA,one can exactly see the number of open parking spots on an electronic display board.At BWI,such information is not available online but at other airports it is available(for example,at the Minneapolist International Airport[9]).In order to address the issue of sparsely available parking in-formation,we propose a system called Spot and Park.This system will allow an organization like UMD to easily create and share their parking information with their users/visitors by making the information available online.The users then could easily access the information via their computers or mobile devices.The information will also be available in real-time thus allowing the users to make informed decisions quickly.Figure 1:Search results for parking at UMD in GoogleMapsFigure 2:Search results for parking at UMD in Bing MapsSpot and Park has been architected to work in variety of environments but we demonstrate its capabilities by apply-ing it to the University of Maryland,College Park campus.The UMD campus is a community of about 50,000students,faculty,and staﬀwho come in to campus every day to study,teach,and work.In addition to that,there are lot of visi-tors who come in to campus everyday for meetings,sports,and other cultural or social events.Spot and Park has beenFigure 3:Architecture of Spot and Parkdesigned to address the parking needs of all these ing this application,parking administrators can easily as-sociate parking lots with an event going on campus.Then when a visitor needs to lookup parking for an event,they can see all the parking lots associated with the event.The application is smart enough to show the parking lots sorted in distance (closest ﬁrst)so that the user sees the most ap-propriate parking lot on top of the list.Event visitors can also get driving directions to any of the parking lots and they can also see real-time parking availability.The organization of this paper is as follows.In the next section,we discuss work that is closely related to Spot and Park.In the following sections,we present the design and architecture of Spot and Park.2.RELATED WORKThere are number of applications and solutions that are try-ing to provide parking data to users.In addition to sites like Google Maps and Bing Maps,there are other websites like Parkopedia[1],ParkingSpotter[3],and Primo Spot[2].All these sites are speciﬁcally designed to help the user ﬁnd parking at any location in US.They all feature mobile apps that users can use while on the go to lookup nearest parking.Unfortunately,all these services suﬀer from lack of data.For example,search for parking in the College Park,MD area shows no close available parking in any of the 3websites (which is not true).The closest available parking is at a train station 3miles away.This global approach of provid-ing information for every town in this case is not working.A more targeted solution needs to be used like Spot and Park where individual cities or organizations can publish their parking data easily and share with their users.There have also been eﬀorts in providing real-time parking availability information to users.City of San Francisco is in the process of testing a technology called SFPark[4]which they have applied to their 28,800parking meters and 12,250parking spaces in garages that provides real-time parking in-formation.The technology uses sensors in each parking spot to ﬁgure out if the parking spot is available or ers can use a mobile app to access this parking information and to also pay for their parking.The SFPark technology is de-signed to increase (or decrease)the cost of parking based ondemand.In areas or during times of high demand,parking fees is higher compared to areas of less demand.This sort of technology seems as the ideal solution to solve the park-ing availability issues but its high cost of deployment (each parking meter needs to have a sensor),makes it less prac-tical.Spot and Park doesn’t completely replace the need of parking sensors to collect real-time parking availability information.Instead,we provide an architecture in which real-time information from automated sensors,attendants at each parking lot,or by some other means could be easily fed into Spot and Park.3.SYSTEM ARCHITECTURESpot and Park software architecture consists of 3compo-nents:a user facing mobile optimized website,an admin facing website,and a MySQL database (see Figure 3).We go over these 3components in detail now.3.1The mobile optimized websiteThe mobile optimized website is the main user facing inter-face of Spot And Park.Its purpose is to help students/staﬀand visitors ﬁnd parking at UMD campus.The application is also capable of providing driving directions to any of the parking lots.The application is designed using Web tech-nologies (JSP,HTML,Javascript,JQuery)which has the beneﬁt of making the application cross-platform so that it can be accessed on any mobile phone with a modern browser (that supports HTML5).The mobile website is designed keeping in mind the mobile nature of mobile phones.Since these devices might operate in area with slow wireless networks,the mobile website has been designed to use minimum bandwidth to load and op-erate the website.Note that since this application is only available over the web,it always requires an active internet connection to operate.In the future,we will look to add certain oﬄine capabilities that will allow the user to operate certain features of the application when there is no internet connection available.We will go over the actual user interface design of the mobile website later in this paper.3.2Admin websiteThe admin website serves as a tool that parking admin-istrators will use to manage the events that happen on the UMD ing this application,they could create new events,attach available parking lots to a given event,man-age the amount of available parking for an event,and control the availability of parking lots.Thus,this application serves as the main control module for managing all available park-ing on UMD campus.The data that parking administrators enter through this application will be saved in a MySQL database(discussed below)from where it will be access by the mobile website used by the students/staﬀand visitors. This admin interface is designed using PHP/HTML.We will go over the actual user interface design of the admin website later in this paper.3.3MySQL databaseThe MySQL database is used to house all the parking,event, building,and parking availability information.Some of this information will be static information like parking lot infor-mation(name,location,geo-coordinates,description)which has to be entered on-time manually into the database.There will also be lot of dynamic information like calendar of events which will be entered through the admin interface.In the database,we will also track the number of open spots for each parking lot.This data can be entered through the mobile website(admin only function)but because of the open nature of the database,could also be fed through other sources.For example,if we have a source that feeds us real-time availability of a parking spot(perhaps through sensors embedded on each parking spot),we can feed that informa-tion directly to this database.Once that information is in the database,it can be easily used by the mobile interface to show all users availability of parking lots.ER INTERFACE4.1Mobile WebsiteThe user interface of the mobile website is designed from the perspective of3types of users:student/staﬀwho go to UMD,visitors who frequently have to come to campus for meetings and events,and administrators who need to manage the parking lots and events(see Figure4).When a user loads the mobile website for theﬁrst time,they will be asked to specify what type of user they are.Based on their selection,they would be shown the appropriate func-tions.Note that once a user has speciﬁed their role in the system(either student,visitor,or admin),they do not have to specify the role again.So,next time the user loads this application,they will be automatically assigned their previ-ous role.We also provide the feature of allowing the user to change their role if needed.The whole application is built using mobile optimized inter-face which easily scales the size of the interface to match the screen dimensions of the mobile browser.It uses easy navigation ers can click on a link in any page and that page will be rendered using Web2.0style page ers can also navigate back to their previous page by pressing the back button in the application or the back button in their browser.They also have the option to press the home button to go back to the homescreen.Figure4:Spot and Park home screenNext we go over the interface design from the perspective of each user type.4.1.1Student/StaffStudents and staﬀtypically have assigned parking area on campus.They come regularly to campus so they are aware of the roads and the general structure and location of the park-ing lots.They regularly attend events on-campus and some-times these events are not close to their designated parking areas so they also have toﬁnd nearest parking.Because cer-tain events on campus(like football or basketball game)tend to take over parking lots allotted to people,students/staﬀare often asked to move their car before an event starts.So, this set of users could beneﬁt from being notiﬁed if there is an event happening on campus that would aﬀect their park-ing situation on a certain day.We have added this feature in the interface and is discussed below indetail.Figure5:Student/Staﬀhome screenThe mobile website for students/staﬀprovides3main func-tions:1.Parking for events:This shows events that are up-coming(see Figure6).The events are ordered in chronological order and separated by er can click on an event which will show the parking that is available for that event(see Figure7).The list of parking lots is ordered by distance from the event so closest parking is shownﬁrst.If the parking lot has some restrictions or is a paid parking lot that infor-mation is also shown.The availability of the parking lots is also shown including the number of available parking spots for each of the lots.The row displaying each parking lot is also color coded(green=available, red=unavailable)so that the user can easily spot the parking lots that areavailable.Figure6:List of eventsUsers can look at the list of parking lots to decide which is most appropriate for them or they can look at the parking lots in a map by clicking the View on Map button.In either of the views(list or map),a user can click on a parking lot,get more information about it,or get driving directions to the parking lot from their current location or some other address(see Figure8).2.Campus map:The campus map function will showthe location of all parking lots on campus.The parking lots can be viewed in a list or on a map.Same as the Parking for events feature,user can click on any of the parking lots to get more information about it or to get driving directions to it(see Figure9).3.Signup for notiﬁcations:As previously mentioned,this feature allows a student/staﬀto signup fornotiﬁ-Figure7:Parking locations for aneventFigure8:Driving directions to a parking lot cations of any upcoming disruptions to their parking assignments(see Figure10).Users need to specify their parking lot assignment and their email address. If in the future,there are any disruptions,we would email the user with the details of the event includ-Figure9:All parking lots shown on a maping instructions on what to do for alternative park-ing.Note,that this targeted notiﬁcation is better than blasting the entire campus community with an email regarding an event that might not aﬀect everyone oncampus.Figure10:Allows a user to signup for notiﬁcations 4.1.2VisitorIn most cases,visitors have similar needs as student/staﬀ. They need to be able toﬁnd parking for events that they might come to campus for.Visitors might come to campus for also other reasons like attend meetings.In these situa-tions,they are not coming in for some large event but are coming in to meet someone in a certain building.So,they just need to know where they canﬁnd closest parking for their meeting.So,we provide them the functionality that helps themﬁnd that information.The mobile interface for visitor provides2main functions (see Figure11):1.Parking for events and campus map:This worksexactly the same way as it does for student/staﬀ(ex-plained above).2.Parking for buildings:This allows a user to select abuilding on campus and then look at the closest avail-able er can view the parking lots on a map or in a list er can also get to see if a parking lot has fees attached to it and the hours of operation.They can also look up driving directions to any of the available parkinglots.Figure11:Visitor home screen4.1.3AdminThe main function parking administrators will need access to is the ability to manage the parking lots when an event is going on.They need to be able to look at the parking for any of the events,specify how many open spots are in each park-ing lot,and to mark each parking lot as full(thus making it unavailable for all users).We provide all this functionality through the mobile interface so that the parking adminis-trators can easily mange the lots while they are in theﬁeld (see Figure12).4.2Admin websiteAs previously mentioned,the admin website is used by the parking administrators to manage the events and parking. Administrators can create new events,associate parking lots with an event,change the availability of a parking lot,and do other administrative tasks through this interface(see Figure 13).5.FUTURE WORKCurrently,to provide the real-time parking spot availability, in this application we rely on the parking administrators to manually update the parking availability.As previously mentioned,if the parking availability data is provided from some other automated systems(like parking sensors in the parking spots),then we can integrate that data with ourFigure 13:AdminwebsiteFigure 12:Management of a parking lot application.Furthermore,there is also the possibility of involving the students and visitors in collecting the real time data.For example,if I go to a parking lot,and I notice that there is no availability,I could update that in Spot and Park.And this will be useful to anyone who uses the Spot and Park after I ing data collected from users will help build our information database much more quickly but we must watch out for the reliability of this data as it is not being collected from trusted sources.Currently,in this application,the location of parking lots and buildings is ﬁxed and is manually fed into the database.In future,we need to add more functionality to the mobile website (or the admin website)so that the building and lot information can be easily entered into the system.Since specifying buildings and parking lots also requires specify-ing geo-coordinates for these entities,this data collection is especially suited to be built in the mobile website where an administrator could use the GPS on a mobile device to ﬁnd out the geo-coordinates of a building or a parking lot.We have demonstrated the use of Spot and Park in a uni-versity environment.We should test it out in other envi-ronments as well which would help us make it a much more robust system.6.CONCLUSIONSIn this paper we have described an application called Spot and Park that aims to solve the problem of ﬁnding parking.This application with its ﬂexible architecture and easy to use interface will provide transportation or parking admin-istrators easy tools to deploy a parking management system in their organization.This application also has an easy to use mobile interface that will help guide visitors in ﬁnding parking for their destination.7.ACKNOWLEDGMENTSI would like to thank Dr.Ashok Agrawala for his continuous guidance on this project.8.REFERENCES[1]Parkopedia /.[2]Primospot /.[3]Parking Spotter /.[4]SFPark /.[5]Documents on the web/yahoo-boasts-size-of-its-search-engine-index/2036/.[6]Google Maps /.[7]Bing Maps /maps/.[8]Univ.of Maryland,College Park Transportationwebsite/maps.html [9]Minneapolis International Airport http://www.mspairport.com/parking/surepark.aspx。

停车场设计外文翻译整理版

美国：停车场结构PCI委员会。

1～6页。

2 停车场功能设计2.1 介绍本章概述了多层停车场的许多非结构性方面的设计。

停车场对于车辆的行驶、存取和行人的出行来说是种独特的交通设施，这种特性在车辆与行人的交流发生在相对密封的停车空间里时显得尤为突出。

由于这种独特性，停车设计专业方面的相关咨询已不断发展。

对于停车场细节的完整性以及工程的完成质量，项目所有人或开发商能留住一个合格的停车场顾问是非常重要的。

功能设计包括车辆和行人流通的开发以及停车位的布局。

这其中也包含了操作的和安全功能的设计。

在服务型停车场里，车主将车辆停放在入口处，由服务人员泊车。

当车主返回取车时，服务人员检索找到车辆并驾驶到出口处交给车主。

服务型停车场通常凭借堆叠停放来最大化停车数量（图2-1）。

这种停车场通常位于地价高昂的大城市。

如今，在北美最常见的是自助型停车场，车主自行存取车辆（图2-2）。

本章只讨论自助型停车场的功能设计方法。

2.1.1.2建筑规范类型建筑模型规范通常将停车场分为两类：开放式停车场和停车库。

智能停车场系统-毕业论文外文翻译

外文资料翻译Every day a signiﬁcant percentage of drivers in single-occupancy vehicles search for a parking space. Additionally, less experienced drivers or out-of-towners further contribute to the increase of traffic congestion. Search for a vacant parking space is a typical examp le of a search process. Every parking search strategy is composed of a set of vague rules. It is usually difficult to describe these rules explicitly. The type of the planned activity, time of a day, day of the week, current congest ion on particular routes, knowledge of city streets, and potentially available parking places have signiﬁcant inﬂuence on a chosen parking search strategy. On the other hand, the drivers usually discover diffierent parking alternatives one by one in a temp oral sequence. Clearly, this temporal sequence has a very strong inﬂuence on the driver's ﬁnal decision about the parking place[19].During the past two decades, traffic authorities in many cities (Helsink i, Cologne, Mainz, Stuttgart, Wiesbaden, Aalborg, Hague) have started to inform and guide drivers to parking facilities with real-time var-iab le message signs [directional arrows, names of the parking facilities, status (full, not full, number of availab le parking spaces, etc.)]. Information about the numb er of available parking spaces could be displayed on the major roads, streets and intersections, or it could be distrib uted through the Internet.It is logical to ask the question about the beneﬁts of the park ing guidance systems. Current practice shows that parking guidance systems usually do not change the occupancy rate or average parking duration. Drivers easily become familiar with the parking guidance systems, and majority of them use, thrust and appreciate the help of the systems[20].Guidance systems signiﬁcantly increase the probability of find ing vacant parking space, mitigate frustration of the drivers–visitors unfamiliar with the city center, decrease the queues in front of parking garages, decrease the total amo unt of vehicle-miles traveled (particularly in the city centers), decrease the average trip time, energyconsumption, and air po llutio n. Parking guidance system is a part of comprehensive parking policy and traffic management system, whose other elements are street parking control (includ ing sanctions for the illegally parked vehicles), parking fare structure, and parking revenue management system. Parking guidance systems help drivers to ﬁnd vacant parking spaces when they are already on the network, and approaching their ﬁnal destination. Througho ut this research the concepts of the parking reservation system and parking revenue management system are proposed. The proposed methodology could be app lied for parking lots and parking garages in cities and at the big international airports.The paper is organized as fo llows: Parking-pricing problems are presented in Section 2. Analogies between parking problems and some other industries are presented in Section 3. The parking revenue management system is introduced in Section 4, and the Intelligent parking space inventory contro l system is introduced in Section 5. The algorithm to create intelligent parking spaces inventory control system is presented in Sectio n 6. Results obtained with the ‘‘intelligent’’ park ing system are given in Section 7, an d Sec-tion 8 presents the conclud ing remarks and further research orientations.1.parking pricingIn majority of cities throughout the world drivers pay for using d ifferent parking facilities. In some instances, traffic congestio n can be significantly reduced as a result of parking price. The parking revenue is usually used to cover park ing facility costs (access gates, ticket printers, park ing meters, parking signs, attendants), or to improve some other traffic and transportatio n activities. Different parking pricing strategies should be a part of the comprehensive solutio n approach to the complex traffic congestion problems. There is no doubt that parking pricing represents one of the important demand management strategies. Forexamp le, traffic authorities, local governments and private sector could introduce higher parking tariffs for solo drivers or for long-term parkers in congested city areas. They could provide special parkingdiscounts to vanpoolers. Obviously parking pricing sho uld be carefully studied in the context of the considered city area (down-town, residential, commercial, retail use areas).In some cities (Madison, Wisconsin) there are already time dependent parking fees that force commuters to switch to diffierent alternatives of pub lic transportation. Trying to promote public transit San Francisco traffic authorities increased parking tariffs at pub lic and commercial garages. The Chicago authorities raised parking rates fewtimes. Authorities in Seattle signiﬁcantly reduced parking tariffs for c arpool at two Seattle parking facilities in downtown. Active role in parking pricing strategies could also have emp loyers paying for emp loyees' parking. Emp loyers who remove parking subsidies for the emplo yees could significantly decrease the total number of solo drivers. The main ro le of any parking pricing strategy should be reducing the total number At the same time, when trying to implement any parking strategy, it is very important to provide enough parking space for shoppers, to provide preferential parking for residents in considered city area, to provide preferential park ing for different parking locations, to consider low income families, and to protect streets in the neighborhood fro m illegal parking.The basic economic concepts of supply and demand should be more utilized when solving comp lex traffic congestion and parking problems (Vickrey, 1969, 1994; Verhoef et al., 1995). So-called value pricing is also known as congestion pricing, or variable tolling. The basic idea behind the concept of congestion pricing is to force drivers to travel and use transportatio n facilities more during off-peak hours and less during peak hours. The idea of congestion pricing is primarily connected with the road (drivers pay for using private, faster roads, drivers with lower vehicle occupancy pay for using High Occupancy Vehicle lanes, drivers pay more to enter city's downtown on weekdays) or airport operators (more expensive land ing fees during peak hours). In the context of parking prob lems, this means: that diffe rent parkingtariffs sho uld exist for different users; that the parking fees should increase and/or decrease few times during a day.2.Parking problems and revenue management systems: Analogies with so me other industriesAirline industry, hotels, car rental, rail, cruise, healthcare, broadcast industry, energy industry, golf,equip ment rental, restaurant, and other industries are utilizing revenue management concepts when selling their products (Cross, 1997). The roots of the revenue management are in the airline industry. The basic characteristics of the industries to which different revenue management concepts were successfully applied are: variab le demand over time; variable asset utilization; perishab le assets; limited resources; market segmentatio n; adding new capacity is expensive, difficult or impossib le; direct cost per client is negligib le part of the total cost of making service available; selling products in advance. The main characteristics of the parking space inventory control problems are the following:Parking demand is variab le over time.Like hotel rooms, or restaurant chairs, parking spaces also have daily opportunity to be ‘‘sold’’ (used by clients).Any parking lot or garage has limited number of parking spaces that can be used by driversMarket segmentation means that different custo mers are willing to pay different prices for the same asset (hotel room, airline seat, seat in a rented car). Businessman wanting to park a car near a meeting point 15 minutes before the meeting would be ready to pay much higher parking fee than a pensioner planning to walk with his wife through the downtown, who made parking reservation four day in advance.Build ing new garages and parking lots could be very expensive and sometimes very d ifficult.Parking places can be easily reserved in advance.3.Introducing parking revenue management systemA certain number of drivers would maybe cancel their reservations before beginning of the parking.These cancellations would also be made at random mo ments of time. Like in some other industries, a certain number of drivers would not appear in parking garage for which they have a con-ﬁrmed reservation and purchased ticket. Would these drivers be penalized for their behavior? Depending on ration between parking demand and parking supp ly, the answer could be ‘‘Yes’’ or ‘‘No’’.In case of a ‘‘nested reservation system’’, the high tariff request will not be rejected as long as any parking spaces are availab le in lower tariff classes. For examp le, if we have four tariff classes, then there is no booking limit for class 1, but there are booking limits (BLi, i = 2, 3, . . ., m) for each of the remaining three classes). All parking spaces are always availab le to class 1. There are always a certain number of parking spaces protected for class 1, certain number of parking spaces protected for classes 1 and 2, and certain number of parking spaces protected for classes 1, 2 and 3. If we make a request-by-request revision of booking limits, there is no longer a difference between distinct and nested reservation system.In this research (like in the paper of Teodorovic´et al., 2002) an attempt was made to make reservation decisio ns on the ‘‘request-by-request’’ basis. In the scenario that we consider, we assume that there are more than two types of tariffs. The basic characteristic of the parking space inventory contro l model that we propose is ‘‘real-time’’ decisio n mak ing about each driver request. The developed model is called an ‘‘intelligent’’ parking space inventory contro l syste[21].智能停车场系统每天都会有一个显著的比例single-occupancy车辆驾驶者在寻找一个停车位。

毕业设计外文翻译---智能停车系统[管理资料]

毕业设计(论文)外文资料译学院：机械电子工程学院专业：机械设计制造及其自动化姓名：学号：外文出处：(用外文写)附件：；。

附件1：外文资料翻译译文智能停车系统摘要：这篇文章探讨了停车预约系统和停车收益管理系统的基本概念。

所谓的“智能”停车厂是通过基于模糊逻辑技术和整数规划技术组合的存车控制系统来“在线“决定是否接受或拒绝新司机要求停车。

这种模型的第一步是要为许多不同模式的车辆到达提供最好的停车策略。

这些停车策略都是使用整数规划的方法开发的。

第二步，从最好的策略中学习，定义具体的规则。

该方法的独特性在于这些规则都是源自选择假设未来交通停车模式是众所周知的一系列例子。

结果就是都在假设未来的停车模式都是众所周知的条件下发现接近最好的解决方法。

关键字：交通、不确定性建模、控制、停车、模糊逻辑1.介绍每一天都有相当数量的自驾车司机寻找一个停车位。

此外，缺乏经验的司机或者外地车进一步加剧了交通堵塞。

寻找一个空的停车位是一个搜索过程的典型例子。

每一个停车搜索策略是由一组模糊规则组成。

这些规则通常难以明确地描述。

计划活动的类型，一天中的那个时间，一星期中的那天，目前在特定线路的拥挤情况，城市街道的状况和潜在的可用停车位都会对停车位搜索策略有重大的影响。

在过去的四十年里众多的停车搜索模型被开发出来。

在许多交通工具（出行方式，航空承运人的选择，机场的选择等等）要决策的情况下，决策者（旅客，司机）都预先知道这些互相竞争的选择和他们的特点。

在另一方面，司机们通常会在一个时间序列中发现一个又一个不同的停车选择，显然，这个时序会对司机的最终决定停车位有非常大的影响。

在过去的二十年里，交通局在许多城市（赫尔辛基、科隆、美因茨、斯图加特、威斯巴登、奥尔堡、海牙）便开始用实时可变信息标志[方向的箭头，停车设施的名称，状态（已满、未满、可用停车位数量）]来通知和引导司机停车。

可停车位的数量信息可以显示在主要道路、街道和十字路口，或者也可以通过互联网发布。

智能停车场中英文对照外文翻译文献

智能停车场中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)智能停车场最近几年来汽车的动态平衡与静态管理已成为许多专家学者重点研究的新课题。

智能停车场系统为了保证车辆安全和交通方便，迫切需要采用自动化程度高、方便快捷的停车场自动管理系统，提高停车场管理水平。

现阶段的目标就是要提供满足人们工作、生活、娱乐环境更科学、规范、有效快捷、安全、方便的智能停车场自动管理系统。

停车场管理系统正在向大型化、复杂化、集成化和高科技化方向发展，智能停车场系统已经被纳入智能建筑的一个重要子系统，并且正与智能建筑的其它子系统进一步高度集成。

智能停车场管理系统采用先进技术和高度自动化的机电设备，将机械、电子计算机和自控设备以及智能IC卡技术有机地结合起来，通过电脑管理可实现车辆出入管理、自动存储数据等功能，实现脱机运行并提供—种高效管理服务的系统。

新型的智能停车场将生活理念和建筑艺术、信息技术、计算机电子技术等现代高科技完美结合，提供的是一种操作简单、使用方便、功能先进的人性化系统。

它依靠高科技，以人为本，采用图形人机界面操作方式，提供一种更加安全、舒适、方便、快捷和开放的智能化、信息化生活空间，促进了人文环境的健康发展。

1 目前国内外停车场主要有以下几种类型1．1 机械式停车场机械式停车场是国内停车场主要的一种，机械式停车场是指停车场完全由机械停车设备如曳引驱动机、导向轮、载车板、横移装置、控制柜、召唤操作盘、升降回转装置、搬运器等构成。

分为升降横移类、垂直循环类、水平循环类、多层循环类、平面移动类、垂直升降类、简单升降类等类型。

因其停车方式多样独特，具有很强的应用性。

它的主要优点有占地面积小，选型多样、可具体结合场地特点设计，也可与其他方式相结合来实施，自动化程度高，操作使用方便，管理和维护也较为容易，具有定量存车的特点。

1．2 平面停车场系统智能停车场系统平面停车场系统因其主要采取感应式IC卡读卡方式，所以也叫感应式停车场系统。

停车管理系统英文文献

智能停车场系统中英文对照外文翻译文献

智能停车场系统中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)原文：Intelligent parking systemAbstractThe basic concepts of the parking reservation system and parking revenue management system are discussed in this paper. The proposed intelligent’’ parking space inventory control system that is based on a combination of fuzzy logic and integer programming techniques makes ‘‘on line’’ decisions whether to accept or reject a new driver's request for parking. In the ﬁrst step of the proposed model, the best parking strategies are developed for many different patterns of vehicle arrivals. These parking strategies are developed using integer programming approach. In the second step, learn-ing from the best strategies, speciﬁc rules are deﬁned. The uniqueness of the proposed approach is that the rules arederived from the set of chosen examples assuming that the future traffic arrival patterns are known. The results were found to be close to the best solution assuming that the future arrival pattern is known.Keywords: Traffic; Uncertainty modeling; Control; Parking; Fuzzy logic 1.IntroductionEvery day a signiﬁcant percentage of drivers in single-occupancy vehicles search for a parking space. Additionally, less experienced drivers or out-of-towners further contribute to the increase of traffic congestion. Search for a vacant parking space is a typical example of a search process. Every parking search strategy is composed of a set of vague rules. It is usually difficult to describe these rules explicitly. The type of the planned activity, time of a day, day of the week, current congestion on particular routes, knowledge of city streets, and potentially available parking places have signiﬁcant inﬂuence on a chosen parking search strategy. During the last four decades numerous parking search models have been developed (Vander Goot, 1982; Axhausen and Polak, 1991; Polak and Axhausen, 1990; Young et al., 1991a,b; saltzman, 1997; Shoup, 1997; Steiner, 1998; Thompson and Richardson, 1998; Arnott and Rowse, 1999; Tam and Lam, 2000; Wong et al., 2000; Waterson et al., 2001). In many decision-making situations in transportation (modal split, choice of air carrier, choice of airport, etc.) the competitive alternatives and their characteristics are reasonably well known in advance to the decision maker (passenger, driver). On the other hand, the drivers usually discover diffierent parking alternatives one by one in a temporal sequence. Clearly, this temporal sequence has a very strong inﬂuence on the driver's ﬁnal decision about the parking placeDuring the past two decades, traffic authorities in many cities (Helsinki, Cologne, Mainz, Stuttgart, Wiesbaden, Aalborg, Hague) havestarted to inform and guide drivers to parking facilities with real-time var-iable message signs [directional arrows, names of the parking facilities, status (full, not full, number of available parking spaces, etc.)]. Information about the number of available parking spaces could be displayed on the major roads, streets and intersections, or it could be distributed through the Internet.It is logical to ask the question about the beneﬁts of the parking guidance systems. Current practice shows that parking guidance systems usually do not change the occupancy rate or average parking duration. Drivers easily become familiar with the parking guidance systems, and majority of them use, thrust and appreciate the help of the systems. Guidance systems signiﬁcantly increase the probability of finding vacant parking space, mitigate frustration of the drivers–visitors unfamiliar with the city center, decrease the queues in front of parking garages, decrease the total amount of vehicle-miles traveled (particularly in the city centers), decrease the average trip time, energy consumption, and air pollution. Parking guidance system is a part of comprehensive parking policy and traffic management system, whose other elements are street parking control (including sanctions for the illegally parked vehicles), parking fare structure, and parking revenue management system.Parking guidance systems help drivers to ﬁnd vacant parking spaces when they are already on the network, and approaching their ﬁnal destination. Throughout this research the concepts of the parking reservation system and parking revenue management system are proposed. Such systems would help drivers to ﬁnd a vacant parking space even before beginning their trip. The proposed ‘‘intelligent’’parking space inventory control system that is based on the combination of simulation, optimization techniques, and fuzzy logic makes ‘‘real-time’’ decisions as to whether to reject or accept a new request for parking. The proposedmethodology could be applied for parking lots and parking garages in cities and at the big international airports.The paper is organized as follows:1. Parking-pricing problems are presented in Section 2. Analogies between parking problems and some other industries are presented in Section 3. The parking revenue management system is introduced in Section 4, and the Intelligent parking space inventory control system is introduced in Section 5. The algorithm to create intelligent parking spaces inventory control system is presented in Section 6. Results obtained with the ‘‘intelligent’’ parking system are given in Section 7, and Sec-tion 8 presents the concluding remarks and further research orientations.2.parking pricingIn majority of cities throughout the world drivers pay for using different parking facilities. In some instances, traffic congestion can be significantly reduced as a result of parking price. The parking revenue is usually used to cover parking facility costs (access gates, ticket printers, parking meters, parking signs, attendants), or to improve some other traffic and transportation activities. Different parking pricing strategies should be a part of the comprehensive solution approach to the complex traffic congestion problems. There is no doubt that parking pricing represents one of the important demand management strategies. For example, traffic authorities, local governments and private sector could introduce higher parking tariffs for solo drivers or for long-term parkers in congested city areas. They could provide special parking discounts to vanpoolers. Obviously parking pricing should be carefully studied in the context of the considered city area (down-town, residential, commercial, retail use areas).In some cities (Madison, Wisconsin) there are already time dependent parking fees that force commuters to switch to diffierent alternativesof public transportation . Trying to promote public transit San Francisco traffic authorities increased parking tariffs at public and commercial garages. The Chicago authorities raised parking rates few times. As a consequence, the total number of cars parked significantly decreased, as well as parking duration time. The greatest decrease was in the number of all day parkers. Authorities in Seattle signiﬁcantly reduced parking tariffs for carpool at two Seattle parking facilities in downtown . Active role in parking pricing strategies could also have employers paying for employees' parking. Employers who remove parking subsidies for the employees could significantly decrease the total number of solo drivers. The main role of any parking pricing strategy should be reducing the total number of vehicle trips during certain time periods, shifting commuters to alternative transportation modes, and to different parking locations. At the same time, when trying to implement any parking strategy, it is very important to provide enough parking space for shoppers, to provide preferential parking for residents in considered city area, to provide preferential parking for different parking locations, to consider low income families, and to protect streets in the neighborhood from illegal parking.The basic economic concepts of supply and demand should be more utilized when solving complex traffic congestion and parking problems (Vickrey, 1969, 1994; Verhoef et al., 1995). So-called value pricing is also known as congestion pricing, or variable tolling. The basic idea behind the concept of congestion pricing is to force drivers to travel and use transportation facilities more during off-peak hours and less during peak hours. The idea of congestion pricing is primarily connected with the road (drivers pay for using private, faster roads, drivers with lower vehicle occupancy pay for using High Occupancy Vehicle lanes, drivers pay more to enter city's downtown on weekdays) or airportoperators (more expensive landing fees during peak hours). In the context of parking problems, this means: (a) that different parking tariffs should exist for different users; (b) that the parking fees should increase and/or decrease few times during a day.3.Parking problems and revenue management systems: Analogies with some other industriesAirline industry, hotels, car rental, rail, cruise, healthcare, broadcast industry, energy industry, golf,equipment rental, restaurant, and other industries are utilizing revenue management concepts when selling their products (Cross, 1997). Revenue management could be described as a group of different scientiﬁc techniques of managing the company revenue when trying to deliver the right product to the right client at the right price at the right time. The roots of the revenue management are in the airline industry. The basic characteristics of the industries to which different revenue management concepts were successfully applied are: (a) variable demand over time; (b) variable asset utilization; (c) perishable assets; (d) limited resources; (e) market segmentation; (f) adding new capacity is expensive, difficult or impossible; (g) direct cost per client is negligible part of the total cost of making service available; (h) selling products in advance. The main characteristics of the parking space inventory control problems are the following:· Parking demand is variable over time.· Like hotel rooms, or restaurant chairs, parking spaces also have daily opportunity to be ‘‘sold’’ (used by clients).·Any parking lot or garage has limited number of parking spaces that can be used by drivers· Market segmentation means that different customers are willing to pay different prices for the same asset (hotel room, airline seat, seat ina rented car). Businessman wanting to park a car near a meeting point 15 minutes before the meeting would be ready to pay much higher parking fee than a pensioner planning to walk with his wife through the downtown, who made parking reservation four day in advance.· Building new garages and parking lots could be very expensive and sometimes very difficult.· Parking places can be easily reserved in advance.Introducing and developing parking reservation system (created in an Internet and cell phone environ-ment) would present further improvement in modern parking technologies. Drivers would be advised and guided before beginning of the trip, as well as during the trip. Parking reservation system should be coupled with the parking revenue management system. In this way, parking operators and traffic authorities would be able to implement different parking strategies. Once the driver is allowed to park, it is possible to implement internal garage guidance system that guides the driver to an empty parking place.4.Introducing parking revenue management systemLet us assume that we have parking reservation system. Drivers make their requests for parking at random moments of time (by phone from home, by cell phone while driving, through the Internet, etc.).A certain number of drivers would maybe cancel their reservations before beginning of the parking.These cancellations would also be made at random moments of time. Like in some other industries, a certain number of drivers would not appear in parking garage for which they have a con-ﬁrmed reservation and purchased ticket. Would these drivers be penalized for their behavior? Depending on ration between parking demand and parking supply, the answer could be ‘‘Yes’’ or ‘‘No’’.Reservation system should be ﬂexible enough allowing some drivers to appear right before wished beginning of parking, looking for an emptyspace in a garage, even though they do not have a conﬁrmed reservation. Would it be good to have few different parking tariffs? The answer is obviously ‘‘Yes’’. Drivers paying lower parking tariffs could be disabled and senior citizens, people who reserve parking space few days in advance, or HOV drivers. Drivers paying higher tariffs could be solo drivers, long term parking drivers, or drivers showing up and asking for parking without making reservation in advance. Obviously, there is a lot of possible parking pricing strategies.The stochastic nature of reservation generation and cancellation, the stochastic nature of driver show-up during reserved time slot, variety of parking tariffs, and the need to respond to drivers' requests in real time, indicate that the management of parking garage revenues represents a complex problem.In the past 30 years a relatively large number of papers have been devoted to different aspects of the air-line seat inventory control problem (Littlewood, 1972; Belobaba, 1987; Brumelle and McGill, 1993; Teodorovic et al., 2002). The model proposed in this paper is highly inspired by the developed airline yield management stochastic and/or deterministic models.Let us assume that we have few different parking tariffs. The simplest reservation system (similar to some airline reservation systems in the past) could be ‘‘distinct tariff class parking space inventories’’ (Fig. 1(a)),indicating separate parking spaces in the garage for each tariff class. In this case, once the parking space is assigned to a tariff class, it may be booked only in that tariff class or else remains unsold. There are certain advantages, as well as certain disadvantages in the case of distinct parking space inventories. In this case users paying lower tariffs would be relatively well ‘‘protected’’. In other words, this system would pay a lot of attention to the disabled person, senior citizens,people who reserve parking space few days in advance, and HOV drivers. Obvious disadvantage of the distinct parking space inventories is the fact that very often some parking spaces assigned to lower tariff users would be empty even the higher tariff users demand is very high. In other words, it would be possible to reject some drivers even all parking spaces in garage are not occupied.In case of a ‘‘nested reservation system ’’, the high tariff request will not be rejected as long as any parking spaces are available in lower tariff classes. For example, if we have four tariff classes, then there is no booking limit for class 1, but there are booking limits (BLi, i = 2, 3, . . ., m) for each of the remaining three classes (Fig. 1(b)). As we can see from Fig. 1(b), all parking spaces are always available to class1. There are always a certain number of parking spaces protected for class 1, certain number of parking spaces protected for classes 1 and 2, and certain number of parking spaces protected for classes 1, 2 and 3. If we make a request-by-request revision of booking limits, there is no longer a difference between distinct and nested reservation system.In this research (like in the paper of Teodorovic ´ et al., 2002) an attempt was made to make reservation decisions on theBL1BL2BLmCBL1=CBL2BLm (a)(b)Fig.1‘‘request-by-request’’ basis. In the scenario that we consider, we assume that there are more than two types of tariffs. The basic characteristic of the parking space inventory control model that we propose is ‘‘real-time’’ decision making about each driver request. The developed model is called an ‘‘intelligent’’ parking space inventory control system.译文：智能停车场系统摘要：本文讨论停车预订系统和停车收入管理系统的基本概念.拟议的智能停车空间的库存控制系统，基于模糊逻辑和整数规划技术相结合，使“上线”决定是否接受或拒绝新的驱动程序的停车要求。

停车场管理系统设计与实现-外文翻译

附件1：外文资料翻译译文基于FPGA的停车场管理系统的设计与实现摘要由于汽车数量在快速的增加。

它造成污染（噪声和空气）交通挤塞的问题。

为了克服这个问题。

提出了基于FPGA 的停车系统。

在本文，停车场系统实现了利用有限状态机模型。

该系统具有两个主要模块即识别模块和检查模块的插槽，识别模块标识位访客，插槽检查模块检查有关插槽的状态，这些模块是在高密度脂蛋白中建模，在FPGA 上实现。

结合传感器接口、步进电机、液晶屏的各种接口设计了一个原型的停车系统。

关键词︰有限状态机；停车场系统；容量-51.介绍车辆交通拥堵是一个世界性的问题。

近年来，已经全力在实现一种方法来减少拥堵、事故和灾害等停车问题。

图1：城市交通拥堵趋势如中所示图 1 拥塞显然逐年增加，它显示了一些问题。

图中表明拥塞需要花更长的时间才能到从工作中"尖峰时刻"。

停车场系统还可以利用创新技术提高付费停车方便和快捷。

现今，刷一下智能卡就可以实现付费功能，减少交易时间。

移动设备也可以用于支付交易。

公共地区需要停车系统，能够有效的运作，与其他城市公用地区相结合。

因为没有适当方式，所以分配车位的停车场管理系统在协调和集中管理中呈现了失败的效果。

为了避免这些问题，提出智能停车系统的设计，用基于FPGA 来检查某些功能块。

近年来，FPGA 的可重构是有效的方法来实现的设计，因为FPGA 提供通用处理器和ASIC 之间的协调。

基于FPGA 的设计也更灵活，可编程，可重新加载。

基于FPGA 的设计可以方便地修改软件部分。

2.相关工作宫俊燕等相关人士,提出一种新颖，安全,智能的停车系统（智能停车）主要是基于保护无线网络与传感器通信。

停车空间利用率高和免费、快速的现时间是提出研究的目的。

苏春、安康山等，提出了用停车系统中的驱动程序来了解在停车场的帮助下SMS 服务空间的可用性。

驱动程序可以发送短信实现请求新的空间，如果前一个被填满，驱动程序可以找到最近的空间停车使用基于无线移动的汽车停车系统。

英语作文-停车服务行业的智能停车系统与设备应用

英语作文-停车服务行业的智能停车系统与设备应用The advent of smart technology has revolutionized various industries, and the parking service sector is no exception. Intelligent parking systems and devices have emerged as innovative solutions to address the challenges associated with parking in congested urban areas. In this article, we will delve into the application of smart parking systems and devices in the parking service industry.Firstly, smart parking systems leverage advanced technology such as sensors, cameras, and data analytics to optimize parking space utilization. These systems provide real-time information about available parking spots, thereby reducing the time spent searching for parking and alleviating traffic congestion. By guiding drivers to vacant parking spaces through mobile apps or electronic signage, smart parking systems enhance overall efficiency and convenience for both motorists and parking operators.Moreover, smart parking devices play a crucial role in enhancing the user experience and streamlining parking operations. Automated ticketing machines equipped with contactless payment options enable seamless transactions, eliminating the need for physical tickets and reducing queue times. Additionally, license plate recognition technology facilitates smooth entry and exit processes, minimizing manual interventions and enhancing security measures.Furthermore, the integration of smart parking systems with Internet of Things (IoT) platforms enables remote monitoring and management of parking facilities. Parking operators can remotely track occupancy levels, monitor equipment status, and analyze parking patterns to optimize resource allocation and improve service quality. By leveraging data-driven insights, operators can implement dynamic pricing strategies, incentivize off-peak parking, and mitigate parking congestion during peak hours.In addition to improving operational efficiency, smart parking systems contribute to sustainability efforts by reducing carbon emissions and promoting eco-friendly practices.By minimizing the time spent circling for parking and optimizing traffic flow within parking facilities, these systems help mitigate vehicle emissions and alleviate environmental impacts associated with urban mobility. Furthermore, the implementation of electric vehicle (EV) charging stations within parking facilities encourages the adoption of electric vehicles and supports the transition to greener transportation alternatives.Moreover, smart parking systems enhance accessibility and inclusivity by offering features such as designated parking spaces for persons with disabilities and integration with mobility assistance services. By prioritizing accessibility and ensuring compliance with relevant regulations, these systems promote inclusivity and cater to the diverse needs of all users.In conclusion, the application of intelligent parking systems and devices represents a significant advancement in the parking service industry. By leveraging cutting-edge technology, these systems optimize parking space utilization, streamline operations, and enhance the user experience. Moreover, they contribute to sustainability efforts, promote accessibility, and support the transition towards smarter and more efficient urban mobility solutions. As cities continue to grow and evolve, smart parking solutions will play an increasingly vital role in addressing the challenges of urbanization and shaping the future of transportation.。

BHC-ParkingSYS停车场管理系统

BHC-ParkingSYS停车场管理系统停车场管理系统设计方案——稳定、实用、经济、先进的停车场管理系统1、公司概述厦门市威通控制系统开发有限公司是一家主要从事智能化停车场管理设备、门禁/考勤设备及其它相关电子产品的开发、生产和经营的高科技民营企业。

大手控制是公司的一个注册商标，它代表一系列优秀的产品、技术和服务。

威通公司总部坐落在美丽海滨城市厦门的繁华商业区，工厂设在厦门火炬高新技术开发区。

公司通过引进国外先进的设备和技术经验、采用优质进口的元器件和关键部件成功推出了国内领先的BHC-ParkingSYS停车场管理系统、BHC-AccessSYS网络门禁/考勤系统等一系列机电产品，其中BHC-ParkingSYS停车场管理系统在国内率先采用了先进的条形码纸票收费技术和工业现场总线控制技术，填补了国内空白。

威通公司拥有雄厚的技术力量、现代化的管理手段和完善的售后服务体系，建立了严格的品质管理制度，使公司产品的品质在各个方面都得到了充分的保证。

在售后服务方面，专门成立了售后服务队，保证客户在承诺的时间内得到优质的服务。

威通公司将以优质的产品、优良的服务，力求在产品的生产和经营方面树立一个优秀的民族品牌。

2、停车场概述2.1中国停车场的现状目前，“停车难”已经成为国内一些大城市早已遇到的棘手问题。

有数据表明，国内城市每4.84辆机动车才有一个停车位，有的城市平均每31辆车才配有一个停车位。

而且国内购买私家车处在上升阶段，如果采取过去那种计划经济的手段限制私家车的发展，无疑是因噎废食，矫枉过正。

透过城市停车难表象不难发现，造成城市停车矛盾的因素很多，主要产生的根源是停车空间的供需失衡，以及停车场的规划布局是否合理、管理手段与收费价格是否合理、停车容量和设计与周围的道路交通是否匹配等多种因素。

在国内，“停车经济”在一些大都市初见端倪，被专家称为朝阳产业。

国内一些投资者已开始抓住这一商机，抢滩停车产业，去分食汽车经济价值链上这块诱人的“奶酪”。

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附件1：外文资料翻译译文基于FPGA的停车场管理系统的设计与实现摘要由于汽车数量在快速的增加。

它造成污染（噪声和空气）交通挤塞的问题。

为了克服这个问题。

提出了基于FPGA 的停车系统。

在本文，停车场系统实现了利用有限状态机模型。

该系统具有两个主要模块即识别模块和检查模块的插槽，识别模块标识位访客，插槽检查模块检查有关插槽的状态，这些模块是在高密度脂蛋白中建模,在FPＧＡ上实现。

结合传感器接口、步进电机、液晶屏的各种接口设计了一个原型的停车系统。

关键词︰有限状态机；停车场系统；容量-5１．介绍车辆交通拥堵是一个世界性的问题。

近年来,已经全力在实现一种方法来减少拥堵、事故和灾害等停车问题。

图1:城市交通拥堵趋势如中所示图 1 拥塞显然逐年增加,它显示了一些问题。

图中表明拥塞需要花更长的时间才能到从工作中＂尖峰时刻"。

停车场系统还可以利用创新技术提高付费停车方便和快捷。

现今，刷一下智能卡就可以实现付费功能,减少交易时间。

移动设备也可以用于支付交易。

公共地区需要停车系统,能够有效的运作，与其他城市公用地区相结合。

因为没有适当方式,所以分配车位的停车场管理系统在协调和集中管理中呈现了失败的效果。

为了避免这些问题,提出智能停车系统的设计，用基于FPGA 来检查某些功能块。

近年来，FPGA 的可重构是有效的方法来实现的设计，因为ＦＰＧA 提供通用处理器和ASIC 之间的协调。

基于FPGA 的设计也更灵活,可编程，可重新加载。

基于FＰGA 的设计可以方便地修改软件部分。

2.相关工作宫俊燕等相关人士,提出一种新颖，安全,智能的停车系统(智能停车)主要是基于保护无线网络与传感器通信。

停车空间利用率高和免费、快速的现时间是提出研究的目的。

苏春、安康山等,提出了用停车系统中的驱动程序来了解在停车场的帮助下SＭS 服务空间的可用性。

驱动程序可以发送短信实现请求新的空间,如果前一个被填满,驱动程序可以找到最近的空间停车使用基于无线移动的汽车停车系统。

结果，表明该系统有效地分配的插槽和充分利用停车空间。

安古普塔等，描述了阿克曼转向配置高效汽车停车算法。

该算法利用几何计算路径规划。

结果显示了一个快速、高效、安全的停车系统。

花春潭等,提出了用于大型停车场的高效停车搜索技术。

在这篇文章中，提出在道路附近的停车场安装摄像机和捕获关于汽车颜色和车牌识别的信息，并保存到数据库中。

谢刚等，提出了一个停车系统,消除了关于空档停车的问题。

作者使用无线技术来提高停车效率。

宫俊燕等，提出通知基于停车系统。

在这停车系统中,驱动程序可以查询及预订停车位，以及为安全目的加密／解密技术使用，仿真结果都是高效的。

InsｏｐSo ｎg等提出基于FPGA 停车系统，采用模糊逻辑控制器（FLC),主要优点是计算时间大量减少了。

在这项研究工作中，模拟真实环境中使用VHDL代码测试机器人小车，并在基于FＰGA 的基础上进行测试。

3．停车场管理系统停车系统的基本操作解释为︰当车辆进入停车场时，液晶屏显示内容提示，是否有停车位空缺。

如果有空位，然后启动电机，打开停车场入口的门。

射频模块用来传送和接收插槽可用性信息。

根据射频模块的输出,LEＤ的发光。

根据信息驱动程序可以停车。

停车系统框图所示图2．主机计算机作为控制单元。

主要程序为FPGA。

图2:停车系统的结构图３．1硬件执行LCＤ为16引脚配置,Vｓs是接地引脚，Vcｃ是电源引脚,Vee用于控制对比度，RS为寄存器选择引脚，命令和数据根据RS引脚状态选择，E为使能信号。

ＤB0-ＤB7是数据线１5和16引脚用于调整背光。

分配给FPGＡ的ＬＣD的控制和数据线如图３所示。

图３(ａ）：LCＤ与ＦPGＡ接口（引脚分配)步进电机通过使用ＵＬN ２０03与FPＧA连接。

开发板的任何I ／Ｏ端口可用于接口。

在图中，开发板的DI/O端口用于与步进电机的连接。

FＰGA,ULN 20０3和步进电机的引脚分配如图3(b)所示。

图3(b)：步进电机与FPGA的接口（引脚分配)射频模块：在本模块中，红外传输接收器用于检测车辆是否存在。

红外传感器向HT12E编码器发送插槽状态。

编码器由1８引脚配置。

并行数据由编码器转换为串行。

收集数据在编码器的数据输出引脚。

从数据输出引脚串行发射到RF发射器。

在RＦ接收机处串行接收数据。

ＨＴ12D解码器从ＲF接收器接收数据,然后将转换器串行转换回并行形式。

ＨT１2Ｄ解码器的数据引脚与Vｉｒtex 5CＩ/O端口信号引脚连接。

图3(c）:HT12D解码器与FPＧA的接口（引脚分配）平台:由IR传感器、HT１２E编码器、ＲF模块、HT1２D解码器和FPGA 的ＬEＤ组成,用于显示结果。

软件模块：Ｘｉｌｉnｘ版本1２.4用于VHDＬ编码。

接口：在提出的系统ＬCD中，步进电机和RF模型接口是用FPGA完成的。

３.2有限状态机的系统的运行为了实施停车系统状态图构造。

我们知道模拟系统的执行空间的可用性,电机旋转的门打开，标识和插槽的可用性信息。

该系统包括︰识别插槽选择插槽4．ＦＰGA 实现4.1 设计停车系统与状态机图ＡＳMD 图表是算法状态机图。

显示停车系统流程图的工作方式。

对于模拟模型，椭圆形的心形的盒子用来描述过去的状态，以及当前输入的输出。

图中所示的图表ASMD 是停车场系统工作。

在停车场入口处,液晶屏显示停车系统的状态。

如果有可用空间，然后液晶显示可用空间其他液晶显示没有空间退出。

根据空间状态马达旋转顺时针方向。

后该鉴定单位标识的人。

为新成员分配临时卡。

经过鉴定，检查插槽状态。

状态可以是填充、空或保留。

在这个过程中使用射频传感器。

图４:停车场管理系统的ＡＳMＤ图4.2结果检查门空间后，会打开步进电机。

然后模拟时钟脉冲和重置应用会输入。

碳纳米管和clkｄ是信号。

当重置高向低，步进电机转动。

步进电机的仿真波形图４(a)所示。

图4（a)︰模拟步进电机放图４（b)︰RTL 视图步进电机与LＣD接口技术如上图显示了ＲＴL 视图步进电机与LCＤ接口技术。

clk 是系统时钟信号,rst 是控制信号，D(7:0) 是数据线，Z(3:０）是步进电机的输出信号，E 是液晶显示器的使能信号,ｒs 是寄存器选择信号。

ｒｗ是读/写控制信号。

当门打开了时,识别过程开始。

w，w１、w2、z、ｃlk 和重置是投入。

Ｏｕt_1 是输出。

Curｒent_state 和next_sｔate描述了确定访客或新成员。

P ｒ_sｔ和nｘ_ｓt 显示人的标识。

下图是仿真显示识别过程︰图4(c):模拟识别模块该插槽后检查过程开始了。

这里的ｗ1,w２、ｗ3，w、cｌk,resｔ是输入的信号。

Led_sloｔaｌlot 和slotalｌｏｔ是输出信号。

当复位信号熄灭高向低,系统从空闲状态出来。

在下图的模拟输入信号中，插槽15 是可用的。

下图是仿真显示插槽分配功能。

图 4 （ｄ)︰插槽分配特征的模拟现在识别和插槽分配模块集成。

ｃlk，ｗ3，car＿ｅｎtｅr，休息，ｗ4,找到,ａ，ｗ２是输入的信号。

确定neｗ＿membｅr、fnd1、z、lｅd、ｌed_ｆilｌｅd、led_reserv、cout 输出信号。

根据输入信号，检查插槽状态。

图４(e)︰完整的停车系统的仿真结果图５:RＴＬ视图停车系统图上方显示32 插槽及RTL 视图停车系统。

W2、Ｗ3、W4 是输入的信号,resｔ是控制信号,Clk 是系统时钟信号，Leｄ，led_fiｌled,ｌed＿reseｒv是输出信号，显示插槽的状态。

识别和neｗ_ｍemｂer 也显示结果识别模块的输出信号。

５.总结目前，基于FPＧA泊车系统被采用Fsm Xilinx IＳE 设计套件12.4。

设计验证容量5 FＰＧA 工具包，状态机提高生产率、降低成本并缩短上市时间。

基于FPＧA 停车系统，给出了快速响应。

所设计的系统可用于许多应用程序,可以轻松地提高插槽选项数目,利用设计系统使停车更方便。

附件２：外文原文(复印件)Desｉｇn and impｌementatioｎof carｐarkｉｎg ｓyｓtｅm on FPGＡＡBＳTRAＣＴＡs, thｅｎumbeｒｏf ｖehicles are incｒｅased day bｙｄａy inｒapid mannｅr. It ｃaｕｓes tｈe prｏblem of tｒaffiｃcoｎｇestion, pollｕｔion (nｏiｓe ａnd aｉr). Toｏveｒcome tｈis proｂlｅｍ.AＦＰＧA ｂaseｄp ａrking ｓyｓｔem has ｂeｅｎproｐoｓｅd. Ｉn this pａper, pａｒkinｇsｙs ｔｅm is ｉmｐｌeｍentｅｄusｉｎg Fiｎｉte Sｔａte Machｉnｅｍoｄelliｎg. Thｅsyｓｔeｍhａs two ｍainｍｏdules ｉ.e. identifｉcａtｉｏｎmoｄｕle ａnｄｓlotｃhｅcking module. Ｉdenｔification modｕle idｅntｉfｉeｓtｈｅｖｉsｉtor．Slｏt checｋingｍodule checks the sｌｏt stａt ｕs．Thｅsｅｍodｕleｓarｅｍoｄelled ｉn HDL anｄｉmplｅｍｅｎted on ＦPGA. A pｒototypｅof parｋing systｅｍiｓｄｅsigned wｉtｈvaｒiou ｓinteｒfａces like sｅnsor interfacing,stepper motｏr and LCD. KEYWORDＳ:Ｆinite Sｔate Machine；Ｐarｋｉng Sysｔｅm; Vｉrｔeｘ－5;1．INＴＲOＤUCＴIＯＮVehicle tｒａffic coｎgeｓtion ｉｓａworｌdwｉde problｅm. In reｃent ｙears, efｆortｓhave beeｎmade to iｎtroduce ａmｅtｈoｄto reｄuｃe parｋing prｏblems sｕcｈas cｏnｇｅstioｎ, ａｃcidents and hazａrds.Figuｒe１:Coｎgeｓtiｏn TrendsｉｎUrbaｎArea As ｓhownｉn figurｅ1 ｃonｇestiｏn has clearly grown yｅar by year．It cｒeates a ｎumber of pｒoblems. Conｇestion uｓedｔo mｅａn ｉt tooｋｌonｇｅｒｔo geｔto frｏm woｒk in thｅ＂ｒｕｓh ｈour"．Parking sｙstｅmｓcａn alｓo ｔａke advaｎｔage of ｉｎnoｖaｔive tecｈnologｉesｉｎordeｒｔｏimproｖｅthｅease ａnd ｃｏnvｅnieｎcｅｏf paying for pａrkｉnｇ. Now a day, Ｓmａrt carｄs ｍｉnimize tｒanｓａctionｔime by allowing a usｅｒto simｐｌy wave ｔheir ｃarｄin front oｆａreａdeｒ.Ｍobｉle deｖices cａnａｌso be usｅd iｎpaymeｎｔtrａnsacｔｉons. Puｂliｃuｔiliｔｉesｎｅed a parking ｓyｓtｅm thａｔcaｎfunction effｉciently and be ｉｎtegratｅd with ｔhｅothｅrｕrba ｎcitｙｕtilｉtieｓ．Foｒaｌｌotment of paｒking slots thｅre iｓnｏpr ｏｐerｗay thｕs parking mａnagemeｎt sｙsｔem fａils in coordｉnaｔiｏn and cenｔralizｉnｇthe infoｒｍａｔioｎfｏr an ｅｆｆecｔive system.Tｏａｖoiｄtｈｅsｅprｏｂｌems， a dｅsiｇn of an iｎtｅllｉgeｎt parkｉｎｇsyｓｔｅm iｓproposed,whicｈwillｂe implemeｎｔed on FPＧＡto chｅck its fuｎctｉoｎａlｉty.ﻭRecentlｙ, aｒeｃonfiguｒａblｅFPＧＡｉs eｆficｉeｎｔｍｅthod to iｍplement ａdｅsiｇn, beｃaｕse FPＧＡpro ｖides a cｏmpromiｓe bｅtween gｅneｒaｌ-pｕrpoｓｅproceｓsｏrｓanｄASIＣ. Tｈe FPGＡｂased deｓign is aｌso moｒe fｌexiblｅ, programmaｂle aｎd can ｂe re-programｍｅd. FPGＡｂaseｄdeｓign can eａsｉly be modifｉed by modｉfｙing dｅｓiｇｎ’s sofｔwarｅpart.2. RＥＬATＥD WORＫGongjｕｎＹaｎet．ａl，describeｓa ｎｏvｅl，ｓecure,ａｎd inｔelligeｎｔparking system(Smart Pａrking)bａsed on sｅcｕreｄwirｅｌｅss netｗork anｄｓeｎsor ｃomｍｕnication．High ｐarkiｎｇsｐace utilizatiｏn and fast fｒｅe spot finding ｔｉｍｅarｅthe resｕlt oｆprｏpｏsｅd ｒeｓeaｒｃｈ. Soh ＣhｕnＫhang et．al,prｅseｎts a paｒking system in wｈich drｉvｅr cｏmes tｏknow aｂｏut thｅｓpace ａvailａbiｌity iｎtｈe parｋｉng lot wｉth thｅheｌp of SMＳseｒｖｉcｅ. Ｄriｖeｒｃan reｓenｄＳMS in orｄeｒto requｅsｔnew sｐaｃe iｆtｈe pｒeｖiｏｕsｏne is ｆiｌled. Dｒiver ｃan find nｅaｒeｓt space ｆor paｒking uｓing ｗiｒeｌｅss ｍobiｌe bａsｅd cａr paｒkinｇsyｓtem．Ｒｅsults，shｏwｓthａt tｈe syｓteｍｅfficieｎtｌy alｌoｃaｔes the slｏｔｓａnｄutilizes tｈｅｆull paｒking sｐace.Ankit Gupta eｔ.al，describes an eｆficient caｒｐark ｉnｇａｌgoｒitｈｍfoｒackermａnｓtｅering coｎｆiｇuratioｎ．Ｔｈiｓalｇoriｔhmｕsｅｓgeometｒｉc calｃulatiｏnｓfor patｈｐlａnning. Rｅｓult sｈows a faｓt, effｉcieｎｔand safer paｒking sｙｓｔeｍ］. Huａcｈｕｎｔan et.aｌ, pｒｏposed aｎefficienｔcar seａrchiｎg teｃｈniqｕeｆor largeｒparkｉng loｔ. In thiｓpａper，cａmeｒas aｒe installed in rｏａｄs ｎeａｒbｙｐarkinｇlotａｎd ｉnformatｉoｎregardiｎg car like colour and license pｌａte ｒecognitｉon is ｃaptured ａnd sａveｄｉn the dａtabaｓe．S．V. Srikaｎtｈｅt.ａl, proｐosed a paｒkｉｎg sysｔem w ｈich eｌiminatｅs prｏbleｍs reｇａｒdｉng fiｎｄing vａcanｔslot for ｐarking. Ａuthor uses wirelｅss teｃhｎｏｌｏgy ｔo enhanｃe parｋｉnｇefficienｃy. GongjuｎYaｎｅｔ.aｌ, prｏposeｄNOTICE based paｒking ｓystｅm. In this ｐarkｉｎg sｙsｔeｍ, drivｅrｓcan check anｄrｅserve thｅslot ｆor pａrking. For security puｒpｏsｅs ｅnｃryｐtion/ｄecryptioｎteｃhnｉques ａre used. Sｉmulａtion reｓults aｒe hｉghly efｆicｉenｔ．Ｉnｓop Sｏｎg ｅｔ．aｌpｒoｐosed FPGA baｓed paｒｋing ｓｙstｅm usiｎｇfuzzｙlｏｇｉｃcontｒoller （FLＣ)．Ｒeｄｕctiｏn iｎcoｍputation ｔi ｍｅiｓｉts aｄvantaｇe. In tｈis resｅarch work a roboｔcar is mａｄe ａnd ｔeｓted in reａlｅnvｉronｍｅnt usiｎg ＶＨDL ｃode. Deｓigｎis simulatedａｎdｔested on ＦPGA.3．PRＯPOSED PＡRＫINＧSYSＴEMThe ｂａｓiｃoperａtion ofｔhe parking system is expｌaｉned aｓ: Ｗｈｅn a vｅhｉcｌｅｅｎｔerｓiｎthe paｒｋiｎg lｏt,LＣD dispｌays,i ｆthｅsｐａｃｅｉｓａvaｉｌａblｅｉｎｐaｒkｉng lot oｒnot．If t ｈe sｐａce is availabｌe then ｓｔepｐer ｍotor roｔaｔｅs and doｏr ｏpｅns for vehiclｅeｎtｒａｎce. ＲF moduｌe iｓuｓed tｏtraｎsｍiｔaｎd receiｖe sｌot availａｂiｌity iｎformａｔｉon.Ａccording to RＦMoｄule’s ouｔpｕt,LED’ｓglｏw.Acｃordｉnｇtｏinｆormatｉｏn driｖｅr can ｐａｒk the vｅｈｉcle．Blｏckｄiagram foｒtｈe paｒkｉｎg system is shown ｉn f ｉgurｅ2.Ｈost computeｒacts as ｃoｎｔroｌunｉt.Once hosｔcomputｅr program thｅＦＰＧＡ.Figure2：Bｌｏck dｉagramｏf ｔｈe parｋing systeｍ3．1 Hａｒｄware imｐlｅｍentationLＣＤis of 16ｐｉn ｃｏnfiｇｕratｉon. Vｓs is grｏunｄpiｎ．Vcc is poweｒsupplｙpiｎ.Vee is ｕseｄｔo contrｏl thｅcｏnｔrａｓt. RS is r ｅgister sｅlectｐiｎ.Commaｎdａnd data is ｓelecｔａccoｒding tｏＲＳpin stａｔus．E is enａblｅsiｇnal. DB0－ＤB7ａrｅdatａlｉnes.15 anｄ16 pins ａre used to adjusｔbaｃｋlighｔ.Contｒoｌanｄdａta lｉｎes of LC ＤasｓigneｄtｏFPGA are shown in fiｇure 3.Figuｒe 3(a)：ＬCＤinterfacing wｉth FPＧA（Pin assiｇnｍｅnｔ) Steｐpｅr motor inｔerfacedｗith FＰGＡby usinｇUＬN 2003．An ｙI/O ｐｏｒｔoｆDevelopment Boardcaｎｂe uｓｅd foｒinterfacing. H ｅre, ＤI/O pｏrt oｆDevｅlｏpmｅnt Board ｉｓｕseｄｆor interfaciｎｇｗithsteｐｐer ｍotｏr. Pin asｓigｎｍenｔof ＦPＧA, ＵLN20０3，ａn ｄstepper mｏtorｉs shｏwn inｆiｇure 3（b）.Ｆigure 3(ｂ):sｔeppｅr motｏr intｅrfacｉng with FPGA(Ｐin aｓsｉｇｎｍｅｎｔ)ＲF Mｏdule：Ｉn thｉｓmoduｌe IR ｔrａns-receiver ｐａir is usｅd to detect vehｉcle pｒesence. ＩR sｅnsｏrs trａnsmit slot’sｓtatuｓto HＴ12E encoder.Eｎcodeｒconsiｓts of１8pin confｉgｕrａtioｎ．Parallｅl ｄata cｏnverｔｉntｏseｒiａl by eｎcｏｄer．Daｔa iｓcｏllｅcted at daｔa o ｕt pinｏf encｏdeｒ．From dａｔa ouｔpｉn data ｓｅrially transmit tｏｗardｓＲF transｍｉtter．Data ｓerｉａllｙreceived aｔRF receiｖｅr．HT12D decoｄerｒecｅiveｒ’s data ｆrom RＦrｅceiｖer, thｅn coｎverteｒback seriａl ｔo paｒalｌel form．HT12Ｄｄecoｄer’ｓdaｔａpｉns ａre iｎteｒｆaｃed wiｔh Vｉrtｅｘ５ＣＩ/Ｏport signal pins.Figure 3(c)：HT1２D Ｄeｃｏｄｅｒintｅｒfacing witｈＦPＧA(Ｐiｎaｓsiｇｎmeｎt)Platfｏｒｍ:cｏnsiｓting of IR sｅnsors,ＨT12Ｅencoder,RＦmodu ｌe, HT12Ｄdecodｅｒand LEDｓｏf FPGA ａre used to diｓpｌay resulｔs. Software Moｄuｌe: Xiｌinｘｖersion 12.4 ｉs used ｆｏrＶHDLｃod ｉnｇ．Iｎterｆaｃing：Iｎｐroｐosed systｅm LＣＤ, Sｔeppｅr motor and RＦｍodｅlsｉnｔerfaciｎg is donｅｗｉｔｈFＰGＡ.3．２Finite sｔａte ｍachine fｏr the oｐeraｔion oｆtｈｅsysteｍＩn order to iｍplｅmenｔparkiｎｇsｙｓtem a sｔaｔe diagrａm iｓconsｔｒucteｄ.Ａｓwe kｎｏw thａt the proｐoｓedｓｙstem perfｏrｍｓspａce availａbilｉty，motｏr rｏtatｉon fｏr door opening，identｉfiｃatiｏn ａnｄslot availａbｉlity information．The sysｔｅmｉｎcｌudｅs: IdenｔificationＳlot Selectiｏn4.FPGA IMPLEＭEＮTATION4.1 Deｓiｇniｎg ｏｆparkingｓystemｗitｈSｔate ＭａｃhｉｎeＤiagramＡSMＤcharｔiｓAlgoｒithm State Machｉne Diaｇraｍ. This ｓhowｓthe woｒking oｆpａrking sysｔｅｍin ｔhｅformｏf a flｏw chaｒt. Ｆor tｈe pｒoposed moｄｅl,oval ｓhapｅdｂｏxes are used tｏdeｓcr ｉｂeｔhe output thａｔdepeｎdｓupoｎｐast sｔate as well aｓpresenｔinput．ＴheＡSMＤchaｒｔshown in ｆigｕｒe 4 gives wｏrｋing of thｅcａr parｋiｎｇｓｙsteｍ. At thｅｅntraｎｃe oｆparｋing areａ,LＣD dｉsplays tｈe sｔaｔus of parｋing system. Ｉｆsｐａce ｉs available ｔhｅn LCD disｐｌays sｐaｃe aｖailabｌe ｅlse LCD ｄｉｓplaｙs no sｐacｅexit.Aｃcordiｎg to sｐａｃe sｔａtuｓmotor rotａteｓin clｏｃkwise diｒection. Ａｆter that identification uｎiｔidentifｉes the ｐerｓon. Forｎew ｍember ｔemｐoｒary cａrｄis aｌｌottｅd. Aｆter iｄentifiｃatioｎ, sｌot ｓｔaｔus ｉｓchecked.Status caｎbe filled, eｍpty ｏr reｓerveｄ.RF sensｏrｓare usｅd in thiｓprocess．Figure ４：AＳMＤｃhaｒfor parkiｎｇｓystem4.2 RｅsultｓＡｆtｅｒｓpace cheｃｋｉng doｏｒwiｌｌopen wｉth tｈe hｅlp of ｓｔｅpper mｏtｏｒ. Ｈere ｉｎｓimulａtioｎｃlｋpulse and resｅt is ap ｐlied as an input．Cntａnd clkｄａｒe signals. Wheｎreｓｅt ｇoeｓｈｉgh-tｏ-lｏw,stepper motor rotates. Sｉmulatiｏn waｖe fｏrmｓｏf stｅｐper ｍｏtor are shown ｉn ｆigure 4（a)Fｉgure 4（ａ）:Simulatｉｏn of ｓteｐper moｔor raｔatiｏnＦigure 4(b) ：ＲＴL view of sｔepｐｅr moｔoｒaｎｄLＣD iｎterfacｉng Ｆｉｇure ４（ｂ)：RTL viｅｗof stepper motｏr and LCD ｉnterfａcingＦigure abｏvｅshowsｔhe RＴＬview oｆｓteｐｐer motｏr aｎd ＬCＤintｅrｆacing.clk is system cｌock sigｎal. rｓt is contｒoｌsigｎａl. D（7:0)aｒe ｄata ｌineｓ. Ｚ(3:0)is ｏｕtｐut sigｎaｌof stepｐｅr motor． E is ｅnａble signaｌof ＬＣD. rs ｉsｒegisｔeｒｓｅｌｅcｔsiｇｎal．ｒｗｉｓread／wriｔｅcｏntroｌsignal.Wheｎｄoor ｏpeneｄ, idｅｎtｉfiｃatｉon pｒoceｓｓsｔarｔs. ｗ，w1，w２, z, ｃｌｋand reｓetａｒe ｉｎputｓ．Oｕｔ_１is oｕtｐuｔ. C ｕrrｅnｔ_stａte ａnd nｅxｔ_statｅdesｃriｂesｖisitoｒis ｉdentiｆied or ａnew memｂer has cｏme.Pr_st ａｎd ｎx_st shｏws persｏn whiｃｈis identifｉｅd．Fｏllowｉng siｍulatioｎshｏws ｉdeｎtifｉcａtiｏn ｐroｃesｓ:Ｆigure 4(c):Siｍｕlation of identifiｃation mｏdule Ａfｔer thａt slｏt chｅcking procedure startｓ. Hｅrｅw1，w2, w3, ｗ, clk,reset ａre iｎpｕｔsignａls. Leｄ＿ｓｌotaｌｌoｔaｎd ｓlotalｌｏt aｒe ouｔｐut ｓignals. Wｈｅn ｒeset signaｌgｏeｓhigｈ-tｏ-low, system comes out from idｌe stａｔｅ.Accordｉng to iｎｐut signaｌs in ｆｏllowiｎg ｓｉmulaｔiｏｎsｌot １5 is avａilａbｌe.Ｆolｌowing sｉmｕlati ｏｎshｏws ｓlot allotmｅnt feaｔure.Fiｇuｒｅ4(d):Sｉmulatiｏｎｏf slot aｌloｔment feature Nｏw ｉdenｔiｆicatiｏn and slot allｏtmeｎt modｕles arｅintegratｅd. clk, ｗ3, ｃar_enter，ｒest,w4,find,ａ,w2 ａrｅinputｓignａls.Idｅntifiｅd，ｎew＿mｅｍｂｅｒ,fnd1，z, led,ｌed＿filled,led_reｓerv，cout aｒe oｕｔpｕt signａls. According to inｐut signaｌ, ｓlot status is checｋed.Figｕｒe 4(e）：Sｉmｕlaｔioｎｒesｕｌｔs of coｍpleｔe ｐarkｉng sｙstemＦigure ５:RＴL vｉew ｏf parｋing sｙstｅm Figure abovｅｓhｏwｓtｈｅ32slot inｖolvinｇRＴＬviｅw parking systｅm.W2，W3, W４are input sｉgnals. Resetｉs contrｏl sｉｇｎａｌ.Clk is ｓｙsｔem cｌock sｉｇnal．Led, ｌed_filled, led_rｅｓｅｒv aｒe output sｉgnals，whｉcｈｓhowｓｓloｔstatuｓ.Idｅnｔified aｎdｎew＿member are ａｌsｏoｕtput ｓignalｓ，ｗhiｃh showｓresｕｌｔｏｆｉde ｎtｉｆicatｉon ｍodulｅ．5. CONCLUSIOＮThｅpreseｎt FPGA ｂasｅd parking sｙstem is implemｅnted usｉng FSＭｓwithｔhe hｅlp of ＸilinｘIＳE Dｅｓign Sｕｉｔe １２.４．The d--ｅｓｉgn is verifiｅd on Vｉrtex 5 FPGA kiｔ.Staｔeｍaｃｈinｅs iｎcr ｅasｅproductｉｖｉｔｙ，rｅduces cost，and acceleｒatｅｓｔime to m ａｒket. FPGＡｂaｓｅd parｋiｎｇｓystｅm,gｉveｓfaｓt rｅｓponｓe.The desiｇned sysｔem caｎbｅｕｓed fｏｒmany aｐplicaｔioｎｓand can ｅａsiｌy enｈanｃｅthe numｂer of slot ｓelｅcｔioｎs．Paｒｋiｎg bｅcomes easy by thｅuse oｆＤeｓigned system.--。