译林高中英语模块七Unit1 语法复习导学案设计 无答案

语法复习导学案M7U1

一、探究发现Regular public broadcasting followed shortly afterwards.①.contributed to the development of TVMany different people ②to tell you that your application has been turned down.I regret③me a mobile phone as a gift.On my birthday she gave④began using plastic tape.It was not until the early 1950s that most tape recorders ⑤foresee what the future will bring?⑥Who

can

were made in the USA.⑦The first public TV broadcasts

from satellite TV.benefit⑧However, most people still

][我的发现，属于不及物动词的有___________(1)以上各句中的黑体部分，属于及物动词的有。_______作、从句、_______________(2)从以上句子可以看出，及物动词可接、代词、_______ 宾语。语态。(3)由⑦句可以看出，及物动词能使_________(4)由②⑧句可以看出，不及物动词不能直接接_________；必要时，则需加________。

二、知识梳理

（一）及物动词

及物动词是指后面可直接跟宾语，并且必须跟宾语才能使其意义完整的动词。大部分及物动词有被动语态。

及物动词常用于以下三种结构中：

1．“主语＋谓语＋宾语”结构

此时的宾语可以是一个名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、疑问词＋动词不定式、动名词(短语)或者从句。

He charged the battery.(名词)

Eventually, his behavior satisfied her.(代词)

I want to get your help. (动词不定式短语)

I don't know what to do. (疑问句＋动词不定式)

He delayed telling her the news. (动名词短语)

No one can foresee what will happen in the future. (宾语从句)

(1)下面这些及物动词后只能接动名词作宾语：

admit(承认)，appreciate(感激), avoid, consider(考虑), delay, deny, enjoy, escape, prevent,

fancy(想象), finish, imagine, mind, miss(想念), postpone(推迟), practise, recall(回忆), resist, risk, suggest(建议), include, stand(忍受), forgive, keep(继续)等。

Would you mind using your phone?

用一下你的电话你介意吗？

That young guy still denies having started the fire behind the store.

那个年轻人仍然否认在商店后面放了火。

(2)下面这些及物动词后只能接不定式作宾语：

afford, arrange, ask, choose, decide, determine, expect, hesitate, hope, long(渴望), manage,

offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, threat, wish等。

Can you afford to lend me some money?

你能借一些钱给我吗？

He has determined to learn French.

他已决定学法语了。

动名词作宾语且意义差别大的及物动词。/可接不定式(3)．

忘记要做某事forget to do sth.???忘记做过某事forget doing sth. ??记得要做某事remember to do sth.???记得做过某事remember doing sth. ??试图做某事attempt to do sth.???试着做某事attempt doing sth. ??打算做某事mean to do sth.???意味着做某事mean doing sth. ??努力做某事try to do sth.???尝试做某事try doing sth. ??(4)接不定式或动名词作宾语且意义差别不大的及物动词。

a．表示“爱、憎、喜、恶”的情感类动词hate, love, like, prefer等后接不定式或动名词作宾语时，

意义虽相同，内涵却有些区别——接不定式作宾语时，一般表示一次性的、具体的动作；接动名词作宾语时，一般表示习惯性的、一般性的动作。

They prefer staying indoors when it is cold.

天冷时他们喜欢待在屋里。

Would you prefer to stay at home this evening with your brother?

今晚你想和你弟弟一起待在家里吗？

b．begin, start, continue等少数几个动词后接动名词或不定式作宾语时意义差别不大。

Tom began learning/to learn how to use a computer.

汤姆开始学习如何使用电脑。

[即时演练1]

(1)用所给词的适当形式填空

①Don't forget ________ (send) my regards to your parents!

②Don't hesitate any more. Why not try _________ (walk) this way?

③I still remember ___________ (take) to Beijing for the first time.

④—Look! The light is on!

—But I remember_________ (turn) it off!

(2)完成句子

①你怎么这么快就完成作业了？

How did you_____________________________ so soon?

②他们正在练习唱那首新歌。

They are ___________________________ the new song.

③他前天到达巴黎。

He_____________________the day before yesterday.

④我不知道我该怎么办。

I don't________________________.

⑤上周一个网球砸在了我的头上，但是我尽力去忽视疼痛，认为迟早会消失的。

(浙江高考改编)Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head, but I tried_________________,

believing that it would go away sooner or later.

2．“主语＋谓语＋双宾语”结构

(1)该结构中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语，一个是表示物的直接宾语。间接宾语一般在前面，直接宾语在后面。

Tom sent Mary a text message.

汤姆给玛丽发了一条短信。

(2)有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以位置对调，此时间接宾语前应加上介词to或for。

主语＋及物动词＋物(直接宾语)＋to＋人(间接宾语)。

如：A man was distributing leaflets to the passers-by.

。)间接宾语(＋人for＋)直接宾语(主语＋及物动词＋物．

如：The woman bought an elegant dress for her daughter.

[名师点津]间接宾语前常用to的动词有give, tell, lend, sell, teach, send, write, show,

bring, pass, offer, hand, distribute等。

间接宾语前加介词for的动词有buy, choose, get, make, order, sing, do, save等。

3．“主语＋谓语＋复合宾语”结构

该结构中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分，才能表达一个完整的意思。