何琼雅思听力 分词汇 decrypted
何琼雅思听力真题词汇_decrypted
一.租房yard院子garden花园garage(*查发音)车库parking/parking lot/parking area停车场地swimming pool游泳池furniture家具television电视机telephone电话air conditioning空调cloakroom衣帽间games room游艺室heating供暖暖气设备(加热的adj.)extension permit延期许可district区域,行政区living quarters居住区surrounding环境property房屋,房产community社区neighborhood街坊邻居,街区环境two-bedroomed house双卧室别墅single room单间twin room标间triple room三人间kitchen厨房living room客厅dining room餐厅二.银行,购物货币单位:dollar美元cent分1美元=100分Euro欧元pound英镑penny便士(复数pence)1英镑=100便士花费:cost费用花费refund退款expenses消费price list价目表annual subscription fee年费joining fee入会费minimum let最低租赁(租期)银行:teller出纳员transaction交易insurance保险exchange rate汇率low-interest loan低息贷款business center商务中心bank account银行账户current account活期存款账户reference number参考号编号check identity核实身份security安保安全提示问题,minimum sum最小金额transfer转账tax税funding资金marketing市场营销cabinet橱柜belonging行李items条款;一样(东西)goods商品finance金融financial issues金融问题insurance incident report保险事故报告shipping agent货运代理make a claim索赔dark trousers深色裤子jacket夹克department store百货商场三.课外活动social programme=program社交活动social network社交网络social contacts社会交往personal crisis个人危机farewell party告别晚会menu菜单buffet自助餐snack零食refreshments零食点心fruit juice果汁chilled mineral water冰镇矿泉水salad bar自助沙拉吧roast dinner烤肉大餐lentil curry咖喱扁豆plum pudding李子布丁abook/ reserve预定reservation预定invitation邀请leaflets传单notice board告示栏the newsletter时事通讯简报flowers花rose玫瑰chocolates巧克力gift礼物a thank-you present谢礼high quality items高品质的商品a pot plant盆栽baby shampoo婴儿洗发精talcum powder爽身粉a soft toy毛绒玩具beautiful carpets漂亮的地毯weaving blankets编织毯子, gorgeous red blankets漂亮的红色毛毯volleyball排球football足球handball手球tennis网球drama戏剧a poster competition海报大赛model making模型制作rucksack背包mop拖把bucket水桶barbecue烤肉野餐oven炉子fridge冰箱cool box冷却箱a picnic blanket野餐毯washing facilities冲洗设备camping equipment露营装备waitress女服务生chef厨师senior citizens老年人四.旅游景点pedestrian步行的minibus面包车railways铁路transport运输bus system公交系统city buses市区公共汽车medium-sized coach中型长途车shuttle bus班车electric tram电车solar car太阳能轿车station站hectares公顷(单位)out of bounds出界south-eastern corner东南角intersection十字路口at the junction of在交叉口sharp corner急转弯wider footpaths更宽的人行道India印度Africa非洲Europe欧洲Germany德国Greece希腊Ecuador厄瓜多尔Amsterdam阿姆斯特丹(荷兰)Middle East中东South America南美洲tourist观光客guests客人visitors参观者waiters服务生architect建筑师social assistant社会工作助理attractions景点views风景coast海岸beaches海滩valley溪谷reptile park爬行动物公园cruise游船bushwalk丛林徒步旅行forest森林zoo动物园picnic野餐countryside农村town市镇cottages农舍小木屋stables马厩cathedral大教堂castle城堡painting绘画museum博物馆market集市church教堂aquarium水族馆greenhouse温室path小路footbridge人行桥theme park主题公园fishing trip垂钓之旅formal gardens规则式花园seven-screen cinema有七块荧幕的电影院bowling alley保龄球馆video games arcade电子游乐场historical interest历史名胜industrial village工业小镇botanical gardens植物园art gallery美术馆tribal park部落公园City Council市政厅climbing wall攀岩墙good variety of shopping琳琅满目的购物环境workshop车间showroom展厅café咖啡馆toilets洗手间overhead powerlines头顶的高压线tennis courts网球场table tennis乒乓球accommodation package住宿费套餐departure出发return返回schedule时间表cancellation取消complaint投诉brochure小册子provisional booking暂时预定reserve a seat预留座位seats reservations预定座位local history books当地历史书hop-on hop-off service随乘随下观光车服务guided tours有导游的旅行student newspaper校刊guide book(guidebook)旅行指南group booking团体预订two-dimensional maps二维地图travel agency旅行社special offers特卖walking tours徒步旅行Reception Block接待处sign name签名五.医疗健康生理:dietary problem饮食问题disease疾病diet饮食stomachache胃疼flu流感sick恶心的adj.(病人n.)fitness level健康水平food allergies食物过敏症cater for迎合,满足pressure压力stress压力anxiety焦虑indifference冷淡intention意图attitude态度lonely寂寞的unhappy不开心unmotivated缺乏动力的upset心烦的unaware不知道的tragic悲剧的doctors医生practitioner医生dentist牙医nurse护士hospitals医院clinic诊所practice诊所pharmacy药房infirmary医务室nursery托儿所health center卫生所六.求职入会enrolment/enrollment入学apply申请application form申请表annual fee年费membership card会员卡full name全名career事业companies公司employees雇员managers经理vacancies空位职位空缺photograph照片passport-sized photo护照照片union card会员卡, student card学生证accommodation住宿facilities设备reception接待main hall大礼堂dance studio舞蹈房squash courts壁球场fitness room健身房economics经济学politics政治学geography地理sciences理科agricultural science农业科学business studies商业研究visiting students访问学生exchange students交换生postgraduate students研究生International Center国际展览中心Law Department法学院Clerical Assistant in the library图书馆文书office assistant办公室助理workplace车间lobby大厅attendants随从conference center会议中心conference room会议室conference pack会议指南training programme培训项目security arrangement安全措施staff canteen员工食堂team leaders组长7.节日tradition传统festival节日庆祝活动celebration庆典performance表演dance舞蹈circus马戏theatrical events剧场演出magic show魔术表演aerial display空中表演puppet show木偶剧tent帐篷stadium体育场marquee大帐篷access入口foyer大厅auditorium观众席redevelopment重建improvement改进lighting system灯光系统dressing room更衣室audience听众wheelchair users轮椅使用者8.文化Jazz爵士pop流行乐folk民乐concert音乐会concert hall音乐厅musical instrument乐器sound effects音效poor sound quality音质不好entertainment娱乐balloons气球badminton羽毛球judo柔道kick-boxing跆拳道yoga瑜伽radio收音机disco迪斯科舞厅pub酒馆club酒吧karaoke bars练歌房sports club健身俱乐部closed-circuit TV闭路电视National Arts Centre国家美术馆silver paper银箔纸electronic sound电子音乐easy listening轻音乐classical music古典音乐opera house歌剧院pianist/piano player钢琴手cultures文化press新闻misrepresented歪曲报道的mass media大众传媒news broadcasts新闻报道academic circle学术界motion picture电影film电影camera照相机subtitles字幕theatre戏剧lighting照明film reels胶片夹exhibition展览会venue场所9.作业讨论课程专业:course课程degree学位subject科目lecture演讲讲座education教育research programme研究项目department院系management管理computing计算处理sociology社会学anthropology人类学engineering工程Communication in Business商务交际population studies人口学specialist knowledge专业知识seminar研讨会短期培训课booklet小册子handout讲义copies复印件key texts关键内容criteria标准feedback反馈bibliography参考书目extension延期references参考书articles文章graph图表n.(用曲线图表示v.)task任务essay文章questionnaire问卷interview采访survey调查vocabulary词汇key point要点responses回复findings发现mistakes错误figures数据sample样本experiment实验measurement测量assessment评估dissertation论文checklist清单statistics统计学deadline截止日期observation观察investigation调查proposal提议insert插入subheadings副标题paragraphs段落formatting格式化due到期的submit提交inaccurate不准确的invalid无效的delay延期page numbering标书页group discussion小组讨论telephone interview电话采访contents page目彔页oral presentation口头陈述,written assignment/work笔头作业computer-loaded information计算机加载信息draft version初稿research methodology研究方法discuss the result讨论结果, data collection数据收集science research科学研究analyze material分析材料suggestions建议recommend推荐advice建议guidance指导rehearsing排练useful有用的helpful有帮助的learning methods学习方法reading list阅读书目be better sequenced安排得更好cut…down削减proper structure合理的结构wide selection of广泛的选择tutors导师teacher老师author作家10.图书馆fiction小说database数据库magazines杂志dictionary字典journals期刊password密码catalogue目录index索引textbooks教科书back issues过期报刊manuals手册periodicals期刊national newspaper全国性报刊local papers当地的报纸union card会员卡training resource培训资源online data bases网上数据库printed version打印版qualification资格administration行政external member外部会员(非本校人员)minimum(maximum)fine最低(最高)罚款nominal charge象征性收费library图书馆counter计算器videos视频cassettes磁带laptops笔记本电脑classroom教室software软件laboratory实验室borrow借overdue过期的adj.renew续借available可利用的recall召回photocopying facilities复印设备lecture room(hall/theatre)教室security office保卫处computer printer电脑打印audio-visual room视听教室computer center计算机中心internet service网络服务CD-ROM只读型光盘technical support技术支持lecture讲座coursework作业final assessment最终评估a case study案例分析a short report简短的报告counseling services咨询服务semester学期term学期strategies策略techniques技巧skills技能speech演说orientation入学介绍review回顾timetable时间表waiting list等待名单academic year学年full-time intensive全日制密集型part-time非全日制的adj.diploma course证书课程personnel management人事管理modular courses单元课程time/stress management时间/压力管理leisure time休闲时间trial session实验课程teaching session教学课程researcher研究人员staff员工undergraduate大学生n.(大学生的adj.),postgraduate研究生colleague同事director主管borrower借用人instructor指导员conductor售票员;管理者11.生物动物:creature生物species物种animal动物poultry家禽sheep绵羊rabbit兔子horses马cattle牛hens母鸡goats山羊domesticated ostrich圈养鸵鸟native bees野生蜜蜂kangaroo袋鼠crocodile鳄鱼lion狮子giraffe长颈鹿swan天鹅sea horse海马shark鲨鱼dinosaur恐龙insects昆虫parasites寄生虫beef牛肉lamb羊羔肉chicken鸡肉pork猪肉texture质地feather羽毛hide兽皮leather皮革breed繁殖tail尾巴feed喂养feather羽毛bones骨骼mane鬃毛length长度weight重量skeleton骨架wings翅膀sense of smell嗅觉skin texture肤质track rear后轮距植物:vegetation植被branch树枝leaves叶子plants植物blossom开花pollinate授粉人物:experts专家lecturer讲师scientist科学家环境:climate气候environment环境impact影响temperature温度canyon峡谷sunlight日光restrictions限制sand沙子surface表层salinity盐度current洋流urban area城市地区patterns模式distortion失真扭曲chemicals化学制品control操纵装置water level水位hunting打猎circumstances情况sanctuary避难所ancestors祖先atmosphere大气n.(气氛n.)windy有风的humid潮湿的evaporate蒸发shady(shaded)背阴的adj.urban landscape城市景观internal mechanism内部机理vehicle noise车辆噪声ocean floor海底12.科普工业农业:agriculture农业manufacture制造mineral矿物iron ore铁矿石fuels燃料coal煤firewood柴火industry工业power力量furnace焚化炉tools工具products产品safety安全性creation创作craftsman工匠axe斧chimney烟囱bricks砖livestock牲畜crops农作物grains谷物ploughs犁farmers农民raw materials原料water mill水磨steam engine蒸汽机grinding shop研磨车间engine room发动机室bottle tops瓶盖agricultural workers农民工farming economy农业(场)经济天文地理:continent大陆ice-cap冰盖snowfall陈雪(量)iceberg冰山kilometer公里kilocalories千卡路里climate气候volume体积process过程earth地球土壤density密度rainbow彩虹coastline海岸线wave波浪rock salt岩盐crystal水晶晶体identify确定识别,symbolize象征remote遥远的hostile有敌意的ocean currents洋流ozone layer臭氧层physical features自然特征human life styles人类生活方式economic geography经济地理学satellite technology卫星技术receiving station接收站cause and effect因果关系data analysis数据分析weather conditions天气条件ordinary light普通光线历史社会:crime罪行robbery抢劫murder谋杀theft盗窃,poverty贫穷prince王子leadership领导层images影像clothing服装combination结合government政府inhabitants居民sanitation卫生环境decoration装潢second language acquisition第二语言习得public sphere公共领域business organizations商业组织illegal acts非法行为individual customers个人客户illegal profit非法收益rock paintings岩画social history社会化international trade国际贸易ancient coins古钱币gender studies性别研究。
雅思听力常考词结份
雅思听力常考词结(1)份雅思听力常考词结1eventually adv.最后, 终于memorize v.记住, 记忆share n.共享, 参与, 一份, 部分, 份额, 参股vt.分享, 均分, 共有, 分配vi.分享stress n.重压, 逼迫, 压力, 重点, 着重, 强调, 重音vt.着重, 强调, 重读advise vt.劝告, 忠告, 警告, 建approach n.接近, 逼近, 走进, 方法, 步骤, 途径, 通路vt.接近, 动手处理vi.靠近confident 自信的, 确信的education system 教育系统assign vt.分配, 指派v.赋值choose 选择, 选定injure 损害, 伤害include vt.包括, 包含2、social events (section 2)Events: Convention, exhibition, conference, festival, expositionExamples: Australian retailers convention, art exhibition, business conference, summer music festival, drama festival, travel exposition, world expo, cartoon exhibition, flower exhibition, auto showPublicity: website/internet, leaflets, flyers, notice board, posters, advertisements, good for a family, children, adult, senior citizensTransportation: bus, taxi, cab, subway, tube, coach, parking problemsAgenda: dates, timetableFocus/theme: music/live music, art, ballet, clothes, drama, food, business, demonstration, ics, flower arrangement, biscuits Celebration: parade, dance, chorus, music bandSecurity: security entrance, security office, security personnel/staff, fire exit, lockers, Check ID, video surveillance, cameras, crowded, children easily get lost3、environment (section 2/4)Geographical: soil erosion, desertification, drought, floods, overfishing, over-felling, deforestationenergy: fossil fuels, coal, gas, petroleum, solar, tide, wind power, nuclear, marsh gas, methane, biogasrecycling: plastic, paper, glass, bottle tops, ink cartridges, spare parts/ponents4、medicine (section 1 )diseases: headache, toothache, backache (back pain),stomachache, heart disease, pneumonia, tuberculosis, diabetes, insomnia, asthma, employment medical, sprain, sports injury, sprained kneemedicine: antibiotics, penicillin, aspirin, sleeping pills (tablets),painkillers, dose, underdose, overdose, ice pack, walking sticks surgery: operation5、job hunting (section 1/2)Advantages and disadvantages: pay, working hours, workload, flexible, equipment, transportationWorking hours: am pm weekdays (during the week),weekends,bank holidays, public holidays, New year, Christmas Pay rate: pound/dollar per hour, starting salary, wageClothes: formal clothes, suit, informal clothes, casual clothes shirt, trousers, tie, bow tie, uniform雅思听力易错词汇:aboriginal 本土accessible 可达到的acrobat 杂技演员additional 额外的altitude 高度__ytical 分析的Antarctica 南极洲的` antibiotics 抗生素architect 建筑师artificial 人工的aspirin 阿司匹林assemble 装配astronomy 天文学badge 徽章badminton 羽毛球bank remittance银行汇款barren 贫瘠的book restoration 书籍修复bookkeeping 记账booming tourism 蓬勃的旅游业。
何琼雅思听力9分词汇_decrypted
1.租房(租,报修)周边户外:bicycles自行车balcony阳台,包厢garage车库garden花园mower割草机,割草的人supermarket超级市场park公园,停车场parcel包裹kindergarten幼儿园childcare儿童保健full-placement全托outdoor table户外用桌子table tennis乒乓球swimming pool游泳池Sports Centre体育中心picnic area郊游地区local shops土产商店primary school小学recorded delivery挂号信community社区neighborhood街坊邻居,街区环境district区域,行政区dwelling住处living quarters居住区surrounding环境property房屋,房产室内设施:armchair扶手椅basement地下室cupboard碗柜cot小屋;简易床carpet地毯freezer冰箱drawer抽屉furniture家具kettle壶laundry洗衣房,洗衣店studio工作室,演播室kitchen厨房heater加热器,电暖气toaster烤面包机towels毛巾用毛巾擦wardrobe衣柜washbasin脸盆microwave oven微波炉dining room餐厅living room客厅cloakroom衣帽间game room游戏室an alarm system报警系统telephone call电话television电视机air conditioning空调back door后门silver cloth银色的布night table床头柜alarm clock闹钟queen size女王尺寸(双人床)desk lamp床头灯two-bedroomed house双卧室别墅single room单间twin room标间triple room三人间extension permit延期许可12.银行,购物货币单位:dollar美元cent分1美元=100分Euro欧元pound英镑penny便士(复数pence)1英镑=100便士银行:cashier出纳员currency货币initial用姓名的首字母签名refund退款expenses消费saving存款bank statements银行账单price list价目表teller出纳员transaction交易insurance保险serial number序列号cost费用interest rate利率bank loan银行贷款internet service网络服务购物:purse钱包wallet皮夹income收入voucher收据,代金券clothing服装sweater毛线衣,运动衫cost费用花费mailing list通讯名单special offers特卖leather jacket皮夹克pay by cash现金支付note book笔记本sold out售罄washable shoes可水洗鞋子black velvet黑天鹅绒refund退款expenses消费price list价目表annual subscription fee年费joining fee入会费minimum let最低租期dark trousers深色裤子jacket夹克department store百货商场gift shop礼品店grocery杂货店经济贸易:economy经济business商业,生意penalty处罚,罚金quotation报价单;引用语insurance commercial保险广告life insurance人寿保险replacement policy替换策略cooperative loan联合贷款business centre商务中心bank account银行账户current account活期存款账户deposit account定期存款账户joint account联名账户reference number参考号,编号check identity核实身份security安保,安全提示问题minimum sum最小金额transfer转账insurance incident report保险事故报告shipping agent货运代理place of origin产地date of arrival到达日期make a claim索赔23.课外活动活动相关:demonstration示范,证明,示威游行thriller惊险小说slang俚语feedback反馈,成果,回复discount折扣prevention预防,阻止supervision监督,管理cancel取消performers演奏者,执行者orchestra管弦乐队adviser指导老师,顾问online exchange在线交流,线上交易compete with a friend与朋友竞争time yourself给自己计时run all kinds of path尝试各种各样的途径volleyball排球football足球handball手球tennis网球drama戏剧yoga瑜伽book a camp预定营帐match tickets比赛门票collect information收集信息sport equipment运动器材rock climb攀岩book in advance提前预定the leg strength腿部力量a free hour with training免费一小时附送培训指导better concentration更好地集中release stress释放压力react time反应时间no cheap ticket available便宜票已售完fire drill消防演习物品相关:poster海报,广告,招贴decoration装饰item条,项,件rubber橡皮橡胶的sport sweater运动服stop watch秒表a poster competition海报大赛model making模型制作食品相关:buffet自助餐refreshments零食点心meat肉类cheese干酪starter开创者,第一道菜shelf架子French onion soup法式洋葱汤fruit juice果汁chilled mineral water冰镇矿泉水cold drink冷饮salad bar自助沙拉吧roast dinner烤肉大餐lentil curry咖喱扁豆plum pudding李子布丁apple pie苹果馅饼cocktail鸡尾酒label标注v.标签n.sandwich三明治3steel钢铁n.钢铁的adj.钢化v.double-grill双层烤架heat indicator温度指示器food container食物容器local produced food当地生产的食品vegetable burger蔬菜汉堡take-away food外带食品packed lunch自备午餐chewing gum口香糖barbecue烤肉野餐oven炉fridge冰箱cool box冷却箱a picnic blanket野餐毯waitress女服务生chef厨师地点交通:university大学castle城堡station站opera歌剧,歌剧院,歌剧团library图书馆lounge休息室domestic国内的greyhound灰狗;特快游船ferry渡船tractor拖拉机brake刹车canoe独木舟n.乘独木舟v.theatre戏院,戏剧helicopter直升飞机town hall市政府farming museum农场博物馆,农业博物馆Central Hotel中央饭店transport museum交通博物馆dance studio舞蹈练习室luxury tent豪华帐篷camping equipment露营装备steam train蒸汽火车cable car缆车free transport免费交通book/reserve预定reservation预定invitation邀请leaflets传单notice board告示栏the newsletter时事通讯简报社交:relationship关系manner方式,习惯age年龄teenagers青少年address演说,描述receptionist接待员communication交流,通讯confidence信心a thank-you present谢礼high quality items高品质的商品a pot plant盆栽baby shampoo婴儿洗发精talcum powder爽身粉a soft toy毛绒玩具beautiful carpets漂亮的地毯weaving blankets编织毯子a soft toy毛绒玩具beautiful carpets漂亮的地毯weaving blankets编织毯子, gorgeous red blankets漂亮的红色毛毯44.旅游旅游相关:nationality国籍visa签证consulate领事,领事馆vacation假期sunshield遮阳板hiking徒步旅行guided tours有导游的旅行cycling骑脚踏车excursion远足souvenir纪念品waterproof防水的string细绳directions方向,指导,用法说明necessity需要,必需品travel package旅游套票,包价旅游business trip出差tower view塔顶视野(景观)tourism tax旅游业税收swimming suit游泳衣casual clothes休闲服装horse riding骑马culture context文化背景sun hat遮阳帽night tour夜游地点景点:landmark地标embassy大使馆,使馆全体人员utilities公共设施weed除草v.杂草terminal终点,终端机waterfall瀑布post岗位cinema电影院France法国Rome罗马Greece希腊Malaysia马来西亚Oceania大洋洲Alaska阿拉斯加India印度Africa非洲Europe欧洲Germany德国Greece希腊England英格兰Stonehenge巨石阵Bristol布里斯托Tahiti塔希提岛Ecuador厄瓜多尔Amsterdam阿姆斯特丹(荷兰)Middle East中东South America南美洲hotel旅馆sculpture雕塑n.雕刻loudspeaker扬声器grass草地harbor海港amenity舒适,便利设施weather observing天气观测tropical zone热带区域viewing shelter观测点elephant zone(参观)大象区main entrance正门入口special offers特卖formal gardens规则式花园seven-screen cinema有七块荧幕的电影院bowling alley保龄球馆video games arcade电子游乐场historical interest历史名胜industrial village工业小镇botanical gardens植物园art gallery美术馆5tribal park部落公园City Council市政厅climbing wall攀岩墙good variety of shopping琳琅满目的购物环境overhead power line头顶的高压线local history books当地历史书hop-on hop-off service随乘随下观光车服务spectacular壮观的beautiful美丽的attractive吸引人的amazing令人惊异的magnificent雄伟的city overhead view城市鸟瞰景观passenger assistance office游客帮助中心main information desk总服务台speed information desk快速查询台luggage place行李存放处pick-up point上客点forest campsite林中营地store room储藏室paddling pool戏水池浅水池emergency exit紧急出口front desk前台Town Hall市政厅人物相关:landlady女房东appearance外观cop巡警slim苗条的moustache小胡子beard胡须burglar窃贼tourist观光客married couples已婚夫妇young adults年轻人blind visitor盲人游客primary school students小学生senior citizens老年人curly hair卷发blond hair金发architect建筑师social assistant社会工作助理住宿相关:private私人的legroom(车辆、飞机或剧院座位前的)放脚空间boarding木板;上船reception招待会,接待vacuum真空,真空吸尘器suitcase手提箱cleaning maid女佣check in到达登记water heater热水器dining car餐车6身体部位:chin下巴elbow肘部ankle踝关节neck脖子knee膝盖eyes眼睛,视力疾病相关:dietary problem饮食问题stomachache胃疼flu流感scar伤痕,伤害headache头疼cold寒冷,感冒allergic对…过敏insomnia失眠症yellow fever黄热病back pain背疼bad eyesight视力欠佳be allergic to seafood对海鲜过敏chest infection胸腔感染,治疗相关injection注射vaccine疫苗stick刺cushion起缓和作用之物,垫子penicillin青霉素antibiotics抗生素painkiller止痛药ambulance救护车heart disease心脏病resistant抵抗的,顽固的bitterness苦味non-medicine item非药品类项目ice pack冰袋acupuncture针灸optic examination视力检查side effect副作用cough medicine止咳药before meals饭前sick note病假条sleeping pills安眠药blood flow血流(量)体检:X-ray使用X光v.使用X光的health check健康检查fitness level健康水平人物:indifference冷淡intention意图attitude态度lonely寂寞的adj. unhappy不开心unmotivated缺乏动力的upset心烦的,使…心烦unaware不知道的tragic悲剧的spiritual guidance精神指引adapt to适应doctors医生practitioner医生dentist牙医nurse护士hospitals医院clinic诊所practice诊所pharmacy药房infirmary医务室nursery托儿所health centre卫生所7会员会费:representative有代表性的membership资格,会员身份enrolment/enrollment入学subscription订阅,订金record记录v.档案,唱片donation捐款,捐赠certificate证明,执照,文凭allowance津贴,允许,限额subcommittee小组委员会by post/phone邮寄/打电话self-funded自费活动相关:activity活动,行动competitions竞赛postcode邮政编码warehouse仓库bakery面包店outdoor games户外游戏(运动)International Centre国际展览中心工作:vacancy空位,空缺personality个性,品格occupation职业,占有opportunity机会,时机promotion晋升,促销pension退休金employee雇员colleague同事part-time兼职的director主管,导演main hall大礼堂Clerical Assistant in the library图书馆文书intelligent聪明的,智能的commission委员会,佣金shift倒班,轮班accountant会计deputy代理人training培训day off休假time off休假CV/curriculum vitae个人简历cooperative合作的合作社existing skills已具备的技能status地位,状态,身份IT course信息技术专业(课程)head of the Order Section订单履行处主管Education Officer教育官员shift倒班day shift日班job title职称senior staff高级人员staff advantage员工福利extra payment奖励calling barrier呼叫障碍call diversion呼叫分离domestic work家务活mission statement宗旨workplace车间lobby大厅attendants随从conference centre会议中心conference room会议室conference pack会议指南training programme培训项目security arrangement安全措施87.庆祝人物相关:participant参与者,有关系的champion冠军videotape editor录影编辑audience听众wheelchair users轮椅使用者制作过程:sticker张贴物,贴标签story conference剧本讨论会stage production多阶段生产planning meeting计划会议redevelopment重建improvement改进reopen重新开业be reoriented被调整为活动内容:jungle丛林mime哑剧rehearsal排练,预演musical instrument乐器sound effects音效poor sound quality音质不好tune曲调comedy喜剧exposition博览会,阐述medal勋章,奖章,纪念章regulation管理,规则stopwatch跑表exaggerated by media被媒体夸大fancy dress化妆舞会所穿的服装family ticket家庭套票action plan行动方案performance表演dance舞蹈circus马戏theatrical events剧场演出magic show魔术表演aerial display空中表演puppet show木偶剧marquee大帐篷access入口foyer大厅auditorium观众席8.文化Jazz爵士乐classic经典的pop流行音乐electronic sound电子音乐easy listening轻音乐classical music古典音乐opera house歌剧院cultures文化press新闻misrepresented歪曲报道的mass media大众传媒news broadcasts新闻报道academic circle学术界motion picture电影subtitles字幕theatre戏剧lighting照明film reels胶片夹badminton羽毛球judo柔道kick-boxing跆拳道9yoga瑜伽radio收音机disco迪斯科舞厅pub酒馆club酒吧karaoke bars练歌房sports club健身俱乐部closed-circuit TV闭路电视National Arts Centre国家美术馆silver paper银箔纸节目相关:commercial商业的current affair时事radio program广播节目musical prize音乐奖concert room演奏室,音乐厅9.作业讨论地点相关:chemistry lab化学实验室engineer room工程师室人物相关:beginner初学者,创始人audience观众,听众tutor辅导postgraduate研究生editor编辑,社论撰写人professor教授,教师expert专家,行家classify分类reliable可靠的,可信赖的人lecturer讲师office assistant办公室助理young set青年组weaker students较弱的学生project team项目组gain confidence获得信心obey rules遵守规定interview skills面试技巧time management skills时间管理能力demonstration and suggestion示范和建议物品相关:sample样品textbook教科书,课本materials物质的,重要的,材料,物资internet connections网络连接white board白板booklet小册子handout讲义copies复印件darkroom facilities暗房设备tape recorder录音机sheet of paper(张)纸monthly magazine月刊作业相关:beginning开始,起点random任意的随意Summary扼要的摘要presentation描述measurement测量layout设计,布局approach方法,途径key texts关键内容10criteria标准bibliography参考书目references参考书articles文章graph图表task任务questionnaire问卷reference参考checklist清单,备忘录purpose目的,决心draft草稿,起草well-organized有条理的vocabulary词汇insert插入subheadings副标题paragraphs段落formatting格式化due到期的inaccurate不准确的adj.invalid无效的delay延期format格式publication出版,出版物e-mail电子信函essay散文survey调查assignment任务,分配,作业submission提交,投降sevenfold七倍的incorrectness错误,不合适,不真实documentary文件的,纪实的attachment附件italic斜体字evaluation评价,评估seminar group讨论小组list of objectives对象列表project outline项目计划大纲wide reading博览群书a clear argument思路清晰的论证design research设计研究theory chapters理论篇relevant material相关材料new approach新方法class note课堂笔记independent learning独立学习collect data收集数据conference report会议报告end of term学期末laboratory report实验报告be filmed被拍摄skill focus技能专攻picture framing图片构成,成像page numbering标书页telephone interview电话采访contents page目彔页oral presentation口头陈述, written assignment/work笔头作业computer-loaded information计算机加载信息draft version初稿research methodology研究方法discuss the result讨论结果,science research科学研究analyze material分析材料postal survey邮寄调查11learning methods学习方法reading list阅读书目be better sequenced安排得更好proper structure合理的结构wild selection of广泛的选择上课:lectures演讲medicine医学literature文学,文献psychology心理学anthropology人类学engineering工程Communication in Business商务交际population studies人口学management管理computing计算处理sociology社会学specialist knowledge专业知识tutorials辅导课concern涉及concentrate集中distraction注意力分散,消遣virtual learning虚拟学习cartoon卡通片seminar讨论会retail零售resit补考,重考global listening skills把握大意的听力技巧population computer science人口计算机学video cameras摄像机computer program计算机程序exam preparation备考vocational course职业课程slide presentation放映幻灯片group discussion小组讨论focus on glass and green waste关注玻璃与绿色垃圾Statistics engine design统计数据引擎设计10.图书馆(课程咨询,设置,介绍,评估)学校设置:laboratory实验室,研究室headphone双耳式耳机pigeonhole分类photocopy复印件college dining room大学食堂single-sex schools单性别学校(男校/女校)mixed-sex schools男女共学学校full-time intensive全日制密集型part-time非全日制的adj.copy machine复印机microfilm Library微缩胶卷库multimedia resources多媒体资源electronic directory电子电话簿tape recorder录音机videos视频12cassettes磁带laptops笔记本电脑software软件laboratory实验室registration登记,注册scholarship奖学金,学识accommodation住处timetable时间表waiting list等待名单academic year学年overdue过期的renew续借available可利用的adj.recall召回photocopying facilities复印设备lecture room(hall/theatre)教室security office保卫处category种类computer printer电脑打印audio-visual room视听教室computer centre计算机中心internet service网络服务CD-ROM只读型光盘technical support技术支持课程:diploma course证书课程personnel management人事管理modular courses单元课程time/stress management时间/压力管理leisure time休闲时间trial session实验课程teaching session教学课程report writing报告写作lecture讲座coursework作业final assessment最终评估a case study案例分析a short report简短的报告人物:researcher研究人员staff员工undergraduate大学生postgraduate研究生colleague同事director主管borrower借用人instructor指导员conductor售票员,管理者Cataloguing Assistant编目助手overseas students留学生full-time students全日制学生international students国际学生academic talents学术人才其他:donation捐款,捐赠behavior行为,举止pink slip解雇通知书11.生态动物相关:species物种creature生物camel骆驼n.驼色的cattle牛chameleon变色龙,善变的人frog青蛙birds鸟类,禽类insects昆虫13eggs蛋,卵herring鲱鱼swan天鹅goose鹅,鹅肉dinosaur恐龙squirrel松鼠domesticated ostrich圈养鸵鸟native bees本地蜜蜂kangaroo袋鼠crocodile鳄鱼monkey猴子nest巢spider蜘蛛hunting打猎germ微生物,胚芽bee optic蜜蜂视力collect food采集食物injured animals受伤的动物training animals训练动物giraffe长颈鹿life cycle生命周期killer whale虎鲸杀人鲸migration patterns迁徙模式parasites寄生虫sea horse海马shark鲨鱼dinosaur恐龙texture质地feather羽毛hide兽皮leather皮革fat脂肪cholesterol胆固醇nourish抚养footprint脚印breed繁殖tail尾巴feed喂养feather羽毛bones骨骼mane鬃毛length长度weight重量skeleton骨骼wings翅膀sense of smell嗅觉skin texture肤质track rear后轮距植物相关:organic有机的,器官的corn谷物fiber纤维纤维制品seed种子coral reef珊瑚礁rubber tree橡胶树vegetation植被branch(es)树枝leaves叶子plants植物blossom开花pollinate授粉环境相关:climate气候environment环境impact影响temperature温度canyon峡谷sunlight日光restrictions限制sand沙子surface表层salinity盐度current洋流patterns模式distortion失真扭曲chemicals化学制品control(s)操纵装置water level水位hunting打猎circumstances情况sanctuary避难所ancestors祖先evaporate蒸发shady(shaded)背阴的adj.internal mechanism内部机理ocean floor海底astronomy天文coastline海岸线flooding泛滥crystal结晶,水晶estimate估计farming农业,耕作volcano火山storm暴风雨rainforest雨林14petrol汽油battery电池forest深林rocks岩石settlement解决,处理oxygen氧气wetland湿地,沼泽地isolation隔离,绝缘tides趋势,潮汐garbage垃圾,废物next to river在河流旁边rock salt岩盐plain平原plateaux=plateau高原traditional industry传统工业natural gas天然气standard grade标准级vehicle noise车辆噪声Environmental Agency环境署loss of soil土壤流失grain pattern颗粒结构be contaminated受到污染的incineration plant焚化场negative effect消极影响soil damage土体损伤urban landscape城市景观物品相关:radar雷达food chain食物链name badge姓名牌人物相关:consumer消费者,顾客smoker吸烟者drinker酗酒者shoplifter商店扒手juvenile青少年的experts专家lecturer讲师scientist科学家Lord Mayor市长大人self-centered自我中心的stimulation刺激,鼓舞learning学习,学问passive被动的,消极的guard守卫警惕media媒体gender性别philosopher哲学家morality道德,品行,美德workforce劳动力children's background孩子的背景经历, historical maps历史地图parental teaching家长的教育研究的方法12.科普物品:charcoal木炭plastic塑料的塑料制品cement水泥clay粘土man-made人造的fire火arrows箭,箭头lanes小巷,车道advertisements广告,宣传cosmetics化妆品beer啤酒salt盐nuts坚果stones石头rice稻,米饭eating pattern饮食习惯Vitamin A维生素A15olive oil橄榄油water collection tanks集水舱public transport公共交通government election政府选举lid of container容器的盖子window dressing橱窗布置food intake食物摄取(量)加工相关:oven炉,灶,烤箱artificial人造的,仿造的,虚伪的Procedure程序,手续,步骤placement布置,配置timber木材,木料innovation创新,革新,新方法rubber橡胶high temperatures高温install an alarm安装报警器loss of monopoly丧失垄断地位/丧失专卖权clothing sector服装业water pipe水管soft sediment松软沉积物汽车建筑:elevator电梯purpose目的weight重量gravity重力motor发动机revert恢复原状Conference Centre会议中心Transport Museum交通博物馆larger engine capacity更大的发动机功率higher seat更高的座位roll over翻滚,转存,延缓付款express train特快列车running tunnel区间隧道工业农业:agriculture农业manufacture制造mineral矿物iron ore铁矿石fuels燃料coal煤firewood柴火industry工业power力量furnace焚化炉tools工具products产品safety安全性creation创作craftsman工匠axe斧chimney烟囱bricks砖livestock牲畜crops农作物grains谷物ploughs犁farmers农民raw materials原料water mill水磨cottage农舍steam engine蒸汽机grinding shop研磨车间engine room发动机室bottle tops瓶盖agricultural workers农民工farming economy农业(场)经济天文地理:continent大陆ice-cap冰盖snowfall降雪(量)iceberg冰山kilometer公里kilocalories千卡路里volume体积process过程earth地球土壤density密度rainbow彩虹16coastline海岸线wave波浪rock salt岩盐crystal水晶晶体identify确定识别,symbolize象征remote遥远的hostile有敌意的uninhabited杳无人迹的dynamic动力的ocean currents洋流ozone layer臭氧层physical features自然特征human life styles人类生活方式economic geography经济地理学satellite technology卫星技术cause and effect因果关系data analysis数据分析receiving station接收站weather conditions天气条件ordinary light普通光线历史社会:crime罪行robbery抢劫murder谋杀theft盗窃,poverty贫穷prince王子leadership领导层images影像clothing服装combination结合government政府inhabitants居民sanitation卫生环境decoration装潢second language acquisition第二语言习得public sphere公共领域business organizations商业组织illegal acts非法行为individual customers个人客户illegal profit非法收益rock paintings岩画social history社会史international trade国际贸易ancient coins古钱币gender studies性别研究其他:shortage缺乏,不足cheerful快乐的,高兴的lid盖子,眼睑junction连接,交叉点strike罢工打击election选举,选举权antique古老的古董heritage遗产,传统,继承权activate刺激,激活onto the ground到地面上dry up使干透,使干涸absorbed by sponge被海绵吸收high winds强风,疾风voting system投票制度golden rush淘金热legal problem法律问题17。
何琼雅思听力必考词汇2016年【0408版】
一、租房场景4-3-1(剑四Test3Section1有该场景习题,以下数字意思雷同)5-4-16-4-17-4-18-2-18-3-19-2-11.address/area/locationa.具体地址Number+name+road/street/avenue/lane/drive(听力首要原则:听到什么写什么,根据发音直接写,意思不理解没关系)16Ocean Drive21A Station Avenueb.方向east west south northnorthwest southeast直接这么写就可以,不需要加连字符或者大写。
大小写不是雅思听力扣分标准。
c.城郊city center/town center/downtown suburb/outskirtsurban/suburban/rural adj.●●2.telephone NO.七位或八位extension NO.三位或四位分机reference NO.代号post codedriving license NO.flight NO.double/tripleserial NO.*序列号credit card NO.*master万事达visa维萨American Express美国运通cash check/cheque3.facility设备:garage车库/garden花园/swimming pool游泳池/car park停车场/laundry room洗衣房/café注意发音(开非可费)/restaurantfurniture:microwave oven/toaster/heater/stereo音响/fridge4.time12+7表示12个月份和周一到周日的英文拼写,剑桥答案都是全拼,因此不建议缩写。
5.peoplelandlord房东/landlady房东夫人或者女房东/tenant房客host family寄宿家庭/guest---home stayhouse agency房屋中介/student,employer雇主,employee雇员6.documentreference介绍信/contract合同/notice/confirmation确认信/ID(identity):student card,passport,credit card,driving license,*bank statement银行对账单7.personal informationa.occupation职业(干什么)/subject科目(学什么)engineer designer设计师professor教授dentist牙医accountant会计语言类学科首字母常见大写,如French。
何琼雅思听力词汇第一弹
16 Ocean Drive
21A Station Avenue
b. 方向 east west south north 剑五 78 页 第 5 题题中问的是 location
c. 城郊 city center/ town center/ downtown suburb/ outskirt
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何琼雅思听力词汇第一弹 YY8640
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扁豆咖喱
何琼 32 加入:join (in), registration (register), member, membership 证件:ID (identification/ identity) card, passport (~ photos), driving license, bank statement, credit card 费用:deposit, fee, cash, check, annual fee 使用:item, loan, return, overdue, fine (system), book (reserve) in advance (up to) 资源: resource, newspaper, magazine, journal, CD, DVD, videos, periodical, data base (access), references, (current issue/ back issue), encyclopedia, bibliography CD-ROM multimedia
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何琼雅思听力词汇第一弹 YY8640
Montreal 蒙特利尔 (6)、 美国 United States of America Washington D. C 华盛顿特区 New York 纽约 Boston 波士顿 Atlanta 亚特兰大 Seattle 西雅图 Los Angeles/L.A. 洛杉矶 Chicago 芝加哥
乐精读-212团-第一讲_decrypted
如何精读?八个小时涨一分乐静乐乐老师有时候做不对题不是因为你缺技巧是因为技巧之后你没有精读•你的list of headings怎么总是做不对啊?因为你连题目都没翻译对•你的Summary答案怎么总是找歪啊?因为你不懂因果关系•你阅读速度怎么那么慢啊?因为你不懂取舍•你的TFNG里F和NG怎么总分不清啊?因为你不会领悟出题人意图•你的Matching怎么简单题也出错啊?因为你不知道but的作用新浪微博:乐静乐乐老师私人微信:lejingdu公共微信:leleieltsdt雅思主题型难度列表题型简单中等难LOH443613822 Matching段531512423 Matching人421423Matching句首622623723 Matching特点531/721Summary无词库511643421/523 Summary有词库513642731单选题513713多选题442711832剑桥系列典型精读篇目指南题型简单中等难LOH443613822Matching段531512423Matching人421423Matching句首622623723Matching特点531/721Summary无词库511643421/523 Summary有词库513642731单选题513713多选题442511832精读篇目文章类型重点题目难度系数443政府类型LOH***822环境发展史LOH + 填空****531教育类M段+M各自特点***512心理实验类M段****421语言类填空+M人物***623发明发展史M句首尾+TFNG****513环境单选***642教育填空****731动物填空****832心理多选****精读步骤限时做题更正答案粗读文章查出单词细读文章找同义词替换分析长难句突破语法点每三天重复记忆单词听课指南•记清上课时间,提前调试设备,进教室做准备•下载课件,安装必要软件•听课时候准备好草稿纸及手机•听课之后整理誊抄笔记•制作自己的趁早精读笔记新浪微博:乐静乐乐老师私人微信:lejingdu公共微信:leleieltsdt如何制作自己的精读笔记•选取质量上乘的大笔记本(200页以上为好)•准备好各种书写工具(签字笔,荧光笔,报事贴)•准备好字典和剑桥系列教材新浪微博:乐静乐乐老师私人微信:lejingdu公共微信:leleieltsdt第一步:制订精读计划•写在本子的第一页•我的雅思考试时间————•我希望取得的总分————•我希望取得的四项分数————•我每天打算给阅读的时间————•我计划读完的篇目——————新浪微博:乐静乐乐老师私人微信:lejingdu公共微信:leleieltsdt第二步:制订每篇精读笔记•将笔记本按照精读篇目数量,分为等份(比如200页的笔记本,计划精读10篇,每一篇分得20页)•按照下面的项目将20页进行分类•第一:限时做题•第二:摘抄单词•第三:题目翻译•第四:翻译长难句•第五:重点语法点•第六:复习新浪微博:乐静乐乐老师私人微信:lejingdu公共微信:leleieltsdt如何正确摘抄关键单词单词词性中文意思同义词/反义词固定表达序号1234新浪微博:乐静乐乐老师私人微信:lejingdu公共微信:leleieltsdt心理类文章813 心灵感应第一步:限时做题◆Questions 27-30◆27 Researchers with differing attitudes towards telepathyagree on◆28 Reports of experiences during meditation indicated◆29 Attitudes to parapsychology would alter drastically with ◆30 Recent autoganzfeld trials suggest that success rateswill improve with精读连报两期效果最明显了解所有题型精读十篇文章必须涨两分Matching句首配句尾A the discovery of a mechanism for telepathy.B the need to create a suitable environment for telepathy.C their claims of a high success rate.D a solution to the problem posed by random guessing.E the significance of the ganzfeld experiments.F a more careful selection of subjects.G a need to keep altering conditions.Matching句首配句尾的解题要点•扫描句首定位先•定位一般按顺序•数字大写和时间•句尾可以先通读•关键名词圈一圈•返回文中定位处•同意替换要看见•再扫句尾配答案•实在不行放弃先精读连报两期效果最明显了解所有题型精读十篇文章必须涨两分大表哥填空解题要点•扫描表头搞清楚一共让你填写几个项目及每个项目特征•用表格里时间数字人名等去定位•表格里的空一般是按顺序出的•注意空前和空后词a 和and 一般不会变•注意因果关系连接词精读连报两期效果最明显了解所有题型精读十篇文章必须涨两分第二步:摘抄单词◆telepathy n. 心灵感应◆parapsychologist n. 超心理学家◆derision n. 嘲笑◆sceptical adj. 怀疑的;猜疑论的◆rigorous adj. 严格的,谨慎的◆implication n. 含义,暗示◆compelling adj. 令人信服的◆sceptic n. 怀疑(论)者;持怀疑态度的人第二步:摘抄单词◆advocate n. 提倡者,拥护者◆concur v. 一致,同意◆ganzfeld n. 超感官知觉全域测试◆meditation n. 冥想;沉思◆swamp v. 淹没◆tranquility n. 宁静,安静◆filter n. 滤光器:滤波器◆random adj. 随机的,任意的◆conventional adj. 传统的,惯例的第二步:摘抄单词◆sensory adj. 知觉的,感觉的◆leakage n. 泄漏,渗漏◆outright adj. 彻底的,完全的◆fraud n. 诈骗,骗子◆automated adj. 自动化的◆minimise v. 使……最小化◆consistency n. 一致性◆detect v. 探测;察觉第二步:摘抄单词◆marginally adv. 轻微地,很少◆mainstream n. 主流◆plausible adj. 有道理的◆mechanism n. 机制◆esoteric adj. 深奥的,难懂的◆entanglement n. 纠缠◆transform v. 改变,改观◆trial n. 试验,尝试阅读一篇心理实验文章时的注意事项•什么实验?•实验的历史•实验的内容---参与者设置特殊条件•实验的结果•对实验结果的争议•结论(如果有的话)心理实验类文章热爱的题型•Matching 段落配信息•Matching 人物配理论•Matching 句首配句尾•填空题•YNNG •一般比较少在题目顺序上较劲儿•更多的是拼命进行同义词替换•对背景的不熟悉是杀手第三步:翻译文章寻找长难句Can human beings communicate by thought alone? For more than a century the issue of telepathy has divided the scientific community, and even today it still spark s bitter controversy among top academics. Since the 1970s, parapsychologists at leading universities and researchinstitutes around the world have risk ed the derision of sceptikalcolleagues by putting the various claims for telepathy to the test in dozens of rigorous scientific studies. The results and theirimplications are dividing even(甚至)the researchers who uncovered them.从这段文字里我们可以总结一个装B的作文开头◆For more than a decade/ century the issue of XXX has divided the scientific community, and even today it still spark s bitter controversy among top academics.◆一定要放上高大上的话题比如什么外太空科技啊基因工程啊转基因食品啊之类的第三步:翻译文章寻找长难句Some researchers say the results constitute compelling evidence that telepathy is genuine(同位语从句). Otherparapsychologists believe the field is on the brink of collapse,having tried to produce definitive scientific proof and failed.Sceptics and advocates alike do concur on(强调句型)oneissue, however: that the most impressive evidence so far has come from the so-called 'ganzfeld' experiments, a German term thatmeans 'whole field'.第三步:翻译文章寻找长难句◆Reports of telepathic experiences had by people during meditationled parapsychologists to suspect that telepathy might involve'signals' passing between people that were so faint that they were usually swamped by normal brain activity.◆In this case, such signals(指代成分)might be more easilydetected by those experiencing meditation -like tranquility in a relaxing ‘whole field’ of light, sound and warmth. (解释)1982年G实验的过程◆The ganzfeld experiment tries to recreate these conditions withparticipants sitting in soft reclining chairs in a sealed room,listening to relaxing sounds while their eyes are covered withspecial filters letting in only soft pink light.◆In early ganzfeld experiments, the telepathy test involved identificationof a picture chosen from a random selection of four taken from a large image bank. The idea was that a person acting as a 'sender' would attempt to beam the image over to the 'receiver' relaxing in the sealed room.1982年G实验的过程Once the session was over, this person was asked to identify which of the four images had been used. Random guessing would give a hit-rate of 25 per cent; if telepathy is real, however, the hit-rate would behigher. In 1982, the results from the first ganzfeld studies were analysed by one of its pioneers, the American parapsychologist Charles Honorton.They pointed to typical hit-rates of better than 30 per cent -a small effect, but one which statistical tests suggested could not be put down to chance.关于G实验结果的质疑The implication was that the ganzfeld method had revealed real evidence for telepathy. But there was a crucial flaw in thisargument -one routinely overlooked in more conventional areas of science. Just because chance had been ruled out as anexplanation did not prove telepathy must exist; there weremany other ways of getting positive results. These ranged from 'sensory leakage' -where clues about the pictures accidentallyreach the receiver -to outright fraud.关于G实验结果的质疑In response, the researchers issued a review of all the ganzfeld studies done up to 1985 to show that 80 per cent had foundstatistically significant evidence. However, they also agreed that there were still too many problems in the experiments which could lead to positive results, and they drew up a list demanding new standards for future research.1987年的G实验After this, many researchers switched to autoganzfeld tests -an automated variant of the technique which used computers to perform many of the key tasks such as the random selection of images. By minimising human involvement, the idea was to minimise the risk of flawed results.1987年的G实验In 1987, results from hundreds of autoganzfeld tests were studied by Honorton in a 'meta-analysis', a statistical technique for finding the overall results from a set of studies. Though less compelling than before, the outcome was still impressive.G实验结果不具说服力的原因Yet some parapsychologists remain disturbed by the lack of consistency between individual ganzfeld studies. Defenders of telepathy point out that demanding impressive evidence from every study(动名词作主语)ignores one basic statistical fact: it takes large samples to detect small effects.G实验结果不具说服力的原因If, as current results suggest, telepathy produces hit-rates only marginally above the 25 per cent expected by chance, it‘s unlikely to be detected by a typical ganzfeld study involving around 40 people: the group is just not big enough. Only when many studies are combined in a meta-analysis will the faint signal of telepathy really become apparent.(倒装句型)And that is what researchers do seem to be finding.G实验结果不具说服力的原因 What they are certainly not finding, however, is any change in attitude of mainstream scientists: most still totally reject the very idea of telepathy. The problem stems at least in part from the lack of any plausible mechanism for telepathy.那么如何解决这个问题呢?Various theories have been put forward, many focusing on esoteric ideas from theoretical physics. They include 'quantumentanglement', in which events affecting one group of atomsinstantly affect another group, no matter how far apart they may be.While physicists have demonstrated entanglement with specially prepared atoms, no-one knows if it also exists between atomsmaking up human minds.那么如何解决这个问题呢? Answering such questions would transform parapsychology. This has prompted some researchers to argue that the future lies not in collecting more evidence for telepathy, but in probing possible mechanisms.那么如何解决这个问题呢?Some work has begun already, with researchers trying to identify people who are particularly successful in autoganzfeld trials. Early results show that creative and artistic people do much better than average: in one study at the University of Edinburgh, musicians achieved a hit-rate of 56 per cent. Perhaps more tests like these will eventually give the researchers the evidence they are seeking and strengthen the case for the existence of telepathy.长难句翻译作业◆Other parapsychologists believe the field is on the brink ofcollapse having tried to produce definitive scientific proof and failed.◆They pointed to typical hit-rates of better than 30 percent—asmall effect, but one which statistical tests suggested could not be put down to chance.长难句翻译作业◆Reports of telepathic experiences had by people during meditationled parapsychologists to suspect that telepathy might involve'signals' passing between people that were so faint that they were usually swamped by normal brain activity.◆While physicists have demonstrated entanglement with speciallyprepared atoms, no-one knows if it also exists between atomsmaking up human minds.◆Answering such questions would transform parapsychology.下次课程预告•提前完成722+613 感受一下不同环境类文章的不同出题点•复习813 背诵所有单词•上课时间是:情人节下午5点40到7点40•先上完课再去吃元宵•先上完课再去约会•否则愿天下有情人都是失散多年的兄妹。
雅思听力807个常用单词
听力807单词雅思听力常用词汇attend vt. 出席, 参加, 照顾, 护理, 注意vi.专心, 留意eventually adv.最后, 终于memorise v.<主英> = memorize 记住, 记忆share n.共享, 参与, 一份, 部分, 份额, 参股vt.分享, 均分, 共有, 分配vi.分享[计] 使DOS支持文件共享和锁定cancel vt.取消, 删去review promptly adv.敏捷地, 迅速地difficult to take down everything space out for saving time space out v.隔开stress n.重压, 逼迫, 压力, 重点, 着重, 强调, 重音vt.着重, 强调, 重读advise vt.劝告, 忠告, 警告, 建approach n.接近, 逼近, 走进, 方法, 步骤, 途径, 通路vt.接近, 动手处理vi.靠近familiar with v.熟悉discuss the seminar 讨论研究会semester 学期confident 自信的, 确信的education system 教育系统assign vt.分配, 指派 v.赋值[计] 将驱动器符重定向至第二个驱动器符choose 选择, 选定injure 损害, 伤害include vt.包括, 包含cause n.原因, 导致某事发生的人或事, 动机, 理由, 根据, 目标, 理想, 事业vt.引起, 惹起, 使(发生), 促成名词Monday 星期一Tuesday 星期二Wednesday 星期三Thursday 星期四Friday 星期五Saturday 星期六Sunday 星期曰January 一月(略作Jan)February 二月(略作Feb)March 三月April 四月(略作Apr)May 五月June 六月(略作Jun)July 七月(略作Jul)August 八月September 九月(略作Sep)October 十月(略作Oct)November 十一月(略作Nov)December 十二月(略作Dec)关于教育term 学期, 期限, 期间, 条款,条件, 术语semester 学期session n.会议, 开庭lecture n.演讲, 讲稿, 谴责, 教训vt.演讲, 训诫, 说教vi.讲演tutorial n.指南course n.过程, 经过, 进程, 方针, 路线, 跑道, 课程, 一道菜v.追猎, 急行, 运行, 流动学业compulsory course 必修课obligatory co 必修课orientation n.方向, 方位, 定位, 倾向性, 向东方summary 摘要, 概要accommodation n.住处, 膳宿,(车, 船, 飞机等的)预定铺位,(眼睛等的)适应性调节, (社会集团间的)迁就融合reception n.接待, 招待会, 接收enrollment 登记, 注册, 入伍,入会, 入学registration n.注册, 报到, 登记breakfast 早餐vi.进早餐lunch .午餐supper 晚餐dinner 正餐, 宴会university (综合)大学institute n.学会, 学院, 协会vt.创立, 开始, 制定, 开始(调查), 提起(诉讼)college (综合大学中的)学院,(独立的)学院, <美>大学, <英>公学, 书院, 高等专科学院, 大学,学会school n.学校, 学院, 学习, 授课, 求学, 全体学生, 学派vt.锻炼, 教育professor 教授, 公开表示信仰的人associate professor 副教授assistant professor 助理教授lecturer 演讲者, 讲师coordinator n.协调者, 同等的人或物counselor n.顾问, 法律顾问adviser n.顾问, <美> (学生的)指导老师tutor n.家庭教师, (大学)指导教师, 助教, 监护人, 辅导教师v.辅导supervisor n.监督人, 管理人, 检查员, 督学, 主管人, [计](网络)超级用户nationality 国籍, 国家, 部落,民族, 民族性administration building 学校行政楼lecture n.演讲, 讲稿, 谴责, 教训vt.演讲, 训诫, 说教vi.讲演culture 文化, 文明local music 本土音乐scientific research 科学研究school facilities学校设施notice board 布告牌library 图书馆, 藏书室, 库pink slip 解雇通知书information desk n.[计]服务台pence n. penny 的复数essay plans ?research papers 研究论文documental adj.公文的, 文件的quiz n.测验, 提问, 恶作剧v.对...进行测验, 盘问, 挖苦sports 有关运动的corporation crime 集团犯罪individual n.个人, 个体adj.个别的, 单独的, 个人的companyoil explosion ?serious result 严重的后果mass media 大众传播媒体,大众传媒, 海量媒体数据academic adj.学院的, 理论的intentionally adv.有意地,故意地aware adj.知道的, 明白的, 意识到的literary theory ?system 系统, 体系, 制度, 体制, 秩序, 规律, 方法astrology n.占星术, 占星学(以观测天象来预卜人间事务的一种方术)astronomy n.天文学关于休闲活动dollar 元, 美元pound n.磅, 英镑, 重击, 鱼塘, 兽栏, 拘留所vt.强烈打击, 捣烂, 监禁, 关入栏vi.连续重击, 连续敲打, 苦干pence penny 的复数snacks n.小吃, 快餐, 一份v.吃快餐(小吃)drinks n.饮料, 酒, 酗酒, 一口(或一些)饮料v.喝, 喝酒, (植物、土壤等的)吸水, 举杯庆贺music 音乐, 乐曲games [计] 游戏decoration n.装饰, 装饰品map n.地图, 图v.绘制地图transportation 运输, 运送地点common room 公共休息室classroom 教室telescope n.望远镜v.压缩location 地点café ?department store 百货公司restaurant 餐馆, 饭店criminal n.罪犯, 犯罪者adj.犯罪的, 犯法的, 罪恶的thief 小偷, 贼case n.事, 病例, 案例, 情形,场合, 讼案, 容器, (语法)格witness n.[律]证人, 目击者, 证据, 证明, 证词vt.目击, 为...作证, 证明, 表明vi.作证, 成为证据street 街, 街道avenue 林荫道, 大街, 方法, 途径, 路boulevard n.<美>林荫大道road 路, 道路, 公路, 大道upset vt.颠覆, 推翻, 扰乱, 使不适, 使心烦vi.翻倒, 倾覆n.翻倒, 混乱purse 钱包door-key 门锁匙feature 人物特征appearance n.出现, 露面, 外貌, 外观hair color 头发颜色scar n.伤痕,疤痕v.结疤,使留下伤痕,创伤curly adj.卷曲的, 卷毛的, 弯曲的, (木材)有皱状纹理的slim adj.苗条的, 纤细的, 不足取的, 无价值的, 细长的v.变细,减肥distinguishing feature 特点, 特征chins n.下巴, 下颚wings n.飞行章, 女童军戴的一种翼形章helicopter n.直升(飞)机, 直升机wing design 机翼设计?solution n.解答, 解决办法, 溶解, 溶液解决方案New Zealand 新西兰(太平洋南部岛国)Australia 澳洲, 澳大利亚United States 美国South Africa 南非(非洲南部的一个国家)previous data 先前的数据?wind tunnel n.风洞engine n.发动机, 机车, 火车头efficiency n.效率, 功效plant .植物, 庄稼, 工厂, 车间,设备vt.种植, 栽培, 培养, 安置vi.种植function n.官能, 功能, 作用, 职责, 典礼, 仪式, [数]函数vi.(器官等)活动, 运行, 行使职责dampness n.潮湿, 湿气environment 环境, 外界advantages 优势, 有利条件, 利益disadvantages 不利, 不利条件,缺点, 劣势temperature 温度university resources ?cassettes n.盒子, 盒式磁带videos 电视, 录象, 视频book in advance ?record n.履历, 档案, 诉状, 最高纪录, 报告, 唱片vt.记录, 标明, 将...录音vi.录音, 被录音adj.创纪录的data datum的复数, [计] 资料, 数据Wind Design ?Sydney 悉尼[雪梨](澳大利亚东南部港市,新南威尔士州首府) similar experiments 相似的实验benefits n.利益, 好处vt.有益于, 有助于vi.受益reduce 减少, 缩小, 简化, 还原windy 有风的, 刮风的, 多风的, 风强的, 腹胀的, 吹牛的maintain humidity 保湿less dangerous 没那么危险的centigrade. 分为百度的, 百分度的,摄氏温度的low noise frequency 低噪音频率evaporates water. 使水蒸发掉factors for 对于~~~的因素tree evaporation 树木水份的蒸发sunlight 日光, 阳光, 日照water 水, 雨水, 海水, 水位, 水面, 流体vt.喷淋, 供以水, 注入水, 使湿vi.流泪, 加水adj.水的, 水上的, 水生的, 含水的new surroundings 新环境distant deadline 遥远的最终限期impression n.印象, 感想, 盖印, 压痕library building 图书馆frequency n.频率, 周率, 发生次数living condition 生活状况weekends 在每个周末special n.特派员, 专车, 专刊adj.特别的, 特殊的, 专门的, 专用的report 报告, 传说, 谣言, 声誉, 名声, 爆炸声v.报导, 汇报, 报到, 告发price 价格, 价钱, 代价vt. 给...定价, 问...的价格, 标明价格lecture 演讲, 讲稿, 谴责, 教vt.演讲, 训诫, 说教vi.讲演adult n.成人, 成年人adj.成人的,成熟的children 孩子, 孩子们touch table ?blind adj.瞎的, 盲目的vt.使失明, 缺乏眼光或判断力visitors 访问者, 来宾, 游客expensive 花费的, 昂贵的restaurantrare adj.稀罕的, 杰出的, 珍贵的, (肉类)半熟的adv.非常lions 狮子, (剽悍的人)社交场合的名流condition n.条件, 情形, 环境,社会地位vt.以...为条件, 使达到要求的情况animals 动物design n.设计, 图案, 花样, 企图, 图谋, (小说等的)构思, 纲要v.设计, 计划, 谋划, 构思interview vt.接见, 会见n.接见,会见medicine n.药, 医学, 内科学,内服药vt.给...用药language 语言, 语言文学, 术语psychology n.心理学, 心理状态parents’ wishes 父母的期望high score in school 在学校有高学分friends 朋友, 赞助者, 助手rules n.规则, 惯例, 统治, 章程,破折号, 准则, 标准, 控制vt.规定, 统治, 支配, 裁决vi.统治,管辖, 裁定n.规则, 水线century 世纪, 百年, 百个, 板球中的一百分, 百元(钞票)Intervention n.干涉royal commission (英国)皇家专门调查委员会monopoly of education 教育垄断Scientists 科学家Prime Ministers 总理, 首相public n.公众, (特定的)人群, 公共场所adj.公众的, 公共的, 公立的, 公用的private 私人的, 私有的, 私营的, 秘密的standard 旗, 军旗, 标准, 规格,本位adj.标准的, 权威, 第一流的Booklist (某个题目或学科的)推荐书目, 书单Faculty-based ?funny 有趣的, 好笑的, 滑稽的,奇异的, 古怪的n.滑稽人物intelligent 聪明的, 伶俐的, 有才智的, [计]智能的video project 录象投映fields system ?commuter n.通勤者, 经常往返者financial advices 财政咨询instrument n.工具, 手段, 器械, 器具, 手段second-hand 二手的student union (大学的)学生活动大楼,学生会occupation n.职业, 占有, 占有(房屋等)期间director 主任, 主管, 导演, (机关)首长, (团体)理事, (公司)董事,指挥仪, 控制器photographer 摄影师n.摄影师interviewer 会见者interviewee n.被接见者, 被访问者quality 质量, 品质, 性质reform n.改革, 改善, 改良运动, 感化vt.改革, 革新, 重新组成vi.革新, 改过, 重组Greece 希腊Britain 英国teacher 教师Russia 俄国, 俄罗斯, 苏联blond hair 金发intelligent 聪明的, 伶俐的, 有才智的, [计]智能的reporters 记者, 通讯员railway worker 跌路工人beautiful 美丽的, 很好的equipment 装备, 设备, 器材, 装置Title n.头衔, 名称, 标题, 冠军, 资格, 字幕, 权利, 扉页vt.赋予头衔, 加标题于adj.标题的, 用作书名的Designer 阴谋家,设计家,制图师 writer 作者, 作家, 复写器overhead view 俯视college close-up close-up n.特写镜头, 从近处仔细的观察, 小传Interviewee: teacherclear & informative ?coffee break 外国人在工作中喝咖啡休息时间?kindergarten 幼儿园PARKING 停车LECTURE ROOMS ?home-stay 在国外住在房东家里的那种Surname 姓v.用姓称呼Passport .护照personal consulting 个人顾问available time 有效时间, 有用时间,可利用时间work systematically systematicall y adv.系统地, 有系统地extensive writing ?good results 好的结果/成绩practical materials ?focus on 集中leisure time 休闲时间Advanced English Study ?non-smoker 不吸烟者non-drinker 不渴洒者pet n.宠物, 受宠爱的人, 不悦adj.宠爱的, 亲昵的vt.宠爱vi.拥抱, 爱抚, 生气, 发脾气favorite food 最喜欢的食物sea food 海产食物, 海鲜tennis n.网球运动adj.网球的,用于网球运动的vi.打网球preferred transportation 首选的运输方式(train) 火车, 列车, 行列, 后果,顺序, 长队, 长袍(裙)拖地的部分, 导火线vt.训练, 培养, 瞄准,(园艺)整枝vi.锻炼V isa n.签证vt.签准维萨信用卡currency form 货币形式?embassy 大使及其随员, 大使的派遣, 大使馆transportation card ?Student ID Card 学生身份证International Student Card 国际学生证passport photos 护照大小的相片accepted currency 认可的货币Australian dollars and Y en 澳元跟日圆?a survey n.测量, 调查, 俯瞰, 概观, 纵览, 视察vt.调查(收入,民意等) 测量, 勘定, 审视, 视察, 俯瞰, 通盘考虑vi.测量土地Occupation 职业cashier 出纳员big department store 大的百货商场jeans 斜纹布裤, 牛仔裤books, 书, 书籍sportswear 运动装, 休闲活动穿着的衣服trousers 裤子, 长裤STATIONERY n.文具, 信纸Goal 目的, 目标, 守门员, 球门,(球赛等的)得分Intention n.意图, 目的Efficiently adv.有效率地, 有效地Consultation n.请教, 咨询, 磋商, [医]会诊Financial source 财源, 资金来源Radio station 广播站campus radio station校园广播站student fund 学生基金participate vi.参与, 参加, 分享, 分担Partner 合伙人, 股东, 舞伴, 伴侣professor教授和teacher 老师ground floor 第一层cost n.成本, 价钱, 代价vt.价值为, (使)花费(金钱,时间,劳力等),使失去(生命,健康等), 令人付出vi.花费overseas student 外国学生reading ability 阅读能力vacation n.假期, 休假, (房屋等的)腾出v.<美>度假, 休假part time job 兼职English language system 英语语言系统Tax 税Castle 城堡common houses ?advertisement n.广告, 做广告donation n.捐赠品, 捐款, 贡献topic 话题, 主题conference n.会议, 讨论会, 协商会assignment n.分配, 委派, 任务, (课外)作业volunteer n.志愿者, 志愿兵adj.志愿的, 义务的, 无偿的v.自愿various不同的, 各种各样的, 多方面的, 多样的varied 杂色的, 各式各样的unusual 不平常的, 与众不同的,不寻常的pop music 流行音乐current affairs 时事, 新闻phone-in 〈广播、电视〉听众热线电话直播节目local news 当地新闻time table 时间表schedule n.时间表, 进度表v.确定时间the title 标题seafood restaurant 海洋餐馆passage 通过, 经过, 通道, 通路, (一)段, (一)节aisle n.走廊, 过道corridor 走廊lift n.举起, 电梯, 起重机, 搭车vt.升高, 提高, 举起, 空运vi.升起, (指雾等)消散, 耸立cocktail n.鸡尾酒, (第一道用杯盛的)开味食品adj.鸡尾酒的receptionist n.招待员, 传达员delegate fee ?guest n.客人, 来宾, 旅客vt.招待, 款待vi.作客, 寄宿steak n.(供煎, 烤等的)肉, 鱼, 肉片, 鱼片, 肉排, 牛排fish n.鱼, 鱼肉, 鱼类, 接合板vt.钓, 钓鱼, 查出, 用接合板连接vi.捕鱼, 钓鱼, 用钩捞取, 间接探听, 拉摸索寻找barbecue n.吃烤烧肉的野餐seminar 研究会, 讨论发表会campus life 校园生活home country 家乡archaeology n.考古学tribute n.贡品, 礼物, 颂词, 殷勤, 贡物goods 货物, <美俚>工具historian n.历史学家, 史家rapid population 快速增长的人口cultivate vt.培养, 耕作evidence 明显, 显著, 明白, 迹象, 根据, [物]证据, 证物stores and temples ?imported n.进口货(常用复数), 进口, 输入, 意思, 重要性vt.输入, 进口, 含...的意思, 重要, 引入vi.有关系, 有重要性rich-colored 色彩丰富的pottery n.陶器, 陶器场marketing system 销售系统exchange in craft goods 工艺货物的交易noble houses 贵族房common residents 普通居民?precious stones. 宝石expiry n.满期, 呼气, 终了, 终结injection n.注射, 注射剂, (毛细血管等的)充血, (人造卫星, 宇宙飞船等的)射入轨道Y ellow Fever 黄热病mosquito net 蚊帐walking boots ?comfortable shoes 合穿的鞋子checks 支票in US Dollarscredit card 信用卡, 签帐卡present n.赠品, 礼物, 现在, 瞄准adj.现在的, 出席的, 当面的vt.介绍, 引见, 给, 赠送, 上演,提出, 呈现vi.举枪瞄准plastics n.整形外科, 外科修补术chemist’s n.化学家, 药剂师Silent Island 孤岛Rain Forest 雨林coffee shop 咖啡店(=coffee house)waste of time 浪费时间notes n.笔记, 短信, (外交)照会,注解, 注释, 票据, 纸币, 音vt.注意, 记录, 笔记stress n.重压, 逼迫, 压力, 重点,着重, 强调, 重音vt.着重, 强调,重读pressure 压, 压力, 电压, 压迫,强制, 紧迫unsociable adj.不爱交际的influenced n.影响, 感化, 势力, 有影响的人(或事), (电磁)感应vt.影响, 改变business 商业, 买卖, 交易, 生意, 事情, 事物, 营业, 商行local food 当地食品interest-free 免利息long term loan 长期贷款furniture 家具, 设备, 储藏物refreshment n.点心, 饮料, 精力恢复, 爽快career n.(原意:道路, 轨道)事业,生涯, 速度increase rate 上升/增加率inflation rate 通货膨胀率deflation rate 通货紧缩率deflation n.放气, 缩小, 通货紧缩, 物价低廉(尤指成本不降低时的反常情形)therapy n.治疗therapy method 治疗方法psychological patient 心理病人examine the record 检查档案/记录in clinical circle 以临床循环模式diploma n.文凭, 毕业证书, 证明权力、特权、荣誉等的证书, 奖状Master’s Degree 硕士学位presentation n.介绍, 陈述, 赠送, 表达heart disease 心脏病roommates n.同屋者, 室友disturbance n.骚动, 动乱, 打扰, 干扰, 骚乱, 搅动moustache n.小胡子, (哺乳动物的)触须moustache [简明英汉词典]dark hair 黑发beard 胡须light colored hair ?bathroom 浴室, 盥洗室diary 日记daughter 女儿traffic jam 塞车, 交通拥塞ambitions 野心, 雄心law n.法律, 诉讼, 法学, 法治,司法界, 规律v.对...起诉, 控告abbr.[军] Light Anti-Tank Weapon,轻型反坦克武器reform the reform n.改革, 改善, 改良运动, 感化vt.改革, 革新, 重新组成vi.革新, 改过, 重组voting system 投票系统heart rate 心率disordered adj.混乱的, 害了病的, 发狂的maximum n.最大量, 最大限度, 极大adj.最高的, 最多的, 最大极限的beats. n.敲打, 拍子, 巡逻区域v. 打, 打败(心脏跳动)unhealthy diet 不健康的饮食festival 节日concert 音乐会, 一致picnic n.野餐vi.(去)野餐performance n.履行, 执行, 成绩, 性能, 表演, 演奏louder speakers 扬声器performance time 表演时间date location 约会场所?Drama Theatre 戏剧,院,Town Hall 市政厅Harbour n.(=harbor) 海港(chest) infection n.[医] 传染, 传染病, 影响, 感染prescribed v.指示, 规定, 处(方), 开(药)antibiotics n.抗生素, 抗生学Spoon n.匙, 调羹, 勺子remarks n.备注, 评论, 注意, 注释vt.评论, 注意, 谈及vi.谈论side effects 负作用penicillin n.[微]青霉素(一种抗菌素,音译名为盘尼西林)before meals 饭前cough medicine 止.咳药drowsiness n.睡意tutor about their presentations Presentation n.介绍, 陈述, 赠送, 表达confident 自信的, 确信的unsatisfied 不满意的,未得到满足的sense of relief. ?sense of satisfaction. 满足感consulted v.商量, 商议, 请教, 参考, 考虑reference books 参考书lack of vocabulary 欠缺词汇reading speed 阅读速度environmental study adj.周围的, 环境的n.环境论public health .1.公共卫生 2.公共卫生设施engineering 工程(学)reading strategy 阅读策略migration n.移民, 移植, 移往, 移动tones found existing in Chinese?the initial migration 最初的移民lock windows 锁窗户Address n.地址, 致辞, 演讲,说话的技巧vt.向...致辞, 演说,写姓名地址, 从事, 忙于empty for ?clean woman ?rent v.租, 租借, 出租n.租金water heater 热水器fridge 电冰箱midnight 午夜details 详细资料landlady 女房东, 女地主, (旅馆等的)老板娘research and education 研究与教育forest area 森林区market garden 商品菜园purpose 目的, 意图,period n.时期, 学时, 节, 句点,周期, (妇女的)经期adj.过去某段时期的int.没有了species n.种类, (原)核素n.[律]式样n.[宗]圣餐物rare animal 稀有动物goats, horses, hens goat n.山羊, <俚>色鬼, <美俚>替罪羊demonstration of fishing Demonstration n.示范, 实证Soft drinks 软饮料books about animals 关于动物的书soft toys ?variety of food 食品的种类varietyn.变化, 多样性, 种种, 品种, 种类survey research 调查研究London 伦敦University Pres大学出版社[部]Subjects n.题目, 主题, 科目,学科, 国民, [语法]主语adj.受他国统治的, 未独立的, 受制于...的, 受...影响的, 以...为条件的vt.使屈从于...,使隶属sun report ?home、bone、grandGrand adj.盛大的, 豪华的, 重大的, 主要的, 极重要的the tribe n.部落, 部族painting n.上油漆, 着色, 绘画,油画v.描绘temple walls ?bones 骨骼, 尸体women and children 妇女与孩子female 女性corpse n.尸体teeth, fingers, bonesbig toe TOE n.趾, 脚趾, 足尖vt.以趾踏触, 用脚尖走vi.动脚尖abbr.[军] Tables of Organization and Equipment, 编制及装备表small stones 舰上人员的自费零星用品research time 研究时间Mills bomb 蛋形手榴弹Mill n.压榨机, 磨坊, 磨粉机,工厂, 制造厂vt.碾磨, 磨细, 搅拌, 使乱转, 打vi.乱转, 被碾磨teeth 牙齿decay vi.腐朽, 腐烂, 衰减, 衰退n.腐朽, 腐烂, 衰减, 衰退v.衰落sugar 糖, 食糖cold drink 冷饮coffee 咖啡。
雅思听力方法论何琼笔记
雅思听力方法论何琼笔记
雅思听力考试是雅思考试的其中一个部分,主要考察考生在英语听力方面的能力。
在备考雅思听力考试时,我们需要掌握一定的方法和技巧来提高自己的得分。
下面是我在备考雅思听力考试过程中总结出来的方法和技巧。
1. 提前预习
在考试前,我们应该提前预习一些可能出现的话题和词汇,以便在听到这些话题和词汇时能够更好的理解和记忆。
可以通过翻阅相关资料、听取英文广播、观看英文电影等方式来进行预习。
2. 识别关键词
在听力考试中,我们需要识别关键词,这些关键词可能是名词、动词、形容词等,是表达意思的关键。
当我们听到这些关键词时,我们需要特别注意并理解其含义。
3. 多听多练
听力考试需要积累和练习,只有多听多练才能提高我们的听力能力。
可以通过听取英文电台、电视、原版电影等方式来进行听力练习。
同时,我们还可以参加一些雅思听力模拟考试,加深对考试形式的理解和熟悉考试环境。
4. 注意细节
在听力考试中,我们需要注意细节,包括数字、时间、地点等。
这些细节可能是问题的答案或者是对问题的解答,我们需要认真理解和记忆。
5. 快速笔记
在听力考试中,我们可以快速做笔记来帮助自己记忆和理解。
可以做一些简单的符号或者缩写来记录关键信息,但是需要确保不会浪费太多时间。
以上就是我在备考雅思听力考试过程中总结的方法和技巧,希望对大家有所帮助。
雅思听力真题核心词汇
A7-screen cinema 有七个屏幕的电影院A College Tour 校园行(纪录片名)abbreviation n. 缩写,缩写词academic circle 学术圈Academic English 学术英语accident n. 意外事件,事故accommodation n. 住处,住所accurate adj. 准确的,精确的actor n. 男演员actress n. 女演员additional information 附加信息adult n. 成年人adj. 成年的advanced course 高级课程Advanced English Study 高级英语advantage n. 优势,长处advertisement n. 广告adj. 广告的Africa n. 非洲Afternoon tea 下午茶agriculture n. 农业air-conditioner n. 空调机aisle n. 走廊,过道Alaska n. 阿拉斯加(美国州名)alcoholic drink 含酒精的饮料alley n. 小巷,胡同,小径(保龄球等的)球道allocate vt. 分派,分配allocation n. 分配,配给allowance n. 津贴,补助altitude n. (海拔)高度ambiguous adj. 有多种意思的,意思含糊的American n. 美洲,美国analytical adj. 分析的,解析的ancestor n. 祖先,祖宗ancestor’s heritage 祖先的遗产ancient adj. 祖先的ancient temple 古庙announcement n. 通告,宣告answering machine 电话应答机Antarctic adj. 南极的Antarctica n. 南极洲Antarctica Treaty 南极条约Antibiotics n. 抗生素apartment n. 公寓式房屋ape n. 猿appearance n. 容貌,出现,出场,登台,外观Application Form 申请表Applied Science 应用科学approach n. 接近,逼近,走进,方法,步骤,途径vt. 接近,动手处理vi. 靠近approval n. 核定,批准,认可,通过,证明April n. 四月Aquarium n. 水族馆,养鱼池,玻璃缸Archaeology n. 考古学Architecture n. 建筑学argument n. 争论,辩论Art Festival 艺术节art gallery 美术画廊article n.文章,论文,项目,条款,物品,对象,商品assess vt. 估计,估算,评估,评价assign vt. 分配,委派,确定,选定,布置assignment n. 分配,分派,任务,课题,作业athlete n. 运动员athletic adj. 运动的,身强力壮的athletic injury 运动创伤Atlantic Ocean 大西洋atmospheric problem 空气问题attraction n. 吸引,吸引力,吸引人的东西attractive neighbor 有吸引力的邻居audience n. 听众,观众August n. 八月Australia n. 澳大利亚,澳洲Australian adj. 澳大利亚的,澳大利亚人的Australian dollar 澳元available adj. 可得到的;可利用的average ability 平均的能力award n. 奖品vt. 把。
何琼雅思听力复合词与连字符问题 总结
何琼雅思听力复合词与连字符问题总结在雅思听力考试中,复合词和连字符是常见的语言现象,对于考生来说,掌握复合词和连字符的使用规则非常重要。
本文将总结何琼雅思听力中的复合词和连字符问题,并提供一些解决方法。
首先,复合词在雅思听力中经常出现。
复合词是由两个或多个词组合而成的一个新词,其词义通常与组成它的词有关。
在听力中,复合词可能以连字符或不带连字符的形式出现。
例如,"high-speed"和"handmade"都是常见的复合词。
复合词的正确理解对于正确回答听力问题至关重要。
因此,考生需要通过大量的练习来熟悉各种复合词的用法和含义。
其次,连字符在复合词中的使用也是一个考生常遇到的问题。
连字符用于将两个或多个词连接起来,以形成一个新的词或短语。
在听力中,连字符通常用于连接名词和形容词,动词和副词,或者两个形容词。
例如,"well-known"和"up-to-date"都是常见的使用连字符的复合词。
在听力中,如果考生没有正确识别连字符,就有可能误解句子的意思,从而影响对问题的回答。
因此,考生需要特别注意连字符的使用,并且要能够准确地判断何时使用连字符。
此外,在听力中,还有一些特殊情况需要考生注意。
例如,一些复合词在听力中可能没有连字符。
这是因为在实际使用中,连字符可能被省略。
考生需要根据语境来判断是否需要加上连字符。
此外,有些复合词的连字符可能会改变位置。
考生需要注意这些细微的变化,并确保能够准确理解句子的含义。
为了解决何琼雅思听力中的复合词和连字符问题,考生可以采取以下几个方法。
首先,考生应该多听英语材料,例如英语电影、英语新闻等,以增加对复合词和连字符的熟悉度。
其次,考生可以通过划线的方式来标记出复合词和连字符,以便在听力中更容易识别。
此外,考生还可以尝试使用词根词缀的知识来推测复合词的意思。
最后,考生可以通过做大量的练习题来提高对复合词和连字符的理解和应用能力。
乐乐老师七月雅思阅读机经1-10_decrypted
乐乐老师七月雅思阅读机经A1-A10大意及题型710 712 719 726必看802 809 预热起来A01大获成功的清洁剂•商业世界中从来不缺好点子,缺得是将这些点子转为创新产品的资源和能力。
•澳大利亚柠檬味儿的清洁剂ShowerPower 的成功正是这三者结合的典范。
•1995年Tom Quinn和John Heron花25万澳元买了一家行将倒闭的清洁产品公司OzKleen。
这家公司销售一百多种家庭装的清洁产品。
彼时,这家公司的产品配方效果微弱,不环保,也没几个老客户;但是现在,ShowerPower 则成了清洁剂市场拳头产品。
•是什么促成了这个惊天逆转?主要是Tom和John雇佣了一位化学专家来钻研配方。
Tom24岁的儿子Peter和这位专家共同努力,Peter特别讨厌Chlorine这种元素,所以化学专家转而使用citrus 配方。
最终,他成功了,公司也完全拥有了这种配方的知识产权。
•一开始,Shower Power 还是家庭大包装,但是Quinn很快推出了750ml装的产品,广受好评。
消费者驱车前来购买,写来热情洋溢的信。
很快,产品在澳大利亚大超市woolworths 就有了专柜A01大获成功的清洁剂•Shower Power1997年在澳大利亚大超市上市,稳居销售榜首六个月,为了能够跟上需求,OzKleen停止了其它商品的生产,重建生产线专门生产Shower Power 。
当然,这也造成公司现金流一度非常紧张。
•OzKleen的下一个突破很快到来了。
大百货公司Myer百货老板的女儿度假时用了ShowerPower ,回到悉尼马上说服父亲让这种产品在Coles连锁超市上架。
为了进一步跟上产能,Quinn投资5万澳元购买了自动灌装生产线,并且自行改进了生产线,这项改进也获得了专利。
•OzKleen成功的关键就是能够迅速地把好点子转化为新产品。
很快,Power Shower行销海外,而公司也开始研发新一系列的清洁产品。
雅思听力环球雅思课件lesson 3_decrypted
快速构思-保驾护航Reinforcement including confirmation•In addition to•Additionally• Moreover•Also•Besides•Further•Furthermore•What is more2015-1-11Reference (refers back to previous sentences)•And•Mainly•As follows•Mostly•Chiefly•Namely•For instance•Notably•For example•Or•In other words•Particularly•In particular•Such as•Including•That is2015-1-11•Summary(A generalization or summing up of what has preceded)•Altogether•Then•Hence•Therefore•In brief•Thus•For these reasons•In conclusion•To conclude•In short•To sum up•Overall•To summarize2015-1-11议论文审题重点所在• 1. 仔细读题,准确判断是哪种类型题目;• 2. 划出限定词-形容词,名词,副词,连词;• 3. 尝试深层理解题目:画面感,因果关系;• 4. 对于含糊的题目,一定要自己说服了自己再写。
2015-1-11必须会用副词!!!!•1. 动词+副词•2. 副词+形容词--干掉very •3. 非中文字面使用副词+形容词•Critically important•Incredibly convenient•Extremely dangerous/harmful•Be highly likely to --一定会用/用对•Considerably more efficient •Remarkably useful/helpful •Dangerously high level of air pollution在…..方面•culturally•financially •economically •monetarily •academically•mentally – physically active •socially •technologically •scientifically•对于好坏/利弊型的题目来说,有两种写法:最简单能保证写完的和最有逻辑拿高分的。
雅思听力需要的单词
雅思听力需要的单词雅思听力考试是一个测试考生听力能力的重要环节。
在备考雅思听力时,考生需要掌握一些常用的单词和短语,以便更好地理解和听懂听力材料。
以下是一些雅思听力中常用的单词:1. Analyze 分析2. Appropriate 合适的3. Aspect 方面4. Assess 评估5. Challenge 挑战6. Debate 辩论7. Demonstrate 证明8. Evaluate 评估9. Evidence 证据10. Factor 因素11. Interpret 解释12. Perspective 视角13. Potential 潜力14. Priority 优先15. Strategy 策略16. Sufficient 充足的17. Theory 理论18. Valid 有效的19. Variation 变化20. Approach 方法21. Consequence 后果22. Contradict 矛盾23. Correlate 相关24. Deduce 推断25. Demonstration 展示26. Emphasis 强调27. Hypothesis 假设28. Implication 含义29. Inference 推断30. Integrate 整合31. Intuition 直觉32. Perception 感知33. Preconception 预设34. Relevance 相关性35. Scope 范围36. Substantiate 证实37. Verification 验证38. Bias 偏见39. Consistency 一致40. Credibility 可信性以上这些词汇是雅思听力中经常出现的,考生可以通过反复练习和记忆来提高自己的听力技巧和应对能力。
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claim索赔23.课外活动活动相关:demonstration示范,证明,示威游行thriller惊险小说slang俚语feedback反馈,成果,回复discount折扣prevention预防,阻止supervision监督,管理cancel取消performers演奏者,执行者orchestra管弦乐队adviser指导老师,顾问online exchange在线交流,线上交易compete with a friend与朋友竞争time yourself给自己计时run all kinds of path尝试各种各样的途径volleyball排球football足球handball手球tennis网球drama戏剧yoga瑜伽book a camp预定营帐match tickets比赛门票collect information收集信息sport equipment运动器材rock climb攀岩book in advance提前预定the leg strength腿部力量a free hour with training免费一小时附送培训指导better concentration更好地集中release stress释放压力react time反应时间no cheap ticket available便宜票已售完fire drill消防演习物品相关:poster海报,广告,招贴decoration装饰item条,项,件rubber橡皮橡胶的sport sweater运动服stop watch秒表a poster competition海报大赛model making模型制作食品相关:buffet自助餐refreshments零食点心meat肉类cheese干酪starter开创者,第一道菜shelf架子French onion soup法式洋葱汤fruit juice果汁chilled mineral water冰镇矿泉水cold drink冷饮salad bar自助沙拉吧roast dinner烤肉大餐lentil curry咖喱扁豆plum pudding李子布丁apple pie苹果馅饼cocktail鸡尾酒label标注v.标签n.sandwich三明治3steel钢铁n.钢铁的adj.钢化v.double-grill双层烤架heat 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blankets漂亮的红色毛毯44.旅游旅游相关:nationality国籍visa签证consulate领事,领事馆vacation假期sunshield遮阳板hiking徒步旅行guided tours有导游的旅行cycling骑脚踏车excursion远足souvenir纪念品waterproof防水的string细绳directions方向,指导,用法说明necessity需要,必需品travel package旅游套票,包价旅游business trip出差tower view塔顶视野(景观)tourism tax旅游业税收swimming suit游泳衣casual clothes休闲服装horse riding骑马culture context文化背景sun hat遮阳帽night tour夜游地点景点:landmark地标embassy大使馆,使馆全体人员utilities公共设施weed除草v.杂草terminal终点,终端机waterfall瀑布post岗位cinema电影院France法国Rome罗马Greece希腊Malaysia马来西亚Oceania大洋洲Alaska阿拉斯加India印度Africa非洲Europe欧洲Germany德国Greece希腊England英格兰Stonehenge巨石阵Bristol布里斯托Tahiti塔希提岛Ecuador厄瓜多尔Amsterdam阿姆斯特丹(荷兰)Middle East中东South America南美洲hotel旅馆sculpture雕塑n.雕刻loudspeaker扬声器grass草地harbor海港amenity舒适,便利设施weather observing天气观测tropical zone热带区域viewing shelter观测点elephant zone(参观)大象区main entrance正门入口special offers特卖formal gardens规则式花园seven-screen cinema有七块荧幕的电影院bowling alley保龄球馆video games arcade电子游乐场historical interest历史名胜industrial village工业小镇botanical gardens植物园art gallery美术馆5tribal 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instrument乐器sound effects音效poor sound quality音质不好tune曲调comedy喜剧exposition博览会,阐述medal勋章,奖章,纪念章regulation管理,规则stopwatch跑表exaggerated by media被媒体夸大fancy dress化妆舞会所穿的服装family ticket家庭套票action plan行动方案performance表演dance舞蹈circus马戏theatrical events剧场演出magic show魔术表演aerial display空中表演puppet show木偶剧marquee大帐篷access入口foyer大厅auditorium观众席8.文化Jazz爵士乐classic经典的pop流行音乐electronic sound电子音乐easy listening轻音乐classical music古典音乐opera house歌剧院cultures文化press新闻misrepresented歪曲报道的mass media大众传媒news broadcasts新闻报道academic circle学术界motion picture电影subtitles字幕theatre戏剧lighting照明film reels胶片夹badminton羽毛球judo柔道kick-boxing跆拳道9yoga瑜伽radio收音机disco迪斯科舞厅pub酒馆club酒吧karaoke bars练歌房sports club健身俱乐部closed-circuit TV闭路电视National Arts Centre国家美术馆silver paper银箔纸节目相关:commercial商业的current affair时事radio program广播节目musical prize音乐奖concert room演奏室,音乐厅9.作业讨论地点相关:chemistry lab化学实验室engineer room工程师室人物相关:beginner初学者,创始人audience观众,听众tutor辅导postgraduate研究生editor编辑,社论撰写人professor教授,教师expert专家,行家classify分类reliable可靠的,可信赖的人lecturer讲师office assistant办公室助理young set青年组weaker students较弱的学生project team项目组gain confidence获得信心obey rules遵守规定interview skills面试技巧time management skills时间管理能力demonstration and suggestion示范和建议物品相关:sample样品textbook教科书,课本materials物质的,重要的,材料,物资internet connections网络连接white board白板booklet小册子handout讲义copies复印件darkroom facilities暗房设备tape recorder录音机sheet of paper(张)纸monthly magazine月刊作业相关:beginning开始,起点random任意的随意Summary扼要的摘要presentation描述measurement测量layout设计,布局approach方法,途径key texts关键内容10criteria标准bibliography参考书目references参考书articles文章graph图表task任务questionnaire问卷reference参考checklist清单,备忘录purpose目的,决心draft草稿,起草well-organized有条理的vocabulary词汇insert插入subheadings副标题paragraphs段落formatting格式化due到期的inaccurate不准确的adj.invalid无效的delay延期format格式publication出版,出版物e-mail电子信函essay散文survey调查assignment任务,分配,作业submission提交,投降sevenfold七倍的incorrectness错误,不合适,不真实documentary文件的,纪实的attachment附件italic斜体字evaluation评价,评估seminar group讨论小组list of objectives对象列表project outline项目计划大纲wide reading博览群书a clear argument思路清晰的论证design research设计研究theory chapters理论篇relevant material相关材料new approach新方法class note课堂笔记independent learning独立学习collect data收集数据conference report会议报告end of term学期末laboratory report实验报告be filmed被拍摄skill focus技能专攻picture framing图片构成,成像page numbering标书页telephone interview电话采访contents page目彔页oral presentation口头陈述, written assignment/work笔头作业computer-loaded information计算机加载信息draft version初稿research methodology研究方法discuss the result讨论结果,science research科学研究analyze material分析材料postal survey邮寄调查11learning methods学习方法reading list阅读书目be better sequenced安排得更好proper structure合理的结构wild selection of广泛的选择上课:lectures演讲medicine医学literature文学,文献psychology心理学anthropology人类学engineering工程Communication in Business商务交际population studies人口学management管理computing计算处理sociology社会学specialist knowledge专业知识tutorials辅导课concern涉及concentrate集中distraction注意力分散,消遣virtual learning虚拟学习cartoon卡通片seminar讨论会retail零售resit补考,重考global listening skills把握大意的听力技巧population computer science人口计算机学video cameras摄像机computer program计算机程序exam preparation备考vocational course职业课程slide presentation放映幻灯片group discussion小组讨论focus on glass and green waste关注玻璃与绿色垃圾Statistics engine design统计数据引擎设计10.图书馆(课程咨询,设置,介绍,评估)学校设置:laboratory实验室,研究室headphone双耳式耳机pigeonhole分类photocopy复印件college dining room大学食堂single-sex schools单性别学校(男校/女校)mixed-sex schools男女共学学校full-time intensive全日制密集型part-time非全日制的adj.copy machine复印机microfilm Library微缩胶卷库multimedia resources多媒体资源electronic directory电子电话簿tape recorder录音机videos视频12cassettes磁带laptops笔记本电脑software软件laboratory实验室registration登记,注册scholarship奖学金,学识accommodation住处timetable时间表waiting list等待名单academic year学年overdue过期的renew续借available可利用的adj.recall召回photocopying facilities复印设备lecture room(hall/theatre)教室security office保卫处category种类computer printer电脑打印audio-visual room视听教室computer centre计算机中心internet service网络服务CD-ROM只读型光盘technical support技术支持课程:diploma course证书课程personnel management人事管理modular courses单元课程time/stress management时间/压力管理leisure time休闲时间trial session实验课程teaching session教学课程report writing报告写作lecture讲座coursework作业final assessment最终评估a case study案例分析a short report简短的报告人物:researcher研究人员staff员工undergraduate大学生postgraduate研究生colleague同事director主管borrower借用人instructor指导员conductor售票员,管理者Cataloguing Assistant编目助手overseas students留学生full-time students全日制学生international students国际学生academic talents学术人才其他:donation捐款,捐赠behavior行为,举止pink slip解雇通知书11.生态动物相关:species物种creature生物camel骆驼n.驼色的cattle牛chameleon变色龙,善变的人frog青蛙birds鸟类,禽类insects昆虫13eggs蛋,卵herring鲱鱼swan天鹅goose鹅,鹅肉dinosaur恐龙squirrel松鼠domesticated ostrich圈养鸵鸟native bees本地蜜蜂kangaroo袋鼠crocodile鳄鱼monkey猴子nest巢spider蜘蛛hunting打猎germ微生物,胚芽bee optic蜜蜂视力collect food采集食物injured animals受伤的动物training animals训练动物giraffe长颈鹿life cycle生命周期killer whale虎鲸杀人鲸migration patterns迁徙模式parasites寄生虫sea horse海马shark鲨鱼dinosaur恐龙texture质地feather羽毛hide兽皮leather皮革fat脂肪cholesterol胆固醇nourish抚养footprint脚印breed繁殖tail尾巴feed喂养feather羽毛bones骨骼mane鬃毛length长度weight重量skeleton骨骼wings翅膀sense of smell嗅觉skin texture肤质track rear后轮距植物相关:organic有机的,器官的corn谷物fiber纤维纤维制品seed种子coral reef珊瑚礁rubber tree橡胶树vegetation植被branch(es)树枝leaves叶子plants植物blossom开花pollinate授粉环境相关:climate气候environment环境impact影响temperature温度canyon峡谷sunlight日光restrictions限制sand沙子surface表层salinity盐度current洋流patterns模式distortion失真扭曲chemicals化学制品control(s)操纵装置water level水位hunting打猎circumstances情况sanctuary避难所ancestors祖先evaporate蒸发shady(shaded)背阴的adj.internal mechanism内部机理ocean floor海底astronomy天文coastline海岸线flooding泛滥crystal结晶,水晶estimate估计farming农业,耕作volcano火山storm暴风雨rainforest雨林14petrol汽油battery电池forest深林rocks岩石settlement解决,处理oxygen氧气wetland湿地,沼泽地isolation隔离,绝缘tides趋势,潮汐garbage垃圾,废物next to river在河流旁边rock salt岩盐plain平原plateaux=plateau高原traditional industry传统工业natural gas天然气standard grade标准级vehicle noise车辆噪声Environmental Agency环境署loss of soil土壤流失grain pattern颗粒结构be contaminated受到污染的incineration plant焚化场negative effect消极影响soil damage土体损伤urban landscape城市景观物品相关:radar雷达food chain食物链name badge姓名牌人物相关:consumer消费者,顾客smoker吸烟者drinker酗酒者shoplifter商店扒手juvenile青少年的experts专家lecturer讲师scientist科学家Lord Mayor市长大人self-centered自我中心的stimulation刺激,鼓舞learning学习,学问passive被动的,消极的guard守卫警惕media媒体gender性别philosopher哲学家morality道德,品行,美德workforce劳动力children's background孩子的背景经历, historical maps历史地图parental teaching家长的教育研究的方法12.科普物品:charcoal木炭plastic塑料的塑料制品cement水泥clay粘土man-made人造的fire火arrows箭,箭头lanes小巷,车道advertisements广告,宣传cosmetics化妆品beer啤酒salt盐nuts坚果stones石头rice稻,米饭eating pattern饮食习惯Vitamin A维生素A15olive oil橄榄油water collection tanks集水舱public transport公共交通government election政府选举lid of container容器的盖子window dressing橱窗布置food intake食物摄取(量)加工相关:oven炉,灶,烤箱artificial人造的,仿造的,虚伪的Procedure程序,手续,步骤placement布置,配置timber木材,木料innovation创新,革新,新方法rubber橡胶high temperatures高温install an alarm安装报警器loss of monopoly丧失垄断地位/丧失专卖权clothing sector服装业water pipe水管soft sediment松软沉积物汽车建筑:elevator电梯purpose目的weight重量gravity重力motor发动机revert恢复原状Conference Centre会议中心Transport Museum交通博物馆larger engine capacity更大的发动机功率higher seat更高的座位roll over翻滚,转存,延缓付款express train特快列车running tunnel区间隧道工业农业:agriculture农业manufacture制造mineral矿物iron ore铁矿石fuels燃料coal煤firewood柴火industry工业power力量furnace焚化炉tools工具products产品safety安全性creation创作craftsman工匠axe斧chimney烟囱bricks砖livestock牲畜crops农作物grains谷物ploughs犁farmers农民raw materials原料water 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studies性别研究其他:shortage缺乏,不足cheerful快乐的,高兴的lid盖子,眼睑junction连接,交叉点strike罢工打击election选举,选举权antique古老的古董heritage遗产,传统,继承权activate刺激,激活onto the ground到地面上dry up使干透,使干涸absorbed by sponge被海绵吸收high winds强风,疾风voting system投票制度golden rush淘金热legal problem法律问题17。