物理专业英语复习题库
初一英语物理原理单选题40题
初一英语物理原理单选题40题1.There is a book on the table. If we push it gently, it will start to move. This is because of _____.A.gravityB.frictionC.forceD.magnetism答案：C。
本题考查物理现象对应的英语表达。
A 选项gravity 是重力的意思，书在桌子上移动不是因为重力。
B 选项friction 是摩擦力的意思，这里轻轻推动书刚开始移动不是摩擦力的作用。
C 选项force 是力的意思，推动书是因为施加了力。
D 选项magnetism 是磁力的意思，题干中没有涉及磁力。
2.When we drop a ball, it falls to the ground. This is mainly due to _____.A.electricityB.gravityC.magnetismD.pressure答案：B。
A 选项electricity 是电的意思，球落地不是因为电。
B 选项gravity 重力，球落地是因为重力作用。
C 选项magnetism 磁力，这里没有磁力。
D 选项pressure 是压力的意思，球落地不是因为压力。
3.A car can stop suddenly because of _____.A.gravityB.frictionC.forceD.magnetism答案：B。
A 选项gravity 重力不能让车突然停下。
C 选项force 力比较宽泛，这里具体是摩擦力让车停下。
B 选项friction 摩擦力，车刹车靠的是摩擦力。
D 选项magnetism 磁力，这里和磁力无关。
4.If we slide a box on the floor, the force that opposes its motion is _____.A.gravityB.frictionC.forceD.magnetism答案：B。
物理学专业英语基础期末题库
物理学专业英语基础期末题库Grammar: Choose the best answer （每小题2分）1 . Ice-cream in this restaurant. [单选题] *A. is servingis served(正确答案)C. servesD. served2. Mr. James ________ in China for ten years. Now he has got a job in Australia. [单选题] *A. workedB. has worked(正确答案)C. is workingD. has been working3. ---When will you come to see me, Dad?---I will come to see you when you ____ the training course. [单选题] *A. will have finishedB. will finishC. are finishingD. finish(正确答案)4. He told me that the final examination _______ next Thursday. [单选题] *A. is givenB. will be givenC. would have givenD. would be given(正确答案)5. The little girl _____ her heart out because she _____ her toy bear and believed she wasn’t ever going to find it. [单选题] *A. had cried; lostB. cried; had lost(正确答案)C. has cried; has lostD. cries; has lost6. Water ______ into ice. [单选题] *A. will changedB. must be changedC. should changeD. can be changed(正确答案)7. She had learned English for eight years by the time he from university last year. [单选题] *A. will graduateB. will have graduatedC. graduated(正确答案)D. is t graduate8. The new play _______ in theatre now .Why don’t you go in and see it [单选题] *A. is being shown(正确答案)B. is showingC. is shownD. show9. Can you tell _______ [单选题] *A. when did it happenB. when was it happenedC. when it happened(正确答案)D. when it was happened10. He has been working on the composition the whole morning and he still _____. [单选题] *A. has beenB. doesC. hasD. is(正确答案)11.The price _____, but I doubt whether it will remain so low. [单选题] *A. went downB. will go downC. has gone down(正确答案)D. was going down12.You can’t move in right now. The house _____. [单选题] *A. has paintedB. is paintedC. is being painted(正确答案)D. is painting13. – Is this raincoat yours?– No, mine _____ there behind the door. [单选题] *A. is hanging(正确答案)B. has hungC. was hangingD. hang14. We would like to go and thank him ourselves, but we _____ out his address yet. [单选题] *A. haven’t found(正确答案)B. hadn’t foundC. didn’t findD. don’t find15. Shirley _____ a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it. [单选题] *A. has writtenB. wroteC. had writtenD. was writing(正确答案)16. Do I have to take this medicine? It ____ terrible. [单选题] *A. tastes(正确答案)B. is tastingC. is tastedD. has tasted17. I must return the camera to Li Lei. I _______ it for two weeks. [单选题] *A. keepB. borrowedC. have kept(正确答案)D. have lent18. ______ the job ______ by Lucy or by John? Tell me the truth ,please. [单选题] *A. Has…finishedB. Has …being finishedC.Is …finishD. Has …been finished(正确答案)19. Isn’t this the third time that you _____ late? [单选题] *A. have been(正确答案)B. will beC. wereD. had been20. By this time tomorrow, we _____ the machine. [单选题] *A. have repairedB. will have repaired(正确答案)C. will repairD. would repair21. Have you discovered who __________your book by mistake? [单选题] *A. takesB. took(正确答案)C. takenD. will take22. It _________in the newspaper that a new railway will go through East Forest. [单选题] *A saysB. is said(正确答案)C. saidD. is saying23. We asked our teacher when we __________ for our study trip to New York. [单选题] *A. set outB. have set outC. will set outD. would set out(正确答案)24. The teacher told the students that the sun _________ eight planets. [单选题] *A. has(正确答案)B. haveC. hadD. had had25. If it __________rain tomorrow, we will go to the Botanic Garden to enjoy the beautiful flowers. [单选题] *A isB. willC. isn'tD. doesn't(正确答案)26. The hotel________ a lot of complaints because of the terrible service since last year. [单选题] *A. are receivingB. have receivedC. has received(正确答案)D. received27. I __________the streets in our neighborhood this time yesterday when you called me. [单选题] *A. was cleaning(正确答案)B. have cleanedC. am cleaningD. would clean28. ---You look very nice in your new dress today.---Thank you. I________ it when it was on sale. [单选题] *A. buyB. bought(正确答案)C. have boughtD. will buy29. At the meeting the boss was explaining his plan while his secretary___________ the notes. [单选题] *A. is takingB. was taking(正确答案)C. has takenD. takes30. There is someone who _________to see you. [单选题] *A. wantB. wants(正确答案)C. wantedD. will want31. I’ve something ________ you. [单选题] *A. tellB. toldC. to tell(正确答案)D. telling32. When I was young, my father used to ____me some interesting stories. [单选题] *A. sayingB. tell(正确答案)C. tellingD. speak33. Mrs Zhang told me that a rabbit’s large ears enable it ____ the slightest sound. [单选题] *A. hearB. hearingC. heardD. to hear(正确答案)34. Tom has worked for the whole day there. I think he is too tired to go on ____. [单选题] *A. workB. working(正确答案)C. workedD. to work35. Don’t be worried about me, Mom. As soon as I ____ in America, I will call you. [单选题] *A. arrive(正确答案)B. arrivesC. arrivedD. is arriving36. --- Can you tell me if Sandy ____ to have dinner with us?--- I think she will come if she ____ free tonight. [单选题] *A. come; will beB. come; isC. will come; is(正确答案)D. comes; is37. _______ you just have a look at the programme "I'm the chef today" on ICS, you______ able to change the channel. [单选题] *A. If; shouldn't beB. After; must beC. When; would beD. If; won't be(正确答案)38. The cat___________ to the people who live upstairs. [单选题] *A. belongB. belongs(正确答案)C. is belongingD. was belonging39. The game "Travel in space" sounds _______ and we are all _______ in it. [单选题] *A. interested; interestingB. interested; interestedC. interesting; interested(正确答案)D. Interesting; interesting40. We can protect our country by _________ the air, the water and the land. [单选题] *A. not polluting(正确答案)B. not polluteC. not to polluteD. to not pollute41. Wait a moment! He __________ a meeting in the meeting room. [单选题] *A. will haveB. hasC. is having(正确答案)D. had42. If the trees keep on _______ , it can be _________to block the sun out and cool the air. [单选题] *A. growing; tall and large enough(正确答案)B. grow; enough tall and largeC. living; tall and large enoughD. live; enough tall and large43. The government warned some factories _____ the water again, or they will be punished. [单选题] *A. polluteB. to polluteC. not polluteD. not to pollute(正确答案)44. George jumped out of bed quickly this morning when the alarm clock suddenly ____. [单选题] *A. went off(正确答案)B. went toC. went outD. went on45. ____! There are so many cars on the street. Don’t cross the street now. [单选题] *A. Look out(正确答案)B. Look afterC. Look upD. Look at45. I won’t go to Tom's birthday party tomorrow evening unless_______. [单选题] *A. invitingB. being invitedC. invited(正确答案)D. having invited47. He pretended _______with Mary when I saw him. [单选题] *A. I was talkingB. talkingC. to talkD. to be talking(正确答案)48. The captain, as well as his passengers ___________ alive when they were rescued from the sinking ship. [单选题] *A. was(正确答案)B. wereC. isD. are49. Bill got lots of help from others though he ____ the biggest trouble in life last year. [单选题] *A. met with(正确答案)B. meeted withC. had met withD. was meeting50. _______the early train, Tom got up very early this morning and rushed in a taxi to the railway station. [单选题] *A. CatchingB. CaughtC. To catch(正确答案)D. Catch。
八年级物理原理英语练习题20题
八年级物理原理英语阅读理解20题1<背景文章>Buoyancy is an important physical concept. It refers to the upward force exerted by a fluid on an object immersed in it. The principle of buoyancy can be explained by Archimedes' principle. According to this principle, the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.For example, when a ship is floating on the sea, it is because the buoyant force acting on the ship is equal to the weight of the ship. If the weight of the ship increases, more water will be displaced to maintain the balance of forces.The factors that affect buoyancy include the density of the fluid and the volume of the object immersed in the fluid. The greater the density of the fluid, the greater the buoyant force. Similarly, the larger the volume of the object, the greater the buoyant force.1. The principle of buoyancy is explained by ___.A. Newton's lawB. Archimedes' principleC. Ohm's lawD. Coulomb's law答案：B。
英文版物理题
英文版物理题以下就是小编给大家盘点的英文版物理题，仅供大家参考。
以下是一些英文版物理题：1.A50kg block is resting on a frictionless horizontal surface.A force of100N is applied to the block in the horizontal direction.What is the acceleration of the block?2.An object is thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity of20m/s.忽略空气阻力，计算该物体达到最高点所需的时间和高度。
3.A ball is thrown horizontally with a velocity of10m/s from a height of5m.Calculate the horizontal distance the ball travels before hitting the ground.4.A10kg mass is attached to a spring with a spring constant of50N/m.The mass is displaced 0.2m from its equilibrium position and released. Calculate the maximum speed of the mass as it oscillates back and forth.5.A current of5A flows through a resistor witha resistance of10Ω.Calculate the potential difference across the resistor.These are just a few examples of英文版物理题.The specific questions and topics will depend on the level of physics and the course curriculum.。
大学物理英语教材题库
大学物理英语教材题库Introduction:Physics is a fundamental subject that plays a crucial role in understanding the laws and principles that govern the natural world. For university students studying physics, it is important to have access to a comprehensive and reliable textbook that not only covers the core concepts but also offers a variety of practice questions. In this article, we will explore the importance of a physics textbook in English, specifically designed for university students.Section 1: Benefits of a Physics Textbook in English1.1 Enhanced Language Skills:Studying physics in English can improve language proficiency, particularly in scientific terminology and usage. A physics textbook in English enables students to develop their reading and comprehension skills, as well as expand their vocabulary within the context of physics.1.2 Global Perspective:English is the international language of science, and having a physics textbook in English allows students to access a wider range of resources and research materials. It provides exposure to scientific advancements and discoveries from around the world, fostering a global perspective in the field of physics.1.3 Preparation for Academic and Professional Success:With English being the dominant language in academic and professional settings, a physics textbook in English equips students with the necessary language skills for higher education and future scientific careers. It prepares students for international collaborations, conferences, and research work.Section 2: Features of an Effective Physics Textbook2.1 Comprehensive Coverage:An ideal physics textbook should cover all the essential topics and concepts in a systematic and thorough manner. It should include detailed explanations, diagrams, and examples to facilitate understanding. Additionally, it should provide practice questions to reinforce learning.2.2 Relevance to University Curriculum:The content of a physics textbook should align with the university curriculum to ensure that students are studying relevant and up-to-date material. It should follow a logical progression, building upon previously learned topics and preparing students for advanced physics courses.2.3 Engaging and Interactive Elements:To sustain student interest, a physics textbook should incorporate interactive elements such as online simulations, videos, or supplementary materials. These features enhance the learning experience and provide opportunities for hands-on exploration of physics concepts.2.4 Diversity of Question Types:A good physics textbook should contain a diverse range of question types, including multiple-choice, numerical, conceptual, and problem-solving questions. This variety allows students to develop a comprehensive understanding of physics principles and practice different problem-solving techniques.Section 3: Importance of a Physics Question Bank3.1 Assessment Preparation:A physics question bank serves as a valuable resource for exam preparation. It provides students with a wide range of practice questions that cover different topics and difficulty levels. Students can assess their understanding and identify areas for improvement through regular practice.3.2 Reinforcement of Concepts:Practice questions in a physics question bank reinforce the understanding of key concepts and principles. By attempting various types of questions, students can solidify their knowledge and develop problem-solving skills, ultimately leading to better performance in exams.3.3 Self-paced Learning:A physics question bank allows students to learn at their own pace. They can choose specific topics or question types to focus on, enabling personalized learning and targeted improvement in areas of weakness. This flexibility promotes independent learning and self-motivation.Conclusion:In conclusion, a physics textbook in English designed for university students plays a vital role in enhancing language skills, providing a global perspective, and preparing students for academic and professional success.An effective physics textbook should have comprehensive coverage, relevance to the curriculum, engaging elements, and a diverse range of question types. Additionally, a physics question bank is essential for assessment preparation, concept reinforcement, and self-paced learning. By utilizing these resources, students can excel in their study of physics and develop a strong foundation for future endeavors in the field.。
专业英语复习试题及答案9-14单元
专业英语9-14单元复习试题及答案一、Translate the following words into English.1. 频谱2. 激光束3. 热核的4. 数字模拟转换器5. 数据库6. 地球外的7. 阻碍8. 兼容性9. 征兆10. 分开11. 数字信号处理器12. 一致13. 基带14. 单色光的15. 卵石二、Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese.1. functional accelerator2. acquisition time3. low pass4. hold time5. anti-aliasing filter6. quantization level7. sampling interval8. full scale range9. dynamic range10. signal-to-noise ratio 11. bus interfaces 12. wireless infrastructure 13. field-programmable14. spectral inversion 15. price/performance ratio 16. under sampling 17. zero order hold18. glue logic 19. power dissipation 20. sample and hold circuit三、Fill in the blanks with suitable words from the list given below.The first essential step in analog-to-digital (A/D) is to sample an analog signal. This step is performed by a sample and hold circuit, which samples at regular intervals called . The length of the sampling interval is the same as the sampling period , and the reciprocal of the is the sampling frequency f s. According to the Nyquist theorem, a signal with a maximum frequency of W Hz (called a band-limited signal) must be at least 2W samples per second to ensure accurate recording. When this minimum is not respected, called aliasing occurs.R ①sampling intervals ②distortion ③conversion ④sampling period ⑤sampled四、Comprehension. choose the best answer according to this passage.Previously in this chapter, we’ve discussed how data elements (characters, fields, and records) c an be organized in files. In file-oriented systems, each file is independent and contains all the information necessary to process the records in that file. In a database, the data is organized in multiple related files. Because these files are related, us er can access data in multiple files at one time. A database management system (DBMS) is the software that allows the user to create, maintain, and report the data and file relationships. By contrast, a file management system is software that allows the user to create, maintain, and access one file at a time.There are problems with traditional data management. Many result from viewing applications independently. For example, consider payroll. Most organizations prepare their payrolls by computer because using a machine instead of a small army of clerks saves money. Thus, the firm develops a payroll program to process a payroll file. Inventory, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and general ledger analysis are similar applications, so the firm develops program, and inventory file, an accounts receivable program, an accounts receivable file, and so on. Each program is independent, and each processes its own independent data file.The solution to these problems is often organizing the data as a single, integrated database.How does the use of a centralized database solve the data redundancy problem? All data are collected and stored in a single place; consequently, there is one and only one copy of any given data element. When the value of an element (an address, for example) changes, the single database copy is corrected. Any program requiring access to this data element gets the same value, because there is only one value.1.In file-oriented systems, each file is independent and contains all the information necessary to processthe in that file.A. elementsB. recordsC. dataD. software2. A database management system (DBMS) is the software that allows the user to create, maintain, and reportthe and file relationships.A. softwareB. elementsC. dataD. records3. The firm develops an inventory program to process .A. data fileB. an accounts receivable fileC. a payroll fileD. an inventory file4.The solution to these problems is .A. changing the programB. using a machine instead of a small army of clerksC. often organizing the data as a single, integrated database.D. having such items in one instead of many locations5. Any program requiring access to this data element gets the same , because there is only onevalue.A. programB. valueC. dataD. copy五、T ell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F) according to the passageHow should you think of the laser? Think of it simply as a tool. One that uses light instead of mechanical energy. And a tool that allows its user to control the form and amount of energy directed at a particular place. The laser can cut through a two-inch-thick sheet of steel or detect a single atom. It can perform a task as dramatic as igniting a thermonuclear fusion reaction or as seemingly mundane as drilling a hole in a baby-bottle nipple.A laser is a device that produces a very special kind of light. Y ou can think of it as a super flashlight. But the beam that comes out of a laser differs from the light that comes out of a flashlight in four basic ways: Laser light is intense. Y et only a few lasers are powerful. That’s not the contradiction you might think.. Intensity is a measure of power per unit area, and even a laser that emits only a few milli-watts can produce a lot of intensity in a beam that’s only a millimeter in diameter.Laser beams are narrow and will not spread out like ordinary light beams. This quality is called directionality.Laser light is coherent. This means that all the light waves coming out of a laser are lined up with each other.Lasers produce light of only one color. Or, to say it in a more technical way, the light is monochromatic. Ordinary light combines all the colors of visible light (i.e., the spectrum). Mixed together, they come out white. Laser beams have been produced in every color of the rainbow (red is the most common laser color), as well as in many kinds of invisible light, but each laser can emit one color and one color only.1. The laser can cut through a two-inch-thick sheet of steel or detect a single atom.（）2. The flashlight can perform a task as seemingly mundane as drilling a hole in a baby-bottle nipple.（）3. All the light waves coming out of a flashlight are lined up with each other.（）4. Laser beams are narrow and will not spread out like ordinary light beams.（）5. Ordinary light combines all the colors of visible light . （）六、T ranslate the following sentences into Chinese.1.The low pass filter, called the anti-aliasing filter, removes all frequencies above half the selected sampling rate.2. The A/D converter chooses a quantization level for each analog sample. An N-bit converter chooses among 2N possible quantization levels. The larger the number of levels, the smaller the quantization errors, calculated as the difference between the quantized level and the true sample level.3. Once digital signal processing is complete, digital-to-analog (D/A) conversion must occur. This process begins by converting each digital code into an analog voltage that is proportional in size to the number represented by the code.4. For example, signals whose frequencies are restricted to a narrow band of high frequencies can be sampled ata rate similar to twice the width of the band instead of twice the maximum frequency.5. The images of each frequency f present in a sampled signal appear, through sampling, at the infinite number of frequencies kf s±f Hz.6. After a brief acquisition time, during which a sample is acquired, the sample and hold circuit holds the sample steady for the remainder of the sampling interval. This hold time is needed to allow time for an A/D converter to generate a digital code that best corresponds to the analog sample.答案一、1. spectrum 2. laser beam 3. thermonuclear4.digital-to-analog (D/A) conversion5. database6. extraterrestrialImpediment 8. compatibility 9. Premonition 10. asunder11、digital signal processor 12、Consistency 13. baseband14. Monochromatic 15. Pebble二、1. 性能加速器 2. 采集时间 3. 低通 4. 保持时间 5. 抗混叠滤波器6.量化电平7. 采样间隔8. 满量程范围9. 动态范围10.信噪比二、总线接口12. 无线基础设施13. 现场可编程的14.频谱反转15.性能价格比16. 欠采样17. 零阶保持18. 互联逻辑19. 功率耗散20. 采样保持电路三、 1. ③ 2. ① 3. ④ 4. ⑤ 5. ②四、1. B 2. C 3. D. 4. C 5. B五、1. T 2. F 3. F. 4. T 5. T六、1、（课本P112倒数第二段倒数第二行）2、（课本P113第二段）3、（课本P113倒数第二段）4、（课本P113倒数第一段第五行）5、（课本P113倒数第一段）6、（课本P112倒数第一段）。
物理学专业英语期末重点
1、vectors矢量：velocity（速度v）acceleration（加速度a）force（力f）displacement（位移）,Vectors(向量)2、scalars标量：speed（速率）weight（重量）mass（质量）volume（体积）energy（能量）work（功）3、The unit of SI(国际标准单位)：metre米,kilogram千克KG,second秒S,newton牛顿N,watt瓦特W,ampere安培A,joule焦耳J4、连线：length长度----metre(M米)，mass质量----kilogram(KG千克)，time时间----second(S秒)，current电流----ampere(A安培)，temperature温度----kelvin(K开尔文)，amount物质的量----mole(MOL摩尔)，charge电荷----coulomb(C库伦)，force力----neton(N牛顿)，energy能量----joule（J焦耳），resistance电阻----ohm（Ω欧姆）5、(√×)Average velocity is not necessarily the same as average speed.平均速度不等于平均速率。
6、概念Displacement位移is distance moved in a particular direction. metre (m).7、用点，他们的组合效果被称为合力。
8、The turning effect of a force is called a moment（力矩）9、On earth, everything feels the downward force of gravity。
This gravitational force is called weight.（重力）10、Near the Ether’s surface, the gravitational force on each kg is about 10 N:the gravitational field strength重力场强度is 10 N kg-1. This is represented by the symbol g.（g的概念）11、Work功is done whenever a force makes something move.12、Things have energy能if they can do work。
英语物理试题及答案
英语物理试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is the unit of force in the International System of Units (SI)?A. NewtonB. JouleC. WattD. Coulomb2. What is the speed of light in a vacuum?A. 299,792 kilometers per secondB. 299,792 meters per secondC. 299,792 miles per hourD. 299,792 feet per second3. The formula for calculating work done in physics is:A. Work = Force × DistanceB. Work = Force × TimeC. Work = Mass × AccelerationD. Work = Force × Velocity4. Which of the following is not a fundamental force in nature?A. Gravitational forceB. Electromagnetic forceC. Nuclear forceD. Frictional force5. The principle of conservation of energy states that:A. Energy can be created or destroyed.B. Energy can neither be created nor destroyed.C. Energy can only be transformed from one form to another.D. Energy can be transformed and destroyed.6. What is the formula for calculating the kinetic energy ofan object?A. KE = 1/2 mv^2B. KE = 1/2 mvC. KE = mv^2D. KE = mv7. The law of reflection states that:A. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.B. The angle of incidence is greater than the angle of reflection.C. The angle of incidence is less than the angle ofreflection.D. The angle of reflection is always 90 degrees.8. What is the primary difference between a conductor and an insulator?A. Conductors have a higher resistance than insulators.B. Conductors allow the flow of electric current, while insulators do not.C. Insulators have a higher resistance than conductors.D. Conductors are made of metals, while insulators are not.9. The formula for calculating the electric power is:A. Power = Voltage × CurrentB. Power = Voltage / CurrentC. Power = Current^2 / VoltageD. Power = Voltage^2 / Current10. The relationship between wavelength, frequency, and speed of light is given by the equation:A. Speed = Wavelength × FrequencyB. Speed = Wavelength / FrequencyC. Speed = 1 / (Wavelength × Frequency)D. Speed = Frequency / Wavelength二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The SI unit for electric current is the ________.2. The process of an object moving from a higher potential energy to a lower potential energy is called ________.3. The formula for calculating the gravitational force between two objects is ________.4. The SI unit for electric charge is the ________.5. The formula for calculating the electric field strength is ________.6. The principle that states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction is known as ________.7. The formula for calculating the magnetic force on a current-carrying wire is ________.8. The SI unit for temperature is the ________.9. The process of converting electrical energy into other forms of energy is called ________.10. The formula for calculating the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is ________.三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Explain the difference between a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave.2. Describe the process of photosynthesis in plants.3. Discuss the concept of the Doppler effect and its applications.四、计算题（每题15分，共30分）1. A 5 kg object is moving at a velocity of 10 m/s. Calculate its kinetic energy.2. A 10 m long wire carries a current of 5 A. If the wire is placed in a magnetic field with a strength of 0.2 T,calculate the magnetic force acting on the wire.五、实验题（每题20分，共20分）1. Design an experiment to demonstrate the principle of the conservation of momentum. Include the materials needed, the procedure, and the expected results.答案：一、选择题1. A2. B3. A4. D5. B6. A7. A8. B9. A10. A二、填空题1. Ampere2. Energy conversion3. F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^2 (where F is the gravitational force, G is the gravitational constant, m1 and m2 are the masses of the objects, and r is the distance between their centers)4. Coulomb5. E = F / q (where E is the。
大学物理科技英语复习
1．In the absence of force ,a body will either remain at rest,or continue to move with constant speed in a straight line.在不受力的情况下，物体将保持静止状态或匀速直线运动状态。
2．Modern scientific discoveries lead to the conclusion that energy may be created from matter and that matter in turn may be created from energy. 近代科学的发现得出这样的结论：物质可以产生能量，能量又可以产生物质。
3．Because energy can be changed from one from into another,electricity can be changed into heat energy,mechanical energy,light energy,etc. 因为能量可以从一种能量转化为另一种能量，电能可以转化为热能，磁场能，光能等。
4.To launch a space vehicle into orbit , a very big push is needed because the friction of air and the force of gravity are working against it要把宇宙飞行器送入轨道，需要施加很大推力，因为空气的摩擦力和地球引力对它起阻碍作用。
5.Einstein , who worked out the famous theory of relativity , won the nobel prize in 1921由于爱因斯坦提出了著名的“相对论”，因此，他于1921年获得了诺贝尔奖金6.The ferromagnetic materials can become paramagnetic, with the temperature being above the Curie temperature.温度高于居里温度时，铁磁质会变成顺磁质。
物理专业科技英语课后练习题含答案
物理专业科技英语课后练习题含答案第一部分：力学1. 题目A 2.5 kg mass attached to a spring with a spring constant of 250 N/m is subject to a harmonic motion. If the maximum displacement is 0.1 meters, calculate:a)The maximum force exerted by the spring.b)The maximum velocity of the mass.c)The maximum acceleration of the mass.2. 答案a)The maximum force exerted by the spring can be calculated as:Fmax = k * xmax = 250 N/m * 0.1 m = 25 NSo, the maximum force exerted by the spring is 25 N.b)The maximum velocity of the mass can be calculated as:vmax = √(k/m) * xmax = √(250 N/m / 2.5 kg) * 0.1 m = 1 m/sSo, the maximum velocity of the mass is 1 m/s.c)The maximum acceleration of the mass can be calculated as:amax = √k/m * xmax = √(250 N/m / 2.5 kg) * 0.1 m = 1 m/s^2So, the maximum acceleration of the mass is 1 m/s^2.第二部分：热力学1. 题目A gas at a pressure of 2 atm and a volume of 3 L is compressed to a volume of 1 L while its pressure increases to 4 atm. Calculate the work done on the gas during this process.2. 答案The work done on the gas during this process can be calculated as: W = -PΔV = -(4 atm - 2 atm) * (1 L - 3 L) = 4 atm * 2 L = 8 JSo, the work done on the gas during this process is 8 J.第三部分：电学1. 题目A capacitor with a capacitance of 50 nF is charged to a potential difference of 100 V. If the capacitor is then discharged through a resistor with a resistance of 5 kΩ, calculate:a)The time constant of the circuit.b)The time required for the voltage on the capacitor to dropto 50 V.c)The current through the resistor when the voltage on thecapacitor is 50 V.2. 答案a)The time constant of the circuit can be calculated as:τ = RC = 5 kΩ * 50 nF = 0.25 msSo, the time constant of the circuit is 0.25 ms.b)The time required for the voltage on the capacitor to dropto 50 V can be calculated using the equation:V = V0 * e^(-t/τ)where V0 is the initial voltage on the capacitor, e is the mathematical constant approximately equal to 2.71828, and t is the time elapsed. Solving for t, we get:t = -τ * ln(V/V0) = -0.25 ms * ln(50 V/100 V) ≈ 0.173 msSo, the time required for the voltage on the capacitor to drop to 50 V is approximately 0.173 ms.c)The current through the resistor when the voltage on thecapacitor is 50 V can be calculated using Ohm’s law:I = V/R = 50 V / 5 kΩ = 0.01 ASo, the current through the resistor when the voltage on the capacitor is 50 V is 0.01 A.。
英语物理复习题
英语物理复习题英语物理复习题在学习英语的过程中，我们经常会遇到各种各样的复习题。
今天，我们将结合物理知识，来解答一些英语物理复习题。
通过这些题目的讨论，我们不仅可以巩固英语知识，还可以加深对物理概念的理解。
1. A car travels at a constant speed of 60 kilometers per hour for 2 hours. How far does it travel?To solve this problem, we need to remember the formula: distance = speed × time. In this case, the speed is 60 kilometers per hour, and the time is 2 hours. Therefore, the distance traveled by the car is 60 × 2 = 120 kilometers.2. An object is dropped from a height of 20 meters. How long does it take for the object to hit the ground?To solve this problem, we can use the formula: time = √(2 × height / g), where g is the acceleration due to gravity (approximately 9.8 meters per second squared). Substituting the given values into the formula, we get: tim e = √(2 × 20 / 9.8) ≈ √(40 / 9.8) ≈ √4.08 ≈ 2.02 seconds.3. A ball is thrown vertically upwards with an initial speed of 20 meters per second. How high does it go before it starts to fall back down?To solve this problem, we can use the formula: height = (initial velocity)^2 / (2 × g), where g is the acceleration due to gravity. Substituting the given values into the formula, we get: height = (20)^2 / (2 × 9.8) ≈ 400 / 19.6 ≈ 20.41 meters. 4. A block of wood with a mass of 2 kilograms is pushed with a force of 10newtons. What is the acceleration of the block?To solve this problem, we can use Newton's second law of motion: force = mass × acceleration. Rearranging the formula, we get: acceleration = force / mass. Substituting the given values into the formula, we get: acceleration = 10 / 2 = 5 meters per second squared.5. A car accelerates from rest to a speed of 30 meters per second in 5 seconds. What is the car's acceleration?To solve this problem, we can use the formula: acceleration = (final velocity - initial velocity) / time. Substituting the given values into the formula, we get: acceleration = (30 - 0) / 5 = 6 meters per second squared.通过以上的物理复习题，我们可以看到物理知识在英语学习中的重要性。
大学物理试题-国外英文
大学物理试题(国外英文资料)College physics examination questionsFirst, the multiple-choice questions: (39 points)1. (3 points)The acceleration of a particle moving at a radius of R is the magnitude of the acceleration (V means the velocity of a particle at any time)(A) (B)(C) (D) [[]]2. (3 points)An object of mass m falls from the air and is affected by gravity as well as a resistance proportional to the square of velocity. The coefficient of proportionality is k, and K is the normal number. The closing velocity of the falling object (i.e., the speed at which the final object moves at uniform speed) will be(A) (B)(C) GK (D) [[]]3. (3 points)A spring oscillator of M quality is placed horizontally at rest in equilibrium. As shown, a bullet with a mass of M is injected into the oscillator at a horizontal velocity and then moved along with it. If the level is smooth, then the maximum potential energy of the spring is(A) (B)(C) (D) [[]]4. (3 points)A child of the quality of M stands on the edge of a horizontal platform with a radius of R. The platform can rotate freely through a vertical, smooth, fixed axis through its center. The moment of inertia is J. Both the platform and the child are stationary at the start. When the child suddenly moves counter clockwise toward the edge of the platform at a rate of V relative to the ground, the angular velocity and the rotation direction of the platform relative to the ground are(A) clockwise.(B) counter clockwise.(C) clockwise.(D) counter clockwise. [...]5. (3 points)Two different ideal gases, if their most probable rates are equal, their(A) equal to the average rate, root mean square speed equal.(B) equal to the average rate, root mean square speed is not equal.(C) the average rate is not equal, the root mean square speed equal.(D) the average rate is not equal, not equal to the root mean square speed. [...]6. (3 points)According to the second law of thermodynamics:(A) work can be converted to heat, but heat can not be converted to power.(B) heat can be transferred from a hot object to a cryogenic substance, but not from a cryogenic object to a high temperature object.(C) irreversible processes are processes that cannot proceed in the opposite direction.(D) all spontaneous processes are irreversible. [...]7. (3 points)There are several explanations for the interpretation of Gauss's theorem:(A) if the Gauss surface is zero everywhere, there is no charge in the plane.(B) if the Gauss surface has no charge, then the Gauss surface is zero everywhere.(C) if there is no zero on the Gauss surface, there must be charges in the Gauss plane.(D) if there is a net charge in the Gauss plane, the electric flux through the Gauss surface must not be zero.(E) Gauss's theorem applies only to electric fields with high symmetry. [...]8. (3 points)The radius of the cross section of a long straight wire is a, and a thin cylinder with a radius of B is coaxially arranged outside the conductor, and the two of them are insulated from each other. And the outer cylinder is grounded as shown. The electric charge per unit length of the wire is +, and the potential of the earth is zero. Then the field strength and the electric potential of the P point (Op=r) between the twoconductors are respectively:(A)(B)(C)(D) [[]]9. (3 points)The square coils with side lengths are respectively represented by two modes of current I (wherein the AB and CD are coplanar with the square), and in these two cases, the magnetic induction intensity of the coil at the center of the coil is respectively(A)(B)(C)(D) [[]]10. (3 points)The picture shows four charged particles in the same direction perpendicular to the magnetic field line, and the deflection trajectory of the magnetic field is injected into the uniformmagnetic field. The direction of the magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of the O,The trajectory of the four particles is equal in mass and the magnitude of the electric energy is equal. In that case, the trajectory of the negatively charged particles with the largest kinetic energy is(A) Oa (B) Ob(C) Oc (D) Od [...]11. (3 points)A mass of simple harmonic vibration on the X axis, the amplitude of A = 4cm, T = 2S cycle, its equilibrium position is taken as the origin of coordinates, if t=0 the first moment of the particle by x= 2cm, and to the negative direction of X axis motion is second 2cm particle by x= at the moment(A) 1s (B) (2/3) s(C) (4/3) s (D) 2S [[]]12. (3 points)Using wedge interference method can detect surface defects, when the wavelength of monochromatic parallel light vertical incident, if the interference fringes observed as shown in the figure, each part of the fringe vertex exactly with left fringeof the straight part of the tangent line, then the surface of the workpiece and bending at the corresponding part of the fringe(A) raised, and the height is (B) raised, and the height is...(C) depressions, and the depth is (D) depressions, and the depth is []13. (3 points)A beam of light is a mixture of natural light and polarized light, let it through a vertical polarizer, if this incident beam axis rotating polarizer, the measured transmission light intensity maximum is 5 times the minimum value, then the incident beam in natural light and polarized light intensity ratio is(A) 1 / 2 (B) 1 / 5(C) 1 / 3 (D) 2 / 3Two, fill in the blanks: (46 points)1. (3 points)Let the particles move along the X axis. When the initial condition is t=0, the initial velocity is v0=0, and the coordinate x0=10 is a=4t. Then the equation of motion is.2. (3 points)Under the action of constant force F, an object moves in a straight line. The equation of motion is x=A-Bt+ct2 (A, B, C is constant), and the mass of the object should be m=.3. (3 points)At a constant speed, the quality of M ship, respectively, forward and backward at the same time the level of two throws of equal mass (m) objects thrown two objects relative to the ship the same rate (U) expression of the ship and try to write in the process of the system of the law of conservation of momentum (don't have Jane, for reference).4. (5 points)As shown in the figure, a homogeneous consolidation in a thin rod end ball, and can rotate around a horizontal smooth fixed shaft O to rotate, there is a bullet along with the horizontal angle direction and embedded in the ball hit, then hit in the process of conservation, cricket, bullets, rod system, the reason is. The process of cricket bat and ball increased after being hit in the conservation on cricket, bullets, rod, earth system.5. (3 points)At room temperature, the pressure of the ideal gas of 1 moldiatomic molecules is P, and the volume is V, and the average kinetic energy of the gas molecule is.6. (3 points)If the pressure and volume of an ideal gas remain constant, but the mass and temperature change, then can the internal energy change?.7. (3 points)The thermodynamic temperature of a high temperature heat source is n times of the thermodynamic temperature of a low temperature heat source. In a Kano cycle, the heat delivered by a gas to a cryogenic heat source is twice as much as that obtained from a high temperature heat source.8. (3 points)A simple harmonic wave propagates along the positive direction of the X axis. The relation curves between the vibration velocity and time at two points of X1 and X2 are shown as follows (a) and (b), and the distance between X1 and X2 is known as (lambda lambda).9. (3 points)White light (4000-7000) vertical incidence of 4000 slits per centimeter of grating, can produce the level of the complete visible spectrum.10. (3 points)A charged metal ball, when it is surrounded by a vacuum, stores the electrostatic energy of Wo and keeps its energy constant,It is immersed in an infinite isotropic homogeneous dielectric with relative dielectric constant, when its electrostatic energy is We =.11. (6 points)The three basic assumptions of Bohr's theory of hydrogen atoms are:(1),(2),(3).12. (5 points)An electron at a rate of motion of 0.99c (electron rest mass of 9.11 * 1031kg), then the total electron energy is J, the kinetic energy of classical mechanics and relativistic electron kinetic energy ratio.13. (3 points)Static mass is me the potential for electronic, electrostaticfield accelerated U12, without considering the effect of relativity, the De Broglie wavelength lambda = E.Three. Calculation questions: (65 points)1. (10 points)The equation of motion of a known particle is (as a constant),Find (1) the trajectory equation and velocity of the particle(2) the velocity of a particle and the rotation direction ofa particle(3) the relation between the acceleration of a particle and the vector?2. (10 points)M was a short tube, with a length of hard straight rod suspension as shown in figure L, quality can be ignored, with ether droplets Sheng tube, pipe with mass m cork closed, when the heating tube cork in the ether vapor pressure to fly out, hanging around the tube O in the vertical plane for a complete circular motion, then the minimum speed of the cork flew out for? If you change a hard straight pole into a string, what if?3. (10 points)Having two concentric spherical shells with a radius of insulation for each other, and when the + Q is given to the inner ball:(1) the charge distribution and electric potential of the outer sphere;(2) re insulating the ball after grounding, the charge distribution and the electric potential of the outer sphere(3) then, the inner sphere is grounded, the charge distribution of the inner sphere and the potential of the outer sphere4. (10 points)As shown in the figure, the plane charged ring two coplanar, the inner and outer radius are respectively R1, R2 and R2, R3, the outside of the ring to a second N2 RPM clockwise, inside the ring to a second N1 rpm counterclockwise. If the charge surface density is the ratio of the N1 to the N2, the magnetic induction intensity at the center of the circle is zero.5. (10 points)As shown in the figure, the current long straight conductor for I, a B C D rectangular frame with a long straight conductorcoplanar, and the a D A D C / B a B edge D side is fixed, a and C B to speed without friction uniform translational t=0, a, B and C D side edge coincidence, set line inductance negligible.(1) for example, i=I0, seek the electromotive force in a B, a, B, two points, which point has high potential?(2) the total induced electromotive force in the wire frame when the a b t is moved to the position shown by i=I0cos omega.6. (10 points)A plane harmonic wave propagates along the negative direction of the Ox axis, the wavelength is lambda, and the vibration law of the particle at P is shown in figure.(1) seeking the vibration equation of particle at P;(2) find the wave equation of this wave;(3) in the figure, the vibration equation of the particle at the coordinate origin O is calculated.7. (5 points)In the experiment of single slit Fraunhofer diffraction for white, second bright fringe center is measured at the wavelength of third level bright fringe center and thewavelength for the red wavelength for overlap.Second pageThree hundred and thirty-oneSouth China University of TechnologyIn 2004, I studied the master's degree entrance examination papers(the answer to the test paper is invalid. Please answer it on the answer sheet. After the test, this volume must be returned with the answer sheet.)Subject name: General PhysicsApplicable profession: Philosophy of science and technology Common pageFirst page。
物理专业英语词汇(I)题库
物理专业英语词汇(I)ice 冰ice calorimeter 冰量热计ice model 冰模型iconoscope 光电摄象管icosahedron 二十面体ideal black body 理想黑体ideal constraints 理想拘束ideal crystal 理想晶体ideal fluid 完整铃ideal gas 理想气体ideal gas law 理想气体定律ideal lattice 理想晶格ideal liquid 理想液体ideal solid 理想固体ideal solution 理想溶液ideally imperfect crystal 理想非完满晶体ideally perfect crystal 理想完满晶体identity parameter 晶体参数ignition 点火ignition potential 点火电位ignitron 点火管illuminance 光照度illuminant 光源illuminating engineering 照盲程学illuminating lamp照闷illumination 光照度illumination curve 照度曲线illumination photometer 照度计illumination photometry 照度丈量illuminator 照冒置illuminometer 照度计image 象image analyzer 图象剖析器image charge 象电荷image contrast 象对照度image converter 变象管image converter tube 变象管image distortion 图象失真image force 象力image formation 成象image frequency 象频image hologram 象全息图image iconoscope 图象光电摄象管image intensifier 影象加强器影象放大器image intensifier tube 影象加强器影象放大器image orthicon 超正析象管image parameter 成象参数image pickup tube 摄象管image plane 象平面image point 象点image processing 图象办理image ratio 镜频波道的相对增益image restoration 象恢复image space 象空间image surface 象曲面imagelyzer 图象剖析器immersion 淹没immersion lens 淹没透镜immersion method 淹无法immersion microscope 油浸显微镜immersion objective 淹没物镜immersion refractometer 淹没折射计impact 冲击impact ionization 碰撞电离impact matrix 碰撞矩阵impact parameter 碰撞参数impact parameter method 碰撞参数法impact strength 冲豢度impact stress 冲沪力impact test 冲辉验impedance 阻抗impedance bridge 阻抗电桥impedance matching 阻抗般配imperfect crystal 非完满晶体imperfect gas 非理想气体impressed forces 外力imprisonment of resonance radiation 共振辐射陷获improper variable 准变星impulse 冲击冲量impulse approximation 冲稽似impulse function 脉冲函数impulse generator 脉冲发生器impulse of force 冲量impulsive current 脉冲电流impulsive force 冲力impulsive sound 冲基impulsive tone 撞霍impurity 杂质impurity atom 杂质原子impurity band 杂质能带impurity center 杂质中心impurity conduction 杂质导电impurity level 杂质能级impurity scattering 杂质散射impurity semiconductor 杂质半导体in clockwise direction 向顺时针的方向in counter colckwise direction 向反时针的方向in situ observation 就地察看incandescence 白炽incandescent lamp 白炽灯inch 英寸incidence 入射incidence angle 入射角incident beam 入射束incident light 入射光incident particle 入射粒子incident plane 入射面incident ray 入射光芒incident wave 入射波inclination factor 倾斜因子inclinometer 磁倾计incoherence 非相关性incoherent light 非相关光incoherent scatteering 非相关散射incommensurate structure 不相应构造incompressibility 不行压缩性incompressible flow 不行压缩流indefinite metric 不定胸怀independent atom model 独立原子模型independent particle 独立粒子independent particle model 独立粒子模型independent variable 自变数indeterminancy 不确立性indeterminancy principle 测禁止原理index 指数index of refraction 折射率indicating lamp 指示灯indicator 指示器指示剂indifferent equilibrium 中性均衡indirect exchange interaction 间接交换互相酌indirect illumination 间接照明indirect measurement间接丈量indirect transition 间接跃迁indirectly heated cathode 旁热式阴极indistinguishability of identical particles 全同粒子的不行分辨性indium 铟individual error 人为偏差individual excitation 独自激发induced current 感觉电流induced electromotive force 感觉电动势induced emission 感觉发射induced radioactivity 感觉放射性induced representation 引诱表示inductance 电感感觉系数inductance coil 感觉线圈induction 感觉; 概括induction accelerator 感觉加快器induction coefficient 感觉系数induction coil感觉线圈induction field 感觉磁场induction furnace 感觉电炉induction heating 感觉加热induction method 概括法induction motor 感觉电动机inductive 感觉的inductor coil 感觉线圈indus 印第安座inelastic collision 非弹性碰撞inelastic scattering 非弹性散射inert gas 惰性气体inertia 惯性inertial force 惯性力inertial frame of reference 惯性系inertial mass 惯性质量inertial resistance 惯性阻力inertial system 惯性系inertial wave 惯性波inferior conjunction 下合inferior mirage 下现幻景inferior planet 地行家星infinite medium 无穷介质infinite universe 无穷宇宙infinitesimal rotation 无量小转动infinitesimal transformation 无量小变换inflationary universe 狂涨宇宙inflector 偏转器influence machine感觉起电机information processing 信息办理information quantity 信息量information retrieval 信息恢复information theory 信息论infra acoustic 声下的infra acoustic frequency 亚声频infra sound 次声infranics 红外线电子学infrared 红外线的infrared active 红外激活的infrared astronomical satellite 红外天文卫星infrared astronomy 红外天文学infrared catastrophe 红外灾变infrared divergence 红外发散infrared lamp 红外灯infrared laser 红外激光器infrared magnitude 红外星等infrared microscope 红外线显微镜infrared photocell 红外线光电管infrared photography 红外拍照infrared radiation 红外辐射infrared rays 红外线infrared spectrophotometer 红外分光光度计infrared spectroscopy 红外光谱学infrared spectrum 红外光谱inhomogeneous broadening 非平均增宽inhomogeneous plasma 非平均等离子体inhomogeneous superconductor 非均质超导体inhomogeneous universe 非平均宇宙initial black hole 原始黑洞initial permeability 初始磁导率initial phase 初相initial state 初态initial stress 初应力initial velocity 初速度injection 注入injection laser 注入型激光器注入型二极管激光器injector accelerator 注入加快器injury 损害inlet pressure 入口压力inner bremsstrahlung 内韧致辐射inner corona 内冕inner electron 内层电子inner product 内积inner quantum number 内量子数inner shell 内壳层input 输入input output channel 输入输出通道input output unit 输出输入装置input program 输入程序input routine 输入程序insolation 日射inspection 检查instability 不稳固性instability energy 不稳固能instantaneous axis of rotation 刹时转动轴instantaneous neutron 瞬发中子instantaneous pole 刹时极instantaneous power 刹时功率instanton 瞬子instruction 指令instrument 仪器仪表instrument transformer 仪表变换器instrumental error 仪企差instrumental function 仪漂数insulating paper绝缘纸insulating transformer 绝缘变压器insulation 绝缘insulation resistance 绝缘电阻insulator 绝缘体integral calculus 积分学integral equation 积分方程integral invariant 积分不变式integral transform 积分变换integrated circuit 集成电路integrated optics 集成光学integrated reflection intensity 积分反射强度integrating sphere 乌布利希球integrating wattmeter 积累瓦特计integration circuit 积分电路integration type analog to digital conversion 积分型模拟数字变换intense slow positron beam 强慢速阳电子束intensifier 加厚剂intensity 强度intensity alternation 强度交变intensity factors of spectral lines 谱线强度因子intensity modulation 亮度灯intensity of magnetic field 磁场强度intensity of magnetization 磁化强度intensity of radioactivity 放射性强度intensity of sound 声强intensity region 强度范围intensive quantity 内包量intensive variable 示强变量interaction 互相酌interaction energy 互相酌能interaction force 互相酌力interaction potential 互相酌势interaction range 互相酌区interatomic 原子间的interatomic distance 原子间距离interatomic forces 原子间力intercalation 夹层interchange instability 变换不稳固性interchangeability 交换性intercombination 互相组合intercrystalline 晶粒间的interdiffusion 互扩散interface 界限面interfacial electric phenomenon 界面电现象interfacial potential 界面势interfacial tension 界面张力interfacial viscosity 界面粘性interference 干预interference color 扰乱色interference filter 扰乱滤光片interference fringe 干预条纹interference microscope 干预显微镜interference of equal inclination 等倾角干预interference of equal thickness 等厚度干预interference of light 光的干预interference of polarized light 偏振光的干预interference refractometer 干预折射计interference spectroscope 干预分光镜interferometer 干预仪interferometry 干预胸怀学intergalactic matter 星系际物质intergalactic space 星系际空间intermediate coupling 中间耦合intermediate energy 中间能量intermediate energy physics 中能物理学intermediate frequency 中频intermediate frequency transformer 中频变换器intermediate image 中间影象intermediate neutron 中速中子intermediate nucleus 复核intermediate orbit 中间轨道intermediate state 中间态intermediate vector boson 弱玻色子intermetallic compounds 金属间化合物intermittent discharge 间歇放电intermolecular 分子间的intermolecular force 分子间力intermolecular interaction 分子间互相酌internal adsorption 内吸附internal conversion 内变换internal conversion electron 内变换电子internal electron pair creation 内电子对产生internal energy 内能internal exposure 内照耀internal force 内力internal friction 内摩擦internal impedance 内阻抗internal ionization 内电离internal magnetic field 内磁场internal photoelectric effect 内光电效应internal pressure 内压internal quantum number 内量子数internal reflection 内反射internal resistance 内阻internal rotation 内旋转internal storage 内部储存器internal stress 内应力internal target 内靶internal viscosity 内粘滞international atomic time 国际原子时international geophysical year 国际地球物理年international latitude service 国际纬度服务international practical temperature scale 国际适用温标international prototype metre 国际米原器international standard atomsphere 国际标准大气international system of units 国际单位制international temperature scale 国际温标international thermonuclear experimental reactor 国际热核实验反响堆international unit 国际单位interpenetration 互相穿透interplanar crystal spacing 晶面间距interplanetary dust 行星际灰尘interplanetary magnetic field 行星际磁场interplanetary matter 行星际物质interplanetary space 行星际空间interpolation formula 内插公式interrupt 中止interrupter 断续器interspace 缝隙interstellar absorption 星际汲取interstellar absorption line 星际线interstellar cloud 星际云interstellar dust 星际灰尘interstellar gas 星际气体interstellar line 星际线interstellar magnetic field 星际磁场interstellar matter 星际物质interstellar molecule 星际分子interstellar reddening 星际红化interstellar space 星际空间interstice 缝隙interstitial alloy 填隙式合金interstitial atom 填隙原子interstitial diffusion 填隙式扩散interstitial ion 填隙离子interstitial solid solution 填隙式固溶体interval间隔interval rule 间隔规则intraatomic 原子内的intracrystalline 晶体内的intramolecular分子内的intramolecular bond 分子内键intramolecular forces 分子内力intramolecular rotation 分子内转动intrinsic conduction 本占电intrinsic energy 内能intrinsic magnetic moment 固有磁矩intrinsic magnetization 内倥化intrinsic parity 内兕称intrinsic permeability 固有磁导率intrinsic semiconductor 本针导体intrinsic viscosity 本粘性intrinsic wavelength 固有波长invar 殷钢invariable plane 不变平面invariance 不变性invariant 不变式invariant of strain 应变不变量invariant subgroup 不变子群inverse circuit 反演电路inverse compton effect 逆康普顿效应inverse fluorite structure 逆萤石构造inverse photoelectric effect 逆光电效应inverse photoelectron spectroscopy 逆光电光谱学inverse piezoelectric effect 逆压电效应inverse predissociation 逆前级离解inverse problem 逆问题inverse process 逆过程inverse proportion 反比率inverse raman effect 反转喇曼效应inverse raman spectroscopy反转喇曼光谱学inverse reaction 逆反响inverse scattering method 逆散射法inverse spinel 反尖晶石inverse spinel structure 反尖晶石型构造inverse square law 平方反比律inverse transformation 逆变换inverse voltage 逆电压inverse zeeman effect 反向塞曼效应inversion 反演inversion axis 反演轴inversion doublet 反转两重线inversion formula 反演公式inversion layer 反转层 ; 逆温层inversion spectrum 反转光谱inversion system 倒象系inversion temperature 变换温度invert 反演inverted magnetron gage 逆磁控管计inverted multiplet 反转多重态inverted term颠倒项inverter 逆变换装置inviscid flow 无粘性流invisible radiation 不行见的辐射invisible rays 不行见的射线iodine 碘ion 离子ion accelerator 离子加快器ion acceptor 离子接受体ion acoustic instability 离子声波不稳固性ion activity 离子活度ion avalanche 离子雪崩ion beam 离子束ion beam probe 离子束探针ion bombardment 离子轰击ion channelling 离子沟道效应ion cloud 离子云ion cluster 离子簇ion concentration 离子浓度ion condensation 离子凝集ion cyclotron frequency 离子盘旋频次ion cyclotron resonance heating 离子盘旋共振加热ion cyclotron resonance method 离子盘旋共振法ion density 离子密度ion diffusion 离子扩散ion electron recombination 离子电子再化合ion exchange 离子交换ion exchange resin 离子交换尸ion impact 离子碰撞ion implantation 离子注入ion implanted junction 离子注入结ion induced desorption 离子感觉退吸ion induced x ray analysis 离子感觉 x 射线剖析ion lattice 离子晶格ion loss 离子消耗ion microprobe analyzer 离子微探针剖析器ion microscope 离子显微镜ion molecule 离子型分子ion neutralization 离子中和ion neutralization spectroscopy 离子中和波谱学ion optics 离子光学ion orbit 离子轨道ion pair 离子对ion pair formation 离子对生成ion plasma frequency 离子等离子体频次ion pump 离子泵ion recombination 离子复合ion saturation current 离子饱和电流ion scattering spectroscopy 离子散射能谱学ion selective electrode 离子选择电极ion sheath 离子鞘ion source 离子源ion temperature 离子温度ion trap 离子圈套ion yield 离子产额ionic atmosphere 离子氛围ionic bond 异极键ionic charge 离子电荷ionic compound 离子化合物ionic conduction 离子导电ionic crystal 离子晶体ionic current 离子电流ionic laser 离子激光器ionic migration 离子迁徙ionic mobility 离子迁徙率ionic molecule 离子型分子ionic polymerization 离子聚合ionic radius 离子半径ionic recombination 离子复合ionic strength 离子强度ionic structure 离子构造ionium 锾ionization 电离ionization by collision 碰撞电离ionization chamber 电离室ionization current 电离电流ionization density 电离密度ionization fluctuation 电离涨落ionization limit 电离极限ionization loss 电离损失ionization potential 电离电势ionization power 致电离能力ionization rate 电离率ionization vacuumgage 电离真空计ionized atom 电离原子ionized layer 电离层ionizer 电离装置ionizing energy 电离能量ionizing power 致电离能力ionizing radiation 电离线ionoluminescence 离子发光ionometer离子计ionosphere电离层ionospheric disturbance电离层扰动ionospheric storm 电离层暴iras object iras 天体iridescence 虹色iridium 铱iris 可变光栏iris diaphragm锁定光栏iris type accelerator guide 隔阂型加快波导管iron 铁iron constantan thermocouple 铁康铜热电偶iron group elements 铁族元素iron loss 铁耗irradiation 辐照irradiation damage 辐照损害irradiation hardening 辐照硬化irradiation reactor 辐照用堆irreducible representation 不行约表示irregular galaxy 不规则星系irregular nebula 不规则星云irregular reflection 不规则反射irregular variable 不规则变星irreversibility 不行逆性irreversible process 不行逆过程irreversible reaction 不行逆反响irrotational field 非旋场isentrope 等熵线isentropic analysis 等熵剖析isentropic surface 等熵面ising model 伊辛模型isoanomalous line 等异样线isobar 等压线isobaric 等压的isobaric analog resonance同质异位素相像共振isobaric analog state 同质异位素相像态isobaric process 等压过程isobaric surface 等压面isocandle diagram 等烛光图isochor 等容线isochromatic 等色的isochromatic line 等色线isochromatic surface 等色面isochrone 等时线isochronism 等时性isochronous cyclotron 等时性盘旋加快器isoclinal 等倾线isoclinal line 等倾线isoclinic line 等倾线isodiaphere 同差素isodynamic line 等力线isoelectric point 等电点isogon 等偏线isolated point 孤点isolation 隔绝isolator 隔绝器绝缘体isolux curve 等照度线isomagnetism 等偏isomer 同质异能素isomer shift 同质异能位移isomeric state 同质异能态isomeric transition 同质异能跃迁isomerism 同质异能性isomerization energy 同质异能化能isometric process 等容过程isomorphism 同构isopycnic 等密度的isopycnic line 等密度线isospace 电荷空间isospin 同位旋isostasy 地壳均衡说isostere 等比容线isosteric molecule 电子等排分子isotherm 等温线isothermal 等温的isothermal atmosphere 等温大气isothermal change 等温变化isothermal equilibrium 等温均衡isothermal expansion 等温膨胀isothermal process 等温过程isotone 同中子素isotope 同位素isotope analysis 同位素剖析isotope effect 同位素效应isotope incoherence 同位素非相关性isotope separation 同位素分别isotope separator 同位素分别器isotope shift 同位素位移isotopic abundance 同位素丰度isotopic dating 同位素测年纪isotopic invariance 同位旋不变性isotopic spin同位旋isotopic tracer 示踪同位素isotropic scattering 蛤同性散射isotropic turbulence 蛤同性湍流isotropic universe 蛤同性宇宙isotropy 蛤同性iterative method 迭代法itinerant electron 巡回电子itinerant electron magnetism 遍历电子磁性。
基础物理专业英语习题
迎大家来看看！翻译科技英语的难点是搞好专业术语的翻译，在科技英语中有些词语看起来很浅显，很熟悉，但如果按熟悉的词语翻译出来后，和文章的内容对照一下，往往会发现“牛头不对马嘴”的现象。
例如，有一篇讲述机械操作的说明中书，有eye和ear这样的术语，乍一看，这些词语的中文意思连小学生都知道，是“眼睛”和“耳朵”。
这样的翻译可能会令人费解。
其实，这两个单词在科技英语中是“孔环”和“吊钩”的意思。
此外，还有很多例子，现列出一些作参考：一、借用动物名称的专业术语英语日常用语意义机械专业术语意义pig 猪金属锭块dog 狗挡块，止动爪cat 猫吊锚，履带拖拉机cock 公鸡旋塞，吊车horse 马支架，铁杆fish 鱼接合板，夹板snake 蛇斑点monkey 猴子活动板手，起重机小车fox 狐狸绳索bird 鸟飞机，火箭二、借用物品名称的专业术语英语日常用语意义机械专业术语意义coat 外衣镀层cap 帽子轴承盖，罩壳shoe 鞋子闸瓦，履带片cup 杯子皮碗，轴套bed 床底座，机床身bench 长凳拉床，钳工台house 房子箱体，罩disk 唱片硬磨盘desk 书桌控制屏table 桌子放料盘三、借用人体器官名称的专业术语英语日常用语意义机械专业术语意义eye 眼孔环ear 耳吊钩mouth 口开度nose 鼻喷嘴hand 手手柄，指针finger 手指厚薄规foot 脚支座head 头冒口，刀架neck 颈座body 身体机身hair 头发游丝tooth 牙齿粗糙面flashlight 手电筒fluorescent lamp 日光灯electric calculator 计算器tube 真空管electric fan 电风扇dictaphone, dictating machine 录音机tape recorder 磁带television 电视机electric iron 电熨斗electric foot warmer 暖脚器electric shaver 电动剃须刀electric cooker 电饭锅electric heater 电暖气electric vacuum cleaner 吸尘器bulb 电灯泡electronic oven 电烤箱radio 收音机microphone 麦克风loud-speaker 扩音机refrigerator 冰箱air conditioning 空调microwave oven 微波炉dry cell 干电池tap 电线搭接处一Tanslation:vector displacement gravitational potential energyefficiency nucleus proton neutronrepulsion molecule evaporation conductionconvection insulation infrared diodeelectromotive force potential different generatoramplitude photon apectrum urtravioletdimension equilibrium fulcrum neutralcollision centriprtal impulse momentum二CalculationA plank with a bucket on it is supported by two trestles.With force does each trestle exert on the plank?三Tanslation:1、 In the early 1600's, German mathematician and astronomer Johannes Kepler mathematically analyzed（分析） known astronomical data in order to develop three laws to describe the motion of planets about the sun. Kepler's three laws emerged from the analysis of data carefully collected over a span of several years by hisDanish predecessor（前辈） and teacher, Tycho Brahe. Kepler's three laws of planetary motion can be briefly described as follows:The path of the planets about the sun are elliptical(椭圆的) in shape, with * the center of the sun being located at one focus. (The Law of Ellipses)* An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun to the center of the planet will sweep out equal areas in equal intervals of time. (The Law of Equal Areas) * The ratio（比例） of the squares of the periods of any two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the sun. (The Law of Harmonies) 2、 According to this law: If an induced current flows, its direction is always such that it will oppose the change in flux which produced it. Lenz’s law follows from the law of conservation of energy. Energy must be transferred to produce an induced current. So work must be done to make the change which causes it. When the aluminium disc is spun between the magnetic poles, eddy currents are induced in it. These set up a magnetic field which pulls on the poles and opposes the motion. So the disc quickly comes to a halt. Electromagnetic braking systems use this effect.3、BCDExHook’slaw limitelastic limityield pointbreakingpointpermanent deformationstrainAUnlike the glass, most metals donot experience brittle fracture when stretched because dislocations tend to stop cracks growing and spreading. The following descriptions refer to the graph for a ste al wire on the left.O to B: The deformation of the wire is elastic.B: This is the elastic limit. Beyond it, the deformation becomes plastic as layers of particles slide over each other. If the stress were removed at, point O, say, point D, the wire would be left with a permanent deformation (strain x on the axis).C: This is the yield point. Beyond it, little extra force is needed to produced a large extra extension. If a material can be stretched like this, it is said to be ductile.E: The wire develops a thin ‘neck’, then a ductile fracture occurs. The highest stress just before the wire breaks is called the ultimate tensile stress. Fatigue: If a metal is taken through many cycles of changing stress, a fatigue fracture may occur before the ultimate tensile stress is reached. Fatigue fractures are caused by the slow spread of small cracks.Creep: This is the deformation which goes on happening in some materials if stress is maintained. For example, unsupported lead slowly sags under its own weight. 4、 When a liquid evaporates, molecules escape from its surface and move about freely as a gas. In a liquid, the vibrating molecules keep colliding with each other, some gaining kinetic energy and others losing it. At the surface, some of the faster, upward-moving molecules have enough kinetic energy to overcome the attraction from other molecules and escape from the liquid. With these faster molecules gone, the average KE of those left behind is reduced i.e. the temperature of the liquid falls. That is why evaporation has a cooling effect.5、 Vibrating and spinning molecules in one object give off electromagnetic radiation whose energy can be absorbed by molecules in another object so that they speed up. This radiation is called thermal radiation. From most warm or hot objects, it is mainly infrared. Some surfaces are better absorbers of thermal radiation than others.A preface absorber is called black body. It is also the best possible emitter of thermal radiation. The Sun, odd though it may sound, is effectively a black body radiator.6、 When some substances are illuminated by light, electrons are emitted from their surface. This is called the photoelectric effect. The electrons are emitted with a range of kinetic energies, up to a maximum. Experiments shows that:l Increasing the intensity of light increases the number of electrons emitted per second.l For light beneath a certain threshold frequency, f0, no electrons are emitted, even in very intense light.l Above f0, the maximum KE of the electrons increases with frequency, but is not affected by intensity. Even in very dim light gives some electrons with high KE.7、 Most types of particle have a corresponding antiparticle. This has the same rest mass, but at least one property which is opposite to that of the particle. When a particle and its antiparticle meet, in most cases, they annihilate each other and their mass is converted into energy as given by E=mc2. For example, the annihilation of an electron and positron may produce a pair of gamma photons.8、 In the 17th century, it was pointed out that, if the stars continued out to infinity, the night sky should be white, not dark—because light must be coming from every possible directio n in the sky. This because known as Olber’s paradox. Two reasons for the dark night sky have been suggested:i. In the expanding Universe, red-shifted wavelengths mean reduced photo energies, so the intensity of the light from distance stars is reduced.ii. There is a limit to our observable Universe. If, say, the Universe is 15 billion years from stars more than 15 billion light-years away. So everything beyond that distance looks dark.9、 If a wave source is receding(moving away) from a detector, the waves reaching the detector are more spaced out, so their measured wavelength is increased and their frequency reduced. This is an example of Doppler effect. It causes the change of pitch which you hear when an ambulance rushes past with its siren sounding. Star motion can be fast enough to cause a detectable Doppler shift in light waves. If a star is moving away from the Earth, its spectral lines are shifted towards the red end of the spectrum.10、经典电磁学是研究宏观电磁现象和客观物体的电磁性质的学科。
高三英语物理力学定律单选题50题
高三英语物理力学定律单选题50题1. A car is moving on a straight road at a constant speed. Suddenly, the driver takes his foot off the accelerator pedal. According to Newton's first law, what will most likely happen to the car?A. It will stop immediately.B. It will continue to move at the same speed forever.C. It will gradually slow down due to friction.D. It will start to move in the opposite direction.答案：C。
解析：牛顿第一定律表明，物体在没有外力作用时，将保持静止或匀速直线运动状态。
汽车在行驶时，当司机松开油门踏板，汽车不再受到向前的动力，但地面的摩擦力仍然存在，这个摩擦力就是外力，会使汽车逐渐减速，而不是立即停止，所以A错误；由于有摩擦力这个外力，汽车不可能永远以相同速度运动下去，B错误；汽车不会因为松开油门就朝相反方向运动，D错误。
2. A ball is rolling on a perfectly smooth and frictionless surface in a straight line. Which statement is correct according to Newton's first law?A. The ball will stop by itself after some time.B. The ball needs a continuous force to keep it rolling.C. The ball will keep rolling at a constant speed in a straight line indefinitely.D. The ball will start to curve without any external force.答案：C。
初二物理基础知识英语阅读理解20题
初二物理基础知识英语阅读理解20题1. What is the force that makes a book stay on a table?A. Gravity.B. Friction.C. Magnetic force.D. Electrostatic force.答案：A。
原因：书放在桌子上，是由于地球的引力即重力作用使其保持在桌子上。
B 选项摩擦力通常是阻碍物体相对运动的力；C 选项磁力一般由磁体产生；D 选项静电力是静止电荷之间的作用力。
这里涉及的物理知识是重力的概念，英语阅读技巧是根据关键词“book stay on a table”去判断。
2. When you push a box, what kind of force are you applying?A. Centripetal force.B. Centrifugal force.C. Contact force.D. Non-contact force.答案：C。
原因：推箱子是接触力，A 选项向心力是使物体做圆周运动的力；B 选项离心力是虚拟力；D 选项非接触力如重力、磁力等。
涉及的物理知识是力的分类，英语阅读技巧是理解“push a box”这个动作对应的力的类型。
3. What happens to the speed of an object when a constant force is applied in the direction of its motion?A. Increases.B. Decreases.C. Remains the same.D. Becomes zero.答案：A。
原因：当一个恒力沿物体运动方向作用时，物体速度会增加。
B 选项速度减小是当力与运动方向相反时；C 选项速度不变一般是合力为零时；D 选项速度为零通常是停止状态。
涉及的物理知识是力对物体运动状态的影响，英语阅读技巧是抓住“constant force”和“direction of motion”等关键词。
中考英语物理基础知识单选题40道
中考英语物理基础知识单选题40道1. In a physics experiment, the length of a metal rod was measured to be2.5 meters. Which of the following is the most likely unit for this measurement?A. CentimetersB. MillimetersC. KilometersD. Meters答案：D。
解析：在测量金属棒长度时，2.5 米是一个合理的长度单位。
厘米（A 选项）和毫米（B 选项）对于这个长度来说数值会过大；千米 C 选项）对于这样一个普通金属棒的长度来说又过大。
2. The mass of a book is measured to be 500 grams. Which of the following is an equivalent measurement of this mass?A. 0.5 kilogramsB. 5 kilogramsC. 50 kilogramsD. 500 kilograms答案：A。
解析：1 千克= 1000 克，500 克= 0.5 千克，B 选项 5 千克、C 选项50 千克、D 选项500 千克都远大于500 克。
3. To measure the time it takes for a pendulum to complete one swing, which of the following units is most appropriate?A. HoursB. MinutesC. SecondsD. Days答案：C。
解析：测量摆完成一次摆动的时间，通常使用秒作为单位，小时（A 选项）和分钟（B 选项）时间过长，天（D 选项）更不适合。
4. The temperature of a liquid is 30 degrees Celsius. If we want to convert this temperature to Fahrenheit, which formula should we use?A. F = (9/5) * C + 32B. F = (5/9) * C + 32C. F = 9 * C + 32D. F = 5 * C + 32答案：A。
初二物理练习题英文资料
初二物理练习题英文资料I. MechanicsA. Multiple Choice Questions1. Which of the following is a vector quantity?A. SpeedB. DistanceC. DisplacementD. Time2. An object is accelerating if its velocity is:A. ConstantB. ChangingC. ZeroD. NegativeB. Fill in the Blanks1. The SI unit of force is ________.2. The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately ________ m/s².II. Thermal PhysicsA. True or False1. The thermal energy of an object increases as its temperature increases. (True/False)2. Conduction is the transfer of heat through a solid medium. (True/False)B. Short Answer Questions1. What is the process which heat is transferred from a hotter object to a cooler object?2. What is the boiling point of water at standard atmospheric pressure?III. OpticsA. Multiple Choice Questions1. Which of the following is a convex lens?A. Concave lensB. Convex mirrorC. Plane mirrorD. Concave mirror2. The speed of light in a vacuum is:A. 3 × 10^5 km/sB. 3 × 10^8 m/sC. 3 × 10^6 m/sD. 3 × 10^8 km/hB. Fill in the Blanks1. When light passes from air to water, it ________.2. The law of reflection states that the angle of incidence is ________ to the angle of reflection.IV. ElectricityA. True or False1. An electrical circuit is a closed path through which electric current flows. (True/False)2. A series circuit has multiple paths for current to flow. (True/False)B. Short Answer Questions1. What is the SI unit of electrical resistance?2. Define the term "electromotive force" (EMF).V. MagnetismA. Multiple Choice Questions1. Which of the following is a magnetic material?A. WoodB. PlasticC. IronD. Glass2. The direction of the magnetic field around a straight conductor carrying current is given :A. Righthand ruleB. Lefthand ruleC. Middlehand ruleD. No specific ruleB. Fill in the Blanks1. A magnet has two poles, namely ________ and ________.2. The magnetic field lines inside a solenoid form________ patterns.VI. Waves and SoundA. Multiple Choice Questions1. Which type of wave requires a medium for its propagation?A. Light waveB. Sound waveC. Radio waveD. Microwave2. The frequency of a wave is determined :A. Its amplitudeB. Its wavelengthC. Its speedD. Its sourceB. Fill in the Blanks1. The SI unit of frequency is ________.2. The speed of sound in air at room temperature is approximately ________ m/s.VII. Atomic and Nuclear PhysicsA. True or False1. An atom consists of a nucleus surrounded electrons. (True/False)2. Radioactive decay is a random process. (True/False)B. Short Answer Questions1. What is the charge of a proton?2. Name the three main types of radioactive decay.VIII. Energy and WorkA. Multiple Choice Questions1. Which of the following is a form of potential energy?A. Kinetic energyB. Thermal energyC. Gravitational potential energyD. Electrical energy2. Work is done when:A. A force is applied to an object and the object moves in the opposite directionB. A force is applied to an object and the object moves in the same directionC. A force is applied to an object and the object does not moveD. No force is applied to an objectB. Fill in the Blanks1. The work done a force is equal to the product of the force and the ________.2. The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be ________ or destroyed.IX. Pressure and FluidsA. True or False1. Pressure is directly proportional to the depth of a fluid. (True/False)2. Buoyancy is the upward force exerted a fluid on an object. (True/False)B. Short Answer Questions1. What is the SI unit of pressure?2. Explain the concept of Pascal's principle.X. Units and MeasurementA. Multiple Choice Questions1. Which of the following is a derived unit?A. MeterB. KilogramC. SecondD. Newton2. The prefix "kilo" represents a factor of:A. 10^3B. 10^6C. 10^9D. 10^12B. Fill in the Blanks1. The SI base units of the quantity "speed" are ________ per ________.2. To measure the volume of an irregularly shaped object, you can use the ________ method.答案I. MechanicsA. Multiple Choice Questions1. C2. BB. Fill in the Blanks1. Newton (N)2. 9.8 m/s²II. Thermal PhysicsA. True or False1. True2. TrueB. Short Answer Questions1. Heat transfer2. 100°CIII. OpticsA. Multiple Choice Questions1. D2. BB. Fill in the Blanks1. Refracts2. EqualIV. ElectricityA. True or False1. True2. FalseB. Short Answer Questions1. Ohm (Ω)2. The force that drives electric charges through a conductor.V. MagnetismA. Multiple Choice Questions1. C2. AB. Fill in the Blanks1. North and South2. CircularVI. Waves and SoundA. Multiple Choice Questions1. B2. DB. Fill in the Blanks1. Hertz (Hz)2. 340 m/sVII. Atomic and Nuclear PhysicsA. True or False1. True2. TrueB. Short Answer Questions1. +12. Alpha decay, beta decay, gamma decayVIII. Energy and WorkA. Multiple Choice Questions1. C2. BB. Fill in the Blanks1. Displacement2. CreatedIX. Pressure and FluidsA. True or False1. True2. TrueB. Short Answer Questions1. Pascal (Pa)2. Pascal's principle states that a change in pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished to all portions of the fluid and the walls of its container.X. Units and MeasurementA. Multiple Choice Questions1. D2. AB. Fill in the Blanks1. Meters per second (m/s)2. Water displacement。
2024年高一英语物理学概念练习题40题
2024年高一英语物理学概念单选题40题1.The unit of force is _____.A.kgB.m/sC.ND.J答案：C。
A 选项“kg”是千克，是质量的单位；B 选项“m/s”是米每秒，是速度的单位；C 选项“N”是牛顿，是力的单位；D 选项“J”是焦耳，是能量的单位。
2.The symbol for acceleration is _____.A.vB.aC.tD.s答案：B。
A 选项“v”通常表示速度；B 选项“a”是加速度的符号；C 选项“t”通常表示时间；D 选项“s”通常表示位移。
3.The physical quantity that represents the amount of matter in an object is _____.A.forceB.massC.velocityD.acceleration答案：B。
A 选项“force”是力；B 选项“mass”是质量，代表物体所含物质的多少；C 选项“velocity”是速度；D 选项“acceleration”是加速度。
4.The unit of work is _____.A.WB.NC.JD.m/s²答案：C。
A 选项“W”通常是功率的单位瓦特；B 选项“N”是牛顿，力的单位；C 选项“J”是焦耳，是功的单位；D 选项“m/s²”是加速度的单位。
5.The physical quantity that measures how fast an object is moving is _____.A.accelerationB.velocityC.forceD.mass答案：B。
A 选项“acceleration”是加速度，衡量物体速度变化的快慢；B 选项“velocity”是速度，测量物体运动的快慢；C 选项“force”是力；D 选项“mass”是质量。
6.The symbol for displacement is _____.A.sB.vC.aD.t答案：A。
物理专业英语复习题库
专业应试题库一，专业词汇翻译A spherical system of coordinates 球坐标系Absolute scale绝对温标Absolute temperature 绝对温度Absolute zero 绝对零度Acute angle锐角Adiabatic process绝热过程Adjacent邻近的Amount of heat 热量Amplitude振幅Analytical expression解析式Angular momentum角动量Angular velocity角速度Annihilate湮灭Appreciable相当多的Approximate solution近似解Arbitrarily任意的变换莫测的Assume that 假设At constant pressure定压At rest静止的，Axial symmetry轴对称Axis of rotation转轴Be independent of 独立的，Be proportional to 与……成正比Bend使弯曲的Capacitor电容器Center of mass质心Centripetal force向心力Cgs厘米-克-秒制（Centimeter-Gram-Second）Change in jumps 突变Chaotic无序的Charge by conduct 接触起电Charge by induction 感应起电Circulation motion圆周运动Classical mechanics经典力学Coefficient系数Coherent相干性Combustion engine内燃机Comparison 参照物Compensate 补偿，抵消Conductor导体Consecutive 连贯的Consequently结果，因此Conservation守恒Considerable 相当大的Constant常量Constructive interference 干涉相长Coordinate system坐标系Coulomb’s law库仑定律Counter-phase反相Cross-sectional 横截面Curl旋度Curvilinear motion曲线运动Cyclic process循环过程Decrement衰减率Denominator分母Density密度Derivative导数Destructive interference干涉相消Developing显影Deviation from脱离逸出Diatomic双原子的Difference差异Diffraction衍射Dimension 维Discrete value离散值Displacement位移Distance 距离Distribution function分布函数Divergence 散度Dynamics动力学Elastic collision弹性碰撞Electric dipole电偶极子Electric field 电场Electric potential 电势Electric potential energy电势能Electrically polarized电极化Electrodynamics电动力学Electromagnetic电磁学Electron电子Electrostatic静电Elementary mass元质量，质量元Embodiment体现具体化Emulsion感光剂Energy能量Energy level 能级Entropy 熵Equilibrium平衡Equipartition principle均分定理Ether以太Exposure曝光External force外力Factor因素First law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律Focal plane焦平面Fraunhofer diffraction夫琅和费衍射Free fall自由落体Friction摩擦力Gamma photon伽马射线General theory relativity广义相对论Geometrical几何的Gradient梯度Gravity重力，地心引力Grow proportionally to 正比增长Harmonic function调和函数Harmonic oscillator谐振子Heat 热Heat capacity 热容Heat engine热机Heat transfer热传递Hence因此Histogram直方图Hologram 全息图Holography 全系照相Homogeneous（反应堆）燃烧和减速剂均匀调和的Huygens’ Principle惠更斯原理Hypothetical medium 假设介质Ideal gass理想气体Identical 同一的，完全相同的Illuminate说明Impart 给予Impulse冲量Inalienable不可分割的Incident light入射光Inclination倾角Incoherene非相干的Increase增加Increment增量Inertia惯性Inertial reference frame惯性参考系Infrared radiation 红外辐射Initial moment 初始时刻Instantaneous瞬间的Insulator 绝缘体Integral 积分Interference 干涉Internal energy 内能Internal force内力Intra-molecular energy 分子内能Isotropic 各向同性的Kinematics运动学Law of cosine square余弦定理Length contraction长度收缩Macroscopic宏观的Mass质量Mass-energy conversion质能转换Mean distance 平均距离Mechanical equivalent of heat热功当量Mechanics力学Medium 介质Microscopic 微观的Molar heat gas capacity 气体摩尔热容Mole 摩尔Molecular physics分子物理学Momentum动量Monatomic单原子Monochromatic light单色光Motion运动Multiply乘以Neutron中子Newton’s first law牛顿第一定律Non-equilibrium state非平衡态Normal acceleration法向加速度Normal to 垂直于Nuclei原子核Nucleon 核子Numerator 分子Object beam 物体光束Obtuse angle钝角Operator算符Overlap 重叠Polarization两极分化极化Parallel axis theorem平行轴定理Parallel beams平行光束Parallel rays平行光Parallelogram method平行四边形法则Parameter of state状态参数Perfectly rigid body刚体Perpendicular垂直的Phase difference相位差Phenomena现象Piston活塞Point charge点电荷Point particle质点Power功率Preference优先权Principle of relativity相对性原理Probability可能性Probability distribution function概率分布函数Projection 投影Propagate传播Proton质子Pseudoscopic幻视镜的Quantitative conclusion定量结论Quasi-static 准静态的Radian弧度Radius半径Rarefaction稀薄的Real image实像Rectilinear motion 直线运动Redistribution重新分配Reference frame参考系Reference wave参考波Relative atomic mass of an element相对原子质量Relative molecular mass of substance相对分子质量Relaxation process弛豫过程Relaxation time 弛豫时间Reversible (process)可逆过程Rotational inertia转动惯量Scalar标量Scalar field标量场Semiconductor半导体Semitransparent 半透明的Solid angle立体角Spatial coherence 空间相干性Special theory of relativity狭义相对论Specific heat capacity 比热容Speed 速度速率Stationary 固定的Subscript下标Superpose 重叠的Superposition叠加Symmetry对称的Temperature温度Temporal coherence 时间相干性Terminal velocity末速度Test charge检验电荷The difference on optical path 光程差The equation of state of an ideal gass理想气体物态方程The magnitude of a vector向量的大小The number of degree of freedom自由度数量The reciprocal of 倒数The refractive index折射率The right-hand screw rule右手螺旋定则The second derivative of 二阶导数The square of distance距离的平方The tangential acceleration切向加速度Thermodynamic temperature scale热力学温标Three dimensional三维的Time averaged value时间均值Time dilation时间膨胀Timepiece计时器Torque力矩Torsion balance扭秤Translation motion平动Triatomic三原子的Tuning fork音叉Twin paradox孪生佯谬Ultraviolet light紫外线Undeformable body不可形变体，刚体Uniform circular motion匀速圆周运动Unit time单位时间Vector field 矢量场Vectors矢量Velocity 速度,矢量Virtual image虚像Wave length 波长Wave number波数Weight重量)二、段落翻译翻译('541、For a stationary field, the work done on a particle by the forces of the field may depend on theinitial and final position of the particle and not depend on the path along which the particle moved. Forces having such a property are called conservative.对于固定的场,力作用在质点上的公取决于初始位置和末位置,而与路径无关,具有这个性质的力叫保守力.2、 A combination of bodies that are stationary relative to one another with respect to whichmotion is being considered an a timepiece indicating the time forms a reference frame.由运动上相对静止的物体所组成的复合体，外加显示（记录）时间的仪器，一起构成了参考系统。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
专业应试题库一，专业词汇翻译A spherical system of coordinates 球坐标系Absolute scale绝对温标Absolute temperature 绝对温度Absolute zero 绝对零度Acute angle锐角Adiabatic process绝热过程Adjacent邻近的Amount of heat 热量Amplitude振幅Analytical expression解析式Angular momentum角动量Angular velocity角速度Annihilate湮灭Appreciable相当多的Approximate solution近似解Arbitrarily任意的变换莫测的Assume that 假设At constant pressure定压At rest静止的，Axial symmetry轴对称Axis of rotation转轴Be independent of 独立的，Be proportional to 与……成正比Bend使弯曲的Capacitor电容器Center of mass质心Centripetal force向心力Cgs厘米-克-秒制（Centimeter-Gram-Second）Change in jumps 突变Chaotic无序的Charge by conduct 接触起电Charge by induction 感应起电Circulation motion圆周运动Classical mechanics经典力学Coefficient系数Coherent相干性Combustion engine内燃机Comparison 参照物Compensate 补偿，抵消Conductor导体Consecutive 连贯的Consequently结果，因此Conservation守恒Considerable 相当大的Constant常量Constructive interference 干涉相长Coordinate system坐标系Coulomb’s law库仑定律Counter-phase反相Cross-sectional 横截面Curl旋度Curvilinear motion曲线运动Cyclic process循环过程Decrement衰减率Denominator分母Density密度Derivative导数Destructive interference干涉相消Developing显影Deviation from脱离逸出Diatomic双原子的Difference差异Diffraction衍射Dimension 维Discrete value离散值Displacement位移Distance 距离Distribution function分布函数Divergence 散度Dynamics动力学Elastic collision弹性碰撞Electric dipole电偶极子Electric field 电场Electric potential 电势Electric potential energy电势能Electrically polarized电极化Electrodynamics电动力学Electromagnetic电磁学Electron电子Electrostatic静电Elementary mass元质量，质量元Embodiment体现具体化Emulsion感光剂Energy能量Energy level 能级Entropy 熵Equilibrium平衡Equipartition principle均分定理Ether以太Exposure曝光External force外力Factor因素First law of thermodynamics热力学第一定律Focal plane焦平面Fraunhofer diffraction夫琅和费衍射Free fall自由落体Friction摩擦力Gamma photon伽马射线General theory relativity广义相对论Geometrical几何的Gradient梯度Gravity重力，地心引力Grow proportionally to 正比增长Harmonic function调和函数Harmonic oscillator谐振子Heat 热Heat capacity 热容Heat engine热机Heat transfer热传递Hence因此Histogram直方图Hologram 全息图Holography 全系照相Homogeneous（反应堆）燃烧和减速剂均匀调和的Huygens’ Principle惠更斯原理Hypothetical medium 假设介质Ideal gass理想气体Identical 同一的，完全相同的Illuminate说明Impart 给予Impulse冲量Inalienable不可分割的Incident light入射光Inclination倾角Incoherene非相干的Increase增加Increment增量Inertia惯性Inertial reference frame惯性参考系Infrared radiation 红外辐射Initial moment 初始时刻Instantaneous瞬间的Insulator 绝缘体Integral 积分Interference 干涉Internal energy 内能Internal force内力Intra-molecular energy 分子内能Isotropic 各向同性的Kinematics运动学Law of cosine square余弦定理Length contraction长度收缩Macroscopic宏观的Mass质量Mass-energy conversion质能转换Mean distance 平均距离Mechanical equivalent of heat热功当量Mechanics力学Medium 介质Microscopic 微观的Molar heat gas capacity 气体摩尔热容Mole 摩尔Molecular physics分子物理学Momentum动量Monatomic单原子Monochromatic light单色光Motion运动Multiply乘以Neutron中子Newton’s first law牛顿第一定律Non-equilibrium state非平衡态Normal acceleration法向加速度Normal to 垂直于Nuclei原子核Nucleon 核子Numerator 分子Object beam 物体光束Obtuse angle钝角Operator算符Overlap 重叠Polarization两极分化极化Parallel axis theorem平行轴定理Parallel beams平行光束Parallel rays平行光Parallelogram method平行四边形法则Parameter of state状态参数Perfectly rigid body刚体Perpendicular垂直的Phase difference相位差Phenomena现象Piston活塞Point charge点电荷Point particle质点Power功率Preference优先权Principle of relativity相对性原理Probability可能性Probability distribution function概率分布函数Projection 投影Propagate传播Proton质子Pseudoscopic幻视镜的Quantitative conclusion定量结论Quasi-static 准静态的Radian弧度Radius半径Rarefaction稀薄的Real image实像Rectilinear motion 直线运动Redistribution重新分配Reference frame参考系Reference wave参考波Relative atomic mass of an element相对原子质量Relative molecular mass of substance相对分子质量Relaxation process弛豫过程Relaxation time 弛豫时间Reversible (process)可逆过程Rotational inertia转动惯量Scalar标量Scalar field标量场Semiconductor半导体Semitransparent 半透明的Solid angle立体角Spatial coherence 空间相干性Special theory of relativity狭义相对论Specific heat capacity 比热容Speed 速度速率Stationary 固定的Subscript下标Superpose 重叠的Superposition叠加Symmetry对称的Temperature温度Temporal coherence 时间相干性Terminal velocity末速度Test charge检验电荷The difference on optical path 光程差The equation of state of an ideal gass理想气体物态方程The magnitude of a vector向量的大小The number of degree of freedom自由度数量The reciprocal of 倒数The refractive index折射率The right-hand screw rule右手螺旋定则The second derivative of 二阶导数The square of distance距离的平方The tangential acceleration切向加速度Thermodynamic temperature scale热力学温标Three dimensional三维的Time averaged value时间均值Time dilation时间膨胀Timepiece计时器Torque力矩Torsion balance扭秤Translation motion平动Triatomic三原子的Tuning fork音叉Twin paradox孪生佯谬Ultraviolet light紫外线Undeformable body不可形变体，刚体Uniform circular motion匀速圆周运动Unit time单位时间Vector field 矢量场Vectors矢量Velocity 速度,矢量Virtual image虚像Wave length 波长Wave number波数Weight重量二、段落翻译翻译('54)1、For a stationary field, the work done on a particle by the forces of the fieldmay depend on the initial and final position of the particle and not depend on the path along which the particle moved. Forces having such a property are called conservative.对于固定的场,力作用在质点上的公取决于初始位置和末位置,而与路径无关,具有这个性质的力叫保守力.2、 A combination of bodies that are stationary relative to one another with respectto which motion is being considered an a timepiece indicating the time formsa reference frame.由运动上相对静止的物体所组成的复合体，外加显示（记录）时间的仪器，一起构成了参考系统。