电子信息工程文献专业英语中英互译

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电子信息与通信工程专业英语课文翻译1.4

电子信息与通信工程专业英语课文翻译1.4

基础电子学电子学衍生于对电力的研究和应用,是工程学和应用物理学的领域。

电力涉及力的产生,传输与使用金属导体。

电子学利用电子不同的运动方式及通过供气材料,如硅与锗等半导体,其他设备如太阳能电池,LED,微波激射器,激光及微波管等实现。

电子学应用于包括广播、雷达、电视、卫星系统传输,导航辅助设备系统,控制系统,空间探测设备,微型设备如电子表,许多电气设备和电脑等方面。

1.电子学的开端电子学的历史始于20世纪,包括三个关键元素:真空管,晶体管和集成电路。

19世纪早期是理论和发明取得重大发展的时代。

发现了红外线和紫外线。

道尔顿在1808年提出了原子理论。

在1840年之前就发现了热电效应、电解效应和光电效应。

20年之间相继产生了工作在低压下的放电管,辉光放电,新型电池及早期的扩音器。

因此,在1800—1875年之间,发现了基本的物理现象,电话,留声机,麦克风及扬声器等在实际应用中达到了极致。

至于19世纪末期,无线电报,磁记录,阴极射线示波器等都被发明了。

20世纪早期也见证了现代电子技术的开端。

1880年爱迪生发明了白炽灯成为现代电子领域的历史先驱者。

他发现有微弱的电流从加热的灯丝流向真空管内附着的金属板。

这就是众所周知的“爱迪生效应”。

如果使用了一个非电器的热源,注意到电池仅是必要的用来加热灯丝使电子移动。

1904年,约翰利用爱迪生效应发明了二极管,李.德.佛列思特紧接着在1906年发明了三极管。

这些真空管设备使电子能源控制的放大及传输成为可能。

20世纪初真空管的引入使现代电子学快速成长。

采用真空管让信号的控制成为可能,这是早期的电报电话电路不可能实现的,也是早期用高压电火花产生无线电波的发射机所不能实现的。

电子管首先应用于无线通信。

Guglielmo Marconi于1896年开辟了无线电报的发展,于1901年实现了远距离广播交流。

早期的收音机包括了无线电报(摩尔斯电码信号传输)或收音机电话(语音留言)。

电子信息工程中英文翻译

电子信息工程中英文翻译

本科毕业设计(论文)中英文对照翻译院(系部)电气工程与自动化专业名称电子信息工程年级班级 04级7班学生姓名刘快来指导老师王晓丹Infrared Remote Control SystemAbstractRed outside data correspondence the technique be currently within the scope of world drive extensive usage of a kind of wireless conjunction technique,drive numerous hardware and software platform support. Red outside the transceiver product have cost low, small scaled turn, the baud rate be quick, point to point SSL, be free from electromagnetism thousand Raos etc.characteristics, can realization information at dissimilarity of the product fast, convenience, safely exchange and transmission, at short distance wireless deliver aspect to own very obvious of advantage.Along with red outside the data deliver a technique more and more mature, the cost descend, red outside the transceiver necessarily will get at the short distance communication realm more extensive of application.The purpose that design this system is transmit customer’s operation information with infrared rays for transmit media, then demodulate original signal with receive circuit. It use coding chip to modulate signal and use decoding chip to demodulate signal. The coding chip is PT2262 and decoding chip is PT2272. Both chips are made in Taiwan. Main work principle is that we provide to input the information for the PT2262 with coding keyboard. The input information was coded by PT2262 and loading to high frequent load wave whose frequent is 38 kHz, then modulate infrared transmit dioxide and radiate space outside when it attian enough power. The receive circuit receive the signal and demodulate original information. The original signal was decoded by PT2272, so as to drive some circuit to accomplish customer’s operation demand.Keywords:Infrare dray;Code;Decoding;LM386;Redoutside transceiver1 Introduction1.1 research the background and significanceInfrared Data Communication Technology is the world wide use of a wireless connection technology, by the many hardware and software platforms supported. Is a data through electrical pulses and infrared optical pulse switch between the wireless data transceiver technology.Infrared transceiver products with low cost, small, fast transmission rate, the point-to-point transmission security, not subject to electromagnetic interference and other characteristics that can be achieved between the different products, rapid, convenient and safe exchange and transmission, In short distance wireless transmission have a very distinct advantage.Infrared transceiver products in the portable product of a great role. At present, the world's 150 million piece of equipment used infrared technology in electronic products and industrial equipment. medical equipment and other fields widely used. For example, 95% of the notebook computers on the installation of infrared transceiver interface the majority of the cell phone is also the allocation of infrared transceiver interface. With the exchange of quantitative data, infrared data communications will enable cell phone data transmission more convenient. With infrared data transmission technology matures, perfect, low costs, Infrared Transceiver in short distance communications will be more widely applied.This chapter first describes the infrared transceiver IC design issues to the background and significance. then briefed the infrared data communications technology features and applications, and infrared transceiver product characteristics, domestic and international situation and development trend of the last under infrared remote transceiver system in practical application to establish a task of design orientation.1.2 Infrared Remote ControlTransceiver SystemInfrared remote control system is divided into single-channel and multi-channel remote control. Only a command signal transmission channel, called single-channel remote control system; with more than two instructions signal transmission channel known as a multi-channel remote control system. Relatively simple single-channel remote control, in general, only a launcher directive Key receivers and only one circuit implementation. While in the receiving circuit to add more stable memory circuits that can be activated commands to launch a number of key, so that the receiver circuit multistable memory circuit repeatedly to change the state, to realize many of the functional control, But such a state of change is the order. If we are to achieve an arbitrary control, resort to the use of multi-channel remote control system. Multi-channel remote control can be realized by the object of arbitrary multi-function remote control. As for the choice of several routes and what control methods, according to the actual situation (such as object, operational requirements and cost accounting, etc.) to decide. General infrared remote transceiver system by infrared remote control transmitter signal coding, infrared remote control signal receivers and decoders (or decoder chip MCU) and the external circuit consisting of three parts. Signal transmitter remote control code used to generate pulses of infrared emission-driven output infrared remote control signal, receiver completion of the remote control signal amplification and detection, plastic and demodulation encoding pulse. Infrared remote control coded pulse is going to obtain a continuous serial binary code, and for most of the infrared transceiver system, This serial code as micro-controller of the remote control input signals from the internal CPU completion of the remote control instruction decoder, on the other infrared remote control transceivers, the designers of electronic products, The internal micro-controller of the remote control decoder directive is not accessible.Therefore, people are using infrared encoder / decoder chip and microcontroller developed various generic infrared remote transceiver system, In various equipment infrared signals between the transceiver.Remote transceiver system generally transmitters and receivers is composed of two parts. Launchers from the general direction keys, coded instructions circuit modulation circuit, driving circuit, firing circuit of several parts. When pressed a key, the directive coding circuit, in the corresponding instructions encoded signal, the encoder signal to the carrier modulation, Driven by the power amplifier circuit after circuit fired from the field after firing instructions coded modulation signals. General receiver by the receiving circuit, the amplifier circuit, demodulation circuits, instruction decoder circuit, driving circuit, circuit implementation of several parts. Receiving Circuit will launch vehicles have been coded modulation signal receiving instructions from, and to enlarge evacuation demodulation circuit. Demodulation circuit will have the coding modulation signal demodulation, namely, reduction of signal coding. The instruction decoder to the encoder signal decoding, Driven by the final circuit to drive the implementation of various instructions circuit to control the operation.1.3 infrared remote control transceiver product profiles 1.3.1 infrared remote control transceiver product structure and typeCurrently infrared transceiver in accordance with the mode of transmission rate and can be divided into four categories : Serial mode, the highest rate of 115.2 Kbps; medium-speed model : the highest rate of 0.567 Mbps and 1.152Mbps; High-speed mode : The maximum rate of 16 Mbps.Also according to the size chip power consumption can be divided into low-power consumption and standard two categories, low-power type normally used 3 V power supply, transmission distance closer to about 0 - 30cm, which is commonly used standard 5V power supply, transmission distance away at least 1mabove.1.3.2 infrared remote control transmitters of the status quo at home and abroadInfrared communication technology in the development stage and there are several infrared communication standards, between different standards for infrared equipment can not infrared communication. To have all the infrared equipment to interoperability in 1993 by more than 20 large manufacturers initiated the establishment of an Infrared Data Association (IRDA) unified the infrared communication standards , which is currently widely used in infrared data communication protocols and standards, also known as the IRDA standard.Since 1993 IRDA since the establishment of the Infrared Data Association members have developed to more than 150. IRDA standards of the industry has been widely recognized and supported. Has been developed with the infrared communications equipment have been as many as 100 species. IR module, installed capacity has reached 150 million sets. Although there is also a short distance wireless Bluetooth technology, But in infrared communication technology low cost and broad compatibility advantages, Infrared data communication in the future will still be a very long time inherent short-range wireless data communications fields play an important role.1.3.3 Infrared Transceiver product development trendIn various infrared transceiver products, although the transmission rate, transmission distance and other characteristics, But infrared transceiver products has been towards improving the transmission rate, increase the transmission distance and lower power consumption, expanding launch reception angle of development. In particular, as the technology development and maturity, the means of transmission is moving in the direction of point-to-multipoint. Therefore infrared remote control transceiver products have broader prospects for development.2 Infrared communication of knowledge2.1 infrared ray foundation knowledge2.1.1 infrared outlinedInfrared is actually a kind of electromagnetic wave. From the analysis of various natural component of the electromagnetic wave reflected spectrum is :-ray, x-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infrared, microwave and radio wave. From the viewpoint of form, and they did not seem to, but if the wavelength in descending order, and we will find him all the only visible light spectrum of the entire 0.38 μm - 0.76μm so long little area, and adjacent to the visible light and infrared (including the far infrared, mid-infrared and near infrared foreign) accounts for the spectrum of 0.76 μm - 1000μm of a major. Which micron wavelength range also includes UV, visible, near infrared, mid-infrared and far-infrared, microwave.From the above analysis shows that infrared is a very rich spectrum resources, it currently has in production, life, military, medical, and other aspects have been widely used, such as infrared heating, medical infrared, infrared communication, infrared camera, infrared remote control, and so on. Infrared remote control is the many applications of infrared part of the current household appliances widely used in TV remote control, VCR remote control, VCD remote control, high-fidelity audio remote control, are used infra-red remote control, It allows the control of these appliances have become very easy.2.1.2 infrared propertiesInfrared lies between visible light and microwave a wave, it is with certain clinical characteristics of the wave. In the near-infrared, visible light and its adjacent, it is visible in certain characteristics, such as straight-line transmission, reflection, refraction, scattering, diffraction, can be certainobjects and can be absorbed through the lens of their focusing. In the far-infrared region, owing to its neighboring microwave, it has some characteristics of microwave, If a strong penetrating power and can run through some opaque substances. Since in any object, natural profession, regardless of whether its own luminescence (referring to visible light), as long as the temperature is above absolute zero (-273 °C), moment will be kept around to infrared radiation. Only higher temperature of objects strong infrared radiation, low-temperature objects infrared radiation weaker. Therefore infrared feature is the greatest common in nature, it is called thermal radiation called thermal radiation. Infrared cameras, infrared night market pyroelectric infrared detectors and some other missiles aiming at is the use of this characteristic of infrared work.Infrared and visible light compared to another characteristic of a variety of colors. As the longest wavelength of visible light is a wavelength of the shortest times (780 nm-380 nm), So is called an octave. And infrared wavelength is the longest shortest wavelength of a times, and the longest wavelength infrared is the shortest wavelength of 10 times, that is, 10 octave. Therefore, if visible light can be expressed as seven colors, infrared may performance 70 colors, showing the rich colors. Infrared smoke through the good performance, which is also one of its features.Because not visible to the infrared, it has little effect on the environment. By the wave infrared rays than the long wavelength radio waves, infrared remote control will not affect the nearby radio equipment. Another wavelength of less than 1.5μm near infrared light, transparent atmosphere in the visible light transmission characteristics much better than, because it close to the visible edge of the red light, linear transmission, reflection, refraction and absorption material and the physical characteristics very similar to visible light. Therefore, it can be used with similar visible focusing lens and other opticaldevices. Because infrared remote control is not as remote as the radio through the barrier to control the object's ability to control, so in the design of household appliances infra-red remote control, wireless remote control as unnecessary, each set (transmitters and receivers) have different frequency or remote coding (Otherwise, wall will control or interference with neighbors household appliances), all similar products in the infrared remote control, The same can control the frequency or coding, and no remote control signal "drop." This universal infrared remote control provides a great convenience. Infrared to visible light, is very subtle and confidentiality, therefore, the security, Alert and other security devices have been widely used. Infrared remote control is simple in structure and easy, low-cost, anti-interference capability, high reliability are a number of advantages, is a close-up remote control, especially in indoor remote control optimized manner.2.1.3 infrared diode characteristicsInfrared is not visible, people here are not aware of. Electronic technology is used infrared light emitting diode (also known as the IR emission diode) to generate infrared. Infrared remote control transceiver is using near-infrared transmission control instructions 0.76μm w avelength of ~ 1. 5μm. Near-infrared remote control as a light source, because there infrared light emitting diodes and infrared receiving device (photodiode. Transistor and PV) and the luminescence peak wavelength of light by the general 0.8μm ~ 0. 94μm. in the near-infrared band, both of the spectrum is the coincidence to a good match, access to higher transmission efficiency and higher reliability. Commonly used infrared diode, and its shape is similar LED light emitting diodes, Its basic circuit shown in figure 2 -2. The triode plans for the switch, when the base added a driving signal, Transistor saturated conduction infrared LED D is also Wizard Link, issued infrared (near infrared about 0.93 μm). D.The pressure drop of about 1.4 V and the current general for 10-20mA. To adapt to the working voltage of the D loop resistance often as a series of infrared diode current limit resistance.When the circuit diagram of the infrared emission control corresponding to the controlled device, the control of the distance and D is proportional to the transmitting power. In order to increase the distance of infrared control, infrared diode D should work on the pulse state that work is the lifeblood of current. Because pulse light (optical modulation) the effective transmission distance and pulse is proportional to the peak current, only maximize peak current Ip, will increase the infrared distance. Ip increase is a way to reduce the pulse duty cycle, that is compressed pulse width τ some TV infrared remote control, its infrared luminescence of the pulse duty cycle of about 1/4-1/3; Some electrical products infrared remote control, its duty cycle of 1 / 10. Decreasing pulse duty cycle also enable low-power infrared LED distance of the greatly increased. Common infrared light emitting diodes, power is divided into small power (1 mW - 10mW). Chinese power (20mW - 50mW) and power (50mW - 100mW more) three categories. Use different power infrared LED, the allocation should be driven by the corresponding power control. Figure 2 -2 by the reflected infrared light-emitting diodes to make produce optical modulation, Drivers only need to add the control of a certain frequency pulse voltage.Infrared transmitter and receiver in the way the two kinds of straight, and the second is reflective. Luminescence pointed straight pipe and tube receiver placed in a relatively controlled and fired on the two ends, a certain distance away from the middle; Reflective means luminescent tube and pipe parallel with the receiving peacetime, without always receiving tube light, luminescence only in possession of the infrared light reflected fromencountered, the receiving tube received from the reflected infrared before work.2.2 infrared communication basic tenets2.2.1 infrared communication PrincipleCommunication is the use of infrared wavelength of 900 nm-infrared waves from 1000 to serve as an information carrier, through infrared technology between the two close communication and confidentiality of information transmitted. Infrared communication system structure include : part launcher, channel, the receiver part.Launcher source letter issued after the binary signal from the high-frequency modulated infrared LED sent, receiving device regard the reception of high-frequency signals from the infrared receiver tube after receiving further demodulation photoelectric conversion of the original information of a mass communication lose way. Afterwards the former Information received after receiving part of the drive circuit connected to the expected completion of the various functions. To which the modulation coding style pulse width modulation (by changing the pulse width modulated signal PWM) and pulse modulation time (through change the pulse train interval time between the modulation signal PPM) two.2.2.2 infrared communication system elements(1) Launches : Currently there is a infrared wireless digital communications system sources of information including voice, data, images. Its methods of work for the launch of the receiver can be divided into different layout LOS way (Light-of-Sight , intracardiac way), diffuse (diffuse) mode. LOS way directional, it has good channel characteristics such advantages, but the existence of a "shadow" effect. difficult to achieve roaming function. Roaming means the main features of non-directional, and easy to implementroaming function, but its channel quality is better sometimes LOS way. Transmission of signals required for a few of (the sampling was quantified), the general need for baseband modulation, transmission, modulation, sometimes signal source coding, the above-driven signals from photoelectric converter complete optical signal transmission. Infrared wireless digital communications system and its scope of work-for-fired power distribution, the quality of the communication. While using various methods to improve optical transmitter power, the other using spatial diversity, holographic films and so on so diffuse light for the launch of space optical power evenly distributed.(2) Channel : infrared wireless digital communication channel refers to the transmitters and receivers in the space between. Due to natural light and artificial light sources such as light signals in the context of intervention, and the source - Electrical Equipment, The optical noise and disturbances, infrared wireless digital communications in some occasions, poor quality, At this point needed to channel coding. Infrared wireless communication system, the optical signal reflection, light scattering and background noise and interference effects, Infrared wireless digital channel presence multi-path interference and noise, This is to improve the quality and access for high-speed applications should be addressed. Infrared wireless digital communication channel often used by the major optical components, optical filter, condenser, their role is : plastic, filter, depending on the field transformation, the band division, the lens can be used as launch-ray focusing, the use of optical filters filter out stray light, the use of optical lenses to expand the field of view receiver, able to make use of optical components for the link frequency division multiplexing, etc.. Infrared wireless communication channel optical noise : the natural noise (sunlight) and anthropogenic interference (fluorescent lighting). can be modulated by the transmission technology such as filters and adding to be addressed.(3) receivers : Channel optical signal from the optical receiver partially photoelectric conversion, In order to remove noise and intersymbol interference and other functions. Infrared wireless digital communications system receiver include optical receiver parts and follow-up sampling, filtering, judgment, quantity, balanced and decoding part. Infrared wireless optical receiver often used amplifier, and called for large-bandwidth, high gain, low noise and low noise, frequency response and channel impulse response matched. To be suppressed by low-frequency noise and human disturbance needs a band-pass filter. To obtain large optical receiver scope and instantaneous field of view, often using spherical optical lens.2.2.3 infrared communications featureWireless communications are a lot of ways, some using infrared communication with the following characteristics :• The high frequency, wave length, and fired the energy concentrated space propagation attenuation coefficient can ensure the effective signal transmission;• infrared is the invisible light, strong confidentiality and use it as an information carrier. device when there is no visual pollution, it does no harm to the human body;• dissemination without limitation, and there is no question of frequency interference with radio-wave pattern, not on the spectrum resources to the relevant authorities for the application and registration, easy to implement;• has a good point, when the transmission equipment and infrared receiver ports line up straight, deviation of not more than about 15 degrees when infrared devices running the best effect;• through infrared or not bypassed and objects, data transmission, optical path can not be blocked;• currently produce and receive infrared signals in the technology is relatively mature, components small size, low cost production of simple, easy to produce and modulation advantages.2.3 infrared communication code based on the knowledgeUsually, infrared remote control transmitters will signal (pulse binary code) modulation at 38 KHz carrier, After buffer amplified sent to the infrared light-emitting diodes, infrared signals into firing away. Pulse binary code in a variety of formats. One of the most commonly used code is PWM (pulse width modulation code) and the PPM code (Pulse Code Modulation). The former said in a pulse width, pulse indicated 0. The latter pulse width, but the width of code-not the same, the codes represent a bit - and the digits represent narrow 0.Remote coding pulse signal (PPM code as an example) are usually guided by the code, the system code, the anti-code system, a feature code, functional anti-code signal components. Guide the code name for the initial code, by the width of 9 ms and the margin width of 4.5 ms to the low-level components (different remote control systems in the low-level high width of a certain distinction), remote coding used to mark the beginning of pulsed signals. System identification code is also called code, which used to indicate the type of remote control system, in order to distinguish other remote-control system, prevent the remote control system malfunction. Functional code is also called scripts, which represents the corresponding control functions, Receiver of the micro-controller functions under the numerical code to complete the various functions operating. Anti-code system and function codes are anti-system code and the functional code against code Anti-code can be joined to the receiver synchronization transmission process leads to errors. In order to improve performance and reduce interference power consumption, The remote control will be coded pulse frequency of 38 KHz (for the cycle of 26.3 ms) of the carrier signal pulse reshuffle system (PAM), and then sentto the buffer amplified infrared LED, the remote control signal transmitter away.Address code and data codes are composed of different pulse width expressed that the two narrow pulse "0"; 2 pulse width "1"; a narrow pulse width and pulse expressed an "F" is the code addresses "vacant."Is the first part of a group a group of code, each code synchronization between separated. The plan is to enlarge the second half of a group code : a code from 12 AD (the address code plus data code For example, eight address code plus four data code), each with two AD-Pulse's : Pulse said the two "0"; 2 pulse width "1"; a narrow pulse width and pulse expressed an "F" is the code addresses "vacant."Realize fired at each fired at least four groups code, PT2272 only twice in a row to detect the same address code plus data code data will be the code "1" is driven The data should be output to drive margin and VT terminal for synchronous serial.红外遥控系统摘要红外数据通信技术是目前在世界范围内被广泛使用的一种无线连接技术,被众多的硬件和软件平台所支持。

电子信息工程专业英语 课文翻译 Unit 17 译文

电子信息工程专业英语 课文翻译 Unit 17 译文

Unit 17 计算机和网络Unit 17-1第一部分:计算机的进展计算机和信息技术的进展计算机和信息技术的诞生可以追溯到许多世纪以前。

数学的发展引起了计算工具的发展。

据说17世纪法国的Blaise Pascal构建了第一台计算机。

在19世纪,常被推崇为计算之父的英国人Charles Babbage设计了第一台“分析机”。

该机器有一个机械的计算“工厂”,类似于19世纪早期的提花织布机,采用穿孔卡片来存储数字和处理要求。

Ada Lovelace和他(Charles Babbage)致力于设计并提出了指令序列的概念——程序。

到1871年Babbage逝世,这台机器还没有完成。

将近一个世纪以后,随着电子机械计算机的发展(程序)这一概念再次出现。

1890年,Herman Hollerith采用穿孔卡片帮助美国人口普查局分类信息。

与此同时,电报电话的发明为通信和真空管的发展奠定了基础。

这一电子器件能够用于存储二进制形式的信息,即开或关,1或0。

第一台数字电子计算机ENIAC(电子计数积分计算机,见图17.1)是为美国军队开发的,并于1946年完成。

普林斯顿的数学教授V on Neumann对(程序)这一概念作了进一步深入的研究,加入了存储计算机程序的思想。

这就是存储在计算机内存中的指令序列,计算机执行这些指令完成程序控制的任务。

图17.1 ENIAC:第一台数字化电子计算机从这一阶段开始,计算机和计算机编程技术迅速发展。

从真空管发展到晶体管,大大减小了机器(计算机)的尺寸和成本,并提高了可靠性。

接着,集成电路技术的出现又减小了计算机的尺寸(和成本)。

20世纪60年代,典型的计算机是基于晶体管的机器,价值50万美金,并需要一个大空调房和一名现场工程师。

现在相同性能的计算机只要2000做芯片的单个集成电路来实现。

微处理器和微型计算机的发展微型计算机随着集成电路(或芯片)技术的发展而发展。

这一技术使得计算机逻辑被“烧入”芯片层中。

电子信息工程本科毕业中英文翻译

电子信息工程本科毕业中英文翻译

英语原文:Life of LED-Based White Light SourcesThe interest for using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) for display and illumination applications has been growing steadily over the past few years. The potential for long life and reduced energy use are two key attributes of this rapidly evolving technology that have generated so much interest for its use in the above mentioned applications. Traditionally, the lamp life of light sources commonly used in illumination applications is determined by subjecting them to a predetermined on/off cycle until half the number of light sources cease to produce light. Unlike these sources, LEDs rarely fail catastrophically; instead, their light output slowly degrades over time. Even if an LED is technically operating and producing light, at some point the amount of light produced by the LED will be insufficient for the intended application. Therefore, the life of an LED should be based on the amount of time that the device can produce sufficient light for the intended application,rather than complete failure. Based on this argument, a recent publication from an industry group defines the life of an LED device or system for use in general lighting applications as the operating time, in hours, for the light output to reach 70% of its initial value.The most widely used white LEDs incorporate a layer of phosphor over a GaN-based, short-wavelength light emitter. Usually, the phosphor is embedded inside an epoxy resin that surrounds the LED die. Some portion of the short-wavelength radiation emitted by the LED is down-converted by the phosphor, and the combined radiation creates white light.Early white LEDs were packaged similar to the indicator-style colored LEDs, specifically 5 mm and SMD (surface mount devices). Although these products demonstrated the concept of a white light source, they did not produce sufficient light for display and illumination applications. Furthermore, these indicator-style white LEDs had a relatively short life, 5000–10 000h to reach 70% light level under normal operating conditions. To address the higher luminous flux requirements, manufacturers have started to commercialize high-power illuminator LEDs that are presently producing over one hundred times the flux compared to indicator-style white LEDs. The higher light output isachieved by using larger dies, higher drive currents,and improved heat extraction methods. In addition,some manufacturers are using better encapsulants to improve the life of white LEDs.There are several studies that have investigated the aging mechanisms of GaN-based LEDs. During the 1990s,Barton et al. investigated the degradation of GaN-based blue LEDs and showed that light output reduction over time occurred primarily due to the yellowing of the epoxy surrounding the die. In 2001, Narendran et al. observed that indicator-style white LED packages degraded very rapidly, with the LEDs reaching the 50% light output level within 6000 h. In that same study, it was shown that the chromaticity values of the white LEDs shifted toward yellow over time, and it was speculated that the yellowing of the epoxy was the main cause for light output degradation. Therefore, based on past studies,the primary reason for the degradation of indicator-style white LED packages is the yellowing of the epoxy that is caused by excessive heat at the p-n-junction of the LED. Some of the newer illuminator-style white LEDs use encapsulant materials that have lower photodegradation characteristics,and therefore have a lower degradation rate. However, there are factors such as the degradation of the die attaché epoxy, discoloration of the metal reflectors and the lead wires, and degradation of the semiconducting element that are influenced by heat, and these all contribute to the overall degradation of the white LED. Although the newer high-power white LEDs would have a lower degradation rate compared to the early indicator-style devices, it is the heat at the p-n-junction that most influences the degradation. The heat at the p-n-junction is caused by the ambient temperature and the ohmic heating at the bandgap.As stated earlier, long life is one key feature of LED technology that has attracted so many end-use communities. To benefit from the long-life feature, it is the final system that has to operate for a long time, not just the individual LED. As noted in past studies, heat at the p-n-junction is one of the key factors that determine the life of the white LED. Therefore, if systems are not properly designed with good thermal managemen techniques, even if they use long-life white LEDs the life of the final system would be short. Developing the relationship between junction temperature and life would be very usefulfor producing long-life systems.Although there are different methods available for estimating the junction temperature of LEDs, they are not very convenient,especially once the LEDs are integrated into a system . Furthermore, these methods are not direct; consequently, they are prone to erroneous results. Alternatively, it is much more convenient and direct to measure the heat at a location external to the LED package that is sufficiently close to the junction and where a temperature sensor can be directly attached. The temperature of this point should have a good relationship to the junction temperature. The point where a temperature sensor can be attached for this measurement could be the lead wire (cathode side) for the indicator-style LEDs and the board for high-power LEDs. Most manufacturers can recommend such a point,and we refer to this as the T-point in this manuscript.Since white LEDs in the marketplace are packaged differently, their ability to transfer heat from the die to the surrounding environment is different from product to product. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that different products have different degradation rates as a function of heat. A graph that shows the life of the LED as a function of T-point temperature is extremely useful for system manufacturers to build reliable, long-lasting systems. By knowing how much impact heat has on the degradation rate or life of the LED, the system manufacturer can select components and drive parameters, including the amount of heat sink and drive current, for a product being designed for a given application.Therefore, the objective of the study presented in this manuscript was to investigate the relationship between the T-point temperature and life of a white LED. A second objective was to understand the degradation rate of different high-power white LED products presently available in the marketplace.To understand the relationship between the T-point temperature and life, one type of high-power white LED that is commonly available in the marketplace was selected. Several of these LEDs were subjected to a life test under different ambient temperatures. The details of the experimental setup are described in the following paragraphs.Because the different LED arrays have to operate at a particular ambient temperature, the arrays were placed inside specially designed, individual life-test chambers. The test chambers had two different functions: 1) to keep the ambient temperature constant for the LED arrays and 2) to act as light-integrating boxes for measuring light output. Each individual LED array was mounted at the center of the inside top surface of a life-test chamber. A photodiode attached to the center of the left panel continuously measured the light output.A small white baffle placed over the photodiode shielded it from the direct light, allowing only the reflected light to reach the photodiode. A resistance temperature detector placed on top of the baffle measured the chamber’s ambient temperature and controlled the heater that provided the necessary heat to the chamber through a temperature controller. The temperature in-side the box remained within ±1℃.The heater was attached to a raised aluminum plate with a matte-white cover that sat on the chamber floor. The temperature was estimated using a J-type thin wire thermocouple soldered to the T-point of white LED. For each chamber, an external LED driver controlled the current flow through the LEDs. All life-test were placed inside a temperature-controlled room. The life-test chambers were staggered vertically and horizontally to ensure that heat rising from the bottom chambers did not affect the chambers above them.The results of this study underscore the importance of packaging white LEDs using proper thermal management to maintain light output, and thereby extend system life. Heat at the p-n-junction is one of the main factors that affect the life of white LEDs. Therefore, knowing the relationship between life and heat would be very useful for manufacturers who are interested in developing reliable, long-lasting systems.Results from the first experiment—conducted under various ambient temperatures to understand the relationship between T-point temperature and life—indicate that life decreases with increasing temperature in an exponential manner. Results from the second experiment—conducted to understand how different commercial white LEDs perform under identical operating conditions—show a large variation in life among the different packages, indicating that the packages used different heat extraction techniques and materials.As part of ongoing research, we hope to further investigate how the different commercial LEDs are affected by heat and finally develop a family of curves that illustrate the relationship between life and T-point temperature for the different products.中文翻译:基于LED的白色光源的寿命在过去几年中利用发光二极管(led)显示和作为照明应用的技术一直在稳步增长。

电子信息工程专业课程翻译中英文对照表

电子信息工程专业课程翻译中英文对照表
电子信息工程专业课程名称中英文翻译对照
(2009级培养计划)
课群
课程中文名称
课程英文名称
备注
数学

自然
科学
课群
高等数学
AdvancedMathematics
大学物理
CollegePhysics
线性代数
LinearAlgeቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱra
复变函数与积分变换
FunctionsofComplexVariableandIntegralTransforms
光纤通信技术(双语)
OpticalFiberCommunicationTechnology
实践环节翻译
实践环节翻译
军训及新生入学教育
MilitarySkillsTrainingandFreshmenEducation
模拟电子技术课程设计
CoursePracticeforAnalogElectronic
信息论基础
FundamentalsofInformationTheory
信号与线性系统
SignalsandLinearSystems
微机原理与接口技术
MicrocomputerPrinciplesandInterfaceTechnology








马克思主义基本原理
FundamentalsofMarxism
生产实习
ProductivePractice
毕业设计(论文)
GraduationThesis
现代通信技术
ModernCommunicationsTechnology
DSP原理及应用
PrinciplesandApplicationsofDSP

电子行业-电子信息工程专业英语翻译清华出版社EnglishforITandEE02 精品

电子行业-电子信息工程专业英语翻译清华出版社EnglishforITandEE02 精品

because it is composed of a sandwich of N-P-N doped silicon.
When a small current is injected into the base terminal, a
查阅大学化学书中的元素周期表, 你会查到半导体是介于金属与非金 属之间的一类元素。
6
1
They are called semiconductors because of their ability to behave as both metals and nonmetals. A semiconductor can be made to conduct electricity like a metal or to insulate as a nonmetal does. These differing electrical properties can be accurately controlled by mixing the semiconductor with small amounts of other elements.
flip-flop触发器,双稳态多谐振荡器 die印模,模子
silicon 硅
valve阀
phosphorous 磷的
insulate绝缘,隔离
bipolar 有两极的,双极的
doping掺杂(质)
base基极
germanium锗
emitter发射极
boron硼
drain漏极
field-effect场效应
9
2
This figure shows both the silicon structures of these elements

电子信息工程专业英语英译汉翻译

电子信息工程专业英语英译汉翻译

1 The transistor is what started the evolution of the modern computer industry in motion.晶体管开启了现代电脑工业的革命2 The storage cell only requires one capacitor and one transistor, whereas a flip-flop connected in an array requires 6 transistors.存储单元仅需要一个电容和晶体管,并而不像触发器整列那样需要6个晶体管3 There has been a never ending series of new op amps released each year since then, and their performance and reliability has improved to the point where present day op amps can be used for analog applications by anybody.从此以后每年都有新系列的运放发布,他们的性能和可靠性得到了提升,如今任何人都能用运放来设计模拟电路。

4 This is capable of very high speed conversion and thus can accommodate high sampling rates, but in its basic form is very power hungry.它具有高速转换能力,从而能适应高速采样速率,但它的基本形式非常耗电。

5 During the “on” period , energy is being stored within the core material of the inductor in the form of flux.在”on”阶段,能量以涌浪形式存储在电感的核芯材料里面6 The design goal of frequency synthesizers is to replace multiple oscillators in a system, and hence reduce board space and cost.频率合成器的设计目标是取代系统中多个振荡器,从而减小板卡面积和成本。

专业英语(电子与信息工程类)翻译

专业英语(电子与信息工程类)翻译

1.As data networks advanced…also grew more complex.由于数据网络从面向终端的系统向分组交换、计算机与计算机连接的方向发展, 执行网络功能所必需的协议也变得愈来愈复杂。

2.An additional bit called a parity bit…during transmission.在每个字符的后面有时还包括一个称为奇偶校验位的附加位, 它们测试数据位在传输过程中是否被意外改变。

3.As already stated, with…downlink(FDD paired bands).如前所述, 在非对称通信量应用中, TD-SCDMA利用可用频谱的效率比其他3G标准高, 因为它在只利用一个频带(TDD单一频带)而不是两个独立的频带(FDD成对频带)进行上行与下行通信。

4.Although often simpler to implement, …digital modulation.虽然光纤系统的模拟调制易于实现, 但其效率较低, 且要求在接收端有比数字调制高得多的信噪比。

5.At present, the bandwidth…electronics ()is possible.目前传输100km的几吉赫兹的调制信号和传输300km的几百兆赫兹的调制信号都是可能的, 因此光纤系统的可用带宽并没有得到充分利用。

6.Both TD-SCDMA deployments-TSD…unpaired bands awarded.TD-SCDMA的两种部署——TSM和TDDCLR的数据速率、频谱利用率、覆盖率、移动性和可靠性等性能是一样的, 并基本上为所有取得非成对TDD频段牌照的运营商所采用。

7.Crossbar sw itching was carried…selection for all calls.纵横制交换由一个称为标志器的特定电路控制, 标志器提供整个号码的公共控制并选择所有呼叫的路由。

电子信息工程专业英语翻译清华出版社EnglishforITandEE03

电子信息工程专业英语翻译清华出版社EnglishforITandEE03

will experience a force (in a similar way that planets
experience a force in the gravitational field of the Sun). If
电子信息工程专业英语 翻译清华出版社
EnglishforITandEE03
2020/11/27
电子信息工程专业英语翻译清华出版 社EnglishforITandEE03
Unit 3
EM Fields, Antenna and Microwaves
电子信息工程专业英语翻译清华出版 社EnglishforITandEE03
two locations. For instance, the metal atoms in a radio
transmitter appear to transfer energy continuously. This view
is useful to a certain extent (radiation of low frequency), but
Part I
Electromagnetic Field
电子信息工程专业英语翻译清华出版 社EnglishforITandEE03
New Words
vicinity 邻近,附近 charge 电荷 photon 光子 atom 原子 catastrophe 大灾难,大祸 emission 发射,散发 incident 入射的 electrodynamics 电动力学 gravitational 重力的
•随着时间的推移,人们认识到 电场和磁场是电磁场这一整体 的两个部分。
电子信息工程专业英语翻译清华出版 社EnglishforITandEE03

电子信息工程专业课程翻译中英文对照表

电子信息工程专业课程翻译中英文对照表
无线局域网
Wireless Local Area Networks
计算机网络组网技术
Computer Network Con struct ion Tech no logy
现代通信网
Moder n Communi cati on Networks
计算机网络安全
Computer Networks Security
大学生职业生涯策划
(就业指导)
Career Pla nning (Guida nee of Employme nt )
专题学术讲座
Opti onal Course Lecture
科技文献写作
Sci-tech Docume nt Writi ng
专 业 平 台
课 群
高频电子线路
High-Freque ncy Electro nic Circuits
检测与转换技术
Signal Detect ion and Conversion Tech no logy
智能仪器
In tellige nt In strume nt Desig n
自动控制原理
Automatic Con trol Systems
计算机 网络工 程模块
无线传感器网络
Wireless Sen sor Networks
电子信息工程专业课程名称中英文翻译对照
(பைடு நூலகம்
课群
课程中文名称
课程英文名称
备注
数学 与 自然 科学 课群
高等数学
Adva need Mathematics
大学物理
College Physics
线性代数
Lin ear Algebra
复变函数与积分变换

电子信息工程专业英语 课文翻译 Unit 02 译文

电子信息工程专业英语 课文翻译 Unit 02 译文

Unit 2 集成电路Unit 2-1第一部分:集成电路数字逻辑和电子电路由称为晶体管的电子开关得到它们的(各种)功能。

粗略地说,晶体管好似一种电子控制阀,由此加在阀一端的能量可以使能量在另外两个连接端之间流动。

通过多个晶体管的组合就可以构成数字逻辑模块,如与门和触发电路等。

而晶体管是由半导体构成的。

查阅大学化学书中的元素周期表,你会查到半导体是介于金属与非金属之间的一类元素。

它们之所以被叫做半导体是由于它们表现出来的性质类似于金属和非金属。

可使半导体像金属那样导电,或者像非金属那样绝缘。

通过半导体和少量其它元素的混合可以精确地控制这些不同的电特性,这种混合技术称之为“半导体掺杂”。

半导体通过掺杂可以包含更多的电子(N型)或更少的电子(P型)。

常用的半导体是硅和锗,N型硅半导体掺入磷元素,而P型硅半导体掺入硼元素。

不同掺杂的半导体层形成的三明治状夹层结构可以构成一个晶体管,最常见的两类晶体管是双极型晶体管(BJT)和场效应晶体管(FET),图2.1给出了它们的图示。

图中给出了这些晶体管的硅结构,以及它们用于电路图中的符号。

BJT是NPN晶体管,因为由N—P—N掺杂硅三层构成。

当小电流注入基极时,可使较大的电流从集电极流向发射极。

图示的FET是N沟道的场效应型晶体管,它由两块被P型基底分离的N型组成。

将电压加在绝缘的栅极上时,可使电流由漏极流向源极。

它被叫做N沟道是因为栅极电压诱导基底上的N通道,使电流能在两个N区域之间流动。

图2.1所示的另一个基本的半导体结构是二极管,由N型和P型硅连接而成的结组成。

二极管的作用就像一个单向阀门,由于电流只能从P流向N。

可以构建一些特殊二极管,在加电压时可以发光,这些器件非常合适地被叫做发光二极管或LED。

这种小灯泡数以百万计地被制造出来,有各种各样的应用,从电话机到交通灯。

半导体材料上制作晶体管或二极管所形成的小芯片用塑料封装以防损伤和被外界污染。

在这封装里一些短线连接半导体夹层和从封装内伸出的插脚以便与(使用该晶体管的)电路其余部分连接。

电子信息工程专业英语 课文翻译 Unit 04 译文

电子信息工程专业英语 课文翻译 Unit 04 译文

Unit 4 通信和信息论Unit 4-1第一部分:远程通信远程通信是远距离通信的信号传输,在现代,通常这个过程需要电子发射机发射电磁波,但是在早期远程通信包括使用烟火信号,鼓或旗语或日光仪。

今天,远程通信很普遍的,助推这一过程的设备如电视,无线电和电话在世界的许多地区都已很普遍。

还有连接这些设备的许多网络,包括计算机网络,公共电话网,无线电网和电视网络。

互联网上的计算机通信是众多通信的一个例子。

通信系统通常由通信工程师设计。

在这个领域中早期的发明家有Alexander Graham Bell, Guglielmo Marconi 和John Logie Baird。

通信在当今的世界经济发展中起着举足轻重的作用,通信产业的税收在世界总产值的比例已接近百分之三。

基本要素每个通信系统包括三个基本要素:采集信息并能将其转换为信号的发射机,传输信号的传输媒介,接收信号并能将其还原为有用信息的接收机。

考虑一个无线电广播的例子。

广播塔是发射机,收音机是接收机,传输媒介是自由空间。

通常通信系统都是双向的,一个设备既做发射机又做接收机,即收发器。

例如,移动手机就是一个收发器。

电话线上的通信称为点对点通信,因为只在一个发射机和一个接收机之间。

通过无线电广播的通信称为广播(一对多)通信,因为通信是在一个大功率的发射机和许多接收机之间。

模拟或数字信号可以是模拟的,也可以是数字的。

在模拟信号中,信号根据信息而连续变化。

在数字信号信息被编码为一组离散值(如,1和0)。

在传输过程中,模拟信号中的信息会因噪声而退化。

相反,只要噪声不超过一定的阈值,数字信号中的信息是不会丢失的。

这是数字信号相对于模拟信号一个关键的优点。

网络网络是由一个相互通信的发射机、接收机或收发机的集合。

数字网络由一个或多个路由器组成,路由器正确地将数据发送给用户。

模拟网路由一个或多个交换器组成,交换器在两个或多个用户间建立连接。

这两种网络都需要中继器,用于远距离传输时的放大或重建信号。

电子信息工程专业英语 课文翻译 Unit 14 译文

电子信息工程专业英语 课文翻译 Unit 14 译文

Unit 14 远程医疗和生物医学信号处理Unit 14-1第一部分:远程医疗远程医疗可以简单到两名医务工作者通过电话讨论病情,或者复杂到通过卫星技术和视频会议系统在两个不同国家的医学专家之间进行实时的医疗咨询。

同时这种医疗也包含使用无人操纵的机器人。

通常,远程医疗指的是通过通信和信息技术来进行临床保健。

远程服务(也称为缺席服务)是一项古老的业务,通常通过通告来实现;缺席医疗服务具有漫长而成功的历史,由于有了现代通信技术,它已发展成为现在我们所了解的现代远程医疗。

在其早期的表现中,非洲的村民们使用烟作为信号警告人们离开村庄,避免严重的疾病。

在20世纪初,生活在澳大利亚偏僻地区的人们用由自行车踏板驱动的发电机提供能源的双向无线电来与澳洲皇家飞行医生服务进行通信。

有时,电子保健和远程保健这些概念会和远程医疗混淆起来。

就像医疗和保健两个词有所不同一样,远程医疗通常仅指提供临床服务,而远程保健可以指临床和非临床的服务,后者如医学教育、行政管理和研究。

电子保健这个概念特别在英国和欧洲通常是一个总括词,包含远程保健、电子医疗记录、和其他保健信息技术中的元素。

远程医疗的类型远程医疗基于两个概念来实行:实时(同步)和保存并转发(异步)。

实时远程医疗可以像电话那样简单,也可以像机器人外科那样复杂。

它的实现需要双方同时在线,并在他们之间有通信连接,允许实时交互发生。

电话会议设备就是当前同步远程医疗中运用最广泛的类型之一。

另外还有外部设备可以接到计算机或视频会议设备上,在交互检查中提供帮助。

就好比,远程耳镜可以让远方的医师“观察”病人耳中情况,而远程听诊器可以让咨询医师听到病人的心跳。

有助于这种咨询的医学专科包含精神病学、内科医学、康复学、心脏病学、小儿科学、妇产科学以及神经学。

保存并转发的远程医疗包含获取医学数据(如医学图像、生物医学信号等等),然后在方便的时候将这些数据发送给估计不在线的医生或医学专家。

该方式不需要双方同时在线。

电子信息类专业英语翻译

电子信息类专业英语翻译

1.This electron beam sweeps across each line at a uniform rate,then flies back to scan another line directly below the previous one and so on,until the horizontal lines into which it is desired to break or split the picture have been scanned in the desired sequence.电子束以均匀的速率扫描每一行,然后飞速返回去扫描下一行,直到把被扫描的图像按所希望的顺序分割成行。

2.The technical possibilities could well exist,therefore,of nation-wide integrated transmission network of high capacity,controlled by computers,interconnected globally by satellite and submarine cable,providing speedy and reliable communications throughout the word因此,在技术上完全可能实现全国性的集成发送网络。

这种网络容量大,由计算机控制,并能通过卫星和海底电缆实现全球互联,提供世界范围的高速、可靠的通信。

3.Transit time is the primary factor which limits the ability of a transistor to operate at high frequency.渡越时间是限制晶体管高频工作能力的主要因素4.The intensity of sound is inversely proportional to the square of the distance measured from the source of the sound.声强与到声源的距离的平方成反比。

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电子动力转向系统
电子动力转向系统是什么?
电子动力转向系统是通过一个电动机来驱动动力方向盘液压泵或直接驱动转向联动装置。

电子动力转向的功能由于不依赖于发动机转速,所以能节省能源电子动力转向系统是怎么运行?:
传统的动力方向盘系统使用一条引擎辅助传送带驾驶气泵,提供操作在动力方向盘齿轮或作动器的一个活塞协助驱动的被加压的流体。

在电动液压的控制,一个电子动力方向盘包括一台电动机控制的一个高效率泵浦。

由一个电控制器调控泵浦压力和流速来控制泵浦的速度,为不同的驾驶路况的提供转向。

泵浦可以在汽车行驶低速时关闭以提供节能(在当代的世界市场上)。

电动控制转向使用电动机通过齿轮齿条机构直接连接以达到转向控制(无泵或液体)。

多个电机驱动器和多驱动控制的实现是可能的。

一个微处理器控制转向动态和驱动的工作。

输入因子包括车速,转向,车轮扭矩,角度位置和转率。

工作运行时的具体细节:
“转向传感器”位于变速箱体的输入轴,提供输入信号。

转向传感器实际上是在一个两位一体的传感器:“扭矩传感器”把转换指点扭矩输入和它的方向成电压信号,同时“自转传感器”转换转动速度和方向成电压信号。

共用一个箱体的“接口”电路把扭矩传感器和自转传感器的信号转换成控制电子电路可处理的信号。

从指点传感器的输入由那微处理器的控制单元消化也监测从车速传感器的输入。

传感器输入然后被比较确定多少机械化根据一张被预编程序的“力量地图”需要在控制单元的记忆。

控制单元然后派出适当的命令对然后供给电动机以潮流的“电源装置”。

马达推挤机架在右边或左边根据哪个方式电压流动(扭转潮流扭转方向马达旋转)。

增加潮流对马达增加功率的协助。

系统有三种操作方式:左边或右边机械化提供以回应从指点扭矩和自转传感器的输入的输入的“正常”控制方式;被用于在完成轮以后协助指点回归的“回归”控制方式; 并且改变与车速改进路感受和挫伤佣金的“更加潮湿的”控制方式。

如果方向盘被转动,并且举行在充分锁位置和指点协助到达最大值,控制单元使潮流降低到电动机防止也许损坏马达的超载情况。

控制单元也被设计保护马达以防止电压浪涌免受一个有毛病的交流发电机或充电的问题。

电子转向控制单位有能力在自我诊断的缺点通过监测系统输入和产品和电动机的激励电流上。

如果问题发生,控制单元通过开动在电源装置的一个故障自动保险的中转关闭系统。

这消灭所有机械化,造成系统恢复回到手工指点。

破折号警告灯也被阐明警告司机。

要诊断问题,技术员跳服务检查连接器的终端并且读出问题代码。

汽车电动助力转向系统减重承诺、燃料储蓄和包装的灵活性,在没有任何成本惩罚。

欧洲的高油价和较小的车辆使肥沃的试验台电动舵机、技术的汽车制造商重量轻点的承诺和燃油经济收益。

从而在短时间内、电动转向将使它到美国了。

“这只是一个时间的问题,只是说主任,研究和开发转向系统德尔福在密歇根州,。

“问题是成本,那是过去了。

到2002年在美国汽车电动助力转向的成本完全可以洗一洗。


今天,电动和车辆(),包括丰田普锐斯和通用的1,完美的域名电动转向。

但是到2010年,集团公司内部研究报告估计,每天有三个世界生产的汽车将配备某种形式的转向。

克利夫兰的供应商声称其新的转向系统可以提高燃油经济性的2哩,同时还要加强处理。

真正的底线的效益,为汽车厂商降低整体成本和减少安装时间,由于不需要泵、软管、液体。

另一个优点是缩短声称开发时间。

比如,一个研究团队德尔菲,一个软件包,可以跑一台笔记本电脑。

“他们可以把电脑和为它插上电源,将它贴附到控制器和改变所有的处理参数——努力水平、阻尼——在飞,”说。

“它用来花上好几个月。

“德尔福已一客户应该会收取少许,生产99年。

电动转向单位通常被放置在一个三个职位和。

这系统将成为一种标准尚不清楚。

短期内,原始设备制造商将选择转向系统是最容易融入现有的平台。

显然,更大的潜力来源于设计成一个全新的系统平台。

“我们都在考虑三种设计方案说:“赫尔曼患病,集团副总裁科转向系统在 ,德国。

“这是市场和哪个版本的最后将被使用,制造的。

“大型制造商都抓住他们考虑一个核心技术”,解释詹姆斯方便的两侧,天合副总裁,电动辅助转向英镑的高度,自我。

他的公司提供的一个公事包的电动转向系统(混合动力,架-,齿轮-,和)。

最初集中在天合仍然认为是最纯洁的技术解决方案——电动转向系统。

这个系统是有时指作为直接开车或球/螺母驱动。

仍然,这个冬天天合对冲其打赌,形成一个合资企业。

英国供应商收到了5000万美元,以换取其电气转向技术,集。

初始生产于2000年在英国伯明翰柱和齿轮驱动电动转向系统有望。

1995年,根据中,传统液压动力转向系统是在7596年的全球汽车市场份额。

如果电动转向真正起飞,3700万年消耗大约1000万加仑汽车池在液压流体可能是多余的。

本发明涉及一种这种电动驱动提供援助汽车转向动力机制。

根据本发明的一
个方面,提供了一个这种电动驱动机理提供援助车辆动力转向机构有一个手动可操作转向机构成员,激励机制包括扭矩传感器感应力矩可被应用于可手动成员,一个这种电动驱动电机连接到会员和控制器可设置控制的速度和方向驱动电机的旋转响应信号接收的扭矩传感器、转矩传感器包括一个传感器轴适合连接,形成一个可扩展成员都使扭矩传感器传播说轴在会员可手动旋转和应变规轴安装在传感器产生一个信号指示的金额被传输扭矩轴通过说。

最好是传感器安装在一个轴轴向结束在第一个成员耦合轴安装在其反面结束在第二个耦合成员,第一和第二耦合成员被允许有限的旋转使转矩与下一个预定的限制是通过传感器,只使扭矩轴上述预定的限制是传播第一和第二耦合的成员。

现在,动力转向系统已成为一些轿车的标准设置,全世界约有一半的轿车采用动力转向。

随着汽车电子技术的发展,目前一些轿车已经使用电动助力转向器,使汽车的经济性、动力性和机动性都有所提高。

电动助力转向装置是汽车上一种新的助力转向系统装置,近年来在国内外发展迅速,由于它采用了可编程电子控制装置,在带来灵活性的同时也存在着安全隐患.在分析这种产品特殊性的基础上,笔者结合电子控制装置的特点,指出了事关安全性的因素,提出了处理安全性的措施,并讨论了几个事关安全性的具体问题.研究结果表明:现有标准不能够满足电动助力转向装置安全性的需要;并提出了对电动助力转向装置进行安全性测评的思想.研究工作对电动助力转向装置的开发以及评价具有参考意义。

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