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英语语法入门 2009年成人本科学位英语串讲讲义（二）

2009年成人本科学位英语串讲讲义（一）英语语法 2009-03-19 09:03:43 阅读8087 评论0

字号：大中小订阅成人英语三级串讲讲义

赵文通

一、时态和语态

1. 如何解答时态问题

例1：You’ve already missed too many classes this term. You ______ just last

week.

A. missed

B. would miss

C. had missed

D. have missed

例2：Anne asked Tom ______ the key.

A. when he left

B. where he had left

C. how he left

D. why did he left

考试重点：

2. 与完成时有关的时态

★现在完成时 (have done) since, for/ in the past few months, up to now

例1：Collecting toy cars as a hobby becomes increasingly popular during the past fifty years.

A B C D

例2：English ______ in a new way at my college in the past few years.

A. has been taught

B. was being taught

C. has been taught

D. had been taught.

★过去完成时 (had done)

例3：Anne asked Tom ______ the key.

A. when he left

B. where he had left

C. how he left

D. why did he left

例4：The chemistry class_____ for five minutes when we hurried there.

A. had been on

B. had begun

C. has been on

D. would began

★将来完成时 (will have done) by

例5：We’re late I expect the film_____ by the time we get to the cinema.

A. had already started

B. have already

C. will already have started

D. have already been started.

★现在完成进行时 (have been doing)

例6：It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take the machine apart to put it right.

A. had leaked

B. is leaking

C. leaked

D. has been leaking

★过去完成进行时 (had been doing)

★将来完成进行时(will have been doing )

例7：By the time you arrive this evening, _______for two hours.

A. I will study

B. I will have been studied

C. I had studied

D. I will have been studying.

3. 在时间和条件状语从句中不用将来时态

▲用一般现在时代替一般将来时

例1：When the mixture_____, it will give off a powerful force.

A. will heat

B. will be heated

C. is heated

D. has heated

例2：please be sure to telephone me the next time you ______.

A. will come

B. would come

C. shall come

D. come

▲用现在完成时代替将来完成时

例3：Smith is to study medicine as soon as he_______ military service.

A. will finish

B. has finished

C. finish

D. would finish

注意：

例4：No one can be sure if the car on display fits him or her until he or

she______ them.

A. tries

B. will try

C. are trying

D. have tried

4. 考试小窍门

◆考试中如果遇到与完成时态相关的选项，要重点加以研读，一般说来是正确答案。

二、情态动词

1. 几个情态动词的否定式的含义

can’t

may not

mustn’t

need’t

2. 表示推测的几个情态动词用法

★must表示肯定的推测，意思是“一定”

+do 对现在情况的推测

must

+have done 对过去情况的推测

例1：I ________ asleep in the corner, for I remember nothing of what happened during the night.

A. might fall

B. must fall

C. must have fallen

D. can have fallen

★ can’t/could’t表示否定的推测，意思是“不可能”

+do 对现在情况的推测

can’t/couldn’t

+have done 对过去情况的推测