Chapter 3 练习题
九年级英语 9A Chapter 3 同步验收练习题 上海牛津版
某某牛津9A Chapter 3 同步验收练习题Part 2 Vocabulary and Grammar (第二部分词汇和语法)V. Choose the best answer (选择最恰当的答案)（共26分）31. I want to borrow a book _________ science.A. aboutB. onC. forD. in32. A desk ________ wood.A. makes fromB. is made fromC. is made ofD. is made up of33. Jim, take this coat _______ you. It’s cold outside.A. withB. afterC. onD. for34. Some animals can see clearly in the __________.A. darkB. dayC. blackD. darkness35. Lucy ________ to the post office. She’ll be back soon.A. has beenB. has goneC. have beenD. have gone36. After a battle, he was the only soldier ________.A. liveB. livelyC. livingD. alive37. He hasn’t finished the work _________.A. everB. neverC. yetD. already38. We bought five apples _________.A. onceB. at onceC. at oneD. at a time39. Tom went upstairs again to _________ the door was locked.A. be sureB. make sureC. surelyD. be sure of40. We have known each other _________ he came here.A. sinceB. forC. whenD. so41. They all have been to the Great Wall _________ Mr Johnson.A. andB. includingC. togetherD. so42. My uncle succeed ________ a garden.A. with runningB. in havingC. in runningD. with43. There is _________ any tea in the cup, is there?A. almostB. veryC. tooD. hardly44. We can finish the work in a day, so we ________ any help.A. shall needB. needC. needn’tD. don’t need45. Jim’s suit fitted him well _________ a little brighter color.A. besidesB. except forC. besideD. excepts46. My mother has been ill. She hasn’t eaten anything for ________.A. two o’clockB. two daysC. two yearsD. no time47. Haven’t we seen ________?A. agoB. afterC. beforeD. already48. Our football team ________ theirs many times.A. beatB. beated C, has beat D. has beaten49. After winning the game, they ________in the square.A. celebratedB. capturedC. seizedD. succeeded50. ---How long have you _________from Japan?---For two months.A. e backB. returnedC. got backD. been back51. ---What a nice watch! How long _______ you _______ it?---Just two weeks.A. have, boughtB. will, buyC. did, buyD. have, had52. The house _______ two years ago, but it looks quite old now.A. builtB. was builtC. buildsD. is built53. It ______ me about ten yuan to go to work by taxi every day.A. takesB. spendsC. costsD. pays54. I am glad that I have learned at least 5 English songslast month.A. byB. beforeC. sinceD. until55. ---Is this T-shirt Jim’s?---No, ithis. His is much smaller.A. can’t beB. mustn’t beC. may beD. should be56. ---Which one can I take?---Oh, you can take______ of them. I’ll keep none.A. bothB. allC. anyD. eitherVI. plete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms (用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成下列句子)（共8分）57．Look, this is a ________( wood) clock. I have never seen this clock before.58. The thief _________( quiet) open the door and came into the room and stole a lot of things.59. They went away into the mountains in the _______( dark).60. he is Chinese by birth but he is now a Japanese ________( city).61. We should never talk to the old people ________( rough).62. Is your grandfather _______( live) now?63. He spent many years ________( learn) English. And he didn’t learn it well.64．Some ________( frighten) children ran out of the classroom.VII. Rewrite the following sentences as required (根据所给要求，改写下列句子，每空格限填一词)（共12分）65．I’ll wait for her for one more hour.(改为同义句)I’ll wait for her for _________ _________.66. The box is too heavy for me to carry. (改为同义句)The box is ________ heavy __________ I ___________ carry it.67. When will he return from Shanghai? (改为同义句)When will he _________ ________ from Shanghai?68. He has to finish the work on time. (改为否定句)He ______ ________ to finish the work on time.69. I borrowed a book from Lucy. It was newly published. (合并为含有定语从句的复合句)The book _______ I borrowed from Lucy _______ newly published.70．Our teacher asked us to sweep the floor yesterday afternoon.(改为被动语态) ________ _________ _________ to sweep the floor yesterday afternoon.Part 3 Reading and Writing (第三部分读写)VIII. Reading prehension (阅读理解) (共56分)A. True or False (判断下列句子是否符合短文内容，符合的用“T”表示，不符合的用“F”表示)（7分）An earthquake(地震) may happen at any time. It's best for us to know what to do, where to be safe and who to contact during the earthquake. The following information will help you. Remember: Prepare your personal earthquake bag. Collect these items and keep them somewhere near you. Water, food, medicine, mobile phone, torch (手电筒), personal washing things,blanket ,money .Remember: Drop, Hide, Hold and Contact.Drop to the floor and protect your head and neck with your arms.Hide yourself beside something like a table, a bed and so on.Hold the furniture so that you won't move away during the earthquake.Contact family friends to tell them where you are.Remember: Never do these things.Stand close to the buildings ( because they may fall on you. )Stand under the trees or signs ( because it's better for you to stand in an open space. )Go too close to the power lines (电线) ( because you may be badly hurt by electricity. )71.This passage tells us the earthquake.72. the underlined word "contact" in the passage most probably means "求救" in Chinese.73. According to the passage, we should keep six things in our personal earthquake bag.74. We should hold the furniture so that it can’t hit you during the earthquake75. It is safer for you to stand in an open place during the earthquake.76. You should contact your family and tell where you are.77. We can’t close to the power lines when the earthquake happens.B. Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)（7分）Mr Read lived in a city. He wrote a lot of novels and the young men like to read them. And he was often visited. It took him much time to meet them. Some visitors talked much with him and at last he was tired of it. He told his servant (佣人) to stop the strangers from disturbing him.One morning he was writing a novel while the door was knocked at. He hoped to finish writing it as soon as possible and had no time to meet anybody. He told the servant he did not want to be disturbed . The girl opened the door and found it was Mr Baker, one of Mr Read’s old fr iends. “Is Mr Read at home, Mabel?” asked Mr Baker.She wanted to let him in but suddenly remembered what she was told.“Sorry, Mr Baker,” said the girl. “He’s gone out.”“Where has he gone?”“I don’t know.”“When will he e back?”“Sorry, he didn’t tell me about it.”Mr Baker had to leave. That afternoon Mr Read finished his novel and wanted to apologize (道歉) to his friend. He got there and shouted, “Is Mr Baker in?”Mr Baker knew it was his friend. He remembered what happened that morning. He didn’t open t he door and answered, “Sorry, I’m not in.”“I’ve heard it’s you, Mr Baker.”“I believed your servant this morning,” said Mr Baker. “But you don’t believe your friend now.”78. Most of Mr Read’s vsitors were ________.A. girlsB. young menC. servantsD. book-sellers79. One morning Mr Read asked his servant ________.A. to stop talking with himB. to meet his friendC. to keep the strangers outsideD. not to disturb him80. Who knocked at the door while Mr Read was writing his novel?A. Mabel.B. A stranger.C. Mr Baker and a girl.D. One of Mr Read’s friend.81. Why did Mr Read refuse the strangers to meet him? ________A. He was new hereB. He didn’t want to see themC. He didn’t want them to interupt himD. He was writing his novel82. Did the girl tell Mr Baker the truth? __________A. No, she didn’tB. Yes, she didC. I don’t knowD. No, she did83. From the story we know that ________.A.the servant didn’t know Mr BakerB. Mabel did what she was told to doC. Mr Read was out that morningD. Mr Read never told his servant when to e back84. Which of the following is not true?A. Mr Read often met his readers at home.B. Mr Read went to see his old friend in the afternoon.C. Mr Baker got angery with his friend.D. Mr Read believed his servant, but not his friend.C. Choose the words or expressions and plete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文)：（14分）Life is ____85____ the four seasons. Now I am very old, but when I was young, it was the spring of my life. After I was born, I played a lot and ___86____I started school. I learned many new things. Like a flower, I grew ___87_____ every day. There were happy days and sorrowful days.In my twenties and thirties, I had a good job. I was strong and happy. Then I married and had a child. In those days, I didn’t have much time ____88_____. Every day, I was busy and worked very hard. And so, I started to get some white hairs. The summer of my life passed quickly.Then the days got shorter. Leaves fell from the trees. My child was a university student, and then an engineer. My home was ___89____ quieter. I started walking more slowly. One day I stopped ___90____. I had more time. I understood this was my autumn, a beautiful time when the trees change color and give us delicious fruits.But the days kept __91__ shorter and colder. Winter has e. I am older and weaker. I know I do not have many days left, but I will __92__ them to the end.85. A. like B. likes C. liking D. to like86. A. so B. then C. but D. and87. A. big B. bigger C. the bigger D. the biggest88. A. think B. to think C. thought D. thinking89. A. more B. many C. much D. most90. A. work B. to work C. worked D. working91. A. get B. to get C. got D. getting92. A. enjoy B. like C. own D. buyD. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)：（14分）Your rights at home and at schoolGrown-ups are always telling kids w_____(93) to do. Do you listen to them? Usually they know what is best for you, but sometimes they can be wrong.So, China has a special law to k______( 94) people under 18 safe. It is called the Underage Protection Law（《未成年人保护法》）。
Chapter3习题集及答案
Chapter3习题集及答案Chapter 3 Foreign Currency Futures3.1 Multiple Choice and True/False Questions1) Financial derivatives are powerful tools that can be used by management for purposes ofA) speculation.B) hedging.C) arbitrage.D) A, B and C above.Answer: D2) A foreign currency ________ contract calls for the future delivery of a standard amount of foreign exchange at a fixed time, place, and price.A) futuresB) forwardC) optionD) swapAnswer: A3) Currency futures contracts have become standard fare and trade readily in the world money centers. Answer: TRUE4) The major difference between currency futures andforward contracts is that futures contracts are standardized for ease of trading on an exchange market whereas forward contracts are specialized and tailoredto meet the needs of clients.Answer: TRUE5) Which of the following is NOT a contract specification for currency futures trading on an organized exchange?A) size of the contractB) maturity dateC) last trading dayD) fixed gainsAnswer: D6) About ________ of all futures contracts are settled by physical delivery of foreign exchange between buyer and seller.A) 0%B) 5%C) 50%D) 95%Answer: B7) Futures contracts require that the purchaser deposit an initial sum as collateral. This deposit is called aA) collateralized deposit.B) marked market sum.C) margin.D) settlement.Answer: C8) A speculator in the futures market wishing to lock ina price at which they could ________ a foreign currency will ________ a futures contract.A) buy; sellB) sell; buyC) buy; buyD) none of the aboveAnswer: C9) A speculator that has ________ a futures contract has taken a ________ position.A) sold; longB) purchased; shortC) sold; shortD) purchased; soldAnswer: C10) Peter Simpson expects that the U.K. pound will cost $1.62/￡in six months. A 6-month currency futures contract is available today at a rate of $1.63/￡. If Peter was to speculate in the currency futures market, and his expectations are correct, which of the following strategies would earn him a profit?A) Sell a pound currency futures contract.B) Buy a pound currency futures contract.C) Sell pounds today.D) Sell pounds in six months.Answer: A11) Jack Hemmings bought a 3-month British pound futures contract for $1.6200/￡only to see the dollar appreciate to a value of $1.6118 at which time he sold the pound futures. If each pound futures contract is for an amount of ￡62,500, how much money did Jack gain or lose from his speculation with pound futures?A) $512.50 lossB) $512.50 gainC) ￡512.50 lossD) ￡512.50 gainAnswer: A12) Which of the following statements regarding currency futures contracts and forward contracts is true?A) A futures contract is a standardized amount per currency whereas the forward contact is for any size desired.B) A futures contract is for a fixed maturity whereas the forward contract is for any maturity you like up to one year.C) Futures contracts trade on organized exchanges whereas forwards take place between individuals and banks with other banks via telecom linkages.D) All of the above are true.Answer: D13) Which of the following is a difference between a currency futures contract and a forward contract?A) The futures contract is marked to market daily whereas the forward contract is only due to be settled at maturity.B) The counterparty to the futures participant is unknown with the clearinghouse stepping into each transaction whereas the forward contract participantsare in direct contact setting the forward specifications.C) A single sales commission covers both the purchase and sale of a futures contract whereas there is no specific sales commission with a forward contract because banks earn a profit through the bid-ask spread.D) All of the above are true.Answer: D14) As a general statement, it is safe to say that businesses generally use the ________ for foreign currency forward contracts, and individuals and financial institutions typically use the ________for foreign currency futures contracts.A) exchange markets; over-the-counterB) over-the-counter; exchange marketsC) private; government sponsoredD) government sponsored; privateAnswer: B15) All exchange-traded futures are settled through a clearing house but over-the-counter forwards are not and are thus subject to greater ________ risk.A) exchange rateB) countryC) counterpartyD) none of the aboveAnswer: C16) When reading the futures quotation in the financial section of the newspaper, the column heading indicating the number of contracts outstanding is called ________.A) contracts outstandingB) settleC) open interestD) short positionsAnswer: CTable 3.1Use the below mentioned table to answer following question(s). December 17, 2009, British Pound futures Prices for 2010 (US dollars per pound, 62,500 pound contracts).Maturity Open High Low Change Settle Volume March 10 1.6315 1.6333 1.6071 -0.0155 1.6146 127,234 June 10 1.6315 1.6323 1.6065 -0.0155 1.6137 14517)Refer to Table 3.1. What was the contract price ofthe British pound, if you need to lock the value of GBP for your GBP receivables in 3-month period?A) $1.6146/￡B) ￡1.6146/$C) $1.6315/￡D) ￡1.6315/$Answer: A18) Refer to Table 3.1. The price of ________ making you taking a short position to sell two pounds futures contracts have maturity date in June 10, 2010 has a total contract value of ________.A) ￡1.6137/$, ￡201,712.50B) $1.6137/￡, $201,712.50C) $1.6146/￡, $100,912.50D) ￡1.6146/$, $100,912.50Answer: B19) Refer to Table 3.1 and question 19. If the spot exchange rate of British pound proves to be $1.6128/￡in June 10, 2010, what is your gain or loss for your short position?A) $112.50 gainB) $112.50 lossC) $56.25 gainD) $56.25 lossAnswer: A20) Andrea Lee is a currency speculator who enjoys "betting" on changes in the foreign currency exchange market. Currently the spot price for the Japanese yen is ￥90.870/$ and the 6-month futures contract price is ￥90.530/$. Andrea thinks the yen will move to ￥90.120/$ in the next six months. Andrea should ________ at the futures price to profit from changing currency values.A) buy yenB) buy dollarsC) sell yenD) There is not enough information to answer this question.Answer: A3.2 Essay Questions1) Why are foreign currency futures contracts more popular with individuals and banks while foreign currency forwards are more popular with businesses? Answer: Foreign currency futures are standardizedcontracts that lendthemselves well to speculation purposes but less so for hedging purposes. The standardized nature of the futures contract makes it easy to trade futures and to make bets about general changes in the value of currencies. Forward contracts are better for hedging in that they are tailored to meet the specific needs of the client, typically a business, and can be quite useful in reducing exchange rate risk. Banks are involved in the foreign currency futures market in part to offset positions that they may have taken in the forward markets as dealers.2) How do currency forward and futures contracts differ with respect to maturity, settlement, and the size and timing of cash flows?Answer: see p36-37, Table 3.73) What is the primary role of the exchange clearinghouse?Answer: see p14-15※4) Draw and explain the payoff profile associated with a currency futures contract.Answer: refer to chapter 8。
英语文学Chapter 3
Chapter 3Directions: Please fill in the following blanks with appropriate information.1.The _________________ refers to the cultural movement from the 14th to the 17th century.It is considered the bridge between the ______________ Ages and modern history. (Renaissance; Middle)2.The Ren aissance began in Florence, Italy. It means the ______________ or revival of the European culture through the rediscovery of classical Greek culture. (rebirth)3.In essence, the Renaissance is a historical period in which the European humanist thinkers and scholars tried to get rid of the old ___________ ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie (middle class), and to recover the purity of the early ___________ from the corruption of Roman Catholic church. (feudalist; church)4.___________ is the essence of Renaissance. Its philosophical foundation is the belief that “Man is the measure of all things”. It praised human nature and emphasized the dignity of human beings and the present life. Humanists believed that man had the right to enjoy life and had the ability to perfect himself and perform wonders. (Humanism)5.___________and drama were the most outstanding literary forms of the Renaissance. (Poetry)6.In England, the sixteenth century marked the beginning of the English Renaissance. The major figures were ______________, Christopher Marlowe, Edmund Spenser, Sir Thomas More, Francis Bacon and a number of humanist scholars. (William Shakespeare)7.Thomas More’s best-known work is _____________. It is a picture of an ideal non-Christian state where everybody lives a simple life, shares the goods in common, possesses a good knowledge of Latin, fights no war and enjoys full freedom in religious belief. (Utopia)8.Christopher Marlowe was an English playwright, poet and translator of the Elizabethan era. A chief member of the group known as the ___________________, Marlowe was the foremost Elizabethan tragedian of his day, who greatly influenced William Shakespeare. (University Wits)9.___________________ was an English poet best known for The Faerie Queen,an epic poem celebrating Elizabeth I. (Edmund Spenser)10.William Shakespeare produced a whole series of historical plays, _________________ and comedies: such as Henry V, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, and Twelfth Night. (tragedies)11.Ben Jonson’s comment on __________________________’s achievement is: “He was not of an age, but for all time!” (William Shakespeare)12.William Shakespeare’s great tragedies include ________________, Othello, King Lear, and ________________. (Hamlet; Macbeth)13.In “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”, “thee” means “____________”. (you)14.In “But thy eternal summer shall not fade”, “thy” means “____________”. (your)15.“So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, / So long lives this and this gives life to thee” istaken from William Shakespear e’s ____________________. (Sonnet 18)16.The rhyme scheme in Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18is________________________________. (a-b-a-b, c-d-c-d, e-f-e-f, g-g)17. A typical Shakespearean sonnet has ____________ lines of iambic pentameter and ends in a rhymed ____________. (14; couplet)18.“To be, or not to be: that is the question”is taken from William Shakespeare’s tragedy ____________. (Hamlet)19.“Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability”is taken from Francis Bacon’s __________________. (Essays)20.“Some books ar e to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested” is taken from ________________________’s Essays. (Francis Bacon)1，_________________指的是从第十四到第十七世纪的文化运动。
Chapter 3 Morphology练习
Chapter 3 MorphologyI. Multiple Choices1. The word “laze” is an example of _____________ in word formation.A. acronymB. blendingC. functional shiftD. back formation2. Pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and articles are ___________.A. open-class wordsB. closed-class wordsC. both open-class words and closed-class wordsD. neither open-class words nor closed-class words3. “Kodak” is a/an __________.A. acronymB. blendingC. coinageD. clipping4. ___________ refers to those words which are made by combing the initial letters of a composite name. They can not be pronounced into one word.A. InitialismB. AcronymC. InventionD. Blending5. __________ refers to any morpheme or combination of morphemes to which an inflectional affix can be added. It can be equivalent to a root, or a root and a derivational affix.A. AffixB. RootC. StemD. Suffix6. In the following words foot/feet, goose/geese, the affixes belong to ___________.A. suffixB. infixC. prefixD. root7. Match each expression under A with the one statement under B that characterizes it.A B①Coke a. back-formation②smog b. acronym③prof c. abbreviation④UNESCO d. blending⑤edit e. invention8. Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified as _____________.A. lexical wordsB. grammatical wordsC. function wordsD. form words9. _____________ refers to the way in which a particular verb changes for tense, person or number.A. AffixationB. InflectionC. DerivationD. Root10. Which of the following words is formed by the process of blending?A. WTOB. motelC. bookshelfD. red-facedII. Complete each of the following statements.1. In the word “suitable”, “-able” is a __________________ morpheme rather than an inflectional one.2. A _____________ morpheme is one that cannot constitute a word by itself.3. Back-formation refers to an abnormal type of word-formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting a(n) _________________ affix from a longer from already in the language.4. ________________________ is a type of word-formation by which a shorter word is coined by the deletion of a supposed affix of a longer form already present in the language. For example, the word edit was formed from editor by dropping the supposed derivational suffix –or.5. The ______________ is the minimal distinctive unit in grammar, a unit which cannot be divided further without destroying or drastically altering the meaning, whether lexical or grammatical.6. A morpheme can convey two kinds of meanings : ______________ meaning and _______________ meaning.7. “Nation” is the ____________ of “internationalism”.8. Poly-morphemic words other than compounds may be divided into _______________ and ______________.9. _______________ is a branch of linguistics that studies the interrelationship between phonology and morphology.10. A word formed by derivation is called a derivative and a word by compounding is called __________________.III. Explain the following terms.1.open-class words2. stem3. free morpheme4. bound morpheme5. Morpheme6. Blending7. Clipping8. RootIV. Answer the following questions.1. Analyze the morphemic structure of the words “unacceptable”and “nonsmokers”, by using a tree diagram for each, with labels for morphological categories such as root, prefix and suffix.2. What is the distinction between inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?3. How can we distinguish root and stem?。
商务英语阅读chapter3练习答案
10
• In a time when customers change constantly and rapidly in their needs, only companies who are quick to respond can survive and succeed in the end.
Exercise 4
1
• Experts have attributed the main cause of the company’s poor performance to its poor HR functions, especially the appointment if the senior management.
9
• With the efforts of these university students, it was brought to light that this world-famous multinational had established some sweat factories in China.
• 熟悉原则其实非常简单易懂:熟悉的食物 总是比那些陌生的事物更能激起我们的 信心。
• 熟悉机制在广告界中一直备受忽略。
• 但是，在现实生活中，当一个消费者在 面对两个产品并对他们的物理特性一无 所知的情况下，几乎肯定会选择较为熟 悉的那一个品牌。
• 因此，一个广告，哪怕是那些乏善可陈 的广告---只要提到了产品名称，就会有 助于该产品的销售，这种广告的作用就 在于它建立了品牌意识，并在消费者心 中树立了上面所讲的最低程度的信心。
4
• After financial scandals, many companies can only resort to charity activities to improve their corporate image.
听力-chapter3
Chapter 3 Americans at Work1. PRELISTENINGB. V ocabulary and Key Concepts1. As we look at the changes over the last century, we’ll use a lot of statistics to describe these changes.2. While the number of people in these goods producing industries went down, the number of people in the service industries went up.3. Over the years, child labor laws became much stricter and by 1999, it was illegal for anyone under sixteen to work full-time in any of the fifty States.4. In 1900 the average per capita income was $4, 200.5. One of the important benefits most workers received later in the century was health insurance.6. Whereas wages and salaries rose over the century, the average workweek dropped.7. People often tend to romanticize the past and talk about “the good old days.”8. According to a 2003 study released by the United Nations International Labor Organization, U. S. workers are the most productive in the world.9. Longer working hours in the United States is a rising trend, whilethe trend in other industrialized countries is the opposite.10. Workers in some European countries actually outproduce American workers per hour of work.11. This higher rate of productivity might be because European workers are less stressed than U. S. workers.12. Between 1949 and 1974, increases in productivity were matched by increases in wages.13. After 1974, productivity increased in manufacturing and services, but real wages stagnated.14. The money goes for salaries to CEOs, to the stock market, and to corporate profits.15. Some people say that labor unions have lost power since the beginning of the 1980s, and that the government has passed laws that favor the rich and weaken the rights of the workers.II. LISTENINGLECTURE：Americans at WorkWhether you love it or hate it work is a major part of most people's lives everywhere in the world. Americans are no exception. Americans might complain about “blue Monday,” when they have to go back to work after the weekend, but most people put a lot of importance on their Job, not only in terms of money but also in terms of identity. In fact, when Americans are introduced to a newperson, they almost always ask each other,“What do you do?”They are asking, what is your Job or profession. Today, however, we won’t look at work in terms of what work means socially or psychologically. Rather, we’re going to take a look at work in the United States today from two perspectives. First, we’ll take a historical look at work in America. We’ll do that by looking at how things changed for the American worker from the beginning to the end of the twentieth century, that is, from the year 1900 to the year 1999. Then we'll look at how U.S. workers are doing today.As we look at the changes over the last century, we're going to use a lot of statistics to describe these changes. You will need to write down a lot of numbers in today’s lecture. First, let's consider how the type of work people were involved in changed. At the beginning of the twentieth century, about 38 percent of the workforce was involved in agriculture, that is, they worked on a farm. By the end of the century, only 3 percent still worked on farms. There was also a large decrease in the number of people working in mining, manufacturing, and construction. The number of workers in mining, manufacturing and construction went down from 31 percent to 19 percent.While the number of people in these goods producing industries went down, the number of people in the service industries went up.As you may know, a service industry is one that provides a service, rather than goods or products. A few examples include transportation, tourism, banking advertising, health care, and legal services. I’m sure you can think of more. The service industry workforce jumped from 31 percent of the workforce at the turn of the century to 78 percent in 1999. Let's recap the numbers: in 1900, 38 percent in agriculture；3l percent in mining, manufacturing, and construction; and 3l percent in the service industries. That should add up to 100 percent. In 1999, 3 percent in agriculture；19 Percent in mining, manufacturing and construction; and 78 percent in the service industries. Again, that should add up to 100 percent.The labor force changed in other important ways. For example, child labor was not unusual at the beginning of the twentieth century. In 1900 there were l, 750, 000 children aged ten to fifteen working full-time in the tabor force. This was 6 percent of the labor force. Over the years, child labor laws became much stricter and by 1999, it was illegal for anyone under sixteen to work full-time in any of the fifty states. While the number of children in the workforce went down, the number of women went up dramatically. In 1900, only 19 percent of women were employed；in 1999, 60 percent of women were holding down jobs.Let's see what has happened to wages and salaries. All the numbers Iwill give you are in terms of 1999 dollars. Let me explain. In 1900 the average per capita income was $4,200 a year. That does not mean that the average worker in 1900 earned $4, 200, a year, but that what he or she earned was equal to $4, 200 in 1999. That is, the amount of money the average worker earned in 1900 was worth the same as $4, 200 in 1999. The average per capita income in 1999 was $33,700. Not only did people earn a lot more money at the end of the century, they also received a lot more in benefit than at the beginning of the century. One of the important benefits most workers received later in the century was health insurance. Whereas wages and salaries rose over the century, the average workweek dropped. That is, workers, in general, did not work as long hours in 1999 as they did in 1900.The last area that I'd like to give you a few statistics about is work place safety. Most of us who go to work every day don’t think a lot about whether we are safe or not, but in 1900 it was a real concern for a lot of workers. There aren’t many statistics available, but the U. S. government does have statistics on two industries that will give you some idea of the differences today. In 1900 almost l,500 workers were killed in coal-mining accidents；in 1999, the number was 35. 2, 555 railroad workers were killed in 1900, compared to 56 in 1999. People often tend to romanticize the past and talk about “the goodold days, but I think it’s fair to say by the end of the twentieth century, U. S. workers in general made more money, they enjoyed more benefits, and their working conditions had improved greatly. Now 1et’s turn our attention to the current situation for U. S. workers. The picture is not so rosy as the one drawn by comparing U. S. workers at the beginning and the end of the twentieth century. I'm going to focus on the current situation in terms of productivity, working hours, and wages and salaries.First 1et’s consider the number of hours worked. According to a 2003 study released by the United Nations International Labor Organization, U. S. workers are the most productive in the world among industrialized nations, but they work longer hours than European workers to achieve this productivity. Europeans typically have four to six weeks of vacation a year, whereas the average American worker has only about two weeks. This study points out that the longer working hours in the United States is a rising trend, while the trend in other industrialized countries is the opposite. Workers in some European countries actually outproduce American workers per hour of work. It has been suggested that this higher rate of productivity might be because European workers are 1ess stressed than U. S. workers.At any rate, there seems to be general agreement that U. S.productivity has greatly increased over the last thirty years. However, workers have not seen their wages rise at the same rate. A group of sociologists in their book Inequality by Design point out that there is a growing gap between rich Americans and everyone else in the United States. They write that between 1949 and 1974, increases in productivity were matched by increases in wages for workers in both manufacturing and the service industries, but since 1974 productivity increased 68 percent in manufacturing and 50 percent in services, but real wages stagnated. That is, wages moved up little or not at all. So, where does all the money generated by the increased productivity go then? According to the authors of this book；the money goes to the salaries for CEOs, to the stock market, and to corporate profits. Workers play a great role in increasing productivity, but no longer see their wages connected to increased productivity. In other words, CEOs' salaries, the stock market, and corporate profits go up as work productivity goes up, but workers’wages don’t.What are the reasons why U. S. workers, who are the most productive in the world, have to work longer hours, have fewer vacations days, and see their wages stagnate and not rising at the same rate as productivity? The answer to this question is complex and controversial, but there are two reasons most people who speak or write about these issues mention：The first is that labor unions inthe United States have lost great power since the beginning of the 1980s, and the second is that the government has passed laws that favor the rich and weaken the rights of the workers.I see our time is up. So, I’ll see you next time.III POSTLISTENINGA.Accuracy Check1. What percentage of the workforce was engaged in agriculture in 1900?2. What percentage of the workforce was still engaged in agriculture in 1999?3. At the end of the twentieth century, which industries had the largest percentage of the workforce?4. Compare the number of women in the workforce in 1900 and in 1999.5. Compare the average per capita income in 1900 and in 1999.6. What is one benefit that most U.S. workers received by the end of the twentieth century?7. Which workers, U. S. or European workers, work longer hours?8. What might be one reason that some European workers out produce U.S. workers per hour?9. According to the authors of Inequality by Design, are wages in manufacturing and service industries increasing at the same rateas productivity?10. Again, according to the authors of Inequality by Design, where does the money generated by increased productivity go?。
微机原理重点考试习题Chapter 3
第3章 80x86微处理器一、自测练习题㈠选择题1．因为8086 CPU的字数据既可以存放在内存的偶地址单元，也可以安排在奇地址单元，所以其堆栈指针SP( )。
A．最好指向偶地址单元 B．可以指向任何地址单元C．只能指向偶地址D．只能指向奇地址2．8086／8088微处理器内部能够计算出访问内存储器的20位物理地址的附加机构是( )。
A．ALU B．加法器C．指令队列 D．内部通用寄存器3．8086CPU外部的数据总线和地址总线分别为( )位。
A．16，16 B．20，16 C．16，20 D．20，20 4．指令代码的地址存放在寄存器( )中。
A．DS和SI B．BX和BP C．ES和DI D．CS和IP5．最大方式中，控制总线的信号来自( )。
A．8282 B．8284 C．8288 D．82866．在8086中，一个基本的总线周期由( )个时钟周期组成。
A．1 B．2 C．3 D．47．在8086CPU中，数据地址引脚( )采用时分复用。
A．AD0～AD15 B．AD0～AD9 C．AD0～AD20 D．AD10～AD28．8086CPU把1MB空间划分为若干逻辑段，每段最多可含( )的存储单元。
A．1KB B．8KB C．16KB D．64KB9．当标志寄存器FLAGS中OF位等于1时，表示带有符号的字运算超出数据( )范围。
A．－128～＋127 B．－32768～＋32767C．000～FFFFH D．0～FFH10．总线写周期中，在( )时不需要像读周期时要维持一个周期的浮空状态以作缓冲。
A．－32767～＋32767 B．－32767～＋32768C．－32768～＋32767 D．－32766～＋3276911．CPU执行指令过程中，BIU每完成一次对存储器或I／O端口的访问过程，称为( )。
A．时钟周期 B．总线周期 C．总线读周期 D．总线写周期12．BHE与A0配合以决定访问存储器的数据是高字节还是低字节工作，其BHE仅在总线周期开始的( )周期有效。
英语语言学Linguistics-chapter-3-练习答案
Chapter 3 Morphology1. Divide the following words into their separate morphemes by placing a “+” between each morpheme and the next:a. microfilm e. telecommunicationb. bedraggled f. forefatherc. announcement g. psychophysicsd. predigestion h. mechanist答：a. micro + film b. be + draggle + edc. announce + mentd. pre + digest + ione. tele + communicate + ionf. fore + fatherg. psycho + physics h. mechan + ist2. Think of three morpheme suffixes, give their meaning, and specify the types of stem they may be suffixed to. Give at least two examples of each.Model: -orsuffix: -ormeaning: the person or thing performing the actionstem type: added to verbsexamples: actor, “one who acts in stage plays, motion pictures, etc.” translator, “one who translates”答：(1) suffix: -ablemeaning: something can be done or is possiblestem type: added to verbsexamples: acceptable, “can be accepted”respectable, “can be respected”(2) suffix: -lymeaning: functionalstem type: added to adjectivesexamples: freely. “adverbial form of ‘free’ ”quickly, “adverbial form of 'quick' ”.(3) suffix: -eemeaning: the person receiving the actionstem type: added to verbsexamples: employee, “one who works in a company”interviewee, “one who is interviewed”3. Think of three morpheme prefixes, give their meaning, and specify the types of stem they may be prefixed to. Give at least two examples of each.Model: a-prefix: a-meaning: “without; not”stem type: added to adjectivesexamples: asymmetric, “lacking symmetry” asexual, “without sex or sex organs”答：(1) prefix: dis-meaning: showing an oppositestem type: added to verbs or nounsexamples : disapprove, “do not approve”dishonesty, “lack of honesty”.(2) prefix: anti-meaning: against, opposed tostem type: added to nouns or adjectivesexamples : antinuclear, “opposing the use of atomic weapons and power”antisocial, “opposed or harmful to the laws and customs of an organized community. ”(3) prefix: counter-meaning: the opposite ofstem type: added to nouns or adjectives.examples: counterproductive, “producing results o pposite to those intended”counteract, “act against and reduce the force or effect of (sth.) ”4. The italicized part in each of the following sentences is an inflectional morpheme. Study each inflectional morpheme carefully and point out its grammatical meaning.Sue moves in high-society circles in London.A traffic warden asked John to move his car.The club has moved to Friday, February 22nd.The branches of the trees are moving back and forth.答：(1)-s, the third person singular, present simple tense(2)-ed, the past tense(3) has –ed, the present perfect(4) are+v-ing, the plural form; the present progressive5. Determine whether the words in each of the following groups are related to one another by processes of inflection or derivation.a) go, goes, going, goneb) discover, discovery, discoverer, discoverable, discoverabilityc) inventor, inventor’s, inventors, inventors’d) democracy, democrat, democratic, democratize答：(1) go, goes, going, gone (inflection)go- the root formgo+es, simple present, 3rd person singulargo+ing, present participlegone, past participle(2) discover, discovery, discoverer, discoverable, discoverability (derivation)dis-, prefix (added to the nouns to form verbs) meaning reversal-y, suffix (added after the verbs to form nouns) denoting a state or an action or its result-er, a noun suffix added to the verbs, meaning a person or thing that perform a specified action or activity-able, an adjective suffix added to verbs meaning able to be-ability, a noun suffix, or a derivative suffix of –able, meaning having the quality as in manageability（可处理性）and suitability（合适性）.(3) inventor, inventor’s, inventors, inventors’ (a mixture of inflection or derivation)Derivation: invent+-orInflection: inventor’s, inventors’ indicating possessive case(4) democracy, democrat, democratic, democratize (derivation)-cy, added to the nouns ending with “t” to form another noun denoting a state governed in such a way.-ic, an adjective suffix, added to the nouns to form adjectives meaning related to or in resemblance with…-ize, a suffix added to the noun to form verbs denoting the conversion, transforming.6. The following sentences contain both derivational andinflectional affixes. Underline all of the derivational affixes and circle the inflectional affixes.a) The farmer’s cows escaped.b) It was raining.c) Those socks are inexpensive.d) Jim needs the newer copy.e) The strongest rower continued.f) She quickly closed the book.g) The alphabetization went well.答：(略)。
七年级英语上册 语法分层训练 CHAPTER3 冠词 冀教版-冀教版初中七年级上册英语试题
CHAPTER3 - 冠词一、用适当的某类词填空（共39小题；共39分）A给下列名词前加上适当的不定冠词。
1. book2. puter3. orange4. volleyball5. hour6. language7. island 8. singer9. apple10. eraserB用适当的冠词填空，使句子完整。
11. Rome was not built in day.12. Jim is honest boy. We all like him.13. --- Can child finish the job?--- No, at least two children can.14. We have a music class once week.15. It's pleasure to talk with you.16. hundred and twenty people attended the meeting.17. I'd like coffee and two beers.18. e in, or you'll catch bad cold.19. Li Lei, take medicine three times day.20. He bought new house. house is very big.21. This is umbrella.22. rich are not alway happier than poor.23. Man is only animal who can talk.24. Autumn is best season in Beijing. Many people from all over the world e here in autumn.25. Do you know girl in red?26. fifth lesson is very easy.27. Lucy is taller of the two girls.28. I like playing violin, while he likes playing football.29. Look, all books are here now.30. June 1st is Children's Day.31. Tom works as worker in the restaurant and he is paid by hour.32. Greens live next the door.33. Music can bring people happiness.34. I visited France in September, 2013.35. She is not so smart girl as I thought.36. Could you tell me answer to the question? I can't work it out by myself.37. In the United States, Father's Day falls on third Sunday in June.38. I like English though it's a bit difficult.39. Wendy was made monitor for this month.二、翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)（共9小题；共9分）40. 作为作家，汤姆是很成功的。
68-习题作业-Exercises in Chapter 3(Lexicon)
the rest has been borrowed, but the meaning is fully borrowed. （ ）
are attached. （ ）
25. Bound morphemes can be used independently under certain circumstance. （ ） 26. Inflectional morphemes can always change the classes of the words to which they
II .Fill in each of the following blanks with a proper word. 11.“Gentle” is the ___________ of the word “gentlemanliness. 12.Some morphemes like “water”, “desire”, “work”, “able” and “like” constitute
morphemes. （ ）
23. All words have morphs but not necessarily allomorphs. （ ） 24. Derivational morphemes can never change the class of the words to which they
D. clipped words
6. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is .
复习题chapter3
Chapter 3 Transport Layer1. A transport-layer protocol provides for logical communication between ____.A Application processesB HostsC RoutersD End systems2. Transport-layer protocols run in ____.A ServersB ClientsC RoutersD End systems3. In transport layer, the send side breaks application messages into ____, passes to network layer.A FramesB SegmentsC Data-gramsD bit streams4. Services provided by transport layer include ____.A HTTP and FTPB TCP and IPC TCP and UDPD SMTP5. Which of the following services is not provided by TCP?A Delay guarantees and bandwidth guaranteesB Reliable data transfers and flow controlsC Congestion controlsD In-order data transfers6. These two minimal transport-layer services----____ and ____----are the only two services that UDP provides!A process-to-process data delivery, error checkingB congestion control, reliable data transferC flow control, congestion controlD In-order data transfer, error checking7. Port number’s scop e is ____ to ____.A 0, 1023B 0, 65535C 0, 127D 0,2558. The port numbers ranging from ____to ____ are called well-known port number and are restricted 有一定限制的.A 0, 1023B 0, 65535C 0, 1279. UDP socket identified by two components, they are ____.A source IP addresses and source port numbersB source IP addresses and destination IP addressesC destination IP address and destination port numbersD destination port numbers and source port numbers10. TCP socket identified by a (an) ____.A 1-tupleB 2-tupleC 3-tupleD 4-tuple元组11. Which of the following applications normally uses UDP services?A SMTPB Streaming multimediaC FTPD HTTP18. Which of the following about TCP connection is not correct?A It is a broadcast connectionB It is a point-to-point connectionC It is a pipelined connectionD It is a full duplex connection19. The SYN segment is used for____.A TCP connection setupB TCP flow controlC TCP congestion controlD Closing a TCP connection20. The FIN segment is used for____.A TCP connection setupB TCP flow controlC TCP congestion controlD Closing a TCP connection21.How does TCP sender perceive congestion?A Through a timeout eventB Through a receiving duplicate ACK-s eventC Both A and BD Either A or B22. Extending host-to-host delivery to process-to-process delivery is called transport-layer ____ and .A multiplexing and de-multiplexingB storing and forwardingC forwarding and filteringD switching and routing23. UDP is a ____ service while TCP is a connection-oriented service.A ConnectionlessC Connection-orientedD In-order24. The UDP header has only four fields, they are____.A Source port number, destination port number, length and checksumB Source port number, destination port number, source IP and destination IPC source IP, destination IP, source MAC address and destination MAC addressD source IP, destination IP, sequence number and ACK sequence number26.The maximum amount of data that can be grabbed and placed in a segment is limited by the____.A Maximum segment size (MSS)B MTUC ChecksumD Sequence number27.The MSS is typically set by first determining the length of the largest link-layer frame that can be sent by the local sending host----the so-called____.A Maximum transmission unit (MTU)B MSSC ChecksumD Sequence number29.Because TCP only acknowledges bytes up to the first missing byte in the stream, TCP is said to provide____.A Cumulative acknowledgementsB Selective acknowledgementsC 3 duplicate ACKsD positive ACKs32. TCP service does not provide____.A Reliable data transferB Flow controlC Delay guaranteeD Congestion control33. There are two states in TCP congestion control, which are ____.A slow start and congestion avoidanceB safe start and congestion avoidanceC slow start and congestion abandonD safe start and congestion abandon34. The transport-layer protocol provides logical communication between ____, and the network-layer protocol provides logical communication ____.A hosts, processesB processes, hostsC threads, processesD processes, threads37. ____ maintains connection-state in the end systems. This connection state includes receive and send buffers, congestion-control parameters, and sequence and acknowledgment number parameters.A UDPB TCPC DNSD HTTP39. With TCP there is no _____ between sending and receiving transport-layer entities.A flow controlB handshakingC. congestion control D VC setup40. The Internet’s ____ service helps prevent the Internet from e ntering a state of gridlock.A datagramB congestion controlC sliding windowD timeout event41. Connection setup at the transport layer involves ____.A serverB only the two end systemsC clientD router42. A ____layer protocol provides for logical communication between applications.A transportB applicationC networkingD MAC44. The receive side of transport layer reassembles segments into messages, passes to ____layer.A ApplicationB NetworkingC PhysicalD MAC46. The port number used by HTTP is ____.A 80B 25C 110D 5347. The port number used by SMTP is ____.A 80B 25C 110D 5348. The port number used by pop3 is ____.A 80B 25C 110D 5349. The port number used by DNS is ____.A 80B 25C 110D 5350. The port number used by FTP is ____.A 20 and 21B 20C 21D 5351. A UDP socket identified by a ____ tuple(s).A 2B 4C 1D 352. A TCP socket identified by a ____ tuple(s).A 2B 4C 1D 353. A TCP socket does not include____.A Source MAC addressB Source port numberC Destination IP addressD Destination port number54. Which of following about UDP is not correct.A It is a reliable data transfer protocolB It is connectionlessC no handshaking between UDP sender, receiverD it is a best effort service protocol55. DNS uses ____ service.A TCPB UDPC Both TCP and UDPD None of above57. Streaming media uses a ____ service normally.A TCPB UDPC Both TCP and UDPD None of above58. The UDP header has only ____ fields.A 2B 4C 1D 359. Which of the following does not included in UDP header.A Source port numberB Destination port numberC ChecksumD Sequence numberD A computer network may make available multiple transport protocols66. UDP and TCP both have the fields except ____.A source port numberB destination port numberC checksumD receive window68. Which of the following about TCP is not correct?A It is a connectionless protocolB Point-to-point protocolC Reliable, in-order byte steam protocolD Pipelined protocol69. Which of the following about TCP is not correct?A It is a connectionless protocolB full duplex data transfer protocolC connection-oriented protocolD flow controlled protocol70. The maximum amount of data that can be grabbed and placed in a segment is limited by the ____.A Maximum segment size (MSS)B MTUC Sequence numberD Check sum71. The MSS is typically set by first determining the length of the largest link-layer frame that can be sent by the local sending host (the so-called____), and then will fit into a single link-layer frame.A Maximum segment size (MSS)B MTUC Sequence numberD Check sum73. Which of the following field is not used for connection setup and teardown?A Sequence numberB TSTC SYND FIN74. ____ is the byte stream number of first byte in the segment.A Sequence numberB ACK numberC ChecksumD port number76. Because TCP only acknowledges bytes up to the first missing byte in the stream, TCP is said to provide ____ acknowledgements.A CumulativeB SelectiveC SingleD Negative77. Fast retransmit means in the case that ____ duplicate ACK-s are received, the TCP sender resend segment before timer expires.A 3B 4C 5D 678. TCP____ means sender won’t overflow receiver’s buffer by tran smitting too much, too fast.A Flow controlB Congestion controlC Reliable data transferD Connection-oriented service79. TCP provides flow control by having the sender maintain a variable called the ____.A Receive windowB Congestion windowC Sliding windowD buffer80. How does TCP sender perceive congestion?A TimeoutB 3 duplicate ACK-sC Both A and BD None of above81. Transport protocols run in ____.A ServersB ClientsC RoutersD End systems82. Which of the following services is not provided by TCP?A Delay guarantees and bandwidth guaranteesB Reliable data transfers and flow controlsC Congestion controlsD In-order data transfers83. Which service does UDP not provide?A multiplexingB de-multiplexingC error-detectionB error-correction85. Which of the following applications normally uses UDP services?A SMTPB Streaming multimediaC FTPD HTTP87. The SYN segment is used for____.A TCP connection setupB TCP flow controlC TCP congestion controlD Closing a TCP connection88. Which service helps prevent the internet from entering a state of gridlock?A reliable data transferB flow controlC congestion controlD handshaking procedure90.In the following applications, which one is a bandwidth-sensitive application?A E-mailB web applicationC real-time audioD file transfer91. In the following applications, which one uses UDP?A E-mailB web applicationC file transferD DNS93.____ is a speeding-matching service---matching the rate which the sender is sending against the rate at which the receiving application is reading.A congestion controlB flow controlC sliding-window controlD variable control95. There are 6 flag fields. Which one is to indicate that the receiver should pass the data to the upper layer immediately?A PSHB URGC ACKD RST97. _____ imposes constrain on the rate at which a TCP sender can send traffic into the network.A sliding windowB congestion windowC receive windowD variable window2.Consider the following plot of TCP congestion window size as a function of time.Fill in the blanks as follow:a) The initial value of Threshold at the first transmission round is ____.b) The value of Threshold at the 11st transmission round is ____.c) The value of Threshold at the 21st transmission round is ____.d) After the 9th transmission round, segment loss detected by ____.(A) Timeout(B) Triple duplicate ACKe) After the 19th transmission round, segment loss detected by ____.(A) Timeout(B) Triple duplicate ACKf) During ____ transmission round, the 18th segment is sent.3.Consider the TCP reliable data transfer in the given graph. If in Segment 1’s Sequence number =10,data=“AC”, please fill in the following blanks.a) In Segment 2, ACK number=____;b) In Segment 3, Sequence number =____; data=“0123456789”c) If there are some bits corrupted in segment 3 when it arrives Host B, then the ACK number in Segment 5 is ____; and the ACK number in Segment 6 is ____.0 0 0 Congestion window size Transmission round4. The client A wants to request a Web page from Server B. Suppose the URL of the page is 172.16.0.200/experiment, and also it wants to receive French version of object. The time-sequence diagram is shown below, please fill in the blanks.Packet ① to Packet ③ are TCP connection’s segment, then:Packet ①: SYN flag bit= aACK flag bit= bSequence number= 92Packet ②: SYN flag bit=1ACK flag bit= cSequence number=100Packet ③: SYN flag bit= dACK flag bit=1Sequence number= e5. Consider sending an object of size O=100 Kbytes from server to client. Let S=536 bytes and RTT=100msec. Suppose the transport protocol uses static windows with window size W.(1) For a transmission rate of 25 kbps, determine the minimum possible latency. Determine the minimum window size that achieves this latency.(2) Repeat (1) for 100 kbps.6. Consider the following plot of TCP congestion window size as a function of time. Please fill in the blanks as below.a) The initial value of Threshold at the first transmission round is____.b) The value of Threshold at the 11th transmission round is_____.c) The value of Threshold at the 21st transmission round is_____.d) After the 9th transmission round, _____ occurs.e) After the 19th transmission round, ____ are detected.Congestion window size Transmission round。
会计专业英语章节练习题及答案(共17章)chapter 3
Chapter 3Discussion questions1.Why trading securities are usually regarded as current assets?Trading securities consist of surplus cash invested in government or corporate debt obligations, or in shares (equity securities) that can be readily sold (marketable) and ate held as a source of mature or be sold within the next year or operating period to be classified as current assets, although it is probable that they will. Trading securities ate considered current assets if they are marketable, and management’s intent of holding them for a longer period, they should be classified as long-term investment in securities.2.In making the annual adjusting entry for uncollectible accounts, a company mayutilize a balance sheet approach to make the estimate or it may use an income statement approach. Explain these two alternative approaches.A balance sheet is a financial statement listing a company’s assets, liabilities and owners’ or shareholders’ equity on a specific date. A balance sheet approach to an audit is a limited audit that only examines the accounts on a company's balance sheet.The income statement, also known as the profit and loss, or P&L, statement, runs down the revenues and expenses of a company over a specified time period, showing the company's net profit for the period. All publicly traded companies are required to produce an income statement at least annually, but many firms choose to produce quarterly income statements as well.3.Which inventory valuation method should a company use if it wants to minimizeincome taxes?When prices are rising, LIFO results in lower reported income and thus may provide a related tax benefit.When prices are decreasing, FIFO results in lower reported income and thus may provide a related tax benefit.4.What are the advantages by using the retail method to estimate inventories?The retail inventory method is widely used by department stores and other types of retail business that are likely to keep periodic inventory records. Such firms typically mark each item of merchandise with the retail price and record purchased at both cost and retail price. A firm can estimate its ending inventory at retail price merely by subtracting the net sales for the month from the retail price of goods available for sale. The ending inventory at retail is then converted to most on the basis of the ratio of cost to selling retail price for the current period. One of the major advantages of the retail method is that it provides inventory figures for use inpreparing interim statements.Exercises1.In general terms, financial assets appear in the balance sheet at:A．Face valueB．Current valueC．Market valueD．Estimated future sales valueAnswer: B2. On January 1, CL Company had a $3100credit balance in the Allowance forDoubtful Accounts. During the year, sales totaled $78000 and &6900 of accounts receivable were written off as uncollectible. A December 31 aging of accounts receivable indicated the amount probably uncollectible to be $5300. (No recoveries of accounts previously written off were made during the year.) CL Company’s financial statements for the current year should include:A．Uncollectible accounts expense of $9100B．Uncollectible accounts expense of $5300C．Allowance for Doubtful Accounts with a credit balance of $1500D．Allowance for Doubtful Accounts with a credit balance of $8400Answer: A3. Why do companies prefer the LIFO inventory method during a period of risingprices?A．Higher reported incomeB．Lower income taxesC．Lower reported incomeD．Higher ending inventoryAnswer: B4. Which of the following statements is true?A. Separation of duties is not an important element of internal control forinventories.B. The perpetual system is used primarily for low-unit-cost inventory.C. An annual physical count of inventory is needed regardless of the type ofinventory system used.D. All the above are true.Answer: C5. If a firm purchases $100000 of bonds of Z Company at 101 plus accrued interestof $2000 and pays broker’s commissions of $50, the amount debited to Investment in Z Company Bonds may be:A. $100000B. $101050C. $103000D. none of the aboveAnswer: C6. ABC Company needs to determine the approximate amount of inventory at theend of each month without taking a physical inventory of merchandise. From the following information, you are required to determine the cost of the July 31The cost of the July 31inventory is determined as follows:Ending inventory of July 31 at retail selling price=$640,000-$375,000=$364,800 Ratio of cost to selling retail price=$435,200/$640,000=68%Ending inventory of July 31 at cost=$364,000×68%=$248,064。
英语语言学Chapter3
Chapter3Ⅱ.Fill in each blank below with one word which begins with the letter given:11. M is the smallest meaningful unit of language. (Morpheme)12. The affix “-ish” in the word boyish conveys a g meaning.13. B morphemes are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with other morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.14. Affixes are of two types: inflectional affixes and d affixes.15. D affixes are added to an existing form to create words.16. A s is added to the end of stems to modify the meaning of the original word and it may case change its part of speech.17. C is the combination of two or sometimes more than two words to create new words.18. The rules that govern which affix can be added to what type of stem to form a new word are called m rules.19. In terms of morphemic analysis, d can be viewed as the addition of affixes to stems to form new words.20. As can be a bound root, a free morpheme, or a derived form itself to which a derivational affix can be added.21. Morphology is a branch of grammar which studies the of words and the by which words are formed.22. Morphology can be subdivided into two branches: morphology andor morphology.23. The phonological and orthographical realizations of a morpheme are termed .24. [-t]、[-d]、[-id] are of the morpheme {-ed}.25. “Careless” is the of the word “carelessness”.26. “Gentle” is the of the word “gentlemanliness”.27. A morpheme can convey two kinds of meanings: meaning andmeaning.28. affixes, ffixes, and roots are all bound morphemes.29. Compared with a free phrase, a compound has differentfeatures.30. The allomorphs [-s] and [-iz] of the morpheme {plural} indicates the applications of therule and rule.III. There are four choices following each statement. Mark the choice that can best complete the statement:21. The morpheme “vision” in the common word “television” is a(n) ______.A. bound morphemeB. bound formC. inflectional morphemeD. free morpheme22. The compound word “bookstore” is the place where books are sold. This indicates that the meaning of a compound__________.A. is the sum total of the meaning of its componentsB. can always be worked out by looking at the meanings of morphemesC. is the same as the meaning of a free phrase.D. None of the above.23. The part of speech of the compounds is generally determined by the part of speech of__________.A. the first elementB. the second elementC. either the first or the second elementD. both the first and the second elements24. _______ are those that cannot be used independently but have to be combined with other morphemes, either free or bound, to form a word.A. Free morphemesB. Bound morphemesC. Bound wordsD. Words25. _________ is a branch of grammar which studies the internal structure of words and the rules by which words are formed.A. SyntaxB. GrammarC. MorphologyD. Morpheme26. The meaning carried by the inflectional morpheme is _______.A. lexicalB. morphemicC. grammaticalD. semantic27. Bound morphemes are those that___________.A. have to be used independentlyB. can not be combined with other morphemesC. can either be free or boundD. have to be combined with other morphemes28. _______ modify the meaning of the stem, but usually do not change the part of speech of the original word.A. PrefixesB. SuffixesC. RootsD. Affixes29. _________ are often thought to be the smallest meaningful units of language by the linguists.A. WordsB. MorphemesC. PhonemesD. Sentences30. “-s” in the word “books” is _______.A. a derivative affixB. a stemC. an inflectional affixD. a root31. Morphology is the study of _______.A. the internal structure of words and the rules that govern their formationB. the uses of different types of utterances in different contextsC. the differences between sounds used inhuman languages and sounds in natureD. the rules that pertain to all languages throughout the world32. Which of the following does NOT belong to “open class words”?A. NounsB. AdjectivesC. ConjunctionsD. Adverbs33. What is the minimal unit of meaning?A. PhonemeB. MorphemeC. AllophoneD. Allomorph34. There are ______ morphemes in the word “undesirableity”.A. threeB. fourC. fiveD. six35. Which of the following is NOT a compound word?A. RainbowB. InactionC. Icy-coldD. Unpleasant36. ______ are bound morphemes because they cannot be used a separate words.A. RootsB. StemsC. AffixesD. Compounds37. Some words in the basic word stock are said to be stable because they ______.A. are complex wordsB. are technical wordsC. refer to the commonest things in lifeD. denote the most important concepts38. All the following words contain the inflectional affixes except _______.A. caresB. carefulC. fasterD. books39. The word “irresistible” is _______.A. a compound oneB. a clipped oneC. a blended oneD. a derived one40. Which of the following is not a free morpheme?A. bedB. treeC. danceD. children41. Which of the following affix differs from others?A. –lyB. –nessC. –ingD. –ful42. Of the following word-formation processes,_______ is the most productive.A. clippingB. blendingC. initialismD. derivation43. Morpheme that can occur “unattached” are called ______.A. inflectionalB. boundC. freeD. derivational morphemes44. The word “motherboard” is _______.A. a clipped oneB. a blended oneC. a compound oneD. an acronym45. The word “kung-fu” is _______.A. a clipped oneB. a blended oneC. a compound oneD. a borrowed one。
(完整版)计算机网络英文题库(附答案)chapter3
Chapter 3 Transport Layer1. A transport-layer protocol provides for logical communication between ____.A Application processesB HostsC RoutersD End systems2. Transport-layer protocols run in ____.A ServersB ClientsC RoutersD End systems3. In transport layer, the send side breaks application messages into ____, passes to network layer.A FramesB SegmentsC Data-gramsD bit streams4. Services provided by transport layer include ____.A HTTP and FTPB TCP and IPC TCP and UDPD SMTP5. Which of the following services is not provided by TCP?A Delay guarantees and bandwidth guaranteesB Reliable data transfers and flow controlsC Congestion controlsD In-order data transfers6. These two minimal transport-layer services----____ and ____----are the only two services that UDP provides!A process-to-process data delivery, error checkingB congestion control, reliable data transferC flow control, congestion controlD In-order data transfer, error checking7. Port number’s scop e is ____ to ____.A 0, 1023B 0, 65535C 0, 127D 0,2558. The port numbers ranging from ____to ____ are called well-known port number and are restricted.A 0, 1023B 0, 65535C 0, 127D 0,2559. UDP socket identified by two components, they are ____.A source IP addresses and source port numbersB source IP addresses and destination IP addressesC destination IP address and destination port numbersD destination port numbers and source port numbers10. TCP socket identified by a (an) ____.A 1-tupleB 2-tupleC 3-tupleD 4-tuple11. Which of the following applications normally uses UDP services?A SMTPB Streaming multimediaC FTPD HTTP12. Reliable data transfer protocol over a perfectly reliable channel is____.A rdt1.0B rdt2.0C rdt3.0D rdt2.113. Reliable data transfer protocol over a channel with bit errors and packet losses is _ ___.A rdt1.0B rdt2.0C rdt3.0D rdt2.114. Which of the following about reliable data transfer over a channel with bit errors i s not correct?A RDT2.0: assuming ACK and NAK will not be corruptedB RDT2.1: assuming ACK and NAK can be corruptedC RDT2.2: only use ACK-sD RDT2.2: use both ACK-s and NAK-s15. Which of the following protocols is not pipelining protocols?A TCPB rdt3.0C GO-BACK-ND selective repeat16. Which of the following is not correct about GBN protocol?A Only using ACK-sB Using cumulative ACK-sC Receiver discards all out-of-order packetsD It is not pipelined protocol17. Which of the following is not correct about SR protocol?A receiver individually acknowledges all correctly received packetsB sender only resends packets for which ACK not receivedC It limits sequence number of sent but un-ACK-ed packetsD It is not a pipelined protocol18. Which of the following about TCP connection is not correct?A It is a broadcast connectionB It is a point-to-point connectionC It is a pipelined connectionD It is a full duplex connection19. The SYN segment is used for____.A TCP connection setupB TCP flow controlC TCP congestion controlD Closing a TCP connection20. The FIN segment is used for____.A TCP connection setupB TCP flow controlC TCP congestion controlD Closing a TCP connection21.How does TCP sender perceive congestion?A Through a timeout eventB Through a receiving duplicate ACK-s eventC Both A and BD Either A or B22. Extending host-to-host delivery to process-to-process delivery is called transport-layer ____ and .A multiplexing and de-multiplexingB storing and forwardingC forwarding and filteringD switching and routing23. UDP is a ____ service while TCP is a connection-oriented service.A ConnectionlessB ReliableC Connection-orientedD In-order24. The UDP header has only four fields, they are____.A Source port number, destination port number, length and checksumB Source port number, destination port number, source IP and destination IPC source IP, destination IP, source MAC address and destination MAC addressD source IP, destination IP, sequence number and ACK sequence number25. There are two 16-bit integers: 1110 0110 0110 0110, 1101 0101 0101 0101. Their checksum is____.A 0100010001000011B 1011101110111100C 1111111111111111D 100000000000000026.The maximum amount of data that can be grabbed and placed in a segment is limited by the____.A Maximum segment size (MSS)B MTUC ChecksumD Sequence number27.The MSS is typically set by first determining the length of the largest link-layer frame that can be sent by the local sending host----the so-called____.A Maximum transmission unit (MTU)B MSSC ChecksumD Sequence number28. A File size of 500,000bytes, MSS equals 1000bytes. When we want to transmit this file with TCP, the sequence number of the first segment is 0, and the sequence number of the second segment is ____.A 1000B 999C 1001D 50000029.Because TCP only acknowledges bytes up to the first missing byte in the stream, TCP is said to provide____.A Cumulative acknowledgementsB Selective acknowledgementsC 3 duplicate ACKsD positive ACKs30. Provided α=0.125, current value of Estimated-RTT is 0.4s, Sample-RTT is 0.8s, then the new value of Estimated-RTT is ____s.A 0.45B 0.6C 0.7D 0.831.Provided RcvBuffer=20,LastByteRcvd=20,LastByteRead=15, thenRcvWindow=____.A 14B 15C 16D 1032. TCP service does not provide____.A Reliable data transferB Flow controlC Delay guaranteeD Congestion control33. There are two states in TCP congestion control, which are ____.A slow start and congestion avoidanceB safe start and congestion avoidanceC slow start and congestion abandonD safe start and congestion abandon34. The transport-layer protocol provides logical communication between ____, and the network-layer protocol provides logical communication ____.A hosts, processesB processes, hostsC threads, processesD processes, threads35. To implement the multicast services the Internet employs the ____ protocol.A FTPB TCPC IGMPD UDP36. If an application developer chooses ____ protocol, then the application process is almost directly talking with IP.A HTTPB RIPC CSMA/CDD UDP37. ____ maintains connection-state in the end systems. This connection state includes receive and send buffers, congestion-control parameters, and sequence and acknowledgment number parameters.A UDPB TCPC DNSD HTTP38. The host that initiates the session in the Internet is labeled as ____.A serverB user agentC clientD router39. With TCP there is no _____ between sending and receiving transport-layer entities.A flow controlB handshakingC. congestion control D VC setup40. The Internet’s ____service helps prevent the Internet from entering a state of gridlock.A datagramB congestion controlC sliding windowD timeout event41. Connection setup at the transport layer involves ____.A serverB only the two end systemsC clientD router42. A ____layer protocol provides for logical communication between applications.A transportB applicationC networkingD MAC43. In static congestion window, if it satisfies W*S/R > RTT + S/R, the Latency is ____.A W*S/R – ( RTT+ S/R)B 2RTT + O/RC 2RTT + O/R + (k-1)[W* S/R- (RTT + S/R)]D 2RTT + S/R44. The receive side of transport layer reassembles segments into messages, passes to ____layer.A ApplicationB NetworkingC PhysicalD MAC45. In the following four options, which one is correct?A The variations in the SampleRTT are smoothed out in the computation of the EstimatedRTTB The timeout should be less than the connection’s RTTC Suppose that the last SampleRTT in a TCP connection is equal to 1 sec. Then the current value of TimeoutInterval will necessarily be≥1 secD Suppose that the last SampleRTT in a TCP connection is equal to 1 sec. Then the current value of TimeoutInterval will necessarily be≤1 sec46. The port number used by HTTP is ____.A 80B 25C 110D 5347. The port number used by SMTP is ____.A 80B 25C 110D 5348. The port number used by pop3 is ____.A 80B 25C 110D 5349. The port number used by DNS is ____.A 80B 25C 110D 5350. The port number used by FTP is ____.A 20 and 21B 20C 21D 5351. A UDP socket identified by a ____ tuple(s).A 2B 4C 1D 352. A TCP socket identified by a ____ tuple(s).A 2B 4C 1D 353. A TCP socket does not include____.A Source MAC addressB Source port numberC Destination IP addressD Destination port number54. Which of following about UDP is not correct.A It is a reliable data transfer protocolB It is connectionlessC no handshaking between UDP sender, receiverD it is a best effort service protocol55. DNS uses ____ service.A TCPB UDPC Both TCP and UDPD None of above56. Which of following about UDP is correct?A Finer application-level control over what data is sent, and whenB No connection establishment (which can add delay), so no delay for establish a connectionC No connection state (so, UDP can typically support many active clients)D Large packet header overhead (16-B)57. Streaming media uses a ____ service normally.A TCPB UDPC Both TCP and UDPD None of above58. The UDP header has only ____ fields.A 2B 4C 1D 359. Which of the following does not included in UDP header.A Source port numberB Destination port numberC ChecksumD Sequence number60. Which of the following is not a pipelining protocol.A Rdt1.0B Go-Back-NC Selective repeatD TCP61. In the following four descriptions about MSS and MTU, which one is not correct?A The MSS is the maximum amount of application-layer data in the segmentB The MSS is the maximum size of the TCP segment including headersC The MSS is typically set by MTUD The MTU means the largest link-layer frame62. The job of gathering data chunks, encapsulating each data chunk with header information to create segments and passing the segments to the network is called ____.A multiplexingB de-multiplexingC forwardingD routing63. In the following four descriptions about the relationship between the transport layer and the network layer, which one is not correct?A The transport-layer protocol provides logical communication between hostsB The transport-layer protocol provides logical communication between processesC The services that a transport-layer protocol can provide are often constrained by the service model of the network-layer protocolD A computer network may make available multiple transport protocols64. Suppose the following three 8-bit bytes: 01010101, 01110000, 01001100. What’s the 1s complement of the sum of these 8-bit bytes?A 00010001B 11101101C 00010010D 1000100065. The following four descriptions about multiplexing and de-multiplexing, which one is correct?A A UDP socket is identified by a two-tuples consisting of a source port number and a destination port number.B If two UDP segment have different source port number, they may be directed to the same destination process.C If two TCP segments with different source port number, they may be directed to the same destination process.D If two TCP segments with same destination IP address and destination port number, they must be the same TCP connection.66. UDP and TCP both have the fields except ____.A source port numberB destination port numberC checksumD receive window67. If we define N to be the window size, base to be the sequence number of the oldest unacknowledged packet, and next-seq-num to be the smallest unused sequence number, then the interval [nextseqnum,base+N-1] corresponds to packet that ____.A can be sent immediatelyB have already been transmitted and acknowledgedC cannot be usedD have been sent but not yet acknowledged68. Which of the following about TCP is not correct?A It is a connectionless protocolB Point-to-point protocolC Reliable, in-order byte steam protocolD Pipelined protocol69. Which of the following about TCP is not correct?A It is a connectionless protocolB full duplex data transfer protocolC connection-oriented protocolD flow controlled protocol70. The maximum amount of data that can be grabbed and placed in a segment is limited by the ____.A Maximum segment size (MSS)B MTUC Sequence numberD Check sum71. The MSS is typically set by first determining the length of the largest link-layer frame that can be sent by the local sending host (the so-called____), and then will fit into a single link-layer frame.A Maximum segment size (MSS)B MTUC Sequence numberD Check sum72. The MSS is the maximum amount of ____layer data in the segment, not the maximum size of the TCP segment including headers.A ApplicationB TransportC NetworkingD Link73. Which of the following field is not used for connection setup and teardown?A Sequence numberB TSTC SYND FIN74. ____ is the byte stream number of first byte in the segment.A Sequence numberB ACK numberC ChecksumD port number75. ____ is the byte sequence numbers of next byte expected from other side.A Sequence numberB ACK numberC ChecksumD port number76. Because TCP only acknowledges bytes up to the first missing byte in the stream, TCP is said to provide ____ acknowledgements.A CumulativeB SelectiveC SingleD Negative77. Fast retransmit means in the case that ____ duplicate ACK-s are received, the TCP sender resend segment before timer expires.A 3B 4C 5D 678. TCP____ means sender won’t overflow receiver’s buffer by tran smitting too much, too fast.A Flow controlB Congestion controlC Reliable data transferD Connection-oriented service79. TCP provides flow control by having the sender maintain a variable called the ____.A Receive windowB Congestion windowC Sliding windowD buffer80. How does TCP sender perceive congestion?A TimeoutB 3 duplicate ACK-sC Both A and BD None of above81. Transport protocols run in ____.A ServersB ClientsC RoutersD End systems82. Which of the following services is not provided by TCP?A Delay guarantees and bandwidth guaranteesB Reliable data transfers and flow controlsC Congestion controlsD In-order data transfers83. Which service does UDP not provide?A multiplexingB de-multiplexingC error-detectionD error-correction84. There are three major events related to data transmission and retransmission in the TCP sender, which one is not in it?A data received from application aboveB de-multiplexing segmentC timer timeoutD ACK receipt85. Which of the following applications normally uses UDP services?A SMTPB Streaming multimediaC FTPD HTTP86. Which of the following about TCP connection is not correct?A It is a broadcast connectionB It is a point-to-point connectionC It is a pipelined connectionD It is a full duplex connection87. The SYN segment is used for____.A TCP connection setupB TCP flow controlC TCP congestion controlD Closing a TCP connection88. Which service helps prevent the internet from entering a state of gridlock?A reliable data transferB flow controlC congestion controlD handshaking procedure89. The Internet’s _____is responsible for moving packets from one host to another.A application layerB transport layerC network layerD link layer90.In the following applications, which one is a bandwidth-sensitive application?A E-mailB web applicationC real-time audioD file transfer91. In the following applications, which one uses UDP?A E-mailB web applicationC file transferD DNS92. In the following four descriptions, which one is correct?A If one host’s transport layer uses TCP, then its network layer must use virtual-circuit network.B Datagram network provides connection serviceC The transport-layer connection service is implemented in the routerD The network-layer connection service is implemented in the router as well as in the end system.93.____ is a speeding-matching service---matching the rate which the sender is sending against the rate at which the receiving application is reading.A congestion controlB flow controlC sliding-window controlD variable control94. In the following four descriptions about Rcv-Window, which one is correct?A The size of the TCP RcvWindow never changes throughout the duration of the connectionB The size of the TCP RcvWindow will change with the size of the TCP RcvBufferC The size of the TCP RcvWindow must be less than or equal to the size of the TCP RcvBufferD Suppose host A sends a file to host B over a TCP connection, the number of unacknowledged bytes that A sends cannot exceed the size of the size of the RcvWindow.95. There are 6 flag fields. Which one is to indicate that the receiver should pass the data to the upper layer immediately?A PSHB URGC ACKD RST96. Suppose the TCP receiver receives the segment that partially or completely fills in gap in received data, it will ____.A immediately send ACKB immediately send duplicate ACKC wait some time for arrival of another in-order segmentD send single cumulative97. _____ imposes constrain on the rate at which a TCP sender can send traffic into the network.A sliding windowB congestion windowC receive windowD variable window98. Flow control and congestion control are same at that they all limit the rate of the sender, but differ in that ____.A flow control limits its rate by the size of RcvWindow, but congestion control by the traffic on the linkB congestion control limits its rate by the size of RcvWindow, but flow control by the traffic on the linkC flow control mainly is accomplished by the sender, but congestion control by the receiver.D flow control mainly is accomplished by the receiver, but congestion control bythe link.99. This job of delivering the data in a transport-layer segment to the correct socket is called ____.A multiplexingB de-multiplexingC forwardingD routing100. If we define N to be the window size, base to be the sequence number of the oldest unacknowledged packet, and next-seq-num to be the smallest unused sequence number, then the interval [base, nextseqnum-1] corresponds to packet that ____.A can be sent immediatelyB have already been transmitted and acknowledgedC cannot be usedD have been sent but not yet acknowledged101. ____ are the two types of transport services that the Internet provides to the applications.A TCP and UDPB connection-oriented and connectionless serviceC TCP and IPD reliable data transfer and flow control102. In the following descriptions about persistent connection, which one is not correct?A The server leaves the TCP connection open after sending a responseB Each TCP connection is closed after the server sending one objectC There are two versions of persistent connection: without pipelining and with pipeliningD The default mode of HTTP uses persistent connection with pipelining103. The field of Length in UDP segment specifies the length of ____.A the UDP segment, not including the headerB the UDP segment, including the headerC the UDP segment’s headerD the Length field104. In TCP segment header, which field can implement the reliable data transfer?A source port number and destination port numberB sequence number and ACK numberC urgent data pointerD Receive window105. In the following four descriptions about TCP connection management, which one is not correct?A Either of the two processes participating in a TCP connection can end the connectionB If the FIN bit is set to 1, it means that it wants to close the connectionC In the first two step of the three-way handshake, the client and server randomly choose an initial sequence numberD In the three segments of the three-way handshake, the SYN bit must be set to 1 106. Suppose host A sends two TCP segments back to back to host B over a TCP connection. The first segment has sequence number 42, and the second has sequence number 110. If the 1st is lost and 2nd arrives at host B. What will be the acknowledgment number?A 43B ACK42C 109D ACK1101.Consider sending an object of size O=500,000bytes from server to client. LetS=500 bytes and RTT=0.2s. Suppose the transport protocol uses static windows with window size 5. For a transmission rate of 100Kbps, determine the latency for sending the whole object. Recall the number of windows K=O/ WS), and there is K-1 stalled state (that is idle time gaps).2.Consider the following plot of TCP congestion window size as a function of time.Fill in the blanks as follow:a) The initial value of Threshold at the first transmission round is ____. b) The value of Threshold at the 11st transmission round is ____. c) The value of Threshold at the 21st transmission round is ____. d) After the 9th transmission round, segment loss detected by ____.(A) Timeout(B) Triple duplicate ACKe) After the 19th transmission round, segment loss detected by ____.(A) Timeout(B) Triple duplicate ACKf) During ____ transmission round, the 18th segment is sent.3.Consider the TCP reliable data transfer in the given graph. If in Segment 1’s Sequence number =10,data=“AC”, please fill in the following blanks. a) In Segment 2, ACK number=____;b) In Segment 3, Sequence number =____; data=“0123456789”c) If there are some bits corrupted in segment 3 when it arrives Host B, then the ACK number in Segment 5 is ____; and the ACK number in Segment 6 is ____.14 180 26 3000 2 6 4 8 10 12 16 20 22 240 28 32Congestion window sizeTransmission round48121612345674. The client A wants to request a Web page from Server B. Suppose the URL of the page is 172.16.0.200/experiment, and also it wants to receive French version of object. The time-sequence diagram is shown below, please fill in the blanks.12345Packet① to Packet③are TCP connection’s segment, then:Packet ①: SYN flag bit= aACK flag bit= bSequence number= 92Packet ②: SYN flag bit=1ACK flag bit= c Sequence number=100 Packet ③: SYN flag bit= d ACK flag bit=1Sequence number= e5. Consider sending an object of size O=100 Kbytes from server to client. Let S=536 bytes and RTT=100msec. Suppose the transport protocol uses static windows with window size W.(1) For a transmission rate of 25 kbps, determine the minimum possible latency. Determine the minimum window size that achieves this latency. (2) Repeat (1) for 100 kbps.6. Consider the following plot of TCP congestion window size as a function of time. Please fill in the blanks as below.a) The initial value of Threshold at the first transmission round is____. b) The value of Threshold at the 11th transmission round is_____. c) The value of Threshold at the 21st transmission round is_____.14 18 26 30 0 2 6 4 8 10 12 16 20 22 24 28 32 Congestion window sizeTransmission round481216d) After the 9th transmission round, _____ occurs.e) After the 19th transmission round, ____ are detected.。
Chapter 3 参考答案
第三章练习题(参考答案)I. Define the following terms (名词解释) ：标准答案：略II. Multiple Choice Questions (单项选择)：III. Fill in the Blanks Questions (填空题)IV. True/False Questions (判断题)标准答案：1-5: FTFTF 6-10: TFTTT 11-15:FTFTTV. Essay Questions(问答题)1.参考答案：Culture can be defined as a society's accepted basis for responding toexternal and internal events. If a marketer is to interpret a culture's behavior and attitudes, it is essential to have some idea of a country's history and geography. By understanding culture, a marketer is better able to design products that are appropriate to the culture or be able to adapt those products.2.参考答案：Current population, rural/urban population shifts, rates of growth, agelevels, and population control help determine today's demand for various categories of goods. Although not the only determinant, the existence of sheer numbers of people is significant in appraising potential consumer markets.Changes in the composition and distribution of population among the world's countries will profoundly affect future demand.3.参考答案：First, immigration will not help to reduce the problem if political andcultural opposition to immigration cannot be overcome. Immigration will impact our lifestyles, standards of living, workforce composition, tastes, and relationships.4.参考答案：Sustainable development, a joint approach among those who seekeconomic growth with wise resource management, equitable distribution of benefits and reduction of negative efforts on people and the environment from the process of economic growth, is the concept that guides many governments and multinational companies today.5.参考答案：The students are free to construct their own lists (and then justifythem); however, a beginning point might be to include climate, knowledge of the Central American countries, and knowledge of this portion of a continent, the peoples, industries, and resources of the area, topography of the region, altitude, humidity, soil conditions, and temperature extremes. Other variables could be added.。
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第三章练习题I. Define the following terms (名词解释) ：1. Manifest Destiny 3. Sustainable development2. Roosevelt Corollary 4. Monroe DoctrineII. Multiple Choice Questions (单项选择)：1.___________ can be defined as a society's accepted basis for responding to external andinternal events.A. GeographyB. CultureC. Social classD. HistoryE. A national mission2. A society's accepted basis for responding to external and internal events is associated withwhich of the following terms?A. GeographyB. CultureC. Social classD. HistoryE. A national mission3.In 1700s the British colonies in North America complained about two important issues: 1)__________ and 2) __________.A. the poor British military defense of the colonies (against native American raids), the highBritish taxes on consumer goodsB. the prohibition of trade with merchants in Japan, the imposition of high British postageratesC. the threat of higher British taxes, the imposition of British military draft on the coloniesD. the prohibition to trade directly with merchants in other nations, the restrictions on returntravel to BritainE. the imposition of high British taxes, the prohibition to trade directly with merchants inChina4.It is necessary to study a country's __________ and __________ to appreciate andunderstand that country's view of foreign cultures.A. attitudes, geographyB. language, customsC. government, stabilityD. culture, historyE. behavior, language5.History helps define a nation's:A. mission.B. personality.C. wealth.D. birth rates.E. geography.6.History helps define a nation's perspective of all of the following EXCEPT:A. the nation's mission.B. how the nation perceives its neighbors.C. how the nation sees its place in the world.D. how the nation sees itself.E. how the nation manages its exports.7.Priscilla Jackson is a noted historian of the feminist movement and believes that she writesobjective facts about what she sees. However, like most historians, she is probably guilty of filtering events through her own ___________ biases.A. classB. socialC. culturalD. physicalE. dimension8.All of the following were used by the United States to expand westward toward the Pacificin the 1800s EXCEPT:A. financial deals.B. negotiated settlements.C. forcible annexations.D. WTO rulingsE. Manifest Destiny.9.Manifest Destiny and ______________ were accepted as the basis for U.S. foreign policyduring much of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.A. the "big stick" approachB. the Monroe DoctrineC. the Hays CorollaryD. the Grant MandateE. Latin American Security Treaty10.Theodore Roosevelt applied the Monroe Doctrine with an extension that became known asthe:A. Manifest Destiny.B. Hay Corollary.C. Wilson Mandate.D. Gadsden Policy Position.E. Roosevelt Corollary.11.What was the overall end result of The Mexican War of 1846-1848?A. Mexico was forced to cede a large part of its territory to the United States.B. Mexico signed a non-aggression pact and borders stayed the same as they were beforethe war.C. Mexico gave up California and the U.S. gave up Baja California.D. Mexico paid the U.S. $5 million for war damages.E. The United States was forced to sign a pledge to never again invade Mexico.12.The manner in which the United States acquired the land for the Panama Canal Zonetypifies _________________--whatever is good for the United States is justifiable.A. Manifest Destiny.B. Hay Corollary.C. Wilson Mandate.D. Gadsden Policy Position.E. Roosevelt Corollary.13.All of the following have been U.S. interventions in Latin America since 1945 EXCEPT:A. U.S. intervention in Afghanistan in 2002.B. Popular Revolution was neutralized by U.S. economic pressure (1952).C. CIA-organized invasion overthrows Arbenz (1954).D. U.S. invasion to arrest President Noriega on charges of drug trafficking (1989).E. U.S. attempts to thwart the election of Peron (1946).14.____________ is the study of the earth's surface, climate, continents, countries, peoples,industries, and resources.A. CultureB. GeographyC. CartographyD. DemographyE. Geo-politics15.Geography is part of which of the following?A. An organization's internal environment.B. An organization's controllable external environment.C. An organization's uncontrollable external environment.D. An organization's parallel environment (controllable).E. An organization's parallel environment (uncontrollable).rry Lam has the responsibility of doing a geographic appraisal for his company as itattempts to build a manufacturing facility in Borneo. Which of the following elements of geography would NOT be of particular interest to Mr. Lam as he prepares an appraisal of the feasibility of a venture in this tropical country?A. AltitudeB. HumidityC. Temperature extremesD. ClimateE. Latitude.17.Geographical features can pose serious impediments to __________ and __________.A. economic growth; tradeB. government policy; tradeC. corporate executives; labor unionsD. chaos management; controllable eventsE. natural bridges; railways18.Clean drinking water made available to more than 1000 rural villages in Africa is attributedto __________.A. the implementation of universal health careB. innovative, patented, rain-maker pumpsC. the increase in foreign aidD. building water treatment plantsE. innovative, patented, merry-go-round water pumps19.The English Channel tunnel, the Chunnel, built to facilitate trade with other EU members,has also been used by __________ to enter the United Kingdom.A. undocumented workersB. unemployed peopleC. protestantsD. trade unionsE. invading armies20.All of the following have the tendency to propel less-privileged countries into furthereconomic stagnation EXCEPT:A. religious practices.B. climate and topography.C. civil wars.D. natural disasters.E. poor environmental policies.III. Fill in the Blanks Questions (填空题)1.History is in ________, goes the old saying.2. A fundamental value in Japanese society is the importance of cooperation for the_______________.3.The _________________ bans developed countries from exporting hazardous wastes.4.The major reasons for the migration of people from rural to urban areas is to gain access toeducation, health care, and ________________.5.An underpinning of all commerce is effective __________--knowledge of where goodsand services exist and where they are needed and the ability to communicate instantaneously across vast distances.IV. True/False Questions (判断题)1. Culture can be defined as being one's amount of social standing. ( )2. If a marketer is to interpret a culture's behavior and attitudes, it is essential to have some idea of a country's history and geography. ( )3. History is a predominate variable in defining a company's "mission." ( )4. Prior to the coming of Admiral Perry in 1853, Japan could be characterized as being isolated from the rest of the world. ( )5. A fundamental premise of American ideology reflects the importance of cooperation for the collective good. ( )6. The prohibition of the colonial traders to trade directly with merchants in China was an important complaint by the colonists. ( )7. In a sense, American history really began with Japan. ( )8. When the Chinese Emperor took steps to stop opium trade the British responded militarily resulting in numerous Chinese ports being opened to trade and settlement by foreigners. ( )9. The study of geography is important in the evaluation of markets and their environment. ( )10. With respect to Latin America, citizens of the United States think that they have been good neighbors and that the Monroe Doctrine has been used to protect the various Latin American states from European interests. ( )11. After the Mexican Revolution, American businesspeople were encouraged to return and make investments in the country. ( )12. The policy of "Manifest Destiny" meant that American were a chosen people ordained by God to create a model society. ( )13. The Manifest Destiny Concept, a cornerstone of U.S. foreign policy, stated that there would be no further European colonization in the New World or Western Hemisphere. ( )14. The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine basically said, "Whatever is good for the United States is justifiable." ( )15. Geography is an element of the uncontrollable environment that confronts every marketer. ( )V. Essay Questions (问答题)1.Give a brief definition of culture as it applies to international marketing and explain whyunderstanding it is important to the global marketer.2.Explain the impact of global population trends on international marketing3.Japan and the United States will need 600 million immigrants between now and 2050 tokeep the worker/retiree ratio from falling. What does this mean for our future planning efforts in the marketing arena?4.Explain the concept of sustainable development.5.Tropicana, a well-known producer of juices, has just hired you to develop a list ofgeographical factors that might be important to a planned expansion move into Central America. You have decided to begin your effort with a list of eight important geographical factors that will eventually be investigated. Write out the eight categories and explain why they were picked.。