英语量词概念和用法

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•量词:

通常用来表示人、事物或动作的数量单位的词,叫做量词。

例如:a bag of (rice), a piece of (news), a cup of (tea)

•量词特点:

在英语中,有很多量词词组,例如:a group of,a flock of,a bunch of,a bundle of等等.

量词词组粗略地归纳了以下的特点,具体表现为:

特点一:

英语量词词组所表示的数或量,大致可归纳为四种类型,即定量、不定量、大量和少量。

1.表示定量的量词词组,譬如:

a couple of(两个、一对)

a couple of days,

a couple of players,

a couple of times;

a cupful of(一满杯)

a cupful of jelly,

a cupful of water;

a portion of(一份/客)

a portion of duck,

a portion of roast beef。

2.表示不定量的量词词组,譬如:

a majority of(大多数/大半)

a majority of opinions,

a majority of votes;

an atom of(一点)

an atom of food,

an atom of truth;

a spell of(一阵/一段时间)

a spell of fine weather,

a spell of coughing。

3.表示大量的量词词组,譬如:

a flood of—a flood of ink(洋洋大篇),

a flood of tears(泪如泉涌);

a heap of—a heap of earth(一堆泥土),

a heap of customers(许多顾客);

a mountain of—a mountain of debts(债台高筑),a mountain of difficulties(困难重重)。

4.表示少量的量词词组,譬如:

a drop of—a drop of fever(有点热度),

a drop of dew(一点露水);

a particle of—a particle of feeling(一丝感情),

a particle of dust(一点灰尘);

a shadow of—a shadow of doubt(一点怀疑),

a shadow of freedom(一点自由)。

特点二:

有些数量词组修饰可数名词,有些数量词组修饰不可数名词,还有些则两者均可修饰。1.修饰不可数名词的量词词组,譬如:

a bit of—a bit of English(一点英语),

a bit of good advice(一些好意见),

a bit of interest(一点兴趣);

a shred of—a shred of evidence(一点证据),

a shred of cloth(少量布),

a shred of reputation(一点声誉),

a sheet of—a sheet of glass(一块玻璃),

a sheet of water(一片汪洋)。

2.修饰可数名词的量词词组,譬如:

a cluster of—a cluster of flowers(一簇花),

a cluster of spectators(一群观众),

a cluster of bright stars(闪烁群星);

a string of—a string of pearls(一串珠子),

a string of curses(连续不断的咒骂),

a string of excuses(一连串借口);

a scram of—a scram of mosquitoes(一群蚊子),

a scram of geese(一群鹅),

a scram of children(一群孩子)。

3.修饰(不)可数名词的量词词组,譬如:

a body of cold air(一股冷空气),

a body of facts(许多事实);

a block of—a block of ice(一大块冰),

a block of flats(一幢公寓),

a block of houses(一排房子);

a chain of—a chain of ideas(一系列想法),

a chain of accidents(一连串事故),

a chain of proof(一连串证据)。

特点三:

有些数量词组的搭配是固定的,而有些搭配则比较灵活。1.搭配固定的量词词组,譬如:

a barrel of—a barrel of beer(一桶啤酒),

a barrel of crude oil(一桶原油);

a basket of—a basket of eggs(一篮鸡蛋),

a basket of apples(一篮苹果);

a line of—a line of trees(一行树),

a line of poetry(一行诗)。

2.搭配较灵活的量词词组,譬如:

a piece of—a piece of paper(一张纸),

a piece of furniture(一件家具),

a piece of equipment(一台设备);

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