延续性动词和短暂性动词的区别及用法

短暂动词当然可以用于进行时态。用什么时态和它是不是短暂动词没有什么关系。英语动词中，有些动词只用为表示状态；但有些动词，有时表示状态，有时又表示动作，遇到这样的动词，就要先分清它是作了状态动词呢，还是作了动作动词。如果是作了状态动词，就不用于进行体。

1、系动词表示状态，是状态动词，不用于进行体。

It is the Mid-autumn Festival today.

--Let’s go to the suburbs to enjoy the moon.

--It sounds a nice idea.

Cui Yongyuan looks good-humoured.

be动词也有用于进行体的时候。

2、感觉动词表示状态，是状态动词，不用于进行体。

They saw the plane splashing on the top of the hill.

The medicine tastes a little bitter.

Don’t you hear me? I’m saying.

常见的还有：feel, keep, notice, smell, etc.

如果表示强调、短暂、一时的状态，也可以用于进行体：

The weather is keeping fine these days.

I didn’t expect he is being terribly friendly to me.

My back is hurting.

3、表示思想活动的动词也是状态动词，不用于进行体。

I know nothing about the market for the festival.

I wonder why they have made a decision to go on with the work during the festival. What do you mean?

常见的还有：Admit, agree, appreciate, believe, care, consider, dislike, disbelieve, doubt, expect, find (=consider), forget, guess, imagine, realize, regret, remember, see (understand), suppose, think etc.

如果表示说话人的情感，也会用于进行体：

--I am loving the Beijing Opera, aren’t you?

--No. Frankly, I am hating it.

4、动词表示愿望、需要时也是一种状态，不用于进行体。

I hope we can have 7 days off over the festival.

We all desire health and happiness.

What you said requires careful thought.

常见的还有：need, want, wish etc.

5、存在与所属也是一种状态，表示存在与所属的动词也被看作是状态动词，不用于进行体。

He owed his success to luck more than to capacity.

The two sides have reached a partial agreement, but several differences still exist between them.

常见的还有：belong to, compare, concern, consist of, depend on, equal, have, include, involve, keep, own, possess, result, stand for etc.

动词have表示所属，但更多的情形是构成短语表示动作，这时，它就可以用于进行体了：

He has a good memory. (have在此例中表示possess, owe拥有，是状态)

I had a shock when I saw the size of the bill. (have 在此例中表示obtain得到，是状态)

Have the goodness to answer when I ask you a question! (have 在此例表示show显示，是状态)

He is always having a cigarette with his coffee. (have 在此例中表示drink喝，是动作)

We’re having guesses for dinner. (have在此例中表示invite邀请，是动作)

She’s having a baby in September. (have 在此例中表示to give birth生育，是动作) They are having her birthday party in the next room. (have在此例中表示experience as a part of group参与，是动作)

The couple are having a good time there. (have 在此例中表示enjoy享受，是动作) I’m having a bit of trouble with my computer. I have to stop now. (have 在此例中表示suffer遭受，是动作)

再来看你的最后一个问题：When I was opening the door, the telephone rang. 能写成When I opened the door , the phone was ringing.?

我猜你想表达的句子是“我正要打开门，突然电话响了”，这是中学常考的句型。那么句子应该是：

I was opening the door, when the telephone rang.

如果你想表达你正要开门，可是烦人的电话响了，句子应该是：

When I was opening the door, the telephone rang.

如果你要表达的是你在打开了门之后，发现电话铃声大响。句子就是：

When I opened the door, the phone was ringing.

你看出区别来了吗？问题的关键是你只是在追求句子的时态形式，反而没有意识到你是使用时态的主人，必须清楚你想表达什么意思。努力让自己做语言的主人，而不是语言的奴隶。单项选择在某种程度上会强化某个知识点，但同时也使你误入歧途。要时刻警惕呀，最好的办法是加强阅读，多接触正确的语料。