中英文文献翻译-消防冲锋舟拖车设计

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船用设备中英文

1、救生设备：Life-Saving Appliances救生/救助艇：Lifeboat/Rescue Boat救生/救助艇架：Lifeboat/Rescue Davit救生/救助艇、筏收放绞车：Lifeboat/Rescue Davit Winche救生衣：Life Raft Jacket气胀式救生筏：Inflatable Life Raft浸水保温救生服：Immersion Suit静水压力释放器：Automatic Hydrostatic Releases Unit救生圈：life buoy抛绳器：line-throwing appliance降落伞、火箭信号：parachute flare手持红火号：hand flare漂浮烟雾信号：buoyant smoke light singal救生圈自亮浮灯：life buoy self-igniting light海上撤离系统：marine eracuation system抗暴露服：anti-exposure suits保温用具：thermal protective救生衣灯：lifejacket light2、消防：Fire-Fighting And Protecting Installation And Appliance固定式灭火系统：Fixed Fire Extinguishing System手提式和推车式灭火器：Protable And Non-Portable Fire Extinguisher手提式泡沫枪装置：Protable Foam Applicator Unit水带：Fire Hoses消防栓、水枪：Fire Hydrants,Nozzles感温、感烟式探火报警系统：Smoke Detector,Heat Detector,Fire Detection And Alarm System货舱烟雾探测系统：Cargo Hold Smoke Detection System消防员装备：Fireman’S Outfits国际通岸接头：International Shore Connection自给式呼吸器：Self-Contained Breathing Appliance消防泵、应急消防泵：Fire Pump,Emergency Fire Pump惰气系统（含惰性气体发生器、洗涤塔、甲板水封、系统用管及压力真空阀）：Inert Gas System (Include Inert Gas Generator,Scrubber,Deck WaterSeal,Pipes And P/V Valves)3、轮机设备：Machinery主机（柴油机，燃汽油机，电力推进等）：Main Engine (DieselEngine,Turbines,Electric Propulsion Etc.)主机扫气箱固定式灭火系统：Main Engine Fixed Fire Extinguishing System 地脚螺栓：Foundation Bolts And Nuts For Main Engine树脂垫块材料：Cast Resin Chocks For Main Engine齿轮箱：Gear Box风机：Fans锅炉及附属装置：Boiler And Device锅炉：Boiler燃烧器：Burning Unit For Boiler控制箱：Control Pannel锅炉供水泵：Boiler Feed Watetr Pump锅炉循环水泵：Boiler Circulating Pump主辅机冷凝泵：Condenser Pump蒸汽冷凝器：Condenser蒸汽管，给水管，凝水管，法兰（仅一、二级管及法兰）：Steaming/Feeding,Water/Condenser Pipes,Flanges(For CCSclassⅠ、Ⅱ)And Valves压缩空气系统：Compressed Air System空压机（启动用）：Compressor空气瓶：Air Receiver滑油及燃油系统：L.O. And F.O. System燃油分油机：F.O. Purifier滑油分油机：L.O. Purifier燃油，滑油自清式滤器：L.O. / F.O. Filter燃油，滑油加热器：L.O. / F.O. Heater滑油泵：L.O. Pump燃油泵：F.O. Pump冷却系统：Cooling System海水，淡水冷却水泵：S.W. /F.W. Cooling Pump热交换器：Heat Exchangers压载系统：Ballast System遥控系统：Remote Control System4、电力，电器设备：Electrical Installation发电机组（辅机）：Electric Generator Set应急发电机组：Emergency Generator Set应急配电板：Emergency Switchboard主配电板：Main Switchboard机舱集控台：Engine Room Centralized Control Pannel主变压器：Transformer驾驶室集中控制台：ridge Centralized Control Pannel蓄电池：Accumulator Battery防爆开关和灯具：Explosion-Proof Switches And Lights电力和控制、通讯电缆、电线：Power/Instrumentation/Communication Cable 电动机（50kw以上或重要设备套用）：Electric Motor防爆电机：Explosion-Proof Electric Motor电加热器：Electric Heater电气控制箱（主要设备套用）：Electric Control Pannel充放电板：Battery Charging/Discharging Pannel主机遥控系统：M.E. Remote Control System安全和警报系统：Safety＆Alarm System车钟：Telegraph自动记录仪：automatic Recording Device船令广播系统：public Addresser System液位测量系统：Level Gauging System货舱温度监控系统：cargo Hold Temperature Monitoring System固定/便携式可燃气体探测仪：Fixed/Portable Gas Detector电工仪表：Electric Appearance/Meter.安电箱：Connecting Box For Land-Use Power5、轴系：Shafting推力轴：Thrust Shaft And Bearing中间轴及轴承：Intermediate Shaft And Bearing艉轴，螺旋桨轴：Stern Shaft,Screw Shaft艉轴管：Stern Tube艉轴承：Stern Shaft Bearing螺旋桨：Propeller联轴节：Shaft Couplings轴系连接螺栓：Coupling Bolts For Shaft特殊推进装置（可调桨、艏侧推、Z推、喷水推进器）：Special Propulsion (CPP. ,“Thruster, “Z” Propeller,Water Jet)艉轴密封装置：Stern Shaft Seal导流罩：Kort Nozzle△6、防污设备（须具IMO格式的认可证书复印件）：Pollution Prevention Equipment油水分离器：Oil Water Separator生活污水处理装置：Sewage Treatment Plant油份浓度计：Oil Content Meyer For 15ppm. Bigle Alarm焚烧炉：Incinerator油水界面探测仪：Oil/Water Interface Detectors原油洗舱机：Crude Oil Washing Machine排油监控系统及油份计：ODMS And Oil Content Meters7、专用设备：Special Equipment货油透气装置（Pv阀等）：Cargo Oil Tank Ventilation System货油泵：Cargo Oil Pump货油泵用原动机：Primer Mover For Cargo Oil Pump扫舱泵：Cargo Oil Stripping Pump水力风机：water Driving Fans洗舱海水加热器：washing Water Heater应急拖带装置：emergency Towing Unit液压蝶阀及遥控装置：hydraulic Blade Valve And Remote Control Units拖拽装置：Towing Appliances液化气罐：Lpg. Container冷藏装置：Refrigeration Installation液货舱液位系统：cargo Level Indicator System8、其他：Others装载仪：Loading Computer阴极保护：Cathodie Protection System 液位计：Liquidometer膨胀接头：Expansion Bellows木材系固索：Timber Lashings。

泡沫消防车配置英文版

【底盘技术参数】
【Chassis technical parameters】
底盘型号
Chassis model
EQ1168GLJ5
底盘名称
Chassis name
载货汽车底盘（二类）
Car chassis（II
商标名称
Trade name
东风牌
Dongfeng Brand
生产企业
manufacturer
9.00-20
钢板弹簧片数
Number of leaf springs
9/10+8,9/11+8
前轮距(mm)
Front track
1910,1960,1760,1810
燃料种类
Fuel type
柴油
Diesel
后轮距(mm)
Rear track
1800,1860,1690
排放标准
GB17691-2005国三GB3847-2005
泡沫消防车
Foam fire truck
【主要技术参数】
[The main technical parameters]
产品名称
Product name
泡沫消防车
Foam fire truck
产品号
size
ZMXMX5JD02Z
ZMXMX5JD02Z
总质量(Kg)
Total mass
13700
13700
罐体容积(m3)
Tank volume
5.713
5.713
额定载质量(Kg)
Rated contained mass
5200
外形尺寸(mm)
Dimensions
7360×2480×3330

建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献

建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献原文：Fire Safety Design of Indoor Pedestrian Streets of Large Commercial BuildingAbstractIndoor pedestrian streets in China developed rapidly in recent years. The current national fire safety standards do not give clear requirements on fire protection design. Fire safety design departments have difficulties in controlling the design, so there are many problems in the fire protection design to be solved. Based on structure characteristics and application status of large-scale commercial buildings, focusing on various existing difficulties in the indoor pedestrian streets fire protection design process, this thesis defines indoor pedestrian streets fire design ideas, and puts forward fire safety measures that should be taken in the interior pedestrian streets in the layout, fire separation, fire facilities, etc.Key words:large-scale commercial buildings; indoor pedestrian streets; fire safety measures 1. IntroductionWith the diversification of market demands and diversity of business modes, the traditional commercial buildings for shopping only are gradually transformed into multifunctional large commercial buildings in various forms, which integrate hopping, dining, entertainment, culture, arts and other consumer functions. While the indoor pedestrian streets can not only improve environment application conditions and climate adaptability, but also integrate the space and functions of connected commercial buildings, which greatly improves space efficiency.Indoor pedestrian streets is shown in Fig.1.However, its unique function and structure brings many problems in fire zone separation, evacuation, smoke exhaust and other aspects in fire protection design. Now there is no domestic specific regulation for indoor pedestrian streets design. It is not only a theoretical topic of academic research, but also an urgent practical problem to solve that how to avoid the blindness in fire design of indoor pedestrian streets, proper handling and solving all the process, and ensuring fire safety of indoor pedestrian streets. Combining the problems encountered in engineering practice, I建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献make analysis on fire design of indoor pedestrian streets and put forward fire prevention measures that should be taken.Fig. 1.Indoor Pedestrian streets2. Difficulties in fire design of indoor pedestrian streetsAs there are entrances set in shops on both sides of indoor pedestrian streets, the customers can flow in the shops through the pedestrian streets. In addition, the commercial buildings on both sides of indoor pedestrian streets vary in forms, with not only small shops in tight rows, but also large supermarkets and main shops, both enclosed space, and open or semi-open circulated space. Therefore, the fire safety design difficulties mainly exist in the following aspects:(1) In accordance with current fire design specifications, indoor pedestrian streets as a limited interior space, the closed space surrounded by buildings should comply with the relevant provisions of the atrium, and fire compartment area should be calculated by overlying the connected areas of upper and lower floors. If using roller shutters or walls to separate fire compartments, it will undoubtedly undermine the effect of architectural design, but not separating will result in over-large compartment area, exceeding regulatory requirements.(2) Evacuation distance from indoor outdoor pedestrian streets to a safe outdoor place often exceeds the specified safe evacuation distance.(3) Fire escapes of the shops are set in the pedestrian streets, and evacuation must be done through the indoor pedestrian streets.(4) The smoke design of current national fire safety design specifications is not applicable for indoor pedestrian streets. Designers often design natural smoke exhaust by referring to specifications on the requirements of atrium natural smoke exhaust, but there are some problems which can not be overlooked: first, due to "laminarization" phenomenon, for the建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献ceiling with clearance height greater than 12m, whether natural smoke exhaust windows can produce real effects; second, in many cases, indoor pedestrian streets also burdens safe evacuation of the shops , which meets atrium smoke exhaust design requirements of current fire protection standards. Whether it can ensure the evacuation safety of people in indoor pedestrian streets.(5) Although the indoor pedestrian streets is used for people passage,some problems may appear in the operation of commercial buildings: first, various temporary booths or stands set in the indoor pedestrian streets will not only increase the fire load, but also affect the safe evacuation; second, to protect the shopping environment from the outdoor weather conditions, in the course of business operation some commercial buildings open the smoke exhaust outlets and set doors and windows at the entrances and on the top of the indoor pedestrian streets, which changes the conditions of safe evacuation and smoke exhaust, posing a fire hazard.3.Indoor pedestrian streets fire design ideasThe biggest difference of indoor pedestrian streets from the outdoor one lies in the roof, so it does not have equal safety of outdoor street. The people evacuated from the shops on both sides have to pass the pedestrian streets before reaching a safe location outdoors. So pedestrian streets is a transition area and an additional part of the evacuation passage. Ideally, the people in an indoor pedestrian streets can enjoy equal safety conditions of outdoors during evacuation. Therefore, the question whether indoor pedestrian streets can serve as an evacuation safe zone, will directly affect the business layout and building fire safety design. For this purpose, I put forward the following design ideas:(1) Control the fire within the shops, to avoid it spreading to the indoor pedestrian streetsWhen fire occurs in shops on the side, try to control the fire in a small range as possible, in particular, to avoid fire and smoke spreading to the indoor pedestrian streets. Usually this can be done by taking active and passive fire protection measures.Separate fire compartment reasonably.Separate the shops that face the pedestrian streets using certain fire-resistant dividers to separate the fire, to limit the spread of fire within the shop. In the shops, automatic fire alarm system, smoke exhaust system and建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献automatic sprinkler systems shall be installed to timely detect the fire, control early fire and smoke spread, and limit the spread of fire from the shops into the pedestrian streets.Indoor pedestrian streetss should have sufficient width, to ensure that even though the fire spreads out of the shops, it will not reach the other side of the pedestrian streets.(2) Avoid the pedestrian streets from being the route of fire spreadIn order to avoid indoor pedestrian streetss from being the route of fire spread, ensure that the floor, wall, and ceiling material will not lead to the spread of the fire. Non-combustible material can be considered; load-bearing structure should have sufficient fire resistance to ensure the safety of evacuation and fire fighting and rescue.Measures should be taken to limit the spread of smoke in the pedestrian streets. The ideal condition of smoke control is that, the smoke exhaust systems in the shops can start in time and exhaust the smoke effectively, to prevent the smoke from spreading into the pedestrian streets. However, considering that the fire in the shops may go out of control, or the smoke exhaust systems in the shops do not start in time or start effectively, or the fire uncontrolled by the fire extinguishing system will soon nullify the indoor exhaust system, etc.there are possibilities that the smoke in the shops spreads to the pedestrian streets. And sometimes unavoidably there are small amounts of combustible that can produce smoke when fire occurs, so it is necessary to install smoke exhaust system in the pedestrian streets.To prevent movable combustible in the pedestrian streets, such as holiday decorations, temporary stands,etc.from causing fire, it should be considered to install automatic sprinkler system or automatic scanning and positioning fire extinguishing system in the corridor and larger atrium of the indoor pedestrian streets.(3) Ensure that people within the indoor pedestrian streets can be quickly evacuated to the outsideThe people detained in the shops and pedestrian streets may not be familiar with building and evacuation routes. Even if the building provides relatively safe evacuation routes and fire exits independent of the pedestrian streets, it should also be considered due to unfamiliarity people may evacuate through the pedestrian streets, resulting in extended time of evacuation. Indoor pedestrian streets, after all, does not have the equal safety of outdoors, so measures should be taken in favor of quick evacuation.建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献The pedestrian streets should not be used for purposes other than human passage. There should be no arrangement of fixed commercial stalls or obstacles impeding the evacuation, and adequate width should be maintained to meet the evacuation needs and to avoid being overcrowded, which will affect the speed of evacuation.If the exit of shop connects directly to the indoor pedestrian streets, and extends to a safe place outside via the pedestrian streets, the distance from the exit of shop to the exit of the pedestrian streets should be controlled without being too long.As a main channel for safe evacuation, the pedestrian streets should have good emergency lighting and evacuation instructions to ensure smooth evacuation in case of fire. For indoor pedestrian streets with more complex or longer evacuation routes, emergency lighting should be strengthened, intelligent evacuation signs should be set, and fire emergency broadcast system should be allocated, to guide the evacuation in order.(4)Create favorable conditions for external fire fighting and rescueEven if the pedestrian streets is equipped with automatic fire extinguishing system, it does not rule out the case for various reasons fire occurs and spreads, which will need fire fighting service and rescue. Basic fire fighting and rescue measures are:Overall planning and rational setting of commercial building’s fire track create favorable external conditions for the fire brigade to perform rescue, and facilitate quick access for fire engines to the inside or fire site of commercial building.If the indoor pedestrian streets is relatively long, indoor pedestrian streets entrances should be set on the first floor at certain intervals for firefi ghters’ access. Fire rescue operation site should be set on the side of the building more than 24m in height, and window entrance for firefighters should be set on each floor on the wall where fire operation is performed. For the convenience of access to water, in addition to setting the fire hydrant within the shops, the fire hydrant and hose reel should also be set up within the pedestrian streets4.Indoor pedestrian streets fire protection measuresEach layer of indoor pedestrian streets, through the atrium gallery and escalator are connected with each other, creating an open, transparent continuous interior space. This open建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献and transparent settings,the commercial building shopping personnel can easily recognize direction,on emergency evacuation is very beneficial,but also insightful space indoor pedestrian streets has enough smoke storage space, slowing the smoke sedimentation velocity. But because the evacuation through indoor pedestrian streets to via staircases were evacuated, so need to ensure indoor pedestrian streets fire bining the stated fire safety design ideas, I propose the following fire protection measures:4.1. LayoutRational design of indoor pedestrian streets layout has a positive significance in reducing fire hazards to people and property, reducing economic losses and facilitating fire rescue.To reduce fire risk, commercial buildings should not operate or store commodities with fire risk properties classified as A and B, and no food stands should not be set on the pedestrian streets. To prevent the fire in the shops or in the pedestrian streets from spreading to or along the pedestrian streets, the pedestrian streets width shall meet requirements of fire prevention distance, 8m at least. The pedestrian streets should not be longer than 300m. If it is longer than 300m, open passage with width not less than 6m should be set at places within 300m, in order to facilitate the evacuation, and to delay and prevent the spread of fire, working as a fire barrier.The exits of shops on sides should connect directly to the pedestrian streets, and the exits connecting the shops and the pedestrian streets can be designed as fire escapes. The distance from the shop exit to a nearest outdoor place of safety should not be greater than 60m, in order to facilitate safe evacuationLoop fire engine track should be set around the commercial buildings. If there are difficulties, fire engine tracks with width not less than 6m should be set on two long sides of the building. If the length of the build ing’s outer boundary is greater than 150m or the total length is greater than 220m, a track through the building should be set. To facilitate fire engines’ access, do not set obstacles at the entrance of the street, or set seats, landscape, and other facilities in the street. Do not affect fire fighting or the passage of fire engines. Set fire track signs on the ground, in which there should be no obstacles or open doors & windows or steps, etc.建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献4.2. Fire separation(1) For non-food shops, shop building area should not exceed 300 m2, and the pedestrian streets and shops should be separated with 1.0h window-type spray cooling system protective tempered glass for fire separation; if the building area is more than 300 m2, 2.0h type one should be used.(2) The shop door that opens to the indoor pedestrian streets should be able to automatically shut down when fire occurs, and it should be sealed well to prevent the smoke entering into the interior pedestrian streets. The door should meet the fire resistance of not less than 1.0h.A space no less than 500mm should be left between the top of the door and the ceiling as smoke accumulating space. It is recommended to use a two-way spring door with electromagnetic absorber, so that the doors automatically close in case of emergency power-off due to fire. And ensure that both sides can be opened and automatically closed after opening.(3) The fire resistance of the walls between the shops with building area less than 300m2 should not be lower than 2.0h; for shops greater than 300m2, use walls with fire resistance not less than 3.0h to separate the adjacent shops; the walls should be built to the bottom of the upper floor. The horizontal distance between the door and window openings on both sides of the walls should be no less than 2.0m.(4) Fire damper which can be automatically closed at 70 should be set in the air conditioner and ventilation pipe through the fire wall of the shop, and smoke damper which can be automatically closed at 280 should be set in the smoke exhaust pipe.4.3. Fire fighting facilities(1) Fire extinguishing system: automatic sprinkler system should be set in the pedestrian streets corridor, and fast response sprinklers should be used. For atrium area fixed fire monitor system should be used. Fire hydrant and hose reel should be set at intervals of 50m in the indoor pedestrian streets.(2) Fire detection and alarm system: point-type smoke detectors should be set in the pedestrian streets corridor; beam line smoke detectors can be set at the top of the pedestrian streets.建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献(3) Smoke system: natural draft system can be used in the pedestrian streets. Sufficient natural draft windows should be arranged in the ceiling, exhausting the smoke in the street timely by reliable linkage starting. The area of natural draft windows should be no less than 20% of the pedestrian streets surface.(4) The emergency lighting and evacuation signs: centralized power and centralized control type should be used. Light-type evacuation signs which can maintain a visual continuity should be set on the ground the evacuation routes of the pedestrian streets. The evacuation signs should use safe voltage, and the intervals of ground evacuation signs should be no greater than 5m.5.ConclusionIndoor pedestrian streets in China developed rapidly in recent years. The current national fire safety standards do not give clear requirements on fire protection design. Fire safety design departments have difficulties in controlling the design , so there are many problems in the fire protection design to be solved. Basically, the proposed fire safety measures are able to meet the current needs of using indoor pedestrian streets, which are also realistic and can provide new ideas for indoor pedestrian streets fire safety design. Only reasonable measures can reduce fire risk, to ensure fire safety of indoor pedestrian streets.Reference[1] GB50016-2006.Code of design on building fire protection and prevention.[2] Fire Bureau of Ministry of Public Security, Handbook of Fire Protection[M]. Science and Technology Publishing of Shanghai.2007.[3] HUO Ran,YUAN,HongYong Performance based fire prevention analysis and design ofbuildings[M]. Science and Technology Publishing of Anhui,2003.[4] NFPA Life Safety Code, NFPA (Fire) 101, National Fire Protean, Association, 2005.译文：大型商业综合体室内步行街消防安全设计建筑消防安全中英文对照外文翻译文献摘要近几年中国的室内步行街发展迅速。

搬运拖车移动机器人中英文对照外文翻译文献

中英文资料外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)一种实用的办法--带拖车移动机器人的反馈控制摘要本文提出了一种有效的方法来控制带拖车移动机器人。

轨迹跟踪和路径跟踪这两个问题已经得到解决。

接下来的问题是解决迭代轨迹跟踪。

并且把扰动考虑到路径跟踪内。

移动机器人Hilare的实验结果说明了我们方法的有效性。

1引言过去的8年，人们对非完整系统的运动控制做了大量的工作。

布洛基[2]提出了关于这种系统的一项具有挑战性的任务，配置的稳定性，证明它不能由一个简单的连续状态反馈。

作为替代办法随时间变化的反馈[10,4,11,13,14,15,18]或间断反馈[3]也随之被提出。

从[5]移动机器人的运动控制的一项调查可以看到。

另一方面，非完整系统的轨迹跟踪不符合布洛基的条件，从而使其这一个任务更为轻松。

许多著作也已经给出了移动机器人的特殊情况的这一问题[6,7,8,12,16]。

所有这些控制律都是工作在相同的假设下：系统的演变是完全已知和没有扰动使得系统偏离其轨迹。

很少有文章在处理移动机器人的控制时考虑到扰动的运动学方程。

但是[1]提出了一种有关稳定汽车的配置，有效的矢量控制扰动领域，并且建立在迭代轨迹跟踪的基础上。

存在的障碍使得达到规定路径的任务变得更加困难，因此在执行任务的任何动作之前都需要有一个路径规划。

在本文中，我们在迭代轨迹跟踪的基础上提出了一个健全的方案，使得带拖车的机器人按照规定路径行走。

该轨迹计算由规划的议案所描述[17]，从而避免已经提交了输入的障碍物。

在下面，我们将不会给出任何有关规划的发展，我们提及这个参考的细节。

而且，我们认为，在某一特定轨迹的执行屈服于扰动。

我们选择的这些扰动模型是非常简单，非常一般。

它存在一些共同点[1]。

本文安排如下：第2节介绍我们的实验系统Hilare及其拖车：两个连接系统将被视为（图1）。

第3节处理控制方案及分析的稳定性和鲁棒性。

在第4节，我们介绍本实验结果。

图1带拖车的Hilare2 系统描述Hilare是一个有两个驱动轮的移动机器人。

987_消防冲锋舟拖车设计

摘要现代随着救援抢险设备的发展将需要更加便捷灵活的运输工具,冲锋舟拖车设计的技术在高科技抢险救援的研究开发中将起着越来越重要的作用。

冲锋舟拖车设计与抢险救援有着密切的联系,在未来抢险救援设备技术的开发中和设备高速灵活的运输中占据主导地位;在其开发利用及其深加设计程中还必须考虑各类型地里环境和可持续发展。

未来冲锋舟拖车设计发展趋势是高速、适应性强、简便和灵活。

虽然可以通过普通运输车运输,但其成本过高，运输不灵活,运输过程中容易对冲锋舟造成破损。

至今未能普遍应用。

优质的消防冲锋舟拖车对产品本身的使用安全要求、产品设计的机动灵活性要求、产品专业度和全面性要求很高。

无论是加工工艺还是选择型材、本身功能和用途要求多元化、机动灵活性以及配件的选择等，都有较高的要求，自己有这样全优全控的优秀组合，才能确保消防冲锋舟拖车等装备使用安全，进而确保救援人员的人生安全。

冲锋舟拖车包括山木型和滚轮型。

整车镀锌、采用高强度耐磨的聚乙烯滚轮、防腐较强的山木而研制的新型专用拖车，拖车采用汽车制造工艺，配备专用的工装夹具一次成型，确保车架实用美观。

其结构包括用于装载冲锋舟的拖车本体、设置于所述的拖车本体下方的车轮、设置于所述的拖车本体前方的用于与运输车相连接的挂钩，还包括下端部与所述的拖车本体相转动地连接的立杆、一端部与所述的立杆的上端部通过第一转轴相转动地连接的横杆、设置于横杆的另一端部的用于升降冲锋舟的升降机构，所述的升降机构包括固定设置于所述的横杆上的连接部、绕设于所述的连接部上的牵引索、连接于所述的牵引索上的用于与所述的冲锋舟的边缘部相连接的两个连接件，进一步进行强度和配合等审核关键词: 消防；冲锋舟；拖车AbstractAlong with the development of modern emergency rescue equipment will need to be more flexible and convenient transportation, assault boat trailer design technology plays a more and more important role in the research and development of hightech rescue. Design and emergency rescue boats trailers are closely linked, occupy the leading position in the development of future rescue equipment technology and equipment of highspeed flexible transport; in its development and utilization of the deep and the design process must also consider the types in the environment and sustainable development.Future development trend is charge boat trailer design of high speed, strong adaptability, convenient and flexible. Although the common transport vehicle, but the cost is too high, the transportation is not flexible, the transport process is easy to cause the damage to assault boat. Has not be widely applied. High quality fire assault boat trailer for the product itself that is used safety requirements, flexibility of product design requirements, professional products and comprehensive high requirements. Whether the process is still choose the profile, function and use of diversified requirements itself, flexibility and choice of accessories and so on, have higher requirements, the excellent combination of himself with such a full control, to ensure the safe use of fire assault boat trailers and other equipment, and to ensure that the rescue personnel life safety.Assault boat trailer include roller type. Automobile galvanized, uses the high strength wearresisting polythene roller, anticorrosion strong wooden and developed a new type of special trailer, trailer adopts auto manufacturing process, equipped with special fixture of a molding, ensuring the frame and practical appearance. The structure comprises a trailer body for trailer below the main body, loading assault boat is arranged on the wheel, is arranged on the front part of the body of the trailer for the hook is connected with the transport vehicle, lifting mechanism for assault boat trailer body also comprises a lower part and the phase rotation connection pole at one end, and the vertical rod of the upper end of the phase rotation through a first rotating shaft connecting bar, is arranged on the other end of the bar, the lifting mechanism comprises a connecting part, is wound around the connecting part of the traction rope, connected to the traction for two connectors connected with the edge of the boats of the cable rail fixed on the upper, further strength and coordination of auditKeywords: Fire; Canoe;Trail Car目录摘要 (I)ABSTRACT (II)目录 (V)1 绪论 (1)1.1 消防冲锋舟拖车产业发展概述 (1)1.1.1 世界消防冲锋舟发展历史 (1)1.1.2 我国拖车发展历程及趋势 (1)1.1.3 冲锋舟拖车现状及发展趋势 (1)1.2 冲锋舟拖车设计技术研究现状 (2)1.3本课题的研究目的和主要研究内容 (2)1.3.1消防冲锋舟拖车的研究目的 (2)1.3.2消防冲锋舟拖车研究的主要内容 (2)1.3.3消防冲锋舟拖车的国内外研究情况 (3)1.3.4 消防冲锋舟拖车的设想来由 (3)1.4本章小结 (3)2 消防冲锋舟的数据获取 (4)2.1 消防冲锋舟的特性 (4)2.2 消防冲锋舟的参数获取 (4)3 消防冲锋舟拖车的结构设计 (6)3.1消防冲锋舟拖车的构造设计 (6)3.2 消防冲锋舟拖车的支架选择设计 (8)3.2.1 车架承载状况 (8)3.2.2 主车架设计 (8)3.3 拖车车架强度校核 (9)3.3.1基本假设 (9)3.3.2车架受力分析及计算 (9)3.3.3车架纵梁弯矩计算 (9)3.3.4 强度校核 (10)3.3.5 纵梁和横梁材料 (10)3.4 拖车车架参数确定 (10)3.5 拖车结构的确定 (11)4消防冲锋舟拖车零件选择与设计 (12)4.1 消防冲锋舟拖车的轴承的选择设计 (12)4.1.1 轴承的选择依据和准则 (12)4.1.2 轴承的选择参数 (12)4.1.3 轴承的工序及计算选择 (14)4.2 消防冲锋舟拖车的轮胎的选择设计 (18)4.3 消防冲锋舟拖车的活络脚轮的选择设计 (21)4.3.1 脚轮的组成 (21)4.4钢结构连板焊接的计算 (24)4.5 标准件的选择 (25)5结论与展望 (30)致谢 (31)参考文献 (32)1 绪论1.1 消防冲锋舟拖车产业发展概述冲锋舟，是充气艇的一种,分有玻璃钢板的冲锋舟和橡皮艇式的冲锋舟，现代充气冲锋舟主要用于政府机构执行海事任务的比较多，方便运输简易安装使用，现成为民间一种用于休闲娱乐设备。

机械外文翻译文献翻译--消防冲锋舟拖车设计

中文3035字英文原文Fire assault boat trailer designAssault boat special trailer for wood type and wheel type vehicle, galvanized, using high-strengthwear-resistant polyethylene roller, anti-corrosion strong wood and developed a new type of special trailer. trailer with automobile manufacturing technology, equipped with a special fixture of a molding, ensuring the frame and practical aesthetics. One can store 3-5 assault boats, and supporting the use of motor vehicles in the vacuum tire, waterproof wire speed and LED taillight.Assault boat special trailer gather domestic and international various assault boat specifications and models, the use of internationally popular boat design concept, to ensure that the vehicle has reasonable design; with special fixture, ensure the quality of vehicle location; unifies the domestic actual situation, using wood as assault boat bottom bunk, ensure the uniform stress, transportation safety fast, easy to use; with the towing vehicle ( car ) for supporting the vacuum tire, ensure the safety car at high speed.The quality of fire assault boat trailers to product use high safety requirements, whether the processing technology or selection profiles, as well as parts of the selection, have higher requirements, they have such quality control of excellent combination, to ensure fire assault boat trailers and other equipment the use of safety, and to ensure that the rescue personnel life safety.The quality of fire assault boat trailers to the product design flexibility requirements higher, regardless of the specialty of emergency rescue equipment is a comprehensive emergency rescue equipment, as well as a comprehensive professional emergency rescue equipment, only with strong flexibility, to ensure fire punch front boat rescue equipment quickly and accurately the arrival of the first rescue scene, strive for more rescue time, also will have more risks this life, Wei emergency rescue team of professionals to provide reliable safe guard.The quality of fire assault boat trailer for products of professional degree and comprehensive to very high. Professional degree on behalf of the product required to reach a height, a comprehensive representationof the product itself and a plurality of function requirements, and to adapt to a variety of terrain and a varietyof emergency rescue, emergency rescue equipment for the integrated protection provided.Assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloadingAssault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading, including for loading assault boat trailer body, is arranged on the trailer body beneath the wheel, is arranged on the trailer body front and transport vehicle for connecting hook, which is characterized in that: the lower part and also includes the trailer body are in rotary connection vertical rod, one end and the vertical rod at the upper end of the first rotating shaft is connected by rail, arranged on the railThe other end for lifting the assault boat lifting mechanism, wherein the vertical rod rotation center along the upper and lower direction, the first shaft center line extends along the horizontal direction,Assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading, characterized in that: the trailer body is provided with upward opening slots, wherein the lower end of the vertical rod is inserted in the plug, the lower end of the vertical rod and the slots are arranged between the rotating bear. The rotation of vertical rod which consider revises the plumb direction.Both sides of the trailer body relative to said ground along the up-down direction slide is provided with at least two support frames, the trailer for transport to lose in the first work position and used for loading or unloading of second working position, when the trailer is in the first position, the wheels nadir below the support frame of the nadir, when the trailer is located in the second working position, the wheels of the nadir above the support frame of the nadir, the supporting frame. The trailer body is arranged between the two in the first work position to lock or second working position locking machine Structure. Cross rod and the vertical rod are arranged between the Jacks.The trailer body with the assault boat bottom surfaces that with the support surface, the support are arranged on the surface of silica gel. The lifting mechanism comprises fix on the rail connection, is wound around the connecting part of the traction rope, and attached to the traction cable for the assault boat edge is connected with the two connecting pieces.The two connecting piece is provided with the assault boat edge part matched with the card slot, the slot in the depth direction extends along the horizontal direction.Assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading technologyThe utility model relates to an assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading.The background technologyIn the existing technology used to transport assault boat trailers, usually includes only used for loading the assault boat trailer body, is arranged on the trailer body beneath the wheel, is arranged on the trailer body in front of the used and the transport vehicle. Take the hook, loaded or unloaded assault boats, need to achieve by crane, operation is troublesome.The utility model contentThe utility model solves the technical problem of providing an assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading. In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is: a kind of automatic loading and unloading assault boatThe trailer for loading, including assault boat trailer body, is arranged on the trailer body beneath the wheel, is arranged on the .In front of the trailer body for transport vehicle is connected to the lower end of the hook, also included with the trailer body is connected with the vertical rod, one end of the vertical rod and the upper end of the first rotating shaft is connected by rail, arranged on the other end of the transverse rod is used for lifting the assault boat lifting mechanism, wherein the vertical rod rotation center along the upper and lower direction, the first shaft center line extends along the horizontal direction.In some embodiments, the trailer body is provided with upward opening slots, the lower end of the vertical rod is inserted in the slot, the lower end of the vertical rod and the slots are arranged between the rotating bear.Stud rotation centers along the vertical extension.Both sides of the trailer body relative to said ground along the up-down direction slide is provided with at least two support frame, used to transport trailer has the first work position and used for loading or unloading of second working position, when the trailer is in the first position, the wheel nadir below the support frame of the nadir, when the trailer is located in the second working position, the lowest point of the wheel is higher than that of the supporting frame of the nadir, the supporting frame and the trailer body is arranged between the two in the first work position will be locked or articleWorking position locks mechanism.In some embodiments, rod and the vertical rod are arranged between the jacks. The trailer body with the assault boat bottom that surfaces with the support surface, the support were arranged on the surface of silica gel. Easy to include boats under surface is not scratched. The lifting mechanism comprises a fixed on the rail connection.On the connection of the traction rope, connected to the traction cable for the assault boat edge is connected with the two connecting pieces.The two connecting piece is provided with the assault boat edge part matched with the card slot, the slot in the depth direction extends along the horizontal direction. Card slot and the assault boat edge part are matched, thereby increasing the force area, convenient protection boats not deformation.The utility model range, is not limited to the technical characteristics of the particular combination of the technical scheme, and also should be covered by the technical feature or its equivalent features for any combination of the formation of other technical scheme. In the above example features with similar functional technical characteristics are replaced each formed technical schemeThe technical scheme is used, the utility model has the following advantages: through the lift conformation can be assault boat lift, then turning pole, can be loaded or unloaded assault boats carried out, makes the trailer features than multiple, convenient operation.An assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading, including for loading assault boat trailer body, is arranged on the trailer body beneath the wheel, is arranged on the trailer body front and transport vehicle for connecting hooks, also consists of a lower part and the trailer body is connected vertical rod, one end of the vertical rod and the upper end of the first rotating shaft is connected by rail, arranged on the transverse rod and the other end of the used for lifting the assault boat lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism comprises a fixed on the rail connection, around on the connection of the traction rope, attached to the traction cable for the assault boat edge is connected with the two connecting pieces. The two connecting piece is provided with the assault boat edge part matched with the card slot, the slot in the depth direction extends along the horizontal direction.Vertical rod rotation center along the vertical direction, the first shaft center -line extends along the horizontal direction. The trailer body is provided with upward opening slots, the lower end of the vertical rod is inserted in the slot, the lower end of the vertical rod is arranged between the rotary bearing with slots. Both sides of the trailer body relative to said ground along the up-down direction slide is provided with at least two support frame, used to transport trailer has the first work position and used for loading or unloading ofsecond working position, when the trailer is in the first position, the wheels nadir below the support frame the lowest point, when the trailer is located in the second working position, the lowest point of the wheel is higher than that of the branch..Supporting frame for the lowest point, support frame and the trailer body is arranged between the two in the first work position to lock or second working position locking mechanism. The locking mechanism is not the utility model points, as long as it is able to be two phase sliding parts are locked in at least two working position of the locking mechanism can be used here, concrete structure in.Cross rod and the vertical rod are arranged between the jacks. The trailer body with the assault that boats bottom surface with the support surface, the support are arranged on the surface of silica gel. The boats are placed on the supporting surface, the contact between the larger, less force, transport processes in the assault boat more stable.中文翻译消防冲锋舟拖车设计冲锋舟专用拖车分为山木型和滚轮型，整车镀锌、采用高强度耐磨的聚乙烯滚轮、防腐较强的山木而研制的新型专用拖车，拖车采用汽车制造工艺，配备专用的工装夹具一次成型，确保车架实用美观。

某拖曳水池重型拖车系统设计

某拖曳水池重型拖车系统设计陈玉龙;张亮【摘要】In order to verify the design of heavy trailer of towing tank, a heavy trailer structure was presented. The basic components were in-troduced, and the working principle of towing test of the trailer system was expounded emphatically. Using the 3D design software CREO2. 0, the model of the trailer was built based on the parameter design. Based on the solid model, the finite element analysis software HyperMesh and Abaqus were used to simulate the static stiffness and strength and the natural frequency of the trailer and the central bridge lifting rod. On the basis of this, the correlation analysis and calculation of the track system which affected the precision of the trailer was carried out. The research results show that the structure strength and natural frequency of the trailer can meet the design requirements.%针对拖曳水池重型拖车系统设计展开验证说明的问题,提出了一种应用于国家某重点专项大型拖曳水池的重型拖车结构,介绍了重型拖车系统基本组成,阐述了进行拖曳试验的工作原理.通过运用三维设计软件CREO2.0,建立了基于参数设计的重型拖车三维实体模型.基于建立的三维实体模型,采用有限元前处理软件HyperMesh及数值分析软件Abaqus对重型拖车车体及两型中央测试平台升降杆的静刚度及强度、固有频率等展开了仿真分析,在此基础上对影响重型拖车运行精度的轨道系统进行了强度、挠度及固有频率的分析计算.研究结果表明:该型重型拖车的整体结构强度及固有频率等指标均能满足设计要求.【期刊名称】《机电工程》【年(卷),期】2017(034)009【总页数】5页(P1004-1008)【关键词】拖曳水池;拖车;刚度;强度;固有频率【作者】陈玉龙;张亮【作者单位】中国船舶重工集团公司第七一○研究所,湖北宜昌443003;中国船舶重工集团公司第七一○研究所,湖北宜昌443003【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TH114;U661.73作为经略海洋的重要支撑，提高海洋工程装备的技术水平和高技术船舶的研发水平显得尤为重要。

消防冲锋舟拖车设计

编号无锡太湖学院毕业设计（论文）题目：消防冲锋舟拖车设计信机系机械工程及自动化专业学号：学生姓名：指导教师：（职称：副教授）（职称：）2013年5月25日无锡太湖学院本科毕业设计（论文）诚信承诺书本人郑重声明：所呈交的毕业设计（论文）消防冲锋舟拖车设计是本人在导师的指导下独立进行研究所取得的成果，其内容除了在毕业设计（论文）中特别加以标注引用，表示致谢的内容外，本毕业设计（论文）不包含任何其他个人、集体已发表或撰写的成果作品。

班级：学号：作者姓名：2013 年5 月25 日无锡太湖学院信机系机械工程及自动化专业毕业设计论文任务书一、题目及专题：1、题目消防舟冲锋舟拖车设计2、专题二、课题来源及选题依据目前我国消防冲锋舟拖车设备比较落后，运载运输不便，同时存在许多安全隐患，而且运输的成本大，灵活性低，运输时易造成磨损。

本设计为消防舟运输拖车设计。

该拖车既可以减少运输时间，降低运输成本，同时还可以消除安全隐患，防止运输造成的磨损和破坏，保证了抢险救援的及时性，而且产品的质量更加得以保证。

三、本设计（论文或其他）应达到的要求：1.通过该设计使学生熟悉机械设计的一般思路。

2.使学生掌握机械设计的方法和技巧。

3.通过设计巩固机械制图、机械设计、液压与气动等课程的基础知识。

4. 掌握拖车运作的原理、性质以及它为何作为冲锋舟运输的性能评价标准的理由；5. 能够熟练使用CAD操作软件。

针对典型的二维和三维图像，采用基于CAD 的基本系统对其操作，用客观标准和主观标准综合评价重建图像的质量；6.完成零、部件图5张以上。

7.完成塑料盒封口机总装图1张。

8.撰写毕业说明书一份。

①计算正确完整，文字简洁通顺，书写整齐清晰。

②论文中所引用的公式和数据应注明出处。

③论文字数不少于1.5万字四、接受任务学生：班姓名I五、开始及完成日期：自2012年11月12日至2013年5月25日六、设计（论文）指导（或顾问）：指导教师签名签名签名教研室主任〔学科组组长〕签名研究所所长系主任签名2012年11月12日II摘要现代随着救援抢险设备的发展将需要更加便捷灵活的运输工具,冲锋舟拖车设计的技术在高科技抢险救援的研究开发中将起着越来越重要的作用。

全方位消防设施设计指南英文版

全方位消防设施设计指南英文版Comprehensive Fire Protection Facility Design GuideFire protection facilities are crucial in ensuring the safety of buildings and occupants. This design guide covers various aspects of designing fire protection facilities to meet safety standards and regulations. From fire alarms to sprinkler systems, this document provides recommendations for creating a comprehensive fire protection plan. Explore the following sections to learn more about designing effective fire protection facilities.Fire Alarm SystemsFire alarm systems are essential for early detection of fires. Designing a reliable fire alarm system involves selecting the right type of detectors, control panels, and notification devices. Consider factors such as building size, occupancy, and layout when designing a fire alarm system.Sprinkler SystemsSprinkler systems play a critical role in suppressing fires and minimizing damage. Designing an effective sprinkler system requires careful consideration of sprinkler head placement, water supply, and system design. Consult with a fire protection engineer to ensure compliance with regulations and industry standards.Fire ExtinguishersFire extinguishers are portable devices used for extinguishing small fires. When designing a fire protection plan, determine the appropriate placement of fire extinguishers based on fire risk assessments and building codes. Ensure that fire extinguishers are easily accessible and properly maintained.Emergency LightingEmergency lighting is essential for guiding occupants to safety during a fire emergency. Designing an effective emergency lighting system involves installing illuminated exit signs, emergency lights, and backup power sources. Conduct regular testing and maintenance to ensure the reliability of emergency lighting systems.Fire Escape RoutesFire escape routes are critical for facilitating the safe evacuation of occupants during a fire emergency. When designing fire escape routes, consider factors such as occupant load, travel distance, and obstructions. Ensure that fire escape routes are clearly marked, unobstructed, and well-lit.Fire Safety SignageFire safety signage plays a key role in communicating important safety information to occupants. When designing fire safety signage, include signs for fire alarm pull stations, fire extinguisher locations, emergency exits, and evacuation routes. Use clear and concise language with internationally recognized symbols.Maintenance and TestingRegular maintenance and testing are essential for ensuring the reliability of fire protection facilities. Develop a maintenance schedule for inspecting and testing fire alarm systems, sprinkler systems, fire extinguishers, emergency lighting, and fire safety signage. Keep detailedrecords of maintenance activities to demonstrate compliance with regulations.ConclusionDesigning comprehensive fire protection facilities requires careful planning and consideration of various factors. By following the recommendations outlined in this guide, you can create a robust fire protection plan that enhances the safety of buildings and occupants. Remember to stay informed about the latest fire protection technologies and regulations to continuously improve your fire protection facilities.。

中英文文献翻译-浅谈自装卸汽车及附加装置运用

附录附录A.英文文献motor vehicles and the use of additional devicesSelf-loading vehicle arm (also known as hydraulic multi-energy vehicles and fighting for self-loading and unloading trucks) is characterized by separate cargo body fight with the implementation of a goods vehicle and a number of joint fighting operations, the cycle of transport, which can Self-loading dump containers, precast, machine equipment, bulk materials. The use of the car changed a number of operating the previous system under which the motor transport vehicle must be equipped with cranes or loaders, forklifts, loading and unloading as well as the need for workers in many ways, and saved the car and truck loading of the waiting time, increased turnover of motor vehicles and utilization, thus saving a great deal of manpower, material and financial resources to enhance economic efficiency.At present, the arm-type self-loading vehicle mainly used for mining of mineral aggregate loading, transport and dump, factory parts and rough handling and waste dumping, and construction waste from the handling, more clearance for the urban sanitation sector transportation of refuse. Arm as a result of self-loading cargo vehicles and body is separate from the fighting, using fixed-point garbage collection from time to time. Thus, in particular focal point for residents, as well as the market changes with the seasons the amount of waste sites. Dump it and refuse collection vehicles and forklift formula and flip-shaped seal trash dump trash garbage truck with a circular intake compared Yun, can effectively overcome the operation of the secondary dust and noise pollution.Arm-type truck with a low investment and low operating costs, maintenance and convenient, less noise, no secondary dust pollution, etc. Yang. The drawback is the size of the litter bucket, and can not be placed in the narrow streets, while in transit light foam filled refuse to take full advantage of easy self-loading vehicle arm, some cities have begun to establish a centralized garbage removal station, the use of small land transport equipment(such as human dump 3) refuse to focus on narrow streets in the refuse collection points (floor), and then installed in self-loading arm dedicated junk car in the bucket, and then outward through the self-loading dump truck. It solved the problem of narrow streets could not place the issue of special garbage bucket. To address self-loading arm in the process of motor transport issues dusty materials, Special Purpose VehicleNanning has been designed and built two more effective anti-dust materials, additional devices and drivers can be manipulated to drive the entire operating room Process control device shaft. Are presented below.1.the activities of the vehicle hydraulic cargo canopyThis is to prevent the arm of a self-contained hopper car loading and unloading of materials from blowing out of the vehicle cargo canopy.The structure of the device as shown in Figure 1.Its working principle is: to promote the distribution of hydraulic valve joystick , hydraulic oil into the fuel tank on the cavity, the extended piston rod back, while driving the main arm to the car in front of swing in the tarp , under the canopy of the self and the main arm driven by its front-end articulated main arm , so that folding the sheeting under the lotus back then, under the support of opening up, in the cargo box form a closed top of the Ji Flip cover So that is not contained in the transportation field were filled. When the joystick struck the opposite side, the oil into the fuel tank of the cavity, the protruding rod back, while driving the main arm to the car in front of swing, in the sheeting , Peng-rod self-respect and the main arm Under the impetus of sheeting , Peng-rod and the main arm sequence neatly folded in boxes weeks before the edge, the canopy opened, is expected to facilitate loading and unloading cargo. The device structure is simple and easy to use, especially suitable for the shape of the size of cargo bucket inconsistent. Stacker hopper occasions too, such as good use of cover, fighting to prevent the material goods in the transportation out of dust.2.swing-wing self-loading automatic car coverThe new device structure as shown in Figure 2. When the arm-type self-loading vehicle operations, to manipulate the distribution of multi-way valve stem so that the car swingsarms back, when Hopper was slowly lifting, at the same time, as the arm and fixed in the frame side on the small pulley gradually widened the distance that the rope the role of the length of stretch, this time through the wire rope to pull pulley and shaft , with the shaft link a fixed rear cover.Then gradually open up. When the pendulum swing back to the largest angle (that is unloaded or loaded Doo Doo), the rear cover has also opened up to the maximum point of view, are not to affect the loading or unloading hopper. Action in the above-mentioned process, as a result of the front cover through the connecting arm empty set of fixed beams in the arm , so the former self-covered under the arm placed in the vertical with the ground manipulation of self-handling car so that after the swing arm for operating the dumping of operations in the interior height of the front cover lifted.Automatically cover the wing structure is simple and no special operation when used with other types of enclosures covered compared to savings of time and energy, elegant shape, covered with a good hopper to prevent the material from blowing out during transport . Arm of the two self-loading and unloading of motor vehicles Therefore, the role of the former self-cover, the arm placed in the vertical with the ground before the front cover is always tight cover of the hopper. When the arm continues to swing back, the front cover self-lap, the left (on the icon in terms of) when shaft can not continue to lap, when the front cover with the arm before and after lifted up, placed in the largest arm angle, the front and back covers are lifted up, the shape of the wings to take off. At this point, you can do for fighting and has no effect on operations. When the manipulation of self-handling car so that after the swing arm for operating the dumping of materials, dumping hopper to achieve perspective, the rear cover open up to the point of view of a considerable discharge does not affect operation. The front cover as a result of self-hood has always been tight right hopper Department, the work does not affect the discharge. The front cover is designed to sway with the weight and to reduce operations in the interior height of the front cover lifted. Automatically cover the wing structure is simple and no special operation when used with other types of enclosures covered compared to savings of time and energy, elegant shape, covered with a good hopper to prevent the material from blowing out during transport . Armof the two self-loading and unloading of vehicles attached devices, can effectively prevent materials from blowing out during transport, but their advantages and disadvantages. General self-loading arm in loading and unloading motor vehicles, the workers can only stand on the side of the body, handling agencies to manipulate the distribution of multi-way valve, so that the arm raise hopper or hopper dumping of materials. This appeared in a lot of inconvenience.附录B.中文翻译浅谈自装卸汽车及附加装置的运用摆臂式自装卸汽车(也叫液压多能车和可换斗式自装卸车)的特点是货斗与车体分开，实行一辆车和数个货斗联合作业，循环运输，即能自装自卸集装箱、预制构件、整机设备、散装物料等。

商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献

商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献原文:Analysis of and Study on the Difficulties in the Fire Protection Designof Large Commercial ComplexAbstractFire properties of the large commercial complex has been summarized. Based on the fact that there are contradictions between what is required for the large commercial complex in the fire code and the real application in practice, difficulties in fire protection of designing large commercial complex have been analyzed.Key words:large commercial complex; fire protection design; difficulty; research status 1. IntroductionIn recent years, more and more large commercial complexes have appeared in China. These complexes integrate different businesses into on large building, where customers can do shopping, eat or enjoy themselves. According to the statistics, nearly 200 large complexes in China now have indoor walking street, with different kinds of shops standing along both sides. And what’s more, the indoor walking street shares the large space with the atrium.Generally speaking, the large commercial complex is multi-functional with high fire load and large assembly of people. The mechanism of the occurrence of fire is different from that of the ordinary buildings and the fire loss is also heavier. As a result, this kind of commercial complex needs higher fire safety. However, the current national fire code only gives the minimum requirements. No specific fire safety objectives are provided. Therefore, it is quite important to understand the design and research status of the large commercial complex and to provide safe, reasonable and economical fire design method.2.Characteristics of large commercial complex fire商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献2.1 High fire occurrenceThere are heavy fire loads inside the large commercial complex, which include merchandises like clothes, shoes, hats and combustible decorations. It is widely recognized that electricity is the important factor to cause fire hazard. Therefore, to provide electricity among these combustibles is very dangerous. However, in the large commercial complex, electric systems and equipment are installed to provide electricity for lighting, ventilating and air conditioning. If there is short circuit, spark, poor contact or long time electrifying of the lights or electric heater, fire may be caused. In addition, other factors like improper welding, lighted cigarette ends or arson can cause fire too. 2.2 Quick spread of fire and smokeIf fire occurs in a large commercial complex, it can spread very quickly and grow into a large fire in a short time, while the shelter of the rack usually decrease the sensitivity of the fire detection system and cause delay. As a result, fire can’t be detected and controlled timely. The other reason for quick fire spreading is that the vertical space formed by the atrium and escalators in the complex may help fire and smoke to spread to the whole building.2.3 Large casualties and property lossThe large commercial complex usually accommodates valuable merchandises and facilities. Once there is a fire, big property loss is inevitable. And what’s more fatal is that there are usually large assemblies present. The heavy smoke with CO, CO2, NOx, HCN not only affects the safe and quick evacuation of the people, but also put them in danger. According to the statistics of Japan and UK, the percentage of deaths caused by suffocation in the fire can be as high as 78.9%. As a result of a complicated layout, large assembly of people, long time to evacuate, the large commercial complex is susceptible to fatal fire accidents which usually suffer heavy casualties. For example, on Sept. 30, 1997, a fire occurred in a supermarket on the third floor of a shopping mall in Changchun, Jilin province. It caused 11 deaths and 2 injuries. The burning area reached 4500m2 and most of the commodities inside the supermarket were burnt. The direct property loss was RMB 14,611,000 Yuan.商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献3.Analysis of difficulties in fire protection design of large commercial complexComparing with the ordinary building, the commercial complex is large and usually multi-functional. During the construction, new materials, technologies and structures are employed, which often bring about difficulties in its fire protection design.3.1 There are no applicable requirements for the fire protection design of the complex in the current national fire codeFor the fire protection design of a large commercial complex, the current national standard has covered the following points:（1）the building style and the distribution of business operations inside the complex; （2 ）the style of the indoor walking street;（3 ）how to determine the fire load of the complex;（4）if the walking street inside the complex can be used as a safe evacuation area? If yes, what kind of conditions should be provided;（5）the occupancy density, fire fighting equipment, smoke control pattern as well as other important design parameters;（6）the size and separation of the shops along the both sides of the walking street.3.2 There are limitations in the fire code for the fire designing of the large commercial complexHere just gives an example to illustrate the limitation. The requirements for the evacuation of the people in “Code for design of shop buildings”JGJ48-88 can’t meet the need of the evacuation system of the large commercial complex. Personnel convert quantity in JGJ48-88 is based on the business area and the area of the storage, which is totally unfit for the new layout of a complex with modern ideas and novelties. The evacuation width calculated according to the method given in JGJ48-88 is usually too big. As a result, more staircases will be required, which not only brings great difficulties in the designing of the evacuation system, but also create enormous waste. At the same time, the layout, structure as well as the aesthetic quality of the complex will be affected商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献too.[68~70] Therefore, it is improper to determine the evacuation width or other parameters according to the calculation method given in the current standard.3.3 Some of the requirements in the current code can’t be im plemented easily in the fire protection design of large commercial complex（1）Fire compartmenttion.It is required in the current fire code that the fire compartment of the commercial buildings shall not be larger than 5000m2. However, the building area of a large commercial complex is usually as big as hundreds of thousands of square meters. If the fire compartment is divided strictly according to the requirements of the fire code, many many fire compartments, staircases and exits will be provided. The result of this is that the arrangements of the business area will be greatly affected and the function of the complex will be completely limited.（2）Fire separation.The typical problem for the fire protection design of large commercial complex is that its trave l distance and evacuation width can’t meet the requirements of the code.“Code for design of building fire protection and prevention” GB 50016-2006 requires that the linear distance between any point in the shopping areas inside the Class A and Class B buildings and the nearest exit should not be larger than 30m; when the building is protected completely by sprinkler system, the maximum safe travel distance shall be 37.5m; the end of the staircase on the first floor shall be provided with exit directly leading to outdoor or shall be enlarged. When the building is not more than 4 stories, the exit directly leading to outdoor can be located at the place that is not more than 15m away from the staircase. But in practice, it is not enough for large commercial complex to provide emergency staircases only at the periphery of the building because the complex is usually quite long and deep. Therefore, more staircases shall be provided in the middle. According to the requirements of the fire code, these staircases in the middle part of the building must have exits directly leading to the outdoor, which is completely out of the question.“Code for fire protection design of tall buildings” GB 50045-95(2005 edition) requires that the linear distance between any point in the shopping areas and the nearest商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献exit should not be larger than 30m. In practice, the emergency staircases of the high-rise commercial buildings are also provided at the periphery of the building. The linear distance between the least favorable point to the nearest staircase is often larger than 30m. But in order to meet the requirement of the tall building code, staircases in the middle of the building must be provided. However, the staircases in the middle of the building can’t directly lead to outside.（3）Fire fighting.Both “Code for design of building fire protection and prevention” and “Code for fire protection design of tall buildings” require that where the length of the building along the street is more that 150m or the total length of the building is more than 220m, a well situated fire vehicle access shall be provided to cross the building. For large commercial complex, it is quite difficult to provide fire vehicle access to cut the building apart. Therefore, in practice, many designers propose to use the walking street as the fire vehicle access, but it can’t meet the fire fighting need of the fire vehicles.4.Current research status at home and abroadCurrently in China, the researches on the fire protection design of large commercial complex mainly focus on the analysis of some fire protection system.Zhao Hualiang analyzed the commonly used index and parameters of evacuation design. Parameters used for design of evacuation system of large commercial complex such as number of people, evacuation width, travel distance as well as emergency lighting have been discussed.Aim at the difficulties in designing of the fire partition in commercial construction, Zheng Yanqiu analyzed the general requirements for the design of the sunk plaza, fire compartment, protected evacuation passage and atrium. The application of cesium and kalium fire protection glass and toughened glass protected by water sprinkler as the fire partition was also studied.Guo Jinjun and Zhao Lijun introduced the difficulties in the designing of water based fire fighting systems as well as the solution.商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献Guo Xiaolong and Wang Lingjian introduced a method to solve the problem of fire separation of a large commercial complex as well as atrium smoke extraction by separating inner atrium and horizontal sliding skylight.“Code for fire protection design of large commercial complex in Chongqing” provides a method to calculate the width of exit and series of parameters that are applicable for Chongqing city. In the code, the concept of calculating the width of the exit based on the fire compartment was put forward for the first time. The requirements that the exit can be borrowed or shared by the adjoining fire compartments are provided and the calculation method to calculate this kind of exit is given. For the shopping malls with quite many stories above ground, this local code of Chongqing introduces the concept of “refuge space”, which provides favorable conditions for the emergent evacuation of the people.Aiming at the problems in the requirement of the fire code-“if the building area of an underground shopping mall is larger than 20000m2, fire wall shall be used to separate it and there shall be no openings in the fire wall”, Kang Dasheng and Wang Jinling suggested to provide a so-calle d “open fire isolating area” (sunk space) and “closed fire isolating area” . They also suggested to provide an emergency passageway less than 55m long on the first underground floor to directly lead to the outside of the building. For those large space areas like the atrium and indoor walking street, they suggested to install intelligent sprinkler system especially for large space areas.The above mentioned researches mainly focus on the problems in the design of the commercial buildings. Solutions from the experiences during design, review and construction have been proposed, but they are not complete and thorough. The results can’t be generalized.Some foreign building and fire codes have some requirements for the fire protection of commercial buildings. For example, building code of Canada, fire code of Singapore, building code of New Zealand and the “Uniform Building Code” of NFPA etc. However, these requirements are mainly applicable to ordinary shops, not the large commercial complexes in China.商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献5.ConclusionIn order to solve so many practical problems encountered in the fire protection design of the large commercial complex, to evaluate the fire safety performance of this kind of building scientifically, and to define the scientific, reasonable and economic fire safety system, it is necessary to study the key technology of fire protection based on the practical fire loads and occupant density in the large commercial complex in China. Through this research, the related technical requirements of fire protection design were determined, and the scientific, reasonable and economical method of fire protection design was proposed. It is very important to understand the method and to prevent the occurrence of fire so as to safeguard the life safety and reduce property loss.References[1]Fire Bureau of MPS. Anthology of disastrous fire cases of China,2008.[2]LI Yin-qing. Performance Design for Building Fire Protection. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press.2005.141~171.[3]LI Yu. Study on Performance-based Fire Protec tion Design of Large Shopping Centre. MA thesis of Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology,2005.[4]ZOU He. The key technology research for performance-based design of underground commercial building. Engineering Master Degree Dissertation of Chongqing University,2007.[5]LI Xin, GU Yu. Discussion on the problems in the evacuation design of large commercial complex.. Fire Technology and Products Information,2007,12,31~33.[6]Chongqing Construction Committee. DBJ 50-054-2006 Code for fire protection design of large-scale commercial buildings of Chongqing,2006.[7]HUO Ran, YUAN Hong-yong. Performance-based Fire Protection Design and Analysis.Hefei:Anhui Science & Technology Publishing House, 2003.[8]ZHAO Wei. Evaluation of performance-based design on giant commercial building.Fire Science and Technology, 2009,28(11),817~819.[9]The Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Republic of China. GB50016-2006 Code of Design on Building Fire Protection and Prevention. Beijing: China Planning Press,2006.商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献[10]The Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Republic of China. GB50045-95 Code for fire protection design of tall buildings(2005Edition).Beijing: China Planning Press,2005.[11]Civil Air Defence Office of China, The Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Republic of China. GB 50098-2009 Code for fire protection design of civil air defense works. Beijing:China Planning Press,2009.[12]Central-south Architectural Design Institute. Code for Design of Shop Buildings(draft) JGJ 48-88. Beijing:China Architecture & Building Press,1988.[13]LIN Feng. Studies on the Fire Safe of Large-scale Commercial Buildings. MA thesis of Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology,2009.[14]ZHAO Hua-liang. Discussion on Safe Evacuation from Commercial Buildings.Fire Technology and roducts Information,2005,2,9~11.[15]JING Jian-sheng, NI Zhao-peng, ZHUANG Jing-yi. Calculation method of the number of safe egress occupants in commercial building.Fire Science and Technology,2003,22(5),351~353.[16]ZHANG Shu-ping, JING Ya-jie. Research of evacuation crowd in the business hall of large department stores. Fire Science and Technology,2004,23(2),133~136.[17]QI Xiao-xia, PAN Jing. Research of evacuation crowd in the large specialized stores. Fire Science and Technology,2005,24(1),60~64.[18]YAN Xiao-long,WANG Ling-jian. Fire protection design of large-scale commercial building. Fire Science and Technology,2007.26(5),523~525.[19]ZHENG Yan-qiu. Analysis of fire protection separate design in commercial construction [J]. Fire Science and Technology,2009,28(1),43~46.[20]GUO Jin-jun, ZHAO Li-jun. Design difficulties and solutions for water fire-extinguishing system in the mall [J]. Water & Wastewater Engineering,2008,7(34),86~88.[21]GUO Sheng-you, LIU Mei-mei. Idea and characteristic of code for the fire prevention design of large-scale commercial buildings of Chongqing [J]. Fire Science and Technology, 2007, 26(1), 49~51.[22]KANG Da-sheng, WANG Jin-ling. The Measures of Large-Scale Shop Fire Prevention Designing [J]. Journal of Chinese People's Armed Police Force Academy,2008,24(10),15~17.[23]National Research Council of Canada.National Building Code of Canada[S].2005ˈVolume 1.[24]Singapore Civil Defence Force.Singapore Fire Code[S].[25]NFPA. NFPA1 Fire Code 2009 Edition[S],2009.商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献[26]R.L.P. Custer & B. J. Meacham. Introduction To Performance based Fire Safety. National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA, 1997.[27]SFPE engineering guide to performance–based fire protection:analysis and design of buildings.First Edition,National Fire Protection Association,Society of Fire Protection Engineers,USA,2000.[28]British Standards Institution. Draft British standard BSDD240 fire safety engineering in building,Part l: Guide to the application office safety engineering Principles,1997.[29]Building Code of Australia, Australia Building Code Board, October 1996.[30]Hadjisophocleous GV,Benichou N.Development of performance-based codes, performance criteria and fire safety engineering methods.International Journal on Engineering Performance-based Fire Code, 2000, 2(4), 127~142.译文：分析与研究大型商业综合体中消防难点的设计摘要商场消防设计中英文对照外文翻译文献总结了大型商业综合体的火灾特性。

中英文文献翻译-拆装小车概述

附录附录A英文科技文献Disassembly Automotive OverviewCar shortly after the invention of the automobile repair and then had the industry. In order to convenient maintenance，with jack lifting machine maintenance tools to appear. The early simple columnar foundation type hydraulic lifting machine，is greatly raised than it was still early jack and the function of the test bench，this early lifting machine can rotate function in lifting the car later，rotating 360 °. Maybe you often go to a car maintenance，now still use the lift machine to provide daily vehicle maintenance service，this kind of lifting machine has largely work for 75 years.Along with the development of the car industry，simple columnar type elevator machine design，the limitation of shows up soon. If only in car around for testing maintenance work of words，the lifting machine will be enough，but this lifting machine and the central pillar of the hoist boom would hamper into the bottom of the car most area. For simple columnar type elevator machine of these limitations，engineers have put forward a lot of lifting machine design scheme and a lot of improvement work. Now，lifting machine selection scope of great，have foundation type，spots，cut the type，type of parallel four edges form，portable，simple columnar type，double column type，four-column type，driving type，contact the car battery，symmetric，the symmetric，small trip，big lift，queue，and other various type of lifting machine design. Some lifting machine may also.In the market can see different types of different size，lifting machine，there are some particularly suitable for engaged in special type of maintenance work，there are a few lifting machine for some other maintenance work.Double column spots car battery lifting machine is contact a widespread adoption of lifting machine，in recent years all new sales lifting machine，at least two-thirds are this type. This design is very popular，there are several reasons: one is the lifting machine installation quick，do not need a wide range of excavation，also do not need to enterprise's whole layout some permanent changes. 2 it is the diversity of function，a double column spots car battery lifting machine with almost all can be used for the car maintenance work.The lifting of the machine and contact the layout of cantilever pad，making maintenance technician can easily into the bottom of the car，the car in operation and maintenance. Therefore，almost all major lifting machine manufacturers to at least one type of production double column spots type elevator machine.In recent years，I had a booming industry，especially the car industry，DuoNian to cars into the ordinary families dream has become a reality. Vehicle repair industry has got to develop，all kinds of maintenance equipment needs rapid expansion. Auto lift machine is necessary maintenance，is also the most important maintenance machinery.Auto lift machine is the role of the need of repair car level to the appropriate height，so that maintenance workers in car chassis of automobile maintenance. Below Auto lift machine such as mentioned above，the main divided into pillar type and shear type two kinds，no matter which kind of，the demand from both sides to car level synchronization up，and can't happen migration. And car chassis below must be empty. To facilitate the maintenance workers homework. This requires auto lift machine lifting device must be on both sides of the separation of both sides，and rise or fall must be synchronous. Because of the weight of the car generally very big，and lift for special smoothly，so auto lift machine typically use the hydraulic drive system. Besides the requirement from a certain range from cars both sides synchronous lifting the decline and car，also requires its can make cars at any height to stop and to keep still，so that different height of the workers in maintenance，at different location can adjust height，the most convenient for repair，so hydraulic system must have positioning keep function. In addition for car weight is very big，once hydraulic system failure，lifting machine for arm in car the force of gravity will decline rapidly to pull off the maintenance workers may be the life security threats，lifting the car on and broke the danger. So in order to prevent this happens，lifting machine must have mechanical locking devices，mechanical locks were installed in by lifting cylinder piston rod and the top and lifting arm connected pin shaft on the two root jagged rack，installation of the oil cylinder to the outside of the rack is stationary. And can the pin shaft do certain Angle，to the swing of the separation of the two root rack and mesh. When lifting arm in positioning state or hydraulic system failure，hydraulic below a certain value，dynamic rack will of its own gravity and spring under the action of forces and still rack meshing，mechanical locked，increased the lifting the security of the machine.Nearly 20 years the world lifting machine industry has changed greatly. RT (off-road tires lifting machine) and AT the whole earth to lifting machine () of the rapid development of products，broke original product and market structure，economic development and market in the fierce competition in the world，the impact of lifting machine market further integration trend. At present the lifting machine years sales has the world around us $7.5 billion. The main producers for the United States，Japan，Germany，France，Italy，etc，the world's top companies have more than 10 factories，mainly concentrated in the North America，Japan (Asia) and Europe.The United States is lifting machine main producer countries，it is one of the largest in the world market. But because Japan，Germany lifting machine rapid development of industry and RT and AT the rise of American manufacturers，products have in the s to 70 s，the world leading position in the field of possession is gradually weakened，so as to form the United States，Japan and Germany tripartite balance of power. In recent years the United States economy picks up，market，foreign manufacturers are active to participate in the competition. The strength of the American manufacturers also improved，TeLeiKeSi elevator company that is the rise of examples. TeLeiKeSi elevator company predecessor is the colin lifting depots. Since 1995，through a series of the merger activity，has become one of the world's top companies.Japan from the 1970 s become lifting machine production country，product quality and quantity improve soon，have been exported to European and American markets，annual production ranked first in the world. Since 1992，due to the yen's appreciation，domestic infrastructure investment dropped and the Asian financial crisis，the annual output to drop. At present，the market demand for years for 3000 units or so.Europe is a large market potential，European industrial nations lifting machine is the exporter，but also the important importer. Germany is the largest European market，followed by Britain，France，Italy and other countries. In Germany AT products market share，liebherr accounted for 53%，16%，DE lafugelufu horse) 14%，many fields and TeLeiKeSi each account for 10% and 5%.Lifting machine manufacture the wind of the combined with the auto industry is very similar，in the car industry，general motors，ford，BMW，Mercedes，Renault，public companies are on the way to unite，the two industries has been one of the world market. In the world to mature market for market share and maintain growth，shortcut is tobuy rival，the long-term goal is to win the world market dominance. In the elevator industry，in a sense，into the world market means that into North America，Japan (Asia) and Europe market.附录B 文献翻译拆装小车概述汽车发明后不久便有了汽车维修的行业。

“Dependapower”大流量消防水泵拖车

“Dependapower”大流量消防水泵拖车（所示图片仅供参考，实际配置可能有所不同）简介：“Dependapower”大流量消防水泵拖车是将柴油机驱动的消防专用离心式水泵装载在拖车上而组成为一个移动式的消防供水系统。

发动机达到美国环保局三级排放标准。

水泵、柴油发动机和整体式燃油箱安装在一个独立的集装箱框架结构内。

集装箱框架被固定在一个三轴拖车上，并易于拆卸以便独立操作，可将集装箱框架用吊车放置在车辆不易到达的河边、渠道、甚至船上满足就近取水的需要。

整个系统具有效率高、维修方便、性能可靠和使用方便的特点。

主要参数：水泵的最大流量：6000加仑—22710 升/分钟最大输出压力：12.06 bar燃料容量：1230 升，可连续运行8小时水泵拖车系统配有6个6吋的进水口和5个5吋的出水口水泵部分：工作性能：泵压为10.34bar时、额定出水流量：22710 l/min泵压为12.06bar时、额定出水流量：15140 l/min扬程：348英尺（106m）动力部分：发动机型号：Caterpillar 3409-DITA ，750 马力，电子系统：充电发电机24 V, 60 A.先进的柴油发动机可连续工作24小时以上。

控制面板部分：包括：开始/停止键，转速表，水温表，安培表，微调节流阀，排放压力表，燃油压力表，计时表、紧急切断开关两个工作灯控制开关。

拖车部分：专门设计的高位拖车结构，用结构型钢制造，专为集装箱式泵结构运输而设计。

拖车含可调独立支架，用于升降拖车的连接器使之能够方便的连挂到牵引车上。

一对拖车稳定支架，位于拖车后部两侧。

全部使用不锈钢紧固件。

总重量（包括燃油）：9072kg轮胎规格：235/85 R16LRF，三轴。

灾难搜救的英文文章

Title: Disaster Search and Rescue OperationsDisaster search and rescue operations are crucial for saving lives and reducing the impact of disasters. These operations require a combination of skills, resources, and coordination among various stakeholders, including government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and local communities.In the aftermath of a disaster, search and rescue teams typically use ground, air, and water assets to locate survivors, assess the extent of the damage, and provide initial assistance. They also use technology such as satellite phones, radios, and GPS to communicate and navigate in challenging environments.One of the key challenges in disaster search and rescue is the need to quickly identify survivors and assess the extent of the damage. This requires rapid response teams with specialized skills and equipment, such as sniffer dogs, thermal imaging cameras, and rope access technicians. In some cases, search and rescueteams may also need to work in collaboration with local communities to access hard-to-reach areas.Another important aspect of disaster search and rescue is the coordination of resources and information sharing among various stakeholders. This requires effective communication channels and a centralized command center that can monitor the situation and make timely decisions.Finally, disaster search and rescue operations require a commitment from governments and other stakeholders to invest in training, equipment, and resources. This will ensure that search and rescue teams are equipped to handle increasingly complex disasters and respond quickly and effectively in emergency situations.In conclusion, disaster search and rescue operations are critical for saving lives and reducing the impact of disasters. These operations require a combination of skills, resources, and coordinationamong various stakeholders. By investing in training, equipment, and resources, governments and other stakeholders can ensure that search and rescue teams are equipped to handle increasingly complex disasters and respond quickly and effectively in emergency situations.。

船舶消防演练方案及流程英文

船舶消防演练方案及流程英文English:The ship fire drill plan and procedure typically includes the following steps. Firstly, the ship's crew should be trained on the proper usage of firefighting equipment and familiarize themselves with the ship's fire emergency plan. Regular drills should be conducted to ensure that all crew members are proficient in fire response and evacuation procedures. In the event of a fire, the ship's crew should immediately notify the bridge and take action according to the fire emergency plan. This may include using fire extinguishers to contain small fires, activating the fire alarm system, closing fire dampers, and initiating the general alarm to alert all personnel on board. The crew should also be responsible for mustering at designated assembly points and accounting for all personnel during the evacuation process. Additionally, the ship's fire drill plan typically involves coordination with external firefighting services and authorities to ensure proper assistance in the event of a major fire incident. This may include notifying the nearest shore-based fire department, providing updates on the fire situation, and requesting for additional support if necessary. Finally, after the fire drill is concluded, a debriefing sessionshould be conducted to review the effectiveness of the response and identify any areas for improvement.中文翻译:船舶消防演练方案及流程通常包括以下步骤。

舟艇拖车参数-概述说明以及解释

舟艇拖车参数-概述说明以及解释1.引言1.1 概述舟艇拖车参数是指与舟艇拖车设计相关的各种参数及其重要性。

舟艇拖车是一种用于运输和搬运舟艇的工具，其设计参数的准确性和合理性对于舟艇的安全运输和舒适性具有重要意义。

本篇文章旨在探讨舟艇拖车参数的重要性，并展望其未来的发展方向。

在接下来的正文部分，我们将详细讨论舟艇拖车的设计参数，并分析其对舟艇运输的影响。

通过对舟艇拖车参数的深入研究，我们可以更好地了解如何选择合适的拖车，以确保舟艇在运输过程中的稳定性和安全性。

舟艇拖车的设计参数涉及到拖车的尺寸、重量、轴距、悬挂系统、刹车系统等多个方面，这些参数的合理设置将直接影响到舟艇的悬挂平稳性、拖车的稳定性、刹车的效果等关键指标。

同时，不同类型的舟艇对于拖车参数的要求也有所差异。

比如，大型的游艇需要更加稳固和强大的拖车来保证其安全运输，而小型的舟艇则对拖车的尺寸和重量要求相对较低。

舟艇拖车参数的合理设置还涉及到舟艇在拖车过程中的摩擦、阻力和噪音等问题。

通过优化拖车参数，可以降低舟艇在拖车过程中的能耗和振动，提高舟艇的舒适性和运输效率。

总之，舟艇拖车参数在舟艇运输中具有重要的作用。

合理设置和优化这些参数，可以提升舟艇的安全性、舒适性和运输效率。

随着科技的发展和人们对舟艇运输要求的不断提高，舟艇拖车参数的研究和创新也将得到进一步的推动。

未来，我们可以期待更加智能化和定制化的舟艇拖车参数设计，以满足不同类型舟艇的需求，为舟艇运输行业带来更大的便利和发展机遇。

1.2 文章结构文章结构部分的内容应为对整篇文章的结构进行简要说明。

在舟艇拖车参数这篇长文中，文章结构可以按照如下方式进行组织。

首先，在引言部分（1.引言）中，概述舟艇拖车的作用和重要性，引出本文对舟艇拖车参数的探讨。

同时，介绍整篇文章的结构，包括引言、正文和结论三个部分。

接下来，正文部分（2.正文）主要包括两个小节：舟艇拖车的重要性和舟艇拖车的设计参数。

2.1 舟艇拖车的重要性：本小节可以分析舟艇拖车在舟艇运输和保养中的重要性，探讨舟艇拖车对于舟艇使用效率和安全性的影响，并举例说明舟艇拖车在实际运用中的价值。

消防毕业论文外文文献翻译

外文翻译-原文部分Fire FightingAlong with the our country economic development rapid development, the lives of the people level unceasing enhancement, the city uses to be day by day anxious, urges the building to face the direction is developing. This kind of high level civil construction repair needed materials and the way also more hasten the diversification, and along with uses electricity the load and coal gas consumption quantity enlarging, proposed to the fire auto-alarm system design is higher, a stricter request. In order to guarantee the people life and property the security, the fire auto-alarm system design has become in the high level civil construction design one of most important design contents. Presently based on the author fire of auto-alarm system design overseeing work in the high level civil building experience, proposed in present national related standard and standard unclear true detail shallow opinion, by for the colleagues to discuss and to point out mistakes.First, design basisThe fire auto-alarm system design is a specialized very strong technology work, at the same time also has the very strong policy-type. Therefore, first should be clear about the following design basis:1st, must grasp the architectural design fire protection standard, the system design standard, the equipment manufacture standard, the installment construction approval standard and the administration laws and regulations and so on five big aspects fire laws and regulations, and in practical understanding present country related standard and standard positive word: "Must", "be supposed", "to be suitable", "may" and the reverse side word:"Strictly prohibits", "should not", "not have", "not to be suitable" the meaning. 2nd, must aim at high level civil building function, use and the protection object fire protection rank, earnestly carries out the present national related standard and the standard, earnestly treats the public security fire prevention surveillance department the examination and approval opinion.Second, fire auto-alarm system equipment establishmentFire detector establishmentOpens wide either the seal or the stair hall should alone divide the search coverage, and each 2 ~ 3 establish a fire detector. The first room (including guards against in front of smoke stair hall in front of room, fire elevator room, fire elevator with guards against the front room which smoke stair hall comes in handy) and the aisle should distinguish alone to divide the search coverage, specially front the room and the lift well, the scattered stair hall and the aisle are interlinked, has time the fire haze to be easier to gather or to flow, is the personnel disperses which saves goal with the fire prevention, therefore should install the fire detector. Regarding common elevator in front of room although is not the personnel disperses , but this front room and the liftwell are interlinked, has time the fire haze to be also easy to gather or to flow, suitably alone divides the search coverage and installs the fire detector.The electric cable shaft therefore is easy to form pulls out the smoke inflammation the channel; Has when the fire the fire intensity not easily extends along the electric cable burns, for this, "the high level civil construction design fire protection standard" and "the civil construction electricity design standard" separately proposes the detailed specific stipulation in the construction and in the electric wire or on the electric cable shaping. But considered implements specifically the difficulty and the present situation, the electric cable shaft installs the fire detector is extremely essential, and coordinates the shaft the fire protection separation request, each 2 ~ 3 or each level installs.The elevator machine room should install the fire detector, its elevator is the important vertical transportation vehicle; Its two elevator machine room has has the fire risk; Its three lift well existence essential opens the hole, like the level gate opens between the hole, the air vent, the between permanence opens the hole with the elevator machine room or the pulley and so on; Its four when has the fire, the lift well often becomes the fire intensity spread the channel, is easy to threaten the elevator machine room the facility. Therefore, the elevator machine room establishes the fire detector is necessary, crown of also suitable establishment fire detector lift well.2nd, the manual fire reports to the police the button establishment(Including guards against in front of smoke stair hall in view of various floors front room in front of room, fire elevator room, fire elevator with guards against which smoke stair hall to come in handy the front room) is has when the fire the personnel to disperse which saves goal with fire prevention, should report to the police the button first choice spot as the establishment manual fire. In addition, the room also should establish the manual fire to the common elevator in front of to report to the police the button.In the public active place (including hall, hall, dining room, multi-purpose hall and so on) and the main thoroughfare and so on place, the personnel very is all centralized, and mainly disperses the channel. Therefore should report to the police the button in these public active places main access establishment manual fires; The manual fire establishes which in the main thoroughfare reports to the police the button to guarantee "to a manual fire which most is close to reports to the police the button distance from a fire protection district any position not to be supposed to be bigger than 30 meters".3rd, the fire emergency broadcasts the speaker the establishmentThe aisle, the hall, the dining room and so on the public place personnel very are all centralized, and mainly disperses the channel. Therefore should press in these public places "to a recent speaker distance is not bigger than 25meters from a fire protection district any spot" and "in the aisle last should not be bigger than 12.5 meters the speaker to the aisle terminal distance" the establishment fire emergency to broadcast the speaker; Next also should establish the fire in the public bathroom place emergency to broadcast the speaker.The first room (including guards against in front of smoke stair hall in front ofroom, fire elevator room, fire elevator with guards against which smoke stair hall to come in handy the front room) is has when the fire the personnel to disperse which saves goal with fire prevention, also has the fire door separation and the sounds of people is confused and noisy, therefore should establish the fire emergency to broadcast the speaker. In front of the common elevator the room also should establish the fire emergency to broadcast the speaker. Disperses the stair hall also is has when the fire the personnel to disperse which saves goal with the fire prevention, also the sounds of people are confused and noisy, therefore should establish the fire emergency to broadcast the speaker, by favors the fire emergency broadcast to disperse the instruction.4th, fire alarm installment establishmentThe establishment fire emergency broadcast fire auto-alarm system, the author thought also should install the fire alarm installment, but its control procedure should be: The alarm apparatus should confirm after the fire, uses manual or the automatic control mode unification to the fire correlation region transmission warning, stops the alarm apparatus work in the stipulation time, the rapid linkage fire emergency broadcast and broadcasts to the people disperses the instruction.The fire alarm installment establishment position, the author thought should report to the police the button position with the manual fire to be same, its wall surface installment should for be apart from the ground 1.8 meters highly5th, fire special use telephone establishmentInstalls the fire special use telephone extension telephone, should be located the engine room which related also some people is on duty frequently with the fire linkage control (including fire water plant, spare electricity generation engine room, matches substation, mainly ventilates with air conditioning engine room, discharges fume engine room, fire prevention elevator machine room and other), the fire fighting control system operates the equipment place or the control room, the fire duty officers observation room, the security manages spot and so on public room. Sedan of theater box the fire elevator and in the ordinary elevator all should suppose the special use telephone, requests the elevator machine room and the elevator sedan theater box, the elevator machine room and the fire control room, the elevator sedan theater box and the fire control room and so on three compositions is reliable to speaks the correspondence telephone system. Usually in fire control room; The establishment elevator monitoring demonstration plate (including position indicator, direction indicating lamp, to speaks correspondence telephone, trouble lamp and so on), in order to carries on the necessity to the elevator running status which in the surveillance and the emergency case controls. Is equipped with the manual fire to report to the police position and so on button, fire hydrant button also should install the fire special use telephone receptacle.Third, fire linkage control1st, the fire linkage control should include the control fire pump to open, to stop, also should demonstrate opens pumps the button the position and the fire pump work and the malfunction. When the fire hydrant is equipped with the fire hydrant button, its electric installation work spot also should demonstrate the fire pump the workingmode active status (namely establishment fire pump work indicating lamp).2nd, the fire linkage control should include the control spraying of water and the water atomization fire fighting system opens, stops, also shoulddemonstrate the fire pump the work and the malfunction and the fluent display, reports to the police the valve, the safety signal valve working mode active status. In addition, to the basin, the water tank water level also should carry on the demonstration monitor; In order to prevent the overhaul signal valve is shut down, the author thought should use the belt electric signal the control signal valve by to demonstrate it opens the condition.3rd, the fire linkage control other controls and the demonstration function, should carry out the present national related standard and the standard specific stipulation.Fourth, fire auto-alarm system wiringIn order to prevent the fire occurs when the fire control, the correspondence and the warning line severance, causes the fire fighting work to be unable to carry on, creates the bigger economic loss; Also for the suppression electronmagetic interference (for example transformer, electric motor, electric cable and so on) the influence which produces to the fire auto-alarm system. The fire auto-alarm system transmission line and the fire control, the correspondence and the warning line should use the being flame-resistant electric cable, and should use the metal tube or the enclosed metal trunking protection. The fire manual positive governing installment line should use the fireproof electric cable, its electric cable also should use the metal tube or the enclosed metal trunking protection. Uses Ming Fushi, should takes the fire protection protective measures on the metal tube or the enclosed metal trunking.Fifth, concluding remarkThe author rests on the concrete project to implement the experience, elaborated the design basis, fire auto-alarm design actual problem and so on system equipment establishment, fire linkage control and its wiring pulls out some shallow opinions, its goal is enhances the fire auto-alarm system the design quality, discovered early and the notification fire, prevented and reduces the fire to harm, by protects the person and the property safety.附录B：外文翻译-译文部分消防随着我国经济发展的快速发展，人们的生活水平的不断提高，城市一天一天的膨胀，城市建设要多方面发展。

中英文文献翻译—拉臂式垃圾车设计

附录AThe Design of Pull Arm Garbage Truck1The introduction of Pull Arm Garbage TruckPull arm garbage truck is equipped with two types of chassis that has a trunk load and unloading functions to pull arm device-specific vehicles. It can be achieved with car trunk the combination and separation, while the bulk of the trunk to achieve self-unloading cargo operations. The model has been widely used in foreign countries, often in the domestic industry as a sanitation refuse collection vehicles. 5 t pull arm garbage truck is one of the commonly used models, compared to 8 t Arm pull over large tonnage trucks, the pull-arm device structure is relatively simple and easy to domestic Manufacturers; And large tonnage often imported pull arm device. Domestic Manufacturers producing 5 t pull the car pulling the boom arm structure of the device, although about the same, but the important structural parameters of the selection and design of different structural arrangement, it will directly affect the car performance]20[.2 Pull the boom structure and principle of the device2.1 The structural characteristics of pull-arm device5 t pull arm garbage truck pulling device consists of pulling the boom arm and pull arm cylinder, the United Moving frame, trunk insurance hook and cylinder, and the frame. La Boom device structural arrangement shown in figure 2, pull telescopic arm is not used right-angle bend structure. the end of the cylinder and pull the piston rod side arm hinged on the hinge pivot B; Another linkage frame front end and hinged at the hinge pivot C, the formation of a rotary arm pull heart. Cylinder head cylinder arm pull side hinged front frame on the hinge pivot A; linkage frame hinged rear axle frame rear hinge pivot D, the formation of linkage rotary frame heart. Insurance linkage trunk rack hook set the hook cylinder and insurance cylinder.2.2 The working principle of the device arm pullPulling garbage truck arm by pulling the device to complete the function of two different dynamic, for boxes and dumping. When the pull device for boom box action, the first cylinder insurance hook action open the trunk insurance hook, trunk lift insurance. Pull lift arm cylinder piston rod elongation from the pull arm, pull arm to pivot around the hinge C clockwise rotation, the hook arm to pull back move. If the frame is equipped with a trunk, the trunk was pushed home ground. When put on the frame, so that the first hook retractor trunk rings, and contraction of the piston rod, pull arm to hinge pivot counter-clockwise rotation axis C, will put on the flat trunk, the insurance cylinder hook action, pull carriagesinsurance hook fixed to the frame to the trunk.When the pull-arm device dumping action, and action for different box, trunk insurance hook dump in the whole process to ensure that tension in the arm and trunk are not isolated, that is pull arm、the linkage through the trunk rack and trunk link between the insurance as one of the hook, by the deputy rear frame hinge pivot clockwise rotation axis D, lifting carriages lifted until the refuse rubbish. Trunk reset, as long as the retraction of cylinder piston rod pull arm, the pulling arm body still hinge pivot point D is the shaft counterclockwise rotation, until the trunk reset.3 La Boom Selection and design of device structure parameters3.1 Device to pull the boom pivot hinge arrangement and geometry of the main structureDetermined by the following three areas:a. Arm by pulling a dump truck performance, it is 5 t pull the best selection of cars from the arm unloading chassis, the chassis can be selected according to the length of pull arm device to determine frame the total length. To ensure the car to pull arm for changing trunk and dumping action by the force of the chassis reasonable and complete the dumping arm pull action pivot hinge rotation axis D of the location should be arranged in behind the rear spring plate from the chassis rear bearing axis, the spacing is about 0 ~ 100 mm.b. According to the first hinge pivot D arm pull for me the beginning of the selected pivot hinge rotation axis C. In the design and production of the actual process of pulling the car arm in arm had appeared during the pull action although the initial state, pull arm lift carriages, failed to pull arm pivot around the hinge C rotation, but with the linkage frame with the rotation around the hinge pivot point D, which can not get trunk open the beginning of fall; when lifting a certain height, the action of gravity in the trunk, the hinge will pivot C a sudden fall, so pull arm, the linkage frame and carriages suddenly drop, resulting in relatively large; in hit, resulting in extremely unsafe for me a smooth action. To resolve this problem, determine the hinge point C of the axis position is especially important. First the one hand, the horizontal axis of pivot C can not above the level layout of pivot D. In addition, by the hinge can pivot C stress analysis know, the hinge pivot axis of C must be below the level of tension hinge pivot arm cylinder head horizontal axis, while the hook arm pull-start action must be arranged in the vertical axis of the hinge pivot between C and the hinge pivot left foot.c. Important geometrical parameters arm pull a pull arm foot radius of gyration for pull the oil boom turning radius of the cylinder piston rod end of radius of gyration of the angle between the two radius. From the above points analysis we know that, The smaller of radius. The greater the force needed to pull the smaller cylinder arm. Meet the requirements underthe premise of arms-for-me pull-foot turning radius, the smaller the better, La boom cylinder rod side radius of gyration R. The bigger the better as far as possible, so that can pull compact boom, operating small space]21[.3.2 The selection of pull arm cylinder and cylinder installation angle y. The range ofDetermined by the following two aspects:a. By mapping method or analytical method to determine the location of the above the hinge pivot and Pull arm geometry and other components, may initially determine the pull-stroke arm cylinder and installation distance.b. Pull arm cylinder mounting angle of La Boom is the important structural parameters of devices. By the former knowledge, pull the boom box or device for carrying out the process of dumping action, pull the oil boom cylinders have to be overcome trunk (full load) resistance torque generated by gravity, and the lifting crane action start unloading boxes when the moment of resistance is the greatest moment of resistance to overcome, and in Boom began pulling action of the hinge pivot device static friction and inertia moment of resistance Maximum torque. So pull arm cylinder mounting angle y. From the previous analysis we know, when angle larger, the pull arm cylinder smaller maximum thrust required, select the pull arm cylinder bore can be smaller.By pulling in the boom cylinder is installed between the frame and trunk floor, oil cylinder installation layout space is limited, so the pull arm cylinder mounting angle range is also very limited. Design principles to children as much as possible to install a large angle, choose the right drawing arm oil pulling arm cylinder bore to meet performance requirements for the use of vehicles, without increasing the cost and fuel tank weight, and easy layout. Analysis and comparison of some domestic manufacturers to produce 5 t pull arm ,the actual design and production of cars and trucks pulling arm experience, 5 t pull arm around the installation space vehicles between 250 ~ 300 mm, the general tension arm cylinder mounting angle should be Taken between 3°~5°.附录B拉臂式垃圾车设计1拉臂车概述拉臂式垃圾车是在二类汽车底盘上装有使车箱具有装载和卸载功能的拉臂架装置的专用汽车。

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英文原文Fire assault boat trailer designAssault boat special trailer for wood type and wheel type vehicle, galvanized, using high-strengthwear-resistant polyethylene roller, anti-corrosion strong wood and developed a new type of special trailer. trailer with automobile manufacturing technology, equipped with a special fixture of a molding, ensuring the frame and practical aesthetics. One can store 3-5 assault boats, and supporting the use of motor vehicles in the vacuum tire, waterproof wire speed and LED taillight.Assault boat special trailer gather domestic and international various assault boat specifications and models, the use of internationally popular boat design concept, to ensure that the vehicle has reasonable design; with special fixture, ensure the quality of vehicle location; unifies the domestic actual situation, using wood as assault boat bottom bunk, ensure the uniform stress, transportation safety fast, easy to use; with the towing vehicle ( car ) for supporting the vacuum tire, ensure the safety car at high speed.The quality of fire assault boat trailers to product use high safety requirements, whether the processing technology or selection profiles, as well as parts of the selection, have higher requirements, they have such quality control of excellent combination, to ensure fire assault boat trailers and other equipment the use of safety, and to ensure that the rescue personnel life safety.The quality of fire assault boat trailers to the product design flexibility requirements higher, regardless of the specialty of emergency rescue equipment is a comprehensive emergency rescue equipment, as well as a comprehensive professional emergency rescue equipment, only with strong flexibility, to ensure fire punch front boat rescue equipment quickly and accurately the arrival of the first rescue scene, strive for more rescue time, also will have more risks this life, Wei emergency rescue team of professionals to provide reliable safe guard.The quality of fire assault boat trailer for products of professional degree and comprehensive to very high. Professional degree on behalf of the product required to reach a height, a comprehensive representationof the product itself and a plurality of function requirements, and to adapt to a variety of terrain and a varietyof emergency rescue, emergency rescue equipment for the integrated protection provided.Assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloadingAssault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading, including for loading assault boat trailer body, is arranged on the trailer body beneath the wheel, is arranged on the trailer body front and transport vehicle for connecting hook, which is characterized in that: the lower part and also includes the trailer body are in rotary connection vertical rod, one end and the vertical rod at the upper end of the first rotating shaft is connected by rail, arranged on the railThe other end for lifting the assault boat lifting mechanism, wherein the vertical rod rotation center along the upper and lower direction, the first shaft center line extends along the horizontal direction,Assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading, characterized in that: the trailer body is provided with upward opening slots, wherein the lower end of the vertical rod is inserted in the plug, the lower end of the vertical rod and the slots are arranged between the rotating bear. The rotation of vertical rod which consider revises the plumb direction.Both sides of the trailer body relative to said ground along the up-down direction slide is provided with at least two support frames, the trailer for transport to lose in the first work position and used for loading or unloading of second working position, when the trailer is in the first position, the wheels nadir below the support frame of the nadir, when the trailer is located in the second working position, the wheels of the nadir above the support frame of the nadir, the supporting frame. The trailer body is arranged between the two in the first work position to lock or second working position locking machine Structure. Cross rod and the vertical rod are arranged between the Jacks.The trailer body with the assault boat bottom surfaces that with the support surface, the support are arranged on the surface of silica gel. The lifting mechanism comprises fix on the rail connection, is wound around the connecting part of the traction rope, and attached to the traction cable for the assault boat edge is connected with the two connecting pieces.The two connecting piece is provided with the assault boat edge part matched with the card slot, the slot in the depth direction extends along the horizontal direction.Assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading technologyThe utility model relates to an assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading.The background technologyIn the existing technology used to transport assault boat trailers, usually includes only used for loading the assault boat trailer body, is arranged on the trailer body beneath the wheel, is arranged on the trailer body in front of the used and the transport vehicle. Take the hook, loaded or unloaded assault boats, need to achieve by crane, operation is troublesome.The utility model contentThe utility model solves the technical problem of providing an assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading. In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the utility model is: a kind of automatic loading and unloading assault boatThe trailer for loading, including assault boat trailer body, is arranged on the trailer body beneath the wheel, is arranged on the .In front of the trailer body for transport vehicle is connected to the lower end of the hook, also included with the trailer body is connected with the vertical rod, one end of the vertical rod and the upper end of the first rotating shaft is connected by rail, arranged on the other end of the transverse rod is used for lifting the assault boat lifting mechanism, wherein the vertical rod rotation center along the upper and lower direction, the first shaft center line extends along the horizontal direction.In some embodiments, the trailer body is provided with upward opening slots, the lower end of the vertical rod is inserted in the slot, the lower end of the vertical rod and the slots are arranged between the rotating bear. Stud rotation centers along the vertical extension.Both sides of the trailer body relative to said ground along the up-down direction slide is provided with atleast two support frame, used to transport trailer has the first work position and used for loading or unloading of second working position, when the trailer is in the first position, the wheel nadir below the support frame of the nadir, when the trailer is located in the second working position, the lowest point of the wheel is higher than that of the supporting frame of the nadir, the supporting frame and the trailer body is arranged between the two in the first work position will be locked or articleWorking position locks mechanism.In some embodiments, rod and the vertical rod are arranged between the jacks. The trailer body with the assault boat bottom that surfaces with the support surface, the support were arranged on the surface of silica gel. Easy to include boats under surface is not scratched. The lifting mechanism comprises a fixed on the rail connection.On the connection of the traction rope, connected to the traction cable for the assault boat edge is connected with the two connecting pieces.The two connecting piece is provided with the assault boat edge part matched with the card slot, the slot in the depth direction extends along the horizontal direction. Card slot and the assault boat edge part are matched, thereby increasing the force area, convenient protection boats not deformation.The utility model range, is not limited to the technical characteristics of the particular combination of the technical scheme, and also should be covered by the technical feature or its equivalent features for any combination of the formation of other technical scheme. In the above example features with similar functional technical characteristics are replaced each formed technical schemeThe technical scheme is used, the utility model has the following advantages: through the lift conformation can be assault boat lift, then turning pole, can be loaded or unloaded assault boats carried out, makes the trailer features than multiple, convenient operation.An assault boat trailer for automatically loading and unloading, including for loading assault boat trailer body, is arranged on the trailer body beneath the wheel, is arranged on the trailer body front and transport vehicle for connecting hooks, also consists of a lower part and the trailer body is connected vertical rod, one end of the vertical rod and the upper end of the first rotating shaft is connected by rail, arranged on the transverse rod and the other end of the used for lifting the assault boat lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism comprises a fixed on the rail connection, around on the connection of the traction rope, attached to the traction cable for the assault boat edge is connected with the two connecting pieces. The two connecting piece is provided with the assault boat edge part matched with the card slot, the slot in the depth direction extends along the horizontal direction.Vertical rod rotation center along the vertical direction, the first shaft center -line extends along the horizontal direction. The trailer body is provided with upward opening slots, the lower end of the vertical rod is inserted in the slot, the lower end of the vertical rod is arranged between the rotary bearing with slots. Both sides of the trailer body relative to said ground along the up-down direction slide is provided with at least two support frame, used to transport trailer has the first work position and used for loading or unloading of second working position, when the trailer is in the first position, the wheels nadir below the support frame the lowest point, when the trailer is located in the second working position, the lowest point of the wheel is higherthan that of the branch..Supporting frame for the lowest point, support frame and the trailer body is arranged between the two in the first work position to lock or second working position locking mechanism. The locking mechanism is not the utility model points, as long as it is able to be two phase sliding parts are locked in at least two working position of the locking mechanism can be used here, concrete structure in.Cross rod and the vertical rod are arranged between the jacks. The trailer body with the assault that boats bottom surface with the support surface, the support are arranged on the surface of silica gel. The boats are placed on the supporting surface, the contact between the larger, less force, transport processes in the assault boat more stable.中文翻译消防冲锋舟拖车设计冲锋舟专用拖车分为山木型和滚轮型，整车镀锌、采用高强度耐磨的聚乙烯滚轮、防腐较强的山木而研制的新型专用拖车，拖车采用汽车制造工艺，配备专用的工装夹具一次成型，确保车架实用美观。